{1} - sikhworld.infosikhworld.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Mitr_Mandli.pdf · r Fkk ejh =kfV; k d fy, vi u l >ko r Fkk fopkj l e> voxr djk, ft l l s e vi uh =kfV; k dk i u% l

$Page 1: {1} - sikhworld.infosikhworld.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Mitr_Mandli.pdf · r Fkk ejh =kfV; k d fy, vi u l >ko r Fkk fopkj l e> voxr djk, ft l l s e vi uh =kfV; k dk i u% l$
{1}

{2}

vkeq[ k

bl h Øe esa l j nkj t l chj fl a?k t h }kj k fl D[ k i aFk , oa xqj er fl ¼kar ksa d hvfHkO; fDr t ul k/ kj. k d h l jy cksyh esa & ukV~; ' kSyh esa , d Vqd vkd f"kZr d j nsus okysd Fkkud d s : i esa , d l Qy i z; kl gS A

l e; i j è; ku u nsus d h ot g l s fl [ k l ekt d k vf/ d k¡' k Hkkx oSpkfjd r y i jvkt vkfRed , oa d kSe d h e; kZnk d s en~nsut j vfoosd i w.kZ t hou ; ki u d jus d ks foo' kgS A l ekt va/ fo' okl h d eZd k. Mksa i j vk/ kfj r R; kSgkjksa , oa jhfr &fjokt ksa d ks vk¡[ kehpd j vi ukus d h HksM+pky esa ' kkfey gS A

gekjs cqt qxks± us l qUnj l t ho vkpj . k gsr q] d bZ eku&n.M r ; fd ; s Fks ; Fkk &

ns[ k i j kbZvka paxhvka] ekoka] HkS. kka / hvka t k. kS AAml l wv j ml xkbd S] i j / u fganw eql yek. kS AA

(HkkbZ xqjnkl t h)

; Fkk

ft r q i hr S [ kl eq fol jS] nj xg feyS l t kb AA>wBk enq Hkwfy u i ht bZ] t sd k i kfj ol kb AA

( i "B ÿÿþ] e- 3)

; Fkk

i ku l qi kj h [ kkr hvk eqf[ k chM+hvk ykbZvk AAgfj gfj d ns u psfr vks t fe i d fM+ pykbZvk AA

( i "B ÷üö] e-4)

i jUr q vkt ?kksj v ' yhy , oa i znwf"kr okr koj . k esa vkd j gekj h ; qok i h<+h d kvf/ d ka' k Hkkx eku i zsj . kk d s Ï ksr ] bu ekud ks&eki n.Mksa l s fd ukjk d jus d h gksM+ esa yxkgqvk gS A og vi us foosd d ks ' kwU; d j vi us ekul i Vy ; kuh vi uh l ksp d ks d kSfM+; ksad s Hkko csp jgk gS A vFkkZr t gk¡ ml d h l ksp&d Yi uk d s i k=k xq: l kfgcku i zkphu

{3}

xqj fl [ k % nhnh ukud h] chch Hkkuh] ekr k xqt jh t h] ekbZ Hkkx d kSj] chch l ju d kSj] ckcknhi fl a?k t h] HkkbZ r k: fl a?k t h] pkj l kfgct +kns] i k¡p I; kj s] , oa v l a[ ; ' kghn fl [ kfL=k; k¡&i q: "k vkSj cPps gksus pkfg, Fks A ogh vkt d k xqj fl [ k i kxyi u d s gkW&gqYyM+ d schp nysj esganh] byk v: . k] gsekekfyuh , oa fl [ k l H; kpkj l s d ksl ksa nwj vf' k"V ukVdpsr d ksa d h d Bi qr yh cur k t k jgk gS A

vkt gekjs l e{k l kewfgd : i l s d kSe d h ekufl d r k nkWo i j yxh gqbZ gS & ml sd kSfM+; ksa d s Hkko fcd us fn; k t k, ; k fQj xq: l kfgc }kjk fufnZ"V uSfr d , oa pkfj f=kdvkpj . k i j <yus d ks ykykf; r d jus d s l EHkkfor i z; kl fd , t k, ¡] ; g , d pqukSr h gS Abl d r ZO; d h fu"Bk d k vkHkkl fy; s gq, HkkbZ t l chj fl a?k t h d h jpuk fe=k e. Myh*vkt gekjs l Eeq[ k gSA xqj d h d i k l s i qLr d esa , d =k gqbZ l kexzh , sl s <ax l s l kt &l okjd j l at ks; h gS fd (fo' ks"kd j) l Lr h ekufl d r k okys fl [ k ; qod&; qofr ; ksa i j ; g vi uhvfeV NkWi cukd j mul s ; g n<+l ad Yi ysus esa l {e gS fd os i qu% xqjefr fl ¼kar ksa i jpyus d s fy; s d ej d l ysa r kfd i zkphu fl [ kksa d k Lof. kZe bfr gkl i qu% l kd kj gks l d sA

; | fi i zLr qr jpuk esa of. kZr d Fkkud , oa ' kCnkoyh esa vkbZ okl uk* d h >yd d sd kj . k vkfRed i fFkd d s ; g xys uk mr js] r nkfi gesa bl l cd ks bl fy, l guk gksxkD; ksafd gekjs HkkbZ d ks ; g esgur vkè; kfRed r y i j t hou cl j d jus oky i jekfFkZ; ksa d svfr fjDr gekjs mu HkkbZ cguksa d s fy, fo' ks"kd j gS t ks cgql a[ ; d l ekt d h ped &/ed l s i zHkko esa vkd j xq: ukud d s cr k; s ekxZ l s HkVd pqd s gSa A pw¡fd bl i qLr d d kewy mn~ns' ; Hkh bUgha vFkks± esa fufgr gS fd gel s fcNqM+ pqd s gekjs HkkbZ&cgu vi uh : fpd s vuql kj bl d Fkkud l s vkuan ysr s gq, xqjer fl ¼kar ksa d h vHkwr i woZ t kud kjh ysd ji aFk d h eq[ ; / kjk esa ' kkfey gksa* A bl è; s; d h i wfr Z esa ; fn FkksM+h cgqr Hkh l Qyr k feysr ks l ksbZ gqbZ d kSae esa t kxfr ykus d k ; g QkewZyk gesa mRl kfgr d jsxk fd vkè; fRed vFkks±esa bl l s , d nt kZ Åi j d s l kfgR; d h l t uk , oa fod kl d k Øe t kjh jgs A

