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APA Q&A Panel: Reference Entries
Walden Writing Center Staff
If you’d like to download these PowerPoint slides, you can find the link on our webinar calendar.
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Melanie Brown, PhD
Beth Oyler
Sarah Prince, PhD
Kayla Skarbakka
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Housekeeping Items
• PowerPoint slides available via webinar calendar
• Answer questions submitted before webinar
• Submit further questions & clarifications via Question box
• Overview• Basic formats• Websites• Specific types• Formatting and
resources
Agenda
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What is a references list?
• Complete list of sources used within paper
• Includes full publication information
• Citations created from reference entries
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John: Why doesn't APA recognize how to reference a bibliography in its 6th edition?
Nerissa: Is the word "References" wrong? Are you suppose to write "Bibliography" instead?
Jackson: The Modern Language Association (MLA) is mentioned in some text as a guide to citing and referencing. Will it be discussed?
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Getting Started:
Basic Format and Common Sources
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Basic Format (add question)
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of source. Publication information.
Organization or Company’s Name. (Year). Title of source. Publication information.
(Author, Year) OR Author (Year) said…
(Organization’s Name, Year)OR
According to Organization’s Name (Year)…
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Sita: Do I reference the writer of a peer reviewed document or each one of the original writers?
Veronica: How do reference from a web page that is does not have an author?
Teresa: How to cite a State web site that does not have an author per say on your reference list?
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Mackington: I am confused about the difference between how to cite a journal article and a book…Can someone provide me with an example of each, please?
Deane, S. (2005). Online education: Is it for you? Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse.
Volery, T., & Lord, D. (2000). Critical success factors in online education. International Journal of Educational Management, 14(5), 216-223. doi: 10.1108/09513540010344731
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DOI versus URL
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Rhonda: How do you properly cite a chapter within a book?
Deane, S. (2005). Online education: Is it for you? Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse.
Champion, V. L., & Skinner Sugg, C. (2008). The health belief model. In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 45-62; 4th ed.). New York, NY: Jossey-Bass.
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The Juicy Stuff:
Citing Online Material
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Sandra: I am still confused about when and how to cite information retrieved from a website. Can you elaborate on this issue?Nerissa: How do you cite website with no date?
Organization or Company’s Name. (Year). Title of source. Publication information.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Key facts about seasonal flu vaccine. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu /protect/keyfacts.htm
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Common Confusion:
Tricky Types of Sources
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Cynthia: When you cite an author and they have citations from different people, how would you cite it?
Let’s say we read…Seaborn (2012).
Seaborn (2012) talked about Craig (2009).
We want to talk about what Craig (2009) said, but we haven’t read Craig (2009).
Who do we cite?• Seaborn (2012) in reference list• Use “as cited in” within citations:
Craig (as cited in Seaborn, 2012)
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Dolores: How do you site the media clips featured in the resources for a given module of a class? I often have a problem finding the information necessary for the citation.
Laureate Education, Inc. (Producer). (2013). Title of the video or program [Video webcast]. In Name of the Program Series. Retrieved from www.urlofvideofromcourse.com
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Bernadene: How does one reference lectures in the body of a paper and on the reference list from the resources in a course module?
The advantages of online education [Course handout]. (2013). Retrieved from www.urlofcourse.com
Technology use in asynchronous education [Assignment prompt]. (2013). Retrieved from www.urlofcourse.com
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Dawn: What is the proper way to cite a verbal statement from a person?Fargo: How do I cite interviews?
I talked to my manager as part
of an assignment.
I talked to my manager as part
of an assignment.
I’d like to use my manager as a source in my
paper.
I’d like to use my manager as a source in my
paper.
• Don’t include your manager in the references list• Format citation with the words “personal
communication”
(J. Brock, personal communication, January 5, 2013)
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Charles: How can I reference a newspaper article using APA style?
Carnevale, D. (2006). Company’s survey suggests strong growth potential for online education. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/Companys-Survey-Suggests/23680/
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Charlene: How do you cite and reference your own paper?
Oyler, E. (2013). Writing Center hierarchy in an asynchronous environment. Unpublished manuscript, Walden University.
Tracy: I am not sure if I need to cite something I have put into a previous paper because they aren’t published but all of my papers build upon each other.
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Richelle: How and when do you cite multiple sources and what is the order of that citation…does it matter?
Erikson, E. H. (1994a). Identity and the life cycle (Reissue ed.). New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company.
Erikson, E. H. (1994b). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York, NY: W.
W. Norton & Company.
Several studies confirmed the correlation between a hard work ethic and success in post-secondary education (Derry & Reed, 2006; Miller, 2009; Wilson & Myers).
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Finishing Touches and Helpful Resources
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Formatting
• Double space
• Center (not bold) title: References
• Hanging indent
• Starts on new page
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Audrey: Is there really a computer program available to assist you with the correct APA format? If it is, is this a form of plagiarism?
Archer: I know that there is software available to assist with APA style writing. What is the best program to use or is it recommended to even use any program at all?
Ruth: Is the PERRLA software correct. They say it is correct but I keep getting comments to follow APA format.
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Kimberly: Is there one list that gives examples of APA in cite references, along with Ref. list?
Betty: What is the best way that we cannot forget all the rules of APA?
Mustapha: How does one know that a paper complies with APA style?
Deirdre: What resource or book do you recommend I have on hand to help me with APA formatting as I tackle my first paper? I have not written an APA formatted paper for several years so I am rather rusty on the process.
