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Ongoing strategy of development and reconstruction of electricity sector of Tajikistan

Rafika MusaevaChairman of Association of Energy of Tajikistan

Republic of Tajikistan

Area - 143,1 km²

Population in millions – 7,2

Density of population - 47,5 per 1 km²

TajikistanTajikistan – – mountain country mountain country Glaciers cover 6% of the total country area and contain Glaciers cover 6% of the total country area and contain 550 cubic kilometers of water reserves.550 cubic kilometers of water reserves.

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Tajikistan possesses vast and unique reserves of Tajikistan possesses vast and unique reserves of hydro-power resourceshydro-power resources and occupies one of the first and occupies one of the first

places in the world on hydro resources. It was places in the world on hydro resources. It was identified the basic directions in energy sector’s identified the basic directions in energy sector’s

development strategy for countrydevelopment strategy for country..

- 85 place in the world on area

- 8th place in the world on absolute indicators of hydro resources, potential hydro power capacity of the country is 527 billion kWh - 1st place on per capita hydro resources (per person and per territorial unit)

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Today in Tajikistan is used only 5,5 % of all hydropower potential, the current capacity of the energy system

of Tajikistan is 5,090MW.

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The largest hydro power The largest hydro power plants in Tajikistan are: plants in Tajikistan are:

Nurek hydro power plant Nurek hydro power plant on Vakhsh river with a on Vakhsh river with a capacity 3,000MW and capacity 3,000MW and

annual electricity annual electricity production of more than production of more than

11.2 billion kWh11.2 billion kWh

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Baipasin hydro power plant with a capacity 600MW

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Sangtuda-1 hydro power plant with a capacity 670MW

Use of Hydro Energy Resources of Vakhsh River

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Vakhsh cascade built on Vakhsh River with a capacity 285MW

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Varzob cascade on Varzob River Varzob cascade on Varzob River with a capacity 25MWwith a capacity 25MW

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Kayrakkum hydro power plant on Syrdarya River with a capacity 126MW

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With purpose to provide electricity for

isolated mountain areas it were built more than 25 small HPP, with capacities 100-1500 KW

and more than 140 micro HPP with

capacity 5-100 KW

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In Tajik energy strategy, developed in beginnings of 80In Tajik energy strategy, developed in beginnings of 80 thth, was , was planned intensive development of energy sector of Tajikistan planned intensive development of energy sector of Tajikistan

based on building of new big HPPs. This program was based on building of new big HPPs. This program was supposed to provide putting in operation of new hydro power supposed to provide putting in operation of new hydro power

plants with capacity of 22400 MW, and with annual production plants with capacity of 22400 MW, and with annual production more than 86,8 billion KWH, that should be increased overall more than 86,8 billion KWH, that should be increased overall

capacity of Tajik energy sector on five time more. . capacity of Tajik energy sector on five time more. .

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Nowadays Tajik Government made significant efforts on development of existing hydro power resources, as way to cover internal electricity deficit as well as to increase electricity export. At the same time development of energy sector considered issues of rational energy use.

Tajikistan is considering that internal energy security cannot be reached by reducing of energy security of neighbor countries.

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Today’s efforts on building of hydro power facilities are directed on balancing of hydro and energy

problems and mobilization of internal resources for achieving of sustainability on whole territory of

Central Asia.

- The Government of the RT defined two priorities for the energy sector development: first – reformation of the internal energy sector of the country, second – export market orientation.

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Today in Tajikistan was created legal base for Today in Tajikistan was created legal base for energy sector development in transition, including energy sector development in transition, including

Energy law, Energy saving law, Water Code, Energy law, Energy saving law, Water Code, Renewable energy sources law, related legal norms Renewable energy sources law, related legal norms

in Tax Code and Civil Code and etc in Tax Code and Civil Code and etc

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Министерство энергетики Республики Таджикистан

Framework of Fuel and Energy Sector of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2003-2015 stipulates continued reconstruction and modernization of the main objects of the energy system, construction of new hydro power plants and further infrastructure development.

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The HPP modernization and The HPP modernization and rehabilitation projects stipulate increase rehabilitation projects stipulate increase

of capacity up to 10%, which would of capacity up to 10%, which would allow increasing installed capacity of allow increasing installed capacity of

HPP by 350-400 MW.HPP by 350-400 MW.

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Social protection programs or “reduced

tariff” were introduced in

Tajikistan to help those below the

poverty line pay the bills for consumed

electricity.

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In framework of middle-term In framework of middle-term development program development program (2006-201(2006-2012 2 ) )

planned completion of construction of planned completion of construction of large HPPs that were started in the 1990s: large HPPs that were started in the 1990s:

Rogunsk-1 HPP and Sangtuda-2 HPPRogunsk-1 HPP and Sangtuda-2 HPP

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Nowadays building of Sangtuda-2 HPP is in Nowadays building of Sangtuda-2 HPP is in the progress, operation of HPP will start from the progress, operation of HPP will start from

2011, the capacity of this HPP is 930 billion KWH.2011, the capacity of this HPP is 930 billion KWH.

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The construction of largest HPP - Rogun The construction of largest HPP - Rogun was started in the 1980swas started in the 1980s. . The capacity of The capacity of

Rogun HPP is 3600 MW, with 6 aggregates Rogun HPP is 3600 MW, with 6 aggregates per 600 MW each, and with annual per 600 MW each, and with annual

production production 13,4 13,4 billon KWHbillon KWH..

