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CSS/417
Introduction to Database Management Systems
Workshop 1Workshop 1
2
Access 2000
Session 1Introduction to Databases and Access 2000
3
Database Terminology - p. 2
Database - repository in which tables, reports, queries, and other objects are stored
Table - storage entity for a databaseRecord - contains related information about an
entity (single transaction)
Field - contains a fact about an entityRelational database - allows you to link records
from two or more tables based on the contents of a common field
4
Database Terminology (cont.)
Key - used to order, identify, and retrieve record in the database
Primary key - unique identifier for a particular record
Secondary key - allows multiple occurrences of the same value
Table structure - set of instructions regarding the arrangement of information within a record, the type of characters, field length, and any limitation you want to impose on the data to be entered
5
Database Terminology (cont.)
Form - paper-like method of accessing and entering data in a table
Query - provides the ability to answer a question about the data in a table(s)
Reports - provides the ability to arrange table data as well as to perform calculations and then print a paper-based report
6
Determining Outputs
An integral part in building a database. The desired outputs must be determined before the database is built Allows you to determine the type of data to
be stored in the database Allows you to determine the data
transformations (calculations and so forth) that have to be executed against the data
7
Designing Fields - p. 3
Design the structure with an eye for future use
Each field should contain the smallest piece of data as possible
Two or more data elements should not share a field
Well-designed fields provide flexibility when you are creating secondary keys
8
Access 2000 Modes - p. 5
Menu-driven interface - allows you to interact with a database and its objects using menu commands
Program mode - lets you store instructions in a Visual Basic program file and execute them by executing the program
This book concentrates on the menu interface
9
Creating a Database
Ways to create a database Create a blank database and then insert
your own objects Create a database using an Access
template or WizardSwitchboard - provides easy access to a
number of different database features
Use the database that accompanies the text for assigned exercises
10
Interacting with Access
Access WindowToolbarsContext MenusDatabase window
Objects bar Tabs - provide access to database
objectsStatus bar
11
Creating a Table Structure - p. 12
Naming a Table Up to 64 characters can be used (letters,
numbers, spaces, and special characters, except the period (.))
Do not use an extension No leading spaces or control characters
Define Field Types - p. 13Set Field Properties in Field Properties box
Includes such things as field length, default values, field checks and so forth
12
Adding Records to Table - p. 19
Datasheet window - used to display the contents of a table Each row contains a record Each column contains a record field
Speedbar - appears at the bottom of the window and is used to navigate through the records in a table
13
Entering Data in a Table - p. 20
Records are entered in the Datasheet window Press the Enter key after entering data in
a field to progress to the next field When the last field of a record is finished,
pressing Enter adds a blank record Table 1.5 contains various commands
Arrow keys can be used to move from one record or field to another
14
Editing Records - p. 25
Table 1.6 shows the various commands used to edit records in a table
Memo fields are accessed using the Zoom (Shift +F2) command
Crude reports can be generated using the Print button
15
Printing
Access allows you to create “quick and dirty” reports by clicking the Print toolbar button A row/column presentation is used Field names appear along the top Records are rows Fields are columns A grid is printed around each field
16
Access 2000
Session 2Manipulating and Sorting Tables
17
Deleting and Restoring Grid Lines
Gridlines - automatically included around each field
Controlled by the Cells Effects dialog box
Accessed via the Format, Cells command sequence
18
Changing Field Display Width
Format, Column Width command sequence
Dragging - drag right margin of field name cell
Pointing - clicking field name selects the entire column
When exiting the datasheet, Access prompts you about saving any changes (Figure 2.8)
19
Moving a Field - p. 44
Select a field by clicking the column title cell
Use a drag operation to move the selected field
A square appears next to the mouse pointer
Position at the desired location
20
Hiding a Field - p. 45
Select the field(s)Use the Format, Hide Column
command sequenceYou can also use the context menu
21
Locking a Field - p. 47
Freeze identifying fields on the datasheet
Use the Format, Freeze Columns command sequence
A black line appears to the right of the frozen fields
Frozen fields now stay on the screen as you pan across the fields of a record
22
Record Pointer - p. 49
Record pointer (thick black arrow head) helps you keep track of where you are with a table
The character is used in the left-hand table cells to indicate the pointer location
The pointer moves by using keyboard, scrollbar, or speedbar commands
23
Find Command - p. 53
Activation - use the Edit, Find command sequence or click the Find toolbar button (Timely Tip top of p. 53)
Either command activates the Find in field dialog box
Search feature WildcardsSubsequent searches - Timely Tip
bottom of p. 54
24
One Field Sort - p. 56
Can be accomplished using the Sort Ascending or Sort Descending toolbar buttons
Select the field to be used in the sortClick the desired sort button
25
Multiple Field Sort - p. 58
Filter - process used to process or rearrange data in a table
Use the records, Filter, Advanced Filter/Sort command sequence
Activates the filter windowSpecify the fields and sort orderExecute by clicking the Apply
Filter/Sort button of the toolbar
26
Display Selected Records - p. 63
Use the filter to display records that meet certain criteria
Enter criteria in the filter cellsExecute by clicking the Apply
Filter/Sort button of the toolbar Filter By Form Filter By Selection