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ASEAN COMMUNITY
One Community, One Destiny
One Community
One Identity
One Vision
Developed and shared by Kem Ley, Research Consultant012 78 70 [email protected]
YRDP Youth Alumni30 April 2012
OUTLINES1) ASEAN & Global Architecture2) ASEAN Overview 3) ASEAN in Figures4) ASEAN People Forum5) ASEAN & Youth6) ASEAN & Education7) ASEAN & Employment8) ASEAN & Human Rights Declaration9) Toward ASEAN Community10)References
1) ASEAN & Global Architecture
Global Architectures
African Union 1960
ASEAN 1967
Soviet Union1922
Arab League
1945
European Union1952
Continent name Population (2011)Asia 4,140,336,501Africa 994,527,534Europe 738,523,843North America 528,720,588South America 385,742,554Oceania 36,102,071Antarctica 4,490
Population by continents
Population by Countries
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000 16,543
14,800
5,365 5,273
1,719 1,367 1,193 991136
ASEAN estimated GDP 2010 compared other countries (US$ B)
Source: ASEAN Community in figures 2010
Found 1922Soviet Union
Failed in Dec1991
Come to power in 1985Democratization
Dramatic drop of oil price in 1985-1986
Cold War 1980-1991Reagan Doctrine
US Strategy in Soviet Unions' alliances
Revolution in 1989Eastern Europe
Economic Growth stagnated
Mikhail Gorbachev
Boris Yeltsin
Two Strategies1. Freedom of speech: Policy of Glasnost 2. Economic Reform: Perstroika
15 Separate Countries
Moscow into bankruptcyReasons: • Wasteful use of natural Resources 1970• Joseph Stalin’s Leadership• Cold War‐Industrial Development‐US/EU
Arab League1945
195922 members
1998Iraq War
2003
2007
2011-2012Official agreement on Economic, Cultural and Social Program
1959 First Petroleum Congress1964 Established Arab
League (Educational, Cultural and Scientific organization)
1942 UK promote Arab League to win WAR against Germany
1944 agreed maong Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, North Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Jordan & Palestine
1958 , added Morocco a& Tunisia
1961-1977 , Kuwait, AlgeriaSouth Yemen, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Mauritania, Somalia, Palestine and Djibouti
Weaken Arab LeagueIsrael & Palestine ConflictThree Gulf WarsPolitical Issues
Arab League condemned
Voted to remove US-UK troop from Iraq 21-1 Kuwait
Peace Summit in Riyadh
Arab condoned the crackdown of protectors in Libya and Series
EU
1952European Coal and Steel Community
6 Countriees‐27 ‐28 Croatia in 2013
Single Market1992
Single Currency
Common Foreign Policy
Founders1. France2. West Germany3. Italy4. Belgium5. Netherlands6. Luxembourg
High Authority
1. Lasting Peach after WWII2. Mutually interdependent3. Trade4. EU Military Alliance‐NATO(ASEAN is not)
1992 Free movement of goods, capital, services and people1. the removal of trade
barriers in the form of import restrictions.
2. harmonizing legislation and by introducing common European standards.
