0fgLlts of]hgf @)!%–@)@) · s'/f lnlka4 5 / s'g sfdsf nflu slt /sdsf] cfjZostf 5 eGg] cg'dfgdf cfwfl/t 5 . /, s]jn To:tf nIox¿ o;df k¿g, hf] xfl;n x'g ;s"g / s]jn tL sfo{qmdx¿

;a}sf nflu 3/ 3/df dfgj clwsf/M zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/

/0fgLlts of]hgf @)!%–@)@)klxnf] ;+zf]wg @)&@÷)$÷@)bf];|f] ;+zf]wg @)&#÷!@÷#!

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uxl/x/ejg, nlntk'/

s | /0fgLlts of]hgf

k|sfzs M /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

xl/x/ ejg, nlntk'/, g]kfn

kf]= a= g+= M (!*@, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn

kmf]g g+= M )!–%)!))!%

Od]n M [email protected]

j]e;fO6 M www.nhrcnepal.org

k|yd k|sfzg M r}t, @)&!bf];|f] k|sfzg M k';, @)&#t];|f] k|sfzg M c;f/, @)&$ -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg;lxt_

k|sflzt k|lt M !)))

k|ltj]bg g+= M /f=df=c=cf= !*(

d'b|0f M P;=la=lk|G6;{, (*%!!–#*))%

;jf{lwsf/ M /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

dGtJo/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] sfd, sQ{Jo / lhDd]jf/L k|efjsf/L ¿kdf axg ug{ cfof]usf] :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Psf] lyof] . o; cg';f/ klxnf] /0fgLlts of]hgf, ;g\ @))!–@))# sf] th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog u/] ;Fu} bf];|f], t];|f] / rf}+yf] /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog eO{ k|:t't kfFrf}F /0fgLlts of]hgf ;g\ @)!%–@)@) tof/ kfl/Psf] x'Fbf /0fgLlts of]hgfn] lg/Gt/tf kfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf] ;+j}wflgs tyf sfg"gL bfloTjadf]lhd dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ ljutsf rf/j6} /0fgLlts of]hgfn] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ .

b]zsf] ablnFbf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts tyf ;f+:s[lts cj:yfcg';f/ dfgj clwsf/sf] cjwf/0ff / k|fyldstfdf klg kl/jt{g x'Fb} uPsf] kfOG5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljBdfg cj:yf, cfdgful/ssf] dfgj clwsf/ xgg\ Pj+ pkef]usf] l:ylt cfof]usf] ;+:yfut IfdtfnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ cfufdL lbgdf dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstfsf ljifox¿ s] s:tf x'g ;S5g\ egL klxrfg ug'{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgf th'{dfsf] klxnf] r/0f /x]sf] lyof]] . o; cGtu{t dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cj:yfsf] ljZn]if0fsf cfwf/df dfgj clwsf/sf ljifox¿ klxrfg u/L k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ug{ / /0fgLlts of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ul/g'kg]{ ljifox¿sf af/]df /fo ;'emfj ;ª\sng ug{ b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfdf cfof]un] 5nkmn tyf k/fdz{ sfo{qmd ;DkGg u¥of] .

/0fgLlts of]hgf th{'dfsf] qmddf cfof]un] ;/sf/L lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;ª\3;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, /fhgLlts bn, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljifout cfof]ux¿, k]zfut ;ª\3;ª\u7g, g]kfn ;/sf/sf k"j{ ;lrjx¿, ;j{;fwf/0f dflg;, bft[ lgsfo tyf ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/ ;d"xnufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ aLr Jofks 5nkmn, k/fdz{ u/L ;'emfjx¿ ;ª\sng u¥of] .

dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] j[xt ;xeflutf Pj+ /fo ;'emfjsf cfwf/df of] kfFrf}F /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] th'{df ul/Psfn] cfˆgf]] bfloTj k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] lgjf{x ug{ tyf ck]lIft glthf xfl;n ug{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] dfu{lgb]{z ug]{ ljZjf; cfof]un] lnPsf] 5 . cfof]uåf/f ;Dkfbg ul/g] sfo{x¿nfO{ jflif{s ?kdf k|fyldstfsf cfwf/df lgwf{/0f u/L dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL ;/f]sf/sf ljifox¿df s]lGb|t eO{ sfd ug{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ck]Iff d}n] u/]sf] 5' . o;sf nflu k|:t't of]hgfdf to ul/Psf p2]Zo tyf k|fyldstfsf ljifocg'?k cfof]usf jflif{s sfo{of]hgf th'{df u/L ultlalwx¿ ;~rfng x'g] ljZjf; d}n] lnPsf] 5' . ;fy}, /0fgLlts of]hgfdf lglb{i6 /0fgLlts p2]Zo xfl;n ug{sf nflu /0fgLlts cjwf/0ffsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogåf/f cfof]un] cjnDag u/]sf d"No, dfGotfadf]lhd sfo{;Dkfbg ug]{5 eGg] b[9 ljZjf; d}n] lnPsf] 5' .

ljut sfnsf] åGå zflGtdf ?kfGt/0f eO{ d'n'ssf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfdf qmlds ¿kdf ;'wf/ x'Fb} hfg yfn]sf] dx;'; ug{ yflnPtf klg ;du| kl/l:ylt gful/sn] cg'e"t ug{ ;Sg] vfnsf] ;Gtf]ifhgs eg] 5}g . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljsf;sf nflu dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL lzIff, r]tgfsf] k|j4{g Jofks ¿kdf ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu ;LdfGts[t, ljkGg, Ho]i7 gful/s, dlxnf, afnaflnsf, ckfª\utf ePsf JolQm, blnt, u/La ls;fg Pj+ lk5l8Psf ju{sf dfgj clwsf/sf ljifox¿nfO{{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL ;+/If0ffTds tyf k|j4{gfTds ultlalw ;~rfng ug'{ h¿/L ePsf] 5 . cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug{ …;a}sf nflu 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ M zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/Ú eGg] gf/fnfO{ Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf ¿kfGt/0f ug{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfcg';f/ cfof]usf] ;+:yfut Ifdtfsf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ u/L ;~rf/ dfWod ;d]tsf] pkof]uåf/f dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL lzIff, r]tgf, hfgsf/L, ;"rgfd"ns sfo{qmd jf ;fdu|L 3/3/df k'¥ofpg] 5 .

cGTodf, o; /0fgLlts of]hgf tof/ ug]{ qmddf cd"No ;Nnfx, ;'emfj k|bfg ug'{x'g] ;Dk"0f{ ;/f]sf/jfnf tyf k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] cfd gful/sx¿k|lt cfef/ JoQm ub{5' . /0fgLlts of]hgf th'{dfsf qmddf ;Nnfx, ;'emfj lbg'x'g] cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿ Pj+ sd{rf/Lx¿k|lt wGojfb 1fkg ug{ rfxG5' . o;}u/L, o; of]hgf th'{df ug]{ sfo{df ;+nUg sfo{bnsf ;+of]hs Pj+ ;b:ox¿, k/fdz{bftfsf ¿kdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] 8f= >Ls[i0f >]i7, dfwj /]UdL tyf cfof]usf sd{rf/L lvdfgGb a:ofnnfO{ ljz]if wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .

====================cg"k /fh zdf{

cWoIf/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u, Rf}t, @)&!

e"ldsfnIoljxLg ofqfn] uGtJodf k'¥ofpFb}g / of]hgfljxLg ;f]rn] pknlAwnfO{ d"t{tf k|bfg ub}{g . t;y{ nIo k|flKtsf nflu lgwf{/0f ul/g] of]hgf / ltgsf] Odfgbf/ sfof{Gjogdf g} s'g} klg lgsfosf] ;kmntf lge{/ /xG5 . ;kmntf ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] ;dfof]hg tyf sd{7 / ;dlk{t nugzLntfsf] csf]{ :j?k xf] . ;kmntfsf] rfxgfn] g} /0fgLlts of]hgfnfO{ 8f]¥ofO/x]sf] x'G5 . o;} qmddf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u cfh h] h'g cj:yfdf 5 To;df o;n] ljutdf nfu" u/]sf rf/j6f /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf 5 eGg lxrlsrfpg' kg]{ cj:yf 5}g .

of] kfrf}+ /0fgLlts of]hgf ljuts} cg'ejdf cfwfl/t 5, ljuts} ;kmntfaf6 clek|]l/t 5 / ljutsf r'gf}tLx¿sf] lg/fs/0fsf] vf]hLdf cled'v 5 . o;df s'g sfd ;DkGg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L s;sf] xf] eGg] s'/f lnlka4 5 / s'g sfdsf nflu slt /sdsf] cfjZostf 5 eGg] cg'dfgdf cfwfl/t 5 . /, s]jn To:tf nIox¿ o;df k¿g, hf] xfl;n x'g ;s"g / s]jn tL sfo{qmdx¿ dfq ;dfj]z x'g hf] ug{ ;lspg eGg] s'/fdf sfo{bn ;r]i6 /xsf] cfefif lbg k|oTg/t\ 5 .

of] /0fgLlts of]hgf th'{df ubf{ krxQ/} lhNnfdf k'Ug ;Dej geP klg xfdLn] k|ltlglwd"ns ?kdf 5fg]sf lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO{÷dw]zsf @# lhNnfx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] l:ylt, ToxfFsf dfgj clwsf/sdL{, gful/s ;dfh / k|zf;sx¿sf ;'emfpd"ns cleJolQmsf] ;f/ o; of]hgfdf ;df]jz ug]{ k|of; u/]sf 5f}+ . /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u, /fli6«o blnt cfof]u, afnsNof0f ;ldltsf cltl/Qm ljleGg cNk;+Vos, ;LdfGts[t / ;'ljwfljxLgx¿sf k|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfsf efjgfx¿nfO{ klg o; /0fgLlts of]hgfdf ;Daf]wg ug]{ xfd|f] k|of; 5 .

dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhsf] ;xof]un] xfdLnfO{ of] /0fgLlts of]hgf th'{df ug{ h'g u'0f nufPsf] 5 Tof] clt dxŒjk"0f{ 5 . oL ;a}sf cltl/Qm cfof]usf sd{rf/Lsf] cg'ej / ;'emfplagf of] /0fgLlts of]hgfn] of] ¿k lng] lyPg . h;sf] /ftlbgsf] ldlxg]tn] of] d:of}bfn] :j?k lnof] To; qmddf d}n] cfˆgf] sfo{bnsf ;xsdL{ ;fyLx¿sf ;fy} cGo ;xof]uL / k/fdz{bftfsf] klg e/k"/ k|z+;f ug}{kg]{ x'G5 . pxfFx¿ ;a} wGojfbsf kfq x'g'x'G5 .

of] /0fgLlts of]hgf ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] pknAwtfsf cfwf/df qmdzMnfu" x'Fb} hfg]5,, o;n] p2]Zocg'?k k|ltkmn lbFb} hfg]5 / dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf d'n'ssf] 5lj pHHjn agfpFb} nfg]5 . of] ck]Iff xfd|} sd{7tfdf lge{/ 5 . o;sf] cfjlws cg'udgn] xfdLnfO{ lbzfaf]w ul//xg]5 .

cGTodf, of] xfdL ;a}sf] ;femf clen]v xf] . xfdL ;a}sf] ;xof]u, ;b\efj / ;+nUgtfdf g} o; /0fgLlts of]hgfnfO{ ;kmntfsf] dfu{ b]vfpg] 5 . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u o; of]hgfsf] th'{dfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ ;a}nfO{ wGojfb 1fkg ub}{ sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]usf] ck]Iff /fVb5 .

==================k|sfz j:tL

df=;b:o, /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u;+of]hs, /0fgLlts of]hgf th'{df sfo{bn

r}t, @)&!

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u | #

cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿

cWoIf M dfggLo cg"k /fh zdf{;b:o M dfggLo k|sfz j:tL;b:o M dfggLo ;'lbk kf7s;b:o M dfggLo df]xgf cG;f/L;b:o M dfggLo uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofn

;lrj

j]bk|;fb e§/fO{

ª | /0fgLlts of]hgf

ljifo;"rLljifo k[i7 ;+VofdGtJo ve"ldsf uljifo ;"rL ªsfo{sf/L ;f/f+z refu – ! k[i7e"ld 1!=!= ;+j}wflgs tyf sfg"gL sfof{b]z 1!=@= kfFrf}+ /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cf}lrTo÷dxŒj 3!=#= /0fgLlts of]hgf th{'df k|lqmof 3!=#=!=u7g 4!=#=@=k/fdz{ / 5nkmn 4!=$= ljutsf pknlAw 4efu– @ ;Gbe{ ljZn]if0f 13@=!= ;an kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / hf]lvd 13@=@= ;+:yfut r'gf}tL 15efu – # dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf 17#=!= Dffgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] ljZn]if0f 17#=@=k|fyldstfsf ljifox¿ 20efu – $ /0fgLlts p2]Zo / cjwf/0ff 21$=!= b"/b[li6 21$=@= Wo]o 21$=#= nIo 21$=$= d"No÷dfGotf 21$=%=/0fgLlts p2]Zo 23$=^=k|d'v /0fgLlts cjwf/0ff 24efu – % /0fgLlts of]hgf sfof{Gjog 27%=!=/0fgLlts of]hgf sfof{Gjog tl/sf 27%=@=hf]lvd / Go"gLs/0fsf pkfo 28efu – ^ lj:t[t /0fgLlts sfo{of]hgf 30efu – & cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg vfsf 57cg';"rL – k/fdz{ a}7sdf ;xefuLx?sf] gfdfjnL 00

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u | r

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z

dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u @)%# ;fnsf] P]gsf cfwf/df @)%& ;fn h]7 !# ut] :yflkt ePsf] xf] . cfof]un] @)^# ;fnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgaf6 ;+j}wflgs c+usf] x}l;ot k|fKt u¥of] eg] ;f]xL x}l;otnfO{ @)&@ ;fndf hf/L ePsf] jt{dfg g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] klg lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 51 . @)^* ;fnsf] gofF /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]gcg';f/ xfn sfo{/t\\ cfof]u ;g\ @))! b]lv g} /0fgLlts of]hgf th'{df u/]/ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . slxn] tLg, slxn] rf/ / slxn] kfFrjif]{ of]hgf agfPsf] cfof]un] o; k6s eg] 5 jif]{ of]hgf th'{df u/]sf] 5 . kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] kbfjlw 5 jif{ x'g] ePaf6 clxn] cfof]u kbflwsf/Lsf] sfo{sfnel/sf nflu nIo / sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f ePsf] xf] .

d'n'ssf] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| cj:yfsf] ljZn]if0f, cfof]usf] ;an kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ Pj+ ;+:yfut Ifdtf / r'gf}tL ;d]tsf] ;dLIffsf cfwf/df o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cjlwdf qmdzM sfof{Gjog ul/+b} nlug] gf} lsl;dsf k|fyldstfsf ljifox¿ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfdf klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] b"/b[li6sf ¿kdf …;a}sf nflu 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/sf] d"n dd{nfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ oxL g} zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/ xf] eGg] dfGotfsf ;fy dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug]{ /x]sf] 5 eg] d"n nIosf ¿kdf …dfgj clwsf/d}qL jftfj/0f lgdf{0fdfkm{t ;a}n] cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt clwsf/sf] lgaf{w pkef]u ug{ kfpg] l:ylt lgdf{0f ug]{Ú eGg] /x]sf] 5 . cfof]un] cfkm\gf] nIo k|fKt ug{sf] nflu o; /0fgLlts of]hgfdf lgDgadf]lhdsf rf/ d'Vo /0fgLlts p2]Zox¿ lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 M

!= dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3g 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg tyf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] cg'udg ug]{],

@= dfgj clwsf/ k|j4{gsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f ug]{,

#= ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t Pj+ k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug]{,

$= cfof]usf] kxF'r lj:tf/, k|efjsfl/tf ;'b[9Ls/0f Pj+ ;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{

pk/f]Qm rf/ p2]Zo xfl;n ug{sf nflu ljleGg /0fgLltx¿, /0fgLlt adf]lhdsf sfo{qmdx¿sf af/]df o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] lj:t[t /0fgLlts sfo{of]hgfdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]un] k|:t't of]hgfcg';f/ ;DkGg ul/g] sfo{qmdx¿df k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg ;dGjo, ;xsfo{, ;~hfnLs/0f / ;fem]bf/L, ;~rf/ / ;"rgf k|0ffnL, sfo{ ;/ntf / :ki6tf, d]nldnfk, cfGtl/s cg'udg, cg';Gwfgd"ns sfo{, tflnd, l;kmfl/z, ;+jfb, jsfnt / cGtlq{mof h:tf ljleGg /0fgLlts cjwf/0ffx¿sf] cjnDag ug]{ of]hgf cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 .

o; /0fgLlts of]hgfadf]lhd sfo{;Dkfbg eP, gePsf], ck]lIft glthf xfl;n eP, gePsf], sfo{;Dkfbgsf qmddf /x]sf ;an kIf / ;'wfg'{ kg]{ kIf s] s:tf /x]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] j:t'ut

1 bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt

% | /0fgLlts of]hgf

/ Jofjxfl/s ljZn]if0f ug{ cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg vfsf klg o;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . o;}u/L /0fgLlts of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf qmddf cfpg ;Sg] ;Defljt hf]lvdx¿sf] klxrfg u/L To:tf afwf Jojwfgx¿sf] Go"gLs/0fsf pkfx¿;d]t o; /0fgLlts of]hgfdf ;d]l6Psf] 5 . cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f tyf ;+j4{g ug]{ ;+j}wflgs Pj+ sfg"gL bfloTj lgjf{x ug]{ qmddf kxF'r, ;dfgtf / Gofo, hjfkmb]lxtf, lgikIftf, :jtGqtf / :jfoQtf, kf/blz{tf, ;xeflutf, ;dfj]zLs/0f / ljljwtfsf] ;Ddfg h:tf d'Vo d"No dfGotfx¿sf] k"0f{ ¿kdf kfngf ug]{ b[9tf o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] cjnDag u/]sf] 5 .

…3/ 3/df dfgj clwsf/ M zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/Ú eGg] d"n nIo lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL r]tgfnfO{ 3/3/df k'¥ofpg] s'/fnfO{ ljz]if ?kdf cfˆgf] of]hgfdf ;d]6]sf] 5 . b]zsf &$ lhNnfdf Pkm=Pd= /]l8of] :6]zg /x]af6 tL lhNnfdf af]lng] kl5Nnf] hgu0fgf, @)^* df pNn]v ePadf]lhd tf]lsPsf :yfgLo efiffdf dfgj clwsf/sf ;Gb]zx¿ k|;fl/t ul/g], ljBfnodf dfgj clwsf/ lzIff k|j4{g ul/g], dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL xflh/L hjfkm k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/g], :yfgLo dfgj clwsf/ sdL{x¿af6 ufpF ufpFdf ;r]tgf d"ns sfo{qmd ug]{ u/fpg] / u|fdL0f pTk|]/sx¿ ;d]tnfO{ o;sf nflu kl/rflnt ug]{ sfo{qmdnfO{ /0fgLlts of]hgfn] ;dflxt u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ k'¥ofpg uLt, krf{, xft] k'l:tsf, j[Qlrq, 6]lnlehg ;Gb]z h:tf k|rf/ k|;f/sf ;fdu|Lx¿nfO{ dfgj clwsf/ lzIff k|rf/sf dfWod dflgg] of]hgfsf] /0fgLlt /x]sf] 5 .

b]zsf krxQ/} lhNnfdf kx'Fr lj:tf/ ug]{ nIosf ;fy dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3gsf ph"/L ;a} lhNnfdf btf{ u/L ph"/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg] / To;sf nflu dfgj clwsf/k|lt ;dlk{t / b]zel/ ;~hfn ePsf] g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;P;g h:tf ;+:yf;Fu ;xsfo{ ug]{ of]hgfnfO{ k|:t't of]hgfdf TolQs} dxŒj lbOPsf] 5 .

ck/fw kLl8tx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] pk]lIft cj:yfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L ltgsf] lgbfg / lg/fs/0fnfO{ o; of]hgfn] ljz]if ;lqmotf ckgfpg] pkfox¿ cfTd;ft u/]sf] 5 . jGbLx¿sf cfwf/e"t clwsf/ /Iffy{ cfof]un] ;lqmo sfo{of]hgf ckgfpg] sfo{qmd ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 . åGåkLl8tx¿nfO{ zL3| / k|efjsf/L /fxtsf nflu ;DalGwt cfof]ux¿;Fusf] ;xsfo{df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . cfof]un] km5\of}{6 ug{ afFsL d'2fx¿nfO{ juL{s[t u/L zL3|fltzL3| 6'+Uofpg] of]hgf ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 .

s]Gb|df cfof]usf] cfˆg} ejg tTsfn} lgdf{0fsf ;fy} :yfoL ?kdf dfgj clwsf/ tflnd k|lti7fgsf] :yfkgfnfO{ klg o; of]hgfn] pRr k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ ;+s6df k/]sf JolQmx¿sf nflu ;'/If0f u[x -;]km xfp;_ ;~rfngsf] nIo klg o; of]hgfsf] /x]sf] 5 .

cfof]udf /x]sf] b/aGbL ;+Vof #)( s} k"lt{sf nflu cf/De ePsf] cfGtl/s k|lqmofnfO{ zL3|fltzL3| ;DkGg ug]{ / sd{rf/Lsf] j[lQljsf; tyf cfGtl/s sfo{k|0ffnLdf ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] cToflws k|of]u of]hgfn] k|fylds ljifo agfPsf] 5 .

dfgj clwsf/d}qL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f, dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3gstf{x¿sf] ;fj{hlgsLs/0f sfo{ljlw, dfgj

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u | h

clwsf/ cfof]u sd{rf/L ;]jf,zt{ ljw]os / dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g kl/dfh{gnfO{ klg of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] 5 .

g]kfnL / c+u|hL efiffdf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL hg{nsf] k|sfzg cf/De ug]{ of]hgf o;df ;dfj]z 5 . dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljleGg ljifox¿df uxg vf]h, cWoog / cg';Gwfgsf cfwf/df cg';Gwfgd"ns k|ltj]bg lg/Gt/ ¿kdf k|sfzg ub}{ hfg] nIo klg o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5 .

g]kfn kIf ePsf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;lGw, dxf;lGwx¿sf] kl/kfngsf] k|efjsf/L cg'udg tyf x:tfIf/ ug{ afFsL ;lGw dxf;lGwsf] uxg cWoognfO{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] cfˆgf] bfloTj dfg]sf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf ;DaGwdf o; 5 jif]{ cjlwdf sDtLdf Pp6f cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf] g]kfndf cfof]hgf ug]{ sfo{qmd klg o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cleGg c+usf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 .

cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxLdf k|efjsfl/tf j[l4 ug{ dfgj clwsf/sf If]qdf :jb]z tyf ljb]zdf sfo{/t\\ lgsfo tyf ;+:yfx¿;Fusf] ;xsfo{nfO{ gLlt tyf cfrf/;+lxtfsf] cwLgdf /xL cufl8 a9fpg] o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] ;dfj]z u/]sf] csf]{ dxŒjk"0f{ /0fgLlt xf] .

ca, cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / k|j4{gdf cfof]un] ljz]if ?kdf cfˆgf] Wofg s]lGb|t ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf dx;'; u/L pkef]Qmfsf] xslxt / :jf:Yo;DaGwL xssf] ;+/If0fnfO{ cfof]un] k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] 5 .

d"ne"t ?kdf ;fdflhs jf ;f+:s[lts b[li6n] lk5l8Psf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, yf?, d':nLd, pTkLl8t ju{, lk58f ju{, cNk;+Vos, l;dfGts[t, ls;fg, >lds, o'jf, afnaflnsf, Ho]i7 gful/s, n}+lus tyf of}lgs cNk;+Vos, ckf+utf ePsf JolQm, uef{j:yfsf JolQm, czQm jf c;xfo, lk5l8Psf] If]q / cfly{s ?kn] ljkGg v; cfo{nufotsf ;'ljwfljxLg ju{sf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / k|j4{gdf cfof]u ljz]if ?kdf rgfvf] /xg kg]{ jf:tljstfnfO{ s]Gb|df /fvL of] /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] th'{df ePsf] 5 .2

2 bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk

10 | /0fgLlts of]hgf

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u | 1

dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)%# adf]lhd :jtGq / :jfoQ lgsfosf ¿kdf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] :yfkgf lj=;+= @)%& h]7 !# df ePsf] xf] . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] cfof]unfO{ klxnf] k6s ;++j}wflgs lgsfosf ?kdf :yflkt u/]sf] lyof] eg] jt{dfg g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] klg cfof]unfO{ ;+j}wflgs lgsfos} ?kdf lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5 . cfof]un] klxnf] k6s ;+j}wflgs x}l;ot k|fKt u/]kl5 3dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)%# nfO{ vf/]h u/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)^* n] cfof]usf sfd sf/afxLnfO{ yk Jojl:yt agfPsf] 5 . @)^# dª\l;/ % df ;/sf/ / tTsfnLg ljb|f]xL dfcf]jfbLaLr ;DkGg lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfn] ;d]t cfof]unfO{ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog cj:yfsf] cg'udg ug]{ yk lhDd]jf/L k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . cfof]un] cfˆgf] sfd sf/afxL :jtGq, :jfoQ / lgikIf ¿kdf k]l/; l;4fGt !((# cGtu{t ;Dkfbg ub{5 .

cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g / k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ;/sf/L lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/sf If]qdf sfo{/t\\ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3;+:yfx¿ ;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ub{5 . To;} u/L /fli6«o sfg"g, gLlt lgodsf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L kl/dfh{gsf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug]{, g]kfn kIf ePsf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog cj:yfsf] cWoog, cg'udg u/L d'n'ssf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu sfd ug]{ h:tf ;+j}wflgs sfof{b]z cfof]unfO{ k|fKt 5 .

cfof]un] klxnf] /0fgLlts of]hgf, @))!—@))#, To;}u/L bf];|f], t];|f] / rf}yf] qmdzM @))$–@))*, @))*—@)!!, @)!!—@)!$ sf] cjlwdf cfGtl/s åGå, åGåf]Q/ Pj+ ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfsf] sf/0fn] xTof, a]kQf, ckx/0f, oftgf, u}/sfg"gL lu/ˆtf/L h:tf gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/sf ljifonfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] lyof] . b]zsf] ablnFbf] /fhgLlts tyf ;fdflhs cj:yfdf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo, ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f, pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/, clje]b, ljkGg, k5fl8 kfl/Psf] ju{ tyf ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfosf] dfgj clwsf/, b08xLgtf ;+:s[ltsf] cGTo tyf lbuf] zflGt lgdf{0fsf nflu of]ubfg, gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/sf cltl/Qm cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ h:tf ljifonfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL cfof]un] ^ jifL{o kfFrf}F /0fgLlts of]hgf, @)!%–@)@) th'{df u/]sf] 5 .

!=! ;+j}wflgs tyf sfg"gL sfof{b]zM$

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$( cg';f/ cfof]unfO{ b]xfoadf]lhd sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]s]sf] 5 M-!_ Dffgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g tyf To;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrt

ug{' /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

Effu –!

k[i7e"ld

3 bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt4 bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f kl/jlt{t

2 | /0fgLlts of]hgf

-@_ pkwf/f-!_df plNnlvt st{Jo k"/f ug{ nflu /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] b]xfoadf]lhdsf sfd ug]{5 M–-s_ s'g} JolQm jf ;d"xsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g jf To;sf] b'?T;fxg ePsf]df kLl8t cfkm}+

jf lghsf] tkm{af6 s;}n] s'g} ;|f]taf6 cfof]unfO{ k|fKt ePsf] jf cfof]usf] hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] ljifodf 5fgjLg tyf cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifL pk/ sf/afxL ug{ l;kmfl/z ug]{,

-v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3g x'gaf6 /f]Sg] lhDd]af/L k"/f gu/]df jf st{Jo kfng gu/]df jf lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ jf st{Jo kfng ug{ pbf;Lgtf b]vfPdf To:tf] kbflwsf/Lpk/ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ ;DalGwt clwsf/L;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{,

-u_ dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfsf lj?4 d'2f rnfpg' kg]{ cfjZostf ePdf sfg"gadf]lhd cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ l;kmfl/z ug]{,

-3_ dfgj clwsf/sf] r]tgf clej[l4 ug{ gful/s ;dfh;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug]{, -ª_ dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3gstf{nfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL tyf ;hfo ug{ sf/0f / cfwf/ v'nfO{

;DalGwt lgsfo;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{, -r_ dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt sfg"gsf] cfjlws ?kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ tyf To;df

ug{'kg]{ ;'wf/ tyf ;+zf]wgsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{, -5_ dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt cGt/fli6«o ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] g]kfn kIf aGg'kg]{ ePdf

To;sf] sf/0f;lxt g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug]{ / g]kfn kIf alg;s]sf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog eP jf gePsf] cg'udg u/L sfof{Gjog gePsf] kfOPdf To;sf] sfof{Gjog ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{,

-h_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gsf ;DaGwdf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/z jf lgb]{zg kfng jf sfof{Gjog gug]{ kbflwsf/L, JolQm jf lgsfosf] gfd sfg"gadf]lhd ;fj{hlgs u/L dfjg clwsf/ pNn+3gstf{sf] ?kdf clen]v /fVg] .

-#_ Dffgj clwsf/ cfof]un] cfk\mgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{ jf st{Jo kfng ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5 -s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ hfgsf/L jf jofg lng] jf askq u/fpg], k|df0f

a'e\mg], bzL k|df0f bflvnf ug{ nufpg] ;DaGwdf cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{,-v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn+3g x'g nfu]sf] jf eO;s]sf] ;"rgf cfof]un] s'g} lsl;daf6

k|fKt u/]df s'g} JolQm jf vfgtnf;L lng] tyf To;/L vfgtnf;L lnFbf dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3g;Fu ;DalGwt lnvt, k|df0f jf ;j't sAhfdf lng],

-u_ s'g} JolQmsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g eO/x]sf] s'/f hfgsf/L eO{ tTsfn sf/jfxL ug{'kg]{ cfjZos b]lvPdf ljgf ;"rgf ;/sf/L sfof{no jf cGo 7fpFdf k|j]z ug]{ / p4f/ ug]{,

-3_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gaf6 kLl8tnfO{ sfg"gadf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ lbg cfb]z lbg] .-$_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] cfk\mgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo /

clwsf/ ;f] cfof]usf] cWoIf, s'g} ;b:o jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u tyf kfng ug]{ u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-%_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw ;+3Lo sfg"gadf]lhd x'g]5 .


!=@ kfFrf}F /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cf}lrTo÷dxŒjM

dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{nfO{ of]hgfj4 9ª\uaf6 cufl8 a9fpg tyf cfof]usf] jflif{s ultljlw tyf sfo{of]hgfnfO{ nlIft ;d"x;Dd k'¥ofpg /0fgLlts of]hgfn] dfu{lgb]{zsf ¿kdf sfd ub{5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ablnFbf] cjwf/0ffcg'¿k cfof]un] cfˆgf]] bfloTj k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] axg ug{ cfjZos /0fgLltsf] lgdf{0f u/L sfof{Gjogsf] vfsf tof/ ug{ o;n] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5 . ;+:yfut sfo{;Dkfbg ug]{ qmddf cfpg ;Sg] hf]lvdsf] klxrfg u/L To:tf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿ ;d]t /0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]v ul/g] x'gfn] eljiodf cfpg ;Sg] hf]lvdx¿nfO{ kG5fO{ cufl8 a9\g ;d]t o;n] d2t k'¥ofpF5 . o;n] of]hgfsf] Jofjxfl/s ¿kfGt/0fsf nflu cfjZos ef}lts ;|f]t ;fwg, ;do;Ldf tyf lhDd]jf/L afF8kmfF8 ug]{ ePsfn] sfo{;Dkfbg glthfd'vL / ck]lIft ¿kdf ;DkGg ug{ cfof]unfO{ yk an k'Ug hfG5 .

dfgj clwsf/sf ;a} ljifo ljZjJofkL, cGt;{DalGwt, cljefHo /x]sfn] ;a} dfgj clwsf/sf] ;dfg dxŒj / cfjZostf /x]sf] x'G5 . dfgj clwsf/, zflGt / Gofo :yflkt ug{, åGåkLl8tx¿sf] Gofodf kx'Fr, gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/sf cltl/Qm cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] dfu{bz{g ub{5 . jt{dfg cfof]usf] sfo{sfndf ul/g] sfo{x¿df Ps¿ktf Nofpg tyf ;Dkflbt sfo{x¿sf] pknlAw ;dLIffsf nflu ;d]t of] /0fgLlts of]hgfn] ljz]if dxŒj /fVb5 .

g]kfn ;/sf/sf lgsfo, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo, ljleGg cfof]ux¿;Fusf] ;xsfo{nfO{ j[l4 ug{ tyf cfof]usf sfo{qmdx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/sf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿;Fu ;fd~h:o Nofpg'sf ;fy} dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] cg'udg ug{sf nflu klg o;sf] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xG5 . ;fy}, cfof]udf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf ph"/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg u/L zL3| km5\of}{6 ug{, cfof]uåf/f xfn;Dd ul/Psf l;kmfl/zx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu kxn ug{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfn] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

!=# /0fgLlts of]hgf th{'df k|lqmof M

cfof]usf] o; /0fgLlts of]hgf th{'dfsf] qmddf ljutsf] /0fgLlts of]hgf -;g\ @)!!–@)!$_ sf] dWofjlws ;dLIff ldlt @)&)÷(÷& b]lv ( ;Dd ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm /0fgLlts of]hgfdf lglb{i6 ul/Psf k|fyldstfsf ljifo tyf /0fgLlts p2]Zox¿nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL cfof]uaf6 ;Dkflbt sfo{x¿sf] dfkg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Lldt ;|f]t, ;fwg / hgzlQmsf afjh'b cfof]un] cfˆgf] ultljlwx¿ ;DkGg u/]sf], g]kfn ;/sf/cGtu{t lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ljsf;df dfgj clwsf/d'vL k4ltsf af/]df r]tgf j[l4 ug{ cled'vLs/0f tflnd k|efjsf/L ¿kdf ;~rfng u/]sf], ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo, cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;+f:s[lts clwsf/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbFb} cg'udg, cg';Gwfg ;DkGg u/]sf], ph"/L cg';GwfgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] h:tf pknAwL xfl;n u/]sf] eGg] lgrf]8 pQm cfjlws ;dLIffsf] /x]sf] lyof] . ;dLIffdf cfof]usf ;jn kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / r'gf}tLsf af/]df Jofks 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof], h;n] o; /0fgLlts of]hgf th{'dfsf nflu cfwf/ tof/ u¥of] .

