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German Energy Policy

Sustainable, Reliable and Affordable

Energy Concept, BMWi, BMU- Mauritus Images (p. 7),

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German Energy Policy – Strategy and Targets 1/2

Long-term overall strategy up to 2050 Secure a reliable, economically viable and environmentally sound energy supply, thereby ensuring energy security and climate protectionCreate an energy-efficient and green economy with competitive energy prices and a high level of prosperity

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German Energy Policy – Strategy and Targets 2/2

Climate Protection TargetsCut greenhouse gas (GG) emissions compared to 1990 levels by:

1990 2009 2020 2030 2040 2050

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

40%

55%

70%

28%

80-95%

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German Energy Policy – Renewable Energy 1/4

Agriculture aside, 80% of GG emissions are caused by energy consumptionUse of renewable energy avoids GG emissions

Table: GG avoidance (CO2 equiv.) by sector due to the use of renewables (Germany 2010)

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German Energy Policy – Renewable Energy 2/4The target for 2020 is to supply 18% of total final energy consumption from renewable energy Currently 11% of total final energy consumption is supplied from renewable energy sources (RES):

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German Energy Policy – Renewable Energy 3/4Electricity is a major factor in energy consumption

Target: 35% of electricity generated from renewable energyby 2020

Table: Structure of electricity supply from renewable energy (Germany 2010):

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German Energy Policy – Renewable Energy 4/4

The German Government plans to:Expand renewables cost-efficiently through market-oriented renewable energy legislation (Renewable Energies Act, EEG)

Increase and upgrade onshore and offshore wind farming:

new Offshore Wind Energy Programme with a credit volume of € 5 billion

new offshore grid connection plan to improve coordination of expansion in this sector

Enhance the sustainable and efficient use of biomassthrough a consistent, cross-sectoral strategy designed to avoid negative environmental impacts and competition with the production of food or animal feed

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German Energy Policy – Energy Efficiency

The German Government plans:Economic incentives and improved information

to enable companies and private consumers to tap unexploited potential for energy efficiency

A new legal obligation to make energy efficiency a criterion when awarding public contractsTransparent national and European energy consumption labelling of productsGreater market transparency:

Federal Agency for Energy Efficiency in Eschborn to observe and make suggestions for the further development of the energy services market

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German Energy Policy – Nuclear Power 1/2

Progressive phasing-out of nuclear powerGermany’s 17 nuclear power plants had a gross output of 21.465 megawatt

In 2010 23% of electricity was generated from nuclear power; after the 2011 moratorium this figure fell to 15% and by the end of 2022 it will be 0%

The seven nuclear power plants shut down during the moratorium and the Krümmel nuclear power plant have been taken off the grid

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German Energy Policy – Nuclear Power 2/2

The roadmap for shutting down the remaining nuclear power plants is now enshrined in law:

2015: Grafenrheinfeld

2017: Grundremmingen B

2019: Philippsburg 2

2021: Grohnde, Grundremmingen C and Brokdorf

2022: Isar 2, Emsland and Neckarwestheim 2

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German Energy Policy – Fossil-Fuel Plants

Fossil-fuel plants + carbon capture and storage (CCS)Invest in reserve and balancing capacities, esp. in more flexible coal- and gas-fired power stationsPromote construction of highly efficient fossil-fuel power plants that are CCS-readyCreate a legal framework for CCS (CCS Act passed on 7 July 2011)Encourage greater international cooperation on developing CCS technologies Terminate subsidies for domestic hard coal

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German Energy Policy – Grid Infrastructure

Support for the development of national smart gridsuse of information technology to manage electricity generation, storage, users and the grid itself

Expansion of grid infrastructure with electricity highways, strategic planning for the development of a European smart grid by 2050Innovative technologies to transport electricity over long distances with minimal lossesExpansion of energy storage capacityUnbundling: Separating grid operation from production and sales to enhance the independence of grid operators

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German Energy Policy – Buildings

Buildings currently account for 40% of final energy consumption in Germany and 1/3 of CO2 emissions

Government target: building stock to be almost climate-neutral buildings by 2050

remaining energy demand to be supplied from renewable sources

This will require a doubling of the current rate of building renovation to upgrade energy performanceLong-term road map for building renovations: cut primary energy consumption by 20% by 2020 and 80%by 2050 Energy-saving upgrades granted 10% tax reliefover a ten-year period

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German Energy Policy – Mobility

Aim to have one million electric vehicles on the roads by 2020 and six million by 2030 Continue National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Innovation ProgrammeAmbitious rules on max. permissible CO2 emissions for new vehicles and caps for all vehicle categoriesReach a sustainable proportion of bio-components in fuels Increase investment in the rail network

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German Energy Policy – Energy Research

Innovation is key to the structural changes necessary to achieve a sustainable energy supply Increase funding for research and development (R&D)New comprehensive Energy Research Programme for the period up to 2020 and core priorities for the period thereafterSupport for German applicants participating in and implementing the EU’s Strategic Energy Technology Plan

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German Energy Policy – National ApproachEmbedded in Europe

EU targets: 20% cut in GG emissions, 20% renewables, 20% improvement in energy efficiency European smart grid as the backbone of the single energy marketIntegrated and functioning internal market for electricity and gasBy 2013 expand emissions trading system intoan EU-wide mechanism

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Within the framework of the International Carbon Action Partnership (ICAP), link the EU-wide emissions trading system with countries that are planning or have already introduced emissions trading systems Globally binding climate protection agreementOverall strategy for the Mediterranean Solar PlanEnhance the dialogue with non-EU countries on high-tech raw materials and energy technologies (International Renewable Energy Agency – IRENA)

German Energy Policy – National Approach Globally embedded

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Thank you for your attention!

Sources:

Energy Concept for an Environmentally Sound, Reliable and Affordable Energy Supply; 28 September 2010; Editorial department Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) Department K I

Development of renewable energy sources in Germany 2010, Graphics and tables, Version: 23 March 2011, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, General and Fundamental Issues relating to Renewable Energies (KI III 1)

Pictures:

Radius Images – Mauritus Images (p. 1), Ingo Bartussek – Fotolia (p. 10), Bernhard 63 – Fotolia (p. 11), BINE Informationsdienst (p. 13), Manfred Steinbach – Fotolia (p. 14), Ulrich Zillmann (p. 15), Sven Hoppe – Fotolia (p. 16), Heinz Waldukat – Fotolia (p. 17),