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情報探索／発見Information Search/Finding/Discovery

長尾真監修，大学生と「情報の活用」－情報探索入門，京都大学図書館情報学研究会発行，１９９９．

•研究紹介：SASS 他：キーワード推薦

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検索 vs. 探索Retrieval vs. Search

Retrievalget back; regain. By The American Heritage ｮ Dictionary

Search

look over carefully in order to find something

= Finding

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Search Engine

Searching on Internet/NetworkIs search engine enough for our purposes?

– Full text search– Just a beginning for information search/finding– Needs solution-oriented supporting facilities– Difficulties in finding appropriate keywords

→SASS

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SASS(Searching Assistant with Social Selection)

– Keyword Recommendation– Choosing keywords that were used by the

searchers– Also useful for searcher’s behavior analysis

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Matchmaking Problem

Arrangement so that the information user and the information provider meet each other.

→Search Engine: content-oriented

Info. User Info. Provider

Providing

Requirement

？

6Problem

Information GatheringIntention Formation ：

Deciding interestsInformation Collection ：

Collecting relating information

InformationCollection

IntentionFormation

Interests

ReferencingInformation

This is it!

What should I do?What’s important?

Clarifying the problem

Searchinguseful

information

Choosing theinformation

Were is my information?I got what’s

important ！

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Problems:

① in Information Collection ： Where is the information(documents) I am looking for? ← Supported well: for example by search engines② in Intention Formation ： Difficulty in expressing/clarifying the user’s own intention/need

Info. User Info. Provider

①②

Idea Collection

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Collaborative Support for Idea Creation

Referring and using other user’s ideas in your idea creation

Collaboration

ClarifyingInterests

InformationCollection

ClarifyingInterests

InformationCollection

Sharing each other’s idea creation

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Info. CollectionInfo. Collection

Documents

SearchKey

User

Idea CreationIdea CreationSearch EngineSearch EngineKW Recom.KW Recom.

Supporting Idea Making with Keyword Recommendation

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●Keyword Recommendation so far:

Recommending Keywords based on the Information Provider’s Intention

↓Recommended Keywords: Chosen among the words that

Occur in many common documents as input keyword

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Problems in KW Recommendation from the Information Provider’s Side

Relation based on the co-occurrence is different from the one that will help the users in creating ideas for information finding

Information providers can put popularly used but unrelated keywords in their documents with the intention that their documents are searched as many times as possible.

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Choosing keywords among those used by other users ↓ Analyzing the records of the users’ search log-data and get the keywords for recommendation.

Points ： ･ The keywords used in searching documents reflect the searcher’s(user’s) intention. ･ Searching log is useful to find the relationship between the users and the keywords ．

●Our Approach to Keyword Recommendation

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Features ： ① Multiple-View Keyword Recommendation ： ー Able to select the viewpoints for recommendation ．

② Use of Data Automatically Generates New Data ： ー Avoids “Free-Riding” Problem ． ③ Applicable to User/Users Group Recommendation ： ー Collaborative Filtering ． ※Applied to an Information Retrieval System of Fujitsu.

検索ログを利用したキーワード推薦システム SASS(Searching Assistant with Social Selection)

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Records

Conditions

Results

SASS Screen

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●Multiple View

Group

User

Search Formula

Keyword

Group

User

Search Formula

Keyword

Common KW

Related KW

Similar User

Similar Group

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Summary

SASS (Searching Assistant with Social Selection)

– Keyword Recommendation based on the Record of the Users Ex-Searches ．

– Avoidable of Information Providers’ Tricks ．– Multi-View Recommendation ．

User Recommendation, Searching Behavior Analysis ．

Possibility of Tools for Personnel Division.

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Future Directions

Keyword Recommendation– Similarity Measure– Visualization– Collaboration with Search Engine

Analysis Tool of Searching Behavior– Searcher Profiling ．– Human Resource Management (Skill DB) for

Corporate Knowledge 　 Management ．

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Towards More Advanced Information Services

Assisting Information Retrieval/SearchKeyword Recommendation– Combining with Thesaurus

Thesaurus– 1. A book of synonyms, often including related and contrasti

ng words and antonyms.– 2. A book of selected words or concepts, such as a specializ

ed vocabulary of a particular field, as of medicine or music.– 1 分類語彙（ごい）辞典 , シソーラス .– 2　知識の宝庫 , 辞典 , 百科事典 .– 4　〔コンピュータ〕シソーラス , 類語辞書 .

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Keywords Recommendation Combination with Thesaurus

アルコール飲料　 UF 　酒類　 NT 　混成酒

• みりん• リキュール

醸造酒• 果実酒• ・ぶどう酒• ・りんご酒

　 BT 　飲料• 食品

発酵食品

JICST 科学技術用語シソーラス

“ 酒類”→“ アルコール飲料”

“ 酒類”Too Many Candidates

　→”混成酒“，”醸造酒“，　“蒸留酒”，“発泡酒”Too Few Candidates

　→”飲料“，”発酵食品“

UF: used for NT: narrower term BT: broader term

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KW 推薦に関する他の研究

Kawano: Overview of Mondou web search engine using text mining and information visualizing technologies, ICDL-Kyoto, 2000.

Takano et al.: Associative Information Access Using DualNAVI, ibid.

Kim: Developing a Domain-Specific Document Retrieval Mechanism, PKAW2000.

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G4: ネットワーク情報サービスAdvanced Network Services

G3 で出されたアイディアの中から１つ案を選び，それを実現させる方法の提案を行うChoose one idea among those presented in the G3 or the ones inspired from them. – 実現するために考えるべきテーマの列挙

List the topics to be considered.– それぞれのテーマに関する課題の列挙とその解決策

List the issues to be solved relating to each of the topics. Find out how to solve the issues.

重要な事： (What’s important?)案の完成度を上げるThink out the issues and make them practical as possible.– 内容の具体化 (Give shape to your ideas.)– 様々な観点からの実現可能性の検討 (Consider all things to be practical.)– 他のサービスとの差別化 (What are the advantages that differentiate your pla

n?)