4 | /0fgLlts of]hgf

!=#=! u7g Mo; /0fgLlts of]hgf th{'dfsf] qmddf cfof]usf dfggLo ;b:o >L k|sfz j:tLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ldlt @)&! sflt{s @) df ^ jifL{o /0fgLlts of]hgf d:of}bf u/L cfof]u;dIf k|:t't ug{ lgDgfg';f/sf] Ps sfo{bn u7g ul/Psf] lyof]M

dfggLo ;b:o >L k|sfz j:tL ;+of]hslgb]{zs >L ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ ;b:opklgb]{zs >L o1k|;fb clwsf/L ;b:olg= /fli6«o kl/of]hgf Joj:yfks >L cf/tL lji6 ;b:odfgj clwsf/ clws[t >L hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ ;b:o ;lrj

!=#=@ k/fdz{ / 5nkmn M/0fgLlts of]hgf th{'dfsf] qmddf sfo{bnn] k|yd d:of}bf tof/ u/L ldlt @)&! dª\l;/ !@ ut] cfof]u ;dIf k|:t't u¥of] . pQm d:of}bfpk/ ;/sf/L lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;ª\3;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, Gofokflnsf, k]zfut ;ª\3;ª\u7gsf k|ltlglwnufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ aLr 5nkmn, k/fdz{ tyf cGtl{q{mofTds sfo{zfnf uf]i7L sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|fyldstfsf ljifox¿ klxrfg u/L ;'emfj ;ª\sng ug{ cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{no tyf kfFr} ljsf; If]qnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;f]cGtu{t sDtLdf # lhNnf ;d]l6g] u/L ;/f]sf/jfnfaLr ljleGg @# lhNnfx¿df cGtlq{mofTds sfo{zfnf uf]i7L sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;/f]sf/jfnfaf6 k|fKt ;'emfj ;Nnfx ;d]l6Psf] bf];|f] d:of}bfpk/ ldlt @)&! k'; !( b]lv @! ut];Dd /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;xeflutfdf sfo{zfnf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ul/of] . pQm sfo{zfnfaf6 k|fKt ;'emfjx¿ ;d]l6Psf] t];|f] d:of}bfpk/ ljifout ¿kdf ljz]if1tf xfl;n u/]sf ;/sf/L lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf lqmofzLn ;ª\3;+:yf tyf JolQmx¿;Fu ;d"xut 5nkmn ul/of] . 5nkmnaf6 k|fKt ;'emfjx¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] rf}yf] d:of}bfpk/ bft[ lgsfo tyf ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/ ;d"x;Fu ldlt @)&! Dff3 @! ut] ;'emfj ;ª\sng ul/of] . kl/dflh{t d:of}bfdf k'gM ldlt @)&! Dff3 @# ut] /fli6«o k/fdz{ uf]i7L dfkm{t g]kfn ;/sf/cGtu{tsf lgsfo, /fhgLlts bn, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljifout cfof]ux¿, dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt ;ª\3;+:yfx¿, k]zfut ;ª\3;+:yfx¿ nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu ;'emfj ;ª\sng u/L kfFrfF} d:of}bf th'{df ul/of] . ;f] d:of}bfpk/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf k"j{ ;lrjx¿, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf k"j{ pkfWoIf, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf pRr kb:y clws[t, lgjf{rg cfof]usf k"j{ cfo'Qm, o'Pgl8kLsf k|ltlglw nufot;Fu ldlt @)&! kmfu'g ^ ut] k/fdz{ a}7s u/L ;'emfj ;ª\sng ul/of]51.

!=$ ljutsf pknlAw M

dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)%# n] k|Tofe"t u/]sf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/nfO{ d"t{tf lbg cfof]usf] :yfkgf ;Fu;Fu} of]hgfsf] cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Psf] lyof] . o;sf nflu b]zdf dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[ltsf] lgdf{0ftkm{ pGd"v sfo{qmd to u/L cfˆgf] bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ /0fgLlts nIo

5 ;xefuLx¿sf] gfdfjnL cg';"rL ! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .


/ p2]Zo;lxt cfof]un] /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] th'{df u¥of] . /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0f ug]{, dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g k|efjsf/L ¿kdf ug]{ / ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f ug]{ p2]Zo ljutsf ;a} /0fgLlts of]hgfdf /flvPsf] lyof] .

o;k"j{sf ;a} /0fgLlts p2]Zoadf]lhd cfof]un] ;Dkfbg u/]sf sfo{, ;f]sf pknlAw ;d]tsf sf/0fn] cfof]u dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;dGjo ;ldlt -cfO;;_ sf] :t/ juL{s/0fdf :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} ;w}+ æsÆ >]0fLdf /xg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . cfof]un] ;z:q åGåsfndf gful/s ;dfh, dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3, g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzg, g]kfn lrlsT;s ;ª\3 nufotsf cGo k];fut ;ª\3;+:yf;Fusf] ;xsfo{df b]zsf] ;du| dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfaf/] cg'udg u/L k|fKt k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df ;z:q åGå/t\ kIfnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfg"g / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gåf/f k|bQ clwsf/sf] Jofjxfl/s sfof{Gjog / kl/kfngfsf nflu cfu|x ub}{ åGå kLl8tx¿nfO{ Gofo / Ifltk"lt{sf nflu l;kmfl/z u/]sf] lyof] . ;z:q åGådf ePsf dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3gsf 36gf;DaGwL k|ltj]bg ;d]t k|sfzg u/]sf] lyof]] .

ljutsf /0fgLlts of]hgfcGtu{t åGåsfndf ;Dkfbg ul/Psf d'Vo sfo{x¿df cfof]un] /fd]5fksf] bf]/Daf, kfFry/sf] gfuL / l;/xfsf] wgu9L nufotsf 36gfdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k"j{ GofofwLz ;lxtsf] ljz]if1 6f]nLaf6 cg';Gwfg eO{ bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf l;kmfl/z ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf]] lyof] . ;fy} lrtjgsf] afFb/d'8], kfNkfsf] tfg;]g, sflnsf]6sf] sf]6jf8f / lknL, DofUbLsf] a]gLnufotsf 36gfdf cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{sf] l;kmfl/z ePsf] lyof] .

;z:q åGåsf a]nf /fHokIf / tTsfnLg ljb|f]xLkIf g]skf dfcf]jfbLåf/f a]kQf kf/L xTof ul/Psf JolQmx¿sf] zjf]Tvgg\\ u/L bf]ifLnfO{ kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf d'2f rnfpg / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{sf] l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] . o; qmddf zjf]Tvgg\\kZrft\ kLl8tsf kl/jf/nfO{ dfgj cjz]if x:tfGt/0f ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . ;'/IffsdL{åf/f a]kQf kf/L xTof ePsf] hgsk'/sf] uf]bf/ 36gfdf lkmgNofG8af6 cGt/f{li6«o lj1;lxtsf] cg';Gwfg 6f]nLåf/f zjf]Tvgg\ ePsf] lyof] . tTsfnLg ljb|f]xL dfcf]jfbLåf/f a]kQf kf/L xTof ul/Psf b}n]vsf kqsf/ 8]s]Gb| yfkfsf] zjf]Tvgg\ u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{sf nflu l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] . cfof]usf] kxndf xfn;Dd ;'/IffsdL{åf/f a]kQf kf/L xTof ePsf gf} / ljb|f]xL g]skf dfcf]jfbLåf/f ckx/0f u/L xTof ul/Psf b'O{36gfdf zjf]Tvgg\ ePsf] 5 . cfof]uaf6 zjf]Tvgg\ cj:yfaf/] k|ltj]bg ;d]t k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfn ;/sf/ / tTsfnLg ljb|f]xL g]skf dfcf]jfbLaLr @)^# dª\l;/ % ut] ;DkGg lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] cfof]un] rf/ jif{;Dd lg/Gt/ ¿kdf cg'udg u/]sf] lyof] . cg'udgaf6 k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df ;Demf}tf/t\ b'j} kIfnfO{ dfgj clwsf/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gsf] kfngfsf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z u/L kLl8tsf] Gofosf nflu cfof]un] k|fyldstfsf ;fy sfo{ u/]sf] lyof] .

6 | /0fgLlts of]hgf

;ª\qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf dfgj clwsf/nfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ åGåsf ;dodf ePsf xTof, a]kQf, cfGtl/s lj:yfkg, u}/sfg"gL y'gf, oftgf h:tf 36gfnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy cg';Gwfg tyf cg'udg u¥of] . cfof]un] ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7gsf nflu lg/Gt/ Wofgfsif{0f u/fof] . pQm cfof]u cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08adf]lhd u7g x'g'kg]{, kLl8tsf] ;Nnfxlagf d'2f lkmtf{ lng gkfOg] h:tf ljifox¿df cfof]un] ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] lyof] . kmf}hbf/L 36gfdf cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf d'2fdf ;/sf/n] ljleGg ;dodf d'2f lkmtf{ lng] lg0f{o u/]sfdf cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ sfg"g / dfgjLo sfg"gljk/Lt ePsfn] To;f] gug{ ;/sf/nfO{ ldlt @)^* c;f/ @& ut] cfof]un] ;r]t u/fPsf] lyof] .

@)^$ / @)&) ;fndf ;DkGg ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfaf/] b]zsf krxQ/j6} lhNnfdf lgjf{rgsf] ljleGg r/0fdf cg'udg u/]sf] lyof] . cg'udgkZrft\ dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6df ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg cg'udg k|ltj]bg @)^% / ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg cg'udg k|ltj]bg @)&) k|sfzg ul/of] .

cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxLdf Ps¿ktf, Jofj;flostf / kf/blz{tf sfod ug{sf nflu ljleGg lgb]{lzsf tof/ ePsf 5g\ . h;dWo] dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs;DaGwL dfu{lgb]{lzsf @)^(, ph"/L tyf sf/afxL ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf @)^(, zjf]Tvgg\ dfu{lgb]{lzsf @)^(, dfgj clwsf/ ;xsfo{ tyf ;dGjo;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf @)^(, dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf nflu cg'udg dfu{lgb]{lzsf @)^*, pkef]Qmfsf] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f tyf ;+j4{gsf nflu cg'udg lgb]{lzsf @)^* / sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;t cg'udg lgb]{lzsf @)^& cflb pNn]vgLo /x]sf 5g\ .

cfof]usf] :yfkgfsfnb]lv cf=j= @)&)÷&! sf] cGTo;Dd cWoog, cg'udg, cg';Gwfgsf] cfwf/df g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf ph"/Lpk/ &#& / gLltut ¿kdf $^ l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] 5 .

cfof]usf gLltut l;kmfl/zx¿nfO{ dfgj clwsf/sf ljifout cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGwx¿ cg';f/ juL{s/0f u/L x]bf{ lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf b]lvG5g\M

s_ gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ M

zflGtk"0f{ h'n';df ;xefuL x'g kfpg tyf a6'jf;d]tnfO{ s'6kL6nufot cTolws ansf] k|of]u gug{ cljnDa lgb]{zg x'g Pj+ ;'/IffsdL{åf/f 3fOt] agfOPsf JolQmx¿sf] lgMz'Ns cf}ifwf]krf/sf] tTsfn Joj:yf ug{ cfof]un] tfTsfnLg ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z u/]sf] lyof] . cfof]uaf6 ljleGg ;dodf /fhgLlts bnaf6 ePsf cfGbf]ng / ;ª\s6sfnsf] cj:yfdf :yfgxb tf]sL gh/aGbdf /flvPsf tyf lx/f;tdf /x]sf JolQmsf] dfgj clwsf/ l:yltsf] cg'udg u/L l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] . tTsfnLg ;/sf/n] PkmPd k|;f/0f ;+:yfx¿sf] ;]jf ;Lldt ug]{ u/L ;DalGwt PkmPd /]l8of]x¿sf gfddf hf/L u/]sf] ;"rgfaf6 ljleGg hfgsf/Ld"ns ;fdu|Lx¿ af/] ;';"lrt x'g] xsaf6 cfdgful/s jl~rt /xg' k/]sf] oyfy{k|lt ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f ub}{ ljleGg ;~rf/u[xx¿sf] cg'udg u/L cfdgful/ssf] ;';"lrt x'g] clwsf/ tyf ljrf/ / cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] ;+/If0f ug{ l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] .


v_ cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ M

:jf:Yo, lzIff nufotsf clwsf/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbF+b} b}n]v / hfh/sf]6df x}hfsf] dxfdf/L km}lnPsf] nufotsf 36gfdf cg'udg tyf cg';Gwfg u/L l;kmfl/z ePsf] lyof] .

u_ dlxnf clwsf/ M

dlxnf lj?4 x'g] lx+;fsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] af]S;L k|rngsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 sfg"gsf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ldlt @)^@ j}zfv @& ut] ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ul/of] . ljBdfg sfg"gx¿ af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf dlxnflj?4 x'g] u/]sf b'Jo{jxf/ Pj+ lx+;fsf 36gfnfO{ /f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f ug{ / bf]ifLnfO{ ;hfo ug{ kof{Kt Pj+ k|efjsf/L gx'g'sf ;fy} k|rlnt sfg"gdf To:tf] b'Jo{jxf/ Pj+ lx+;fsf 36gfaf6 kLl8t ePsf] JolQmnfO{ plrt Ifltk"lt{ / k'gM:yfkgfsf] Joj:yf ;DaGwdf s'g} k|fjwfg gePsf] b]lvPsf]n] To; ;DaGwdf cfjZos sfg"gsf] th{'df ug{ / dlxnflj?4 x'g] af]S;Lsf] cf/f]ksf cltl/Qm cGo dfWodaf6 klg lx+;fhGo 36gfx¿ x'g] u/]sfn] dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf lx+;fhGo 36gfx¿sf] /f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f ug{ / bf]ifLpk/ ;hfo ug{ PsLs[t sfg"gsf] th'{df ug{sf nflu l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] .

g]kfndf bfOhf], bx]h tyf ltns k|yfsf] cj:yf ljs/fn /x]sfn] dlxnfdfly lx+;f ePsf] x'Fbf hg r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{, lx+;fdf ;+nUg bf]ifLnfO{ sfg"gL sf/afxL ug{ tyf kLl8tnfO{ plrt Gofo k|bfg ug{ l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] .

3_ afn clwsf/ M

afnaflnsfx¿ zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s ¿kn] ;d]t ljz]if ;+/If0f k|bfg ul/g'kg]{ cj:yfdf /x]sfn] afn >dsf] cGTo, ;8s afnaflnsfsf] Joj:yfkg, ljBfnodf x'g] zf/Ll/s b08 ;hfosf] cGTosf nflu afnclwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg l;kmfl/zx¿ ul/Psf lyP .

ª_ ank"j{s a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/ M

cfof]un] JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ -s;"/ / ;hfo_ P]g, @)^% sf] ljw]osdf s]xL k|fjwfgx¿ ;+zf]wgsf nflu cfjZos ;'emfj g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k7fPsf] lyof] . cfof]un] ljw]ossf ;DaGwdf ljleGg cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGwx¿ tyf g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# / ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] ldlt @)^$ h]7 !* ut]sf] cfb]z;d]tsf] cWoog u/]sf] lyof] . ljw]osnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08cg's"n x'g] u/L kl/dfh{g ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj k7fPsf] lyof] .

r_ ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/ M

ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] b}lgs hLjg ;'ne agfpgsf lglDt pgLx¿sf clwsf/x¿sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu ckfË ;+/If0f tyf sNof0f P]g, @)#( / lgodfjnL, @)%! ;d]tdf Joj:yf ePsf sfg"gL k|fjwfgx¿sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog gePsf ;Gbe{df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf xslxtsf] k|efjsf/L ¿kdf ;+/If0f ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] .

8 | /0fgLlts of]hgf

5_ cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ / ltgsf kl/jf/x¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ M

cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿ / pgLx¿sf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0f ;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw !((), cg'df]bgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf ldlt @)^( dª\l;/ & df l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] lyof] .

cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] pRr:t/Lo 6f]nLn] blIf0f sf]l/of / dn]l;ofsf] e|d0faf6 j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf cfk|jf;L g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿sf] xslxt ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL sfd ug{ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3n] cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGwnfO{ x:tfIf/ / cg'df]bg ug{ u/]sf] l;kmfl/zadf]lhdsf] /fli6«o P]g, sfg"g, gLlt, sfo{of]hgf / cfjZos ;+oGqx¿ th'{df u/L Jojxf/df k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] nfu" ug{ cfof]u g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Wofg cfs[i6 ub{5 eGg] cfof]usf] l;kmfl/z /x]sf] lyof] .

h_ cfGtl/s lj:yfkg M

cfGtl/s lj:yflktsf] uf;, af;, skf; Pj+ lghsf afnaflnsfsf] vfg], a:g] cf}ifwf]krf/ tyf lzIff k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/x¿ k|Tofe"ltsf nflu l;kmfl/z ePsf] lyof] . cfGtl/s ¿kdf lj:yflktx¿ cem};Dd klg 3/ kmls{g ;Sg] jftfj/0f gePsf], g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] sAhf u/]sf 3/hUuf lkmtf{ gu/]sf] eGg] cfof]usf] :ynut cg'udg k|ltj]bgaf6 ;d]t b]lvg cfPsfn] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf, @)^# / ldlt @)^$ k'; @# df ;DkGg ePsf] -g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]skf dfcf]jfbLaLr_ ;Demf}tfadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L sAhf u/]sf] 3/hUuf lkmtf{ ug{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ kq k7fpg] lg0f{o ul/Psf] lyof] .

cfof]udf btf{ ePsf ph"/Ldf cg';Gwfg kZrft\ ul/Psf] l;kmfl/z b]xfoadf]lhd 5g\M

qm= ;+=

cf=j=k|fKt ph"/L ;ª\Vof

s'n l;kmfl/z ;ª\Vof

cGtl/d l;kmfl/z tyf sf/afxL hf/L ;ª\Vof

km5\of}{6 ;ª\Vof

l;kmfl/zaf6 tfd]nL, vf/]hL,

6''ª\UofPsf]hDdf

1 2057÷58 385 2 2 7 9

2 2058÷59 302 5 5 71 76

3 2059÷60 483 14 14 89 103

4 2060÷61 1083 8 8 54 62

5 2061÷62 1782 35 1 34 240 274

6 2062÷63 2331 86 86 621 707

7 2063÷64 1948 0 0 0 0

8 2064÷65 1173 64 9 56 465 521

9 2065÷66 677 80 18 62 558 620

10 2066÷67 403 111 9 110 381 491


11 2067÷68 345 131 10 122 579 701

12 2068÷69 276 100 20 80 379 459

13 2069÷70 219 99 8 91 396 487

14 2070÷71 240 2 2

15 2071÷72 160 132

16 2072÷73 219 182

hDdf 12026 737 75 672 3840 4824Dfflysf] tflnsfcg';f/ cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf hDdf 12026 j6f ph"/Lx¿df cfof]un] u/]sf &#& j6f l;kmfl/zx¿ dWo] &% j6f l;kmfl/zx¿df cGtl/d /fxt tyf cg';Gwfg hf/L /fVg] cGtl/d k|s[ltsf l;kmfl/zx¿ 5g\ eg] 4824 j6f ph"/Lx¿sf] km5\of{}6 ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^#÷^$ df cfof]u kbflwsf/LljxLg cj:yfsf sf/0f s'g} klg l;kmfl/z x'g ;s]sf] lyPg eg] cf=j= @)&)÷&! ;lxt !# dlxgf cfof]u kbflwsf/LljxLg /xg uO{ ph"/L km5\of}{6df afwf k'Ug uPsf] lyof] .

ljifout cfwf/df cfof]uaf6 ePsf l;kmfl/z b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5 M

l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] cf=j=

u}/Goflos xTof

3fOt]

÷s'6k

L6

wDsL

u}/sfg

"gL y

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062÷63 46 10 1 6 2 1 66 1 1 1 1 6 7 2 1 86

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064÷65 25 8 4 4 1 42 1 1 8 2 7 3 64

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066÷67 33 12 2 3 3 53 2 1 7 1 1 16 28 1 1 111

067÷68 68 14 3 2 87 2 3 4 4 2 8 14 3 3 1 131

068÷69 44 15 3 1 63 4 2 8 22 1 100

069÷70 29 19 2 50 9 4 2 6 1 5 12 5 3 1 1 99

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o;}u/L cfof]un] dlxnf clwsf/, afn clwsf/, Ho]i7 gful/s, ckfËtf ePsf JolQm, blnt ;d'bfosf clwsf/ ;+/If0fnfO{ cfˆgf] k|fyldstfdf /fvL cg'udg tyf cg';Gwfg;lxt k|j4{gfTds ultljlw ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . dfgj a]rlavgla?4sf] cleofgdf k|fyldstfsf ;fy cg'udg, cg';Gwfg, 5nkmn, /fo ;'emfj ;ª\sng u/L lgoldt ¿kdf /fli6«o k|ltj]bg k|sfzg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{nfO{ ;+/rgfut ¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg :jf:Yo / lzIff clwsf/sf] sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf cg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . cfof]uaf6 ljz]if u/L ;dfhsf ;LdfGts[t / hf]lvddf /x]sf ;d'bfosf cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL tL clwsf/x¿sf] Jofjxfl/s sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yfaf/]df cg'udg ug{sf nflu kof{Kt vfBfGgsf] clwsf/, cfjf;sf] clwsf/, :jf:Yosf] clwsf/, lzIffsf] clwsf/ / sfd ug{ kfpg] clwsf/sf] cg'udg ;"rsfÍ k|of]ustf{ k'l:tsf, @)^& k|sfzg ePsf] / pQm k'l:tsf /fHosf lgsfo, ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt ;ª\3 ;+:yf / dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs;d]tn] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] ePsf]n] ;f];DaGwL tflnd sfo{qmd;d]t ;~rfng ul/Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

n}ª\lus tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] l;4fGtnfO{ g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] cjnDag u/L /fHosf] x/]sf txdf dlxnf, cflbjf;L, hghflt, cNk;ª\Vos, blnt tyf cGo k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfonfO{ ;dfj]z ug]{ nIo lnPsf] kl/k|]Iodf cfof]uaf6 ;f] nIosf] kl/kfngf eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] lyof] .

@)^% ;fn dª\l;/df ;fs{:t/Lo afn clwsf/;DaGwL If]qLo uf]i7L, @)^^ ;fn c;f/df Pl;of k|zfGt d~rsf] ;xcfof]hgfdf blIf0f Pl;ofnL pkIf]qLo /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o ;+:yfx¿ / dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿ ljifos sfo{zfnf ;~rfng ePsf] lyof] .

b08xLgtfsf] cGTosf nflu cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] /f]d ljwfg cg'df]bg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfof]un] l;kmfl/z u/]sf] lyof] . cfof]usf] ;+of]hsTjdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL cfjlws ;dLIff k|ltj]bg /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u / /fli6«o blnt cfof]usf] ;+o'Qm k|of;df tof/ kf/L ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;ª\3Lo dfgj clwsf/ kl/ifb\df @)^& df3 dlxgfDff k]; u/]sf] lyof] eg] To;sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf;DaGwL dWofjlw k|ltj]bg;d]t k|sfzg u/]sf] lyof].

b]zdf cfGtl/s ;z:q åGåsf] a]nf tTsfnLg ;/sf/af6 hf/L ePsf] cftª\ssf/L tyf ljWj+zfTds sfo{ lgoGq0f tyf ;hfo cWofb]z, @)^@ sf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;f] cWofb]zsf clwsf+z k|fjwfgx¿ g]kfn kIf ePsf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;lGwx¿sf] Joj:yf;Fu aflemPsf] kfOPsf], ;+;b\sf] cg'df]bglagf cWofb]znfO{ k6s k6s hf/L ug'{ ;+ljwfg tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08 k|lts"n b]lvPsf] x'Fbf pQm cWofb]znfO{ tTsfn vf/]h ug{ cfof]uaf6 ;/sf/;dIf @)^# h]7 !* df l;kmfl/z ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] lyof] .

cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf ultljlw ;/sf/L lgsfo, gful/s ;dfh / dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\3;+:yf;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ;dGjo ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . t/fO{df ePsf] dfgj clwsf/sf] pNnª\3gsf


cg'udg, dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| cj:yf, a]kQf ePsfsf] vf]hL sfo{, dfgj clwsf/ / oftgf, n}ª\lus cNk;ª\Vossf clwsf/, lx/f;t / sf/fuf/sf aGbLx¿sf] clwsf/, vfB clwsf/;DaGwL ljljw sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .

l/6 If]qflwsf/af6 dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿ ;DkGg eO{ cfof]u / GofofnoaLr ;xsfo{df j[l4 x'g uO{ k"jf{~rnsf] lj/f6gu/df, dWoklZrd / ;'b"/ klZrdf~rnsf GofofwLzx¿sf nflu wgu9Ldf / klZrdf~rnsf] kf]v/fdf cfof]u / GofofwLz ;dfh;Fusf] ;xsfo{df To; If]qsf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt / lhNnf cbfntsf GofofwLz;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf sfo{zfnf, uf]i7L ;~rfng eP . cbfntaf6 x'g] Goflos lg0f{odf dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifo ;dfj]z ug{ o; k|sf/sf sfo{qmdaf6 yk d2t ldNg uPsf] 5 .

cfof]usf] kxn tyf l;kmfl/zadf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfWolds txsf] kf7\oqmddf dfgj clwsf/ lzIff;DaGwL ljifo ;dfj]z u/L kf7\oqmd th'{df ePsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] 1fg, ;Lk / ;r]tgfsf] cefjsf sf/0fn] /fHosf lgsfox¿af6 dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3g x'g k'u]sfn] /fHoåf/f ;DalGwt lgsfodf dfgj clwsf/ lzIff tyf tflnd ;+oGqsf] cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ / dfgj clwsf/ lzIffnfO{ hg:t/df k'¥ofpg cf}krfl/s tyf cgf}krfl/s lzIffdfkm{t cfjZos gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu cfof]un] cfly{s jif{ @)^#÷)^$ df g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z u/]sf] lyof] .

cfof]usf] l;kmfl/z sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf g]kfn ;/sf/ cf}krfl/s lzIffcGtu{t ljBfno txsf] sIff * ;Dd dfgj clwsf/ lzIff kf7\oqmddf ;dfj]z eO;s]sf] 5 eg] kf7\oqmd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] qmd;Fu} sIff ( / !) df ;d]t dfgj clwsf/ lzIffsf] ljifox¿ ;dfof]hg x'Fb} hfg] s'/f ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 ljleGg ;dodf ul/Psf k|:t'tLs/0f / 5nkmnx¿af6 :ki6 ePsf]] 5 .

cfof]usf ljleGg sfof{nox¿af6 ;'/Iff lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿, ljBfnosf afnaflnsfx¿, lzIfs tyf cleefjsx¿nfO{ ;d]t dfgj clwsf/ lzIff;DaGwL r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rflnt ePsf 5g\ . ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'vx¿;Fu ljleGg r/0fdf a}7s tyf cGtlqm{ofx¿ u/L ;'/Iff lgsfosf tflnd kf7\oqmdx¿df ;d]t dfgj clwsf/sf ljifox¿ ;dfj]z ug{ ;'emfjx¿ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;'/IffsdL{ / lzIfsx¿nfO{ g} nlIft u/L 5'§f5'§} dfgj clwsf/ ;|f]t k'l:tsf @)&) ;d]t k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]uåf/f /fli6«o zflGt ;Dd]ng, ;g\ @))%, afn clwsf/;DaGwL If]qLo ;Dd]ng, ;g\ @))& / dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng, ;g\ @)!@ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

ljsf; / dfgj clwsf/ Psfk;df cGof]Gofl>t / cGt/;DalGwt ljifo ePsf x'gfn] ljsf; lgdf{0f / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff;Fu ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/sdL{;lxtsf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu b]zJofkL ¿kdf ljsf;df dfgj clwsf/d'vL k4lt ljifos tflnd sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ePsf lyP .

cfof]usf] rf}yf] /0fgLlts of]hgf cg'¿k ePsf kl5Nnf] tLg jif{sf] k|j4{gfTds ultljlwx¿nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 M


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^ k|ltj]bg tyf k'l:tsf #& @% !# !( !!& k|]; lj1lKt÷gf]6 ## $$ #* #*÷$& $$÷@(* kqsf/ ;Dd]ng @ $ % !

;du|df x]bf{ ljutsf /0fgLlts of]hgfaf6 lglb{i6 p2]Zoadf]lhd dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf If]qdf sfd sf/afxL ;DkGg u/L cfof]usf] 5lj /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf pRRf agfpg cfof]usf] dxŒjk"0f{ of]ubfg /x]sf] kfOG5 .


cfof]usf] ljBdfg ;fª\u7lgs ;+/rgf, Ifdtf / ;+ljwfg tyf sfg"g k|bQ clwsf/cGtu{t cfˆgf] bfloTjadf]lhd dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / kl/kfngf ug]{ qmddf b]lvPsf ;+:yfsf] ;an kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / hf]lvdsf ;fy} ;+:yfut r'gf}tLsf af/]df lgDgcg';f/ ljj]rgf ul/Psf] 5M

@=! ;an kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / hf]lvd M

s_ ;an kIf M

dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)%# åf/f :yflkt cfof]u g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] kLl8tsf] p2f/ ug]{{, dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3gsf ;DaGwdf cfof]un] u/]sf l;kmfl/z jf lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog gug]{ lgsfo jf JolQmsf] gfd pNnª\3gstf{sf] ¿kdf clen]v ug]{ yk lhDd]jf/L;lxt dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g Pj+ ;Ddfgsf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu :yflkt :jfoQ / :jtGq ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . ;'?sf lbgb]lv g} /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ ;+:yfx¿sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;dGjo ;ldltåf/f ul/g] juL{s/0fdf cfof]unfO{ …sÚ ju{sf] dfGotf k|fKt 5 . cfdgful/ssf] cfof]u;Fusf] kx'Fr lj:tf/sf nflu cfof]un] If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿sf] :yfkgf u/L sfo{;Dkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfˆgf sfd sf/afxL ;xh, k|efjsf/L, kf/bzL{, Jofj;flos / Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu cfof]un] ljleGg gLlt, lgod, lgb]{lzsf h:t} ph"/L tyf sf/afxL;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, pkef]Qmfsf] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf nflu cg'udg dfu{lgb]{lzsf, dfgj clwsf/ ;xsfo{ tyf ;dGjo lgb]{lzsf, sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;t cg'udg lgb]{lzsf cflb hf/L u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] 5 . cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿ cg'ejL tyf ljifout cfwf/df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] tflnd, cWoog, cg'ej xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ . o;n] ;+:yfsf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf ;xhLs/0f NofO{ kl/0ffdd'vL Pj+ k|efjsf/L glthf xfl;n ug{ dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] 5 .

;/sf/n] cfof]usf] cfly{s :jfoQtf;DaGwL cfly{s lgb]{lzsf @)&! nfO{ :jLs[t u/]sf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ cfof]u cfˆgf cfly{s ultljlwx¿ ;~rfng ug{ :jtGq / :jfoQ ePsf] 5 . cfof]un] :yfkgfsfnb]lv xfn;Dd dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljifout ¿kdf tyf ljleGg ljifox¿df vf]h, cWoog, cg'udg / cg';Gwfgsf cfwf/df !** ljljw k|sf/sf k|ltj]bgx¿ k|sfzg u/]sf] 5 . cfof]u tyf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljifodf cWoog, cg';Gwfg Pj+ sfo{ ug]{ JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ o:tf k|sfzgaf6 1fgsf] ;|f]tsf ¿kdf sfd ub{5 . ;fy}, dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g tyf k|rf/k|;f/sf nflu o:fsf] pkof]un] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifo cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, ef}lts ljsf; Pj+ ;fdflhs

Effu –@

;Gbe{ ljZn]if0f


hLjgsf ljleGg cfofd;Fu cGt;{DalGwt x'g] ePsfn] cfof]usf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ klg ljleGg ;/sf/L lgsfo, u}/;/sf/L ;ª\3;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, k];fut ;ª\3;ª\u7g, kLl8t Pj+ cfdgful/s /x]sf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ cfof]un] ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL bfloTj lgjf{x ug]{ qmddf j[xt ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;xof]u k|fKt x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

v_ sdhf]/ kIfM

cfof]un] ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] x}l;otdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| ljsf;df k|efjsf/L sfd ub}{ cfP tfklg o;sf y'k|} ;Lldttf /x]sf 5g\ . sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ kIf eg]sf] dfgj tyf ef}lts ;|f]t ;fwg g} xf] . cfof]udf s"n #)( b/aGbL /x]sf]df xfn !$( sd{rf/Lx¿ dfq ;]jf/t\ 5g\ . kof{Kt sd{rf/Lsf cefjdf cfof]usf] cfˆgf] of]hgf, gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogdf cfzftLt;kmntf k|fKt ug{ sl7gfO{ pTkGg ePsf] 5 . cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{nodf cfjZos ef}lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] sdL /x]sf] Pj+ cfˆg} :yfoL sfof{no ejgsf] pko'Qm Joj:yf 5}g . cfof]usf sfof{noaLr cfGtl/s ;~rf/ cfbfg k|bfg, ;xsfo{, ;dGjo cflb kof{Kt dfqfdf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o;n] ubf{ ;+:yfut sfo{;Dkfbgdf k|lts"n c;/ k'u]sf] 5 .

cfof]un] cfˆgf] /0fgLlts of]hgf, jflif{s sfo{of]hgf, gLlt, sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|efjsf/L ¿kdf / nIoadf]lhd sfd eP gePsf], cfzftLt k|ult xfl;n eP gePsf] hfgsf/L lng lg/Gt/ cg'udg tyf cfjlws d"NofÍg ug'{kg]{df ;f]sf] cefj b]lvG5 . o;n] ubf{ cfof]un] lnPsf] nIocg';f/ ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf] 5 jf 5}g, ck]lIft glthf xfl;n ePsf] 5 jf 5}g, sfo{;Dkfbg k|efjsf/L / kl/0ffdd'vL 9ª\un] ;~rfng ePsf] 5 jf 5}g, ;an kIf jf ;'wfg'{ kg]{ s] s:tf ljifo /x]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/fx¿sf] kof{Kt ljZn]if0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

o; aLrdf, @)^# ;fndf !% dlxgf / @)&) ;fndf !# dlxgf cfof]u kbflwsf/LljxLg /x\of] . o;n] ubf{ cfof]usf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf c;/ k'Ug'sf ;fy} kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg] clwsf/af6 jl~rt /xg' k¥of] . pQm cjlwdf cfof]usf] nIo / of]hgf adf]lhdsf ultljlw ;Dkfbgdf o;n] k|lts"n c;/ k'¥ofPsf sf/0f ck]lIft pknlAw xfl;n x'g sl7gfO{ pTkGg ePsf] lyof] .

u_ cj;/M

;+ljwfgtM cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ cToGt Jofks / dxŒjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f ug]{ qmddf dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3g 36gfsf ph"/L u|x0f ug]{ tyf cg';Gwfg, cg'udg, ;f]wk'5, vf]htnf; h:tf sfo{ ug{ cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] ljlzi6Ls[t clwsf/ k|fKt 5 . cg';Gwfgkl5 k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf nflu ul/Psf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug]{ clwsf/ dfq xf]Og s'g} klg lgsfo, ;+:yf jf JolQmn] cfof]usf] l;kmfl/z sfof{Gjog gu/]df To:tf lgsfo jf JolQmsf] gfd clen]v ug{;Sg] clwsf/;d]t cfof]unfO{ /x]sf] 5 .


kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;~rf/ dfWodåf/f dfgj clwsf/ xgg\\sf 36gfsf] k|sfzg, k|;f/0f tyf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL r]tgf, lzIff, hfgsf/Ld"ns sfo{qmdsf] k|rf/k|;f/df cfPsf] Jofkstfsf sf/0f cfdgful/ssf] dfgj clwsf/k|ltsf] r]tgfdf qmdzM j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ ;/sf/L lgsfo, ;]jf k|bfos tyf sfg"g sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfo dfgj clwsf/k|lt la:tf/} hjfkmb]xL x'g yfn]sf 5g\ eGg] dx;'; x'g yfn]sf] 5 . cfof]uk|lt cfddflg;sf] e/f];f / ljZjf; /xg' cfof]usf nflu cToGt dxŒjk"0f{ cj;/ xf] .

;dfh hlt hlt cfw'lgstf, ;Eotf / ljsf;lt/ nDsb} uPsf] 5 Tolt g} dfgj clwsf/sf] If]q lj:tfl/t x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu dfgj clwsf/ / Jofkf/, dfgj clwsf/ / jftfj/0fLo clwsf/, pkef]Qmf clwsf/, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ / ltgsf kl/jf/sf ;b:osf] clwsf/ h:tf gofF gofF ljifox¿ klg dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf kl/lwj4 aGb} uPsf 5g\ . cfof]usf] :yfkgfsfn ;Fu;Fu} o;sf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf ljsf; / sfo{;Dkfbg ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf o"Pg8LkLnufotsf cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3;+:yfsf] lg/Gt/ ;xof]u x'g' cfof]usf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf nflu /fd|f] cj;/ xf] .