j . kchj fl a?kfe' kuj h uSuhr ky l d Zy

••••••••••••••••••••

{4}

Hkwfed k

i zLr qr mi U; kl d h d gkuh okLr o esa d gkuh ugha cfYd l Sfud t hou d k; FkkFkZ fp=k. k gS A Hkkj r h; l suk] bl ns' k d h l Pps vFkks± esa l Ei znk; fuj i s{kr Fkk {ks=kh; ; k i zknsf' kd okn& fookn l s Åi j j k"Vªh; , d r k d h i zr hd gS A bll anHkZ esa ; g] Hkkj r h; l Sfud ksa d h i zfr fnu d h t houp; kZ d h okLr fod >kad hi zLr qr d j r h gS r Fkk fofo/ r k d s i ' pkr ~ Hkh , d r k r Fkk l ei znkf; d fuj i s{kr kd h >yd i zLr qr d j r k gSA l Sfud t hou esa fofo/ r k d s d kj . k , d &nwl j s d sfo"k; esa t kuus d h ft Kkl k mRi Uu gks t kr h gS] fo' ks"kd j fl D[ kksa d s v fLr Ro]mud h fo' ks"k os' kHkw"kk r Fkk fofp=k j gu& l gu d s fo"k; esa t u l k/ kj . k d s euesa Hkk¡afr & Hkk¡afr d s i z' u mBr s gSa r Fkk l k/ kj . k yksx v i us i z' uksa d s mÙkjoSKkfud r Fkk l ar ks"kt ud <ax l s i zkIr d j v i uh mRl qd r k ' kkUr d j uk pkgr sgSa A vr % bl ¶fe=k eaMyh uked mi U; kl esa okLr fod l R; d Fkk i j vk/ kfj r d qN, sl s r F; i zLr qr fd ; s x; s gSa t ks j kspd r ks gSa gh bl d s l kFk Kkuo/ Zd Hkh gSa Abl mi U; kl esa v f/ d ka' k vknku& i znku fopkj ksa d k gh gS A

gks l d r k gS] fd l h LFkku i j esj s fopkj ksa l s xaHkhj er Hksn mRi Uu gks t k, ¡r Fkk ge , d nwl j s l s l ger u gksa A , sl h fLFkfr esa vki eq>s {kek d s i k=k l e>sar Fkk esj h =kqfV; ksa d s fy, v i us l q>ko r Fkk fopkj l s eq>s voxr d j k, ¡ ft l l seSa v i uh =kqfV; ksa d ks i qu% l q/ kj l d w¡ A

l a{ksi esa eSa ; g d g l d r k gw¡ fd i zLr qr mi U; kl Hkkj r h; l suk esa vusd r kesa , d r k d k i zr hd gS A

ys[ kdt l chj fl a?k

••••••••••••••••••••

{5}

d qN v i us fo"k; esa

esjk t Ue i s' kkoj uxj esa gqvk i jUr q ckY; d ky mÙkj i zns' k d s nsgjknwu uxj esa O; r hrgqvk A ; gk¡ i j eq>s i zkj fEHkd f' k{kk fgUnh esa feyh A ckn esa esjs fi r k t h us i at kch(xq: eq[ kh) d k Kku fnyokus d s fy, eq>s xq# ukud d kWyst esa i zos' k fnyok; k A ; gk¡ i jeSa vi uh vk; q d s fl [ k fo| kfFkZ; ksa d ks fl [ k bfr gkl l s yxHkx d ksjk i kr k Fkk t cfd eq>sfl [ k fl ¼kar ksa] fl [ k bfr gkl r Fkk xqjck. kh d k d kQh Kku Fkk A okLr o esa esjs ekr k&fi r kcgqr / kfeZd t kx: d r k j[ kr s Fks og eq>s ?kj i j vi us ' kghn i woZt ksa dh ohj xkFkk, ¡ i zfr fnujkr d ks l ksr s l e; l qukr s Fks A ft l l s esjk vcks/ eu vkSj vf/ d ft Kkl k fy, Kku d h[ kkst esa jgr k A mu fnuksa xqj }kjs cgqr NksVs gksr s Fks i jUr q muesa i qLr d ky; cgqr cM+s gksr sFks A ft l d k ykHk mBkr s gq, esjh ekr k t h ogk¡ l s d qN , sfr gkfl d i ksfFk; k¡ ykr ha ft Ugsaog ge cPpkssa d ks j kr d ks l ksus l s i gys i zfr fnu l qukr h ft l l s eq>s vi us xq: t uksa d sbfr gkl d k vPNk&[ kkl k Kku gks x; k i jUr q bl d s foi jhr eSa vi us l gi kfB; ksa esa bli zd kj d s Kku d k vHkko ns[ kr k r ks esjs eu esa d Hkh&d Hkh ; g fopkj mRi Uu gksr k fd ?kjd s okr koj. k l s r Fkk ekr k&fi r k d s t kx: d gksus d s d kj. k t ks Kku eq>s i zkIr gqvk gS og]t hou d s gj eksM+ i j r Fkk gj {k. k esjk ekxZ n' kZu d j r k gS A ; fn , sl k okr koj . k ; kt kx: d ekr k&fi r k eq>s u feys gksr s r ks esjh D; k n' kk gksr h \

t c esjk è; ku vi us l gi kfB; ksa i j d sfUnzr gksr k r ks eSa vuqHko d j r k fd os d soyJ¼ko' k i jEi jkxr fl [ k gSa A okLr o esa fl [ k fl ¼kar ] xq: ok. kh r Fkk bfr gkl l s os fcYd qyvufHkK gSa A vr % fcuk Kku] J¼k vèkwjh gS ft l l s mud k Hkfo"; va/ d kje; gS D; ksafdos FkksM+s l s cgd kos esa vkd j i r u d h vksj t k l d r s gSa A cl bl h i zd kj esjs fopkjksa d hnkSM+ pyr h jgr h r Fkk fQj l kspr k fd esjs l gi kBh fQj Hkh vPNh i fj fLFkfr esa gSa] D; ksafdmud h f' k{kk xq# ukud d kWyst esa gks jgh gS] ft l l s d qN u d qN okr koj . k d k mud s euefLr "d i j i zHkko cuk jgsxk i jUr q t ks fo| kFkhZ vU; Ld wy d kWyst ksa esa f' k{kk i zkIr d j jgsgSa r Fkk ft ud ks xqjeq[ kh v{kj Kku Hkh ugha] mud h D; k n' kk gksxh \ cl eq>s , d / qu l h

{6}

jgr h fd eSa fd l i zd kj vi us fe=kx. kksa r d ; g Kku d k Hk. Mkj i gq¡pk nw¡ A i jUr q fd li zd kj vkSj d Sl s \ cl ; gha l eL; k esjs l keus cuh jgr h A eSa vi uh i <+kbZ l ekIr d j ]; qokoLFkk esa i gq¡pr s gh l suk esa ukSd jh d jus yxk r ks ogk¡ i j Hkh eq>s yxus yxk fd i at kcl s vk; s fl [ k l Sfud ] fl [ k fl ¼kar ksa l s d ksjs gSa t cfd os fl [ k l aLd kj r Fkk xqjeq[ kh fyi h d kKku vo' ; j [ kr s Fks A t cfd nwl js i zns' kksa d s r Fkk vU; l Ei znk; ksa d s l Sfud ksa d s ân; esafl [ k l aLd kj ] fl ¼kar r Fkk xq: fl [ kh d s fo"k; esa Kku i zkIr d jus d h r hoz ykyl k ns[ kus d ksfeyr h Fkh i jUr q og d Hkh ' kkUr u gksr h D; ksafd vf/ d ka' k fl [ k l Sfud Lo; a vKkuh r Fkk=kqfVi w.kZ t hou t hr s] ft l l s vU; l Sfudksa i j d ksbZ vPNk i zHkko u i M+r k A ; g l c ns[ kd jesjk eu f[ kUu gks mBr k r Fkk v' kkUr jgr k A bl i zd kj eu esa , d nnZ fy, eSa d ksbZ ; qfDrcukus d h l kspr k r kfd fl [ kh fl ¼kar ksa (xqjer fQykl Qh) d k i zpkj l jy , oa l qxe : i esat u l k/ kj . k r d d j l d w¡ ft l l s yksxksa dh ft Kkl k Hkh r Ir gks r Fkk J¼k ds l kFk Kku dkHkh l keat L; gksus i j mÙke t hou ft ; k t k l ds A r c eSaus vi us l gd ehZ l Sfud ksa d s l kFkgq, fopkj&foeZ' k dks fy[ kuk i zkjEHk d j fn; k t ks fd , d cgqr cM+h i qLr d d k : i / kj . kd j xbZ i jUr q / u d s vHkko d s d kj . k og i ka.Mqfyfi l e; i j i zd kf' kr u gks i kbZ A i jUr qvc ml d k l af{kIr : i vki d s l keus gS A