20021. 12 members ‐17 members2. European Central Bank‐Germany
Interest RateBudget DeficitSovereign DebtCurrency Stability
Before member EU1. Standard of
Democracy, Justice and Human Rights
2. Well functioning market economy
3. Implement existing EU Legislations
Permanent Precedent of EU 1. Representation2. EU Promotion3. EU Law Enforcement4. EU Foreign Policy
African Union
Found 19609 July 2002Based in Ethiopia
Political and economic integration
Peace and security in
AfricaPromote
democratic, governance and human
rights
Executive CouncilPermanent representative councilEconomic, social and cultural council Civil Society Consultation bodies
2)ASEAN Overview
• ASEAN Declaration
• 5 Countries
8th Aug 1967
• Brunei
7th Jan 1984• Vietnam
28th July 1995
• Loa• Myanmar
23rd July 1997 • Cambodia
30th April 1999
Regional Cooperation1. Economic2. Social 3. Cultural 4. Technical 5. Educational 6. Other fieldsRegional Peace,Stability throughjustice and ruleOf LawAdherences toprinciples of UNCharter
Fundamental Principles-TAC (Treaty of Amity and Cooperation 19761. Mutual Respects2. Free from external interference 3. Settlement of Differences or disputes by peaceful manners4. Renunciation of threat or use of force-Border Conflict5. Effective cooperation among themselves
ASEAN Community 2020 -9th ASEAN Summit in 2003 ASEAN Community 2015-12th ASEAN Submit in 2007-Affirmed or CEBU Declaration
18th ASEAN SUMMIT 2011JARKATA
ASEAN Constitution1979Jakarta10 Articles
ASEAN CHARTER
55 ChaptersDetailed ASEAN Constitution
ASEAN Organizational Structure1. The General Assembly2. The Governing Council3. The secretariat-ASEAN
RoadmapStrategic Plan
ASEAN Statistics
ASEAN1) 1967 BBK Declaration2) 1976 Concord Declaration3) 1976 Treaty of Amity
ASEAN Community 2009-2015
ASEAN CHARTER
ASEANCharter15 Dec 2008
Jakarta
Legal Status
Institutional Framework
Norms, Rule and Values
Clear Target
Accountability & Compliance
Agreed by 10 ASEAN members states
• ASEAN Declaration
• 5 Countries
8th Aug 1967
• Brunei
7th Jan 1984• Vietnam
28th July 1995
• Loa• Myanmar
23rd July 1997 • Cambodia
30th April 1999
•1st 1976, Indonesia •2nd 1977, Malaysia•3rd 1987, Philippines•4th 1992, Singapore •5th 1995, Thailand•6th 1998, Vietnam•7th 2001, Brunei
ASEAAN Summit
• 8th 2002, Cambodia •9th 2003, Indonesia •10th 2004, Laos •11th 2005, Malaysia•12th 2007, Philippines•13th 2007, Singapore• 14th 2009, Thailand
ASEAN Summit
•15th , 2009, Thailand•16th 2010, Vietnam•17th, 2010 Vietnam•18th ,2011 Indonesia•19th 2011 Indonesia•20th 2012 Cambodia
ASEAN Summit
14th Summit : Hua Hin Declaration on the Roadmap for an ASEAN Community
ASEAN SUMMIT
Political‐Security
Community
Economic Community
Social Cultural
Community
1) Ministerial MeetingsInformationCulture & ArtEducationDisaster MgtEnvironmentHealthLabor (Declaration on Promotion & Protection of all migrant workers/FamiliesRural Dev. & Poverty ReductionSocial WelfareYouthCivil Service Matters
2) ASEAN University Network
3) Centers Biodiversity CentreDisaster Management CentreEarth Quake Information CentreSpecialized Metrological Centre
1) Foreign Ministerial MeetingsDevelopment PlanningStanding Committee
2) Nuclear Free Zoon Commission3) Defense Ministers Meeting4) Law Ministers meeting5) Ministerial meeting on
transnational CrimeTran national CrimeDrug MattersImmigration departmentConsular Affairs
6) ASEAN Regional Forum
1) Economic Ministers Meeting-High Level Task Force on ASEAN Economic Integration
2) ASEAN Free Trade Area-AFTA Council3) ASEAN Investment Area Council-AIA4) ASEAN Finance Ministers Meeting
Central BankCustoms
5) ASEAN Ministers Meetings• On Agriculture & Forestry• Energy• Minerals• Technology• Transport• Tourism• Mekong Basin Devel.