3_ Hff]lvdM

b]zdf ljBdfg /fhgLlts cl:y/tf / nlDabf] ;ª\qmd0fsfnsf sf/0f dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+:yfut ¿kdf ljsf; x'g g;Sbf cem} klg kLl8tx¿n] k"0f{¿kdf Gofo kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;dfhdf b]lvPsf]] b08xLgtfsf] ;+:s[ltn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ljsf;df uDeL/ Jojwfg ylkPsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfg"g Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw, ;Demf}tfx¿sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] cefj b]lvPsf] 5 . cfof]un] u/]sf l;kmfl/zx¿sf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg xfn;Dd klg ;+;b\df 5nkmn x'g g;Sbf dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifon] k|fyldstf kfpg g;s]sf] b]lvG5 .

d'VotM ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx¿df dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gdf b]lvPsf] /fhgLlts O{R5fzlQmsf] sdLn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fdf k|lts"n c;/ k'¥ofPsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf ljifodf ;/sf/, /fhgLlts bn tyf sfg"g sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfon] kof{Kt dfqfdf Wofg glbg], ;+j]bgzLn gx'g] u/]sfn] sltko cj:yfdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifo uf}0f ;d]t x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

@=@ ;+:yfut r'gf}tLM

cfof]udf b/aGbLcg';f/sf] sd{rf/L gePsfn] o;n] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g tyf ;'lglZrt ug]{ ;+j}wflgs lhDd]jf/L k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] jxg ug{ sl7gfO{ pTkGg ePsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ cfof]usf] b}lgs sfo{;Dkfbgdf ;d]t c;/ k'¥ofPsf]] 5 . t;y{ b/aGbL adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/Lsf] kbk"lt{ cljnDa ug'{ cfof]usf] k|d'v k|fyldstf xf] .

cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{nodf cfjZos ef}lts, k|fljlws ;|f]t;fwgsf] sdL


tyf sfof{nosf nflu pko'Qm :yfoL ejg gePsfn] ;+:yfsf] ljsf;df k|lts"n k|efj k'u]sf] 5 . ef}lts ;|f]t;fwgsf] ;d'lrt Joj:yfkg / kl/rfng lagf ;+:yfut sfo{;~rfng r':t, Jojl:yt / lgoldt x'g ;Sb}g . t;y{ cfof]usf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf nflu ;a} sfof{nosf nflu hUufsf] Joj:yfkg u/L :yfoL ejg lgdf{0f ug'{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 .

cfof]un] ;/sf/nfO{ u/]sf] l;kmfl/zsf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs /x]sf] 5}g . cfof]un] cfkm"n] u/]sf l;kmfl/zx¿sf] lg/Gt/ cg'udg u/L ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z sfof{Gjogdf hjfkmb]xL agfpg cfjZos 5 . l;kmfl/zx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf cefjdf dfgj clwsf/ xgg\ ePsf 36gfsf kLl8tx¿n] plrt Ifltk"lt{ tyf Gofo kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ eg] kL8sn] sfg"gL sf/afxLaf6 pGd'lQm kfpg ;Sg] cj:yf 5 . o;n] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf uDeL/ r'gf}tL ylkPsf]] 5 .

cfof]usf] Psn k|of;af6 dfq dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g sfo{ ;Dej b]lvF+b}g . To;sf/0f, ;/sf/L lgsfo, Gofofno, Joj:yflksf ;+;b\, /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;ª\3;+:yf, dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs, kLl8t, ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t ju{nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fusf] cfof]usf] ;dGjo, ;Dks{ / ;xsfo{ cem} ;'b[9 ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{glagf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg lsdfy{ ;Dej 5}g . o;sf nflu u|fdL0f e]usf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ lzIff, :jf:Yo, kf]if0f / cfjf; h:tf clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fdf cfof]un] of]hgfa4 9ª\uaf6 sfd ug'{ h?/L ePsf] 5 .

cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g ug]{ cfˆgf] st{Jo lgjf{x ug]{ qmddf ;LdfGts[t, ljkGg, Ho]i7 gful/s, afnaflnsf, zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s ckfª\utf ePsf JolQm, blnt, u/La ls;fg, lk5l8Psf ju{nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{df Jojxf/tM To;f] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o;n] ubf{ dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf] h'g JolQm jf ;d'bfonfO{ a9L cfjZos /x]sf] 5 ltgLx¿ g} clwsf/af6 jl~rt /x]sf] cj:yf 5 .

dfgj clwsf/sf af/]df 3/3/df ;r]tgf j[l4 ug{ cfof]un] cfˆgf]] ;+:yfut Ifdtfdf lj:tf/ ug'{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 . b"/b/fh;Dd dfgj clwsf/sf sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] ;~rfng ug{ tyf cfdgful/s;Dd cfof]usf] kx'Fr lj:tf/ ug'{ h?/L 5 . o;sf nflu cfof]usf] Ifdtfcg';f/ ;Dks{;"qsf] :yfkgf u/L /fli6«o Pj+ :yfgLo ;~rf/ dfWodsf] k|of]uåf/f dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL lzIff, r]tgf, hfgsf/L, ;"rgfd"ns sfo{qmd jf ;fdu|L 3/3/df k'¥ofpg] /0fgLlt lng'k5{ .


#=! dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] ljZn]if0f M

g]kfnsf] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o k|lta4tf, /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGo ljifout cfof]u, u}/;/sf/L ;ª\3;+:yf Pj+ ;~rf/ dfWodsf k|of;sf sf/0f d'n'sdf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfdf qmlds ;'wf/ x'Fb} uPsf] kfOG5 . ;/sf/n] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g sfo{nfO{ /fli6«o k|fyldstfdf /fvL k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] sfd ug{ dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . g]kfn dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL afO{; cGt/f{li6«o, b'O{ If]qLo ;lGw tyf cGt/f{li6«o >d ;ª\u7g -cfOPncf]_] / h]g]ef dxf;lGw u/L pgGrfnL; j6f ;lGwsf] kIf /fi6« alg;s]sfn] ;/sf/sf] dfgj clwsf/ k|ltsf] k|lta4tf /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o :t/df k|ltlalDjt ePsf] kfOG5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg61df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g, sfg"gL zf;g, ;dfgtf, dlxnf,

afnaflnsf tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] clwsf/ h:tf dfgj clwsf/sf cfwf/e"t ljifox¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/n] hftLo lje]bsf] cGTo tyf blnt ;d'bfosf] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug{ hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5't -s;"/ / ;hfo_ P]g, @)^*sf] th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog, hf]lvddf /x]sf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f;DaGwL dfgj a]rlavg tyf lgoGq0f P]g, @)^$ th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog, dlxnf clwsf/;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;ª\3Lo ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] k|:tfj g+= !#@% / !*@) sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ /0fgLlts sfo{of]hgfsf] th'{df u/]sf] 5 . ljBfno, ljZjljBfno:t/sf kf7\oqmd tyf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/LIffdf dfgj clwsf/sf ljifox¿ qmdzM ;dfj]z ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ljkGg tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] dfgj clwsf/sf] /Iff ug{ nlIft ;d'bfod'vL lgMz'Ns lzIff, :jf:Yo tyf sfg"gL pkrf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3Lo ;x;|fAbL ljsf;sf nIox¿dWo] w]/}h;f] nIo xfl;n ul/;s]sf] jf sltko ug]{ ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . pQm nIocg'¿k lzIff tyf :jf:Yosf clwsf/cGtu{t dft[lzz' d[To'b/df sdL, afnaflnsfsf] k|fylds lzIffdf kx'Fr Pj+ cfly{s clwsf/cGtu{t u/LaL Go"gLs/0f h:tf nIox¿ k|fKt eO;s]sf 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/sf If]qdf ePsf] o; k|sf/sf] ;'wf/n] dfgj clwsf/ lzIff, r]tgf tyf ;+:sf/ ljsf;df dxŒjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 .

o;/L dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfdf qmlds ;'wf/ cfP tfklg ;dli6ut kl/l:ylt k"0f{ ¿kdf ;Gtf]ifhgs eg] 5}g . /fHosf ;a} gful/ssf xs clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrt ug{ ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf ePsf]] l9nfOn] dfgj clwsf/, zflGt axfnL tyf ;ª\qmd0f sfnsf] Joj:yfkgdf

6 bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt

Effu –#

dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf


;xhtf cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . t;y{, cfdgful/ssf] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf nflu hlt;Sbf] l56f] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f x'g' h?/L 5 . dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljleGg ;j]{If0f tyf k|ltj]bgsf cg';f/ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNnª\3gsf 36gfdf ck]lIft ¿kdf sdL cfPsf] kfOFb}g . gful/sn] sfg"gL zf;g tyf zflGt ;'/Iffsf] k"0f{¿kdf dx;'; ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . åGå tyf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf ePsf dfgj clwsf/ xgg\ tyf HofbtLsf 36gfaf6 k|efljt kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg] clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"t x'g ;s]sf]] 5}g . ;dfhdf ljBdfg e|i6frf/n] ;'zf;g, dfgj clwsf/ / ljsf;df k|lts"n c;/ k'¥ofPsf] 5 . sfg"gtM /fHosf ;Dk"0f{ gful/ssf] clwsf/ ;dfg ePtfklg ;a} JolQmn] dof{lbt Pj+ ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf]] 5}g . lnª\u, ju{ / hfthflt cflbsf cfwf/df lje]bhGo ;+:sf/ dfq x}g 5'jf5't h:tf] cdfgjLo ;+:sf/ cem} klg sfod /x]sf] kfOG5 .

dfgj clwsf/sf] dxŒjk"0f{ ljifosf ¿kdf /x]sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ cfdgful/s u/LaL, a]/f]huf/Lsf] cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/åf/f cToGt u/LaLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf dflg;sf nflu lgMz'Ns lzIff, :jf:Yof]krf/ k|bfg ug]{ gLltsf] Jofjxfl/s¿kdf sfof{Gjog ePsf] kfOFb}g . ljkGg ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿ :jf:Yof]krf/sf] cefjdf ;fdfGo /f]usf] ;d]t pkrf/ kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\\ . u|fdL0f e]udf kof{Kt :jf:Yo rf}sL, c:ktfn Pj+ cfjZos cf}ifwL pkrf/sf] Joj:yf gePsf] dfq x}g ePsf :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;d]t b/aGbLcg';f/sf] lrlsT;s Pj+ :jf:YosdL{ g/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . cem} klg cfdgful/s vfBfGg, :jR5 Pj+ :j:Yo vfg]kfgL tyf cfjf; h:tf cfwf/e"t clwsf/af6 jl~rt 5g\ . vfB ;'/Iffsf] kx'Fr gePsf sf/0f b'u{d :yfgdf /x]sf pNn]Vo hg;ª\Vofn] Go"gtd\\ kf]if0f pkef]u ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ .

/fHon] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ g;s]sfn] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gdf ck]lIft ;kmntf k|fKt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;8s afnaflnsf, afn>ldssf ;fy} cf];f/k;f/, a]rlavg tyf of}g lx+;fdf k/]sf afnaflnsf Pj+ lzIff / :jf:Yosf] cj;/af6 jl~rt ePsf afnaflnsfsf] dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ xgg\ ePsf] 5 . dlxnflj?4 x'g] u/]sf ljleGg k|sf/sf lx+;fsf sf/0f pgLx¿sf] :jtGqtfk"j{s afFRg kfpg] clwsf/sf] xgg\ ePsf] kfOG5 . dlxnf dfly x'g] anfTsf/ h:tf] qm"/ cdfgjLo ck/fw lbgfg'lbg eO/x]sf] 5 . ;dfhdf dlxnfdfly x'g] u/]sf 3/]n' lx+;f, bfOhf], ltns, bx]hsf sf/0f x'g] xTof, lx+;f, slyt af]S;Lsf gfddf x'g] xTof, cdfgjLo Jojxf/ Pj+ 5fpk8L / em'df h:tf s'k|yf sfod} /x]sf 5g\ .

dfgj clwsf/sf] cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08adf]lhd >ldsx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uPsf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf]] >d zf]if0f, hf]lvdo'Qm cj:yfdf /x]/ sfd ug'{ k/]sf] cj:yf cflbsf sf/0fn] pgLx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] xgg\ ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

s[lifk|wfg b]zdf ls;fgsf clwsf/ pkef]usf] cj:yf bogLo /x]sf] tyf pgLx¿sf clwsf/k|lt


/fHosf] kof{Kt Wofg k'u]sf] b]lvFb}g . ls;fgnfO{ s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos l;+rfO{, dn, laplahg, pGgt k|ljlw, oftfoftsf] kx'Fr, ahf/ / plRft d"Nosf] cefj /x]sf] cj:yf 5 .

;fdflhs Gofo tyf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf ljifonfO{ ;/sf/L tj/af6} ;Daf]wg ug]{ k|of; x'g' dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[lt lgdf{0fsf nflu ;/fxgLo ljifo xf] . tyflk Ho]i7 gful/s, ckfËtf ePsf JolQm, ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{, u/La, dhb"/, ls;fgsf] dfgj clwsf/ pkef]usf] cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs /x]sf] 5}g . /fHoåf/f pQm ;d'bfosf] xs clwsf/ ;+/If0ffy{ ljleGg gLlt, of]hgf th'{df u/L ;]jf, ;'ljwf, cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/Ptf klg k|efjsf/L ¿kdf sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ckfËd}qL ;8s, af6f]3f6f], ljBfno, c:ktfn, sfof{no cflbsf] cefjdf ;f] ;d'bfosf] cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lxdfnL e]u tyf b'u{d If]qdf /x]sf ljkGg Pj+ lk5l8Psf dflg;sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| cj:yf cToGt gfh's /x]sf] 5 .

To;} u/L pkef]Qmfn] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] pkef]u ;xh ¿kdf ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . cfdgful/sn] b}lgs hLjgdf pkef]u ug]{ j:t'x¿df x'g] u/]sf] ld;fj6, /;fogsf] k|of]u / To;n] dfgj :jf:Yodf kg{ ;Sg] c;/sf sf/0f dflg;sf] :jf:Yo;DaGwL clwsf/ u'Dg ;Sg] vt/f ljBdfg 5 . pgLx¿ d"No;"rL gePsf], gfktf}ndf sdL ePsf], k|of]usf] Dofb xb u'h|]sf], u'0f:t/xLg Pj+ ld;fj6o'Qm vfBfGg, j:t' jf ;fdu|L pkef]u ug{ ljjz x'g'n] pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/sf] xgg\ ePsf] kfOG5 .

cJojl:yt zx/Ls/0f, jghª\un km8fgL, ljiffbL cf}iflwsf] k|of]u, ;/;kmfO{k|lt dflg;df /x]sf] hgr]tgfsf] sdL, hnjfo' kl/jt{g, jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf nflu k|efjsf/L sfg"gsf] sfof{Gjogsf cefjdf d'n'ssf] jftfj/0fLo cj:yfdf qmdzM x|f; cfpFb} hfg'n] lbuf] ljsf;, jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng / dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf yk r'gf}tL ylkPsf] 5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k Pj+ cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf /x]sf dflg;sf] hLjg, ;'/Iff, vfBfGg, cfjf; h:tf cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f kof{Kt dfqfdf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

;dfhdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ljsf; ug{ lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfBfGg, cfjf;, vfg]kfgL, pBf]u Jofkf/, /f]huf/, ljsf; lgdf{0f cflb ;a}df dfgj clwsf/sf] cjwf/0ffcg'¿k sfo{ ug'{ h?/L ePsf] 5 . ljsf;nfO{ dfgj clwsf/;Fu hf]8\b} dfgj clwsf/d'vL ljsf; cjwf/0ffsf] sfof{Gjog ug'{ clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] . dfgj clwsf/ / ljsf;sf cjwf/0ffnfO{ d"t{ ¿k lbg lj1fg, k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf of]hgfdf ;d]t dfgj clwsf/sf ljifonfO{ ;d]6\g' h?/L 5 .

;ª\If]kdf, dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| cj:yf gful/sn] cg'e"t ug{;Sg] vfnsf] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[lt lgdf{0fsf nflu clwsf/ pkef]u ;Fu;Fu} JolQmn] cfˆgf] sQ{Jo klg kfngf ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . clwsf/ / sQ{Jo Ps csf{sf kl/k"/s eP klg gful/sn] cfˆgf]] dfgjLo, kfl/jfl/s, ;fdflhs / /fHok|ltsf] bfloTjadf]lhd lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{ g;Sbf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL lgod, sfg"gsf] sfof{Gjog h'g ¿kdf x'g'kg]{ xf] ;f]cg'¿k x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .


#=@ k|fyldstfsf ljifox¿ M

cfof]un] d'n'ssf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] ;du| ljZn]if0f, cfof]usf cfˆgf ;an kIf, sdhf]/ kIf, cj;/ / hf]lvd Pj+ ;+:yfut r'gf}tLsf] ;dLIffsf cfwf/df dfgj clwsf/sf lgDg ljifox¿nfO{ o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|fyldstfsf ljifosf ¿kdf klxrfg u/]sf] 5M

!= cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf cltl/Qm gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/,

@= dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfg"g Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw, ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog,

#= cfof]usf] l;kmfl/zsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog,

$= dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug{ 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL r]tgf, lzIff,

%= ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t Pj+ k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fdf k|fyldsLs/0f,

^= afnaflnsf, dlxnf, Ho]i7 gful/s, blnt, c;xfo, ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf/sf] /Iff,

&= cfof]usf] kx'Fr lj:tf/, ;+:Yffut ;'b[9Ls/0f / dfgj ;+zfwg Joj:yfkg,

*= cfGtl/s Pj+ jfXo ;dGjo, ;Dks{ / ;xsfo{sf] ;'b[9Ls/0f,

(= cfof]usf] cg'udg, cg';Gwfg tyf sfo{;Dkfbg k|0ffnLsf] ;anLs/0f .


o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf b"/b[li6, Wo]o, nIo, d"No, dfGotf lgDgadf]lhd /x]sf 5g\M

$=! b"/b[li6 M ;a}sf nflu 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/sf] d"n dd{nfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ oxL g} zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/

xf] eGg] dfGotfsf ;fy dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug]{ .

$=@ Wo]o M ljZjJofkL ¿kdf cfTd;ft\ ul/Psf dfgj clwsf/sf l;4fGt, d"No dfGotfnfO{ cjnDag ub}{

:jtGq, lgikI.,ljZj;gLo tyf g]t[TjbfoL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf cfof]u /xg]5 .

$=# nIo M dfgj clwsf/d}qL jftfj/0f lgdf{0fdfkm{t;a}n] cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt clwsf/sf] lgaf{w pkef]u ug{

kfpg] l:ylt lgdf{0f ug]{.

$=$ d"No dfGotf M cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f tyf ;+j4{g ug]{ k|d'v st{Jo lgjf{x ug]{ qmddf b]xfosf d"No

dfGotfx¿sf] k"0f{ ¿kdf kfngf ug]{5 M

s_ kxF'r M

;]jfu|fxLnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ;]jfx¿ cfdgful/s ljz]if u/L cToGt ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t / hf]lvd cj:yfdf /x]sf JolQm jf ;d'bfosf nflu ;xh kxF'r pknAw u/fpg cfof]u lqmofzLn /xg] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ xgg\sf cToflws 36gfx¿df cg'udg tyf cg';Gwfgsf nflu cfˆgf] pkl:ylt hgfpg]5 . cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cfˆgf] ;]jf, ;"rgf k|jfx, sd Jooef/ cflbsf cfwf/df cfdgful/ssf] kx'Frsf nflu sfd ug]{5 eg] k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] xs / lxtdf ljz]if Wofg lbg]5 . cfdgful/s;Fusf] kx'Fr lj:tf/ ug{ cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/ k|j4{gfTds ;fdu|Lx¿ ljleGg /fi6« efiffdf k|sfzg / ljt/0f ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 .

v_ ;dfgtf / Gofo M

;a} k|sf/sf dfgj clwsf/ ;a}sf nflu ;dfg ?kdf ;'lglZrt x'g] s'/fnfO{ b[li6ut ub}{ cfof]un] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{5 . ;dfhdf ;a} vfn] e]befjsf] pGd"ng tyf sfg"gsf b[li6df ;a} gful/s ;dfg /xg] ePsfn] zf]if0fsf] cGTo x'g'kg]{ cfof]usf] dfGotf /lxcfPsf] 5 . cfof]un] cfkm\gf lqmofsnfkx¿df ;dfg cj;/sf] k|j4{gsf nflu k|of;/t\ /xg] 5 . ;dtf g} ;dfgtfsf] dx;'; u/fpg] dxŒjk"0f{ af6f] xf] . t;y{, cfof]un] n}ª\lus tyf ;fdflhs

Effu –$

/0fgLlts p2]Zo / cjwf/0ff


;+j4{g;DaGwL sfdnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg]5 /;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fnfO{ clej[l4 ug{ hf]8 lbg]5 . lje]bk"0f{ gLlt, lgod tyf sfg"gsf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L kl/dfh{g ug{sf nflu cfof]u ;b}j lqmofzLn /xg]5 .

u_ hjfkmb]lxtf M

cfof]u cfdgful/sk|lt cfˆgf] pQ/bfloTj axg ug]{ s'/fdf ;r]i6 /xg]5 . o;sf] ljZj;gLotf / ;kmntf o;n] axg ug]{ pQ/bfloTjdf lge{/ /xg]5 . cfof]un] hjfkmb]lxtfcGtu{t o; åf/f ;Dkflbt ePsf sfdsf] cfjlws k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ / b]zsf ;a} If]qdf Jofks ¿kdf ljt/0f ug]{5 . cfdgful/ssf] dfu tyf cfjZostfcg';f/ cfof]usf] e"ldsf tyf bfloTjsf ljifodf ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{sf] cfof]hgf ug]{5 . o;sf ;fy} ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfgcg'¿k cfof]un] cfˆgf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt;dIf a'emfpg]5 .

3_ lgikIftf M

cfof]usf] k|efjsf/L sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu lgikIftf g} d'Vo cfwf/ xf] . cfof]u lnª\u, hflt, cf:yf, ljrf/, cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs cj:yfnufotsf cGo s'g} klg cfwf/df s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfdfly k"jf{u|x /fVg] s'/faf6 d'Qm /xg]5 . o;sf of]hgf sfof{Gjog, cg'udg tyf lg0f{o k|lqmofsf ;a} r/0fx¿df lgikIftf / :jR5tf sfod /fVg]5 .

ª_ :jtGqtf / :jfoQtf M

cfof]u cfˆgf] :jtGqtf / :jfoQtf sfod /fVg tyf o;sf] clej[l4 ug{ b[9 ;ª\slNkt /xg]5 . :jtGqtf / :jfoQtfsf] ljz]iftf dfgj clwsf/sf] hu]gf{, k|j4{g tyf b08xLgtf ;F:s[ltsf] cGTosf nflu ;'lglZrttf x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf cfof]u ;+j]bgzLn /x]sf] 5 . cfof]u cfˆgf] sQ{Jo kfngf ug]{ qmddf s'g} klg JolQm, lgsfo jf ;ª\3;+:yfsf] k|efj jf bafaaf6 k"0f{¿kdf d'Qm /xg]5 . kf/bzL{, Gofok"0f{ tyf lgikIf sfo{;Dkfbg ug]{ k|d'v cfwf/sf ¿kdf cfof]usf] :jtGqtf / :jfoQtf /xg]5 .

r_ kf/blz{tf M

gful/ssf ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf cljnDa ;"rgf kfpg] xs Pjd\ cfof]usf] ;xL ;"rgf lbg] st{Jo /xg] s'/f gLltsf] ¿kdf cËLsf/ u/L cfof]un] kf/blz{tf / ;"rgfsf] xsnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{5 . ;fy} cfof]u 5fkf jf ljB'tLonufotsf ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 cfof]uåf/f ul/Psf lg0f{o, ultljlw / k|d'v gLltx¿;DaGwL ;"rgf kf/bzL{ ¿kdf k|sfzg, k|;f/0f ug{ k|lta4 /xg]5 .

5_ ;xeflutf / ;dfj]zLs/0f M

;j{;fwf/0fx¿sf] rf;f]sf ljifox¿df gful/ssf] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kdf ;xeflutfnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ cfof]usf] gLlt /x]sf] 5 . gful/ssf] a9\bf] ;xeflutfdf ljz]ifu/L cfof]usf] e"ldsf / sfo{x¿k|lt ckgTj af]w u/fpg] s'/fdf cfof]u s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 . o;af6 ;~rfng ul/g] ultljlwdf ;dfhsf x/]s ju{sf] ;xeflutfsf nflu k|lta4 /x]sf] 5 . ;dfhsf


ljkGg tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts clwsf/ Pj+ ljsf;sf k|lqmofdf ;xeflutfsf nflu cfof]un] ljz]if Wofg lbg]5 .

h_ ljljwtfsf] ;Ddfg M

cfof]u ;dfhsf ;a} hfthflt, efiffefifL, lnª\u, ju{, If]q, ;d'bfosf] ;dfg ¿kdf ;Ddfg ub{5 . cfof]usf] gLlt lgdf{0f, of]hgf / sfo{qmd k|lqmofdf ljljwtfo'Qm ljifox¿nfO{ ;w}+ Wofgdf /fvL sfd ug]{5 .

$=% /0fgLlts p2]Zo M

cfof]usf] cfkm\gf] nIo k|fKt ug{sf nflu cfufdL ̂ jifL{o /0fgLlts p2]Zox¿ lgDgadf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ M

!= dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3g 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg tyf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] cg'udg ug]{],

@= dfgj clwsf/ k|j4{gsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f ug]{,

#= ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t Pj+ k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug]{,

$= cfof]usf] kxF'r lj:tf/, k|efjsfl/tf ;'b[9Ls/0f Pj+ ;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{ .

/0fgLlts p2]Zo != dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3g 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg tyf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] cg'udg ug]{]

/0fgLlts k|ltkmnM

!=! ph"/L cg';Gwfg / Joj:yfkg k|lqmof kx'Frof]Uo / r':t x'g],

!=@ cfof]usf] l;kmfl/z sfof{Gjogdf a[l4 x'g],

!=# åGåsfnLg 36gfsf kLl8tn]] Gofo kfpg] clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"t x'g],

!=$ dfgj clwsf/ cg'udg k|0ffnLsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f x'g] .

!=%M e"sDknufot k|fs[lts k|sf]k k|efljtx¿sf] cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f x'g] .71

/0fgLlts p2]Zo @= dfgj clwsf/ k|j4{gsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f ug]{

/0fgLlts k|ltkmnM

@=! ;/f]sf/jfnfdf dfgj clwsf/ lzIff k|jl4{t x'g],

@=@ljBfno kf7\oqmddf dfgj clwsf/ lzIff nfu" ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] x'g],

@=# dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL r]tgf, lzIff tyf hfgsf/L 3/3/df k'Ug] .

@=$ e"sDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]k k|efljtx¿sf] clwsf/ ;+jl4{t x'g] .82

7 Kflxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .8 Kflxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


/0fgLlts p2]Zo #= ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t Pj+ k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug]{

/0fgLlts k|ltkmnM

#=! ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t Pj+ k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf dfgj clwsf/ pkef]usf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f x'g],

#=@ ls;fg, dhb"'/, ljkGg, ;LdfGts[t / k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf] clwsf/sf af/]df r]tgf hfu[t x'g]],

#=# /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog x'g] .

/0fgLlts p2]Zo $= cfof]usf] kxF'r lj:tf/, k|efjsfl/tf ;'b[9Ls/0f Pj+ ;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{

/0fgLlts k|ltkmn M

$=! cfof]udf dfgj ;+;fwgsf] Joj:yfkg x'g],

$=@ cfof]usf sfof{nox¿ Eff}lts ;|f]t ;fwg ;'ljwfo'Qm x'g],

$=#;+:yfut sfo{;Dkfbg k|0ffnL ;'b[9 x'g] .

$=^ k|d'v /0fgLlts cjwf/0ff M

cfof]un] o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog u/L p2]Zo xfl;n ug{sf nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf ljleGg /0fgLlts cjwf/0ffsf] cjnDag u/L sfo{;Dkfbg ug]{5M

$=^=!= ;dGjo, ;xsfo{, ;~hfnLs/0f / ;fem]bf/L M

cfof]un] /0fgLlts nIo k|fKt ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/cGtu{tsf ;/sf/L lgsfox¿, ljleGg cfof]ux¿, lghfdtL sd{rf/L, ;'/Iff lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/sf If]qdf lqmofzLn u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ ;Fu dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{gnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu ;dGjo, ;xsfo{, ;~hfnLs/0f / ;fem]bf/L ug]{5 . ;fy}, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o Pj+ If]qLo ;ª\3;+:yf, ljsf; ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf cflb;Fu klg ;dGjofTds ¿kdf sfd ug]{5 . dfgj clwsf/ ;xsfo{ tyf ;dGjo;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf @)^(, sf] cfwf/df ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ tyf ;fem]bf/Lsf] gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5 .

$=^=@= ;~rf/ / ;"rgf k|0ffnL M

cfof]un] cfˆgf s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿ / ljefu, dxfzfvf, zfvf tyf OsfOx¿ aLr cfGtl/s ;~rf/ k|0ffnLnfO{ r':t agfpg]5 . cfof]usf If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿df ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ ;xh agfpgsf nflu pQm sfof{nox¿ / s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaLr >Jo–b[io ;Dd]ng ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ldnfpg]5 . dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ultljlw k|sfzg Pj+ k|;f/0fof]Uo ;fdu|Lx¿nfO{ ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] pkof]u u/L Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . o;sf ;fy}, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL k|j4{gfTds ;fdu|L cfdgful/s;Dd k'¥ofpgsf nflu ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|0ffnLsf] clwstd\ k|of]u ul/g]5 .


$=^=#= sfo{ ;/ntf / :ki6tf M

cfof]uaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g] sfo{nfO{ r':t, 5l/tf], ;/n, :ki6 / Jojl:yt agfpg sfo{;~rfng sfo{ljlw -:6\of088{ ck/]l6ª k|f]l;8\o'/_sf] cjnDag ul/g]5 . cfof]usf sfd sf/afxL kf/bzL{ Pj+ hjfkmb]xL agfOg]5 .

$=^=$= d]nldnfk M

ljjfbsf] j}slNks ;dfwfgsf pkfo ljZjJofkL ¿kdf k|rlnt x'Fb} uO/x]sf] kl/k|]Iodf / dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3gsf ljifodf ;d]t d]nldnfk k4ltåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg ul/g] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o ;+:yfx¿sf] c;n cEof; /lxcfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf] df}h'bf P]g, lgod / lgb]{lzsfdf ;d]t ljjfbsf kIfx¿aLr d]nldnfk u/fpg ;Sg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . d]nldnfk k4ltaf6 ljjfb ;dfwfg ubf{ sd vr{df ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsg], ljjfbsf kIfaLr ;'dw'/ ;fdflhs ;b\efj sfod /fVg d2t k'Ug] h:tf sf/0fn] o;sf]] 5'§} dxŒj /x]sf] 5 . ctM sfg"gadf]lhd d]nldnfk x'g;Sg] ljifox¿df ;f]xL cjwf/0ffsf] pkof]u ul/g]5 .

$=^=%= cfGtl/s cg'udg M

cfof]un] o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog u/L jfl~5t pknlAw xfl;n Pj+ nIo k|flKt ug{ cfˆgf sfo{qmdx¿sf] sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf lg/Gt/ ¿kdf cg'udg ug]{5 . /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nIocg'¿k sfd eP jf gePsf], ck]lIft glthf k|fKt eP jf gePsf], ;fwg;|f]tsf] ;d'lrt k|of]u eP jf gePsf] cflbsf af/]df hfgsf/L lng lg/Gt/ ¿kdf cg'udg u/L sfo{k|ultsf] ;dLIff ul/g]5 .

$=^=^= cg';Gwfgd"ns sfo{ M

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f tyf k|j4{gfTds sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf ;~rfng u/L kLl8tnfO{ Gofo k|bfg ug{sf nflu vf]hd"ns cWoog cg';Gwfg ul/g]5 . dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt cfd;/f]sf/sf ljleGg ljifox¿df cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf vf]h u/L dfgj clwsf/ pkef]usf] jf:tlas cj:yfsf af/]df k|ltj]bg k|sfzg ul/g]5 . cfof]un] klxrfg u/]sf ljifox¿df k|fyldstfsf cfwf/df cg';Gwfg u/L k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df cfjZostfg';f/ gLltut ;'wf/sf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ul/g]5 .

$=^=&= tflnd M

cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/sf lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, Goflos lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, kqsf/, lzIfs, u|fdL0f ;fdflhs kl/rfns, :jf:Yo :jo+;]jL, k];fut ;ª\3;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿;d]tnfO{ dfgjclwsf/ lzIff / r]tgf;DaGwL cfwf/e"t tflnd k|bfg ug]{5 . /fHosf lgsfoåf/f ;~rflnt sfo{qmdx¿df dfgj clwsf/sf ljifox¿nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L


k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tflndsf] dfWodåf/f dfgj clwsf/sf ljifonfO{ u|fdL0f tx;Dd lj:tf/ ul/g]5 . ;fy}, /fHosf lgsfosf ;]jfk|bfos tyf clwsf/ jfxsdf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL lzIff, r]tgf tyf cled'vLs/0f tflnd ;~rfng u/L dfgj clwsf/sf] k|j4{gdf of]ubfg k'¥ofOg]5 .

$=^=*= l;kmfl/z M

cfof]usf] ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL bfloTjadf]lhd dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f ug]{ dxŒjk"0f{ dfWodsf ¿kdf l;kmfl/zsf] pkof]u ul/g]5 . cfof]udf btf{ ePsf dfgj clwsf/ xgg\\ 36gfsf ph"/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg u/L tYosf cfwf/df bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL tyf kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ / Gofo lbnfpg ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug]{ sfd cfof]usf] k|fyldstfdf /xg]5 . dfgj clwsf/;Ddt gePsf ljBdfg gLlt lgoddf ;'wf/ jf cfjZostf cg';f/ gofF lgdf{0f ug{ klg ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug]{5 . ;fy} dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g;DaGwL Joj:yf ug{, dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{, kLl8tsf] ;+/If0f ug{ klg ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug]{5 . cfof]un] l;kmfl/zsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ l;kmfl/z sfof{Gjog ;ldlt u7g u/L sfof{Gjog cj:yfsf ;DaGwdf lg/Gt/ cg'udg ug]{5 .

$=^=(= ;+jfb, jsfnt, cGtlq{mof M

Dffgj clwsf/ ;+j4{gsf nflu cfof]un] k|fyldstf tf]s]sf] ljljw ljifodf ;/f]sf/jfnf kIf;Fu cGtlq{mof, sfo{zfnf, 5nkmn / ;+jfb sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug]{5 . dfgj clwsf/sf ljleGg ljifo klxrfg ug{ ;/sf/sf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu gLlt lgdf{0f ug{, sfo{of]hgf th{'df ug{, ljBdfg sfg"gsf] ;+zf]wg tyf gofF gLlt tyf lgod tof/ ug{, ;"rgf, ;Gb]z ;Dk]|if0f ug{ b]zsf ljleGg efudf /x]sf ;~rf/ dfWod;Fu ;xsfo{ ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 . cfof]un] k|fl1s lgsfo, ljZjljBfnosf lj1 tyf gLlt lgdf{tf, of]hgfljb\, lzIffljb\, sfg"gljb\ cflb ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu cfjZostfcg';f/ ;+jfb / cGtlqm{of ug]{5 .

dfgj clwsf/ k|j4{g gLlt lgdf{0f / sfo{qmd th'{df ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf, Goflos tyf c4{Goflos lgsfosf clwsf/L tyf k|ltlglwx¿;Fu o; /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog ug{ jsfnt ul/g]5 .