••••••••••••••••••••

{7}

fe=k e. Myhl hVh dh vkokt l qud j l Hkh l Sfud jksydky d s fy, Qkfyu gksr s gSa A goynkj est j

r Hkh l Hkh d ks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, l hñvksñ }kjk fn; s x, vkns' kksa d ks l qukr k gS ft uesa vktd qN fo' ks"k vkns' k Hkh gSa t ks d qN l Sfud ksa d h i nksUufr l s l Ecaf/ r gSa A

goynkj est j % l Hkh l Sfud ksa d ks i zl Uur k gksxh fd bl Lor U=kr k fnol i j vki esal s d qN t okuksa d h i nksUufr d s vkns' k fjd kMZ vkfQl us Hkst s gSa ft Ugsa 15 vxLr d h i jsMesa vksñl hñ l kfgc u; s jSad yxkd j l Eekfur d jsaxs A r n~i ' pkr mu t okuksa d s ukeksa d hl wph i zl kfj r d h t kr h gS vkSj Mkd foÙkj. k d s mi jkUr jksy d ky l ekIr gks t kr h gS A

foDVj % fot ; r qEgsa i zeks' ku d s fy, c/ kbZ gks A vr % vc r ks i kVhZ gks t k, A

fot ; % D; ksa ugha ! D; ksa ugha ! eSa vHkh d qN [ kkus i hus d k bRt +ke d j r k gw¡ A ogml h l e; oSV d SUVhu t kd j dqN O; at u ykr k gS vkSj ml h ds l kFk gh mud h egfQy t et kr h gS A ckjh&ckjh l Hkh fot ; d ks c/ kbZ nsr s gSa r Fkk nkor d k et +k ysr s gSa A

foDVj % bl ' kqHk vol j i j d qN ' kk; jh gks t k, A

t Qj % l cl s i gys eSa vki d ks , d ' ks; j l qukr k gw¡ &

¶l Sj d j ks] xqy' ku d h d j ks] ckt kj esa D; k j [ kk gS \

d Ry d j ks] fuxkg l s d j ks] r yokj esa D; k j [ kk gS \ ¸

l q[ knso % cgqr [ kwc] cgqr [ kwc A vc eSa Hkh r qEgsa , d ' ks; j l qukr k gw¡ &

¶[ kqnk egQwt + j [ ks bu r huksa cykvksa l s A

od hyksa l s] gd heksa l s vkSj i qfyl d h fuxkgksa l s A

t Qj % D; k ckr d gh ! et +k gh vk x; k A

vt hr % foDVj HkkbZ vc r qe d qN l qukvks u A

{8}

foDVj % eSa r qEgsa , d pqVd qyk l qukr k gw¡ & ¶, d ckj d qN fe=k , d jSLVksjSaV esad qN t yi ku d j us d s fy, x, A os , d est i j cSB x, i jUr q est Q' kZ i jBhd r j g u fVd h gksus d s d kj . k fgy j gh Fkh A r c mUgksaus osVj l s i wNk] ¶; gest fgy D; ksa j gh gS \ ¸ bl i j ml us mÙkj fn; k fd vki l s i gys ; gk¡ , d' kj kch vk; k Fkk ml l s est i j d qN ' kj kc d h cw¡nsa fxj xbZ Fkh cl r Hkh l s bl usMxexkuk ' kq: d j fn; k gS A l Hkh eqLd jkus yxr s gSa A

fot ; % vt hr HkS; k] vc vki d qN l quk; sa A

vt hr % , d i knjh vkSj , d xzaFkh (Kkuh t h) gj jkst i zkr %d ky , d cxhps esa l Sj gsr qt k; k d jr s Fks A os cxhps esa ?kwer s&?kwer s vd l j vki l esa fey t kr s Fks A , d fnu i knjh]Kkuh t h d ks d gus yxs] ¶Kkuh t h] esjh nk<+h d s d kj .k yksx eq>s Qknj&Qknj d gr s gSaAbl i j r qjUr Kkuh t h cksys] ¶cl ! Ekq>s r ks yksx xjSaM Qknj d gr s gSa A i knjh cksyk] ogd Sl s \ ¸ Kkuh t h us Li "V fd ; k t u l k/ kj . k eq>s ckck t h] ckck t h d gd j l Ecks/ ud j r s gSa ft l d k vFkZ gS fi r k d k fi r k* A D; ksafd nk<+h d s vfr fjDr esjs fl j i j d s' k HkhgSa A

vt hr % vc vor kj fl a?k t h r qEgkjh ckjh gS vr % vc vki d qN l quk; sa A

vor kj % , d ckj fnYyh esa l Hkh l Ei znk; ksa d s eqf[ k; ksa d ks , d / kfeZd l Eesyu esavi uk&vi uk i {k i zLr qr d jus d s fy, vkeaf=kr fd ; k x; k A vk; kst d ksa us l Hkh MSyhxsVld ks QLV d ykl d s jsyos i kl Hkst s gq, Fks A l Eesyu d s fy, Jhuxj l s , d ekSyoh] t Eewl s , d i f. Mr vkSj ver l j l s , d Kkuh t h pys A t c xkM+h t kya/ j esa i gq¡ph r ks r huksaegk' k; ksa d k esy , d gh jsyos cksxh esa gks x; k A os r huksa d qN l e; esa gh t ku x, fd osr huksa , d gh LFkku i j , d gh d k; Z d s fy, t k jgs gSa A ekSyoh t h vkSj Kkuh t h vki lesa cksys fd fnYyh esa t ks fMosV t c gksxh l ks gksxh i jUr q ml d s fl yfl ys esa i gys ; gh d qNxqQr xw d j ysa A i f.Mr t h Hkh mul s l ger gks x, vkSj d gus yxs pyks d qN fopkjksa d kvknku&i znku gks t k, A r c ekSyoh t h vi uh yEch nk<+h i j gkFk Qsj r s gq, cksys] ¶ns[ kksKkuh t h esjh nkM+h] D; k vYykgh uwj gS A bl i j Kkuh t h ekSyoh d s fl j l s d qyg Åi j

{9}

d j ] mud s fl j i j gkFk Qsj r s gq, cksys] ¶ekuk nk<+h vYykgh uwj gS i jUr q Åi j vYykgr kyk d k D; k d l wj gS \ ¸

