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Operational Operational Meteorology for Meteorology for Natural Disaster Natural Disaster Prevention and Prevention and
MitigationMitigationAlexander GusevAlexander Gusev
Acting President of the WMO CommissionActing President of the WMO Commission for Basic for Basic SystemsSystems
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Every year, disasters Every year, disasters caused by weather-, caused by weather-,
climate- and water-related climate- and water-related hazards impact hazards impact
communities around the communities around the world, leading to loss of world, leading to loss of
human life, destruction of human life, destruction of social and economic social and economic
infrastructure and infrastructure and degradation of ecosystems.degradation of ecosystems.
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Close to 90 Close to 90 %% of all natural disasters in the last 10 of all natural disasters in the last 10 years has been the result of hazards such as years has been the result of hazards such as
floods, droughts, tropical cyclones, floods, droughts, tropical cyclones, severe storms..severe storms....
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The presentation shows how The presentation shows how the WMO Operational the WMO Operational
meteorological systems, and meteorological systems, and in particular the in particular the World World
Weather WatchWeather Watch (WWW)(WWW),, provide support to Prevention provide support to Prevention
and Mitigation of Natural and Mitigation of Natural Disaster related to Weather, Disaster related to Weather,
Water and Climate. Water and Climate.
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WWW -WWW -what does it mean?what does it mean?
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The World Weather Watch The World Weather Watch consists of observing systems, consists of observing systems, telecommunication facilities, telecommunication facilities,
and data-processing and and data-processing and forecasting centres - owned and forecasting centres - owned and run by WMO Members countries run by WMO Members countries
- to generate and distribute - to generate and distribute meteorological and related meteorological and related geophysical geophysical observations, observations,
forecasts and early warningsforecasts and early warnings
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GOS - Global Global Observing
system
GTS - Global telecommunication
system
GDPFS – Data-Processing and
Forecasting system
World Weather Watch Basic Systems
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DATA COLLECTIO
N
GlobalObserving
System
GOS
DATA ANDPRODUCT
TRANSPORT
GlobalTelecommunication
System
GTS
PRODUCT GENERATIO
N
Global DataProcessing and
Forecasting System
GDFPS
DATA AND PRODUCT USERS
FLOW OF INFORMATION
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Data, forecasts, Data, forecasts, warnings are the warnings are the WWW outputs for WWW outputs for Natural Disaster Natural Disaster Prevention and Prevention and
MitigationMitigation
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Global Observing Global Observing SystemSystem
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SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEMSURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from land stations and ships on 5 January
2005 at 12 UTCTotal number of obs = 2869328693
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UPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMUPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from upper-air stations on 5 January
2005 at 12 UTCTotal number of obs = 569
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UPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMUPPER-AIR OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from aircraft on 5 January 2005 at 12 UTC
Total number of obs = 44582
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SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEMObservations from buoysTotal number of obs.=2880
05 Jan 2005, 12 UTC
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Other observation Other observation platformsplatforms
Doppler radars solar radiation
observations lightning detection
measurements tide-gauge
measurements
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Space segment of GOSSpace segment of GOS
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Global Global Telecommunication Telecommunication
SystemSystem
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The general structure of the The general structure of the Global telecommunication Global telecommunication
System (GTS)System (GTS)
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Vientiane
Ulaanbaatar
Baghdad
Doha
Kuwait
Bahrain
Dhaka
Yangon
Kathmandu
Kabul
Karachi
ColomboMale
Hanoi
Phnom Penh
PyongYang
Ashgabad
Macao
64K
Dushanbe
Almaty
NI
NI
NI
NI
Seoul
NI
NI
19.2-33.6K (V.34)
64K
19.2-33.6K V.34
2.4K
9.6K
64K
128K
9.6K
50
50
50
50
50
64K
100
200
1200
2.4K
64K
100
200
75
75
1200
75
50
100
7575
9.6K
Melbourne
Offenbach
Offenbach
Cairo
Cairo
Algiers
Moscow
Kuala Lumpur
Tashkent
Novosibirsk Khabarovsk
Bangkok
Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>
Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>
Melbourne
Washington
Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>
NI
NI 19.2-33.6K (V.34)
19.2-33.6K (V.34)
