1

Division of Juvenile CorrectionsWI Dept of Corrections

Silvia Jackson, Assistant Administrator

July 10, 2008

Legislative Council Special Committee on High-Risk Juvenile Offenders

2

Overview of the Division of Juvenile Corrections (DJC) DJC Institutions and Community Programs Staffing and Budget Information Commitment Data for Calendar Year 2007 Program Participation and Outcome Data Serious Juvenile Offender Disposition and

Data – Shelley Hagan

3

Introduction to DJC

Since 1996, DJC has been a division of the state Department of Corrections.

Other DOC divisions are Adult Institutions, Community Corrections and Management Services.

Administrative offices are in Madison, but the vast majority of staff are located at the institutions and field offices we operate.

4

Juvenile Correctional Facilities Total SFY 08 ADP: 586 Five juvenile correctional facilities:

Ethan Allen School, Wales (276 ADP) Lincoln Hills School, Irma (222 ADP) Southern Oaks Girls School, Union Grove

(54 ADP) SPRITE, Oregon (5.1 ADP) Mendota Juvenile Treatment Center,

Madison (operated by DHS) (29 ADP)

5

Community Supervision Post-release supervision: SFY08 ADP of 242

Aftercare (juvenile parole) May be provided by state or county. Currently DJC provides aftercare in 22 counties

Corrective Sanctions Intensive program of services and surveillance using

electronic monitoring 26 Counties participated in CY 2007 $2.4 million Funding available to offset costs to

participating counties Serious Juvenile Offender

By law, must be provided by state Need capacity to provide in 72 counties

Interstate Compact on Juveniles

6

Division Employees

FTE Positions in Juvenile Corrections 7-1-08

611.85

57.8027.55

Juvenile Corr Fac'sField OfficesCentral Office

7

Cost Saving Measures

As youth population has declined, so has the number of DJC staff Closed housing units at EAS, LHS, SOGS and

MJTC.

YLTC Facility Closed

Between SFY 2000 and SFY 2006, DJC eliminated 37% of its staff positions, or 357 FTE, going from 969 FTE to 612.

During the same time, youth ADP dropped 36%, from 933 in SFY 2000 to 594 in SFY 2006.

8

Cost of Salary and Benefits In SFY 2007, salary and fringe benefits cost DJC

$47.4 million 81% of $58.5 million operating budget

Staff-related costs are affected by many factors, including: negotiated pay plan increases state health insurance contracts retirement contributions

Current fringe benefit costs are roughly 50% of salaries Up from 38% of salaries in SFY 2001

9

Institution Programs Case management

Assessment of Youth Risks, Needs and Strengths Individualized case plan with broad goals to be

accomplished Monitoring Youth Progress Transitional Services for Reentry Community Supervision Plan Balance youth accountability, services and

supervision Involve families in case management and

transition phase

10

Education Academic: including elementary, middle and high

school Vocational Programming: welding, small engines, food

service, desk top publishing, etc. Special education: Individualized Education Plans School is year-round Coursework is individualized LifeWork Education links learning and work Youth may begin HSED testing in JCI when they are 17 Education and training continues in community

11

Treatment Programs Strive to meet a broad range of youth

treatment needs, using research-based strategies when available. Major programs include: Cognitive Intervention Sex Offender Treatment Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Programs Aggression Replacement Therapy Mental Health Counseling Gender-Specific Services Restorative Justice

12

Cognitive Intervention Juvenile Cognitive Intervention Program

(JCIP) is is a research-based cognitive restructuring and skill building program designed to help youth change their anti-social thinking and criminal behavior. Phase I, Choices, looks at thinking cycles and helps

youth identify how they think and how their thinking has led them to criminal behavior.

Phase II, Changes, teaches youth a five-step problem solving process that will help them develop pro-social behaviors.

Phase III, Challenges, is designed as a series of self-paced lessons for youth in the community

13

AODA Youth with alcohol and other drug abuse

dependency make up a significant proportion of the JCI population Upon entering a JCI, 452 youth were screened for

possible AODA in CY 2007 Of these, 256 youth, or 56.6%, received a DSM

diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence when assessed

In 2001, the comparable figure was 37% to 40% 16 week AODA Program focusing on areas of Addiction/Abuse Cognitive Behavior Changes

Family Dynamics Relapse prevention for Healthy Living

14

Juvenile Sex Offenders Comprehensive Assessment at Reception Research Based Sex Offender Treatment Program

2 Components: ETS-J and CORE ETS-J : Cognitive behavioral restructuring CORE : Sexual offending behaviors

Ongoing risk and needs assessments Reentry and Community Supervision

Corrective Sanctions Program: Electronic monitoring Ongoing sex offender treatment OJJDP - High Risk Juvenile Sex Offender Reentry Grant

15

Restorative Justice

Principles of holding youth accountable and giving back to the community underlie numerous DJC programs Community service Victim awareness Restitution

16

Health Services

The JCI health services unit (HSU) provide comprehensive dental and health services.