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With a modernization of existing HPPs, introduction Sangtuda-2 HPP and first line of Rogunsk HPP, the electricity production in Tajikistan will reach 26.4 billion kWh.

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98 % of annual energy supply in 98 % of annual energy supply in

Tajikistan is provided by hydro-electric Tajikistan is provided by hydro-electric sources, that depended from annual water sources, that depended from annual water content.content.With aim to reduce such dependence, With aim to reduce such dependence, nowadays Tajikistan develops new thermal nowadays Tajikistan develops new thermal power plants based on coal. power plants based on coal.

Developed technical statements for Thermal Power Plant (TPP) Dushanbe-2, Shurob TPP (300 MW) and Fan-Yagnob TPP (1500 MW).Building of TPP Dushanbe-2 was started on 2009 and planned year of operation start will be at 2011 ( 100 MW).

In 2014 Tajikistan, with completion of short-term development program, planned to solve problem with energy security.

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With aim to transfer electricity from new HPPs to areas of Tajikistan with energy

deficit and for further export of electricity surplus was developed a set of investment

projects on building new high-voltage transmission lines.

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In short-term period Pakistan and Afghanistan confirmed, that they may receive accordingly 1000 MW and 300 MW of electricity producing in Tajikistan.

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Construction of high-voltage-500kV line Construction of high-voltage-500kV line “South-North” “South-North” (Dushanbe-Khujand )(Dushanbe-Khujand )

lengthlength about - about - 263 263 kmkm. . Project cost - Project cost - 282 282 mlnmln.. USD USD Designed for transfer of electricity for north part of Designed for transfer of electricity for north part of countrycountry..Starting of operation: December 2009 Starting of operation: December 2009

Building started at September 15, 2006 Building started at September 15, 2006

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High-voltage-500kV line “South-North”

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Developing variants of building new Developing variants of building new transmissions line 500 kV Khujand-Datka transmissions line 500 kV Khujand-Datka

((KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan).).

Building of this line will allow to transfer of Building of this line will allow to transfer of Tajik electricity to energy deficit areas of South Tajik electricity to energy deficit areas of South

KazakhstanKazakhstan..

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High-voltage 500 kV High-voltage 500 kV line Dushanbe-line Dushanbe-Khujand-DatkaKhujand-Datka

High-voltage-500kV line

“South-North”

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In framework of developing CASA-1000 project In framework of developing CASA-1000 project today completing development of technical and today completing development of technical and economical statement of new high-voltage economical statement of new high-voltage transmission line Tajikistan- Afghanistan-Pakistan transmission line Tajikistan- Afghanistan-Pakistan The transmission line will follow The transmission line will follow ““RogunRogun – – SangtudaSangtuda – – KunduzKunduz – – Puli HumriPuli Humri – – KabulKabul - -PeshavarPeshavar".".

Length Length 750 750 kmkm..Project cost aboutProject cost about 450 450 mlnmln. . USDUSD

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In 2009 was started building of HVL 220 kV In 2009 was started building of HVL 220 kV “Sangtuda-Puli Humri”“Sangtuda-Puli Humri”

Operation starting date – November 2010 Operation starting date – November 2010

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Building of these HVLs have great Building of these HVLs have great importance for whole region, because of importance for whole region, because of clean and ecological significances of clean and ecological significances of hydropower energy hydropower energy

About 10 percent of Tajik population lives in isolated mountains areas with random water falls. Minimal density of population in those areas 2-3 people for 1 km2, that is why renewable energy sources (small rivers, solar and wind energy and etc) are more preferable in those areas.

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In February 2009 In February 2009 Government of Tajikistan Government of Tajikistan developed special Program developed special Program on providing of cheap on providing of cheap energy for isolated areas energy for isolated areas for period for period 2009- 2020.2009- 2020.

According program is According program is planned to build new planned to build new 189 189 small HPPs with capacity small HPPs with capacity 103.6 103.6 MWMW..

At the same time nowadays in Tajikistan is implementing the set of pilot projects on wind and solar energy

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Today special complex of measures Today special complex of measures promoted by Tajik Government on promoted by Tajik Government on energy saving and energy efficiency, energy saving and energy efficiency,

including degree of President of including degree of President of Tajikistan from April 24, 2009Tajikistan from April 24, 2009

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Unreasonably low tariffs are not conducive Unreasonably low tariffs are not conducive to sector development in Tajikistan.to sector development in Tajikistan.

With aim to raise self-sufficiency of energy With aim to raise self-sufficiency of energy sector Government of Tajikistan developed sector Government of Tajikistan developed

program on step by step raising of tariffs for program on step by step raising of tariffs for period of 2007-2010 with achieving of price period of 2007-2010 with achieving of price

level till level till 2,5 2,5 US cent per 1 KWhUS cent per 1 KWh. .

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Electricity tariffs Electricity tariffs

Separately tariffs for several Separately tariffs for several categoriescategories::

PopulationPopulation – 9 – 9 diramsdirams;; Industry Industry – 21,3 – 21,3 diramsdirams;;Commercial structures Commercial structures – 21.3 – 21.3 diramsdirams..(1 (1 USDUSD= 4 = 4 somonisomoni 41 41 dirams)dirams)

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Tajikistan strategy of development and reconstruction of energy sector directed on sustainable development of all sectors of economy, reducing poverty and increasing of wealth of population.

 

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Tashakuri ziod!Tashakuri ziod!Thanks for your Thanks for your attention! attention!