Jo. k fl a?k % , d ckj Lor U=kr k fnol i j Ld wyh cPpksa us >.Mk ygjk; k vkSj feBkbZ[ kkbZ A t c d k; ZØe l ekIr gks x; k r ks , d fgUnw yM+d k cksyk >. Ms esa d sl jh jax gekjkgS A ; g l qud j fØ' pu yM+d k cksyk bl esa l Qsn jax gekjk gS A bl i j eqfLye yM+d k cksykgjk jax gekjk gS A os i kl [ kM+s fl [ k fo| kFkhZ l s i qNus yxs fd >. Ms esa r qEgkjk D; k gS \r c ml us r qjUr mÙkj fn; k fd >.Ms esa M.Mk gekjk gS A

vor kj % vki us r ks ckr et kd esa mM+k nh A i jUr q , sfr gkfl d l R; ; g gS fd d sl jhjax fl [ kksa }kjk >. Ms esa l fEefyr d jok; k x; k Fkk A ; g jax i gys l cl s uhps gqvk d jr kFkk i jUr q t c >. Ms d ks ykgkSj d s fd ys i j ygjkus d h ckr gqbZ r ks d ksbZ Hkh vkUnksyud kjhl keus ugha vk; k A bl i j ft Uukg l kfgc ekLVj r kjk fl a?k l s d gus yxs fd vki ; g d k; Zd j fn[ kk; s A ekLVj t h us mÙkj fn; k fd eSa ; g d k; Z Lo; a d j fn[ kkÅ¡xk A i jUr q ' kr Z; g gS fd d sl jh jax Åi j gksuk pkfg, A ft Uukg l kfgc r qjUr eku x; s fd gjk jax Åi jl s uhps d j nks A r c l s bl bfr gkfl d ?kVuk d s i ' pkr l nk d s fy; s d sl jh jax >.Ms esaÅi j eku fy; k x; k gS A

r Hkh [ kkus dk l e; gks t kr k gS egfQy l ekIr d j l Hkh [ kkuk [ kkus d s fy, MkbZfuaxgky esa pys t kr s gSa A

••••••••••••••••••••

fot ; % vt hr ; kj vkt r ks j fookj gS vkt Hkh r qe l qcg&l qcg ; g ykbZV vku d jd s fMLVcZ d j jgs gks] d ksbZ t +: jh d ke gS D; k \

vt hr % gk¡] vkt j fookj gS bl hfy, eq>s gj jkst + l s T; knk d ke gksr k gS A r qe t kur sgh gks eq>s Luku d jd s xq#}kjs t kuk gksr k gS A

{10}

fot ; % ; kj eu paxk r ks d BkSr h esa xaxk] ogk¡ D; k feysxk \ esj h eku r ks blI; kjh&I; kjh uhan d s et +s ys yks A

foDVj % vjs bl s t kus Hkh nks] ogk¡ d ksbZ fr r yh ' kk; n bl d k bUr t +kj d j jgh gksxhA

vt hr % fcYyh d ks pqgkssa d s l i us] r qEgkjk r ks l kspus d k vUnkt + gh , sl k gS bl fy, gjd ke esas r Fkk gj , d esa r qEgsa cqjkbZ fn[ kr h gS A

t Qj % gk¡ ; kj r w Bhd d gr k gS A , d i aFk nks d kt _ euksjat u d k euksjat u vkSji qU; d k i qU; A

fot ; % vjs ; kj ] D; ksa ckr sa cukr k gS \ D; k] efUnj ] xq#}kjksa d h vkM+ esa vkt d yb' d ugha yM+k, t kr s \

vt hr % i k¡pksa maxfy; k¡ , d t Sl h ugha gksr ha A eSa r ks ; g t kur k gw¡] , sl h i zofr d s yksxl qcg d s l e; l ks; s jgr s gSa A nwl jh vksj ft ud k var %d j . k ' kq¼ gS] os gh l qcg mBus d ki z; Ru d j i kr s gSa A bl fy, l Ur egkRek yksxksa us bZ' oj d s fpar u r Fkk euu d s fy, l qcgd s l e; d ks l oZJs"B ekuk gS A

foDVj % fxj t k ?kjksa] eafnjksa r Fkk xq#}kjksa esa gksr k D; k gS \ cl ; gh u] / eZ d sBsd snkj bUl ku d ks bUl ku d s fo: ¼ HkM+d kr s gSa vkSj bUl kfu; r d k [ kwu d jokr s gSa A

vt hr % i gyh ckr r ks bl l e; l c bZ"; kZyq i zofr okys / eZ d s Bsd snkj l ks jgs gSa] nwl jseSaus ogk¡ d ksbZ jkt uhfr d Hkk"k. k ugha l quuk] D; ksafd l Sfud xq#}kjs esa bl d k i z' u gh ughamBr k A eSaus r ks d soy] ogk¡ i j xq: ok. kh l quuh gS ft l esa] eq>s vkt r d ; gh l quus d ksfeyk gS %

¶ukud uke p<+nh d yk] r sj s Hkk. ks l j cr d k Hkyk AA

(v j nkl )

; Fkk

{11}

¶v ofy v y g uw# mi kbv k] d qnj fr d s l Hk cans AA, d uwj r s l Hkq t xq mi ft ; k] d mu Hkys d ks eans AA

( i "B ûýþù)

; Fkk

¶uk d ks cSjh ukgh fcxkuk]l xy l afx ge d ks cfu vkbZ AA ( i "B ûüùù)

foDVj % vxj , sl k gS] r ks ; g / eZ ds uke i j >xM+s D; ksa \ , d nwl js l s uQjr D; ksa\

vt hr % eq>s r ks xq#¼kjk , d Ld wy d h Hkk¡fr ekywe gqvk gS A t Sl s , d fo| ky; esa], d d {kk d s cgqr l s fo| kkFkhZ , d gh l e; esa , d gh t Sl h f' k{kk i kr s gSa] i jUr q fo| kFkhZvi uh&vi uh ; ksX; r k d s vuql kj i jh{kk esa vad i zkIr d jr s gSa A vè; ki d ksa ; k fo| ky; d ksbl ckr d k nks"k ugha fn; k t k l d r k fd Qyk¡&Qyk¡ fo| kFkhZ D; ksa Qsy gks x; k ; k og dghnknkfxjh d j r k fQj r k gSS A , sl k fo| kFkhZ d h vi uh ekufl d fLFkfr i j fuHkZj gS A bl d sfoi jhr ogk¡ d s fo| kFkhZ] l ekt esa vknj d h Hkkouk l s ns[ ks t kr s gSa A , sl s gh xq#}kjs esa t kr sr ks gSa cgqr yksx] i jUr q gj , d d h ekufl d fLFkfr , d t Sl h ugha gksr h A

fot ; % i j fpUr u euu] ge ; gk¡ cSBd j Hkh r ks d j l d r s gSa A

vt hr % ; g ckr r ks Bhd gS fd ; g l c ; gk¡ fd ; k t k l d r k gS] vkSj eSa gj j kst +d j r k Hkh gw¡ A i jUr q l Ir kg esa eq>s , d gh NqV~Vh gksr h gS vkSj eSa bl d k l nqi ; ksx d jukpkgr k gw¡ A esjk er yc ; g gS fd eSa xq#}kjs vFkkZr vi us xq# d s njokt +s i j t kd j l k/&l axr esa l fEefyr gks l d w¡ A

