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Not So Strange Bedfellows:Information Standards For Librarians AND Publishers
November 6, 2015
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(Some) Standards and Related Organizations for the Information Community
• NISO = National Information Standards Organization (USA):• Membership organization representing all participants in the information
community (creators, publishers, aggregators, vendors, libraries, individual consumers)
• Identifies, develops, maintains, and publishes technical standards and recommended practices to support information retrieval, re-purposing, storage, metadata, and preservation
• KBART = NISO RP-9-2014
• http://www.niso.org
• ISO = Information Organization for Standardization):• Independent, non-governmental organization made up of members from the
national standards bodies of 162 countries.
• Has published nearly 20,000 International Standards in the areas of technology and business
• DOI = ISO 26324
• http://www.iso.org
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(Some) Standards and Related Organizations for the Information Community (continued)
• UKSG = UK Serials Group• Membership-based organization with members from all parts of the information
community (libraries, publishers, technology vendors, intermediaries).
• Works to facilitate efficient information (scholarly and professional) supply and communication
• Joint sponsor (with NISO) of KBART
• http://www.uksg.org
• IDPF = International Digital Publishing Forum• Global trade and standards organization dedicated to the development and
promotion of electronic publishing and content consumption.
• Promotes the development of electronic publishing applications and products that will benefit creators of content, makers of reading systems, and consumers.
• Develops and maintains the EPUB content publication standard
• http://idpf.org
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Library/Archive Patrons
Information Community Supply Chain (Web)
Content Creators, Publishers, Conversion
Vendors
Indexing Services, Content
Aggregators
Discovery Services
Libraries, Archives
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Why Formal Standards and Recommended Practices?
• Agreement by members of the information community to do things in a specified way in order to address a shared problem/issue/opportunity
• Standardization facilitates the work of all constituencies through consistency and uniformity
• Support interoperability among systems and efficient and effective exchange and use of information across organizations
• Provide shared foundation on which community can build solutions
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KBART
• KBART = Knowledge Base and Related Tools
• Joint NISO and UKSG initiative • NISO = National Information Standards Organization
• UKSG = UK Serials Group
• NISO RP-9-2014
• Recommended practice first released in 2010 (Phase I)• To support consistent and correct resolution of OpenURLs
• Guidance on the role and importance of accurate and timely metadata supply to link resolver knowledge bases
• Practical set of recommendations for metadata transfer
• Revised 2014 (Phase II)• Focuses on more granular, complex issues causing problems in metadata supply to
knowledge bases
• Provides educational and outreach opportunities for all stakeholders
• Delivery of centralized information portal
• http://www.niso.org/workrooms/kbart
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KBART – Publisher View
• KBART Phase I and Phase II provide guidance on:• Routes to providing higher quality data to Discovery Service partners and
customers
• Higher quality data drives effectiveness of discovering and accessing content
• KBART RP guidelines provides foundation for interoperability of key metadata elements between publishers, content aggregators and discovery service partners
• Publishers benefit from accurate linking to their content and subsequently the possibility of increased usage of their content • increased revenue and decreased operational costs
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KBART – Library View
• Libraries rely on accurate and consistent information from publishers, aggregators, and link resolver knowledge bases to manage holdings and coverage information for licensed resources
• Inaccurate knowledge base information leads to poor service and user frustration• Most users will just go somewhere else (Google …) if our discovery systems
say we have an article but access is denied
• Even if users report a problem, libraries do not have the staff to investigate large numbers of them and to manually update records
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DOI
• DOI = Digital Object Identifier• “digital identifier of an object”, not “identifier of a digital object”
• ISO 26324• ISO = International Organization for Standardization
• Registration and use of persistent interoperable identifiers, called DOIs, for use on digital networks
• Publishers collaborate with CrossRef, which maintains a database that keeps track of a current web address associated with each DOI
• DOI names permanently identify content
• If the URLs or services change over time, e.g., the resource moves, this same DOI will continue to resolve to the correct resources or services at their new locations
• Assigned through a federation of world-wide Registration Agencies (RA)
• https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:43506:en
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DOI – Publisher View
• DOIs are coupled with metadata, so they can be modified over time to keep track of the locations and characteristics of the objects they identify, both for publishers and libraries.
• Decreased operational costs:• Benefit from efficient management and accurate tracking.
• Increased ability to more easily automate processes
• Increased interoperability and collaboration across participants in information community
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DOI – Library View
• Use of the DOI facilitates discovery of the content even If the publisher or platform has changed over time
• Users can find articles quickly and easily without confronting old or broken links
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EPUB 3
• IDPF Standard• IDPF = International Digital Publishing Forum
• Current = EPUB 3.0.1
• Previous iterations include:- Open eBook Publication Structure (OEB) from 1999- EPUB 2 (2007 and 2010)
• Distribution and interchange format standard for digital publications and documents based on Web Standards
• Defines a means of representing, packaging, and encoding structured and semantically enhanced Web content for distribution in a single-file format
• Allows publishers to produce and send a single digital publication file through distribution and offers consumers interoperability between software/hardware for unencrypted “reflowable” digital books and other publications to suit the different display dimensions of mobile devices
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EPUB 3 – Publisher View
• Decreased operational costs:• Produce and send a single digital publication file through distribution
• Interoperability between software/hardware
• Reflowable digital books and other publications for all devices
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EPUB 3 – Library View
• Allows library users to read a book on disparate devices
• Easier viewing on mobile devices
• Display optimized for each device type
Contact Information
Betty Landesman, University of Baltimore
Marti Heyman, Gale/Cengage Learning
Landesman and Heyman are co-chairs of the NISO Content and Collection Management Topic Committee