%=! /0fgLlts of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] tl/sf M

cfof]usf] o; /0fgLlts of]hgfcg'¿k ljleGg ljefu, dxfzfvf, If]qLo / pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿n] cf–cfˆgf] sfof{b]z / k|fyldstfnfO{ Wofg lbFb} ^ jif{df ul/g] sfo{sf nflu 5'§f5'§} sfo{of]hgf tof/ ug]{5g\ . cfof]usf ;DalGwt ljefu, dxfzfvf, If]qLo, pkIf]qLo sfof{nosf sd{rf/L;lxt cfjZostfcg';f/ cfof]usf ;fem]bf/ ;ª\3;+:yfx¿;Fu ldn]/ sfo{of]hgf tof/ x'g]5 . sfo{of]hgfdf If]qLo / lhNnf:t/sf dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstfnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/g]5 . /0fgLlts of]hgf / sfo{of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog / Ps¿ktfsf nflu cfof]usf] gLlt cg';Gwfg / of]hgf dxfzfvfn] s]Gb|Lo / If]qLo:t/df uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ug{]5 .

cfof]usf] /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf cfjlws ¿kdf x/]s b'O{ jif{df k'g/fjnf]sg ;dLIff ul/g]5 . /0fgLlts of]hgfn] lglb{i6 u/]cg'¿k jflif{s sfo{qmd of]hgfadf]lhd sfof{Gjg eP gePsf ;DaGwdf k|To]s rf}dfl;sdf k'g/fjnf]sg;lxt ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] pkfo kQf nufO{ To;sf] sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . cfof]usf ljefu, dxfzfvf, If]qLo / pkIf]qLo sfof{non] ;d]t cfcfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/Ladf]lhd sfo{qmd ;~rfng eP÷gePsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{5g\ . /0fgLlts sfo{of]hgfcg'?k sfo{qmd ;~rfng eP÷gePsf] k/fdz{ tyf ;'emfj lbg cfof]usf cWoIfn] tf]s]sf] ;b:osf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;dGjo tyf ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf] u7g ul/g]5 . ;f] ;ldltdf /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u, /fli6«o blnt cfof]u, /fli6«o d'l:nd cfof]u, /fli6«o ;dfj]zL cfof]u, cflbjf;L hghflt cfof]u, dw]zL cfof]u, yf? cfof]u, cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o k|lti7fg / s]Gb|Lo afn sNof0f ;ldltsf cWoIf jf cWoIfx¿nfO{ cg's"n gk/] lghn] tf]s]sf] Ps hgf kbflwsf/L jf ;b:o o; ;ldltdf /xg]5g\ . ;ldltsf] a}7s pkl:yt eP ;Ddsf ;b:ox¿af6 ;+rflnt eO{ cfjZos lg0f{o ul/g]5 .91 gLlt cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvfn] ;lrjfnosf] sfd ug]{5 . pQm ;ldltn] /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] cg'udg ug]{ / /0fgLlts of]hgfadf]lhd sfd ug{ nufpg]5 . o;sf cnfjf, cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg vfsfdf plNnlvt ck]lIft glthfadf]lhd k|ltkmn k|fKt eP jf gePsf], cfof]usf ultljlwx¿ p2]Zocg'¿k ;~rfng eP jf gePsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg ;"rssf af/]df lgoldt ¿kdf cg'udg ug]{ sfd ;lrjfnon] ug]{5 . ;"rssf] cj:yfsf af/]df klxrfg ug{ cfjZos cWoog, cg'udg, cg';Gwfg, :ynut e|d0f, tYofª\s ;ª\sng tyf cg'udg k|ltj]bg n]vgsf] ;+of]hg klg ;lrjfnon] ug]{5 .

cfof]un] cfˆgf] /0fgLlts of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu :jLs[t b/aGbLadf]lhd cfof]udf sfo{/t\\ sd{rf/Lsf] Joj:yfkg;lxt kbk"lt{ ug]{5 . xfn cfof]udf ljBdfg b/aGbLadf]lhd cfof]usf]

9 bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

Effu – %

/0fgLlts of]hgf sfof{Gjog


s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf ljefu $, dxfzfvf (, If]qLo sfof{no %, pkIf]qLo sfof{no # /x]sf 5g\ . s]Gb|Lo sfof{nocGtu{t k|zf;g, ljQ, gLlt tyf of]hgf ljefu, sfg"g, cg';Gwfg / cg'udg ljefu, k|j4{g jsfnt tyf ;fd"lxs clwsf/ ljefu / ;dGjo ljefu /x]sf 5g\ . ljefucGtu{t gLlt cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf, k|zf;g dxfzfvf, cfly{s Joj:yfkg dxfzfvf, sfg"g dxfzfvf, cg';Gwfg dxfzfvf, cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw cg'udg dxfzfvf, ;fd"lxs clwsf/ dxfzfvf, n}ª\lus tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f dxfzfvf, k|j4{g tyf jsfnt dxfzfvf, cGt/f{li6«o 8]:s, If]qLo sfof{no ;dGjo zfvf, clen]v tyf dfgj clwsf/ ;|f]t s]Gb|, k|ltj]bg PsfO, ;"rgf k|ljlw PsfO /x]sf 5g\ .

ljBdfgdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf ljefu, dxfzfvf Pj+ zfvfx¿sf] sfof{b]z;lxt dfgj clwsf/sf] gjLgtd\\ cjwf/0ff / cfjZostfcg';f/ /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o kl/k|]Iocg';f/ ;fª\u7lgs ;+/rgfsf] k'g;{+/rgf ul/g]5 .

%=@ hf]lvd / Go"gLs/0fsf pkfo

Hff]lvd k|sf/ k|efj Go"gLs/0fsf pkfo

Dffgj clwsf/ ;Fu ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ ;Fusf] ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df sdL

/0fgLlts÷ ;+:yfut

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g sfo{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] Jofks ;xeflutf / ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ lagf cfof]usf] Psn k|of;df c;Dej k|foM x'g hfG5 .

dfgj clwsf/ ;xsfo{ tyf ;dGjo ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^( sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog u/L ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu cfof]usf] ;dGjo, ;Dks{, ;xsfo{ ;'b[9 ul/g]5 .

cfof]udf sd{rf/L Joj:yfkgdf l9nfO

;+:yfuthgzlQm Joj:yfkg / ;'/Iffsf cefjdf cfof]usf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf c;/ kg{ hfG5 .

cfof]udf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 .

/fhgLlts cl:y/tf / ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg cj:yf

/fhgLlts

/fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf sf/0f ;/sf/n] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL bfloTj k"0f{ ¿kdf k"/f ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf cfpg ;S5 .

;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿;Fu ;xsfo{ u/L ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ dfgj clwsf/k|lt hjfkmb]xL agfOg]5 .

Dffgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o sfg"g Pj+ g]kfn kIf ePsf cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw, ;Demf}tfsf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjogsf] cefj

/fhgLlts

Dffgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog lagf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| cj:yfdf ck]lIft ;'wf/ x'g ;Sb}g .

/fli6«o sfg"g Pj+ g]kfn kIf ePsf cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;lGw, ;Demf}tfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;/sf/L lgsfo;Fu lg/Gt/ cGtlqm{of, 5nkmn ul/g]5 .


;/sf/åf/f cfof]unfO{ ljlgof]lht ah]6sf] ckof{Kttf

cfly{s

cfof]usf] ;+:yfut ljsf;, k|efjsf/L sfo{;Dkfbg, kx'Fr lj:tf/ ug]{ h:tf of]hgfdf k|lts"n c;/ k'Ug hfG5 .

k]l/; l;4fGt adf]lhd cfof]unfO{ rflxg] kof{Kt cfly{s Pj+ ef}lts ;|f]t;fwg Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;/sf/L lgsfo;Fu 5nkmn ul/g]5 .

ljlwsf] zf;gsf] r'gf}tL / b08xLgtf

/fhgLlts

dfgj clwsf/ xgg\ 36gfsf kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg] clwsf/af6 jl~rt x'g] / kL8sn] pGd'lQm kfpg] ;Defjgf /xG5 . o;n] dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[lt lgdf{0fdf r'gf}tL ylkg hfG5 .

;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u, a]kQf 5fgjLg cfof]u h:tf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+oGqx¿;Fu ldn]/ kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbnfpg ;dGjofTds ¿kdf sfd ul/g]5 .

/fhgLlts åGå /fhgLlts

dfgj clwsf/ cg'udg, cg';Gwfg Pj+ cfof]usf] gLlt, of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog k|lqmofdf cj/f]w l;h{gf x'g hfG5 . ;fy}, d'n'ssf] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| cj:yfdf k|lts"n k|efj k5{ .

/fhgLlts bnx¿;Fu cGtlqm{of, 5nkmn ul/g]5 . gful/s ;dfh Pj+ dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿;Fusf] ;xsfo{df clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf sfo{x¿ ;lqmo ¿kdf cufl8 a9fOg]5 .

;dfhsf ljleGg ;d"x tyf ;Dk|bfosf dflg;aLr snx tyf åGå

;fdflhscfof]usf cg'udg, cg';Gwfg tyf k|j4{gfTds ultljlw ;~rfngdf cj/f]w k'Ug hfG5 .

;fdflhs d]nldnfk, ;xsfo{, ;xcl:tTj h:tf sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|j4{g u/L ;fDk|bflos tyf ;fdflhs åGåsf] Go"gLs/0f ul/g]5 .

cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"ltdf sdL

cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts

cfdgful/ssf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] pkef]u ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf x'g ;Sb}g .

cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf ljifonfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL k|j4{gfTds tyf ;+/If0ffTds sfo{x¿ ;~rfng ul/g]5 .

;/sf/åf/f cfof]usf l;kmfl/zx¿sf] Go"g sfof{Gjog

/fhgLlts

l;kmfl/zx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf cefjdf cfof]usf] ljZj;gLotfdf x|f; Pj+ dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf c;/ k'Ug hfG5 .

;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z sfof{Gjogdf hjfkmb]xL agfpg l;kmfl/z sfof{Gjog ;ldlt u7g u/L l;kmfl/zsf] lgoldt ¿kdf cg'udg ul/g]5 .


/0fg

Llts p

2]Zo

!= d

fgj

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g 36g

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tyf

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pkI

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$^ czf]s >]i7 k//fi6« dGqfno

$& /d]z vltj8f ;L=Pr=Pkm=Pg

$* s]=cf/=j:tL PlkPkmPrSo"

$( uLtf u'?ª Pd=cf]=l8

%! Df~h' nfdf 8]lg; /fhb'tfjf;

%# n]vgfy kf}8]n /f=Goflos k|lti7fg

%$ ef]h/fh >]i7 —

%% ;'bfd kl08t —

%& sf]lknf lj=s= /f=blnt cfof]u

%* cdLt a:g]t Ifdtf ;jnLs/0f kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

%( /fh]Zj/ e§/fO{ g]kfnL ;]gf

^) ;~ho cf/= zdf{ g]kfn k|x/L

^! s'zn ;'a]bL Pdcf]Pnh];LPkL

^@ a}hoGtL s0f{ dlxnf ;'/Iff bafa ;d"x

^# Ifq zª\s/ Pro"cf/h]P

^$ lx/f/fh /]UdL PgPkml8cfOPg

^% lxdfn k'/L /fli6«o hgdf]rf{

^^ bLks >]i7 o'lg;]km

^& Affn;fu/ lu/L /f=df=c=cf=

^* b]jL/fh cof{n z;:q k|x/L an, g]kfn

^( Df's'Gb bxfn Pg=Pkm=l8=g=

&) /fh]z xdfn P;=l8=;L=

&! kljqf ljZjsdf{ P;=l8=;L=

&@ lx/f zdf{ g]kfn 6fOD;

&# Kfbd ;'bf; ;dtf kmfpG8];g

&$ g/axfb'/ cf]nL /f=df=c=cf=

&% k]|d a/fn dfgj clwsf/ sdL{

&^ uhfw/ ;'gf/ blnt Pg=Pr=cf] km]8]/];g

&& ;'dg clwsf/L bGb lkl8t ;+:yf

&* gj/fh clwsf/L P8\ef]s];L kmf]/d

59

qm=;+= Gffd sfof{no÷;+:yf

&( ladnf g]kfnL Pg=l8=P;=

*) ;Ltf lgn/ Pg=l8=P;=

*! wd{/fh s'Os]n Pd=cf]=O{=

*@ gfgLd}ofF kl/of/ /f=df=c=cf=

*# h]lgkm/ OlNsG; 8An'=Pkm=8An'=Pkm

*$ c:j:yfdfeQm v/]n lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

*% /Lgf >]i7 Gff/L cleofg

*^ gjLg rf}w/L Gff/L cleofg

*& ;flqmdfg tdfË Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

** k|bLk ;'j]bL Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

*( ljho k|sfz PdP;kL g]kfn

() /fhLj kf]v/]n Pdcf]PrkL

(! k|ltdf d'8j/L 8An'=Pkm=8An'=Pkm

(@ /fhLj s0f{ /f=df=c=cf, lj/f6gu/

(# k|ldnf 8An'eLPPkm

($ lgd{nf lwtfn g]kfn dlxnf ckfË ;ª\3

(% /fh' rkfufO{ h'/L g]kfn

(^ Kff]i6axfb'/ yfkf Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

(& lai0f' zdf{ PaL;L g]kfn

(* k|f]=8f=3gZofd nfn bf; Pd=Pd= SofDk;

(( hL zdf{ kf}8]n /f=df=c=cf

!)) ofbj kf}8]n /f=df=c=cf


!)! 8f= >Ls[i0f >]i7 k/fdz{bftf

!)@ ;L=jL= >L; /fli6«o hgd'lQm kf6L{

!)# 3gZofd d/fl;gL g]kfn k|x/L

!)$ wgf zfx Pkm=P=cf]

!)% lszf]/ kf}8]n Pro"cf/l6P

!)^ >L/fd v8\sf g]kfn k|x/L

!)& efg'eQm 9sfn ;LPgPkmPg

!)* lbg]z dxt g];gn Go'h

!)( /f]zL kf]v/]n Olx|sg, g]kfn

!!) hut a/fd g]lkmg

!!@ ljgf]b e§/fO{ cfO=Pd=P;

!!# r/0f k|;fO{ dfgj clwsf/sdL{

!!$ Hof]ltk|;fb l3ld/] /f=df=c=cf

!!% ;'/h /}yfnf /]l8of] sflGtk'/

!!^ Dfgaxfb'/ g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u

!!& lg/fhg g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u

!!* /~hgf sfsL{ n Pzf]l;o;g g]kfn

!!( s0f{axfb'/ yfkf g]kfn n SofDk;

!@) Nff]ss'df/ >]i7 /f=df=c=cf

!@! u0f]z af]x/f /f=df=c=cf=

!@@ ;Gtf]z e08f/L /f=df=c=cf=

!@# lagf]b e08f/L /f=df=c=cf=

!@$ lagf]b sfsL{ g]kfn df=c= ;ª\u7g

!@% Zofdafa' sfˆn] /f=df=c=cf

!@^ 6]s 6df6f o'=Pg=l8=kL

!@& >L/fd clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=


cg';"rL

k/fdz{ a}7sdf ;xefuLx?sf] gfdfjnL

/fli6«o ;Dd]ng, nlntk'/, @# df3 @)&!qm=;+= Gffd sfof{no÷;+:yf! cg"k /fh zdf{ cWoIf, /f=df=c=cf@ k|sfz j:tL ;b:o, /f=df=c=cf# ;'lbk kf7s ;b:o, /f=df=c=cf$ df]xgf cG;f/L ;b:o, /f=df=c=cf% uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofn ;b:o, /f=df=c=cf^ s]bf/gfy pkfWofo k'j{ cWoIf, /f=df=c= cf=& uf}/L k|wfg k"j{ ;b:o, /f=df=c= cf=* nLnfdl0f kf}8]n d'Vo ;lrj, g]kfn ;/sf/( j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ sf=d'= ;lrj, /f=df=c=cf=!) lah'ns'df/ ljZjsdf{ k"j{ cWoIf, /f=blnt cfof]u!! ;'af]w/fh Kofs'/]n OG;]s!@ lbNnL/fh l3ld/] sfg"g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo

dfldnf dGqfno!# Clif/fh e08f/L zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f

dGqfno!$ cf]d e08f/L k|wfgdGqL sfof{no!% ;'j{0fs'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf!^ o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf!& hfoZj/ rkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf!* Dffofb]jL zdf{ /f=df=c=cf!* Dffwj /]UdL Ifdtf ;jnLs/0f kl/of]hgf,

/f=df=c=cf@) ladnf nfv] /f=df=c=cf=a'6jn@! hgs/fh e08f/L /f=df=c=cf@@ lji0f' kf]v/]n h'/L g]kfn@# k|]dk|;fb l3ld/] Pg=Pd=;L=@$ cf/tL lai6 Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf@% odaxfb'/ b'/f Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf@^ k|bLk kf]v/]n x'8]k g]kfn@& jL/ du/ /f=df=c=cf@* s[i0ff tdfË Zf;:q k|x/L an, g]kfn@( ljZjk|;fb e08f/L /f=df=c=cf#) cf]d cof{n jlsn#! 5q k|wfg /fli6«o Ho]i7 gful/s

dxf;ª\3#@ e/t lu/L /f=df=c=cf## s'df/ tdfË /f=df=c=cf#$ >L/fd sfsL{ /f=df=c=cf#% gL/ aL=hL /f=df=c=cf#^ /fds[i0f tdfË /f=df=c=cf#& hLP; e08f/L k//fi6« dGqfno#* aLkL v/]n /f=df=c=cf– #( ;'zLn hf]zL –

qm=;+= Gffd sfof{no÷;+:yf$) ;l/tf 1jfnL /f=df=c=cf$! ;f]d n'O6]n lkk'n kmf]/d$@ /d]z yfkf /f=df=c=cf$# ;"o{axfb'/ b]phf /f=df=c=cf$$ uLtf x'dfufO{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u

$% s[i0fhLjL l3ld/] dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no

$^ czf]s >]i7 k//fi6« dGqfno

$& /d]z vltj8f ;L=Pr=Pkm=Pg

$* s]=cf/=j:tL PlkPkmPrSo"

$( uLtf u'?ª Pd=cf]=l8

%! Df~h' nfdf 8]lg; /fhb'tfjf;

%# n]vgfy kf}8]n /f=Goflos k|lti7fg

%$ ef]h/fh >]i7 —

%% ;'bfd kl08t —

%& sf]lknf lj=s= /f=blnt cfof]u

%* cdLt a:g]t Ifdtf ;jnLs/0f kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

%( /fh]Zj/ e§/fO{ g]kfnL ;]gf

^) ;~ho cf/= zdf{ g]kfn k|x/L

^! s'zn ;'a]bL Pdcf]Pnh];LPkL

^@ a}hoGtL s0f{ dlxnf ;'/Iff bafa ;d"x

^# Ifq zª\s/ Pro"cf/h]P

^$ lx/f/fh /]UdL PgPkml8cfOPg

^% lxdfn k'/L /fli6«o hgdf]rf{

^^ bLks >]i7 o'lg;]km

^& Affn;fu/ lu/L /f=df=c=cf=

^* b]jL/fh cof{n z;:q k|x/L an, g]kfn

^( Df's'Gb bxfn Pg=Pkm=l8=g=

&) /fh]z xdfn P;=l8=;L=

&! kljqf ljZjsdf{ P;=l8=;L=

&@ lx/f zdf{ g]kfn 6fOD;

&# Kfbd ;'bf; ;dtf kmfpG8];g

&$ g/axfb'/ cf]nL /f=df=c=cf=

&% k]|d a/fn dfgj clwsf/ sdL{

&^ uhfw/ ;'gf/ blnt Pg=Pr=cf] km]8]/];g

&& ;'dg clwsf/L bGb lkl8t ;+:yf

&* gj/fh clwsf/L P8\ef]s];L kmf]/d

59


&( ladnf g]kfnL Pg=l8=P;=

*) ;Ltf lgn/ Pg=l8=P;=

*! wd{/fh s'Os]n Pd=cf]=O{=

*@ gfgLd}ofF kl/of/ /f=df=c=cf=

*# h]lgkm/ OlNsG; 8An'=Pkm=8An'=Pkm

*$ c:j:yfdfeQm v/]n lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

*% /Lgf >]i7 Gff/L cleofg

*^ gjLg rf}w/L Gff/L cleofg

*& ;flqmdfg tdfË Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

** k|bLk ;'j]bL Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

*( ljho k|sfz PdP;kL g]kfn

() /fhLj kf]v/]n Pdcf]PrkL

(! k|ltdf d'8j/L 8An'=Pkm=8An'=Pkm

(@ /fhLj s0f{ /f=df=c=cf, lj/f6gu/

(# k|ldnf 8An'eLPPkm

($ lgd{nf lwtfn g]kfn dlxnf ckfË ;ª\3

(% /fh' rkfufO{ h'/L g]kfn

(^ Kff]i6axfb'/ yfkf Ifdtf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

/f=df=c=cf

(& lai0f' zdf{ PaL;L g]kfn

(* k|f]=8f=3gZofd nfn bf; Pd=Pd= SofDk;

(( hL zdf{ kf}8]n /f=df=c=cf

!)) ofbj kf}8]n /f=df=c=cf


!)! 8f= >Ls[i0f >]i7 k/fdz{bftf

!)@ ;L=jL= >L; /fli6«o hgd'lQm kf6L{

!)# 3gZofd d/fl;gL g]kfn k|x/L

!)$ wgf zfx Pkm=P=cf]

!)% lszf]/ kf}8]n Pro"cf/l6P

!)^ >L/fd v8\sf g]kfn k|x/L

!)& efg'eQm 9sfn ;LPgPkmPg

!)* lbg]z dxt g];gn Go'h

!)( /f]zL kf]v/]n Olx|sg, g]kfn

!!) hut a/fd g]lkmg

!!@ ljgf]b e§/fO{ cfO=Pd=P;

!!# r/0f k|;fO{ dfgj clwsf/sdL{

!!$ Hof]ltk|;fb l3ld/] /f=df=c=cf

!!% ;'/h /}yfnf /]l8of] sflGtk'/

!!^ Dfgaxfb'/ g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u

!!& lg/fhg g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u

!!* /~hgf sfsL{ n Pzf]l;o;g g]kfn

!!( s0f{axfb'/ yfkf g]kfn n SofDk;

!@) Nff]ss'df/ >]i7 /f=df=c=cf

!@! u0f]z af]x/f /f=df=c=cf=

!@@ ;Gtf]z e08f/L /f=df=c=cf=

!@# lagf]b e08f/L /f=df=c=cf=

!@$ lagf]b sfsL{ g]kfn df=c= ;ª\u7g

!@% Zofdafa' sfˆn] /f=df=c=cf

!@^ 6]s 6df6f o'=Pg=l8=kL

!@& >L/fd clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=


ljleGg lhNnfdf ul/Psf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx¿sf] gfdfjnL

!= h'Dnf, !^ efb| @)&!

qm=;+= ;xefuLx¿sf gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! lji0f'axfb'/ yfkf lh= k|zf;g sfof{no, h'Dnf

@ ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=, nlntk'/

# b]jLaxfb'/ ;]h'jfn k'g/fj]bg cbfnt af/, h'Dnf

$ d]3/fh Gof}kfg] ls8f{s g]kfn h'Dnf

% t'n;Lk|;fb ;'j]bL z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb|, h'Dnf

^ d~h' kf08]o dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf

sfof{no, h'Dnf

& /fh'z/0f Gof}kfg] rGbggfy pRr df=lj=

* lji0f' dxt lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfo{no

( ljlgtf gu/sf]6L dlxnf clwsf/sdL{

!) k"0f{k|;fb rf}nfufO{ lj–u|'k h'Dnf

!! 6Lsf gu/sf]6L dlxnf clwsf/ d~r

!@ ejfgL kf08] k]; g]kfn

!# nLnf/fh vqL blnt ;]jf ;ª\3, h'Dnf

!$ g]qaxfb'/ zfxL ckfª\u k'g:yf{kgf

s]Gb|÷s0ff{nL ;/f]sf/ b}lgs

!% xl/s[i0f yfkf ;"o{ ;fdflhs ;]jf ;ª\3,

h'Dnf

!^ z'/axfb'/ l;+x g]kfn kqsf/

dxf;ª\3÷/f;;, h'Dnf

!& lji0f'axfb'/ /f]sfof dfgj clwsf/ tyf u|fdL0f

ljsf; s]Gb|

!* /ljg cfrfo{ ;fFlu|nf P;f]l;o;g, h'Dnf

!( dfgbn /fjn OG;]s, h'Dnf

@) d]3/fh lu/L /f]huf/ ;"rgf s]Gb|

@! xl/ls/0f a:g]t u|fdL0f ;fd'bflos ljsf;

;]jf s]Gb|, h'Dnf

@@ k|bLk sfsL{ lh=k|=sf=, h'Dnf

@# dLgaxfb'/ dxt k|=j]=d=jf=h+=, h'Dnf

@$ b]js'df/ a/fn z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb,| h'Dnf

@% kbdaxfb'/ zfxL ;+ljwfg ;"rgf s]Gb|, h'Dnf

@^ 6ª\s dxt z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb|, h'Dnf

@& g]kfn yf? lhNnf k|zf;g

@* b'uf{k|;fb kf08] u};; dxf;ª\3, h'Dnf

@( lht]Gb| lu/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no

#) kbd e08f/L z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb|

#! /fh]Gb|k|;fb Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf=, h'Dnf

#@ s[i0f gf/fo0f >]i7 /f=df=c=cf=, h'Dnf

## anl;+x ;'gf/ /f=df=c=cf=, h'Dnf

#= vf]6fª, -dfgjclwsf/sdL{÷gful/s ;dfh;d]t_ @^sflt{s @)&!

@= vf]6fª, -k|zf;sx¿;Fu_ @% sflt{s @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ uf]ljGb ;fksf]6f lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, vf]6fª# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=$ k|d'v ;]gfgL /fdaxfb'/ yfkf >L h+a/h+u u0f% k|=lg= nfnafa'k|;fb zfx lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, vf]6fª^ ;=k|=lg= km'u]{nL z]kf{ >L xn];L u'Nd, vf]6fª& c=c= lztns'df/ /fhj+zL /f=c=lh=sf=, vf]6fª* hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no( nfnaxfb'/ /fO{ /f=df=c=cf=p=If]=sf, vf]6fª

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ uf]ljGb ;fksf]6f lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, vf]6fª# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=$ k|d'v ;]gfgL /fdaxfb'/ yfkf >L h+a/h+u u0f% k|=lg=nfnafa'k|;fb zfx lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, vf]6fª^ ;=k|=lg= km'u]{nL z]kf{ >L xn];L u'Nd, vf]6fª& dx]Gb|s'df/ ;fksf]6f lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no* ljZjdl0f cfrfo{ lhNnf jg sfo{no( ;dLIff lg/f}nf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no!) sf]lknf /fO{ lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no!! xl/k|;fb vgfn lh=k=l;=sf=!@ dfwjk|;fb zdf{ z}=tf=s]!# xl/k|;fb u'/fufO{ k'=l;=lk=;=l8=g+ #, vf]6fª!$ k|]ds'df/ /fO{ g]kfnL sfª\u|];, vf]6fª!% gf/fo0fk|;fb hf]zL lxdfnL Sna, lbSt]n!^ bLkgf/fo0f l/hfn u};; dxf;ª\3, vf]6fª!& /fh]Gb| /fO{ ;f=jg pkef]Qmf dxf;ª\3, vf]6fª!* ch'{g vjf; lbQm]t gu/kflnsf sfof{no!( lbg]zs'df/ l3ld/] zflGt ;ldlt@) k|df]b >]i7 afn;]jf ;dfh g]kfn@! 1fg]Gb| /fO{ gjls/0f ;]jf ;dfh g]kfn@@ /ljg /fO{ lh=jf=s=;= vf]6fª@# hLjgs'df/ >]i7 /fk|kf g]kfn, lh=sf=;=, vf]6fª@$ wd{cjtf/ sf]O/fnf lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no@% u0f]zk|;fb e§/fO{ lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@^ gf/fo0fbf; /fO{ g]=jf=P=, vf]6fª@& k[YjL ls/fFtL Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL lhNnf cWoIf@* /ZdL /;fOnL Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL lhNnf ;b:o@( kj{t /fO{ g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL lh=;#) lrqs'df/ sfsL{ gful/s#! s[i0f kf}8]n gful/s#@ u0f]zaxfb'/ sfsL{ sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no## lblnk vqL ;Dkfbs– vf]6fª va/ ;fKtflxs#$ hLjg a:g]t 6]Ddf %, vf]6fª

61

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

#% lk=s]= vDa' k'jL–&#^ lgd{n /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)#& ls;gs'df/ /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)#* k|]ds'df/L /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)#( ;'lDgdf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$) z'erGb| /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$! /fhs'df/ /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$@ ladnf /b'Ë lb=g=kf– !)$# o;s'df/ /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$$ c?0f /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$% ;f]gf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$^ /f]hgf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$& clg; /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$* lrGtfdl0f /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$( ;Demgf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%) clego /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%! ;Gtf]if /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%@ ljzfn /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%# x]dsnf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%$ dgf]h /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%% h;/fh ls/fFtL cflbjf;L hghflt, vf]6fª%^ lx/faxfb'/ lg/f}nf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g%& s'df/l;+x a:g]t g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L%* s]bf/ du/ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3%( wgs'df/ ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{^) /f]zg /fO{ !^! uf]kfn /fO{ !!^@ o'u;g ls/fFt ls/fof ;lrj, vf]6fª^# t'nfs /fO{^$ k|;/fd /fO{ ls/ft ofof]Vvf, vf]6fª^% >]i7axfb'/ /fO[ kfo8f] —#^^ /GhLj /fO{ kfo8f] —@^& a'l4 a= /fO{ kfo8f] —@^* pQd rf}nfufO{ kqsf/, xn];L Pkm=Pd=^( ;/:jtL ahLdo ;ef;b\&) /f]lhgf /fO{&! xs{dfof /fO{&@ ljdnfb]jL kf}8\ofn&# 8Da/s'df/L cfrfo{ Ho]i7 gful/s, lbQm]n gu/kflnsf&$ ;gaxfb'/ /fO{ ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{&% pd]zrGb| cfrfo{ s[lif tyf jftfj/0f ;ldlt&^ ljdnf /fO{ cGt/ kf6L{ d= ;~hfn&& plkgs'df/ /fO{ vf]6fª pBf]u afl0fHo dxf;ª\3&* slas'df/ /fO{ ;fs]nf Sna g]kfn&( b]j]Gb|k|;fb cfrfo{ h]i7 gful/s*) cDa/axfb'/ /fpn NHRC*! u0f]z cfrfo{ lh=lj=;=*@ 6]saxfb'/ kf08] g]kfn cfdL{*# k|=h= 5lj /]UdL g]kfn k|x/L*$ k|=x= x]d a?jfn*^ lbNnL/fh bfxfn*& 1fgaxfb'/ bfxfn NHRC** nf]sgfy l3ld/] NHRC*( ;l~htf /fO{ NHRC() >Ls'df/ /fO{ lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no(! sNkgf /fO{ /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{(@ lji0f's'df/ /fO{ g]kfnL sfªu]|;(# b]j/fh /fO{ ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{

$= cf]vn9'ª\uf -k|zf;sx?;Fu_ @* sflt{s @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ /Tgaxfb'/ uf]bf/ >L zDz]/ bn u0f# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=$ u0f]zk|;fb e§/fO{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no% s'df/ a'9fyf]sL /fli6«o cg';Gwfg lh=sf=^ xl/gf/fo0f >]i7 ;z:q k|x/L an, lh=;'= j]z& a}Bgfy ofbj lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

* nf]sgfy l3ld/] /f=df=c=cf=

%= ;f]n'v'Da', @( sflt{s @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ p4jk|;fb ltdN;]gf k|=lh=c=lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no# dx]z ls/fFtL Pdfcf]jfbL kf6L{ pkfWoIf$ 8fsaxfb'/ zfxL ;fdflhs nf]stflGqs kf6L{% rGb|b]j /fO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no^ w|'j k/fh'nL g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL& ljqmd >]i7 lxdfn Pkm=Pd=* sljtf lg/f}nf 9'ª\u]n lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no( dgf]hsdf'/ >]i7 cWoIf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3!) ef]h]Gb| a:g]t ;f]n' Pkm=Pd!! ;l/tf /fO{ lxdfn ;dfrf/!@ ef]h/fh sfsL{ /]l8of] rf]df]nf]Ëdf!# ljjz s'n'ª /fO{ ;dfrf/bftf, uf]/vfkq b}lgs!$ k"0f{rGb| kª\u]gL x\jfO6 lxN; pRr df=lj=!% ljgf]b s]=;L= uf=lj=;= ;lrj, h'ldË!^ /fhaxfb'/ /f]sfof uf=lj=;= ;lrj, dsfGh]!& Vofd/fh vltj8f uf=lj=;= ;lrj, g]rf, atf;]!* eLd /fO{ /f=k|=kf= cWoIf!( bnaxfb'/ du/ Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL@) hoGqL sfsL{ /f=k|=kf= g]kfn sf]iffWoIf@! t'N;L a:g]t vfg]kfgL tyf ;=;=l8=sf=@@ gf/fo0f yfkf lzIfs@# ;'zLnf sfsL{ lzIfs@$ jf;'b]j >]i7 sf/fuf/ k|d'v@% cd/e'jg rf}w/L lhNnf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]Gb|@^ kjgs'df/ d08n jfujfgL s]Gb|, kmfKn'@& /fdcflzif bf; lh=k=;]=sf=, ;f]n'@* o'j/fh kf]v/]n lh=lj=;= sfo{qmd clws[t@( e}/jk|;fb l3ld/] lh=j=c=, ;f]n'#) s[i0fk|;fb kf}8\ofn /f=jf= a}+s, ;Nn]/L#! ;'jf; sfsL{ /f=c=lh=sf=,;f]n'#@ k'gd /]UdL dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no## kjLdfof /fO{ afs'–@, xfn ;Nn]/L#$ dl0fsf /fO{ afs'–@, xfn ;Nn]/L#% 6ª\sLdfof a:g]t dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs


ljleGg lhNnfdf ul/Psf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx¿sf] gfdfjnL

!= h'Dnf, !^ efb| @)&!

qm=;+= ;xefuLx¿sf gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! lji0f'axfb'/ yfkf lh= k|zf;g sfof{no, h'Dnf

@ ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=, nlntk'/

# b]jLaxfb'/ ;]h'jfn k'g/fj]bg cbfnt af/, h'Dnf

$ d]3/fh Gof}kfg] ls8f{s g]kfn h'Dnf

% t'n;Lk|;fb ;'j]bL z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb|, h'Dnf

^ d~h' kf08]o dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf

sfof{no, h'Dnf

& /fh'z/0f Gof}kfg] rGbggfy pRr df=lj=

* lji0f' dxt lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfo{no

( ljlgtf gu/sf]6L dlxnf clwsf/sdL{

!) k"0f{k|;fb rf}nfufO{ lj–u|'k h'Dnf

!! 6Lsf gu/sf]6L dlxnf clwsf/ d~r

!@ ejfgL kf08] k]; g]kfn

!# nLnf/fh vqL blnt ;]jf ;ª\3, h'Dnf

!$ g]qaxfb'/ zfxL ckfª\u k'g:yf{kgf

s]Gb|÷s0ff{nL ;/f]sf/ b}lgs

!% xl/s[i0f yfkf ;"o{ ;fdflhs ;]jf ;ª\3,

h'Dnf

!^ z'/axfb'/ l;+x g]kfn kqsf/

dxf;ª\3÷/f;;, h'Dnf

!& lji0f'axfb'/ /f]sfof dfgj clwsf/ tyf u|fdL0f

ljsf; s]Gb|

!* /ljg cfrfo{ ;fFlu|nf P;f]l;o;g, h'Dnf

!( dfgbn /fjn OG;]s, h'Dnf

@) d]3/fh lu/L /f]huf/ ;"rgf s]Gb|

@! xl/ls/0f a:g]t u|fdL0f ;fd'bflos ljsf;

;]jf s]Gb|, h'Dnf

@@ k|bLk sfsL{ lh=k|=sf=, h'Dnf

@# dLgaxfb'/ dxt k|=j]=d=jf=h+=, h'Dnf

@$ b]js'df/ a/fn z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb,| h'Dnf

@% kbdaxfb'/ zfxL ;+ljwfg ;"rgf s]Gb|, h'Dnf

@^ 6ª\s dxt z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb|, h'Dnf

@& g]kfn yf? lhNnf k|zf;g

@* b'uf{k|;fb kf08] u};; dxf;ª\3, h'Dnf

@( lht]Gb| lu/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no

#) kbd e08f/L z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb|

#! /fh]Gb|k|;fb Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf=, h'Dnf

#@ s[i0f gf/fo0f >]i7 /f=df=c=cf=, h'Dnf

## anl;+x ;'gf/ /f=df=c=cf=, h'Dnf

#= vf]6fª, -dfgjclwsf/sdL{÷gful/s ;dfh;d]t_ @^sflt{s @)&!

