ENGLISH ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM FOR ENGTEKAugust 29, 2013Meaning
What does it mean?(Meaningfulness) UseWhen /why is it
used?(Appropriateness)FormHow is it formed? (Accuracy) Grammatical
Metalanguage Arrange the following words to form meaningful
sentences dogbittenwasNorathe by jointoandbothNelson areMariachosen
competition the in Arrange the following words to form meaningful
sentences Norawasbittenbythe dog.BothNelsonandMaria are chosen to
join in the competition? Who told you?Teachers?Books?
Experts?Approaches in teaching/learning grammar
Descriptiveattemptstodescribe actual language use
Prescriptiveexpressesacertain dissatisfactionwithlanguagein
general;constantlysetoutarbitrary rulesandmakesurethattheyare
strictly followed. What Grammatical Metalanguageis all about?
Discussionofgrammaronthree levels:Subsentential Semantic / Notional
Structural FunctionalSententialSuprasentential Parts of Speech The
_______ for________the________in the _________. _______
broom_______ sweeping ________ floor belongs_______
closet_______.Parts of Speech Function
WordsDeterminersPrepositionsConjunctionsPronouns Content WordsNouns
VerbsAdjectivesAdverbs Noun (Noun
Substantive)Semantic/NotionalStructural FunctionalName of person,
place, thing orideaTypes of nounsa. Common- Count- Non counta.
Properb. CollectiveMorphology a. Inflections- Plural- Possessiveb.
DerivationsPosition 1. Preceded by determiners2. Followed by a verb
Functions1. Subject of verb2. Direct object3. Indirect object4.
Subject complement5. Object complement / object noun predicate6.
Appositive7. Object of the prepositionNoun (Noun Substantive) The
students learn the grammar of English. He watered the lawn. We are
all learners. They elected Ann president. Manila, the capital of
the Philippines, is located in Luzon. Let me tell you, my friend,
grammar is just plain fun.Verb Semantic/NotionalStructural
FunctionalDenotes action or state of being Types of verbsa.
Intransitiveb. Transitivec. Linking verb/auxiliary verbMorphology
a. Inflections- 3rd person singular - Simple past- Past participle-
Present participleb. DerivationsPosition 1. Follows noun subjects
2. Followed by adverbs, nouns, adjectives Two Qualities1. Tense
time of an events occurrence2. Aspectdenotes whether the event has
occurredearlierandis completed/finishedor isstillin
progress/unfinished Number marking - Present, 3rd person sg.-
Present, pluralAdverb Semantic/NotionalStructural FunctionalModify
verbs, adjectives, another adverb, SOMETIMES SENTENCES Types of
verbsa. Directionb. Locationc. Mannerd. Timee. Frequency Morphology
a. Inflections- ly as in happilyAdverb Jim pointed there.
(direction) Jim pointed at the constellation Pisces. (direction)
Isabel shops locally. (Manner) Isabel shops at the mall. (location)
The choir sang joyfully at the ordination. The choir sang as if it
was especially inspired. Soon, Rachel will retire. We will visit
our friends in China
occasionally.AdjectivesSemantic/NotionalStructural
Functionaldescribes/denotesthequalityif something Morphology1.
Inflection comparative degree marker (-er); superlative marker
(-est)2. Derivation Position a. Between determiner and noun b.
After the linking verb Modify or complement nounsAdjective types:1.
Attributive2. PredicativePronoun Semantic/NotionalStructural
FunctionalReplacenouns andnounphrases withinatextoras
adirectreference toanexternal situation Occupy the same position as
an N or NP does. Kinds of Pronouns1. Personal subject, object,
possessive2. Reflexive 3. demonstrative Distinctions: - Number,
person, gender; proximity for demonstratives, subject verb
agreementDeterminersSemantic/NotionalStructural
FunctionalLimitthenouns that follow them Position1. Precede nouns2.
Precede adjectivesTypes:1. Articles2. Demonstratives3.
Possessives4. QuantifiersPreposition Semantic/NotionalStructural
FunctionalConnect words to otherpartsofthe sentence;havea
closerelationship withtheword which follows Made up of: preposition
+ NPUsually one word but can be two or three e.g. in, on, at, out
of, on top ofPrototypically signal spatial relationshipsCan also
signal case relationshipsConjunctionsSemantic/NotionalStructural
FunctionalWords that join Coordinating conjunctions comes between
two or more independent clausesSubordinating conjunction typically
precedes a dependent clauseTypes of conjunctions:1. CC joins
clauses and phrases of equal grammatical rank 2. SC joins dependent
clause to an independent clauseQUIZ no. 1 PartsI. Identification
(10 items) II. Multiple Choice (5 items) III.Word Transformation (5
items) I. Identify what is being asked in the following.1. Approach
in teaching / learning grammar which aims to describe actual
language use 2. level in grammar which deals with the sentence
itself3. Category which deals with how words are formed by adding
morphemes 4. Also called as closed set 5. Provides connections
between clauses I. Identify what is being asked in the following.6.
Category which deals with how a grammatical element works/functions
7. Used in spatial transitions8. Refers to how one learns a
language9. category which deals with names and meaning of a
particular grammatical element 10.Level in grammar which deals with
meaning beyond sentences Write the letter of the correct answer.11.
What is the function of the underlined word: Sarah has been invited
in the concert. a. Subject of the sentenceb. Direct objectc.
Indirect Objectd. Object of the PrepositionWrite the letter of the
correct answer.12. What is the tense of the underlined verb: Sarah
has been invited in the concert. a. Future Perfectb. Past Perfectc.
Present Perfect d. Present Perfect ProgresiveWrite the letter of
the correct answer.13. What type of pronoun will complete the
sentence: They have to leave _______ immediately. a. Subjectb.
Object c. Possessived. None of the above Write the letter of the
correct answer.14. The following are statements describing what an
adjective is EXCEPT a. Precedes a verb b. Precedes a nounc.
Comparative markerd. Appears after a linking verb Write the letter
of the correct answer.15. Which of the following is TRUE about
determiners?a. Follow nounsb. Have 6 major typesc. Limit nounsd.
Can also qualifyTransform the word: power16. Adjective17. Adverb
Transform the word: sparingly 18. Verb19. Adjective Transform the
word: personify 20. Noun ANSWERS 1. Descriptive2. Sentential3.
Structural4. Function words5. Conjunctions6. Functional7.
Preposition8. Grammatical metalanguage 9. Semantic/notional10.
Suprasentential11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. Powerful17.
Powerfully18. Spare19. Sparing20. PersonificationAssignment Look
for the definition of the ff. 1. Tolerant2. Advocacy 3. Apparent4.
Emulate5. Fizzle6. ImpeccableA. Giving aid to a cause B. Imitate C.
FailD. PerfectE. Clear F. Accepting diff. views Source:
MicrosoftEncarta2008. 1993-2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights
reserved Why should we be concerned if mass media practitioners
themselves write/speak better English? Agree Prove why?
PeoplelookatthemasROLEMODELSFOR GOOD ENGLISH and its quite a
concern if their badEnglishwouldcometobeacceptedas good usage and
be imitated by others. Disagree Prove why not?Cite the two
incidents mentioned in the article and the grammatical points
emphasize? Thepresidentwillgohereandisexpected anytime now. Verb
usage (come instead of go) TheHelloGarci!conversationshave
providedanecdotalconfirmationofthefraud
uncoveredthroughthehardanalysisof Versozal and I in May-June 2004.
Pronoun antecedent (me instead of I)
