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European Climate Change Programme: legislative action
fluorinated gases
Phil Callaghan European Commission
DG ENV.E.1
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Overview
• EU commitments under Kyoto Protocol
• European Climate Change Programme - consultation and implementation
• Proposal for legislation on fluorinated gases
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Kyoto commitments
• EU has legally-binding target to reduce greenhouse gases by 8% below 1990 levels by 2008-2012
• Member States have national legally-binding targets: some have cuts, some freeze emissions and some can increase emissions
• Spain can increase emissions 15%
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EC progress 2000:total emissions
96.5
92.0
99.5
100.0
80
90
100
110
120
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Inde
x
Greenhouse gas emissions Target path 2010
GHG target 2010 CO2 emissions
CO2 target 2000
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EC progress 2000:member states
0.5
-31.1
-8.6
-6.7
-4.1
-3.9
-1.7
5.6
7.2
8.7
8.8
9.2
10.0
16.6
17.5
26.2
-40.0 -30.0 -20.0 -10.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0
EU-15
Luxembourg
Germany
United Kingdom
Finland
Sweden
France
Netherlands
Italy
Greece
Denmark
Austria
Belgium
Portugal
Ireland
Spain
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Projected Progress: 2012
• Without additional measures at Community and Member State level greenhouse gas emissions will increase by about 1% (on 1990 levels), instead of declining by 8%
• Which is why the Commission launched the European Climate Change Programme in 2000
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European Climate Change Programme
(ECCP)
• Objective: how to reach -8% target (340 Mt CO2 eq) cost-effectively?
• Multi-stakeholder process: working groups with Member States, industry and NGOs
• The ECCP reports provide the basis for the Commission to develop legislative and other proposals
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ECCP: summary of results
• Some 40 cost-effective policies and measures with an emission reduction potential of some 664 - 765 Mt CO2 eq (± twice EU target)
• Overall costs for EU target in 2010: 3.7 € bn / 0.06 % of EU GDP
hypothesis : maximum cost - effectiveness
(EU/MS)
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ECCP: reduction potential in 2010
Marginal cost€20/tCO2 eq
Emissions1990 or 95Mt CO2
equivalent
Baselineemissions for2010 withexistingmeasures
Cost-effectivepotential beyondbaselineprojection for2010
Energy sector 1422 -6% -13%
Industry 757 -9% -12%Transport 753 31% -4%Households 447 0% -6%Services 176 14% -15%Agriculture 417 -5% -4%Waste 166 -18% -13%Total 4138 1% -9%
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ECCP:implementation of first phase
• Communication on the ECCP in October 2001 sets out the key measures for the implementation strategy
• Includes proposal for legislative action on fluorinated gases
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ECCP: working group recommendations
• clear statement on importance of reducing fluorinated gas emissions
• regulatory framework to improve containment and monitoring of fluorinated gases
• promotion of appropriate alternative technologies
• improve knowledge of different technology choices
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Fluorinated gases:emissions
• Emissions about 65 million tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent in 1995 (2% of total emissions)
• Forecast to increase to around 98 million tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent in 2010 (2-4% total emissions)
• Increase explained by phase-out of ODS
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Emissions by sector 2010
• Emissions increase 50% 1995 to 2010
• Emissions will be 98MTCO2 eq. or 4% total EU GHG emissions 2010
• Main sources of emissions:
Industrial emissions = 14 MTCO2 eq. (IPPC)
Refrigeration & a/c = 21 MTCO2 eq.
Mobile a/c = 15 MTCO2 eq.
Foams = 9 MTCO2 eq.
Solvents = 8 MTCO2 eq.
Aerosols = 5/7 MTCO2 eq.
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Outline of Commission proposal
Commission proposal will address 3 aspects:
1. Containment
2. Data reporting
3. Use controls
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Approach
• Put in place cost-effective legislative framework across EU
• Consistent policy for all economic enterprises
• Workable and flexible to take account of national and sectoral circumstances
• After considering all options have decided to promote separate new EC Regulation
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Containment
• Recovery - mandatory for most equipment
• Recycling or destruction - mandatory
• Disposable containers - banned except for medical and laboratory uses
• Annual inspection for leakage - mandatory
• Duty on users to minimise leakage
• Minimum qualifications - set by MS
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Data reporting
• Data reported to Commission
• Production
• Imports
• Exports
• Uses
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Use bans
• Early bans - based on ECCP report
• Establish criteria for future bans
- safety and health
- cost-effectiveness
- technical feasibility
• Management Committee to consider future bans and derogations
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Cost benefit analysis (1)
• Containment Study - Enviros• Analysis based upon Netherlands Regulations
(STEK) and further scenario based upon 2037/2000
• EU + Member State + Sector level• Final report in November 2002• EC STEK = 15 MTCO2 eq./€24.5 TCO2
eq.in 2010
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Cost benefit analysis(2)
• Data Reporting and Use Bans Study - Ecofys
• EU + Member State + Sector level
• Interim report early September 2002
• Final report November 2002
• EC bans = 6 MTCO2 eq./€0 TCO2 eq. in 2010
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Consultation and timetable
• Ongoing - working group continues to meet (May, June and September)
• December - DG ENV begins to draft legislation and explanatory memorandum
• Commission adopts proposal Spring 2003