t Qj % ; g l k/ &l axr D; k pht + gS \

vt hr % l k/ &l axr d h i fjHkk"kk ; g gS µ l k/ &l axr vl y esa , sl s O; fDr ; ksa d kl ewg gS] t gk¡ eu d ks , d kxz d j ] ' kq¼ d jus d s fy, i zHkq d h vkjk/ uk ; k ml d s xq. kksa d hO; k[ ; k d h t kr h gS A

t Qj % bl l s fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k d ks D; k ykHk gks l d r k gS \

vt hr % gekjh i jEi jk fo' ks"k d s vuql kj l k/ &l axr d s n' kZu gh xq# d s n' kZu gSa Al k/ &l axr d h l sok gh xq# d h l sok gS A

foDVj % l k/ &l axr d ks br uk egÙo D; kas fn; k x; k gS \

vt hr % vjs HkkbZ] vaxzst +h d h , d d gkor gS u] fd cPpk bUl ku d k cki gksr k gSAcl Bhd bl h i zd kj l k/ &l axr xq# d k nwl jk : i gksr h gS A

t Qj % esjh ; g l e> esa ugha vkr k fd vYykg d h t xg vki yksx xq# d ks D; ksa br ukegÙo nsr s gks \ t gk¡ vYykg d h bcknr d juh gksr h gS ogk¡ xq# d h bcknr d h t kr h gSA

vt hr % eSa r sjh ckr d k mÙkj l ar d chj t h d h , d jpuk l s nsr k gw¡ µ

xq# xksfcan nksm [ kM+s d g d s ykxw i k¡o AAcfygkj h xq# vki us ft u xksfcan fn; ks feyk; AA

(d chj )

mi j ksDr jpuk (nksgk) Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa l ad fyr ugha gS A bl d s vfr fjDrxq: ok. kh d s d qN vkSj mnkgj . k Hkh gSa t ks bl ckr d ks Li "V d jr s gSa µ

cfygkj h xqj vki . ks fnmgkM+h l n okj AAft fu ek. kl r s nsor s d h, d j r u ykxh okj AAûAA

( i "B þöü)

; Fkk

t s l m pank mxofg l wj t pM+fg gt kj AA, sr s pku. k gqfnvka xqj fcuq ?kksj va/ kj AAüAA

( i "B þöý)

{13}

; Fkk

fcuq l fr xqj fd uS u i kbvks]fcuq l fr xqj fd uS u i kbvk AAl fr xqj fofp vki q j f[ kvksuq]d fj i j xVq vkf[ k l q. kkbvk AA

( i "B þöö)

gesa l oZi zFke fd l h i w. kZ i q: "k d s mi ns' kksa i j v i uk t hou ; ki u d juk pkfg, AD; ksafd ogha l k/ kj . k ekuo l s Å¡ps vkpkj . k okyk cuk nsr k gS A ft l i zd kj , d c<+bZ , dl k/ kj . k yd M+h d ks bekjr h l kexzh (QuhZpj ) esa cny nsr k gS ; k , d f' kYi d kj , d l k/kj . k i RFkj d ks ewfr Z esa r Fkk , d Lo.kZd kj l ksus dh Myh@NM+ d ks , d l qUnj vkHkw"k.k esa cnynsr k gS A bl h r jg l r xq: euq"; d s t hou d ks fu; eo¼ d j d s ml s mPp vkfRedvoLFkk okyk cuk nsr k gS A

okLr o esa ge l Hkh t kur s ; k l e>r s gS fd gekjk O; fDr xr t hou cgqewY; mPpvkn' kks± i j vk/ kfj r gksuk pkfg, A egki q: "kksa us Lo; a bu i j pyd j ; s vkn' kZ LFkkfi r fd ; sgSa A os gekjs i zsj . kk Ï ksr vkSj ekxZn' kZd gSa A ft ud s i nfpUgksa i j pyus l s gekjk vkpj . ko O; ogkj mÙke cur k gS A

foDVj % xq#}kjs esa xq# d kSu gSa \ r Fkk os d gk¡ fojkt eku gksr s gSa \

vt hr % xq#}kjs esa gh ugha] cfYd gj t xg i j gh fl [ kksa d s fy, xq#] Jh xq# xzaFkl kfgc gSa A

foDVj % xq# xzaFk r ks , d / kfeZd i qLr d gS] t Sl s gekjh ckbZcy A og xq# d Sl s gks xbZ\xq# r ks O; fDr fo' ks"k d ks gksuk pkfg, \

vt hr % Kku i zkIr d jus d k eq[ ; d sUnz efLr "d gh gS A ml r d Kku i gq¡pkus d sfy, fd l h Hkh ekè; e ; k l zksr d k i z; ksx d jsa ml l s d ksbZ vUr j ugha i M+r k] Hkys gh og

{14}

O; fDr fo' ks"k gks ; k i qLr d vFkok d ksbZ / kfeZd xzaFk A vr % vè; kfRed Kku d s fy, Jhxq# xzaFk l kfgc* d ks gh i w. kZ xq# ekuk x; k gS A fl D[ kksa d s nl osa xq#] xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t hus bl egku xzaFk d ks xq#&xn~nh nh r Fkk vkns' k t kjh fd ; k fd vc l s ; gh egku xzaFkmud h t xg xq# gksxsa A okLr o essa ml egku xzaFk esa cgqr l s l ar ksa r Fkk HkDr ksa d h jpuk, agSa ft Ugsas i k¡pos xq#] xq# vt qZu nso t h us l ad fyr fd ; k Fkk A

fot ; % xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa fd u&fd u egki q: "kksa d h jpuk, a gSa \

vt hr % fl D[ k xq# l kfgcku ds vykok l wQh Qdhj Qjhn t h] dchj t h] j fonkl t h]/ Uuk t h] l èkuk t h] f=kykspu t h] ukenso t h] jkekuUn] i jekuUn] t ; nso r Fkk d qNHkV~V d fo Hkh gSa A d qy feykd j 36 egki q: "kksa d h jpuk, a gSa A

foDVj % xq# xzaFk l s] gesa , d O; fDr fo' ks"k d h r jg Kku d Sl s i zkIr gksxk \

vt hr % xq# xzaFk l kfgc dh ok. kh l eLr ekuo l ekt dh vkè; kfRed vko' ; d r kvksad ks en~ns ut +j j [ kr s gq, ] cgqr l s czãKkuh egki q: "kksa } kj k j ph xbZ] ok. kh gS A ; gt u&l k/ kj . k d h ft Kkl k , oa Hkze fuokj . k d jus esa l {ke gS A xq#}kjk] i jes' oj d kxq.k&xku d jus d k LFkku gS A vr % bl i kou LFky i j Jksr kx. k (ft Ugsa vker kSj i j l k/l axr * d gd j l acks/ u fd ; k t kr k gS) ogk¡ , d f=kr gksr s gS l e; , oa e; kZnk l s d hr Zu(xq#ok. kh xk; u) d j r s gSa , oa j kxh ( t ks l qj r ky i j xqjok. kh d k xk; u d j r s gSa)Ar Ri ' pkr l Hkh feyd j vjnkl vFkkZr i zkFkZuk d jr s gS fQj xzaFkh t h (xq# xzaFk l kfgc d sot +hj) xq# xzaFk l kfgc t h d k mi ns' k (gqDe) l qukr s gSA ft l s okd * d gk t kr k gS A ; g]gj fl D[ k d ks ml fnu d s fy, mi ns' k gksr k gS] ft l i j pyus d h i zsj . kk ml s feyr h gS Axq# ok. kh d ks t u l k/ kj . k r d i gq¡pkus d s fy, , d fo' ks"k i z. kkyh gS A og] bl i zd kj gS]t c Jksr kx. k xq# ok. kh l quus gsr q xq#}kjs esa , d f=kr gksr s gSa A ml l e; Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgcd h ok. kh d k dhr Zu fd ; k t kr k gS A bu yksxksa dks jkxh ' kCn l s bl fy, l acks/ u fd ; k t kr kgS fd Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh d qN fo' ks"k jkxksa i j gh xk; ha t kr h gS A r Ri ' pkr vjnkld h t kr h gS r Fkk ml d s i ' pkr ~ xzaFkh t h }kjk Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d k okd ; k gqDe fy; kt kr k gS ; k ; w¡ d fg; s fd xq# l s ckr sa d h t kr h gSa A cl ; gh d eZ gh xq# d h ok. kh }kjk gesa