6) Committee on Science and Technology
7) Telecommunication and Information8) Telecommunication Gegulators
Councils
KEY EVENTS OF ASEANTIMELINE KEY EVENTS
1967 Found in 8 August , Bangkok
1976 A Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC), Principles of non interference in the internal affairs of member countries
1992 AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area), Singapore Declaration
1994 Peaceful Conflict Resolution Mechanisms
1993 ASEAN Member state agreed on Vienna’s Declaration on Human Rights Promotion and Protection of Human Rights
2005 ASEAN PEOPLE FORUM , Malaysia, 11th ASEAN Summit
2007 Acceleration of ASEAN Community 2015, CEBU Declaration
2008 ASEAN Charter as Legal Framework or Rule based Organization
2009 ASEAN inter governmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR)
2012 ASEAN Human Rights Declaration
3)ASEAN in Figures
92
8.8 ASEAN and World Popultaion
World
ASEAN
Population : 578,498,000 Population Density : 134.9Land Area (sqkm) : 4,345,670Live Expectancy (year) : 61.0‐80.7 Sex Ratio‐M/F : 99.5GDP per Capita : 3092.5 US$GDP Growth at constant Price : 7.4%Unemployment Rate : 1.0‐7.9%Infant Mortality Rate : 2.1‐71.0%Access to safe drinking water : 60‐100%Access to improved sanitation : 28‐100%NER‐Secondary School : 34.1‐89.1%Adult Literacy Rate : 77.6‐95.0%Youth aged 15‐29 : 159,613,000 or 28%
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000546,865
264,323
193,108182,702161,358
96,317
24,973 10,759 10,359 5,579
GDP at current market Prices (US$ mn)
Source: ASEAN Community in figures 2010
234,181,000
94,013,000
86,930,000
67,312,000
60,163,000
28,909,000
15,269,000 6,230,0005,077,000
415,000
Total Pop in 2010
Indonesia
Philippines
Viet Nam
Thailand
Mayanmar
Malaysia
Cambodia
Lao
Singapore
Brunei
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
43,929
28,830
8,262
4,735
3,0232,0141,238
1,040
830
592
Singapore
Brunei
Malaysia
Thailand
Indonesia
Philippines
Viet Nam
Lao
Cambodia
Mayanmar
GDP Per Capita (US$)
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
95 95 94 94 93 92 92 91
78 73
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Adult Literacy Rate
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
109 109 109 107101 99
9182 81
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Girl‐Boy Ratio in Secondary School
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
89
7668
61
36 34
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Brunei Thailand Indonesia Philippines Lao Cambodia
NER (secondary School)
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
7,300
5,580 5,530
2,390 2,390
840 790 62050 20
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
Internet Subscriber Per 10,000 Pop
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
To…
0
10,000
20,000
30,00024,577
15,93610,511
7,0035,050
3,292 2,513 2,508792 112
Tourst Arrival (000) Annually
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
18
9
6
4 4
2 2 2 21
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Share of tourist from USA
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
20
17
12
10 9 97
54 4
0
5
10
15
20
25
Share of tourist from EU
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
79 77
65
51
4134 33
29
9 9
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Share of Intra ASEAN Tourist arrival
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
14,047
12,25711,060 10,666 10,056
8,098
5,1183,778
790 900
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Cellular Phone Density per 10,000 Pop
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
815
672
397
286
186145
67 60 35 130
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Venicles per 1000 Pop
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000699,273
377,719
364,531293,442
156,993
109,660
11,952
11,798 10,480 6,938
Total Trade (US$ mn)
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
45.0040.10 36.40
33.9033.5027.90
25.5022.50
20.40
9.10
0.60
Rate of Growth of Import (%)
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00 37.60 35.40
34.2032.70 29.3028.10 27.10
22.50
19.80
12.00
Rate of Growth of Export (%)
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.0035.90
32.9032.00
30.10
16.6014.80
8.50
3.60
0.00 0.00
People who are living below National Poverty Line
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
100 9994
9082 80 78
6560
28
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Access To Safe Drinking Water (%)
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
10095 93 92 90
80 80 80
65
48
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Access to improved sanitation
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
Its the rights every mother and newborn child to survive pregnancy and childbirth and have a safe pregnancy, (Child Conventions, 1989, CEDAW, 1979, Int. Covenants of economic, social and cultural rights 1967) MMR reflects a woman’s basic health status, her access to health care and
quality of health care.Worldwide, close to 600,000 women are estimated to die each year from
complications, most of which can be prevented.
