Upload
joan-warren
View
218
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
EMISSION INVENTORY OF EMISSION INVENTORY OF BANGLADESHBANGLADESH under Malunder Maléé Declaration Declaration on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution on Control and Prevention of Air Pollution And Its Likely Transboundary Effects for And Its Likely Transboundary Effects for
South AsiaSouth Asia
SYED NAZMUL AHSANSYED NAZMUL AHSANDEPARTMENT OF ENVIORNMENT, BANGLADESHDEPARTMENT OF ENVIORNMENT, BANGLADESH
ANDAND
S.M.QUAMRUL HASSANS.M.QUAMRUL HASSANBANGLADESH METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENTBANGLADESH METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT
2nd National Stakeholders Workshop24 November 2008Dhaka, Bangladesh
2
The emissions inventory is based on a The emissions inventory is based on a common methodology developed by the common methodology developed by the Swedish Environmental Institute (SEI) for Swedish Environmental Institute (SEI) for countries in South Asia - itself derived from countries in South Asia - itself derived from various inventory approaches used in other various inventory approaches used in other regions of the world. According to the SEI regions of the world. According to the SEI approach, sources of air emissions are approach, sources of air emissions are categorized into ten sectors namely:categorized into ten sectors namely:
3
Source SectorsSource Sectors
1. Combustion in the Energy Industries2. Combustion in Manufacturing
Industries and construction3. Transport4. Combustion in Other Sectors5. Fugitive emissions from fuels6. Industrial processes7. Solvent and other product use8. Agriculture9. Vegetation fires and Forestry10. Waste
4
Source SectorsSource Sectors
This sector includes Fuel Combustion Activities (Sectors 1 to 4) as well as sources of Fugitive Emissions from Fuels (Sector 5). Sectors 1 to 4 include fuel combustion activities within the Energy Industries (Sector 1), Manufacturing Industries and Construction (Sector 2), Transport (Sector 3), and Other Sectors (Commercial/Institutional, Residential and Agriculture/ Forestry/Fishing—Sector 4). Sector 5 includes non-combustion activities related to the extraction, processing, storage, distribution and use of fuels.
Energy
5
Source SectorsSource Sectors
This category covers those industrial processes that generate by-product emissions (that is, process emissions) or fugitive emissions of the pollutants covered by this Manual. It specifically excludes all combustion emissions from industry as these are already covered in Sector 2. However, it includes emissions from energy commodities used as a raw material in processes and coal and coke used as reducing agents for metal production (e.g. in iron manufacture). This sector includes the Mineral Products Industry, the Chemical Industry, Metals Production and the Pulp and Paper Industry.
Industrial processes
6
Source SectorsSource Sectors
This category covers the use of solvents and other products containing volatile compounds that are sources of NMVOC emissions. It includes the application of paint, glue and adhesives; metal degreasing and dry cleaning of fabrics; the manufacture of certain chemical products; and the use of solvents in the printing industry.
Solvent and Other Product Use
7
Source SectorsSource Sectors
This category includes livestock manure management and the application of nitrogen-containing fertilizers, both of which are responsible for ammonia emissions. It also covers field burning of agricultural crop residues. Fuel combustion emissions in agriculture are excluded as these are covered in Sector 4.
Agriculture
8
Source SectorsSource Sectors
This sector includes the on-site burning of forests and natural grasslands (excluding savannas). These fires may be man-induced (due to prescribed burning for management purposes or conversion to other land uses, or by accident) or natural wildfires.
Vegetation fires and forestry
9
Source SectorsSource Sectors
This emissions source category covers all types of waste incineration except waste-to-energy facilities (which are dealt with under Energy facilities) and on-field burning of crop residues (dealt with under Agriculture). It includes the incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW), industrial waste and commercial waste. Also included are emissions of ammonia from human excreta stored in latrines ("dry" toilets located outside the house) or from defecation/urination outdoors (e.g. in the fields or bush).