{15}

mi ns' k nsr k gS r Fkk ; gh okd xq# d k gqDe d gykr k gS A J¼kyqvksa d ks bl h mi ns' k i j ]vi us fnu d s d ke d jus d h i zsj . kk nh t kr h gS A

fot ; % ; fn fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k d ks xq# ekuk t k, r ks D; k gkfu gS \

vt hr % vl y esa Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d s l kFk , d fo' ks"k ' kCn t qM+k gqvk gS A og gSl r ~* ft l d k l k/ kj. kr % vFkZ gS l R; (l nk jgus okyk) vFkkZr l r xq: µ og i q: "k] ft l d ksczãKku d h i zkfIr gks pqd h gks A vc vki i qNsaxs fd czãKku D; k gS \ r ks l qfu, ------ ogO; fDr ft l us d ke] Øks/ ] yksHk] eksg r Fkk vgad kj t Sl h i zofÙk; ksa i j fu; U=k.k d j fy; k gksog czãKkuh d gykr k gS] bl d ks nwl js ' kCnksa esa d g l d r s gSa fd i zHkq r Fkk , sl s O; fDr esad ksbZ Hksn ugha gksr k A cl , sl s O; fDr d ks gh xq# d s : i esa / kj . k d juk pkfg, ] i jUr q vc, sl k O; fDr ] bl l al kj esa l gt esa fey i kuk vl EHko gh gS A ; fn , sl k O; fDr fey Hkh t k,r ks gekjs i kl , sl h vk¡[ ksa ugha gSa fd ge ml egki q: "k d ks i gpku i k; sa A t cfd , sl s egkuO; fDr d Hkh Hkh vi us vki d ks i zd V gh ugha d j r s A bl fy, l r xq: d h i zkfIr ] fd l hO; fDr fo' ks"k d s : i esa d juh gh fujFkZd gS A

fot ; % r ks fQj ft u y ksxksa us fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k d ks xq#/ kj . k fd ; k gS] D; k og x+yr gS \

vt hr % og O; fDr ft l d ks czãKku d h i zkfIr ugha gqbZ gS ; k ft l d h r i L; k ml d ksi kjczã i jes' oj d s l kFk vHksn d jus esa l Qy ugha gqbZ] ml esa d ksbZ d eh vo' ; gS ft l l sog t ul k/ kj . k d ks i zHkq l s ugha feyk l d r k] D; ksafd og Loa; gh i zHkq dk l k{kkRdkj ugha d ji k; k A bl fy, , sl s O; fDr d ks xq# d h l aKk ugha nh t k l d r h A t ks vkè; kfRed Kku d hd l kSVh i j i wjk ugha mr j r k A bl d s foi jhr Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa cgqr l s czãKkuhegki q: "kksa d s vkè; kfRed Kku d h ok. kh gS t ks fd t u l k/ kj. k ds l a' k; fuor d j l d r hgS r Fkk gjsd nf"V l s] gjsd d l kSVh i j [ kjh mr jr h gS A ewy ckr ; g gS fd fl D[ k / eZesa ' kCn* d ks gh xq# ekuk t kr k gS A ; Fkk & ¶ck. kh xq: ] xq: gS ck. kh fofp ck. khvafezr q l kj s vFkkZr ok. kh (xq# i jes' oj }kjk mPpkfj r fd ; s x; s mi ns' k ; k i zHkq mi ek) t ksl e; d ky l s i js gS l eLr voxq.kksa t Sl s d ke] Øks/ ] yksHk] eksg] vgad kj vkfn i j fu; U=k.kd jus esa l {ke gS] ogh gekjh xq# gS A

{16}

r Hkh , d usi kyh yM+d k pk; fy, cSjd esa , d vksj l s i zos' k d jr k gS A

cgknqj % l kfgc pk; ] eSa vki d s fy, xekZ&xeZ cSM Vh yk; k gw¡ A

foDVj % vkt br uh nsjh D; ksa d j nh \

cgknqj % l kfgc vkt j fookj gS A eSaus l kspk vki nsj l s mBsaxs A

vt hr % eSa r ks yxHkx r S; kj gks x; k gw¡ A vc eSa xq#}kjs pyr k gw¡ A

fot ; % ; kj vxj FkksM+h nsj bUr t +kj d j l d ks r ks eSa Hkh r sjs l kFk pyr k gw¡ A

vt hr % D; ksa ugha] cl t Ynh l s r S; kj gks t k eSa vHkh cwV i kfy' k d j r k gw¡ A

d qN l e; i ' pkr ~~] og nksuksa vi uh ; wfuV d s ckgj l M+d i j cl d k bUr t +kj d jr sgSa A

fot ; % eq>s] Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh l e> d Sl s vk, xh \

vt hr % okLr o esa] Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh t u&l k/ kj . k dh Hkk"kk esa gS] Jh xq#xzaFk l kfgc esa ft u egki q: "kksa d h ok. kh vafd r gS] mUgksaus ml l e; mud s vkl & i kll kekft d cqjkbZ; ksa d ks l Eeq[ k j [ kd j l ekt d s fy, ] ogk¡ d h i zknsf' kd Hkk"kkvksa esa mi ns' kfn; s Fks t ks fd t u&l k/ kj . k d h Hkk"kk gS A Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa] cgqr l h ok. kh i zknsf' kdHkk"kkvksa ds vfr fjDr vjch] Qkj l h] mnwZ] l aLdr ] czt ] vo/ h r Fkk i at kch esa Hkh vafd r gSaA

d qN l e; d s i ' pkr ~~] nksuksa fe=k cl }kjk LFkkuh; l Sfud &xq#}kjk d s l keus i gq¡pt kr s gSa r Fkk xq#}kjk esa i zos' k d j Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d ks ' kh' k >qd kd j vi uk&vi uk LFkkuxzg.k d jr s gSa A Bhd ml h l e; d hr Zuh t RFkk nwl js ' kCn d k mPpkj . k d j r k gS µ

gfj d ks ukeq l nk l q[ knkbZ AAt kd ks fl efj v t keyq m/ fj vks xfud k gw xfr i kbZ AA

(egyk ù] i "B ûúúø)