26 7
12 13
2631
62
69 71
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Infant Mortality Rate per 1,000 live births
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
5.00%
6.00%
7.00%
8.00% 7.20%6.56%
4.90%
3.70%3.00%
2.50%2.90%
1.90% 1.68%1.20%
ASEAN Country Unemployment Rate‐2008‐2011
Source: World Fact Book, CIA, 2011
4) ASEAN People Forum
2007
ASEAN Summit , Nov Signed ASEAN CHARTER‐Article 14 Human Rights Body
ASEAN Civil Society Conference 27‐28 Oct
50 participants
Call for creation of Human Right Body
SINGAPORE
2009 Thailand
800 participants
A commitment to developing Human Rights Body
Migrant Workers’ declaration‐ASEAN Declaration on Promotion and Protection of Rights of Migrant Workers and their families
23‐26 Sept 2010,
Vietnam , 700 Participants
Deputy PM Vietnam
1. ASEAN Human Rights Mechanisms
2. Urge to develop policy on protection of rights of people especially women, children, ethnic minority and disable…)
2011‐APF
Indonesia
3‐5 May
1,330 Participants
Human Rights Concerns
Greater Access to information‐Right to information Policy
18th Summit 7 May 2011
2012‐APF 1,200 Participants‐4 WS were cancelled
Cambodia
29‐31 Mar
Summit 3‐4 April
Transforming ASEAN into People Centre Community
1. Human Rights
2. Forced Eviction
3. Land Issues
4 .Migrant Workers
5. Democracy
6. Child Rights
7. Disable Rights
8. Climate Changes
9. ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF PEOPLE
Four sensitive issues were cancelled such as land rights, mass eviction, environmental issues and Burma
Loa delegates were prohibited
Article 1 of ASEAN Charter: 13: To promote a people oriented ASEAN in which all sectors of society are encouraged to participate in, and benefit from, the process of ASEAN integration and community building
2005‐Malaysia
2006‐Phillipines
History of CSO‐AFP
Laos, Thai, Myanmar, Cambodia & Vietnam sent Government‐backed CSO representatives but Indonesia and Philippines are not
Internal CSO network
Formal Participation
Informal Participation Mechanisms
Meaningful & Successful
Engagement of CSOs
1. Common Platform with common goal
2. Collective Advocacy Efforts
3. Civil Society Leadership & Capacity in Policy Decision Making Process Engagement
4. Emphasize on the functions rather than forms of engagement
5. Continue (rather than one off ) engagement –Every stages instead of sporadic invitation
6. Creative use of new technology of Advocacy
Continues engagement of Civil Society Organizationis two ways ofcommunication andmeaningful involvement but one off or sporadic invitation is one way communication and lost following up of proposed Issues.
Empowerment ofVulnerable GroupRepresentatives andspace creation for them
CSO Statement on ASEAN Statement on Human Rights, Democracy, Rights of Women, Children, Indigenous groups, Climate Change, good governance..