@= vf]6fª, -k|zf;sx¿;Fu_ @% sflt{s @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ uf]ljGb ;fksf]6f lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, vf]6fª# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=$ k|d'v ;]gfgL /fdaxfb'/ yfkf >L h+a/h+u u0f% k|=lg= nfnafa'k|;fb zfx lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, vf]6fª^ ;=k|=lg= km'u]{nL z]kf{ >L xn];L u'Nd, vf]6fª& c=c= lztns'df/ /fhj+zL /f=c=lh=sf=, vf]6fª* hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no( nfnaxfb'/ /fO{ /f=df=c=cf=p=If]=sf, vf]6fª

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ uf]ljGb ;fksf]6f lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, vf]6fª# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=$ k|d'v ;]gfgL /fdaxfb'/ yfkf >L h+a/h+u u0f% k|=lg=nfnafa'k|;fb zfx lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, vf]6fª^ ;=k|=lg= km'u]{nL z]kf{ >L xn];L u'Nd, vf]6fª& dx]Gb|s'df/ ;fksf]6f lh=lj=;=sf] sfof{no* ljZjdl0f cfrfo{ lhNnf jg sfo{no( ;dLIff lg/f}nf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no!) sf]lknf /fO{ lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no!! xl/k|;fb vgfn lh=k=l;=sf=!@ dfwjk|;fb zdf{ z}=tf=s]!# xl/k|;fb u'/fufO{ k'=l;=lk=;=l8=g+ #, vf]6fª!$ k|]ds'df/ /fO{ g]kfnL sfª\u|];, vf]6fª!% gf/fo0fk|;fb hf]zL lxdfnL Sna, lbSt]n!^ bLkgf/fo0f l/hfn u};; dxf;ª\3, vf]6fª!& /fh]Gb| /fO{ ;f=jg pkef]Qmf dxf;ª\3, vf]6fª!* ch'{g vjf; lbQm]t gu/kflnsf sfof{no!( lbg]zs'df/ l3ld/] zflGt ;ldlt@) k|df]b >]i7 afn;]jf ;dfh g]kfn@! 1fg]Gb| /fO{ gjls/0f ;]jf ;dfh g]kfn@@ /ljg /fO{ lh=jf=s=;= vf]6fª@# hLjgs'df/ >]i7 /fk|kf g]kfn, lh=sf=;=, vf]6fª@$ wd{cjtf/ sf]O/fnf lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no@% u0f]zk|;fb e§/fO{ lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@^ gf/fo0fbf; /fO{ g]=jf=P=, vf]6fª@& k[YjL ls/fFtL Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL lhNnf cWoIf@* /ZdL /;fOnL Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL lhNnf ;b:o@( kj{t /fO{ g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL lh=;#) lrqs'df/ sfsL{ gful/s#! s[i0f kf}8]n gful/s#@ u0f]zaxfb'/ sfsL{ sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no## lblnk vqL ;Dkfbs– vf]6fª va/ ;fKtflxs#$ hLjg a:g]t 6]Ddf %, vf]6fª

61


#% lk=s]= vDa' k'jL–&#^ lgd{n /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)#& ls;gs'df/ /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)#* k|]ds'df/L /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)#( ;'lDgdf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$) z'erGb| /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$! /fhs'df/ /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$@ ladnf /b'Ë lb=g=kf– !)$# o;s'df/ /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$$ c?0f /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$% ;f]gf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$^ /f]hgf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$& clg; /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$* lrGtfdl0f /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)$( ;Demgf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%) clego /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%! ;Gtf]if /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%@ ljzfn /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%# x]dsnf /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%$ dgf]h /fO{ lb=g=kf– !)%% h;/fh ls/fFtL cflbjf;L hghflt, vf]6fª%^ lx/faxfb'/ lg/f}nf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g%& s'df/l;+x a:g]t g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L%* s]bf/ du/ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3%( wgs'df/ ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{^) /f]zg /fO{ !^! uf]kfn /fO{ !!^@ o'u;g ls/fFt ls/fof ;lrj, vf]6fª^# t'nfs /fO{^$ k|;/fd /fO{ ls/ft ofof]Vvf, vf]6fª^% >]i7axfb'/ /fO[ kfo8f] —#^^ /GhLj /fO{ kfo8f] —@^& a'l4 a= /fO{ kfo8f] —@^* pQd rf}nfufO{ kqsf/, xn];L Pkm=Pd=^( ;/:jtL ahLdo ;ef;b\&) /f]lhgf /fO{&! xs{dfof /fO{&@ ljdnfb]jL kf}8\ofn&# 8Da/s'df/L cfrfo{ Ho]i7 gful/s, lbQm]n gu/kflnsf&$ ;gaxfb'/ /fO{ ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{&% pd]zrGb| cfrfo{ s[lif tyf jftfj/0f ;ldlt&^ ljdnf /fO{ cGt/ kf6L{ d= ;~hfn&& plkgs'df/ /fO{ vf]6fª pBf]u afl0fHo dxf;ª\3&* slas'df/ /fO{ ;fs]nf Sna g]kfn&( b]j]Gb|k|;fb cfrfo{ h]i7 gful/s*) cDa/axfb'/ /fpn NHRC*! u0f]z cfrfo{ lh=lj=;=*@ 6]saxfb'/ kf08] g]kfn cfdL{*# k|=h= 5lj /]UdL g]kfn k|x/L*$ k|=x= x]d a?jfn*^ lbNnL/fh bfxfn*& 1fgaxfb'/ bfxfn NHRC** nf]sgfy l3ld/] NHRC*( ;l~htf /fO{ NHRC() >Ls'df/ /fO{ lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no(! sNkgf /fO{ /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{(@ lji0f's'df/ /fO{ g]kfnL sfªu]|;(# b]j/fh /fO{ ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{

$= cf]vn9'ª\uf -k|zf;sx?;Fu_ @* sflt{s @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ /Tgaxfb'/ uf]bf/ >L zDz]/ bn u0f# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=$ u0f]zk|;fb e§/fO{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no% s'df/ a'9fyf]sL /fli6«o cg';Gwfg lh=sf=^ xl/gf/fo0f >]i7 ;z:q k|x/L an, lh=;'= j]z& a}Bgfy ofbj lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

* nf]sgfy l3ld/] /f=df=c=cf=

%= ;f]n'v'Da', @( sflt{s @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ p4jk|;fb ltdN;]gf k|=lh=c=lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no# dx]z ls/fFtL Pdfcf]jfbL kf6L{ pkfWoIf$ 8fsaxfb'/ zfxL ;fdflhs nf]stflGqs kf6L{% rGb|b]j /fO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no^ w|'j k/fh'nL g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL& ljqmd >]i7 lxdfn Pkm=Pd=* sljtf lg/f}nf 9'ª\u]n lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no( dgf]hsdf'/ >]i7 cWoIf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3!) ef]h]Gb| a:g]t ;f]n' Pkm=Pd!! ;l/tf /fO{ lxdfn ;dfrf/!@ ef]h/fh sfsL{ /]l8of] rf]df]nf]Ëdf!# ljjz s'n'ª /fO{ ;dfrf/bftf, uf]/vfkq b}lgs!$ k"0f{rGb| kª\u]gL x\jfO6 lxN; pRr df=lj=!% ljgf]b s]=;L= uf=lj=;= ;lrj, h'ldË!^ /fhaxfb'/ /f]sfof uf=lj=;= ;lrj, dsfGh]!& Vofd/fh vltj8f uf=lj=;= ;lrj, g]rf, atf;]!* eLd /fO{ /f=k|=kf= cWoIf!( bnaxfb'/ du/ Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL@) hoGqL sfsL{ /f=k|=kf= g]kfn sf]iffWoIf@! t'N;L a:g]t vfg]kfgL tyf ;=;=l8=sf=@@ gf/fo0f yfkf lzIfs@# ;'zLnf sfsL{ lzIfs@$ jf;'b]j >]i7 sf/fuf/ k|d'v@% cd/e'jg rf}w/L lhNnf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]Gb|@^ kjgs'df/ d08n jfujfgL s]Gb|, kmfKn'@& /fdcflzif bf; lh=k=;]=sf=, ;f]n'@* o'j/fh kf]v/]n lh=lj=;= sfo{qmd clws[t@( e}/jk|;fb l3ld/] lh=j=c=, ;f]n'#) s[i0fk|;fb kf}8\ofn /f=jf= a}+s, ;Nn]/L#! ;'jf; sfsL{ /f=c=lh=sf=,;f]n'#@ k'gd /]UdL dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no## kjLdfof /fO{ afs'–@, xfn ;Nn]/L#$ dl0fsf /fO{ afs'–@, xfn ;Nn]/L#% 6ª\sLdfof a:g]t dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs



#^ Pss'df/L a:g]t 3/]n' lx+;f k|efljtsf nflu ;]jfs]Gb|

#& dfgjL/ /fO{ g]skf Pdfn]#* cgGts'df/ a:g]t lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no#( rGb| cfrfo{ ;lrj, g]kfnL sfª\u|];$) /]jtL clwsf/L uf=lj=;= ;lrj$! gfgL/fd e'h]n pmhf{ ljsf; clws[t$@ ;'/]zs'df/ bfxfn lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no$# afa'/fd cfrfo{ :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt$$ df]tL/fd /;fOnL /]l8of] rf]df]nf]ªdf$% a'l4/fh sf]O/fnf dfnkf]t sfof{no$^ ;'uf]n ;fx dfnkf]t sfof{no$& /fh]Gb| s];L lh=lj=;=$* lw/h vqL >L gofF /0feLd u'Nd$( r]tgfy l3ld/] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf ls;fg

ljsf; ;ldlt%) lbJo/fh s§]n >L sflnsfb]jL p=df=lj=%! /fdsfhL >]i7 lhNnf x'nfs%# nf]sgfy bfxfn lj=lk=sf]=;+= ljBfkL7%$ dfwjk|;fb kf]v/]n lj=lk=Sof=g]=;+=lj%% ;Demgf cfrfo{ dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no%^ ;'/]z kGt g]=;=%& lzjs'df/ lji6 lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no%* /fds'df/ /fO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no%( g]kfn k|x/Lsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no^) g]kfn k|x/Lsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no^! hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=^@ ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=^# nf]sgfy l3ld/] /f=df=c=cf=, vf]6fª

^= /fd]5fk, @ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ zDe'k|;fb d/fl;gL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, vf]6fª# afa'sfhL bfxfn cWoIf, /fd]5fk af/ P;f]l;o;g$ 1fgaxfb'/ yfkf lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no, /fd]5fk% ljgf]b sfsL{ g]kfnL sfª\u|];, /fd]5fk^ OGb| >]i7 g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL, /fd]5fk& /fdrGb| zdf{ s8]n /f=k|=kf=, /fd]5fk* s]zj b]jsf]6f lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no( hgfb{g 9sfn /f=c=lh=sf=!) nf]saxfb'/ rf}nfufO{ vfg]kfgL l8lehg sfof{no!! rqmkfl0f cfrfo{ lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no!@ 8f=ljho e"t]{n lhNnf cfo'{j]b :jf:Yo s]Gb|!# gf=;'= p4jk|;fb a8fn sf/fuf/ sfof{no, /fd]5fk!$ ofbj l;njfn g]kfnL ;]gf, /fd]5fk!% bLkss'df/ zfx k|=gf=p=, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no!^ k|]dk|sfz l;Ub]n ;=k|=gf=p=, ;=k|=a= lhNnf ;'/Iff

j]z!& ltns/fd kf]v/]n ;=k|=lh=c=!* clkn clwsf/L zflGt ;ldlt, /fd]5fk

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!( ;fu/ljqmd a:g]t ;fd'bflos hgzlQm ljsf;

sfo{qmd

@) ;'/]z pbf; zflGtbLk o'jf Sna

@! 6Lsfk|;fb e§ pk;Dkfbs sflGtk'/

@@ gjLg s];L /f=p=jf=;+

@# nIdL Gof}kfg] >L gfusGof df=lj=, u8\jf/L

@$ OZj/Lk|;fb ;'j]bL lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no

@% k|ljtf kf}8]n >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@^ uLtf a;]n >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@& clDasf a;]n >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@* /lGhtf lj=s= >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@( lk|lt;f lj=s= >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#) cflz; dfemL >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#! ljkf;f g]kfnL >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#@ u0f]z g]kfnL >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

## ljzfn nfdf >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#$ rGb|axfb'/ l3l;Ë >L cfn]8Da/ df=lj=

#% k'?iff]Qd l3ld/] ckfª\u ;r]tg ;]jfs]Gb|

#^ ldngs'df/ l3l;Ë ;fd'bflos ljsf; ;dfh

#& nj >]i7 >[hglzn o'jf ;dfh

#* pdª\u d}gfnL SALGP-DPSU, /fd]5fk

#( alatf las lhlj;, /fd]5fk

$) sdnf a:g]t Gofosf nflu åGå kLl8t;dfh

$! s[i0fk|;fb ;'j]bL lh=k|f=sf=, /fd]5fk

$@ k|0fos'df/ pkfWofo lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no

$# /f]zg kflv|g u};;, /fd]5fk

$$ g/xl/ l/hfn lhNnf e";+/If0f sfof{no

$% 1fg' >]i7 emª\sf/ Pkm=Pd

$^ bofgGb hf]zL gfkL sfof{no

$& s]z/axfb'/ ;fpb sf]=n]=lg=sf=

$* /fh' d'UtftL k|ultzLn b=;]=;dfh

$( /Tgk|;fb sF8]n kxf8L ;dfh sNof0f

%) /fdrGb| gful/s

%! emds sF8]n /fd]5fk

%@ ;+lhj ;Tofn /fd]5fk

%# o'lgs ljkmf l3l;Ë g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3

%$ huGgfy bfxfn dxf;lrj, pBf]uf jfl0fHo ;ª\3

%% 6ª\sk|;fb bfxfn k|frfo{, dGynL p=df=lj=

%^ kf08jk|;fb k|;fO P8ef]s];L kmf]/d, /fd]5fk

%& gj/fh klys OG;]s lhNnf k|ltlglw

%* /fhs'df/ sfsL{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

%( ljgf]b e'h]n lh=lj=;=

^) ;'/]zdfg >]i7 lh=k|=sf=, /fd]5fk

^! n]vaxfb'/ ljs g]kfn /fli6«o blnt sNof0f;dfh

^@ hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf

^# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=

^$ s'df/ nfdf /f=df=c=cf

63

&= kfFry/, @& d+l;/ @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ ;"o{s'df/ lg/f}nf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/# ;/:jtL l;jfsf]6L lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt$ afns[i0f sfˆn] :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt% dª\un j]3f OG;]s, kfFry/^ k|]d cf]emf xsf]{8s g]kfn& 6Lsf ltlD;gf af/ P;f]l;o;g* njb]j 9'ª\ufgf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3( lul//fh afF:sf]6f g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3!) ;/:jtL l/hfn dfgj clwsf/sf nflu dlxnf!! ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=!@ sf]if/fh Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf= lj/f6gu/!# afns[i0f cf]emfe= u};; dxf;ª\3 kfFry/!$ lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf!% vu]Gb| afF:sf]6f g]kfn af/ P;f]l;o;g!^ gljg 9'ª\u]n ckfª\u ;]jf ;ª\3!& uf]df jfUn] dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfo{no

*= tfKn]h'ª, @* dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ uª\ufk|;fb Gof}kfg] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, tfKn]h'ª# d]3/fh sF8]n lh=k|=sf=, tfKn]h'ª$ las]l;+x ljZjsdf{ >LaS; u'Nd, tfKn]h'ª% bLks/fh cof{n ;=k|=jn s+rgh+u u'Nd^ b'uf{k|;fb rfkfufO{ /fli6«o cg';Gwfg lh=sf=& uLtf ;]GbfË dlxnf hfu/0f ;ª\3* d~h' nf]xgL dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no( dft[sf z]kf{ g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;ª\3!) lxdfn ltldlN;gf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf ljsf; d~r!! blw/fd l3ld/] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldlt!@ /fh' bf; blnt clwsf/ d~r!# g/klt kf}8\ofn g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL!$ d]3/fh ef/tL sf/fuf/ k|d'v!% v8\uljqmd ;'j]bL dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn!^ k|]ds'df/ ;f]lnª P=g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL!& nIdLk|;fb lnDa' kmfs'Daf–(!* ljhok|;fb lnDa' oftgf kLl8t!( l/tf df]xg ;ª\3Lo lnDa'jfg kf6L{@) cle/ df]xg /f=k|=kf= g]kfn@! wL/]Gb|k|;fb l;+x lhNnf jg sfof{no, tfKn]h'ª@@ ho/fd pk|]tL tfKn]h'ª gu/kflnsf@# ab|Lk|;fb bfxfn lhNnf s[lifljsf; sfof{no@$ 8f= s'd'b e§/fO{ lh=:jf=sf=, tfKn]h'ª@% k"0f{axfb'/ bhL{ lh=lzIff sfof{no@^ b'uf{k|;fb >]i7 lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt@& kljqf u'?Ë HURF, tfKn]h'ª@* ank|;fb ;fD;f]xfË g]skf Pdfn]@( ;Gtf]if rflDnË jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf ljsf; d~r#) lbn' >]i7 dfgj clwsf/ Psn dlxnf#! s]zjk|;fb e§/fO{ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3#@ OGb| y'n'Ë /fli6«o hgd'lQm kf6L{

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf## s[i0f k|wfg lh=k|=sf= tfKn]h'ª#$ lalSs h/bf/ lh=k|=sf=#% /d0f kf08] lh=k|=zf=sf=, tfKn]h'ª#^ e/t s§]n lh=k|=sf=, tfKn]h'ª#& sdn b'nfn lh=k|=sf= tfKn]h'ª#* ;GbLk k/fh'nL ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd#( b]jgf/fo0f /fhj+zL ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$) x/]grGb| /fhj+zL ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$! cho/fh ;'Njf ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$@ tLy{s'df/ aDhg ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$# a;Gt /fO{ >L aS; u'Nd$$ g/]Gb| cfn] >L aS; u'Nd$% /fds'df/ d'lvof >L aS; u'Nd$^ lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf=

(= Onfd, @( d+l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ gj/fh zª\s/ dfgj clwsf/ d~r g]kfn, Onfd# k|sfz clwsf/L dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn tyf zflGt

sfo{ ;d"x$ a]g'k e§/fO{ ;~rf/sdL{ gful/s b}lgs% sf]lsnf 9sfn OG;]s k|ltlglw^ jL/axfb'/ v8\sf HURF/NBA, Onfd& df]xgl;+x y]j] dfgj clwsf/ d~r, Onfd* of]u/fh ;fksf]6f dfgj clwsf/ d~r, Onfd( lgtf sfsL{ dlxnf sNof0f ;dfh, Onfd!) b]jL d'lvof dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn!! sf]if/fh Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf=, lj/f6gu/!@ ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=!# lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=!$ s'df/ tfdfË /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=

!)= emfkf, @ k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ /d]zs'df/ vqL lhNnf cbfnt# lji0f' v/]n dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn$ bLks lg/f}nf P8\ef]s];L kmf]/d% uf]kLk|;fb l3ld/] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no^ b]jk|;fb ;'j]bL g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g& 8f=s]=kL= ;'j]bL g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g* P]Zjo{k|;fb ltlD;gf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g( sdnaxfb'/ yfkf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no!) ;dLIff lg/f}nf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no!! /d]zs'df/ ;'j]bL lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no!@ rGb|b]j d]xtf lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no!# lktfDa/ 7fs'/ d]=c!$ ;"o{gfy d]xtf!% slkn l;+x sfnLaxfb'/ u0f!^ hLjg >]i7 ZPO mahi!& k|]d/fh kf]v/]n BSO, Jhapa!* kml0fGb| bfxfn lh=lj=;=, emfkf



#^ Pss'df/L a:g]t 3/]n' lx+;f k|efljtsf nflu ;]jfs]Gb|

#& dfgjL/ /fO{ g]skf Pdfn]#* cgGts'df/ a:g]t lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no#( rGb| cfrfo{ ;lrj, g]kfnL sfª\u|];$) /]jtL clwsf/L uf=lj=;= ;lrj$! gfgL/fd e'h]n pmhf{ ljsf; clws[t$@ ;'/]zs'df/ bfxfn lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no$# afa'/fd cfrfo{ :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt$$ df]tL/fd /;fOnL /]l8of] rf]df]nf]ªdf$% a'l4/fh sf]O/fnf dfnkf]t sfof{no$^ ;'uf]n ;fx dfnkf]t sfof{no$& /fh]Gb| s];L lh=lj=;=$* lw/h vqL >L gofF /0feLd u'Nd$( r]tgfy l3ld/] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf ls;fg

ljsf; ;ldlt%) lbJo/fh s§]n >L sflnsfb]jL p=df=lj=%! /fdsfhL >]i7 lhNnf x'nfs%# nf]sgfy bfxfn lj=lk=sf]=;+= ljBfkL7%$ dfwjk|;fb kf]v/]n lj=lk=Sof=g]=;+=lj%% ;Demgf cfrfo{ dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no%^ ;'/]z kGt g]=;=%& lzjs'df/ lji6 lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no%* /fds'df/ /fO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no%( g]kfn k|x/Lsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no^) g]kfn k|x/Lsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no^! hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=^@ ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=^# nf]sgfy l3ld/] /f=df=c=cf=, vf]6fª

^= /fd]5fk, @ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ zDe'k|;fb d/fl;gL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, vf]6fª# afa'sfhL bfxfn cWoIf, /fd]5fk af/ P;f]l;o;g$ 1fgaxfb'/ yfkf lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no, /fd]5fk% ljgf]b sfsL{ g]kfnL sfª\u|];, /fd]5fk^ OGb| >]i7 g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL, /fd]5fk& /fdrGb| zdf{ s8]n /f=k|=kf=, /fd]5fk* s]zj b]jsf]6f lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no( hgfb{g 9sfn /f=c=lh=sf=!) nf]saxfb'/ rf}nfufO{ vfg]kfgL l8lehg sfof{no!! rqmkfl0f cfrfo{ lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no!@ 8f=ljho e"t]{n lhNnf cfo'{j]b :jf:Yo s]Gb|!# gf=;'= p4jk|;fb a8fn sf/fuf/ sfof{no, /fd]5fk!$ ofbj l;njfn g]kfnL ;]gf, /fd]5fk!% bLkss'df/ zfx k|=gf=p=, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no!^ k|]dk|sfz l;Ub]n ;=k|=gf=p=, ;=k|=a= lhNnf ;'/Iff

j]z!& ltns/fd kf]v/]n ;=k|=lh=c=!* clkn clwsf/L zflGt ;ldlt, /fd]5fk

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!( ;fu/ljqmd a:g]t ;fd'bflos hgzlQm ljsf;

sfo{qmd

@) ;'/]z pbf; zflGtbLk o'jf Sna

@! 6Lsfk|;fb e§ pk;Dkfbs sflGtk'/

@@ gjLg s];L /f=p=jf=;+

@# nIdL Gof}kfg] >L gfusGof df=lj=, u8\jf/L

@$ OZj/Lk|;fb ;'j]bL lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no

@% k|ljtf kf}8]n >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@^ uLtf a;]n >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@& clDasf a;]n >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@* /lGhtf lj=s= >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

@( lk|lt;f lj=s= >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#) cflz; dfemL >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#! ljkf;f g]kfnL >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#@ u0f]z g]kfnL >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

## ljzfn nfdf >L dGynL p=df=lj=, dGynL

#$ rGb|axfb'/ l3l;Ë >L cfn]8Da/ df=lj=

#% k'?iff]Qd l3ld/] ckfª\u ;r]tg ;]jfs]Gb|

#^ ldngs'df/ l3l;Ë ;fd'bflos ljsf; ;dfh

#& nj >]i7 >[hglzn o'jf ;dfh

#* pdª\u d}gfnL SALGP-DPSU, /fd]5fk

#( alatf las lhlj;, /fd]5fk

$) sdnf a:g]t Gofosf nflu åGå kLl8t;dfh

$! s[i0fk|;fb ;'j]bL lh=k|f=sf=, /fd]5fk

$@ k|0fos'df/ pkfWofo lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no

$# /f]zg kflv|g u};;, /fd]5fk

$$ g/xl/ l/hfn lhNnf e";+/If0f sfof{no

$% 1fg' >]i7 emª\sf/ Pkm=Pd

$^ bofgGb hf]zL gfkL sfof{no

$& s]z/axfb'/ ;fpb sf]=n]=lg=sf=

$* /fh' d'UtftL k|ultzLn b=;]=;dfh

$( /Tgk|;fb sF8]n kxf8L ;dfh sNof0f

%) /fdrGb| gful/s

%! emds sF8]n /fd]5fk

%@ ;+lhj ;Tofn /fd]5fk

%# o'lgs ljkmf l3l;Ë g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3

%$ huGgfy bfxfn dxf;lrj, pBf]uf jfl0fHo ;ª\3

%% 6ª\sk|;fb bfxfn k|frfo{, dGynL p=df=lj=

%^ kf08jk|;fb k|;fO P8ef]s];L kmf]/d, /fd]5fk

%& gj/fh klys OG;]s lhNnf k|ltlglw

%* /fhs'df/ sfsL{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

%( ljgf]b e'h]n lh=lj=;=

^) ;'/]zdfg >]i7 lh=k|=sf=, /fd]5fk

^! n]vaxfb'/ ljs g]kfn /fli6«o blnt sNof0f;dfh

^@ hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf

^# ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=

^$ s'df/ nfdf /f=df=c=cf

63

&= kfFry/, @& d+l;/ @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ ;"o{s'df/ lg/f}nf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/# ;/:jtL l;jfsf]6L lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt$ afns[i0f sfˆn] :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt% dª\un j]3f OG;]s, kfFry/^ k|]d cf]emf xsf]{8s g]kfn& 6Lsf ltlD;gf af/ P;f]l;o;g* njb]j 9'ª\ufgf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3( lul//fh afF:sf]6f g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3!) ;/:jtL l/hfn dfgj clwsf/sf nflu dlxnf!! ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=!@ sf]if/fh Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf= lj/f6gu/!# afns[i0f cf]emfe= u};; dxf;ª\3 kfFry/!$ lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf!% vu]Gb| afF:sf]6f g]kfn af/ P;f]l;o;g!^ gljg 9'ª\u]n ckfª\u ;]jf ;ª\3!& uf]df jfUn] dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfo{no

*= tfKn]h'ª, @* dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ uª\ufk|;fb Gof}kfg] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, tfKn]h'ª# d]3/fh sF8]n lh=k|=sf=, tfKn]h'ª$ las]l;+x ljZjsdf{ >LaS; u'Nd, tfKn]h'ª% bLks/fh cof{n ;=k|=jn s+rgh+u u'Nd^ b'uf{k|;fb rfkfufO{ /fli6«o cg';Gwfg lh=sf=& uLtf ;]GbfË dlxnf hfu/0f ;ª\3* d~h' nf]xgL dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no( dft[sf z]kf{ g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;ª\3!) lxdfn ltldlN;gf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf ljsf; d~r!! blw/fd l3ld/] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldlt!@ /fh' bf; blnt clwsf/ d~r!# g/klt kf}8\ofn g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL!$ d]3/fh ef/tL sf/fuf/ k|d'v!% v8\uljqmd ;'j]bL dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn!^ k|]ds'df/ ;f]lnª P=g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL!& nIdLk|;fb lnDa' kmfs'Daf–(!* ljhok|;fb lnDa' oftgf kLl8t!( l/tf df]xg ;ª\3Lo lnDa'jfg kf6L{@) cle/ df]xg /f=k|=kf= g]kfn@! wL/]Gb|k|;fb l;+x lhNnf jg sfof{no, tfKn]h'ª@@ ho/fd pk|]tL tfKn]h'ª gu/kflnsf@# ab|Lk|;fb bfxfn lhNnf s[lifljsf; sfof{no@$ 8f= s'd'b e§/fO{ lh=:jf=sf=, tfKn]h'ª@% k"0f{axfb'/ bhL{ lh=lzIff sfof{no@^ b'uf{k|;fb >]i7 lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt@& kljqf u'?Ë HURF, tfKn]h'ª@* ank|;fb ;fD;f]xfË g]skf Pdfn]@( ;Gtf]if rflDnË jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf ljsf; d~r#) lbn' >]i7 dfgj clwsf/ Psn dlxnf#! s]zjk|;fb e§/fO{ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3#@ OGb| y'n'Ë /fli6«o hgd'lQm kf6L{

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf## s[i0f k|wfg lh=k|=sf= tfKn]h'ª#$ lalSs h/bf/ lh=k|=sf=#% /d0f kf08] lh=k|=zf=sf=, tfKn]h'ª#^ e/t s§]n lh=k|=sf=, tfKn]h'ª#& sdn b'nfn lh=k|=sf= tfKn]h'ª#* ;GbLk k/fh'nL ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd#( b]jgf/fo0f /fhj+zL ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$) x/]grGb| /fhj+zL ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$! cho/fh ;'Njf ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$@ tLy{s'df/ aDhg ;=k|=an, s~rghª\3f u'Nd$# a;Gt /fO{ >L aS; u'Nd$$ g/]Gb| cfn] >L aS; u'Nd$% /fds'df/ d'lvof >L aS; u'Nd$^ lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf=

(= Onfd, @( d+l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ gj/fh zª\s/ dfgj clwsf/ d~r g]kfn, Onfd# k|sfz clwsf/L dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn tyf zflGt

sfo{ ;d"x$ a]g'k e§/fO{ ;~rf/sdL{ gful/s b}lgs% sf]lsnf 9sfn OG;]s k|ltlglw^ jL/axfb'/ v8\sf HURF/NBA, Onfd& df]xgl;+x y]j] dfgj clwsf/ d~r, Onfd* of]u/fh ;fksf]6f dfgj clwsf/ d~r, Onfd( lgtf sfsL{ dlxnf sNof0f ;dfh, Onfd!) b]jL d'lvof dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn!! sf]if/fh Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf=, lj/f6gu/!@ ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=!# lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=!$ s'df/ tfdfË /f=df=c=cf=s]=sf=

!)= emfkf, @ k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ /d]zs'df/ vqL lhNnf cbfnt# lji0f' v/]n dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn$ bLks lg/f}nf P8\ef]s];L kmf]/d% uf]kLk|;fb l3ld/] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no^ b]jk|;fb ;'j]bL g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g& 8f=s]=kL= ;'j]bL g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g* P]Zjo{k|;fb ltlD;gf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g( sdnaxfb'/ yfkf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no!) ;dLIff lg/f}nf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no!! /d]zs'df/ ;'j]bL lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no!@ rGb|b]j d]xtf lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no!# lktfDa/ 7fs'/ d]=c!$ ;"o{gfy d]xtf!% slkn l;+x sfnLaxfb'/ u0f!^ hLjg >]i7 ZPO mahi!& k|]d/fh kf]v/]n BSO, Jhapa!* kml0fGb| bfxfn lh=lj=;=, emfkf


qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!( ;'zLn >]i7 lh=k|=sf=, emfkf@) lbk]Gb|s'df/ vqL lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{no@! lbg]zs'df/ kf]v/]n sf]=n]=lg=sf=@@ dfwjk|;fb kf]v/]n l8lehg ;8s@# t'N;L k|;fO{ /fli6«o cg';Gwfg@$ cgGtaxfb'/ a'9fyf]sL g]kfn af/ P;f]l;o;g@% p4j lji6 lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@^ kfj{tf >]i7 ckfª\utf dlxnf ljefu@& Clif rfkfufO{ /f=c=d= g]kfn@* lgdf{0fs'df/ e§/fO{ d]rL eG;f/ sfof{no@( /d]zs'df/ cf]emf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no#) ;'d]Gb' /fhj+zL Jofj;flos ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|#! bLks clwsf/L gf}nf] cfjfh#@ uf]kfn lu/L gful/s Pkm=Pd## df]xDdb ;b?n /f;;#$ lrGtfdl0f bfxfn gful/s Pkm=Pd=#% vu]Gb| 9'ª\ufgf Pgl;l8l;#^ /]jtL/fh l3ld/] ;~rf/sdL{#& b|f]0f clwsf/L ;~rf/sdL{#* pQd g]kfn ;~rf/sdL{#( kª\sh zdf{ lxdfno 6]nLlehg$) lktfDa/ l3ld/] /fli6«o ckf+u dxf;ª\3$! s'df/l;+x vqL lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no$@ d]3gfy ltlD;gf lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no$# if8fgGb u'?Ë cf=/f=sf=, eb|k'/$$ ;Gtf]if l3ld/] eb|k'/ gu/kflnsf$% ljud >]i7 lxdlzvf/÷dfpG6]g l6=le=$^ kfy{ d08n ABC TV

$& nIdL Gof}kfg] aflnsf tyf lszf]/L gf=;=;c$* t]hk|;fb kf}8]n CDO, emfkf$( d's'Gb/fh cfrfo{ SP, lh=k|=sf=

!!= emfkf -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷gful/sclwsf/sdL{_, # k'; @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ hLjgs'df/ >]i7 eb|k'/–^, g]=s=kf= Pdfn]# bLks lg/f}nf P8\ef]s;L kmf]/d, emfkf$ bLks clwsf/L ;~rf/sdL{% eujfg kf}8]n cf}iflw Joj;foL^ ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=& OZj/ clwsf/L ;~rf/sdL{* u0f]z kf]v/]n g]kfnL sfª\u|]; If]qLo ;efklt( sf]if/fh Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf=!) pQd g]kfn ;~rf/sdL{!! lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf!@ anaxfb'/ e'h]n rGb|u9L, emfkf!# 6]s]Gb| clwsf/L rGb|u9L, emfkf!$ lk|ltl;+x lnDa" rGb|u9L, emfkf!% uf]kfn /fodfemL rGb|u9L, emfkf!^ nDa' rf}w/L rGb|u9L, emfkf!& 7saxfb'/ /fO{ rGb|u9L, emfkf!* lji0f' 7s'/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, emfkf

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!( 6]saxfb'/ /fhj=zL l;=;=sf= emfkf@) xf]dgfy e§/fO{ lh=lj=;=@! s0f{ >]i7 rfns@@ kbdaxfb'/ du/ lh=k|=sf=@# s'df/ e§/fO{ lhNnf cbfnt@$ s'df/ af]u6L l;=;'=sf=, emfkf@% /f]zg >]i7 l;=;'=sf=, emfkf@^ gjLg v8\sf l;=;'=sf=, emfkf

!@= ;Kt/L, # k'; @)&

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! ;'bLk kf7s ;b:o /f=df=c=cf=@ jL/]Gb|s'df/ ofbj lh= k|zf;g sfof{no# sf]dnk|;fb wdnf lh=lj=;=$ bfgl;+x af]x/f lh= k|= sf=% x[bogf/fo0f s08n ;;:q k|x/L^ ljdn yfkf g]kfnL ;]gf& /d]z e§/fO{ c+= k|x/L, sf7df8f}* dfwjL zfx 7s'/L WHR.SAP( clgtf b]jsf]6f WHR.SAP!) 1fg' e§/fO|{ P.L.C.C.!! k'gds'df/L ofbj cGt/ kf6L{ ;dfh!@ lji0f' sf]O/fnf lh= ;]jf s]Gb|!# ;''idf a:g]t lh= kf/flnun!$ ;ª\uLtf v8\sf lh=kf/flnun!% dgf]x/s'df/ kf]v/]n OG;]s, ;Kt/L!^ pdf kf]v/]n x'k]s, ;Kt/L!& clDasf bfxfn kqsf/ tyf s'/Llt cGTo ;dfh!* ljdnf k/fh'nL kqsf/ tyf s'/Llt cGTo ;dfh!( dg' vgfn -kf]]]v/]n_ ;+ljwfg ;"rgf s]Gb|, /fh lj/fh@) clgtf kf]v/]n lh=;]jf s]Gb|@! afns[00f 9'Ëfgf zDe' gf6\o@@ ;/o'ugfy bf;@# uf]ljGb|nfn >]i7 gful/s ;dfh@$ uf];fO ;fxf ;=lh=5=s=@% k|of]u lh=k=;=sf=@^ dx]Gb| jgjf;L rGb|df Pkm=Pd=@& afnb]js'df/ d08n /f=ckfË dxf;ª\3@* lji0f'k|;fb u'?ª /fhlj/fh g=kf=@( x]d/f]s/ ;fxL dw]z s|flGt ;fKtflxs#) ;'ldt ofbj ljBfyL{#! gjLgs'df/ u'Ktf kqsf/#@ ljhos'df/ b]j /f=lb=g=kf=s=## of]u]Gb|k|;fb /fo ljBfyL{#$ cf/=Pg= ljZjfz sflGtk'/ l6=eL=#% dfnf s0f{ sNofd b}lgs#^ h[j0fs'df/ b]j g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3#& ;~hLjljqmd zfx /]l8of] g]kfn#* k|sfz vltj8f Pkm= Pg= h]=#( o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=$) clhts'df/ 7fs'/ /f=df=c=cf=$! a'x/gf/fo0f ;fxgL /f=df=c=cf=If]=, hgsk'/$@ ho k|sfz ofbj :j=lj=o'= ;lrj$# gj/fh v8\sf lh=lj=;= ;Kt/L

