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1. Explain the term “taxonomy”2. Explain the necessity for classifying
living things3. Identify the scientist that developed the
current classification scheme4. Identify the 5 kingdoms5. Describe each kingdom in terms of:
a. Presence of a distinct nucleus (prokaryote or eukaryote)
b. Type of nutrition (heterotroph or autotroph)c. Cellular plan (uni- or multicellular)d. Examples of representative organisms
(identify by name or picture)
6. List the 7 classification categories (KPCOFGS)
(King Philip Came Over From Germany Saturday)
7. Define the term “species”8. Explain what “binomial nomenclature” is,
where it comes from, and how it is written9. Know the scientific name of humans10. Use a dichotomous key to identify
organisms
Kingdom - Animala - Can move around, specialized sense organs, requires organic plant and animal substances for food
Phylum - Chordata - Hollow nerve cord (Subphylum) - Vertebrate - backbone (Superclass)Tetrapoda - Four footed - can live on land.Class - Mammalia - Hair, Mammary glands for nursing youngOrder - Primate - (Monkeys) - Binocular vision (forward eyes) -
opposable thumbs Family - Hominidae - (Great apes) - Complex social behaviors,
larger body, skeletal modifications for semi-upright posture, 32 teeth
(SubFamily) - Homininae (hominines) - Gorilla, Chimp, Human
(Tribe) - Hominini or hominins - canine tooth, which looksmore like an incisor. Toe bone improved for moving bipedally.
Genus - Homo "man" - Larger brainSpecies - Homo Sapien "wise" - Language, more sophisticated
tools, prominent chin, sparse body hair
Prokaryote: cells with no nucleusEukaryote: cells with a true nucleusHeterotroph: can not make their own
foodAutotroph: can make their own foodMotile: has locomotionNon-motile: can not move around
KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs
ProkaryoticUnicellular
e.Colioscillatoria
MONERA
KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs
ProkaryoticUnicellular
e.Colioscillatoria
PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile
EukaryoticMostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
PROTISTA
KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs
ProkaryoticUnicellular
e.Colioscillatoria
PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile
EukaryoticMostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
FUNGIHeterotrophs (absorb food, non-green)Parasites or decomposers
EukaryoticMostly multicellular Yeast, mold, mushrooms
FUNGI
KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs
ProkaryoticUnicellular
e.Colioscillatoria
PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile
EukaryoticMostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
FUNGIHeterotrophs (absorb food, non-green)Parasites or decomposers
EukaryoticMostly multicellular Yeast, mold, mushrooms
PLANTAEBryophytes: lack true roots, leaves, stemsTracheophytes: have true roots
Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophs, non-motile
Moss, ferns, pine trees
PLANT KINGDOM
KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs
ProkaryoticUnicellular
e.Colioscillatoria
PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile
EukaryoticMostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
FUNGIHeterotrophs (absorb food, non-green)Parasites or decomposers
EukaryoticMostly multicellular Yeast, mold, mushrooms
PLANTAEBryophytes: lack true roots, leaves, stemsTracheophytes: have true roots
Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophs, non-motile
Moss, ferns, pine trees
ANIMALIAPHYLUM:
•Coelenterata•Annelida•Arthropoda
•Chordata
Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs, motile
•2 cell layers, hollow•segmented worm•exoskeleton, jointed appendages•dorsal nerve cord
•jelly fish•earthworm•grasshopper, lobster
•human, frog
ANIMAL KINGDOM
Characteristic MONERA PROTISTA FUNGI PLANTAE ANIMALIA
Cell Type
Body Form
Cell Wall Compositio
n
Mode of Nutrition
Nervous System
Locomotion
Examples
prokaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic
Mostly unicellular; some colonial
Mostly unicellular; some simple multicellular
Mostly multicellular
MulticellularMulticellular; organs and organ systems
Photosynthesis chemosynthesisAbsorption
Photosynthesis IngestionAbsorption
Absorption Photosynthesis Ingestion
Absent AbsentAbsent Absent Present
Bacteria blue-green algae
Protozoa (paramecium, ameba, euglena) algae (spirogyra)
Molds, yeasts, mushrooms, rusts, smuts
Bryopphytes (lacking true roots, stems, leaves)Tracheophytes (have true roots, stems, leaves
Coelenterata (hydra)Annelida(earthworm)Arthropoda(grasshopper)Chordata(human)
polysaccharides amino acids
cellulose no cell wallchitincomposition varies
Present in some
Absent Absent PresentPresent in some
MONOCOTS DICOTS
seed leaves
leaf venation
stems
flowers
parallel
netlike
one cotyledon two cotyledon
bundles scattered bundles in rings
pedals in 3’s
pedals in 4’s or 5’s