19.2-33.6K (V.34)
Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia)Current status as of December 2004
Bishkek
64K
2.4K
Singapore
9.6K
RTH in Region II
NMC in Region II
Centre in other region
MTN circuitRegional circuitInterregional circuitAdditional circuit
Non-IP linkIP link
NI No implementation
19.2-33.6K (V.34)
Tehran
Sanaa
200
Hong Kong
Moscow
NIFrame RelayCIR<32/32K>
Tokyo
Beijing
Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>
New Delhi
IMTN-MDCN CIR<32/768K>
IMTN-MDCNCIR<16/32K>
Manila
IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<48/48K>
Internet
Jeddah
Internet Internet
Internet
Muscat
Emirates
NI
Id V.34
Id V.34
64K
64K
64K
Internet
Washington
Internet
ISDN 128K
19.2-33.6K (V.34) 19.2-33.6K (V.34)Via Moscow
IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<48/48K>
19.2-33.6K (V.34)
Frame RelayCIR<16/16K>Internet
IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<16/16K>
IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<16/16K>
IMTN-MDCNFrame RelayCIR<16/8K>
CMA-VSATCMA-VSAT
CMA-VSAT
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Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region V (South-West Pacific)
Implementation of telecommunication systems via satellite and radiobroadcasts
Washington
Tokyo
Papeete
Honiara
Jakarta
Kuala Lumpur
ASMCSingapore
Manila
Brunei
RTH
NMC
Centre in other regions
MTN circuit
Regional circuit
Interregional circuit
Port Moresby
Fax
Fax
XII-2003
Fax
RSMCNadi
Port Vila
Apia
Honolulu
GMS DCPsGOES DCPs ISCS & EMWIN
ISCS
ISCS
Wallis Island
RSMCDarwin
ISCS
Countries with EMWIN receiversAmerican SamoaCook IslandsFijiFrench PolynesiaFS Micronesia FutunaGuamKiribatiMarshall IslandsNauruNew CaledoniaNew ZealandNiue PalauPapua New GuineaSamoaSolomon IslandsTokelauTongaTuvaluHawaiiVanuatuWallis Island
ISCS
ISCS
Exeter
Micronesia
Guam
SADIS
radio broadcast
Wellington
ISCS
ISCS
ISCS
Pago-Pago
ISCS
ISCS
ISCS
ISCS
ISCS
Satellite Systems
ISCS
Noumea
Melbourne
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WWW Data WWW Data ManagementManagement
provides specifications for data and metadata formats, including codes and exchange formats;
provides guidelines for the design of data bases for storage of observational data and products;
monitors WWW operations and quality control of basic data and output products;
develops standards in data representation, and operational procedures;
provides information to Members on the operation of the WWW system and develops methods to correct deficiencies promptly.
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Global Data Global Data Processing and Processing and
Forecasting SystemForecasting System
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World Meteorological Centres (WMCs)
MelbourneMelbourne MoscowMoscow
WashingtonWashington
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Regional Specialized Meteorological Centres (RSMCs)
Centres with geographical specialization: Algiers, Beijing, Brasilia,
Buenos Aires, Cairo, Dakar, Darwin, Exeter, Jeddah, Khabarovsk, Melbourne, Miami, Montreal, Moscow, Nairobi, New Delhi,
Novosibirsk, Offenbach, Pretoria, Rome, Tashkent, Tokyo, Tunis/Casablanca,
Washington, Wellington Centres with activity specialization for
the provision of transport model products for environmental emergency
response: Beijing, Exeter, Melbourne, Montreal, Obninsk, Tokyo, Toulouse
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National Meteorological National Meteorological Centres (NMCs)Centres (NMCs)
The NMCs prepare:The NMCs prepare: Nowcasts and very short-range forecasts;Nowcasts and very short-range forecasts;
Short-, medium-, extended- and long-range forecasts Short-, medium-, extended- and long-range forecasts based on products received from WMCs and based on products received from WMCs and
RSMCentres, or by integrating regional models using RSMCentres, or by integrating regional models using boundary conditions based on these products;boundary conditions based on these products;
Special application-user products, including warnings of Special application-user products, including warnings of severe weather, climate and environmental quality severe weather, climate and environmental quality
monitoring and prediction products;monitoring and prediction products; Specific products and their delivery in support of United Specific products and their delivery in support of United
Nations humanitarian missions;Nations humanitarian missions; Non-real-time climate-related analyses and diagnosisNon-real-time climate-related analyses and diagnosis
27
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RSMCs for tropical cyclone RSMCs for tropical cyclone forecastingforecasting
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The application of EPS-forecast technique to the calculation of
probabilities for the trajectory of tropical Cyclones
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WWW is advancing global capabilities for land- and space-based observing systems and is
playing a key role in the international initiative for
developing the Global Earth Observation
System of Systems (GEOSS).
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The World Weather Watch (WWW) system is a
crossroad of meteorological sciences and operational
technology, based on international cooperation,
where Information and Communication Technology
has a crucial role.
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Thank You !