{17}

bl ' kCn d s r qjUr ckn vjnkl (i zkFkZuk) gksr h gS ml d s i ' pkr ~ xzaFkh t h fuEufyf[ kr' kCn Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc t h l s gqDe d s : i eas Qjekr s gSa µ

¶d kgs j s cu [ kkst u t kbZ Al j c fuokl h l nk vysi k r ksgh l afx l ekbZ AAûAA j gkmAi qgi ef/ ft m ckl q cl r q gS eqd jekfg t Sl s NkbZ AAr Sl s gh gfj cl s fujUr fj ?kV gh [ kkst gq HkkbZ AAûAAckgfj Hkhr fj , sd ks t kugq bgq xqj fxvkuq cr kbZ AA

t u ukud fcuq vki k phuS feVS u Hkze d h d kbZ AAüAA

(e%ù] i "B öøþ)

r ni ' pkr ~ xzaFkh t h bl ' kCn d h O; k[ ; k d jr s gq, cr kr s gSa fd vi us Hkxr t uksa d ksl Ecks/ u d jr s gq, xq#nso d gr s gSa fd gs bUl ku i zHkq i zkfIr d s fy, r q>s l U; kl ysd j ouksa; k t axyksa eas HkVd us d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha A D; ksafd i zHkq t axyksa esa ugha] r sjs vUr %d j. keas gS A ft l i zd kj ex d h ukHkh eas d Lr wjh gS A i jUr q og ml d h l qxU/ t axyksa eas [ kkst r kfQjr k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj i zHkq d k fuokl gekjs vUr %d j. k eas gS A cl ml i zHkq d ks vi usgh Hkhr j [ kkst uk gS A ; g d k; Z xgLFk vkJe esa Hkh gks l d r k gS A i jUr q i zHkq i zkfIr d sfy, l k/ &l axr r Fkk l r xq: d s cr k; s Kku l s i zsj . kk ysuh vi fjgk; Z (essential) gS A

bl d s i ' pkr ~ d M+kg&i zl kn ck¡Vk t kr k gS vkSj ?kks"k. kk d h t kr h gS fd fd l h J¼kyq}kjk pk; ] i wjh r Fkk Nksys bR; kfn d k i zcU/ fd ; k x; k gS A og Hkh vki yaxj : i eas xzg. kd jsa A

vt hr r Fkk fot ; nksuksa i zl kn ysd j ] vi us&vi us t wr s i gu vi uh ; wfuV d h r jQpy nsr s gSa A

jkLr s esa - - -

fot ; % eq>s r ks] xq# ok. kh yxHkx Hkt uksa t Sl h gh i zr hr gqbZz gS A

vt hr % okLr o esa xq: ok. kh esa i kjczã i jes' oj d s vusd i ; kZ; okph ukeksa esa os uke

{18}

Hkh i z; ksx esa yk; s x; s gSa t ksfd Hkt uksa esa fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k vFkok fd l h egki q: "k d s fy,i z; ksx fd ; s t kr s gSa A i jUr q Hkt u] d ksbZ Hkh d fo d Yi uk r Fkk vuqeku d s v/ kj i jfy[ kr k gS A t cfd xq: ok. kh mu egki q: "kksa }kjk j fpr jpuk, ¡ gSa] ft ud ks i zHkq d kl k{kkRd kj i zkIr gqvk gS vkSj ft Ugksaus vi us vuqHko (Kku) d ks] t ks d soy l R; i j vk/kfj r gS] fy[ kk gS A vr % d fo; ksa d h jpukvksa d ks ge d Pph ok. kh d gr s gSa D; ksafd muesad gha u d gha =kqfV d h l ¡Hkkouk fufgr gksr h gS A t cfd xq: ok. kh l oZekuh; l R; gS vFkkZrl koZHkkSfed , oa l oZd kfyd l R; gS A

jkLr s esa nksuksa fe=k ckr ksa eas O; Lr ] pyr s jgr s gSa A br us esa mud h ; wfuV d k eq[ ; }kjl keus vk t kr k gS r Fkk nksuksa fe=k vi uh cSjd ksa esa i zos' k d j r s gSa A

foDVj % r qe nksuksa us cgqr nsj d j nh A r qEgkjs fy, pk; j [ kh gS A

fot ; % geus r ks pk; r Fkk [ kkuk Hkh [ kk fy; k gS A

foDVj % og d gk¡ l s \

fot ; % xq#}kjs] vkt r ks d M+kg i zl kn d s i ' pkr ~ Nksys&i wjh r Fkk pk; d k yaxj FkkA

t Qj % pyks vPNk gh gqvk] r qe vk x, A vc r qe d ks fl usek d h fVd V ysus d sfy, i gys gh Hkst nsaxs A

fot ; % vkt d kSu&d kSu l h fi Dpj yxh gqbZ gS \

foDVj % fpukj esa r ks ¶ukud nqf[ kvk l c l al kj ¸ gS A ckd h ' kgj d s fo"k; eas t Qjd ks ekywe gksxk A

t Qj % ' kgj ugha t kuk gS A , d r ks] ogk¡ d k gky nwj gSA nwl jk] vPNk Hkh ugha gSAr hl jk] j fookj d ks ogk¡ fVd V d gk¡ feyr s gSa A pkSFkk] vi us fMQSal gky d s eqd kcys fVd VHkh cgqr Å¡ps nkeksa d s gSa A

{19}

fot ; % Bhd gS] vki yksx [ kkuk [ kk yks A eSa gh i gys t kd j fVd V ysd j j [ kr kgw¡ A

vt hr % fpukj r d t kus ds fy, xkM+h d k cUnkscLr fd ; k gS \

foDVj % , sMe l kfgc us xkM+h nsus ds fy, , e-Vh-vks- dks cksyk gS A

vt hr % fi Nyh ckj ou&Vu esa ge T; knk yksx gksus d s d kj . k dkQh i js' kku gq, FksAbl ckj Fkzh Vu ekaxks A

t ÝQj % eSa , e-Vh-vks- l kfgc l s ' kfDr eku xkM+h nsus d s fy, d gr k gw¡ A

([ kkuk [ kkus d s i ' pkr ~~ l Hkh fe=k ' kfDr eku xkM+h }kjk fMQSUl fi Dpj gky fpukj*esa i gq¡pr s gSa r Fkk fot ; }kjk i gys l s [ kjhns x; s fVd Vksa }kjk gky esa i zos' k d jr s gSa A d qNgh nsj esa fi Dpj i zkjEHk gks t kr h gS r Fkk l Hkh fi Dpj d k vkuan ysr s gSa A eè; kar j esa pk;bR; kfn d s fy, d qN yksx gky l s ckgj t kr s gSa A i jUr q foDVj d s ân; esa bl fo' ks"kfQYe d h i "BHkwfe i j r jg&r jg d s i z' u mBr s gSa A)

foDVj % HkkbZ l q[ knso fl a?k] bl fQYe d h d gkuh d s i zkjaHk eas fn[ kk; k x; k gS fd , dfi r k vi us , d i q=k d ks fl D[ k cukr k gS r Fkk nwl js d ks ugha A D; k ; g ckr gd hd r l sesy [ kkr h gS \ , sl k d ksbZ mnkgj . k bl i at kch l ekt esa gS Hkh ; k ; g fl QZ , d fQYehd gkuh ek=k gh gS \

l q[ knso % Lor a=kr k l s i gys ; g l k/ kj . k ?kVuk ek=k gh Fkh A fo' ks"kd j i f' peh i at kcr Fkk ÝzÚ.Vh; j i zkUr esa okLr o esa ml l e; d ksbZ HksnHkko u gqvk d j r k Fkk A yksx J¼ko' kvi uk , d csVk xq# d s pj . kksa esa v£i r d jr s Fks r Fkk xq# d h d i k d s i k=k cuus gsr q gh , sl kfd ; k t kr k Fkk A

ml l e; fl D[ k vkSj fgUnq l eqnk; ksa esa T; knk HksnHkko u Fkk] yksx vi us d ks eqxyksa l svl qj f{kr l e>r s Fks bl fy, os xq# xksfcUn fl a?k }kjk pyk; h x; h l ar &fl i kgh d h i jEi jkesa vi uk&vi uk fgLl k Mkyus d s fy, gh , sl k d jr s Fks A vki d ks ; g t kud j vk' p; Z gksxkfd esjs fi r k t h d ks esjs nknk t h us fl D[ k cuk; k Fkk A

