1 ATM Principle

7/17/2019 1 ATM Principle

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Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

ORE002101 ATM Princile

!""#E 1.0


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2 Internal Use

ReferencesReferences

!T#$T (http://www.itu.int/)

ATM %oru& (http://www.atmforum.com/)

!ET% (http://www.ietf.org/)


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3 Internal Use

O'(ectivesO'(ectives

Upon completion this course, you will be

able to:

#nderstand the ATM cells )escri'e the ATM connection and

switching

*now the service t+es of ATM

#nderstand the features of a ATM

networ,.


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4 Internal Use

Chapter 1 ATM OverviewChapter 1 ATM Overview

Chater 2 -asic of ATMChater 2 -asic of ATM

Chater ATM %eaturesChater ATM %eatures

Chater / ATM Protocol "tac,sChater / ATM Protocol "tac,s

Chater ATM "ervicesChater ATM "ervices


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Internal Use

!Asynchronous Transfer Mo"e

!#eploy fi$e"%length cell for transmission

!&ro'i"es a high%spee" an" low "elay networ

!upport all types of traffic

hat is ATMhat is ATM


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* Internal Use

ATM3!esta'lish a 4CC rior to trans&ission

!fi5ed$length cell 6/7 '+tes data 8 '+tes header9

!faster switching caa'ilit+ with least errors and :ualit+ assura

The differences 'etween ATM and otherThe differences 'etween ATM and other

technologiestechnologies

Circuit "witched ;etwor, Pac,et "witched ;etwor,

+onnection%oriente"/reliablecommunication

+onnectionless/unreliablecommunication

#e"icate" circuit path &ath is 'aries an" "epen"s on

a'ailability, an" lin con"itions

ess o'erhea" -ore control information reuire"in the hea"er


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)etup

)etup

)etup

)etup

Connectionless Connection$oriented

Connectionless < Connection$Oriented ;etwor,Connectionless < Connection$Oriented ;etwor,


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Chater 1 ATM OverviewChater 1 ATM Overview

Chapter 2 Basic of ATMChapter 2 Basic of ATM





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=%C3 =eneric flow control

PT3 Pa+load t+e

C>P3Cell lose riorit+

HEC3Header error control

4P!3 4irtual ath identifier

4C!34irtual channel

identifier

ATM#;! cells ATM ;;!cells

/7'+te a+load

=%C

6/9

4P!

6/9

4C!

679

PT 69 C>P 619

HEC 679

4C! 6/9

4C!

6/9

4P!

6/9

/7 '+te a+load

4P!

679

4C!

679

PT 69 C>P 619

HEC 679

4C! 6/9

4C!6/9

4P!6/9

ATM CellsATM Cells


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ATM 4irtual Channel Connection

4P4CC 4C

4irtual Channel

E

OC$

OC$12

4irtual Path

The la'el of virtual connection is ?4P!@4C!

4irtual Path

4irtual Channel

4CCB 4P and 4C4CCB 4P and 4C


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4C! 1 4C! 2 4C! 4C! /

4P! 24P! 4P! 1

4P! 2

4P!

4P!

4P! 1

4P! /

Port 1

Port 2

Port

4C! 1

4C! 2

4C! 1

4C! 2

4P switching

4C switching

4C!

4C! /

4C! 1

4C! 2

4P "witching < 4C "witching4P "witching < 4C "witching


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ATM switching

PH

AT

M

Port

PH

ATM

Port /

Port 4P! 4C!

1 1

/ D

ATM la+er

ATM switching

PH

ATM

Port 1

P

H

A

TM

Port 2

Port 4P! 4C!

1 2

2 1 1

ATM la+er

PH

ATM

AA>

PH

ATM

AA>

4P! F 2

4C! F

4P! F 4C! F D

;;!

#;!

#;!

ATM "witchingATM "witching


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P4C 6Per&anent 4irtual Channel9

There is no signaling algorith& e&lo+ed 'etween two end nodes in

P4C. The 4C values of the two nodes 6or users9 are defined

&anuall+. The end$to$end route throughout the networ, is defined

too. !f a device along the ath failsB the P4C will 'e deactivated.