65


$$ hubLzk|;fb cfo{n af}l4s ckfËtf

$% dx]Gb|s'df/ rf}w/L cWoIf k'=c= af/

$^ ;'lgns'df/ emf ;b\efjgf kf6L{

$& b]jgGb rf}w/L lgnlx/f ;dfh

$* pk]Gb| ;fx afn clwsf/ tyf afn ;dfh g]kfn

$( a}Bgfy emf cfhsf] jftfj0f

%) /fhgf/fo0f 7fs'/ hLhg sfof{no

%! /fd k|sfz rf}w/L ;xof]uL ;dfh

%@ od a= vkfËL du/ cf=h=df=lh=, cWoIf

%# lbjfs/ ;fx Go"h 6'8] b}lgs

%$ lbg]z zdf{ s[i0ff P=b}lgs

%% pk]Gb|s'df/ l;+x lh=s[=lj=sf=, ;Kt/L

%^ b]j/fd ofbj g6v6 b}lgs

%& ljGb's'df/ ofbj k"j{ k|eft b}lgs

%* sdn]Zj/ lj/f8L lh=lj=;=, ;Kt/L

%( cfdf ;]t' l;+x ;]sf8]x'/km

^) kltlglw >L s[i0f bn u0f

^! dbg lji6 >L s[i0f bn u0f

^@ od a/fn >L s[i0f bn u0f

^# /fh]Gb| v8\sf k|=lh=c= uf8{

^$ /fhs'df/ d]xtf lh=lj=;=

^% rGb|]Zj/ ofbj lh=lj=;=

^^ wd{b]j ofbj lh=lj=;=

^& ;'lzn ofbj lh=lj=;=

^* sfn' ljZjsdf{ lh=lj=;=

^( dx]Gb| ofbj lh=lj=;=

&) bLks ljZjsdf{ lh=lj=;=

&! nlntfb]jL lh=lj=;=

&@ hogf/fo0f yfkf lh=lj=;=

&# df]xDdb hfj]b cnL lhlj; ;Kt/L

&$ dx]z s'yfbj lhlj; ;Kt/L

&% g[kWjh wdnf c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&^ ;'dg bg'jf/ c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&& wjhn v8\sf c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&* lbg]z du/ c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&( af}jfnfn bg'jf/ lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*) s[i0f vltj8f lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*! bfgaxfb'/ ljs lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*@ /f]xg u'?Ë lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*# uh]Gb| /fO{ lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*$ k|ljg /fO{ lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*% uf]s'n gf/fo0f >]i7 l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

*^ lj/axfb'/ rf}w/L l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

*& bLks du/ l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

** e/taxfb'/ sfˆn] l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

*( ;'/h s'Fj/ l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

() /fh' ljZjsdf{ /f;;

!#= l;/fxf -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷k|zf;sx¿;d]t_, ! k'; @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! ;'lbk kf7s /f=df=c=cf=@ b'uf{k|;fb dxtf] ;du| If]=sf, nfxfg# /fhs'df/ /fpt g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g$ ;+r gf/fo0f ofbj g]skf Pdfn], c~rn ;b:o% s[i0f axfb'/ ofbj nfxfg^ b]js'df/L dx/f cf]/]s g]kfn, nfxfg& d'gL zfx k"j{ gu/ k|d'v, nfxfg* :jfdL z}n]Gb|s'df/ s0f{ g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g( /fs]z emf tdnf]kf= l;/xf!) a|Xds'df/L ;[hgf a|Xds'df/L /fhof]u s]Gb|!! kfj{tL rf}w/L g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g!@ /]0f' a|Xds'df/L /fhof]u s]Gb|!# /f]lxts'df/ d08n lxdfno 6fOD;!$ ;Gtf]if lg/f}nf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no, nfxfg!% dl0fnfn ljZjsdf{ kqsf/!^ lkm/f]h l;l4sL kqsf/!& Pd= dxtf]!* ;l/tf dxtf]!( nps'df/L zfx gu/ dlxnf cWoIf@) cho ofbj@! /fhs'df/ e6/fO{@@ k|ldnf dxtf]@# ;f]gL k+l8t@$ /fh' ljZjsdf{ /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt@% lgd{nf bfxfn lqmofzLn kqsf/@^ Plngf lxdfª\u' rf}w/L lqmofzLn kqsf/@& cg'kd emf ;f}uft@* hubLk ofbj@( ;Gtf]if ;fx student#) bfgk|;fb l3ld/] Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no, nfxfg#! /jLGb|k|;fb rf}w/L Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no, nfxfg#@ /fdbofn dxtf]## k|]dsnf s= zfx jL0ff OBC

#$ o1k|;fb clwsf/L NHRC

#% e'jg gfy NHRC

!$= l;/fxf -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷gful/s clwsf/sdL_,@ k'; @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! ;'bLk kf7s NHRC@ lzjgGbgk|;fb HURON# uf]kfn clwsf/L DDC, Siraha$ afbnk|;fb ofbj d=h=kmf]=g]kfn% /fhs'df/ /fpt HURON^ b'uf{ kl/of/ OG;]s& e/t uwf{ du/ sflGtk"/ b}lgs* buf{k|;fb dxtf] ;du| ;]=sf, nfxfg( b]js'df/L dx/f cf/=s] g]kfn!) gw'gL d08n g]kfn d=c ;ª\u7g s]Gb|!! ;'/]Gb|s'df/ sfdtL ;+jfbftf, sdfG8/ kf]i6!@ ;o{gf/fo0f 7fs'/ cf]d zflGt!# uf]kfnk|;fb b]a s[lif ljsf; sfof{no


qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!( ;'zLn >]i7 lh=k|=sf=, emfkf@) lbk]Gb|s'df/ vqL lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{no@! lbg]zs'df/ kf]v/]n sf]=n]=lg=sf=@@ dfwjk|;fb kf]v/]n l8lehg ;8s@# t'N;L k|;fO{ /fli6«o cg';Gwfg@$ cgGtaxfb'/ a'9fyf]sL g]kfn af/ P;f]l;o;g@% p4j lji6 lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@^ kfj{tf >]i7 ckfª\utf dlxnf ljefu@& Clif rfkfufO{ /f=c=d= g]kfn@* lgdf{0fs'df/ e§/fO{ d]rL eG;f/ sfof{no@( /d]zs'df/ cf]emf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no#) ;'d]Gb' /fhj+zL Jofj;flos ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|#! bLks clwsf/L gf}nf] cfjfh#@ uf]kfn lu/L gful/s Pkm=Pd## df]xDdb ;b?n /f;;#$ lrGtfdl0f bfxfn gful/s Pkm=Pd=#% vu]Gb| 9'ª\ufgf Pgl;l8l;#^ /]jtL/fh l3ld/] ;~rf/sdL{#& b|f]0f clwsf/L ;~rf/sdL{#* pQd g]kfn ;~rf/sdL{#( kª\sh zdf{ lxdfno 6]nLlehg$) lktfDa/ l3ld/] /fli6«o ckf+u dxf;ª\3$! s'df/l;+x vqL lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no$@ d]3gfy ltlD;gf lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no$# if8fgGb u'?Ë cf=/f=sf=, eb|k'/$$ ;Gtf]if l3ld/] eb|k'/ gu/kflnsf$% ljud >]i7 lxdlzvf/÷dfpG6]g l6=le=$^ kfy{ d08n ABC TV

$& nIdL Gof}kfg] aflnsf tyf lszf]/L gf=;=;c$* t]hk|;fb kf}8]n CDO, emfkf$( d's'Gb/fh cfrfo{ SP, lh=k|=sf=

!!= emfkf -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷gful/sclwsf/sdL{_, # k'; @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf=@ hLjgs'df/ >]i7 eb|k'/–^, g]=s=kf= Pdfn]# bLks lg/f}nf P8\ef]s;L kmf]/d, emfkf$ bLks clwsf/L ;~rf/sdL{% eujfg kf}8]n cf}iflw Joj;foL^ ;'j0f{s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=& OZj/ clwsf/L ;~rf/sdL{* u0f]z kf]v/]n g]kfnL sfª\u|]; If]qLo ;efklt( sf]if/fh Gof}kfg] /f=df=c=cf=!) pQd g]kfn ;~rf/sdL{!! lvdfgGb a:ofn /f=df=c=cf!@ anaxfb'/ e'h]n rGb|u9L, emfkf!# 6]s]Gb| clwsf/L rGb|u9L, emfkf!$ lk|ltl;+x lnDa" rGb|u9L, emfkf!% uf]kfn /fodfemL rGb|u9L, emfkf!^ nDa' rf}w/L rGb|u9L, emfkf!& 7saxfb'/ /fO{ rGb|u9L, emfkf!* lji0f' 7s'/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, emfkf

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!( 6]saxfb'/ /fhj=zL l;=;=sf= emfkf@) xf]dgfy e§/fO{ lh=lj=;=@! s0f{ >]i7 rfns@@ kbdaxfb'/ du/ lh=k|=sf=@# s'df/ e§/fO{ lhNnf cbfnt@$ s'df/ af]u6L l;=;'=sf=, emfkf@% /f]zg >]i7 l;=;'=sf=, emfkf@^ gjLg v8\sf l;=;'=sf=, emfkf

!@= ;Kt/L, # k'; @)&

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! ;'bLk kf7s ;b:o /f=df=c=cf=@ jL/]Gb|s'df/ ofbj lh= k|zf;g sfof{no# sf]dnk|;fb wdnf lh=lj=;=$ bfgl;+x af]x/f lh= k|= sf=% x[bogf/fo0f s08n ;;:q k|x/L^ ljdn yfkf g]kfnL ;]gf& /d]z e§/fO{ c+= k|x/L, sf7df8f}* dfwjL zfx 7s'/L WHR.SAP( clgtf b]jsf]6f WHR.SAP!) 1fg' e§/fO|{ P.L.C.C.!! k'gds'df/L ofbj cGt/ kf6L{ ;dfh!@ lji0f' sf]O/fnf lh= ;]jf s]Gb|!# ;''idf a:g]t lh= kf/flnun!$ ;ª\uLtf v8\sf lh=kf/flnun!% dgf]x/s'df/ kf]v/]n OG;]s, ;Kt/L!^ pdf kf]v/]n x'k]s, ;Kt/L!& clDasf bfxfn kqsf/ tyf s'/Llt cGTo ;dfh!* ljdnf k/fh'nL kqsf/ tyf s'/Llt cGTo ;dfh!( dg' vgfn -kf]]]v/]n_ ;+ljwfg ;"rgf s]Gb|, /fh lj/fh@) clgtf kf]v/]n lh=;]jf s]Gb|@! afns[00f 9'Ëfgf zDe' gf6\o@@ ;/o'ugfy bf;@# uf]ljGb|nfn >]i7 gful/s ;dfh@$ uf];fO ;fxf ;=lh=5=s=@% k|of]u lh=k=;=sf=@^ dx]Gb| jgjf;L rGb|df Pkm=Pd=@& afnb]js'df/ d08n /f=ckfË dxf;ª\3@* lji0f'k|;fb u'?ª /fhlj/fh g=kf=@( x]d/f]s/ ;fxL dw]z s|flGt ;fKtflxs#) ;'ldt ofbj ljBfyL{#! gjLgs'df/ u'Ktf kqsf/#@ ljhos'df/ b]j /f=lb=g=kf=s=## of]u]Gb|k|;fb /fo ljBfyL{#$ cf/=Pg= ljZjfz sflGtk'/ l6=eL=#% dfnf s0f{ sNofd b}lgs#^ h[j0fs'df/ b]j g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3#& ;~hLjljqmd zfx /]l8of] g]kfn#* k|sfz vltj8f Pkm= Pg= h]=#( o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=$) clhts'df/ 7fs'/ /f=df=c=cf=$! a'x/gf/fo0f ;fxgL /f=df=c=cf=If]=, hgsk'/$@ ho k|sfz ofbj :j=lj=o'= ;lrj$# gj/fh v8\sf lh=lj=;= ;Kt/L

65


$$ hubLzk|;fb cfo{n af}l4s ckfËtf

$% dx]Gb|s'df/ rf}w/L cWoIf k'=c= af/

$^ ;'lgns'df/ emf ;b\efjgf kf6L{

$& b]jgGb rf}w/L lgnlx/f ;dfh

$* pk]Gb| ;fx afn clwsf/ tyf afn ;dfh g]kfn

$( a}Bgfy emf cfhsf] jftfj0f

%) /fhgf/fo0f 7fs'/ hLhg sfof{no

%! /fd k|sfz rf}w/L ;xof]uL ;dfh

%@ od a= vkfËL du/ cf=h=df=lh=, cWoIf

%# lbjfs/ ;fx Go"h 6'8] b}lgs

%$ lbg]z zdf{ s[i0ff P=b}lgs

%% pk]Gb|s'df/ l;+x lh=s[=lj=sf=, ;Kt/L

%^ b]j/fd ofbj g6v6 b}lgs

%& ljGb's'df/ ofbj k"j{ k|eft b}lgs

%* sdn]Zj/ lj/f8L lh=lj=;=, ;Kt/L

%( cfdf ;]t' l;+x ;]sf8]x'/km

^) kltlglw >L s[i0f bn u0f

^! dbg lji6 >L s[i0f bn u0f

^@ od a/fn >L s[i0f bn u0f

^# /fh]Gb| v8\sf k|=lh=c= uf8{

^$ /fhs'df/ d]xtf lh=lj=;=

^% rGb|]Zj/ ofbj lh=lj=;=

^^ wd{b]j ofbj lh=lj=;=

^& ;'lzn ofbj lh=lj=;=

^* sfn' ljZjsdf{ lh=lj=;=

^( dx]Gb| ofbj lh=lj=;=

&) bLks ljZjsdf{ lh=lj=;=

&! nlntfb]jL lh=lj=;=

&@ hogf/fo0f yfkf lh=lj=;=

&# df]xDdb hfj]b cnL lhlj; ;Kt/L

&$ dx]z s'yfbj lhlj; ;Kt/L

&% g[kWjh wdnf c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&^ ;'dg bg'jf/ c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&& wjhn v8\sf c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&* lbg]z du/ c=k|=sf=, ;u/dfyf

&( af}jfnfn bg'jf/ lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*) s[i0f vltj8f lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*! bfgaxfb'/ ljs lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*@ /f]xg u'?Ë lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*# uh]Gb| /fO{ lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*$ k|ljg /fO{ lh=k|=sf=, ;Kt/L

*% uf]s'n gf/fo0f >]i7 l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

*^ lj/axfb'/ rf}w/L l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

*& bLks du/ l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

** e/taxfb'/ sfˆn] l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

*( ;'/h s'Fj/ l;=;'=sf=, ;Kt/L

() /fh' ljZjsdf{ /f;;

!#= l;/fxf -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷k|zf;sx¿;d]t_, ! k'; @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! ;'lbk kf7s /f=df=c=cf=@ b'uf{k|;fb dxtf] ;du| If]=sf, nfxfg# /fhs'df/ /fpt g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g$ ;+r gf/fo0f ofbj g]skf Pdfn], c~rn ;b:o% s[i0f axfb'/ ofbj nfxfg^ b]js'df/L dx/f cf]/]s g]kfn, nfxfg& d'gL zfx k"j{ gu/ k|d'v, nfxfg* :jfdL z}n]Gb|s'df/ s0f{ g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g( /fs]z emf tdnf]kf= l;/xf!) a|Xds'df/L ;[hgf a|Xds'df/L /fhof]u s]Gb|!! kfj{tL rf}w/L g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g!@ /]0f' a|Xds'df/L /fhof]u s]Gb|!# /f]lxts'df/ d08n lxdfno 6fOD;!$ ;Gtf]if lg/f}nf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no, nfxfg!% dl0fnfn ljZjsdf{ kqsf/!^ lkm/f]h l;l4sL kqsf/!& Pd= dxtf]!* ;l/tf dxtf]!( nps'df/L zfx gu/ dlxnf cWoIf@) cho ofbj@! /fhs'df/ e6/fO{@@ k|ldnf dxtf]@# ;f]gL k+l8t@$ /fh' ljZjsdf{ /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt@% lgd{nf bfxfn lqmofzLn kqsf/@^ Plngf lxdfª\u' rf}w/L lqmofzLn kqsf/@& cg'kd emf ;f}uft@* hubLk ofbj@( ;Gtf]if ;fx student#) bfgk|;fb l3ld/] Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no, nfxfg#! /jLGb|k|;fb rf}w/L Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no, nfxfg#@ /fdbofn dxtf]## k|]dsnf s= zfx jL0ff OBC

#$ o1k|;fb clwsf/L NHRC

#% e'jg gfy NHRC

!$= l;/fxf -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷gful/s clwsf/sdL_,@ k'; @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! ;'bLk kf7s NHRC@ lzjgGbgk|;fb HURON# uf]kfn clwsf/L DDC, Siraha$ afbnk|;fb ofbj d=h=kmf]=g]kfn% /fhs'df/ /fpt HURON^ b'uf{ kl/of/ OG;]s& e/t uwf{ du/ sflGtk"/ b}lgs* buf{k|;fb dxtf] ;du| ;]=sf, nfxfg( b]js'df/L dx/f cf/=s] g]kfn!) gw'gL d08n g]kfn d=c ;ª\u7g s]Gb|!! ;'/]Gb|s'df/ sfdtL ;+jfbftf, sdfG8/ kf]i6!@ ;o{gf/fo0f 7fs'/ cf]d zflGt!# uf]kfnk|;fb b]a s[lif ljsf; sfof{no


qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!$ b]jgf/fo0f zfx sflGtk"/ b}lgs!% lj=s] d~h' aXdfs'df/L /fh of]u ;]jf s]Gb|!^ la=s] l;tf aXdfs'df/L /fh of]u ;]jf s]Gb!& km'n]Zj/ ofbj g]=lj=k|f ljsf; s]Gb|, l;/fxf!* l;tf dxtf] cf]/]s g]kfn!( a|XdbQ dxtf]@) b]jL nfn /f=k|=kf= g]kfn@! >[of b]jL g]=s=kf= ;+o'St@@ :6l;nf b]jL kf;jfg blnt ;fDk|bflos ljsf;@# pkb]z 7fs'/ /f=c=lh=sf, l;/fxf@$ /l~hts'df/ l;ª g]kfnL ;]gf@% /fd;fu/ kf;jfg g]=s=kf dfn] ;=k@^ cAb'n snfd vfF lh=k|zf;g sfof{no@& /fdrl/qk|;fb zfx d=h=kmf]=nf]@* cf]d axfb'/ s6'jfn lh=lz=sf@( /d]z km'ofn l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf#) /fw]|Zofd 7fs'/ l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf#! uh]z v8\sf l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf#@ b'uf{ sfsL{ l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf## gj/fh l;Ub]n dfnkf]t sfof{no#$ dfgj ofbj ;b\efjgf kf6L{#% sf/L ofbj lh=lj=;=#^ S.P Gaurab ICT kqsf/ ljsf; d~r#& ljhos'df/ ofbj lh=lj=;#* /fdsdfn zfx lh=k|=sf, l;/fxf#( dx]zs'df/ >]i7 ;Ldf ;'/Iff sfof{no, l;/fxf$) b]j /fh kf]v|]n ;du| hgpTyfg s]Gb|, OG;]s$! OGb| l;Fx nfdf /fli6«o cg';Gwfg lh=sf$@ ab|Lgf/fo0f ofbj gj hfu[lt ;fKtflxs$# /]0f' s0f{ d'lSt g]kfn$$ of]u]Gb| zfx s[lif ljsf; a}+s$% sfd]Zj/ zfx /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s$^ ;Gtf]if ;'j]bL uf]/vfkq$& b]js'df/ ofbj g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3$* u0f]z zfx ;u/dfyf l6=le$( ljZjgf/fo0f ld>f g]=lj=k|f, nfxfg%) o1k|;fb clwsf/L NHRC%! gu]Gb| vltj8f lh=k|=sf%@ lj/]Gb|k|;fb ofbj k|zf;g%# d'6s'g ofbj lhk|sf%$ ljZjls/0f rf}w/L lhk|sf%% a'l4dfg rf}w/L k||zf;g%^ uf]ljGbs'df/ dfemL k|zf;g%& cf;gf dfemL lhk|sf%* /fds'df/ dfemL lhk|sf%( s[i0f ahufO{ lhk|sf^) /fdk|;fb d08n k|zf;g^! lhj5 zfx dfgj clwsf/ ljsf; s]Gb|^@ /fdb]j ofbj g]=/]=;f], l;/fxf^# k|df]b ofbj g]skf Pdfn]^$ ;Gtf]ifs'df/ tdnf]kf^% lhj5 ofbj Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL^^ 8f=gjLgs'df/ Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL^& ;~hLjs'df/ l;+x g]dlskf^* k|df]bs'df/ ld> ;b\efjgf kf6L{^( xF;' d'lvof vfg]kfgL of]hgf, l;/xf&) zª\s/ nfn s0f{ sf/fuf/ sfof{no&! /fhs'df/ ofbj /f=k|=kf&@ ch'{g yklnof kqsf/&# g/]zs'df/ ofbj g]=sfF

!%= wgu9L, % k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=@ dxfb]j kGy lhNnf k|zf;g sfo{no# df]xgb]j hf]zL /f=df=c=cf=$ lbk]Gb| axfb'/ l;+x dfgj clwsf/ kl/ifb\% OGb' rf}w/L yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL ;ef, s}nfnL^ eujtL hf]zL åGåkLl8t tyf s[ifs xslxt& ;'dg zdf{ dfgj clwsf/sf] nflu dlxnf Psn

dlxnf ;d"x* h'lugf rf}w/L d'Qm sdn/L ljsf; d~r( cf/wgf >]i7 /fli6«o HIV dxf;ª\3!) ljZjDe/ emf d=h=km -nf]_ g]kfn!! s]zj/fh ld> g]kfnL sfª\u|];!@ lj/fh /f]:of/f uf]bfj/L PkmPd!# 8Dd/ lu/L /]l8of] klZrd 6]«8, wgu9L!$ lznr/0f rf}w/L dfOtL g]kfn!% jf;'b]j e§/fO{ zflGt k'g:yf{kgf u[x!^ ;'/axfb'/ kl/of/ OG;]s, wgu9L!& bLks cf]nL /fhwfgL b}lgs!* ;'lgn cfp8L sf];]nL Pkm=Pd!( od ad cg'df]bg b}lgs@) vu]Gb| e§ jN8{ lehg OG6/g]zgn@! 8f]n/fh hf]zL ps g]kfn@@ nLnf e§ l;ljg g]kfn@# bL3{ hf]zL g]skf Pdfn]@$ u0f]zaxfb'/ l;+x lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@% wgklt 9'ª\u]n kmfof g]kfn@^ t]htf/f0fL du/ g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;ª\3@& pk]Gb|axfb'/ :jfF/ dfnkf]t sfof{no@* l;4/fh cf]emf P8h; g]kfn@( k|]d rf}w/L kx'/f b}lgs#) gj/fh /fgf g]kfn /fgf yf? ;dfh#! s'De/fh zdf{ lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no#@ ljlgtfs'df/L l;+x lgnlx/f ;dfh, s}nfnL

## v]df hf]zL ?8's s}nfnL

#$ dgf]hs'df/ ofbj >d sfof{no ;]tL

#% e'k]Gb|axfb'/ wfdL /f=df=c=cf=

#^ u0f]zaxfb'/ dnn åGå kLl8t tyf s[ifs xslxt ;ª\3

#& ;'lht rf}w/L o'jf cleofg, wgu9L

#* cf]dk|sfz hf]zL /f=k|=kf= g]kfn

#( 6]saxfb'/ yfkf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no

$) pWoaxfb'/ l;+x lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, s}nfnL

$! dfwj nf]xgL l;ljg g]kfn

$@ g/axfb'/ k'g g]kfnL ;]gf

$# hol;+x lji6 g]kfn k'ln;

$$ lxdfno ljqmd lji6 s}nfnL lhNnf af/ OsfO{

$% xl/s[i0f kf08]o :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt

$^ hutgf/fo0f >]i7 ;z:q k|x/L an ;Ldf ;'/Iff

$& ljqmd rGb lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

$* /fh]Gb|axfb'/ ;fpb g]kfn af/ P;f]l;o;g

$( eLdaxfb'/ zfx s}nfnL ckf+u sfo{ ;~hfn

%) s[i0fk|;fb nD;fn lh=lj=;= s}nfnL

67

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf%! s0f{ zfx wgu9L kfj/ b}lgs%@ ljb]z/fd rf}w/L /f=df=c=cf%# xl/l;+x rf}w/L l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%$ uf]kfn hk|]n l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%% s]zj af]x/f l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%^ /fh]Gb| s'Fj/ l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%& /fh]Gb| lji6 l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%* wdw/ e§ l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%( kjgs'df/ e§ /f=df=c=cf^) afnd's'Gb sfsL{ /f=df=c=cf=^! ljsf; /fO{ /f=df=c=cf=^@ dlxdf rf}w/L /f=df=c=cf=

!^= 8f]6L, ^ k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=@ nf]sgfy kf}8\ofn lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no# /fdxl/bf; >]i7 If]=lz=lg=;'=k=, lbkfon$ cldts'df/ emf lhNnf :jf;Yo sfof{no% dw's/ /fgf ;'=k= l;+rfO ljsf; l8lehg^ k|sfz /3'j+zL zf=lj= tyf e=lg=df]= ljefu& ;'zLnafa' 9sfn l8=;=sf= 8f]6L* a;Gts'df/ vqL lhNnf lzIff sfof{no( 8f= l8s/b]j e§ If]=k=;]=lg!) ;]gfgL lji0f'axfb'/ sfsL{ lzjbn u0f!! uugrGb| 7s'/L sf=k|=6=;=sf= lbkfon!@ dbg/fh hf]zL lh= k|fljlws sfof{no!# s[i0fbQ kf08]o lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no!$ cPd ljqmd zfx dfkf]x= dfnkf]t sfof{no, 8f]6L!% uf]/vaxfb'/ /fgf lg=x'sf=l;nu9L!^ jf}Pnfn rf}w/L /]l8of] g]kfn!& lzjk|;fb zdf{ lhNnf jg clws[t, c5fd!* k'ik/fh atf}{nf lhNnf jg sfof{no!( nIdLs'df/ lj=s l/=;=sf=, 8f]6L@) bfgaxfb'/ P]/L tdfË sfof{no, 8f]6L@! ;'/]Gb| e§ :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt@@ bnaxfb'/ dnf;L lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no@# k|sfzaxfb'/ cfn] 3/]n' ;ldlt, /fhk'/@$ o1/fh kf7s sf/fuf/ sfof{no@% /d]zrGb| cj:yL hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f@^ /fdk|;fb cf]emf If]qLo :jf:Yo lgb]{zfgno@& OZj/s'df/ >]i7 sf]=n]=lg=sf=@* 8Da/bQ af]s6L ;'=k=If]=;8s lgb]{zgfno@( s]bf/ vltj8f jN8{ lehg OG6/g]zgn#) k|sfz /fjn vfg]kfgL tyf 9nlgsf; ljefu#! df]xgaxfb'/ s'Fj/ /f=c=lh=sf=, 8f]6L#@ Wofgaxfb'/ yfkf lh=lj=;=## /d]zrGb| hf]zL l8=l;=g=kf= sfof{no#$ gj/fh hf]zL OG;]s 8f]6L#% ;ljgf >]i7 d=tyf af=sf= 8f]6L#^ lhpg /fpt clx/ lh=e"=;+=sf= 8f]6L#& of]u]Gb| anfof kqsf/ dxf;ª\3, 8f]6L#* k|=p= ef]hhª\u zfx lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

!&= c5fd, & k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=

@ cfgGb zdf{ e'iffn lhNnf k|zf;g sfo{no

# df]xgb]j hf]zL /f=df=c=cf=

$ emk6/fh 9'ª\ufgf lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no

% t]haxfb'/ lji6 /f=k|=kf= cWoIf

^ lzj/fh 9'ª\ufgf OG;]s, c5fd

& s[i0f zfxL c5fd lhNnf cbfnt

* gf/fo0f rGb lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, c5fd

( lzjk|;fb s'Fj/ lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no

!) a]n'b]jL If]qL lh=k|=sf=, c5fd

!! e'k]Gb| l;+x lh=k|=sf=, c5fd

!@ xf]daxfb'/ ;fpb /]l8of] hglk|o

!# lzj/fh 9'ª\ufgf = lk;ljg, c5fd

!$ pl4kaxfb'/ l;+x APF vKt8

!% zld{nf w/]n /]l8of] hglk|o

!^ g/]Gb|axfb'/ af]xf]/f Pdfcf]jfbL

!& k|]daxfb'/ a'9f lhNnf afnsfNof0f ;ldlt

!* uf]df k|;fO{ dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no

!( ;/:jtL /fjn dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs

@) ljGb' /fjn ;]js g]kfn

@! ?k/fh 9'ª\ufgf /f=c=lh=sf=, c5fd

@@ dx]Gb| g]kfnL sf/fuf/ sfof{no, c5fd

@# 5qaxfb'/ lji6 gful/s ;dfh

@$ w'|js'df/ zfxL g]=/]=;f]=, c5fd

@% eLdaxfb'/ hgfnf g]skf Pdfn]

@^ hgs/fh e08f/L g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3

@& ;'s]Zj/ emf lh=s[=lj=sf=c5fd

@* ;l/tf pkfWofo cGt/kf6L d= ;~hfn

@( clgns'df/ lji6 :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt

#) 1fgk|sfz kf}8]n vfg]kfgL ;a l8lehg sfof{no

#! eQm/fh lu/L lhNnf jg sfof{no, c5fd

#@ /fdaxfb'/ zfx g]kfnL sfª\u|];

## sdnk|;fb 9'ª\ufgf c5fd pBf]u afl0fHo ;ª\3

#$ g/]zs'df/ zfxL /fdf/f]zg b}lgs

#% v8\uaxfb'/ v8\sf lhNnf af/ PsfO{

#^ xl/bQ hf]zL lhNnf lzIff sfof{no

#& lzj/fh vqL /]l8of] c5fd

#* s]zjbQ hf]zL lhNnf k|zf;g uf8{

#( nf]saxfb'/ ;'gf/ k|x/Lrf}sL dª\un;]g

$) g/axfb'/ tfdfË k|x/Lrf}sL dª\un;]g

$! t'naxfb'/ s'Fj/ a}Bgfy /f=b}lgs

$@ 6]s/fh e08f/L :6]zg Dofg]h/, /]l8of] /fdf/f]zg

$# lji0f'k|;fb e08f/L PleGo"h l6=le=

$$ s[i0fk|;fb 9'ª\ufgf g]=jf=P=lh=jf=P=, c5fd

$% nIdL ;f]j blnt dlxnf ;ª\3

$^ cK;/f s'Fj/ dlxnf clwsf/ d~r


qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf!$ b]jgf/fo0f zfx sflGtk"/ b}lgs!% lj=s] d~h' aXdfs'df/L /fh of]u ;]jf s]Gb|!^ la=s] l;tf aXdfs'df/L /fh of]u ;]jf s]Gb!& km'n]Zj/ ofbj g]=lj=k|f ljsf; s]Gb|, l;/fxf!* l;tf dxtf] cf]/]s g]kfn!( a|XdbQ dxtf]@) b]jL nfn /f=k|=kf= g]kfn@! >[of b]jL g]=s=kf= ;+o'St@@ :6l;nf b]jL kf;jfg blnt ;fDk|bflos ljsf;@# pkb]z 7fs'/ /f=c=lh=sf, l;/fxf@$ /l~hts'df/ l;ª g]kfnL ;]gf@% /fd;fu/ kf;jfg g]=s=kf dfn] ;=k@^ cAb'n snfd vfF lh=k|zf;g sfof{no@& /fdrl/qk|;fb zfx d=h=kmf]=nf]@* cf]d axfb'/ s6'jfn lh=lz=sf@( /d]z km'ofn l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf#) /fw]|Zofd 7fs'/ l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf#! uh]z v8\sf l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf#@ b'uf{ sfsL{ l;=;'=sf=, l;/fxf## gj/fh l;Ub]n dfnkf]t sfof{no#$ dfgj ofbj ;b\efjgf kf6L{#% sf/L ofbj lh=lj=;=#^ S.P Gaurab ICT kqsf/ ljsf; d~r#& ljhos'df/ ofbj lh=lj=;#* /fdsdfn zfx lh=k|=sf, l;/fxf#( dx]zs'df/ >]i7 ;Ldf ;'/Iff sfof{no, l;/fxf$) b]j /fh kf]v|]n ;du| hgpTyfg s]Gb|, OG;]s$! OGb| l;Fx nfdf /fli6«o cg';Gwfg lh=sf$@ ab|Lgf/fo0f ofbj gj hfu[lt ;fKtflxs$# /]0f' s0f{ d'lSt g]kfn$$ of]u]Gb| zfx s[lif ljsf; a}+s$% sfd]Zj/ zfx /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s$^ ;Gtf]if ;'j]bL uf]/vfkq$& b]js'df/ ofbj g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3$* u0f]z zfx ;u/dfyf l6=le$( ljZjgf/fo0f ld>f g]=lj=k|f, nfxfg%) o1k|;fb clwsf/L NHRC%! gu]Gb| vltj8f lh=k|=sf%@ lj/]Gb|k|;fb ofbj k|zf;g%# d'6s'g ofbj lhk|sf%$ ljZjls/0f rf}w/L lhk|sf%% a'l4dfg rf}w/L k||zf;g%^ uf]ljGbs'df/ dfemL k|zf;g%& cf;gf dfemL lhk|sf%* /fds'df/ dfemL lhk|sf%( s[i0f ahufO{ lhk|sf^) /fdk|;fb d08n k|zf;g^! lhj5 zfx dfgj clwsf/ ljsf; s]Gb|^@ /fdb]j ofbj g]=/]=;f], l;/fxf^# k|df]b ofbj g]skf Pdfn]^$ ;Gtf]ifs'df/ tdnf]kf^% lhj5 ofbj Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL^^ 8f=gjLgs'df/ Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL^& ;~hLjs'df/ l;+x g]dlskf^* k|df]bs'df/ ld> ;b\efjgf kf6L{^( xF;' d'lvof vfg]kfgL of]hgf, l;/xf&) zª\s/ nfn s0f{ sf/fuf/ sfof{no&! /fhs'df/ ofbj /f=k|=kf&@ ch'{g yklnof kqsf/&# g/]zs'df/ ofbj g]=sfF

!%= wgu9L, % k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=@ dxfb]j kGy lhNnf k|zf;g sfo{no# df]xgb]j hf]zL /f=df=c=cf=$ lbk]Gb| axfb'/ l;+x dfgj clwsf/ kl/ifb\% OGb' rf}w/L yf? sNof0fsfl/0fL ;ef, s}nfnL^ eujtL hf]zL åGåkLl8t tyf s[ifs xslxt& ;'dg zdf{ dfgj clwsf/sf] nflu dlxnf Psn

dlxnf ;d"x* h'lugf rf}w/L d'Qm sdn/L ljsf; d~r( cf/wgf >]i7 /fli6«o HIV dxf;ª\3!) ljZjDe/ emf d=h=km -nf]_ g]kfn!! s]zj/fh ld> g]kfnL sfª\u|];!@ lj/fh /f]:of/f uf]bfj/L PkmPd!# 8Dd/ lu/L /]l8of] klZrd 6]«8, wgu9L!$ lznr/0f rf}w/L dfOtL g]kfn!% jf;'b]j e§/fO{ zflGt k'g:yf{kgf u[x!^ ;'/axfb'/ kl/of/ OG;]s, wgu9L!& bLks cf]nL /fhwfgL b}lgs!* ;'lgn cfp8L sf];]nL Pkm=Pd!( od ad cg'df]bg b}lgs@) vu]Gb| e§ jN8{ lehg OG6/g]zgn@! 8f]n/fh hf]zL ps g]kfn@@ nLnf e§ l;ljg g]kfn@# bL3{ hf]zL g]skf Pdfn]@$ u0f]zaxfb'/ l;+x lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@% wgklt 9'ª\u]n kmfof g]kfn@^ t]htf/f0fL du/ g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;ª\3@& pk]Gb|axfb'/ :jfF/ dfnkf]t sfof{no@* l;4/fh cf]emf P8h; g]kfn@( k|]d rf}w/L kx'/f b}lgs#) gj/fh /fgf g]kfn /fgf yf? ;dfh#! s'De/fh zdf{ lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no#@ ljlgtfs'df/L l;+x lgnlx/f ;dfh, s}nfnL