2005, 120 People‐Malaysia, 11th Summit1st APF
1. Access to information2. Participation in decision making3. Civil and Political Rights4. Environmental Sustainability5. Women, Youth and Indigenous Empowerment
2006, 300 people, Philippines , 12th Summit 1. Democracy, Human Rights 2. Gender inequality3. Exclusion of children and Youth
2007, 200 people , Singapore, 13th Summit 1. Human Rights, Democracy2. Signing of ASEAN Charter3. Effective Mechanisms
2009, 500 people, 15th Summit, Thailand 1. Human Rights and Democracy2. Good Governance3. Women , Children and Indigenous rights
2010, 700 people, Vietnam, 1. Human Rights and Democracy2. Rights of Vulnerable Group3. Gender inequality
2011, 1300 people, Indonesia, 18th Summit 1. Rule of law2. Human Rights and Democracy 3. Labor, Migrants…Youth, Sex Workers , Social Protection
2012, 1200 people, 20th Summit, 8th APF , Cambodia
1. Democracy and Human Rights Declaration2. ASEAN CSO Body3. Issus of Land Rights, Migrants, Gender, Disable, Human Rights,
Democracy
Information Consultation
DialogueBroad
Collaborative Mechanisms
Partnership
Low Influence High
Level of Participation
Reformulation
Agenda Setting
Drafting
Decision
Implementation
Monitoring
Process of the Political Decision Making Process
Agenda Setting Drafting Decision Implementation Monitoring Reformulation
Information
Consultation
Dialogue
Partnership
Human Rights Declaration
Land Rights
Rights
MSM Rights
Child Rights
Disable Rights
Indigenous Rights
Migrant Workers
Youth and reproductive
Rights
Quality of Education
Burma
Democracy and Election
Peace Buiilding
Climate Changes
Rivers and Hydropower
Extractive Industries
Loss of Forest
CSO Statement –ASEAN 2012
5) ASEAN & Youth
ASEAN & YOUTHNER:34-89%, Youth 160M/600 M or 37%
1st AYF 2009, Thailand2nd AYF 2010, Vietnam3rd AYF 2011, Indonesia
4th AYF 2012, Cambodia, 26-28th Mar 2012, at Golden Stadium Hotel-youth participation in transforming ASEAN into People Centered Community
Students: 3,190,109
Student at Rural : 2,582,944
Primary Lower Sec Upper Sec
GER 116 % 58.5% 32.9%
NER 95.2% 35% 20.6%
History of ASEAN Youth Forums
1-2 April 2012, Phnom Penh, HotelRoles of Youth in ASEAN Community BuildingTopics: Youth Entrepreneurship and Youth Leadership39 Youth from ASEAN Countries and 225 Youths from Public and Private Universities in PP
ASEAN AwarenessASEAN Entrepreneurship SkillsASEAN Youth VolunteerismASEAN Youth Leadership12% of GDP should allocated for Basic and tertiary Eduaction-2011-VN
Statements-ASEAN Youth Body1. Low quality of education2. High unemployment rates,3. unsustainable environment caused by destructive development project,4. Low quality of public health services.
ASEAN Community 2015
EDUCATION-FUTURE EMPLOYMENT
Degree Program in the region
Graduate
Professional Skills
Inter Cultural Skills
English
ASEAN Community 2015
ASEAN AND YOUTH
1992‐2009
Once in every two years meeting
2009‐2010
15th ASEAN Youth Day Meeting‐AMMY VI25 June 2009‐Youth Volunteerism
1. Leadership dev.
2. Entrepreneurship
3. ASEAN Awareness
‐ Youth Exchange Program‐6,000 engaged till 2012
‐ ASEAN +CHINA Youth entrepreneurship Association
Third Forum 15 Dec 2009, VN
‐ASEAN‐CHINA YOUTH CAMP 2010
2010‐2011
16th ASEAN Youth Day Meeting
VI AMMY 25 June 200
Vision powered by Action 2015
Common Themes
1. Leadership development
2. Entrepreneurship
3. ASEAN Awareness Raising
‐ Youth Forum and Festival 2011
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Education toward ASEAN C 2015
‐ ASEAN‐CHINA Entrepreneurship Exchange Program
‐Japan East Asia Network of Exchange for students and Youth
‐Asia Exchange Association‐ Asia Korea Frontiers Forum
Bring the next generation of youth leaders or dialogue relation on business, environment and Tourist
2011‐2012
2015,
ASEAN&YOUTH
Flow of PeopleWorkforceStudentsExchange ProgramStandard degreeUniversity NetworkMulti Cultural SkillsProfessional SkillsSkill competitivenessEmployment Policy
6) ASEAN & Education
Roadmap 2009‐2016
Knowledge based ASEAN Community or SocietyAchieve Universal Access to Primary Education across ASEAN by 2015Improve the quality and adaptability of education
Technical Skills, Vocational TrainingExchange Program
Review Scholarship ProgramUse ICT to promote life long Learning including E‐Learning
E‐LearningInternet UsingPromote early use of ICT at primary SchoolDevelop ICT Expertise Centre
Promote Education Network at all levelsASEAN University Network (26 members)‐2010‐2011 reportASEAN Youth Development ProgramEstablish Science and technology Centre‐ResearchASEAN Development and Education Forum
Youth Entrepreneurship ForumYouth Leadership Forum
Special Events on ASEAN EDUCATIONJoint Statement‐28th Jan 2010, Cebu, Phillipine
Date Events
24 Oct 2009, Thai Hua Hin Declaration on Education Cooperation
24 Oct 2009, Thai 15th Summit, Thailand
28 Jan 2010, Phill 5th ASED‐ASEAN Ministers Meeting
28 Jan 2010 Phill 45th SEAMEO Council Conference
Early 2011 Five Year Work‐Plan
2009‐2015 ASEAN Roadmap to ASEAN Community 2015
18‐19 Mar 2010, BBK Adhoc Technical Working Group Meeting on Education
ASEAN Credit Transfer System (ACTS) in AUN Member Universities this year.