Youth admitted to a JCI have many health problems as compared with their non-incarcerated peers. Unstable access to health care Harmful behaviors Poor self-care

17

Health Services (continued) Nurses provide daily health care for JCI youth.

Initial admission screening and exam, physical assessments

Emergency care Management of prescription medication and chronic

conditions Screening for sexually transmitted diseases Immunization clinics Health education

On-site medical and psychiatric services are provided by agreements with local physicians.

Local hospitals are utilized for emergency services.

18

Juvenile Corrections Funding DJC Rate Study (March 2007) DJC’s operating budget is primarily Program

Revenue Counties receive funding through Youth Aids

for delinquency-related services DOC charges counties Youth Aids allocations

for juvenile correctional services Remaining Youth Aids can be used for local

services

19

Juvenile Corrections Funding Youth Aids designed to

Minimize incentive for institution placement Develop community-based alternatives and

continuum of care Youth Aids increases to help counties

meet rising costs Serious Juvenile Offender services paid

directly by state

20

Daily Rates

Daily rates for each type of service = projected annual costs divided by the estimated average daily youth population during the same time period.

SFY 09 daily rates: JCI services -- $268.00, up from $259.00 per day last

year. RCC services -- $296.00, up from $277.00 in SFY 08

21

Daily Rate Comparison

$239 $244 $268$259

$209$203$187

$296$277

$234

$172$165$163$157$149

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

$350

SFY 05 SFY 06 SFY 07 SFY 08 SFY 09

JCI

RCC

GH

22

Commitments to Juvenile Corrections

23

Juvenile Commitment Data

“Commitment” is defined as a new admission of a youth to a JCI based on a

delinquency court order, or a new adjudication and correctional order for a

youth in a JCI Data on commitments by demographic

factors and county are in the next slides

24

Juvenile Commitment Comparisons

2003 Commitments

2004 Commitments

2005 Commitments

2006 Commitments

2007 Commitments

608 632 543 540 558

* Data presented is by calendar year

25

2007 Commitments by Type

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Juvenile

SJOA

SJOB

Tribal

Federal

2007 Total Commitments = 558 Juvenile = 498 or 89% SJOA = 0 or 0% SJOB = 55 or 10% Tribal = 1 or 0.3% Federal = 4 or 0.7%

26

2007 Commitments by Gender

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Male

Female

Male Commitments = 490 or 88% Female Commitments = 68 or 12%

27

2007 Commitments by Race

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Rac

e

Number of Youth

N. AmericanIndian

Asian

Black

White

Unknown

Black = 334 or 59.8% Asian = 7 or 1.3%

White = 191 or 34.2% Unknown = 2 or 0.3%

North American Indian = 24 or 4.3%

28

2007 Commitments by Age

0

100

200

300

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

11 = 012 = 3 or 0.5%13 = 19 or 3.4%14 = 79 or 14.2%

15 = 146 or 26.2%16 = 228 or 40.8%17 = 82 or 14.7%18 = 1 or 0.2%

29

Top 10 Counties by Commitment Totals

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Marathon

Outagamie

Brown

Fond du Lac

Winnebago

Rock

Dane

Kenosha

Racine

Milwaukee

• Milwaukee – 276 or 49.5%• Racine – 38 or 6.8%• Kenosha – 37 or 6.6%• Dane – 37 or 6.6%• Rock – 17 or 3.0%

• Winnebago – 14 or 2.5%• Fond du Lac – 12 or 2.2%• Brown – 10 or 1.8%• Outagamie – 10 or 1.8%• Marathon – 9 or 1.6%

30

Most Frequent Committing Offense of Youth in JCIs – CY 2007Crime Number Percent

Robbery 89 16.0%

Operating vehicle without consent 82 14.7%

Burglary 72 12.9%

Battery 71 12.7%

Sexual Assault of a Child 32 5.7%

Theft 29 5.2%

Possession of a Dangerous Weapon 22 3.9%

Possession with intent to manufacture/deliver

20 3.6%

31

Program Participation and Outcomes

32

Education Outcomes – SFY 2007

Facility High School Credits Earned

Middle School Credits Earned

Middle School Promotions

SOGS 172 9.75 6

EAS 767 29 21

LHS 509 11 5

MJTC 82 0 0

Total 1530 49.75 32

33

Education Outcomes – SFY 2007

Facility High School Diplomas Awarded

High School Equivalency Diplomas Awarded

Students enrolled in elective job training in JCI

SOGS 2 17 110

EAS 2 58 434

LHS 4 78 385

MJTC 1 2 n/a

Total 9 155 929

34

JCIP Completions - Calendar Year 2007

Phase 1- Choices Phase II - Changes

   Number of youth

  Participated PassNon-

CompletionsParticipated Pass

Non-Completions

Southern Oaks Girls

School89 71 18 81 72 9

Ethan Allen School 264 156 108 187 150 37

Lincoln Hills School 130 115 15 119 115 4

Total 3 JCI's 483 342 141 387 337 50

Percentages 71% 

87%

* "Non-Completion" is a code assigned when a youth does not complete a program phase. The reasons for non-completion vary and include things such as the youth’s release to the community.

