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3 Visual systems and visual languages Visual systems are systems that process visual languages. Visual languages are two (or more) dimensional languages with have structures. ER-diagrams customergoodsorder No.name numberNo.nameprice Class diagrams text left width height cut select Box select deselect Link name add sheet next sheet save load Drawing Collection cut copy move Selection delete Sheet
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From Eviss to Viola:Visual Parser Generators based
on Extended Constraint Multiset Grammars
Jiro TanakaUniversity of [email protected]
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Contents
Visual Parsing Visual Parser Generators
EvissViola
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Visual systems and visual languages
Visual systems are systems that process visual languages.
Visual languages are two (or more) dimensional languages with have structures.
ER-diagrams
customer goodsorder
No. name number No.name price
Class diagrams
textleftwidthheightcutselect
Box
selectdeselect
Link
nameadd sheetnext sheetsaveload
Drawing
Collection
cutcopymove
Selection
delete
Sheet
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Visual parsing: motivation
⇒We would like to implement visual systems with less effort and time.
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What is Necessary
2D version of yacc (text -> visual)A visual parser generator such as yacc w
hich generates a parser if rules and actions are given.
Easy visual system builderMake visual systems with less efforts, onl
y by giving their rules.
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What is Necessary (2) Generated visual systems keep the semantic
relationships between figure elements, when moved.
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Visual Parser Generator:
GrammarExtended CMG (Constraint Multiset Gram
mars)
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Extended CMG Extended Constraint Multiset Grammar
CMG is used to describe the relationship between figures using constraints.
Extended CMG is obtained by adding various actions to CMG.
val
textTextvaluemidCirclemidand
midTextmidCirclewheretextmidTextmidCircle
valuemidList
.,...
),(),(::),(
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Actions Actions are arbitrary script such as
calculating valuescreating widgetsredrawing the figures in the execution window
alter the attributes of the figures move the figures create new figures delete the figures
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How the ListTree is Parsed1. ListTree consists of a circle with a text string in it. No arrow comes into the node.2. ListTree consists of a circle with a text string in it. There exist two arrows which come into the circle. Each arrow comes from another ListTree.
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Contents
Visual Parsing Visual Parser Generators
EvissViola
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Visual Parser Generators
We have implemented a series of visual parser generators based on Extended CMG.
Eviss [1997] is the first one. Implemented in Tcl/Tk
Viola [2004] is the latest one. Implemented in Java
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“Eviss” SystemDefinition windowDefinition window Grammars are defined here.
Execution windowExecution windowGenerated systems can be used here.Relationships between figure elements are preserved.
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Defining Rules
Rough Rules can bedefined visually.
Eviss translates theminto textual form.
The user modifies- attributes- actions- constraints
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Applications
VSH
calc tree stack STD VSH
GUI Builder HIVISUAL VISPATCH
5*
3 4+
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Calculation Tree
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3 4
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Calculation Tree
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Stack
a
b
c
a
b
c
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State Transition Diagram Editor
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VSH (Visual Shell)
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GUI Builder
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HIVISUAL
[I. Yoshimoto, 1986]
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VISPATCH [Harada,1997]
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More Application
Recursive Drawing of a Comic Character
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Problems with Eviss
Needed to define Extended CMG rules textually.
Difficult to the end users.
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Features of Viola
The user can define the rules by direct manipulation, without describing rules in text.
Implemented in Java (J2SE v1.4.1) As a constraint solver, Chorus [Hosobe 20
01] is used.
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Features of Viola (2) No distinction between the definition
window and the execution window. We can define the rules and execute the visual system dynamically.
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Demo: Network Structure Diagram
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Summary
Visual Parser Generators based on Extended CMG are described.
They generate the spatial parsers, if the rules for the visual languages are given.The grammars are based on the extended
CMG. In Viola, the user can define rules and execute
them dynamically.
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Future direction: Meta-GUI Write meta-interpreter of Viola in Viola
cf. Vispatch
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Free Software Packages EVISS is available from
http://www.iplab.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp/
More Info:[email protected]
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From Eviss to Viola:Visual Parser Generators based
on Extended Constraint Multiset Grammars
Jiro TanakaUniversity of [email protected]
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