"4C 6"witched 4irtual Channel9

"4C is esta'lished according to the #;! signaling &ethod. A "4C is

a connection which initiated '+ the user. !f an inter&ediate device in

the ath failsB the "4C will re$esta'lish the ath fro& other route.

ATM ConnectionsATM Connections


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Chapter 3 ATM FeaturesChapter 3 ATM Features




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Cells

4oice

)ata

4ideo

Connection$oriented

High$seed switching

"tatistical &ultile5er "uorts voiceB data and video services

Provides Go"

%eatures of ATM%eatures of ATM


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Contract

Contract

ATM networ,

Contracts

Traffic ara&eters

Go" ara&eters

The Traffic MaintenanceThe Traffic Maintenance


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Chapter 4 ATM Protocol StacksChapter 4 ATM Protocol Stacks



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Convergence

"eg&entation and Reasse&'l+

!Cell &ultile5ing@de&ultile5ing

!Cell header generation@e5traction

The %unctional >a+ersThe %unctional >a+ers

Ph+sical

ATM >a+er6 '+tes9

AA> 6/7 '+tes9

TC6Trans&ission

Convergence9

PM6Ph+sical

Mediu&9

C"

"AR

!Cell rate decouling!Trans&ission fra&e adatation@generation@recover+

!HEC se:uence generation and correction

!-it ti&ing!Ph+sical &ediu&


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Internal Use

voice@video@data@icture

AA>8ATM

ATM cell

cell

cell

%ra&e

header

&ediu&

Trans&ission %ra&e

The Process of )ataThe Process of )ata


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Chapter 5 ATM ServicesChapter 5 ATM Services


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C-R3Constant -it Rate

rt$4-R3Real Ti&e 4aria'le -it Rate

nrt$4-R3;ot Real Ti&e 4aria'le -it Rate

A-R3Availa'le -it Rate

#-R3#nsecified -it Rate

ATM "ervice T+esATM "ervice T+es


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cost

Go"Traffic ara&eter

low high

Tolerance

1 '+te

'+te cell header

/ '+te a+load

Cell dela+ and cell dela+ variationCell loss

PCR6Pea, Cell Rate9

4oice and video

C-RC-R



Go"Traffic ara&eter

>O H!=H

Tolerance

Cell lose6;RT9Cell lose 6RT9

PCR6Pea, Cell Rate9

"CR6"ustaina'le Cell Rate9

M-"6Ma5i&u& -urst "ie9

4oice and video

4-R4-R



A;

Go"Traffic ara&eter

low high

;ot Alica'le

Tolerance

Cell loseCell rela+ variation

#-R#-R


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>A;

Overhead

! ;o cell

overhead

! #sescongestionfeed'ac,instead

-+te

Header

/7 -+te

Pa+load

Go"Traffic ara&eter

low highPCR

6Pea, Cell Rate9

MCR6Mini&u& Cell Rate9

Tolerance

Cell lossCell dela+ variation

A-RA-R


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Chapter 5 ATM ServicesChapter 5 ATM ServicesChater I ;etwor, !nterfaceChater I ;etwor, !nterface


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Token

Ring

#;!

-$!C!

#;!

;;!

;;!

;;!

ATM u'lic

networ,

ATM rivate

networ,

ATM ;etwor, and !nterfaceATM ;etwor, and !nterface


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20 Internal Use

!MA Mode!MA Mode

PH

!MA =rou

PH

PH

PH

!MA =rou

PH

PH

Ph+sical >in, J1

Ph+sical >in, J0

Ph+sical >in, J2

4irtual ATM >in,

!f A'is interface is connected with several E1 ca'lesB !MA &ode will

'e adoted to transfer ATM cells. !n this wa+B cells of high seed ATMlin, could 'e transferred on several low seed h+sical lin,s.

ATM >a+er ATM >a+er


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1. hatKs the function of each '+te in the ATM cell header

2. How does the ATM switch i&le&ent the ATM switching

. hich services are AA>1 and AA> used resectivel+ to adat

/. hich data ac,ets do R%C1/7- and R%C1/7R resectivel+

encasulate

. hich alications do C-R and #-R resectivel+ suort

G#E"T!O;"G#E"T!O;"


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1 ATM Principle