35

JCIP Outcome Data DJC uses a validated measurement tool

called the “HIT”, which stands for How I Think. The HIT measures cognitive distortions and anti-

social behavior such as lying, blaming others, stealing and physical aggression.

Youth complete the HIT before and after participation in JCIP.

Our last analysis of a sample of 165 youth showed a significant improvement or reduction in distortions and criminal thinking.

36

DJC Recidivism Definition Recidivism is defined as either:

Placement in a Wisconsin JCI as a consequence for a new delinquency adjudication after being released from a JCI; or

Placement in a Wisconsin prison for either a new criminal offense or an adult probation rule violation, after being released from a JCI

Time period reviewed is up to 2 years following release from a JCI

The definition DOES NOT include youth arrested and placed on county supervision, on probation or in jail; or youth returned to a JCI for rule violations only

37

DJC Recidivism Data

Release Year

Youth released

Two year average

Male percentage

Female percentage

2000 787 18.30% 19.54% 7.69%

2001 833 17.53% 18.81% 7.45%

2002 756 18.78% 20.52% 7.14%

2003 672 13.84% 14.48% 8.45%

2004 628 16.40% 18.23% 4.71%

38

Serious Juvenile Offender Program

39

What is the SJOP?

A longer-term disposition in Ch. 938 for youth adjudicated delinquent for committing certain serious offenses.

Length of disposition [s. 938.355 (4) (b)]:

To age 25 if adjudicated for an offense punishable as a Class A felony.

Five years if adjudicated for offense punishable as a Class B or C (or other) felony

40

Why Was SJOP Created?

Replace the never-implemented Youthful Offender Program and facility.

Remove from counties the fiscal responsibility for very serious young offenders, while still keeping appropriate youth in the juvenile system.

Promote the “balanced approach” by giving juvenile court a stricter option to hold youth accountable and protect public safety.

Provide an alternative to waiver to adult court.

41

SJOP Components Type 1 facility components

Minimum confinement in a Type 1 juvenile facility of 1 year for Class A felony-type offenses. [s. 938.538 (3) (a) 1m.]

Maximum confinement in Type 1 juvenile facility of 3 years for other offenses. [s. 938.538 (3) (a) 1.] Limitation is problematic for effective

supervision of a small number of SJO youth.

42

SJOP Components Type 2 facility components

All community components are defined as Type 2 secured correctional facility, i.e. institution without walls. [s. 938.538 (4)]

Community components are defined in statute as including Alternate care Field supervision, both CSP and aftercare Electronic monitoring AODA outpatient services Mental health treatment and services Community service, restitution Transitional services for education and employment Other programs per DOC

43

Transfer and Discharge Aftercare -- The Office of Juvenile

Offender Review may release a person to aftercare after two years of SJO participation. The person remains an SJO participant.

Discharge -- DOC may discharge a participant from the SJO program and from DOC supervision any time after three years of participation. [s. 938.538 (5)]

44

SJOP Eligibility

Age Age 14 – any eligible offense Age 10 – committing or attempting first-degree

intentional homicide or committing second-degree intentional or first-degree reckless homicide.

Open to interpretation: Age at time of disposition or time of offense

45

SJOP Eligibility

Offense Listed felony-type offenses in statute

Of SJO youth in JCIs today, about 60% are there for armed robbery or burglary, a third for sex offenses and 10% for homicide offenses. Several categories of Class B and C felony-type

offenses are not eligible for SJO, such as drug crimes, 2nd degree sex assault and homicide by intoxicated use of a firearm or vehicle.

46

SJOP Eligibility

Limited appropriate alternatives Standard corrections order is the court’s only

other option Wisconsin offense

Offenses in other states not included in SJO eligibility definition

Original dispositional order Includes stayed order

47

2007 SJO-B Commitments by Gender

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Male

Female

Male = 52 or 94.5% Female = 3 or 5.5%

48

2007 SJO-B Commitments by Race

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Black

Native American

White

Asian

Unknown

Unknown = 1 or 1.8% Asian = 0 White = 18 or 32.7% North American Indian = 1 or 1.8% Black = 35 or 63.6%

49

2007 SJO-B Commitments by County

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Chippewa Dane Fond du Lac Green Lake Juneau Kenosha Manitowoc

Milwaukee Outagamie Portage Racine Rusk St. Croix Sauk

Sheboygan Trempealeau Waukesha Washburn Winnebago

Counties with more than one commitment

Dane – 2 Milwaukee – 27 Kenosha – 4

Racine – 5 Washburn – 2 Sauk – 2