Waste
10
Estimation methodsEstimation methods Most emissions can be estimated using the simple relation:
Emissions = Emission factor x Activity rate
Emission Inventory Workbook
11
Sources of Data:Sources of Data:
1. International Energy Agency (IAEA)1. International Energy Agency (IAEA)
2. FAOSTAT 2. FAOSTAT
3. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)3. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)
4. Bangladesh Road Transport Authority 4. Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA)(BRTA)
12
Emission by pollutant typeEmission by pollutant type Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
11.3
1.7 1.63.2
1.5
17.5
2.51.1 1.1
5.3
0.0 0.6
0.002.004.006.008.00
10.0012.0014.0016.0018.0020.00
Pu
blic
ele
ctri
city
an
d h
eat
Oth
er c
om
bu
stio
n in
en
erg
yin
du
stri
es
Co
mb
ust
ion
in m
anu
fact
uri
ng
ind
ust
ry
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Sim
ple
)
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Det
aile
d)
No
n-r
oad
tra
nsp
ort
Res
iden
tial
Rem
ain
der
"O
ther
sec
tors
"co
mb
ust
ion
Fu
git
ive
emis
sio
ns
fro
m f
uel
s
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
es
Bu
rnin
g o
f ag
ricu
ltu
ral c
rop
resi
du
es
Oth
er a
gri
cult
ure
Was
te
kt/
ye
ar
13
Emission by pollutant typeEmission by pollutant type Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
21.3
0.2
7.6
0.0
36.9
10.3
33.4
2.60.1 0.0
26.322.9
3.8
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
Pu
blic
ele
ctri
city
an
d h
eat
Oth
er c
om
bu
stio
n in
en
erg
yin
du
stri
es
Co
mb
ust
ion
in m
anu
fact
uri
ng
ind
ust
ry
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Sim
ple
)
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Det
aile
d)
No
n-r
oad
tra
nsp
ort
Res
iden
tial
Rem
ain
der
"O
ther
sec
tors
"co
mb
ust
ion
Fu
git
ive
emis
sio
ns
fro
m f
uel
s
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
es
Bu
rnin
g o
f ag
ricu
ltu
ral c
rop
resi
du
es
Oth
er a
gri
cult
ure
Was
te
kt/
ye
ar
14
Emission by pollutant typeEmission by pollutant type Carbon Monoxide (CO)
3.0 0.0 3.4 0.0110.3
2.7
1770.6
18.4 0.1 0.1
651.4
0.0 52.7
0.00200.00400.00600.00800.00
1000.001200.001400.001600.001800.002000.00
Pu
blic
ele
ctri
city
an
d h
eat
Oth
er c
om
bu
stio
n in
en
erg
yin
du
stri
es
Co
mb
ust
ion
in m
anu
fact
uri
ng
ind
ust
ry
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Sim
ple
)
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Det
aile
d)
No
n-r
oad
tra
nsp
ort
Res
iden
tial
Rem
ain
der
"O
ther
sec
tors
"co
mb
ust
ion
Fu
git
ive
emis
sio
ns
fro
m f
uel
s
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
es
Bu
rnin
g o
f ag
ricu
ltu
ral c
rop
resi
du
es
Oth
er a
gri
cult
ure
Was
te
kt/
ye
ar
15
Emission by pollutant typeEmission by pollutant type Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOC)
0.8 0.0 0.521.9
0.0 1.2
191.3
3.7
37.7
0.4
48.9
0.0 4.2
0
50
100
150
200
250P
ub
lic e
lect
rici
ty a
nd
hea
t
Oth
er c
om
bu
stio
n in
en
erg
yin
du
stri
es
Co
mb
ust
ion
in m
anu
fact
uri
ng
ind
ust
ry
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Sim
ple
)
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Det
aile
d)
No
n-r
oad
tra
nsp
ort
Res
iden
tial
Rem
ain
der
"O
ther
sec
tors
"co
mb
ust
ion
Fu
git
ive
emis
sio
ns
fro
m f
uel
s
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
es
Bu
rnin
g o
f ag
ricu
ltu
ral c
rop
resi
du
es
Oth
er a
gri
cult
ure
Was
te
kt/
ye
ar
16
Emission by pollutant typeEmission by pollutant type Ammonia (NH3)
0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.027.4
0.0 0.027.8 15.0
555.6
0.00
100
200
300
400
500
600P
ub
lic e
lect
rici
ty a
nd
hea
t
Oth
er c
om
bu
stio
n in
en
erg
yin
du
stri
es
Co
mb
ust
ion
in m
anu
fact
uri
ng
ind
ust
ry
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Sim
ple
)
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Det
aile
d)
No
n-r
oad
tra
nsp
ort
Res
iden
tial
Rem
ain
der
"O
ther
sec
tors
"co
mb
ust
ion
Fu
git
ive
emis
sio
ns
fro
m f
uel
s
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
es
Bu
