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1
Origin Renewable Energy- Energy from Waste (EfW) Plant at
Magnetic Park, Desborough
Appraisal of Air Quality Impacts Associated with Stack Emissions
Chris Haigh – Technical Director
2
Air Quality Regulations 2010 - Definitions
“…outdoor air in the troposphere, excluding workplaces where members of the public do not have regular access.”
“Compliance with the limit values directed at the protection of human health does not need to be assessed at the following locations:any location situated within areas where members of the public do not have access and there is no fixed habitation;on factory premises or at industrial locations to which all relevant provisions concerning health and safety at work apply;on the carriageway of roads and on the central reservation of roads except where there is normally pedestrian access to the central reservation.”
5
What information is needed for the modelling?
Stack Source Information source type (point, line, area) pollutant emission rate
Receptor Information residential areas shops/offices recreational facilities ecologically-designated sites
Local Topography OS maps, aerial photographs and site visit
Local Meteorological Information
6
Weather Data
0
0
3
1.5
6
3.1
10
5.1
16
8.2
(knots)
(m/s)
Wind speed
0° 10°20°
30°
40°
50°
60°
70°
80°
90°
100°
110°
120°
130°
140°
150°160°
170°180°190°200°
210°
220°
230°
240°
250°
260°
270°
280°
290°
300°
310°
320°
330°340°
350°
100
200
300
400
500
600
Five years of data from RAF Wittering
Other Local Stations
•Monks Wood•Moulton Park
•Church Lawton•Market Bosworth •Sutton Bonnington
7
Predicted Impacts - Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Source Vs Objective
0.94
11.04 10.1 9.3
40
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
PC - EfW PEC Bkgrd -Netcen
Bkgrd - MktH'brough
AQO
Nit
rog
en
dio
xid
e c
on
cen
trati
on
(u
g m
-3)
8
Predicted Impacts – Energy from Waste (EfW)
NO2 concentration 0.4 – 0.6 g/m3
NO2 concentration 0.6-0.8 g/m3
Stack Location NO2 concentration 0.8 -1.0 g/m3
NO2 concentration 1.0-1.2 g/m3
9
Ultra Fine Particulate Matter – PM2.5
Particulate matter equal to or below 2.5 micrometers in aerodynamic diameter – 1/30th the width of a human hair
Manmade PM2.5 mainly from combustion sources
Health studies in USA have shown an association between ultra fine particulates and increased hospital admissions and even premature death
COMEAP indicates that 1 µg/m3 decrease in PM2.5 over a lifetime exposure of 80 years will gain an extra 1.5-3.5 days per individual
PM2.5 annual mean limit value/standard of 25 µg/m3 in the Air Quality Standards Regulations 2010 and Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe
PM2.5 annual mean value/standard of 20 µg/m3 by 2020 (to be reviewed by the European Commission in 2013)
10
Sources of Ultra fine Particulate Matter in the UK
Combustion in energy & transformation
Non-industrial combustion plants
Combustion in manufacturing
Production processes
Solvent use
Road transport
Other mobile sources & machinery
Waste treatment & disposal
Agriculture
Other sources & sinks
Total emission - 95,500 tonnes – 2005 - 83,210 tonnes – 2010
Combustion of all wastes - 500 tonnes – 2005(including small scale burning and vehicle fires)
11
Ultrafine Particulate Monitoring
PM10 November 2009
0
50
100
150
200
250
01
:00
14
:00
03
:00
16
:00
05
:00
18
:00
07
:00
20
:00
09
:00
22
:00
11
:00
24
:00
:00
13
:00
02
:00
15
:00
04
:00
17
:00
06
:00
19
:00
08
:00
21
:00
10
:00
23
:00
12
:00
01
:00
14
:00
03
:00
16
:00
05
:00
18
:00
07
:00
20
:00
09
:00
22
:00
11
:00
24
:00
:00
13
:00
02
:00
15
:00
04
:00
17
:00
Time
Me
as
ure
d C
on
ce
ntr
ati
on
Saturday 7 November
Thursday 5 November
12
Summary
Nitrogen Dioxide – NO2
Effects from the EfW on air quality in the area are considered to be negligible.
Magnetic Park EfW will contribute <3% of the air quality standard
Ultra fine Particulate Matter – PM2.5
Not possible to discern a level where there are no adverse effects
Annual mean concentration limit values and standards set an EU and UK level
Magnetic Park EfW will only contribute <0.1% of current limit value/standard
13
Pollutant Emission Rate
Components Concentration at EU limits (WID) - mg m-3 at reference
conditions
UK Average emissions as % of WID from currently operating plants
Typical emissions for an Energos plant - mg m-3 at reference conditions
(% of WID)
Dust 10 18.7% 0.2 (2.4%)
Hg 0.05 34.2% 0.00062 (1.2%)
Cd+Tl 0.05 1.0-3.4% 0.00005 (0.1%)
Sb 0.5 1.80% 0.0001 (0.1%)
As, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, V, Sn
0.5 0.2 – 8.4% 0.00394 (0.8%)
CO 50 22.2% 5.1 (10.2%)
TOC 10 6.1% 0.2 (2%)
HF 1 5.3% 0.02 (2%)
HCl 10 48.9% 2.8 (28.1%)
SO2 50 27.2% 29.0 (58.1%)
NOX200 75.3% 62.9 (31%)
NH3 10 - 0.3 (3%)
Dioxin/Furans (ng m-3) 0.1 30.9% 0.0053 (5.3%)
NH3- - 5.1