2010, Indonesia 4th ASEAN Primary School Sport Olympiad (APSSO) in 2010.
August 2011 10th ASEAN Exchange Programme
31st Jan ‐3rd Feb 2011 46th SEAMEO Council Conference in Indonesia
2012
2012
2012
ASEAN UNIVERSITY NETWORK_AUN
1995 1999 2012Founders: 13 Universities
ASEAN Charter 26 Members
Cambodia1. Royal University
of Phnom Penh2. Royal University
of Law and Economic
Board of Trustee (one from each Country members)Secretary GeneralSecretariat of AUNOffice, BBK, ChualarlongkhanDialogue Partners (Canada, USA, China, Australia, India, Japan, New eland, UNDP, Russia, ASEAN Sub‐committe who in charge of AUN
Results to date
Knowledge based ASEAN Community or SocietyHua Hin declaration to achieve Education in region (15th
Summit 24 Oct 2009Five Year work plan on Education (2011‐2015) in early 2011SEAMEO‐Southeast Asian Ministers of Education OrganizationToward the development of Common Curriculum Framework
on ASEAN Education at primary and Secondary School10th ASEAN Student Exchange Program in BBK, 10 Dec 2010)2nd ASEAN School Linkage Program (June 2009, KLL)University Student Level Forum (13‐19 Nov 2009, Japan), 118
Students, 30 UniversitiesUniversity Networks (26 Leading Universities)‐ASEAN Credit
Transfer System ASEAN Entrepreneurship Skills ForumsASEAN Youth Leadership Forum
Educational Standard
Necessary capacity and Skills ASEAN knowledge, Information and Good Attitude to Public
Free Trade Policy in Education
Educational Mutual Recognition All Professional Area
ASEAN Education Declaration
Hua Hin Declaration, 24th Oct 2009, 15th ASEAN Summit
Declaration in to action‐Readiness for ASEAN Community 2015
Learn from Good Practices in EU such as Mutual Recognition Process and Student Mobility Programme
Education is a cross cutting issues in the three pillars of ASEAN Community
ASEAN Community 2015
EDUCATION-FUTURE EMPLOYMENT
Degree Program in the region
Graduate
Professional Skills
Inter Cultural Skills
English
RECOMMENDATIONS
ASEAN Standard Education and Enforcement MechanismsFeedback Mechanisms for Cambodia Youth and
General PopulationAwareness raising on ASEAN Education and DevelopmentStandard Curriculum at Primary, Secondary School, University
and Non Formal Education for Youth OUT OF SCHOOL Scholarship program for CLMV Education Project Funds for CLMVEducation Accreditation SystemEducation Reform
English Language at primary and Secondary SchoolInter cultural Skills TrainingProfessional Skills Training
7) ASEAN & Employment
234,181,000
94,013,000
86,930,000
67,312,000
60,163,000
28,909,000
15,269,000 6,230,0005,077,000
415,000
Total Pop in 2010
Indonesia
Philippines
Viet Nam
Thailand
Mayanmar
Malaysia
Cambodia
Lao
Singapore
Brunei
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
Source: ILO Report 2011
5.60%
6.30%6.20%
5.20%
5.40%
5.60%
5.80%
6.00%
6.20%
6.40%
2007 2009 2010
Global Unemployment Rate
11.60%
12.80%12.60%
11.00%
11.50%
12.00%
12.50%
13.00%
2007 2009 2010
Global Youth Employment Rate
Source: ILO Report 2011
61.70
61.2061.10
60.80
61.00
61.20
61.40
61.60
61.80
2007 2009 2010
Global Employment Ratio
Global Vulnerable Employment Rate is 50.1%The share of workers living with families below 2US$ a day‐poverty is
estimated at around 39%Global Poverty Rate is 20.7%Asia Unemployment rate is 5.1% and Vulnerable Employment rate us 78.5%
