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1
9. Human ResourceManagement & Motivation
And
Labor-Management Relations
2
Responsibilities ofHR Managers
• Planning for staffing– Forecasting
• Estimate demand
• Estimate supply
• Accommodate changing conditions
– Job analysis
– Job description• Statement of tasks
• Statement of conditions (work environment)
– Job specification
3
Responsibilities of HR Managers(Cont.)
• Recruiting & selecting– Initial contact– Application– Employment tests (optional)– Interview (HR)– Interview (Supervisor)– Reference check– Medical examination– Evaluation & selection– Notification & employment
4
Responsibilities of HR Managers(Cont.)
• Orienting– Orientation programs
• Company background • Benefit programs
• Employment policies • Job duties
• Standards of conduct • Employee manuals
• Training– On-the-job – Apprenticeship– Off-the-job – Mgmt. development
5
Responsibilities of HR Managers(Cont.)
• Evaluating performance– Performance appraisal
• Written standards and evaluation• Multiple evaluators (e.g., 360º review)• Measurability of productivity
• Compensation– Wages/salaries– Incentives
• Bonuses • Commissions • Gain sharing• Profit sharing • Production sharing • Pay-for-
knowledge
6
Responsibilities of HR Managers(Cont.)
• Benefits– Perquisites– Flexible benefit (“Cafeteria”) plans– Flexible work plans
• Terminations– Layoff & firing
• Employment at will policies• Restructuring—reorganization of firm• Downsizing—reducing size of workforce
– Outsourcing
7
Unions: Terms to Know
• Labor union • Collective bargaining• Closed shop • Bargaining zone• Union shop • Grievance• Agency shop • Strike• Open shop • Picketing• Featherbedding • Lockout• Boycott
8
Important Legislation
• Norris-LaGuardia Act (1932)– Reduced management’s ability to obtain court orders to
halt union activity
• Wagner Act (1935)– AKA National Labor Relations Act– Legalized collective bargaining & established
unionization procedures– Established National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
• Oversees union elections• Investigates management-labor-related complaints
9
Important Legislation (Cont.)
• Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)– Federal government sets minimum wage– Overtime pay required for >40 hours/week– Child labor prohibited
• Taft-Hartley Act (1947)– AKA Labor-Management Relations Act– Prohibits unfair union practices– Gives management more rights during union organizing
efforts– Gives President power to obtain injunctions against unions– Authorizes right-to-work laws
10
Important Legislation (Cont.)
• Landrum-Griffin Act (1959)– Regulates internal functioning of unions– Requires unions to file annual reports with
Dept. of Labor
11
The Unionization Process
• People join unions for variety of reasons– Combat alienation– Perception of increased job security– Dissatisfaction with job
• Steps in forming a union– Organizing campaign
• 30+ % employees must sign authorization cards
– Formal election– Union obtains majoritybecomes official bargaining
representativeNLRB certification takes place– Union voted downno other election for 1 year
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Role of NLRB
• Oversees organizing campaign– Ensures no underhanded techniques or distortion of
truth
• Conducts election if warranted– Within 45 days after submittal of authorization cards
• Certifies election results– Counts votes
– Considers any challenges