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Cell Membrane controls Cell Membrane controls HomeostasisHomeostasis

• It balances the ______________________ and _________ of the cell.

• ___________ is maintained by plasma membrane controlling what _______ and _________ the cell

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1.__________1.__________ 2.________2.________ 3._________

4.________________

Membrane ComponentsMembrane Components

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LABEL THE STRUCTURES

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PhospholipidsPhospholipidsMake up the cell

membrane

Contains ____ fatty acid chains called the _____Contains _____ glycerol called the _____.

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Heads are ______________________ “water loving”

Tails are ______________________ “water fearing”

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Makes membrane “_______” in what crosses

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Cell MembraneCell Membrane__________ molecules pass ______; hydrophilic _________

The cell membrane is made of 2 layers of ______________________________ called the ________ ___________

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________ molecules and _________ hydrophobic molecules move through easily.e.g. ______, ______, _______

Semipermeable Semipermeable MembraneMembrane

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______, _________ molecules larger than water, and large molecules such as _______ do not move through the membrane on their own.

Semipermeable Semipermeable MembraneMembrane

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Simple DiffusionSimple Diffusion

•Requires _____ _____ ________.________.

•Molecules move from area of __________________________ concentration

Diffusion• Two things

need to happen in a cell in order for diffusion to occur… what are they?

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1. Cell membrane must be _______ to that substance.

2. There must be a ___________ ________ (needs to be higher in one area and move to lower area)

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DIFFUSIONDIFFUSION

Diffusion is a ________________________ process which means no energy is used to make the molecules move, they have a _________ ENERGY

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Diffusion of LiquidsDiffusion of Liquids

Sugar Cube Diffusion

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Diffusion through a Diffusion through a MembraneMembrane

Cell membrane

Solute moves ________ concentration gradient (__________ to __________)

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OsmosisOsmosis• Diffusion of Diffusion of ______________________ across a across a

membranemembrane

• Moves from Moves from ______ water ______ water potentialpotential (low solute) to (low solute) to _____ _____ water potentialwater potential (high solute) (high solute)

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Diffusion of HDiffusion of H22O Across A O Across A Membrane (Osmosis)Membrane (Osmosis)

1. The left side concentration is what?

2.The right side concentration is what?

So which way does water move?

3 Types of Osmosis:

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1._____________: the solute and water concentration is the same inside the cell as it is outside the cell

2.___________: Higher concentration outside the cell than inside the cell.

3.___________: Higher concentration inside the cell than outside the cell.

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Cell in Isotonic SolutionCell in Isotonic SolutionWhat is the direction of water movement?

The cell is in _______________.

CELLCELL

10% NaCL90% H2O

10% NaCL

90% H2O

ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

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Cell in Hypotonic Cell in Hypotonic SolutionSolution

What is the direction of water movement?

CELLCELL

10% NaCL90% H2O

20% NaCL80% H2O

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Cell in Hypertonic Cell in Hypertonic SolutionSolution

What is the direction of water movement?

CELLCELL

15% NaCL85% H2O

5% NaCL95% H2O

ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

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Cells in SolutionsCells in Solutions

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Isotonic Solution Hypotonic Solution

Hypertonic Solution

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What will happen?What will happen?

How does this relate to Anatomy?

• Discuss at your table this question and appoint someone to share your answer:

•What would happen to your blood cells if the fluid surrounding them had too much salt?

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What Happens to Blood Cells?

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Osmosis in Red Blood Osmosis in Red Blood CellsCells

______________ _______ ________

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3 Types of Transport:

1. _______ ________ (also includes osmosis)

2. _________ Diffusion3. __________ ________

Passive Transport vs. Active Transport

• Passive means:

• Active means:

•Which type(s) are passive?

•Which type(s) are active?

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Three Forms of Transport Across the MembraneThree Forms of Transport Across the Membrane

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Passive Passive TransportTransport

Facilitated diffusion

_______ require energy

Uses _______ ______ to move _____ to _____ concentrationExamplesExamples: : ____________ oror ____________________ moving from moving from blood into a cell.blood into a cell.

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2 Types of Transport 2 Types of Transport ProteinsProteins

• In Facilitated Diffusion- the molecules are _________ and need “______” or to be facilitated across.

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Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion

copyright cmassengale

1. _____________ are embedded in the cell membrane & have a pore for materials to cross

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Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion

• They bond and They bond and drag molecules drag molecules through the through the lipid bilayer and lipid bilayer and release them on release them on the opposite the opposite side.side.

2._____________ can change shape to move material from one side of the membrane to the other

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Active TransportActive TransportRequires ________ or ______.

Moves materials from _______ to ________ concentration

_____________ concentration gradient

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Active transportActive transportExamples: Any Ions:

Pumping _____ (sodium ions) out and _____ (potassium ions) in.

This happens in your Nervous System!

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Moving the “Big Moving the “Big Stuff”Stuff”_________ molecules move materials into the _________ molecules move materials into the

cell by one of TWO forms ofcell by one of TWO forms of ________________________________.

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____________________________

Sometimes called “______ ________”Sometimes called “______ ________”

Takes in Takes in dissolveddissolved molecules as a molecules as a vesiclevesicle.

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PinocytosisPinocytosis• Called cell Called cell

drinking drinking because once in because once in the cell the cell materials materials dissolve in dissolve in waterwater to be to be used by the cellused by the cell

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Endocytosis – ___________Endocytosis – ___________ Used to Used to engulf engulf large particleslarge particles such such as as ____________, , __________________, etc. into , etc. into vesiclesvesiclesCalled Called “_________“_________ __________”__________”

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Moving the “Big Stuff”Moving the “Big Stuff”Molecules are Molecules are moved outmoved out of the cell by of the cell by vesiclesvesicles that that fusefuse with the plasma with the plasma membrane.membrane.

ExocytosisExocytosis

This is how many This is how many __________________ are secreted and are secreted and how how ________________________ communicate with one communicate with one anotheranother.