## v]df hf]zL ?8's s}nfnL

#$ dgf]hs'df/ ofbj >d sfof{no ;]tL

#% e'k]Gb|axfb'/ wfdL /f=df=c=cf=

#^ u0f]zaxfb'/ dnn åGå kLl8t tyf s[ifs xslxt ;ª\3

#& ;'lht rf}w/L o'jf cleofg, wgu9L

#* cf]dk|sfz hf]zL /f=k|=kf= g]kfn

#( 6]saxfb'/ yfkf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no

$) pWoaxfb'/ l;+x lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, s}nfnL

$! dfwj nf]xgL l;ljg g]kfn

$@ g/axfb'/ k'g g]kfnL ;]gf

$# hol;+x lji6 g]kfn k'ln;

$$ lxdfno ljqmd lji6 s}nfnL lhNnf af/ OsfO{

$% xl/s[i0f kf08]o :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt

$^ hutgf/fo0f >]i7 ;z:q k|x/L an ;Ldf ;'/Iff

$& ljqmd rGb lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

$* /fh]Gb|axfb'/ ;fpb g]kfn af/ P;f]l;o;g

$( eLdaxfb'/ zfx s}nfnL ckf+u sfo{ ;~hfn

%) s[i0fk|;fb nD;fn lh=lj=;= s}nfnL

67

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf%! s0f{ zfx wgu9L kfj/ b}lgs%@ ljb]z/fd rf}w/L /f=df=c=cf%# xl/l;+x rf}w/L l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%$ uf]kfn hk|]n l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%% s]zj af]x/f l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%^ /fh]Gb| s'Fj/ l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%& /fh]Gb| lji6 l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%* wdw/ e§ l;=;'=sf=, s}nfnL%( kjgs'df/ e§ /f=df=c=cf^) afnd's'Gb sfsL{ /f=df=c=cf=^! ljsf; /fO{ /f=df=c=cf=^@ dlxdf rf}w/L /f=df=c=cf=

!^= 8f]6L, ^ k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=@ nf]sgfy kf}8\ofn lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no# /fdxl/bf; >]i7 If]=lz=lg=;'=k=, lbkfon$ cldts'df/ emf lhNnf :jf;Yo sfof{no% dw's/ /fgf ;'=k= l;+rfO ljsf; l8lehg^ k|sfz /3'j+zL zf=lj= tyf e=lg=df]= ljefu& ;'zLnafa' 9sfn l8=;=sf= 8f]6L* a;Gts'df/ vqL lhNnf lzIff sfof{no( 8f= l8s/b]j e§ If]=k=;]=lg!) ;]gfgL lji0f'axfb'/ sfsL{ lzjbn u0f!! uugrGb| 7s'/L sf=k|=6=;=sf= lbkfon!@ dbg/fh hf]zL lh= k|fljlws sfof{no!# s[i0fbQ kf08]o lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no!$ cPd ljqmd zfx dfkf]x= dfnkf]t sfof{no, 8f]6L!% uf]/vaxfb'/ /fgf lg=x'sf=l;nu9L!^ jf}Pnfn rf}w/L /]l8of] g]kfn!& lzjk|;fb zdf{ lhNnf jg clws[t, c5fd!* k'ik/fh atf}{nf lhNnf jg sfof{no!( nIdLs'df/ lj=s l/=;=sf=, 8f]6L@) bfgaxfb'/ P]/L tdfË sfof{no, 8f]6L@! ;'/]Gb| e§ :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt@@ bnaxfb'/ dnf;L lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no@# k|sfzaxfb'/ cfn] 3/]n' ;ldlt, /fhk'/@$ o1/fh kf7s sf/fuf/ sfof{no@% /d]zrGb| cj:yL hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f@^ /fdk|;fb cf]emf If]qLo :jf:Yo lgb]{zfgno@& OZj/s'df/ >]i7 sf]=n]=lg=sf=@* 8Da/bQ af]s6L ;'=k=If]=;8s lgb]{zgfno@( s]bf/ vltj8f jN8{ lehg OG6/g]zgn#) k|sfz /fjn vfg]kfgL tyf 9nlgsf; ljefu#! df]xgaxfb'/ s'Fj/ /f=c=lh=sf=, 8f]6L#@ Wofgaxfb'/ yfkf lh=lj=;=## /d]zrGb| hf]zL l8=l;=g=kf= sfof{no#$ gj/fh hf]zL OG;]s 8f]6L#% ;ljgf >]i7 d=tyf af=sf= 8f]6L#^ lhpg /fpt clx/ lh=e"=;+=sf= 8f]6L#& of]u]Gb| anfof kqsf/ dxf;ª\3, 8f]6L#* k|=p= ef]hhª\u zfx lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

!&= c5fd, & k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=

@ cfgGb zdf{ e'iffn lhNnf k|zf;g sfo{no

# df]xgb]j hf]zL /f=df=c=cf=

$ emk6/fh 9'ª\ufgf lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no

% t]haxfb'/ lji6 /f=k|=kf= cWoIf

^ lzj/fh 9'ª\ufgf OG;]s, c5fd

& s[i0f zfxL c5fd lhNnf cbfnt

* gf/fo0f rGb lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, c5fd

( lzjk|;fb s'Fj/ lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no

!) a]n'b]jL If]qL lh=k|=sf=, c5fd

!! e'k]Gb| l;+x lh=k|=sf=, c5fd

!@ xf]daxfb'/ ;fpb /]l8of] hglk|o

!# lzj/fh 9'ª\ufgf = lk;ljg, c5fd

!$ pl4kaxfb'/ l;+x APF vKt8

!% zld{nf w/]n /]l8of] hglk|o

!^ g/]Gb|axfb'/ af]xf]/f Pdfcf]jfbL

!& k|]daxfb'/ a'9f lhNnf afnsfNof0f ;ldlt

!* uf]df k|;fO{ dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no

!( ;/:jtL /fjn dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs

@) ljGb' /fjn ;]js g]kfn

@! ?k/fh 9'ª\ufgf /f=c=lh=sf=, c5fd

@@ dx]Gb| g]kfnL sf/fuf/ sfof{no, c5fd

@# 5qaxfb'/ lji6 gful/s ;dfh

@$ w'|js'df/ zfxL g]=/]=;f]=, c5fd

@% eLdaxfb'/ hgfnf g]skf Pdfn]

@^ hgs/fh e08f/L g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3

@& ;'s]Zj/ emf lh=s[=lj=sf=c5fd

@* ;l/tf pkfWofo cGt/kf6L d= ;~hfn

@( clgns'df/ lji6 :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt

#) 1fgk|sfz kf}8]n vfg]kfgL ;a l8lehg sfof{no

#! eQm/fh lu/L lhNnf jg sfof{no, c5fd

#@ /fdaxfb'/ zfx g]kfnL sfª\u|];

## sdnk|;fb 9'ª\ufgf c5fd pBf]u afl0fHo ;ª\3

#$ g/]zs'df/ zfxL /fdf/f]zg b}lgs

#% v8\uaxfb'/ v8\sf lhNnf af/ PsfO{

#^ xl/bQ hf]zL lhNnf lzIff sfof{no

#& lzj/fh vqL /]l8of] c5fd

#* s]zjbQ hf]zL lhNnf k|zf;g uf8{

#( nf]saxfb'/ ;'gf/ k|x/Lrf}sL dª\un;]g

$) g/axfb'/ tfdfË k|x/Lrf}sL dª\un;]g

$! t'naxfb'/ s'Fj/ a}Bgfy /f=b}lgs

$@ 6]s/fh e08f/L :6]zg Dofg]h/, /]l8of] /fdf/f]zg

$# lji0f'k|;fb e08f/L PleGo"h l6=le=

$$ s[i0fk|;fb 9'ª\ufgf g]=jf=P=lh=jf=P=, c5fd

$% nIdL ;f]j blnt dlxnf ;ª\3

$^ cK;/f s'Fj/ dlxnf clwsf/ d~r


!*= 88]Nw'/f, ( k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=@ ;'Gb/ h}? NNDSWO g]=sf=b=;= s= ;ª\3# k|sfz ef6 NH

$ e/t g]kfnL u|fdL0f blnt ;'wf/ ;ldlt% nlnt af]xf]/f /]l8of] cd/u9L^ /fh]Gb| 7u'Ggf OG;]s lhNnf k|ltlglw& x]dGt zfxL cWoIf u};; dxf;ª\3 g]kfn* /d]zl;+x 7u'Ggf x/d; k|ltlglw( wgfb]jL h}? Psn dlxnf cWoIf!) cflzif dNn Pglhcf] km]8/];g!! kb\df e08f/L dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs!@ c~h' u}/] x/d; cWoIf!# wgf h}? Psn dlxnf ;ldlt!$ lxSdt a= l;+x PldGo"h l6le!% ;'lgtf u}/] dlxnf d'lQm ;dfh!^ tf/f vftL MSBKN

!& /flwsf /f]sf b'j] blnt dlxnf ;ª\3!* k|]daxfb'/ dx/ MPDS, 88]nw'/f!( nfnaxfb'/ P]/L sflGtk'/ l6eL@) lszf]/L wfdL k]8f] 88]nw'/f@! t'nf/fd kg]? Osf8{; g]kfn 88]nw'/f@@ 6]s s];L@# lzj/fh hf]zL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, 88]nw'/f@$ b'uf{bQ lji6 lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@% s[i0fb]j hf]zL lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no@^ ljGb' r6f}t dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no@& lbg]zk|;fb ;fksf]6f lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no@* lzjbQ e§

!(= /f}tx6, @( dª\l;/ @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! ;'lbk kf7s /f=df=c=cf=@ dbg e'h]n lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no# xl/ZrGb| 9'ª\ufgf lhNnf cbfnt /f}tx6$ df]xgk|;fb zdf{ h]i7 gful/s% ljqmd lszf]/ emf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g^ /d]zs'df/ >Ljf:tj uf}/Lzª\s/ SofDk; /f}tx6& a}Bgfyk|;fb l;+x h'4 pRr df=lj=* clg?b| dxtf] g]=af=P=, /f}tx6( hubLz /fo ofbj g]=af=P=, /f}tx6!) ljGbf ;xgL dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn!! ;fg'afa' yklnof lh=k|=sf=!@ ;Gh' a}7f NNDSWO!# ;/f]h sfsL{ g]kfn cfdL{!$ ejgfy emf UNFPA!% afa'nfn zfx sfg" t=d=nf]=kf!^ cho u'Ktf d=h=kmf]=, g]kfn!& kf/; x';}g RDC, g]kfn!* uLtfb]jL dxtf] cGt/ kf6L dlxnf ;~hfn!( lagf /fpt gf/L r]tgf ;xsf/L@) ls/0f 7fs'/ dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfo{no@! dxDdb ds;' /fFsL s]Gb|Lo xh ;ldlt


@@ df]xg d]xtf lh=s[=lj=sf= uf}/@# x]dGt /fo ofbj ;fd'bflos zlQm, uf}/@$ /fd >]i7 ISDN /f}tx6@% d'lgGb|s'df/ 7fs'/ /f}tx6 p=jf= ;ª\3@^ /fdljnf; k6]n s[=lj=a}+s uf}/@& nIdLgf/fo0f kf08] kt~hnL of]u@* dx]Zj/nfn s0f{ h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;ª\3@( lzjzª\s/ kf;jfg blnt g]6js{#) e/tsfhL cof{n lh=lz=sf=#! k|jL0f l6a8]jfn t/fO{ 6]lnlehg#@ /fdk'sf/ /fpt /fhb]jL ldl8of ;]G6/## wd]{Gb|s'df/ ;fx /f}tx6 Pkm=Pd#$ ;GbLks'df/ ;fx :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt#% 5ljnfnk|;fb ofbj /f=k|=kf= g]kfn#^ z]v hd;}b ;b\efjgf kf6L{#& /;]/fOn cG;f/L /f=d=;=kf#* /]jGt emf g]skf Pdfn]#( /ljGb|k|;fb ;fx sf]lxg'/ Pkm=Pd$) lzjk|;fb yfkf l;;'sf$! ljZj rfnfs lhNnf k|zf;g$@ ljb'/ v8\sf ;=k|j= l;=;'=sf=$# s0f{ dxt cGgk"0f{ kf]i6$$ x/]Gb|k|;fb u'Ktf lhNnf :jf:Yo sfo{no$% wL/]Gb|k|;fb b]j gfkL sfof{no$^ ljBfs'df/ yfkf /fli6«o cg';Gwfg sfof{no$& ;'lgns'df/ 7fs'/ lhNnf x'nfs /f}tx6$* g/]Gb| emf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no$( sfd]Zj/s'df/ adf{ OlGhlgo/%) /hgLsfGt emf ;nf{xL%! go'gLk|;fb rf}w/L g]=k=bn%@ z}n]Gb| u'Ktf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3%# k|]drGb| emf sflGtk'/ b}lgs%$ e/t e§/fO{ ;z:q k|x/L%% lszf]/k|;fb ofbj hgky k|x/L%^ lzj clwsf/L g]kfn cfdL{%& hLjg /fo /f}=lh=c=%* o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=%( e'jg gfy /f=df=c=cf=^) /fh]Gb|k|;fb rf}w/L l8lehg ;8s sfof{no^! hok|sfz ofbj g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3^@ b]jsL g]kfn dlxnf ;'/Iff bafa ;d"x^# ljlkg uf}td OG;]s k|ltlglw^$ huGgfyk|;fb s];/L gful/s ;dfh^% nId0f dxtf] /fli6«o afl0fHo j}+s^^ v8\uaxfb'/ sfsL{ sf/fuf/ /f}tx6^& dw';'bg pkfWofo l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no^* /d]z 7fs'/ sflGtk'/ 6]nLlehg^( ljGb]Zj/ ofbj Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL&) hLjg s'dfn g]kfn k|x/L&! ;Gtf]if rf}w/L&@ s; tfhk'l/of&# k|sfz kf}8]n&$ afa'/fd nfdf lh=k|=sf=

69


&% cfO6 nfdf lh=k|=sf=&^ /fds'df/ aflgof /]8qm; /f}tx6&& k|efts'df/ emf lb lxdfno 6fOD;&* uf}td >]i7 PleGo"h l6eL&( gj/fh ljZjsdf{ lh=;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no*) ;'/h lnDj' lgnlx/f ;dfh*! sf]lknf ltldN;gf zlQm;d"x*@ cledg' /fpt lxdfnog 6]lnlehg*# nflvGb/ ;fx /fli6«o hgdf]rf{*$ zzLe"if0f >]i7 g]=s=kf= ;+o'Qm*% d6's kf;jfg a=;= kf6L{*^ xl/z/0f eh]n g]kfn cfdL{*& x'daxfb'/ /fgf g]kfn cfdL{** sflGt b]jL åGå kLl8t*( ;'bhdg b]jL kf;jfg ;lxb kl/jf/() ;/f]h emf åGå kLl8t(! /fh]z l;+x åGå kLl8t(@ k|sfz sfsL{ lh=k|=sf=

@)= 8f]6L -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷gful/s clwsf/sdL{_,^ k'; @)&!


1. uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofn NHRC

2. g/]zdfg >]i7 /]8qm;, 8f]6L3. g/]z cfn] /fli6«o hgdf]rf{, 8f]6L4. uf]kL g]kfnL /f=k|=kf= g]kfn5. e/taxfb'/ af]xf]/f -of]u]Gb|_ P=g]=s=kf dfcf]jfbL6. rs| dNn cWoIf–g]skf -Pdfn]_, 8f]6L7. s0f{ axfb'/ rGb gofF klqsf /fli6«o b}lgs8. lzj cf]nL ;fd'bflos /]l8of] z}n]Zj/L9. xl/s[i0f tfd|sf/ ;fd'bflos /]l8of] lqj]0fL FM

10. ozf]bf u'?Ë d=df=c= /Ifs ;~hfn, 8f]6L11. zf/bf e6\6 d=clwsf/ d~r, 8f]6L12. /f]zg af]u6L ckfª\u ;]jf ;ª\3, 8f]6L13. vu]Gb| g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt g]6js{, 8f]6L14. zª\s/bLk d}8 Hurpec Doti

15. b]jsL af]x/f ;'=cNksfnLg lhNnf d=;]jf s]Gb|16. zª\s/ yfkf /]l8of] g]kfn, 8f]6L17. bL3{ vqL OG;]s -lhNnf k|ltlglw_18. gj/fh hf]zL OG;]s,8f]6L19. ljho v8\sf g]kfnL sfFu|];20. zzL ;f]k df]8f]21. uf]/v ;fsL{ xlnof d'lQm ;dfh, 8f]6L22. bLkf >]i7 Psn dlxnf ;d"x, 8f]6L23. >L rGb| >]i7 ;+l3o ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ g]kfn24. df]xg zfxL g]kfn kqsf/ xf;ª\3, 8f]6L25. ;Ltf lj=s= xlnof d'lQm ;dfh, 8f]6L

@!= alb{of, #) k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! cg'/fk/fh zdf{ /f=df=c=cf@ df]xgf cG;f/L /f=df=c=cf# a]b e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf


$ a;Gt/fh kf}8]n lhNnf cbfnt% nIdL g]kfn lhNNff sfg"gL ;xfotf ;ldlt^ tLy{axfb'/ rGb g]skf dfn]& a:fGt/fh kf}8]n ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{* cd[ts'df/ sdf{rfo{ lhNnf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]Gb|( z';Lns'df/ nfld5fg]f g]kfn kl/jf/ bn, cWoIf!) s[if0f vgfn g]skf Pdfn]!! eLd axfb'/ af]x/f /fk|kf!@ xl//fd >]i7 aaO{ l;+rfO cfof]hgf!# lvdfgGb kf08] alb{of lhNnf cbfng!$ kz'klt e§/fO{ alb{of ;dfh ;]jL!% x/åf/ rf}w/L lhNnf x'nfs sfo{fno!^ /f]lxts'df/ >]i7 sf/fuf/ sfof{no, alb{of!& hLtaxfb'/ zfx lh=lz=sf=, alb{of!* k|d]z >]i7 l;ljg g]kfn, alb{of!( b'uf{ If]qL blnt ;]jf;ª\3, alb{of@) lxdf ;'gf/ blnt dlxnf ;ª\3@! ;~hLjs'df/ s0f{ clwjQmf@@ /Tgk|sfz lu/L lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfo{fno@# pld{nf tfd|fsf/ DWO Bardiay@$ afns[i0f cf]nL alb{of gful/s ;dfh ;~hfn@% ;Gtf]if kf}8]n /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt@^ kjgs'df/ zfxL lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no@& ch'{g jg vf= tyf ;=;=l8=@* lzj/fd e§/fO{ sf]n]lgsf@( Zofdhª\u zfx lhNNff k|x/L sfof{no#) g/xl/ ltjf/l e"ld;'wf/ sfo{fno#! /fh' zfx ;=k|= an, ;Ldf ;'/Iff sfof{no#@ ;~hLjl;+x l;hfklt >L ?b|Wjh u0f, u'nl/of## dxDdb s/ vfF km]sf]kmg#$ s'dfnk|;fb kf08] alb{of af/ P;f]l;o;g#% g/]Gb| zdf{ alb{of af/ P;f]l;o;g#^ s]zjs'df/ ofbj tdnf]kf#& ;'lgn kf08] lh=:jf=sf#* ljgf]bs'df/ u'Ktf alb{of af/ OsfO{#( lgd{n/fh l;Ub]n alb{of af/ OsfO{$) ;'ldqf rf}w/L alb{of zxsf/L ;d"x$! lxdfs'df/L rf}w/L bk{0f zxsf/L ;+:yf$@ d]gsf rf}w/L /f;;$# k|]d/fd uf]l8of dhckmf]nf]$$ ozf]bf yfkf gj nIo afn Sna$% sl/Zdf lh=Pd= gj nIo afn Sna$^ 8an dxtf/f l8l; g]kfn=sd$& lbIff lu/L lhNnf afn ;~hfn$* l/of of]uL ljBfyL{ afn Sna$( ladnf lj=s blnt dlxnf pTyfg ;ª\3%) l/df lj=s blnt dlxnf pTyfg ;ª\3%! bLkf nfld5fg] yf? dlxnf pTyfg s]Gb|%@ o'j/fh 9sfn /f=h=df]%# ;Gtf]if rGb /f=df=c= cf= g]kfnu~h%$ /d]zs'df/ yfkf /f=df=c= cf= g]kfnu~h%% sdnf 1jfnL ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;ª\3%^ 6Lsf/fd rf}w/L lgnlx/f ;dfh, u'nl/of


!*= 88]Nw'/f, ( k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! uf]ljGb kf}8\ofn /f=df=c=cf=@ ;'Gb/ h}? NNDSWO g]=sf=b=;= s= ;ª\3# k|sfz ef6 NH

$ e/t g]kfnL u|fdL0f blnt ;'wf/ ;ldlt% nlnt af]xf]/f /]l8of] cd/u9L^ /fh]Gb| 7u'Ggf OG;]s lhNnf k|ltlglw& x]dGt zfxL cWoIf u};; dxf;ª\3 g]kfn* /d]zl;+x 7u'Ggf x/d; k|ltlglw( wgfb]jL h}? Psn dlxnf cWoIf!) cflzif dNn Pglhcf] km]8/];g!! kb\df e08f/L dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs!@ c~h' u}/] x/d; cWoIf!# wgf h}? Psn dlxnf ;ldlt!$ lxSdt a= l;+x PldGo"h l6le!% ;'lgtf u}/] dlxnf d'lQm ;dfh!^ tf/f vftL MSBKN

!& /flwsf /f]sf b'j] blnt dlxnf ;ª\3!* k|]daxfb'/ dx/ MPDS, 88]nw'/f!( nfnaxfb'/ P]/L sflGtk'/ l6eL@) lszf]/L wfdL k]8f] 88]nw'/f@! t'nf/fd kg]? Osf8{; g]kfn 88]nw'/f@@ 6]s s];L@# lzj/fh hf]zL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, 88]nw'/f@$ b'uf{bQ lji6 lhNnf lzIff sfof{no@% s[i0fb]j hf]zL lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no@^ ljGb' r6f}t dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no@& lbg]zk|;fb ;fksf]6f lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no@* lzjbQ e§

!(= /f}tx6, @( dª\l;/ @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! ;'lbk kf7s /f=df=c=cf=@ dbg e'h]n lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no# xl/ZrGb| 9'ª\ufgf lhNnf cbfnt /f}tx6$ df]xgk|;fb zdf{ h]i7 gful/s% ljqmd lszf]/ emf g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;ª\u7g^ /d]zs'df/ >Ljf:tj uf}/Lzª\s/ SofDk; /f}tx6& a}Bgfyk|;fb l;+x h'4 pRr df=lj=* clg?b| dxtf] g]=af=P=, /f}tx6( hubLz /fo ofbj g]=af=P=, /f}tx6!) ljGbf ;xgL dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn!! ;fg'afa' yklnof lh=k|=sf=!@ ;Gh' a}7f NNDSWO!# ;/f]h sfsL{ g]kfn cfdL{!$ ejgfy emf UNFPA!% afa'nfn zfx sfg" t=d=nf]=kf!^ cho u'Ktf d=h=kmf]=, g]kfn!& kf/; x';}g RDC, g]kfn!* uLtfb]jL dxtf] cGt/ kf6L dlxnf ;~hfn!( lagf /fpt gf/L r]tgf ;xsf/L@) ls/0f 7fs'/ dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfo{no@! dxDdb ds;' /fFsL s]Gb|Lo xh ;ldlt


@@ df]xg d]xtf lh=s[=lj=sf= uf}/@# x]dGt /fo ofbj ;fd'bflos zlQm, uf}/@$ /fd >]i7 ISDN /f}tx6@% d'lgGb|s'df/ 7fs'/ /f}tx6 p=jf= ;ª\3@^ /fdljnf; k6]n s[=lj=a}+s uf}/@& nIdLgf/fo0f kf08] kt~hnL of]u@* dx]Zj/nfn s0f{ h]i7 gful/s lhNnf ;ª\3@( lzjzª\s/ kf;jfg blnt g]6js{#) e/tsfhL cof{n lh=lz=sf=#! k|jL0f l6a8]jfn t/fO{ 6]lnlehg#@ /fdk'sf/ /fpt /fhb]jL ldl8of ;]G6/## wd]{Gb|s'df/ ;fx /f}tx6 Pkm=Pd#$ ;GbLks'df/ ;fx :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt#% 5ljnfnk|;fb ofbj /f=k|=kf= g]kfn#^ z]v hd;}b ;b\efjgf kf6L{#& /;]/fOn cG;f/L /f=d=;=kf#* /]jGt emf g]skf Pdfn]#( /ljGb|k|;fb ;fx sf]lxg'/ Pkm=Pd$) lzjk|;fb yfkf l;;'sf$! ljZj rfnfs lhNnf k|zf;g$@ ljb'/ v8\sf ;=k|j= l;=;'=sf=$# s0f{ dxt cGgk"0f{ kf]i6$$ x/]Gb|k|;fb u'Ktf lhNnf :jf:Yo sfo{no$% wL/]Gb|k|;fb b]j gfkL sfof{no$^ ljBfs'df/ yfkf /fli6«o cg';Gwfg sfof{no$& ;'lgns'df/ 7fs'/ lhNnf x'nfs /f}tx6$* g/]Gb| emf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no$( sfd]Zj/s'df/ adf{ OlGhlgo/%) /hgLsfGt emf ;nf{xL%! go'gLk|;fb rf}w/L g]=k=bn%@ z}n]Gb| u'Ktf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3%# k|]drGb| emf sflGtk'/ b}lgs%$ e/t e§/fO{ ;z:q k|x/L%% lszf]/k|;fb ofbj hgky k|x/L%^ lzj clwsf/L g]kfn cfdL{%& hLjg /fo /f}=lh=c=%* o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=%( e'jg gfy /f=df=c=cf=^) /fh]Gb|k|;fb rf}w/L l8lehg ;8s sfof{no^! hok|sfz ofbj g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3^@ b]jsL g]kfn dlxnf ;'/Iff bafa ;d"x^# ljlkg uf}td OG;]s k|ltlglw^$ huGgfyk|;fb s];/L gful/s ;dfh^% nId0f dxtf] /fli6«o afl0fHo j}+s^^ v8\uaxfb'/ sfsL{ sf/fuf/ /f}tx6^& dw';'bg pkfWofo l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no^* /d]z 7fs'/ sflGtk'/ 6]nLlehg^( ljGb]Zj/ ofbj Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL&) hLjg s'dfn g]kfn k|x/L&! ;Gtf]if rf}w/L&@ s; tfhk'l/of&# k|sfz kf}8]n&$ afa'/fd nfdf lh=k|=sf=

69


&% cfO6 nfdf lh=k|=sf=&^ /fds'df/ aflgof /]8qm; /f}tx6&& k|efts'df/ emf lb lxdfno 6fOD;&* uf}td >]i7 PleGo"h l6eL&( gj/fh ljZjsdf{ lh=;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no*) ;'/h lnDj' lgnlx/f ;dfh*! sf]lknf ltldN;gf zlQm;d"x*@ cledg' /fpt lxdfnog 6]lnlehg*# nflvGb/ ;fx /fli6«o hgdf]rf{*$ zzLe"if0f >]i7 g]=s=kf= ;+o'Qm*% d6's kf;jfg a=;= kf6L{*^ xl/z/0f eh]n g]kfn cfdL{*& x'daxfb'/ /fgf g]kfn cfdL{** sflGt b]jL åGå kLl8t*( ;'bhdg b]jL kf;jfg ;lxb kl/jf/() ;/f]h emf åGå kLl8t(! /fh]z l;+x åGå kLl8t(@ k|sfz sfsL{ lh=k|=sf=

@)= 8f]6L -dfgj clwsf/sdL{÷gful/s clwsf/sdL{_,^ k'; @)&!


1. uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofn NHRC

2. g/]zdfg >]i7 /]8qm;, 8f]6L3. g/]z cfn] /fli6«o hgdf]rf{, 8f]6L4. uf]kL g]kfnL /f=k|=kf= g]kfn5. e/taxfb'/ af]xf]/f -of]u]Gb|_ P=g]=s=kf dfcf]jfbL6. rs| dNn cWoIf–g]skf -Pdfn]_, 8f]6L7. s0f{ axfb'/ rGb gofF klqsf /fli6«o b}lgs8. lzj cf]nL ;fd'bflos /]l8of] z}n]Zj/L9. xl/s[i0f tfd|sf/ ;fd'bflos /]l8of] lqj]0fL FM

10. ozf]bf u'?Ë d=df=c= /Ifs ;~hfn, 8f]6L11. zf/bf e6\6 d=clwsf/ d~r, 8f]6L12. /f]zg af]u6L ckfª\u ;]jf ;ª\3, 8f]6L13. vu]Gb| g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt g]6js{, 8f]6L14. zª\s/bLk d}8 Hurpec Doti

15. b]jsL af]x/f ;'=cNksfnLg lhNnf d=;]jf s]Gb|16. zª\s/ yfkf /]l8of] g]kfn, 8f]6L17. bL3{ vqL OG;]s -lhNnf k|ltlglw_18. gj/fh hf]zL OG;]s,8f]6L19. ljho v8\sf g]kfnL sfFu|];20. zzL ;f]k df]8f]21. uf]/v ;fsL{ xlnof d'lQm ;dfh, 8f]6L22. bLkf >]i7 Psn dlxnf ;d"x, 8f]6L23. >L rGb| >]i7 ;+l3o ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ g]kfn24. df]xg zfxL g]kfn kqsf/ xf;ª\3, 8f]6L25. ;Ltf lj=s= xlnof d'lQm ;dfh, 8f]6L

@!= alb{of, #) k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! cg'/fk/fh zdf{ /f=df=c=cf@ df]xgf cG;f/L /f=df=c=cf# a]b e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf


$ a;Gt/fh kf}8]n lhNnf cbfnt% nIdL g]kfn lhNNff sfg"gL ;xfotf ;ldlt^ tLy{axfb'/ rGb g]skf dfn]& a:fGt/fh kf}8]n ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{* cd[ts'df/ sdf{rfo{ lhNnf cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo s]Gb|( z';Lns'df/ nfld5fg]f g]kfn kl/jf/ bn, cWoIf!) s[if0f vgfn g]skf Pdfn]!! eLd axfb'/ af]x/f /fk|kf!@ xl//fd >]i7 aaO{ l;+rfO cfof]hgf!# lvdfgGb kf08] alb{of lhNnf cbfng!$ kz'klt e§/fO{ alb{of ;dfh ;]jL!% x/åf/ rf}w/L lhNnf x'nfs sfo{fno!^ /f]lxts'df/ >]i7 sf/fuf/ sfof{no, alb{of!& hLtaxfb'/ zfx lh=lz=sf=, alb{of!* k|d]z >]i7 l;ljg g]kfn, alb{of!( b'uf{ If]qL blnt ;]jf;ª\3, alb{of@) lxdf ;'gf/ blnt dlxnf ;ª\3@! ;~hLjs'df/ s0f{ clwjQmf@@ /Tgk|sfz lu/L lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfo{fno@# pld{nf tfd|fsf/ DWO Bardiay@$ afns[i0f cf]nL alb{of gful/s ;dfh ;~hfn@% ;Gtf]if kf}8]n /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt@^ kjgs'df/ zfxL lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no@& ch'{g jg vf= tyf ;=;=l8=@* lzj/fd e§/fO{ sf]n]lgsf@( Zofdhª\u zfx lhNNff k|x/L sfof{no#) g/xl/ ltjf/l e"ld;'wf/ sfo{fno#! /fh' zfx ;=k|= an, ;Ldf ;'/Iff sfof{no#@ ;~hLjl;+x l;hfklt >L ?b|Wjh u0f, u'nl/of## dxDdb s/ vfF km]sf]kmg#$ s'dfnk|;fb kf08] alb{of af/ P;f]l;o;g#% g/]Gb| zdf{ alb{of af/ P;f]l;o;g#^ s]zjs'df/ ofbj tdnf]kf#& ;'lgn kf08] lh=:jf=sf#* ljgf]bs'df/ u'Ktf alb{of af/ OsfO{#( lgd{n/fh l;Ub]n alb{of af/ OsfO{$) ;'ldqf rf}w/L alb{of zxsf/L ;d"x$! lxdfs'df/L rf}w/L bk{0f zxsf/L ;+:yf$@ d]gsf rf}w/L /f;;$# k|]d/fd uf]l8of dhckmf]nf]$$ ozf]bf yfkf gj nIo afn Sna$% sl/Zdf lh=Pd= gj nIo afn Sna$^ 8an dxtf/f l8l; g]kfn=sd$& lbIff lu/L lhNnf afn ;~hfn$* l/of of]uL ljBfyL{ afn Sna$( ladnf lj=s blnt dlxnf pTyfg ;ª\3%) l/df lj=s blnt dlxnf pTyfg ;ª\3%! bLkf nfld5fg] yf? dlxnf pTyfg s]Gb|%@ o'j/fh 9sfn /f=h=df]%# ;Gtf]if rGb /f=df=c= cf= g]kfnu~h%$ /d]zs'df/ yfkf /f=df=c= cf= g]kfnu~h%% sdnf 1jfnL ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;ª\3%^ 6Lsf/fd rf}w/L lgnlx/f ;dfh, u'nl/of



%& b'uf{ cfrfo{ PleGo"h 6]lnlehg%* gLtf l3ld/] afn Sna%( zf]ef yfkf /fk|kf^) uLtf a:g]t /fk|kf g]kfn^! zlz/fd cf]nL ;z:q k|x/L ;]gf k|d'v^@ c?0ff lh=Pd= gu/ :t/Lo afn Sna^# r]tgf uf}td alb{of 6fOD; b}lgs^$ Zofd yfkf alb{of af/ OsfO{^% zf]ef rf}w/L OG;]s alb{of^^ s[i0f e§/fO{ l8lehg zxsf/L^& efuL/fd rf}w/L åGå kLl8t ;ldlt, alb{of^* dfgaxfb'/ rf}w/L OG;]s, alb{of^( b|Jo zfx ;'dg Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL&) 6f]k]Gb| s]=;L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, alb{of&! 3g]z ofbj ;b\efjgf kf6L{&@ ;/nf /]UdL pBf]u afl0fHo ;ª\3

@@= g]kfnuGh -k|zf;sx?;Fu_, @* k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf1. cg'k/fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u2. df]xgf cG;f/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u3. j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u4. dLgWjh v8\sf lg=jflxgLklt, g+= $ jflxgL5. czf]s j= rGb k|d'v ;]gfgL, u0fklt, ?b|Wjh u0f6. s]z a= zfxL If]=k|=sf=, ;'v]{t7. j]bk|sfz n]vs lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, afFs]8. /fh]Gb| >]i7 c+=k|=sf= e]/L9. k|=c= z]v/ sf]O/fnf lh=k|=sf=, afFs]10. p=c=lg= ;'dg j}B /fli6«o cg';Gwfg, afFs]11. ;z:q k|x/L pkl/Ifs

zDe' ;'j]bL l;df ;'/Iff sfof{no, afFs]12. k|=gf=p= ;'zLnl;+x /f7f}/ lh=k|=sf=, afFs]13. ljhos'df/ s]=;L= ;=k|=an /fhZj Pj+ eG;f/ ;'/Iff

u'Nd14. s0f{axfb'/ a'9f du/ ;=k|=an jfu]Zj/L u0f zDz]/u~h15. ;=k|=j=p= /fdrGb| yfkf ;=k|=an lhNnf ;'/Iff j]z,

g]kfnuGh16. ;=k|=j=p= /fh]Gb| j:g]t ;=k|=an lqk'/f u0f, 3f]bnk'/17. ;=k|=p= s[i0f yfkf ;=k|=an cf}wf]lus ;'/Iff u0f

@#= g]kfnuGh -dfgjclwsf/sdL{÷gful/s ;dfh;d]t_,@* k'; @)&!