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
5.00%
6.00%
7.00%
8.00% 7.20%6.56%
4.90%
3.70%3.00%
2.50%2.90%
1.90% 1.68%1.20%
ASEAN Country Unemployment Rate‐2008‐2011
Source: World Fact Book, CIA, 2011
Working age Pop15-64
8,864,000-66%
In the Labor Force
7,480,000-56%
Employed
7,469,000 -55%Unemployed
11,000
Not in the labor force
1,384,000
CSES 2009, MoP
Employed : All persons who worked at least one hour during the reference period, the past seven days, or had a job/economic activity from which they were temporary absent are employed. Unpaid family workers are included in employed.
49.20%
26.90%
23.50%
0.10%
Main Occupation
Self Employed
Paid Employed
Unpaid family workers
Other
Cambodia Employment Status
Cambodia Total Household :2,841,897
Cambodia Employment Status
ASEAN Employment rate ‐1.0‐7.9%Cambodia Unemployment Rate is 1.68% (Census 2008)
Primary ( Agriculture): 72.3%Secondary (Industry): 8.5%Tertiary (Service): 19.2%
% of Migrant : 26.5% ( Census)Income ( CSES 2009)
Self Employment :70%Wage and Salary: 27%Transfer Service: 2%Other :1%
Expenditure (CESE 2009)Food: 49%Housing, Water, Electricity, Fuel: 19%Health : 10%
92
8.8ASEAN and World Population
A…
Sample of Cambodian Employment through SME, Economic Census 2011
Core Indicators Findings 2011 # of Establishments(182,439 New establishments), Street business: 43,653)
505,134
Cambodia Owners 98.9%1 person engaged (%) 44%
2 persons engaged (%) 34.9%5 persons engaged and over 39,53710 persons engaged and over 13,170
100 persons engaged and over 7871000 persons engaged and over 119
Total # of person engaged 1,676,263Male 650,179
Female (56.1%) 1,026,084Tenure of business plan (owned) 68.9%Tenure of business plan (Rented) 24%
Sample of Mining and Economic Land Concession as of 2011, World Fact book, CIA
Core Indicators Status
Cambodia Total Surface Areas 17,650,913Mining and Economic Land Concession (22%) 3,936,481 Mining Concession 1,900,311Economic Land Concession 2,035,170
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000 16,543
14,800
5,365 5,273
1,719 1,367 1,193 991136
ASEAN estimated GDP 2010 compared other countries (US$ B)
Source: ASEAN Community in figures 2010
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000546,865
264,323
193,108182,702161,358
96,317
24,973 10,759 10,359 5,579
GDP at current market Prices (US$ mn)
Source: ASEAN Community in figures 2010
43,929
28,830
8,262
4,735
3,0232,0141,238
1,040
830
592
Singapore
Brunei
Malaysia
Thailand
Indonesia
Philippines
Viet Nam
Lao
Cambodia
Mayanmar
GDP Per Capita (US$)
Source: ASEAN Statistic 2011
RecommendationsEliminate the informal payment for Investors , Entrepreneur and
all businessman National Employment Policy and Research/M&E SystemReview mining and Economic Land Concession for Employment
ConditionsSME Support Policy and Exemption SystemManage MFI with full packages‐Technical Skills, Marketing Skills
and Financial Management SkillsIncreased salary and benefits for Public OfficialsDevelop and Enforcement Minimum Wage Policy Civil Servants
Factory WorkersHotel, Restaurant WorkersDomestic Workers Construction WorkersOthers
8) ASEAN & Human Rights Declaration
Background of ASEAN Human Right Body