rnin
g o
f ag
ricu
ltu
ral c
rop
resi
du
es
Oth
er a
gri
cult
ure
Was
te
kt/
ye
ar
17
Emission by pollutant typeEmission by pollutant type Particulate matter less than 10μm (PM10)
0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0
1769.6
1.1 51.3 0.0 0.0
354.2
47.3 0.0 23.8
0200400600800
100012001400160018002000P
ub
lic e
lect
rici
ty a
nd
hea
t
Oth
er c
om
bu
stio
n in
en
erg
yin
du
stri
es
Co
mb
ust
ion
in m
anu
fact
uri
ng
ind
ust
ry
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Sim
ple
)
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Det
aile
d)
No
n-r
oad
tra
nsp
ort
Res
iden
tial
Rem
ain
der
"O
ther
sec
tors
"co
mb
ust
ion
Fu
git
ive
emis
sio
ns
fro
m f
uel
s
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
es
Bu
rnin
g o
f ag
ricu
ltu
ral c
rop
resi
du
es
Oth
er a
gri
cult
ure
Was
te
kt/
ye
ar
18
Emission by pollutant typeEmission by pollutant type Particulate matter less than 2.5μm (PM2.5)
0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0
621.2
1.141.1
0.0 0.0 17.547.3
0.0 21.8
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700P
ub
lic e
lect
rici
ty a
nd
hea
t
Oth
er c
om
bu
stio
n in
en
erg
yin
du
stri
es
Co
mb
ust
ion
in m
anu
fact
uri
ng
ind
ust
ry
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Sim
ple
)
Ro
ad t
ran
spo
rt (
Det
aile
d)
No
n-r
oad
tra
nsp
ort
Res
iden
tial
Rem
ain
der
"O
ther
sec
tors
"co
mb
ust
ion
Fu
git
ive
emis
sio
ns
fro
m f
uel
s
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
es
Bu
rnin
g o
f ag
ricu
ltu
ral c
rop
resi
du
es
Oth
er a
gri
cult
ure
Was
te
kt/
ye
ar
19
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Public electricity and heat Sector
CO8%
NMVOC2%
PM10
1%
NH3
1%
SO2
30%
NOx
58%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
11.29 21.31 2.99 0.77 0.20 0.55 0.47
20
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Other combustion in energy industries
NMVOC1%
CO2%
SO2
87%
NOx
10%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
1.68 0.18 0.05 0.0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
21
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Combustion in manufacturing industry
CO25%
PM10
1%NH3
0%NMVOC
4%
NOx
58%
SO2
12%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
1.59 7.64 3.35 0.51 0.06 0.19 0.07
22
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Road Transport Sector
NOx2%
CO6%
NMVOC1%
SO2
0.2%
PM10
91%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
3.17 36.94 110.34 21.87 0.08 1769.56 621.21
23
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Non-road transport
CO16%
NMVOC7%
SO2
9%PM10
7%
NOx
61%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
1.49 10.34 2.70 1.19 0.03 1.13 1.06
24
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Residential Sector
CO85%
NMVOC9%
NOx
2%
NH3
1%SO2
1%
PM10
2%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
17.50 33.44 1770.63 191.26 27.38 51.31 41.06
25
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Combustion in Other Sectors
CO69%
NMVOC13%
SO2
9% NOx
9%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
2.53 2.56 18.42 3.67 0.00 0.01 0.00
26
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Emissions from Industrial Processes
NH3
7%
PM10
93%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
1.12 0.02 0.06 0.39 27.80 354.25 17.50
27
Emissions by SectorEmissions by Sector Burning of agricultural crop residues
CO82%
NMVOC6%
NOx3%
SO2
1%PM10
6%NH3
2%
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
5.33 26.34 651.38 48.86 14.96 47.26 47.26
28
Total EmissionsTotal Emissions
SO2 NOx CO NMVOC NH3 PM10 PM2.5
47.40 165.48 2612.74 310.38 626.15 2248.09 750.48
CO44%
NMVOC5%
NOx
3%SO2
1%
NH3
10%
PM10
37%
29
LIMITATIONS…..LIMITATIONS…..
• Data were not available in all sectors (e.g. solvent and other product use).
• Difficult to acquire information (e.g. fugitive emissions of particulate matter from major building construction activities).
• Incomplete data
30
FUTURE PLAN…..FUTURE PLAN…..
• It is to be needed for updating emission inventory by using 2005 data