1 Multi-Messenger approach in IceCube E. Resconi (Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg) LAUNCH, Heidelberg, March 2007 2 Multi-messenger Phase 1: Use cosmic rays + photons information HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !) Phase 2: Use cosmic rays + photons + neutrinos study hadronic interactions in astrophysical sites cosmic ray origin acceleration mechanisms Elisa Resconi CR 3 Multi-messenger Phase 1: Use cosmic rays + photons information HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !) Elisa Resconi On-going activities Future (realistic) prospectives CR 4 IceCube Observables Elisa Resconi Arrival time Incoming direction Estimated energy AMANDAAMANDA+IceCube ~ 5-7 nsec~ 3 nsec 2 - 3< 1 0.5 order of magnitude 5 Elisa Resconi IceCube Methods 1. The diffuse flux Proton luminosity Upper bound HE flux K. Mannheim, R.J. Protheroe, J. P. Rachen, Phys.Rev. D63 (2001) AMANDA-II 4 years Cosmic RaysNeutrinos IceCube 1 year W&B MPR Multi-messenger argument 6 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods 7 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) AMANDA-II: (1001 live days), 4282 from northern hemisphere 24h 0h 15 o 30 o 45 o 60 o 75 o No significant excess found IceCube Methods The IceCube coll., astro-ph/ , 8 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods Non-thermal activity Single source candidate Multi-messenger argument Active Galactic Nuclei Mkn 4216 / Mkn 5018 / ES / C2738 / M876 / Nr. Observed / Nr. expected Flux Upper Limit GeV cm -2 s sources pre-selected The IceCube coll., astro-ph/ 9 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods Non-thermal activity Single source candidate Multi-messenger argument X-ray Binary Systems SS4334 / LSI / Cyg X-18 / Cyg X-37 / Nr. Observed / Nr. expected Flux Upper Limit GeV cm -2 s -1 The IceCube coll., astro-ph/ sources pre-selected 10 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods 3C273 M. Ackermann, PhD Thesis AMANDA-II Limits, 1001 days 11 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Non-thermal activity Single source candidate Multi-messenger arguments Transient behavior Search for transient Variability in astrophysics: an old problem a plethora of methods IceCube Methods 12 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Phenomenology: selection of the proxy waveband(s) Statistics: light curve combination / interpretation Data Analysis: detection probability improvement IceCube Methods 13 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods Mkn 421 Mkn 501 1ES X- and -rays 3C273 Radio and X-rays Active Galactic Nuclei Phenomenology: selection of the proxy waveband(s) 14 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods SS433 LSI Cyg X-1 Cyg X-3 .. Radio Periodicity (multiwavelength) Selection of the proxy waveband(s) X-ray Binary Systems Phenomenology: selection of the proxy waveband(s) 15 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Statistics: light curve combination M. Tluczykont et al., JoP 60 (2007) IceCube Methods 16 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Statistics: light curve interpretation E.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) IceCube Methods Time Rate Maximum Likelihood Blocks: Light curve into time intervals in which count rate constant (with a specified confidence) Based on maximum-likelihood (iterative) 17 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Statistics: light curve interpretation E.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) IceCube Methods RXTE-ASM MLBs RXTE-PCA E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross 18 Elisa Resconi IceCube Methods Flares Errors related to the degree of extrapolation Less data, more extrapolation, bigger errors Non-gaussian shape (Mkn421, Mkn501, 1ES , PKS2155) Most-Probable-Value (MPV) as characteristic level IceCube Methods E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross 19 Elisa Resconi IceCube Methods Time windows of HE emission: neutrinos ?? 20 Good X- correlation orphan flare: difficult to be accommodated in leptonic models The hint: 1ES X-ray: ASM, PCA -ray: Whipple 21 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods Data Analysis: detection probability improvement P. Berghaus Preliminary 22 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods Next tests: Mkn501, 1997, AMANDA-B10 2005 2006, AMANDA-II 2007, AMANDA+IceCube23 23 Elisa Resconi 5. Future Prospective On-line Strategies Significant Neutrino Observation Neutrino Trigger of Multi-wavelength Campaign 24 Elisa Resconi 5. Future Prospective: prototype test Prototype-test already done! NToT (see E. Bernardini et al ) AMANDA MAGIC Alerts sent Reaction within one day 27th September to 27th November 2006 ( E. Bernardini et al., astro-ph/ ) 25 Elisa Resconi Future Prospective Large Field of View: ~2 High Duty Cycle (60-70%) Off-line efforts for optimal searches CR Multi-Messenger Arguments: CR energetic Multi-wavelength picture of non-thermal sources Models .. 26 Elisa Resconi Future Prospective Large Field of View: ~2 High Duty Cycle (60-70%) On-line efforts: go to phase 2 27 Elisa Resconi Perfect place to pursued this type of physics 28 Elisa Resconi 29 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods Multi-messenger argument The IceCube coll., astro-ph/