1. World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna, Austria June 1993171 Countries and all ASEAN state members Vienna Declaration‐framework for the promotion and protection of Human Rights ASEAN's commitment to and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms as set out in the Vienna
2. ASEAN CharterArticle 14: In conformity with the purposes and principles of the
ASEAN Charter related to the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms , ASEAN shall establish an Human Right Body.This ASEAN Human Rights Body shall operate in accordance with
terms of reference to be determined by the ASEAN Foreign Ministers Meeting
9) ASEAN 2012
PHNOM PENH AGENDATIMELINE KEY STANDPOINTS
3 April 2012
1) ASEAN Charter as Rule Based Organization2) Roadmap 2009‐2015 toward realization of ASEAN
Community 20153) DoC 2002 and CoC initiative 2012 ( DoC : Declaration on
conducts of parties)4) Conclusion of ASEAN Human Rights Declaration5) ASEAN Economic Research Institute6) Effective implementation of Master Plan on ASEAN
Connectivity 7) Implementation of ASEAN Declaration on the promotion
and protection of the rights of migrant workers in the region8) ASEAN agreement on disaster mgt and Emergency Response 9) ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of
the rights of women and children
PHNOM PENH DECLARATIONTIMELINE Key Notes
3 April 2012
1) People centred, People oriented and Rule based Organization
2) DoC, CoC based on International Law and 1982 UN convention on the law of the sea
3) ASEAN Human Rights Body and HR Declaration4) ASEAN Common Visa for Non ASEAN Nationals5) Social Welfare and skills program development for elderly, disable people, youth, women, children, vulnerable and disadvantaged group
6. Others indicated in Phnom Penh Agendas
ExecutiveBody
LegislativeBody
Civil SocietyYouth
Private Sector
RECOMMENDATIONS
Amend ASEAN Constitution and Charter toward High International Standard of Democracy and Human Rights-UN Human Rights Declaration
ASEAN Strategic Plan, Blueprint with core indicators and measurement in transparent and accountable ways ( Target for achievement in 2015-2020.
Fair and Transparent ASEAN Human Rights Body-ASEAN Declaration on Human Rights
ASEAN Civil Society BodyObligation in ratification on the promotion and protection of
all migrant workers and their familiesASEAN Common Policy and Guideline based on UN
Conventions-CEDAW, Child Rights, Migrant Workers…ASEAN Military Alliances as model of NATOASEAN Permanent Precedent
RepresentationPromotionLaw EnforcementForeign Policy
Bibliographies
ASEAN, 2011, ASEAN statistic Leaflet, selected core indicators, ASEAN Foreign Investment Statistic, Database as of 6 July 2011; Country Submission
Ministry of Planning and Ministry of Health , Royal Government of Cambodia, 2010, Cambodia Health Demographic Survey, www.moh.gov.kh
Ministry of Planning. Royal Government of Cambodia, 2009, Cambodia Socio Economic Survey, www.mop.gov.kh, www.nis.gov.kh , www.db.ncdd.gov.kh
Ministry of Planning, RGC, 2008, Cambodia Demographic Census 2008Ministry of Planning, RGC, 2011 Cambodia Economic Census , March 2011ASEAN 2010, ASEAN Community in figures 2010Google Analysis and ReportsASEAN Phnom Penh Agenda, 2012 ASEAN Phnom Penh Declaration, 2012
