1 Albrecht Wagner, EPP2010, 16 May 2005, Chicago ILC - International Cooperation and Coordination The Point of view of DESY and Germany Albrecht Wagner,

1Albrecht Wagner, EPP2010, 16 May 2005, Chicago

ILC - International Cooperation and Coordination

The Point of view of DESY and GermanyAlbrecht Wagner, DESY and University of Hamburg

EPP2010 Committee on Elementary Particle Physics in the 21st Century


Deutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronMember of the Helmholtz Association

Mission: Development, construction, operation and scientific exploitation of accelerators

Provide access for national and international users

Internationally used, nationally funded Research Institute

Budget: 165 MEuro (2002)

Staff: 1560 in Hamburg and Zeuthen

Users: 3000 (1500 from abroad)

Accelerator development

Photon ResearchSR & FEL

Exp. & Theor. Particle Physics


Research Facilities at DESY and the ILC

1990 2000 2010

HERA

ILC

Particle Physics

Photon Science

DORIS

PETRA as highest brilliance X-ray source

VUV-FEL as research facility and ILC test bed

European XFEL in Hamburg

DESY operates today 16 km of accelerators


DESY and the ILC – 1

1. European particle physics (ECFA) has identified the ILC as its top priority after the construction of the LHC

2. The TESLA collaboration with DESY has published in 2001 a Technical Design Report including a detailed cost estimate.

3. DESY has based its future in particle physics on the ILC, with the strong support of the German and European particle physicists and backed by the German government.

4. DESY is operating a test facility, based on the technology chosen for the ILC, and will build the European XFEL, a 20 GeV accelerator, starting in 2007.

5. DESY is committed to the participation in the ILC independent of its location and has proposed a concrete scheme for global collaboration and participation.


ECFA Road Map

• The European Committee for Future Accelerators established in 2002 a road map for particle physics from an European view point. This road map was reconfirmed in 2004:

The top priority, after completion of the LHC, is the participation in the ILC, as it will provide precise answers to nearly all big open questions in particle physics and will be complementary to LHC, independent of the scenario realised in nature.

• The OECD Global Science Forum, based on road maps in Asia, Europe and the US, has confirmed this priority and supports the timely construction of the ILC.

• The OECD Science ministers in 2004 endorsed this support


LEP

Example of Complementarity of Proton and Electron Colliders

Direct observation

Prediction of top quark mass by e+e- collider LEP through precision measurements of quantum fluctuations

Direct observation at Tevatron

-> Proof of Standard Model

Combination allows

-> Prediction of Higgs mass


LHC / ILC and Supersymmetry Parameters

© Ph. Bechtle

SUSY parameter determination by LHC only and LHC+ILC

Illustration of importance of information from both machines



1. European particle physics (ECFA) have identified the ILC as their top priority after the construction of the LHC






The TESLA Technical Design Report for an LC included an integrated XFEL

It was developed by the TESLA Collaboration

Number of authors: 1134 from 304 institutes in 36 Countries

TESLA Technical Design Report


TESLA Cost Evaluation

Based on TTF experience and studies by industry (Year 2000 prices)

500 GeV Linear Collider with 1 experimental area 3136 M€

One detector for particle physics 210 M€

Personnel 7000 person years ~ 500 M€









ILC – the Future of Particle Physics at DESY

The future of Particle Physics at DESY is firmly based on a participation in the ILC (physics, accelerator, detectors)

Steps taken:

• R&D on accelerators (within the TESLA collaboration) and on detectors, strong involvement in making the physics case

• Submission of TDR to German government and its highest advisory body, the Science Council, for Evaluation

• Termination of operation of HERA in 2007 (one of the reasons)

• Key element of DESY 5-year strategic plan and funding request (200-2009)

The TDR and this strategy

• have been endorsed by the German particle physicists,

• were reviewed and endorsed internationally (Science Council) and

• are supported by the German government through funding


Evaluation of TESLA by German Science Council

• “The scientific questions addressed by the Linear Collider TESLA promise an exceptionally high gain in knowledge for fundamental questions of the micro- and macro cosmos. ...

• A timely overlap of operation of TESLA and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is useful since it is expected that TESLA will be able to precisely investigate the properties of phenomena to be traced by the LHC.

• Construction and operation of the facility should be done in an international collaboration which allows all partners to actively be involved from their home institutions ...”


Government Decision on LC

The decisions of the German Ministry for Education and Research concerning TESLA was published on 5 February 2003:

“Today, no German site for the TESLA linear collider will be put forward.

This decision is connected to plans to operate this project within a world-wide collaboration.

DESY will continue its research work on TESLA in the existing international framework, to facilitate German participation in a future global project.”