1. cg'k/fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u2. ads'df/ >]i7 k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh3. od'gf e§/fO{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh4. /fds[i0f e§ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh5. efg'eQm zdf{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh6. lbg]zk|;fb zdf{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh7. wd{/fh kf}8]n afFs] lhNnf cbfnt8. xl/k|tfk s]=;L= afFs] lhNnf cbfnt9. cDa//fh kf}8]n afFs] lhNnf cbfnt10. OGb|hLt ltjf/L k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh


11. ;'o{gfy k|sfz clwsf/L afFs] lhNnf cbfnt12. ljhos'df/ u'Kt jl/i7 clwjQmf13. cjw ljxf/L k|= l;Gxf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh14. /fds[i0f vgfn k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh15. d'/fl/ v/]n /f=df=c=cf= g]kfnuGh16. j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf=17. df]xgf cG;f/L /f=df=c=cf=18. hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=19. k|=gf=lg= bLks sfsL{ k'=j]=c=;= tyf ;'=k|=O{sfO{, afFs]20. k|=x= x]dGt rGb lh=c=g]=u=21. k|=x= sfG5f/fd rf} k'=j]=c=;'= OsfO{, afFs]22. k|=x= ;gts'df/ zfx afFs] lh=c=g]=u=23. bn a= yfkf afFs] lh=c=g]=u=24. czf]s s'= rf}w/L k'=j]=c=25. sfn' k'=j]=c=26. tTd' k'=j]=c=27. /fdd]z k'=j]=c=28. gL/h uf}td /f=;=;=29. pdf yfkf du/ s'/Llt hGo lx+;f cGTo30. sNkgf cfrfo{ ;fyL If]qLo sfof{no31. 8f= ljhol;+x l;hfklt g]kfn n SofDk;, sf7df8f}+32. kKk' l;+x afFs] g]qlxg ;ª\333. ?b| ;'j]bL kqsf/ dxf;ª\3, afFs]34. hubLzaxfb'/ l;+x d=k=c= kmf]/d g]kfn35. d}d'gf l;l4sL kmfl6df kmfpG8];g g]kfn36. eLd jxfb'/ zfxL ;b:o, g]=af=P=, afFs]37. cfnd vfg y8{ PnfoG;38. nIdL nfld5fg] g]qxLg ;ª\3, afFs]39. z]/axfb'/ /f}n] ISDC Nepal

40. ldtf yfkf du/ ISDC Nepal

41. t'N;L yfkf lhNnf lszf]/L ;~hfn, afFs]42. kz'klt yfkf Pstf lszf]/L Sna43. hfgsL a'9f lhNnf lszf]/L ;~hfn, afFs]44. clwjQmf ljsf; cfrfo{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt af/ g]=u=45. s[i0f clwsf/L g]kfn 6]lnlehg46. wd{/fh zfxL g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L

@$= g]kfnuGh -dfgjclwsf/sdL{;d]t_, @( k'if @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! cg"k/fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ df]xgf cG;f/L# j]bk|;fb e§/fO{$ s[i0f >]i7 pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3, g]kfnuHh% /jLGb|s'df/ s0f{ P8ef]s];L kmf]/d^ ?lj vfg g]kfn d'l:nd ;dfh ljsf; r]tgf s]Gb|& uLtf cfrfo{ dlxnf clwsf/ d~r* a;Gtf hf]zL åGå kLl8t tyf Psn dlxnf( ;/:jtL dNn OG;]s!) ljGbfs'df/L v/]n -kf08_] åGå kLl8t!! ljg' >]i7 P8ef]s];L kmf]/d!@ Psdfof ljZjsdf{ åGå kLl8t!# dLgf k/fh'nL ;]e b lrN8«]g!$ a;Gt uf}td clwjQmf

71


!% nf]saxfb'/ zfx jf/ P;f]l;o;g!^ s]jnl;x+ yf? afFs] lhNnf cbfnt!& rGb|snf pk|]tL Gofosf nflu åGå kLl8t ;dfh!* eLid sfnk[i7 b}lgs!( zfGtf a= k|wfg /f=k|=kf=@) hgfb{g cfrfo{ k|fWofks@! bfdf]b/ kf}8]n hfgsL df=lj=@@ hlx/ cxdb z]if lhNnf afn Sna ;~hfn@# 6]s j= /fgf df=c= ;+/If0f tyf sfg"gL ;]jf s]Gb|@$ l;å/fh kg]? l;ljg g]kfn@% d':tfs cln /fO{ ?if'km g]kfn@^ kbd kf08] ;]n8{@& hgs g]kfn sflGtk'/ b}lgs@* k|Xnfbaxfb'/ sfsL{ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g@( anaxfb'/ rGb k'g/fj]bg cbfnt#) k|efts'df/ 7s'/L dfgj clwsf/ sdL{#! ls/0f 9sfn#@ s[i0f rf}w/L ;+ljwfg ;'rgf s]Gb|## b]jLbQ cfrfo{ ckfË z;QmLs/0f Pj+ ;~rf/ s]Gb|#$ s]zj sf]O/fnf dfOtL g]kfn#% ljho dNn ;befj /f= b}lgs#^ /fhg adf{ lhNnf o'jf Sna, ;~hfn#& clw/fh cf]nL jfn ;~hfn#* cf/=lk= v/]n g]=s=kf= 8\of; dfcf]jfbL#( uf]kfngfy of]uL u};; dxf;ª\3$) t]hljqmd zfx /f=k|=kf= g]kfn$! efj'shË yfkf /f=ckfË dxf;ª\3$@ sGx}ofnfn /fgf lhNnf ckfË ;dGjo ;ldlt$# g/x/Lgfy of]uL g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{$$ x]d/fh e§$% ;Gts'df/ adf{ kmf];{, g]kfn$^ nlntf rf}w/L yf?$& zf]ef lj=;L=$* ljgf]b kf08] OG;]s, Afs]$( kl/gf rf}w/L klZrd tf/f, g]kfn%) ;f]dgf v8\sf /f= ckfË dxf;ª\3%! lulv/k|;fb cu|jfn clwjQmf%@ z/0f sdf{rfo{ Plj;L 6]lnlehg%# df}nx] cfo{ wf]lj blnt ;3%$ c5/L kf]v/]n

@%= ;'v]{t, ! df3 @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! cg"k /fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ j]b e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf# d'/fl/ v/]n /f=df=c=cf$ u0f]zs'df/ sfsL{ /]l8of] e]/L% ;'zLn v8\sf sfFqm]ljxf/ b}lgsL^ /rgf a'9f ;'v]{t klxrfg b}lgsL& kljq zfxL dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs* gGbf >]i7 Psn dlxnf ;d"x( g]q /]UdL Jftfj/0f ;'wf/ ;dfh!) gu]G› pkfWofo xfd|f] cvjf/ b}lgs

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:y

!! anaxfb'/ zfxL d=k=ljZjljBfno, ;'v]{t!@ uf]ljGb sf]O/fnf dfgj clwsf/sdL{!# cfsfz tf/f aos /]l8of] g]kfn!$ gjLgs'df/ zfxL ls/8fs g]kfn!% sn]G› ;]h'jfn gful/s b}lgs!^ /fdafa' aL=;L= jN8{ lehg!& uf]ljGb vqL —!* nlntaxfb'/ a'9f cGgk"0f{ kf]i6!( w|'js'df/ >]i7 kfif{b\, g]kfn s/ sfplG;n@) 6]s]G› ljZjsdf{ a'na'n PkmPd, ;'v]{t@! k|]d k|sfz g]kfnL ;LdfGts[t dlxnfx¿sf nflu dlxnf

;+:yf@@ u0f]zs~rg ef/tL g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3@# ljjzs'df/ a:g]t k|=c= af/ ;'v]{t@$ k|sfz kGt /]l8of] e]/L@% e"if0fs'df/ dfgGw/ jl/i7 clwjQmf@^ s[i0faxfb'/ xdfn clwjQmf@& O{Zj/ clwsf/L kqsf/@* b'uf{k|;fb ;fksf]6f clwjQmf@( P]Zjo{k|;fb xdfn d=k= ljZjljBfno ;'v]{t#) x]d/fh /fpt ljBfyL{#! lzlz/ zfxL :yfgLo Joj;foL#@ rG› rf}w/L Æ## ;Gtf]if rG› /f=df=c=cf= lj/f6gu/#$ /d]z yfkf Æ#% hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf#^ Gff/fo0f axfb'/ yfkf If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{no#& ;'af]ws'df/ nfns0f{ d=k=If]=;=k|=jn dx]Zj/L#* olt/fh kª\u]gL /f=cg';Gwfg=If]=sf#( /fh]zs'df/ nfn s0f{ lh=k|x/L sfo{no, ;'v]{t$) If]q axfb'/ dNn >L g/l;x 8n u0f$! dbgl;+x lai6 >L ;=k|= an /SQsfnL$@ nf]saxfb'/ zfxL lh=:jf=sf=, ;'v]{t$# 3gZofd jf]u6L oftfoft Joj:yf ;]jf sfof{no, ;'v]{t$$ k|jL0f e08f/L tYofÍ sfof{no, ;'v]{t$% afa'/fd v/]n oflGqs sfof{no, ;'v]{t$^ hLj/fh kf}8]n lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no, ;'v]{t$& w|'j/fh kf}8]n lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;'v]{t$* ltns a=yfkf d=k=If]qLo x'nfs lgb]{zgfno, ;'v]{t$( yDj/fh >]i7 z=lj=tyf e=l›=lj=l8=sf=, ;'v]{t%) ljhos'df/ lu/L lh= s[lif ljsf; ;'v]{t%! /fh]G›k|;fb ef/L PrPgPkL%@ anb]jk|;fb ;fx lh=;xsf/L sf=, ;'vt]{%# 7fs'/k|;fb sF8]n e"sDk dfkg s]G›, ;'v]{t%$ s[i0fb]j lu/L If]qLy jg lg=, ;'v]{t%% gj/fh vltj8f z}lIfs tflnd s]G›%^ /Ghg/fh e§/fO{ hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f Pj%& k|]dk|;fb crfo{ s/bftf sfof{no, ;'v]{t%* xL/fnfn /]UdL lh=lj=;, ;'v]{t%( o1/fh af]x/f lh=k|=sf=, ;'v]{t^) b]jLk|;fb kf}8]n lh= ;xsf/L sf=, ;'v]{t^! nfnaxfb'/ vqL sf/fuf/ sf=, ;'v]{t^@ lw/hk|tfk l;x+ P;kL=, l8cfOhL clkm;^# of]u]G› s]=;L /f=c=lh=sf



%& b'uf{ cfrfo{ PleGo"h 6]lnlehg%* gLtf l3ld/] afn Sna%( zf]ef yfkf /fk|kf^) uLtf a:g]t /fk|kf g]kfn^! zlz/fd cf]nL ;z:q k|x/L ;]gf k|d'v^@ c?0ff lh=Pd= gu/ :t/Lo afn Sna^# r]tgf uf}td alb{of 6fOD; b}lgs^$ Zofd yfkf alb{of af/ OsfO{^% zf]ef rf}w/L OG;]s alb{of^^ s[i0f e§/fO{ l8lehg zxsf/L^& efuL/fd rf}w/L åGå kLl8t ;ldlt, alb{of^* dfgaxfb'/ rf}w/L OG;]s, alb{of^( b|Jo zfx ;'dg Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL&) 6f]k]Gb| s]=;L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, alb{of&! 3g]z ofbj ;b\efjgf kf6L{&@ ;/nf /]UdL pBf]u afl0fHo ;ª\3

@@= g]kfnuGh -k|zf;sx?;Fu_, @* k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf1. cg'k/fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u2. df]xgf cG;f/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u3. j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u4. dLgWjh v8\sf lg=jflxgLklt, g+= $ jflxgL5. czf]s j= rGb k|d'v ;]gfgL, u0fklt, ?b|Wjh u0f6. s]z a= zfxL If]=k|=sf=, ;'v]{t7. j]bk|sfz n]vs lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, afFs]8. /fh]Gb| >]i7 c+=k|=sf= e]/L9. k|=c= z]v/ sf]O/fnf lh=k|=sf=, afFs]10. p=c=lg= ;'dg j}B /fli6«o cg';Gwfg, afFs]11. ;z:q k|x/L pkl/Ifs

zDe' ;'j]bL l;df ;'/Iff sfof{no, afFs]12. k|=gf=p= ;'zLnl;+x /f7f}/ lh=k|=sf=, afFs]13. ljhos'df/ s]=;L= ;=k|=an /fhZj Pj+ eG;f/ ;'/Iff

u'Nd14. s0f{axfb'/ a'9f du/ ;=k|=an jfu]Zj/L u0f zDz]/u~h15. ;=k|=j=p= /fdrGb| yfkf ;=k|=an lhNnf ;'/Iff j]z,

g]kfnuGh16. ;=k|=j=p= /fh]Gb| j:g]t ;=k|=an lqk'/f u0f, 3f]bnk'/17. ;=k|=p= s[i0f yfkf ;=k|=an cf}wf]lus ;'/Iff u0f

@#= g]kfnuGh -dfgjclwsf/sdL{÷gful/s ;dfh;d]t_,@* k'; @)&!


1. cg'k/fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u2. ads'df/ >]i7 k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh3. od'gf e§/fO{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh4. /fds[i0f e§ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh5. efg'eQm zdf{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh6. lbg]zk|;fb zdf{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh7. wd{/fh kf}8]n afFs] lhNnf cbfnt8. xl/k|tfk s]=;L= afFs] lhNnf cbfnt9. cDa//fh kf}8]n afFs] lhNnf cbfnt10. OGb|hLt ltjf/L k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh


11. ;'o{gfy k|sfz clwsf/L afFs] lhNnf cbfnt12. ljhos'df/ u'Kt jl/i7 clwjQmf13. cjw ljxf/L k|= l;Gxf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh14. /fds[i0f vgfn k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, g]kfnuGh15. d'/fl/ v/]n /f=df=c=cf= g]kfnuGh16. j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf=17. df]xgf cG;f/L /f=df=c=cf=18. hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=19. k|=gf=lg= bLks sfsL{ k'=j]=c=;= tyf ;'=k|=O{sfO{, afFs]20. k|=x= x]dGt rGb lh=c=g]=u=21. k|=x= sfG5f/fd rf} k'=j]=c=;'= OsfO{, afFs]22. k|=x= ;gts'df/ zfx afFs] lh=c=g]=u=23. bn a= yfkf afFs] lh=c=g]=u=24. czf]s s'= rf}w/L k'=j]=c=25. sfn' k'=j]=c=26. tTd' k'=j]=c=27. /fdd]z k'=j]=c=28. gL/h uf}td /f=;=;=29. pdf yfkf du/ s'/Llt hGo lx+;f cGTo30. sNkgf cfrfo{ ;fyL If]qLo sfof{no31. 8f= ljhol;+x l;hfklt g]kfn n SofDk;, sf7df8f}+32. kKk' l;+x afFs] g]qlxg ;ª\333. ?b| ;'j]bL kqsf/ dxf;ª\3, afFs]34. hubLzaxfb'/ l;+x d=k=c= kmf]/d g]kfn35. d}d'gf l;l4sL kmfl6df kmfpG8];g g]kfn36. eLd jxfb'/ zfxL ;b:o, g]=af=P=, afFs]37. cfnd vfg y8{ PnfoG;38. nIdL nfld5fg] g]qxLg ;ª\3, afFs]39. z]/axfb'/ /f}n] ISDC Nepal

40. ldtf yfkf du/ ISDC Nepal

41. t'N;L yfkf lhNnf lszf]/L ;~hfn, afFs]42. kz'klt yfkf Pstf lszf]/L Sna43. hfgsL a'9f lhNnf lszf]/L ;~hfn, afFs]44. clwjQmf ljsf; cfrfo{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt af/ g]=u=45. s[i0f clwsf/L g]kfn 6]lnlehg46. wd{/fh zfxL g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L

@$= g]kfnuGh -dfgjclwsf/sdL{;d]t_, @( k'if @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! cg"k/fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ df]xgf cG;f/L# j]bk|;fb e§/fO{$ s[i0f >]i7 pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3, g]kfnuHh% /jLGb|s'df/ s0f{ P8ef]s];L kmf]/d^ ?lj vfg g]kfn d'l:nd ;dfh ljsf; r]tgf s]Gb|& uLtf cfrfo{ dlxnf clwsf/ d~r* a;Gtf hf]zL åGå kLl8t tyf Psn dlxnf( ;/:jtL dNn OG;]s!) ljGbfs'df/L v/]n -kf08_] åGå kLl8t!! ljg' >]i7 P8ef]s];L kmf]/d!@ Psdfof ljZjsdf{ åGå kLl8t!# dLgf k/fh'nL ;]e b lrN8«]g!$ a;Gt uf}td clwjQmf

71


!% nf]saxfb'/ zfx jf/ P;f]l;o;g!^ s]jnl;x+ yf? afFs] lhNnf cbfnt!& rGb|snf pk|]tL Gofosf nflu åGå kLl8t ;dfh!* eLid sfnk[i7 b}lgs!( zfGtf a= k|wfg /f=k|=kf=@) hgfb{g cfrfo{ k|fWofks@! bfdf]b/ kf}8]n hfgsL df=lj=@@ hlx/ cxdb z]if lhNnf afn Sna ;~hfn@# 6]s j= /fgf df=c= ;+/If0f tyf sfg"gL ;]jf s]Gb|@$ l;å/fh kg]? l;ljg g]kfn@% d':tfs cln /fO{ ?if'km g]kfn@^ kbd kf08] ;]n8{@& hgs g]kfn sflGtk'/ b}lgs@* k|Xnfbaxfb'/ sfsL{ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g@( anaxfb'/ rGb k'g/fj]bg cbfnt#) k|efts'df/ 7s'/L dfgj clwsf/ sdL{#! ls/0f 9sfn#@ s[i0f rf}w/L ;+ljwfg ;'rgf s]Gb|## b]jLbQ cfrfo{ ckfË z;QmLs/0f Pj+ ;~rf/ s]Gb|#$ s]zj sf]O/fnf dfOtL g]kfn#% ljho dNn ;befj /f= b}lgs#^ /fhg adf{ lhNnf o'jf Sna, ;~hfn#& clw/fh cf]nL jfn ;~hfn#* cf/=lk= v/]n g]=s=kf= 8\of; dfcf]jfbL#( uf]kfngfy of]uL u};; dxf;ª\3$) t]hljqmd zfx /f=k|=kf= g]kfn$! efj'shË yfkf /f=ckfË dxf;ª\3$@ sGx}ofnfn /fgf lhNnf ckfË ;dGjo ;ldlt$# g/x/Lgfy of]uL g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{$$ x]d/fh e§$% ;Gts'df/ adf{ kmf];{, g]kfn$^ nlntf rf}w/L yf?$& zf]ef lj=;L=$* ljgf]b kf08] OG;]s, Afs]$( kl/gf rf}w/L klZrd tf/f, g]kfn%) ;f]dgf v8\sf /f= ckfË dxf;ª\3%! lulv/k|;fb cu|jfn clwjQmf%@ z/0f sdf{rfo{ Plj;L 6]lnlehg%# df}nx] cfo{ wf]lj blnt ;3%$ c5/L kf]v/]n

@%= ;'v]{t, ! df3 @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf

! cg"k /fh zdf{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ j]b e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf# d'/fl/ v/]n /f=df=c=cf$ u0f]zs'df/ sfsL{ /]l8of] e]/L% ;'zLn v8\sf sfFqm]ljxf/ b}lgsL^ /rgf a'9f ;'v]{t klxrfg b}lgsL& kljq zfxL dlxnf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs* gGbf >]i7 Psn dlxnf ;d"x( g]q /]UdL Jftfj/0f ;'wf/ ;dfh!) gu]G› pkfWofo xfd|f] cvjf/ b}lgs

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:y

!! anaxfb'/ zfxL d=k=ljZjljBfno, ;'v]{t!@ uf]ljGb sf]O/fnf dfgj clwsf/sdL{!# cfsfz tf/f aos /]l8of] g]kfn!$ gjLgs'df/ zfxL ls/8fs g]kfn!% sn]G› ;]h'jfn gful/s b}lgs!^ /fdafa' aL=;L= jN8{ lehg!& uf]ljGb vqL —!* nlntaxfb'/ a'9f cGgk"0f{ kf]i6!( w|'js'df/ >]i7 kfif{b\, g]kfn s/ sfplG;n@) 6]s]G› ljZjsdf{ a'na'n PkmPd, ;'v]{t@! k|]d k|sfz g]kfnL ;LdfGts[t dlxnfx¿sf nflu dlxnf

;+:yf@@ u0f]zs~rg ef/tL g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3@# ljjzs'df/ a:g]t k|=c= af/ ;'v]{t@$ k|sfz kGt /]l8of] e]/L@% e"if0fs'df/ dfgGw/ jl/i7 clwjQmf@^ s[i0faxfb'/ xdfn clwjQmf@& O{Zj/ clwsf/L kqsf/@* b'uf{k|;fb ;fksf]6f clwjQmf@( P]Zjo{k|;fb xdfn d=k= ljZjljBfno ;'v]{t#) x]d/fh /fpt ljBfyL{#! lzlz/ zfxL :yfgLo Joj;foL#@ rG› rf}w/L Æ## ;Gtf]if rG› /f=df=c=cf= lj/f6gu/#$ /d]z yfkf Æ#% hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf#^ Gff/fo0f axfb'/ yfkf If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{no#& ;'af]ws'df/ nfns0f{ d=k=If]=;=k|=jn dx]Zj/L#* olt/fh kª\u]gL /f=cg';Gwfg=If]=sf#( /fh]zs'df/ nfn s0f{ lh=k|x/L sfo{no, ;'v]{t$) If]q axfb'/ dNn >L g/l;x 8n u0f$! dbgl;+x lai6 >L ;=k|= an /SQsfnL$@ nf]saxfb'/ zfxL lh=:jf=sf=, ;'v]{t$# 3gZofd jf]u6L oftfoft Joj:yf ;]jf sfof{no, ;'v]{t$$ k|jL0f e08f/L tYofÍ sfof{no, ;'v]{t$% afa'/fd v/]n oflGqs sfof{no, ;'v]{t$^ hLj/fh kf}8]n lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no, ;'v]{t$& w|'j/fh kf}8]n lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;'v]{t$* ltns a=yfkf d=k=If]qLo x'nfs lgb]{zgfno, ;'v]{t$( yDj/fh >]i7 z=lj=tyf e=l›=lj=l8=sf=, ;'v]{t%) ljhos'df/ lu/L lh= s[lif ljsf; ;'v]{t%! /fh]G›k|;fb ef/L PrPgPkL%@ anb]jk|;fb ;fx lh=;xsf/L sf=, ;'vt]{%# 7fs'/k|;fb sF8]n e"sDk dfkg s]G›, ;'v]{t%$ s[i0fb]j lu/L If]qLy jg lg=, ;'v]{t%% gj/fh vltj8f z}lIfs tflnd s]G›%^ /Ghg/fh e§/fO{ hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f Pj%& k|]dk|;fb crfo{ s/bftf sfof{no, ;'v]{t%* xL/fnfn /]UdL lh=lj=;, ;'v]{t%( o1/fh af]x/f lh=k|=sf=, ;'v]{t^) b]jLk|;fb kf}8]n lh= ;xsf/L sf=, ;'v]{t^! nfnaxfb'/ vqL sf/fuf/ sf=, ;'v]{t^@ lw/hk|tfk l;x+ P;kL=, l8cfOhL clkm;^# of]u]G› s]=;L /f=c=lh=sf



^$ xl/eQm lu/L dx]Zj/L aflxgL, ;'v]{t^% /fd l;x+ s'j/ k|=lh=c= uf8{, ;'v]{t^^ ;'lgtf yfkf lh=lj=;, ;'v]{t^& a]r'nfn rf}w/L If]=kz' ;]jf lgb]{zgfno^* xl/k|;fb kf}8]n If]=s[lif lgb]{zgfno^( j}s'07k|;fb cfrfo{ If]=s[lif lgb]{zgfno&) aiff{tL nfn rf}w/L >L ;=k|=an /QmsfnL u0f&! wg a= l8=;L >L lhNnf k|;f=sf=;'&@ k|]daxfb'/ zfxL >L lhNnf k|;f=sf=;'&# u0f]z kf08] >L lh=lj=;, ;'v]{t&$ cf]d wfdL >L /f=c=If]=sf, ;'v]{t&% rG› a= 8fFuL If]=k|=sf, ;'v]{t&^ jL/axfb'/ lji6 lh=k|=sf, ;'v]{t

nlIft ;d"x;Fu ljifout 5nkmn

!= cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg, @! dª\l;/ @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf

@ kL=aL= uf]n] cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

# /fd dfb]g cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

$ ;/Lgf u'?Ë cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

% xL/f/fh /]UdL cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

^ hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c cf

& ;'j0f{ s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c cf

* dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=

@= /fli6«o blnt cfof]u, @! dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf@ dfgaxfb'/ g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u# o'j/fh /fO{ /fli6«o blnt cfof]u$ /fdaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{ /fli6«o blnt cfof]u% >Lw/ k'8f;}gL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u^ bLks g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u& ;'j{0fs'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf* dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=( hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf!) o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf

#= afn clwsf/sdL{, @@ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ slkn cof{n sf7df8f+} :s'n ckm n# gd'gf e';fn s]G›Lo afn sNof0f ;ldlt$ ;latf pk|]tL ljz]if :s'n tyf k'g:yf{kgf s]G›% Nf]fs]G› vqL Affnu[xx¿sf] dxf;ª\3 g]kfn

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf^ dgf]hs'df/ sF8]n Affnaflnsfsf] lglDt u}/ ;/sf/L

;+:yf dxf;ª\3& /d]z vltj8f Affnu[xx?sf] dxf;ª\3 g]kfn* efg'eQm 9sfn Child NGO Federation( dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=!) ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u!! hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

$= /fli6«o Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3, @@ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ 8f= uf}/Lzª\s/nfn bf; /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3# 5qaxfb'/ k|wfg /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3$ clDAfsf s]=;L /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3% dgf]x/ pk|]tL /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3^ ;ljtf pk|]tL SSDRC& ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf* o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf( hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf

!) dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf

%= /fli6«o ckfË dxf;ª\3, @@ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ ;'bz{g ;'j]bL /f=c=dxf;ª\3, g]kfn# t]hs'df/L ltjf/L g]kfn ckfË, ;dfh$ lgd{nf lwtfn g]kfn ckfË dlxnf ;ª\3% d's'Gb bfxfn /f=c=dxf;ª\3,g]kfn^ ;bg kl08t ;LcfO{Pn sf7df8f}+& dxfb]j ef/tL /f=c=dxf;ª\3, g]kfn* ef]h/fh >]i7 :jfjnDag hLjg k¢lt s]G›( hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u!) dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf!! o1k|;fb clwsf/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

^= k]zfut ;ª\3;+:yf, @# dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf

@ xl/ ljgf]b clwsf/L lk|m8d kmf]/d

# uf]kfn nD;fn u};; dxf;ª\3 g]kfn

$ lji0f'k|;fb ltldlN;gf pkef]Qf lxt ;+/If0f d~r, g]kfn

% ljZjdl0f kf]v/]n jN8{ Eo' g]kfn

^ ljho e§ jN8{ Eo' g]kfn

& n]vgfy kf}8]n /f=Goflos k|lti7fg

* ;'zLn lj=s= blnt u};; dxf;ª\3

( 8f= eujfg v8\sf g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sd;{

!) /df ;fksf]6f g]kfnkf6L

73


!! kljqf ;'gf/ gful/s b}lgs

!@ cf/tL lji6 /f=df=c=cf

!# hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf

!$ ;'j{0fs'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf

!% Hof]lt aflgof pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f d~r

!^ ;'gL nfdf NIWF

!& ozf] sflGt e§rg NIWF

!* s[i0fs'df/ jfOaf NIWF

!( ;[hgf k|wfg NIWF

@) dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=

*= ljz]if1 tyf k"j{ k|zf;sx¿ ;d]t;Fu, ^ kmfu'g@)&!

s|=d gfd ;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf

@ j]b k|;fb e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf

# ljGbf xf8f k"j{ ;lrj

$ dfwj kf}8]n k"j{ dGqL ÷ k"j{ ;lrj

% jL/]Gb| ld> gful/s ;dfhk|ltgLlw

^ kLtfDj/ zdf{ k"j{ pkfWoIf, /fli6«oof]hgfcfof]u

& df]xg j~hf8] k"j{ ;lrj

* lbg]zxl/ clwsf/L k"j{ ;lrj

( tLy{/fh 9sfn ;x;lrj, /fli6«o of]hgfcfof]u

!) 8f= >Ls[i0f >]i7 k/fdz{bftf

!! ;'j0f{ s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=

!@ o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=

!# hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=

!$ dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=

!% cf/tL lji6 Ifdtf ;jnLs/0f kl/of]hgf

!^ lvdfgGb j:ofn /f=df=c=cf=

!& odgfy zdf{ o"=Pg=l8=lk=

!* 6]s 6df6f o"=Pg=l8=lk=

&= g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzg, !! k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! xl/s[i0f sfsL{ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g@ ;'lgns'df/ kf]v/]n g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g# uf]ljGb zdf{ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g$ o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf% cf/tL lji6 /f=df=c=cf^ jf;'b]j ahufO{ /f=df=c=cf& ;'j{0fs'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf* j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf( k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf!) ;'lbk kf7s /f=df=c=cf



^$ xl/eQm lu/L dx]Zj/L aflxgL, ;'v]{t^% /fd l;x+ s'j/ k|=lh=c= uf8{, ;'v]{t^^ ;'lgtf yfkf lh=lj=;, ;'v]{t^& a]r'nfn rf}w/L If]=kz' ;]jf lgb]{zgfno^* xl/k|;fb kf}8]n If]=s[lif lgb]{zgfno^( j}s'07k|;fb cfrfo{ If]=s[lif lgb]{zgfno&) aiff{tL nfn rf}w/L >L ;=k|=an /QmsfnL u0f&! wg a= l8=;L >L lhNnf k|;f=sf=;'&@ k|]daxfb'/ zfxL >L lhNnf k|;f=sf=;'&# u0f]z kf08] >L lh=lj=;, ;'v]{t&$ cf]d wfdL >L /f=c=If]=sf, ;'v]{t&% rG› a= 8fFuL If]=k|=sf, ;'v]{t&^ jL/axfb'/ lji6 lh=k|=sf, ;'v]{t

nlIft ;d"x;Fu ljifout 5nkmn

!= cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg, @! dª\l;/ @)&!


! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf

@ kL=aL= uf]n] cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

# /fd dfb]g cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

$ ;/Lgf u'?Ë cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

% xL/f/fh /]UdL cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o k|lti7fg

^ hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c cf

& ;'j0f{ s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c cf

* dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=

@= /fli6«o blnt cfof]u, @! dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf@ dfgaxfb'/ g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u# o'j/fh /fO{ /fli6«o blnt cfof]u$ /fdaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{ /fli6«o blnt cfof]u% >Lw/ k'8f;}gL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u^ bLks g]kfnL /fli6«o blnt cfof]u& ;'j{0fs'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf* dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=( hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf!) o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf

#= afn clwsf/sdL{, @@ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ slkn cof{n sf7df8f+} :s'n ckm n# gd'gf e';fn s]G›Lo afn sNof0f ;ldlt$ ;latf pk|]tL ljz]if :s'n tyf k'g:yf{kgf s]G›% Nf]fs]G› vqL Affnu[xx¿sf] dxf;ª\3 g]kfn

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf^ dgf]hs'df/ sF8]n Affnaflnsfsf] lglDt u}/ ;/sf/L

;+:yf dxf;ª\3& /d]z vltj8f Affnu[xx?sf] dxf;ª\3 g]kfn* efg'eQm 9sfn Child NGO Federation( dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=!) ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u!! hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

$= /fli6«o Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3, @@ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ 8f= uf}/Lzª\s/nfn bf; /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3# 5qaxfb'/ k|wfg /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3$ clDAfsf s]=;L /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3% dgf]x/ pk|]tL /f=Ho]i7 gful/s dxf;ª\3^ ;ljtf pk|]tL SSDRC& ;'j0f{ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf* o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf( hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf

!) dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf

%= /fli6«o ckfË dxf;ª\3, @@ dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u@ ;'bz{g ;'j]bL /f=c=dxf;ª\3, g]kfn# t]hs'df/L ltjf/L g]kfn ckfË, ;dfh$ lgd{nf lwtfn g]kfn ckfË dlxnf ;ª\3% d's'Gb bfxfn /f=c=dxf;ª\3,g]kfn^ ;bg kl08t ;LcfO{Pn sf7df8f}+& dxfb]j ef/tL /f=c=dxf;ª\3, g]kfn* ef]h/fh >]i7 :jfjnDag hLjg k¢lt s]G›( hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u!) dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf!! o1k|;fb clwsf/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

^= k]zfut ;ª\3;+:yf, @# dª\l;/ @)&!

qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf

@ xl/ ljgf]b clwsf/L lk|m8d kmf]/d

# uf]kfn nD;fn u};; dxf;ª\3 g]kfn

$ lji0f'k|;fb ltldlN;gf pkef]Qf lxt ;+/If0f d~r, g]kfn

% ljZjdl0f kf]v/]n jN8{ Eo' g]kfn

^ ljho e§ jN8{ Eo' g]kfn

& n]vgfy kf}8]n /f=Goflos k|lti7fg

* ;'zLn lj=s= blnt u};; dxf;ª\3

( 8f= eujfg v8\sf g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sd;{

!) /df ;fksf]6f g]kfnkf6L

73


!! kljqf ;'gf/ gful/s b}lgs

!@ cf/tL lji6 /f=df=c=cf

!# hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf

!$ ;'j{0fs'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf

!% Hof]lt aflgof pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f d~r

!^ ;'gL nfdf NIWF

!& ozf] sflGt e§rg NIWF

!* s[i0fs'df/ jfOaf NIWF

!( ;[hgf k|wfg NIWF

@) dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=

*= ljz]if1 tyf k"j{ k|zf;sx¿ ;d]t;Fu, ^ kmfu'g@)&!

s|=d gfd ;+:yf! k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf

@ j]b k|;fb e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf

# ljGbf xf8f k"j{ ;lrj

$ dfwj kf}8]n k"j{ dGqL ÷ k"j{ ;lrj

% jL/]Gb| ld> gful/s ;dfhk|ltgLlw

^ kLtfDj/ zdf{ k"j{ pkfWoIf, /fli6«oof]hgfcfof]u

& df]xg j~hf8] k"j{ ;lrj

* lbg]zxl/ clwsf/L k"j{ ;lrj

( tLy{/fh 9sfn ;x;lrj, /fli6«o of]hgfcfof]u

!) 8f= >Ls[i0f >]i7 k/fdz{bftf

!! ;'j0f{ s'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf=

!@ o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf=

!# hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ /f=df=c=cf=

!$ dfwj /]UdL k/fdz{bftf, /f=df=c=cf=

!% cf/tL lji6 Ifdtf ;jnLs/0f kl/of]hgf

!^ lvdfgGb j:ofn /f=df=c=cf=

!& odgfy zdf{ o"=Pg=l8=lk=

!* 6]s 6df6f o"=Pg=l8=lk=

&= g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzg, !! k'; @)&!qm=;+= gfd sfof{no÷;+:yf! xl/s[i0f sfsL{ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g@ ;'lgns'df/ kf]v/]n g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g# uf]ljGb zdf{ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;g$ o1k|;fb clwsf/L /f=df=c=cf% cf/tL lji6 /f=df=c=cf^ jf;'b]j ahufO{ /f=df=c=cf& ;'j{0fs'df/ sdf{rfo{ /f=df=c=cf* j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ /f=df=c=cf( k|sfz j:tL /f=df=c=cf!) ;'lbk kf7s /f=df=c=cf

Documents

0fgLlts of]hgf @)!%–@)@) · s'/f lnlka4 5 / s'g sfdsf nflu slt /sdsf] cfjZostf 5 eGg] cg'dfgdf cfwfl/t 5 . /, s]jn To:tf nIox¿ o;df k¿g, hf] xfl;n x'g ;s"g / s]jn tL sfo{qmdx¿