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1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Warm UpWarm Up
Problem of the DayProblem of the Day
Lesson PresentationLesson Presentation
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Warm UpWrite an algebraic expression for each word phrase.
1. a number x decreased by 92. 5 times the sum of p and 63. 2 plus the product of 8 and n4. the quotient of 4 and a number c
x 95(p + 6)
2 + 8n4c
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Problem of the Day
Janie’s horse refused to do 5 jumps today and cleared 14 jumps. Yesterday, the horse cleared 9 more jumps than today. He won 3 first place ribbons. How many jumps did the horse clear in the two-day jumping event?
37
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Learn to solve equations using addition and subtraction.
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Vocabularyequationsolvesolutioninverse operationisolate the variableAddition Property of EqualitySubtraction Property of Equality
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
An equation uses an equal sign to show that two expressions are equal. All of these are equations.
3 + 8 = 11 r + 6 = 14 24 = x – 7 1002
= 50
To solve an equation, find the value of the variable that makes the equation true. This value of the variable is called the solution of the equation.
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Determine which value of x is a solution of the equation.
x + 8 = 15; x = 5, 7, or 23
Additional Example 1: Determining Whether a Number is a Solution of an Equation
Substitute each value for x in the equation.
Substitute 5 for x.13= 15 ?
So 5 is not solution.
x + 8 = 15?
5 + 8 = 15?
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Determine which value of x is a solution of the equation.x + 8 = 15; x = 5, 7, or 23
Additional Example 1 Continued
Substitute each value for x in the equation.
Substitute 7 for x.15= 15 ?
So 7 is a solution.
x + 8 = 15?
7 + 8 = 15?
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Determine which value of x is a solution of the equation.x + 8 = 15; x = 5, 7, or 23
Additional Example 1 Continued
Substitute each value for x in the equation.
Substitute 23 for x.31= 15 ?
So 23 is not a solution.
x + 8 = 15?
23 + 8 = 15 ?
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Addition and subtraction are inverse operations, which means they “undo” each other.
To solve an equation, use inverse operations to isolate the variable. This means getting the variable alone on one side of the equal sign.
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
To solve a subtraction equation, like y 15 = 7, you would use the Addition Property of Equality.
You can add the same number to both sides of an equation, and the statement will still be true.
2 + 3 = 5+ 4 + 4
2 + 7 = 9
x = yx = y+ z + z
ADDITION PROPERTY OF EQUALITY
Words Numbers Algebra
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
There is a similar property for solving addition equations, like x + 9 = 11. It is called the Subtraction Property of Equality.
You can subtract the same number from both sides of an equation, and the statement will still be true.
4 + 7 = 11 3 3
4 + 4 = 8
x = yx = y z z
SUBTRACTION PROPERTY OF EQUALITY
Words Numbers Algebra
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Solve.
Additional Example 2A: Solving Equations Using Addition and Subtraction Properties
Subtract 10 from both sides.
A. 10 + n = 1810 + n = 18
–10 –10
0 + n = 8 n = 8 Identity Property of Zero: 0 + n = n.
Check
10 + n = 18?
10 + 8 = 18
18 = 18?
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Solve.
Additional Example 2B: Solving Equations Using Addition and Subtraction Properties
Add 8 to both sides.
B. p – 8 = 9p – 8 = 9
+ 8 + 8
p + 0 = 17 p = 17 Identity Property of Zero: p + 0 = p.
Checkp – 8 = 9
? 17 – 8 = 9
9 = 9?
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Solve.
Additional Example 2C: Solving Equations Using Addition and Subtraction Properties
Add 11 to both sides.
C. 22 = y – 1122 = y – 11
+ 11 + 11
33 = y + 0 33 = y Identity Property of Zero: y + 0 = 0.
Check22 = y – 11
? 22 = 33 – 11
22 = 22?
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Additional Example 3A
+ =+ =34 16,550
x + 0 = 16,516
A. Jan took a 34-mile trip in her car, and the odometer showed 16,550 miles at the end of the trip. What was the original odometer reading?
Subtract 34 from both sides.
x + 34 = 16,550
The original odometer reading was 16,516 miles.
odometer reading at the beginning of the
tripmiles traveled
x
–34 – 34
x = 16,516
Solve:
odometer reading at the end of the trip
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Additional Example 3B
+ =+ =n 1125
0 + n = 230
B. From 1980 to 2000, the population of a town increased from 895 residents to 1125 residents. What was the increase in population during that 20-year period?
Subtract 895 from both sides.
895 + n = 1125
The increase in population was 230.
initial population increase in population
895
–895 – 895
n = 230
Solve:
population after increase
1-3 Solving Addition and Subtraction Equations
Pre-Algebra
Lesson QuizDetermine which value of x is a solution of the equation.
1. x + 9 = 17; x = 6, 8, or 26
2. x – 3 = 18; x = 15, 18, or 21
Solve.
3. a + 4 = 22
4. n – 6 = 39
5. The price of your favorite cereal is now $4.25. In prior weeks the price was $3.69. Write and solve an equation to find n, the increase in the price of the cereal.
821
a = 18
n = 45
3.69 + n = 4.25; $0.56