The TESLA Collaboration

• The TESLA Collaboration has selected in 1991 the SCRF Technology for its high potential:

high luminosity high power efficiencyrelatively relaxed tolerances

Challenges:high acceleration gradientscost effective realisation

The collaboration has recently changed its mission and name and has become the

TESLA Technology collaboration

- KEK and SLAC have joint, other labs are going to join


Development of the ILC Technology

Development of Gradients in superconducting RF cavities

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

Gra

die

nt

(MV

/m)

World Average

CEBAF

TESLA

TESLA

TESLA el.polish

SC RF structures for accelerators were developed in many countries

The TESLA collaboration, centred at DESY, combined ~ all the world expertise in SC, thus leading to major progress:

> 25-fold improvement in performance/cost in 10 years

Major impact on next generation light sources (XFEL, ERL) , proton accelerators etc


RF gun

FEL experimental

area

bypass

4 MeV 150 MeV 450 MeV 1000 MeV

undulatorscollimator

bunch compressorLaser

bunch compressor

accelerator modules

accelerator modules undulator section

The Technical Feasibility has been Proven

The TESLA Test Facility and VUV-FEL built and operated at DESY by the TESLA collaboration

Lasing at 30 nm demonstrated

t ~ 20 fs


The SCRF technology allows the acceleration of high intensity, high quality electron beams, thus providing the base for an X-ray laser

Brillance:~ 109 higherPulse duration:• 1000 times shorter

• Coherence• Wave length tuneable

The XFEL - a revolutionary photon source


Status of the European XFEL Project

• Proposal Oct. 2002 – X-ray FEL user facility with 20 GeV superconducting linear accelerator in SCRF technology

• Approval by German government Feb. 2003 as European Project

• Commitment for 50% of funding + expected ~10% by Hamburg & Schleswig-Holstein, 40% European partners

• Tremendous synergy with main linac of ILC

TESLA XFELFirst Stage of the X-Ray Laser Laboratory

Technical Design Report

Supplement

October 2002



Supplement

October 2002



Supplement

October 2002

The Science Council, during its evaluation, asked DESY for a proposal for a stand-alone XFEL.


Status of the European XFEL Project

• 10 countries have signed the Memorandum of Understanding for the preparatory phase (Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom). Hungary is about to sign.

• Discussions in Netherlands, Russia and China

At present the project is in preparatory phase, defined by a Memorandum of Understanding, guided by an International Steering Group, with two Working Groups


Preparation of Project within framework of MoU

Science

Technology (accel...)

Local implementation

Politics

Experiments

Organisation

Cost

Etc.

Construction of Project within framework of contract between partner countries

Operation of project and scientific exploitation of European XFEL

2004 2006 2012

XFEL Time Line

Goal:

Until mid 2006 finish all preparations for an agreement on Government level for construction and operation of EU XFEL


European XFEL Site

Treaty between HH and Schleswig- Holstein

Legal approval process for implementation has just started



• European particle physics (ECFA) have identified the ILC as their top priority after the construction of the LHC

• The TESLA collaboration with DESY has published in 2001 a Technical Design Report including a detailed cost estimate.

• DESY has based its future in particle physics on the ILC, with the strong support of the German and European particle physicists and backed by the German government.

• DESY is operating a test facility, based on the technology chosen for the ILC, and will build the European XFEL, a 20 GeV accelerator, starting in 2007.

• DESY is committed to the participation in the ILC independent of its location and has proposed a concrete scheme for global collaboration and participation.


A Global Accelerator Network

• Collaboration of interested accelerator laboratories and institutes world-wide with the goal to build, operate and utilise large new accelerators

• Follows major detector collaboration in particle physics• Partners contribute through components or subsystems• Joint operation

Examples from science (astronomy…) and industry …


Enabling Large Projects

- Make best use of world-wide competence, ideas, resources

- Make projects part of the national programs of the participating countries

- Create a visible presence of activities in all participating countries

- Make site selection less important and controversial *

* Put accelerator at an existing lab: make optimal use of available experience, manpower and infrastructure


Possible legal structure as an international project:

Limited Liability Companycorresponding to a ‘Holding’

Basis for the project: agreement between the participating countries or institutions (Project Convention)

International Organisation

Possible forms of organisations have been discussed by the TESLA collaboration (TDR and reply to questions by Science Council) and by a subgroup of ECFA (Kalmus report).

European XFEL: a test case


European Design Study

(27 institutions, including CERN and DESY)

Accelerator research and related R&D.

European Union Funding for ILC R&D

The referees of EUROTeV emphasised the importance of the ILC

EUROTeV plays the role of a focus and nucleus for the European part of the global activities

Global projects represent a new challenge for European science coordination


International Cooperation on the ILC

• Road map discussions in the three regions, leading to a consensus about scientific priorities

• Decision by the German Government to move forward on an X-ray (same technology) and to continue the R&D for the ILC in an international context

• First meetings of the funding agencies• Consultative group of OECD

• OECD Ministerial Statement supporting the ILC• Decision on technology• First ILC workshop

• ICFA unanimously appointed the director of the GDE MoU for establishing the GDE was signed by major

labsThis list is incomplete, but illustrates the steady

progress

2001

2003

2004

2005


Summary – DESY and the ILC

• European particle physics (ECFA) have identified the ILC as their top priority after the construction of the LHC

• The TESLA collaboration with DESY has published in 2001 a Technical Design Report including a detailed cost estimate.

• DESY has based its future in particle physics on the ILC, with the strong support of the German and European particle physicists and backed by the German government.

• DESY is operating a test facility, based on the technology chosen for the ILC, and will build the European XFEL, a 20 GeV accelerator, starting in 2007.

• DESY is committed to the participation in the ILC independent of its location and has proposed a concrete scheme for global collaboration and participation.

Documents

1 Albrecht Wagner, EPP2010, 16 May 2005, Chicago ILC - International Cooperation and Coordination The Point of view of DESY and Germany Albrecht Wagner,