1

Current Status of Japanese

Manufacturing Industry

Reinosuke Hara

2

GDP Growth

　 Brazil

China

India

Japan

USA Germany

France

2005

8822,24

4781

4,561

12,434

2,7962,13

8

2020

1,870

11,716

2,970

4,978

18,269

3,2392,64

6

2050

4,979

38,010

9,407

6,105

37,748

4,4744,21

6

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

($billion)

3

GDP Growth

＄ trillion

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

China

USA

India

Japan

4

Ranking in Competitive StrengthInternational Institute for Management Development

１９９３

２００７

Ｊａｐａｎ

Ｎｏ．１

Ｎｏ．２４

ＵＳＡ Ｎｏ．１

Ｎｏ．１

Ｃｈｉｎａ

Ｎｏ．２７

Ｎｏ．１８

5

Global Share

1985 　 2005

EU 　　　 33% 　　　　　　　 23%

USA 　　 27% 　　　　　　　 28%

Japan 　 22% 　　　　　　 17%

China 　　 3% 　　　　　　 15%

6

Global Share of Manufacturing Industry

EU

Japan

China

USA

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

7

Share of Exports

1985 　 2005

EU 　　　 22% 　　　　　　 13%

USA 　　 13% 　　　　　　 10%

Japan 　 12% 　　　　　　　 8%

China 　　 5% 　　　　　　 13%

8

Share of Export - Manufacturing Industry

EU

Japan

China

USA

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

9

R&D Expense

　 USA \42.8

EU(27)

\31.0

　 Japan \18.5　

China\17.9

Germany \8.3

France

\6.3

　 Korea \4.6 　 UK \4.5　 Russia \2.3 　 India \1.9

Japan 1 USA 2.3 Germany 0.45

France 0.3 EU 1.6 UK 0.25

2006 ( ￥ trillion)

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

10

R&D Expenses

USA

EU-27

EU-15

Japan

China

Germany

France

Korea

UK

Russia

India

￥ trillion

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

11

R&D Expense vs GDP

Ｎｏ．１ Ｊａｐａｎ

３．６１％

Ｎｏ．２ Ｋｏｒｅａ

３．２３％

Ｎｏ．３ ＵＳＡ ２．６２％

Ｎｏ．４ Ｇｅｒｍａｎｙ

２．３０％

Ｎｏ．５ Ｆｒａｎｃｅ

２．００％

Ｎｏ．６ ＥＵ（１５）

１．９１％

Ｎｏ．７ Ｃｈｉｎａ

１．４３％

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

12

R&D Expense VS GDP

Japan

Korea

EU-15

EU-27

UK

China

Russia

India

USA

Germany

France

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

13

R&D Expense – Government Subsidies

Ｊａｐａｎ

￥　３．５ １８．５％

ＵＳＡ ￥１７．１ ４２．８％ ＥＵ（２７）

￥１２．１ ３１．０％

Ｃｈｉｎａ

￥１０．１ １７．９％

( ￥ trillion)

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

14

Government Subsidies￥ trillion

USA

EU-27

China

EU-15

FranceJapan

GermanyUKKoreaRussiaIndia

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

15

Number of ResearchersUnit 10,000

USA

EU-27

China

EU-15

Japan

Germany

France

Korea

UK

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

16

Number of Students from China

Unit10,000

Number of Students from China

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

17

Strategy１． Promotion of Basic Sciences

２． Promotion of Specific Projects　　　 2-1 Life Sciences 2-2 Information/telecommunication Electronic tag 2-3 Environment Filters Biomass 2-4 Nano-technology Nanomaterials 2-5 Energies Breeder reactor Alternative energy sources - solar energy, fuel cell 2-6 Production technology 2-7 Social infrastructure Safety 2-8 Frontier field Space development

18

Creation of Innovative Researchers

Cooperative research

Projects among universities,

　 government research institutions and

　 industryTechnology Licensing

Organization (TLO) 46 TLOsHigh-tech clusters

19

Features1. Wide coverage From materials industry to assembling industry2. Close cooperation Supplier/customer tie-up3. High-level ability Ability for problem solving4. Multiple skill Skill to cover R&D, design and production5. Royalty Strong royalty feeling to organization

20

Sectors in Manufacturing Industry

Recycling

Finished products(Assembling)

Parts/Components

Materials

Basic SciencesMachine tool/Production equipmentEnvironment/energy savingSoftware/IT

21

Pharmaceuticals

￥ billion

1,600

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0

Export Import

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

22

Software

￥ billion

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0Export Import

2008 White Paper Science and Technology

23

Comparison

USA 　EU 　　　　

Japan

Systemic technology

Aircraft industry

Systematic technology

KAIZEN 　　 (Step-by-step 　

improvement)

Automobile industry

24

Japanese Products in Global Market

Materials/Components

Carbon fiberToray Mitsubishi RayonSuper-conductiving cableSumitomo ElectricCarbon nano-tube?

25

Machine Tools/Production Equipment

Solar energy

Semiconductor

Instant noodle

Thin filmULVAC

Ion beamSII NanoTech

AutomationFuji Mfg

26

Smallest Wine Glass

Diameter: 2.75 m, Height: 12 m

27

Smallest Wine Glass

赤血球

Φ8.5μm

Φ2.75μm

世界最小ワイングラス

Red blood cell

28

Customer/Manufacturers Cooperation

Damaged automobile main shaftManufacturer of shaftSteel manufacturerX-ray analysis – broken shaftSII NanoTechnology

29

Fluorescence X-ray

X-ray　 X-rayFluorescence X-ray Element A&B

30

Cadmium

Cd-K

Cd-K

31

Instrument

32

Fabrication Process

Hot press

Impurities not distribute evenlyCondensation of impuritiesIn-line analysis of impurities

33

In-line inspection of steel

SFT200

Measurement of Cobalt and Manganese in steel

34

Trumpet

Vienna PhilharmonicMild/soft soundBrass-Copper/Zinc alloyIron, manganese, etc

35

Trumpet

Brass-Copper/Zinc alloy

High purity brass – Copper/zinc ratio

Sharp/clear sound Copper 70%

Zinc 30%

36

Verdi Aida

Karajan – Vienna Philharmonic R. Tebaldi 1959 Traditional trumpet

M. Freni 1979 High-purity brass Yamaha trumpet

37

Art Products

Paintings

Antique

Chemical composition

of pigment

Element analysis

Age determination

38

Summary

Research and development ← Enough funding

Commercialization 　←　 Lack of financing

New business

Valley of death