{20}

vt hr % l q[ knso HkkbZ] r qe d kQh gn r d Bhd d gr s gks A i jUr q okLr fod r k d qNvkSj Hkh gS A

l q[ knso % fQj r qe gh bl i j d qN i zd k' k Mkyks A

vt hr % ft u cqf¼t hfo; ksa us t xr xq# ckck ukud nso t h ds ØkfUr dkjh mi ns' kksa dkvè; ; u fd ; k mu l Hkh d ks ; g , sgl kl gqvk fd ; fn d ksbZ d Y; k. kd kjh ekxZ gS r ks xq#ukud nso t h }kjk n' kkZ; k ekxZ gh , d ek=k ekuo l ekt d s nq%[ k&dys' kksa d k uk' k d j , dvknZ' k l ekt d h l t uk d j l d r k gS ft l esa l eLr t u&ekul d ks t kr &i kr d sl ad qfpr Hkkoksa l s Åi j mBd j , d l w=k esa fi jks; k t k l d r k gS A vr % mUgksaus / hjs&/ hjs vi uh l ar ku d ks xq# ckck ukud t h d h / eZ fuj i s{k , oa ekuor koknh i jEi jk esa l Ei w.kZ: i l s ' kkfey gksd j fl D[ kh / kj . k d jokbZ A

d qN nsj ckn eè; kar j l ekIr gks t kr k gS A fQYe i qu% i zkjEHk gks t kr h gS A l Hkhvi uh / qu eas fQYe ns[ kus yxr s gSa] fQYe l ekIr gksus i j l Hkh yksx oki l vi uh ; wfuVd ks py nsr s gSa A

foDVj % i gys] ge d SaVhu t kd j pk; fi ; saxs A

t Qj % esjk Hkh fl j ] d qN Hkkjh gks jgk gS A eSa r ks pk; d s l kFk , sukl hu Hkh yw¡xk A

vt hr % vkt d h fQYe] vki yksxksa d ks d Sl h yxh \

t Qj % ; g fQYe ckEcs d h QkeZwyk fQYeksa l s d qN gVd j Fkh A

foDVj % vt hr fl a?k og ckr r ks chp eas gh jg xbZ A

vt hr % d kSu l h \

foDVj % ; gh fd fl D[ k] , d l Ei znk; d s vfr fjDr l ar &fl i kgh d h i jEi jk gksus d sukr s] , d l Sfud l axBu Hkh gS A

{21}

vt hr % t Sl s xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us d gk gS %

[ kkyl k vd ky i qj [ k d h QkSt AAi zxfV; ksa [ kkyl k i j ekr e d h ekSt AA

bl or kar d k l Eca/ l aor 1732 fcú ( l u~ 1675 bZú) d s i zkjEHk l s gSA eqxy l ezkVvkSjaxt +sc d s eu esa r c , d fopkj mRi Uu gqvk Fkk fd vxj og l eLr Hkkj r d h cgqerfgUnw t ur k d ks bLyke Lohd kj d jus d s fy, foo' k d j ns r ks ml d k l kezkT; d Hkh Hkhl ekIr ugha gksxkA vr % bl fopkj d ks l kd kj d jus d s fy, og cgqr l s mi k; l kspus yxkAy{; d h i zkfIr d s fy, ml us l oZ i zFke t ksj t +cjnLr h d h] r Fkk yksxksa d ks eqLyeku cukusd s fy, cgqr l s gFkd aMksa d k bLr seky fd ; k A QyLo: i d bZ LFkku i j fonzksg Hkh gqvk Aneu pØ esa cgqr l s l Sfud Hkh ekjs x; sA bl i j ml d s eaf=k; ksa us ml s i jke' kZ fn; k fdcy&i z; ksx l s i zkfIr ; ksa d s LFkku i j [ k+r js vf/ d gSa r Fkk i z; kst u d h l Qyr k esa ' kad k cuhjgr h gS A vr % ml s ; qfÙkÚ l s d ke ysuk pkfg, vkSj uhfr ; g cukbZ xbZ fd fgUnw l H; r kd s ewy l zksr d k' ehj d s fgUnw fo}kuksa r Fkk i f.Mr ksa d ks bLyke esa yk; k t k, A ; fn mu fo}kuyksxksa us bLyke / kj . k d j fy; k r ks mu d s vuq; k; h Lo; a gh eqLyeku gks t k, axs] ft l l s ogyEck t ksf[ ke Hkjk d k; Z cgqr l jyr k l s gy gks t k, xk A cl fQj D; k Fkk \ vkSjaxt +sc d svkns' k i j d k' ehj d s l wcsnkj (xouZj ) ' ksj vQ+xku [ kku us fgUnw i f. Mr ksa d ks eqLyekucukus d k vfHk; ku pyk fn; kA ft l l s Hk; Hkhr gksd j dqN i f.Mr ksa us , d l Hkk cqykbZ vkSjl ad V d s ml l e; ] d ksbZ mi k; fud kyus d h ; qfÙkÚ l kspus yxs] r kfd fd l h fof/ l s fgUnql Ei znk; d ks l qj f{kr fd ; k t k l d s A vUr esa os bl fu. kZ; i j i gqaps fd xq# ukud nso t hd s ukSosa mÙkjkf/ d kjh xq# r sx cgknqj t h d s i kl t kd j ; g i z' u j [ kk t k, ] D; ksafd mll e; ogh , d ek=k ekuor k d s i {k?kj Fks A vr % bl l eL; k d ks ysd j d k' ehjh i f. Mr ksad k , d i zfr fuf/ e.My i at kc esa vkuani qj l kfgc d s LFkku i j i gq¡pk A okLr o esa og d ksbZl jy l eL; k r ks Fkh ugha] bl fy, i zfr fuf/ e. My d h four h i j ukSosa xq#nso fopkj eXugks x, A r Hkh xq#nso d s 9 o"khZ; i q=k xksfcUn jk; t h njckj esa mi fLFkr gq, A t c mUgksausi zfr fnu d s foi jhr ] g"kZ&mYykl d s LFkku i j l ÂkVk r Fkk xEHkhj okr koj . k i k; k r ks ckyxksfcan jk; us vi us fi r k t h l s i z' u fd ; k A ¶fi r k t h] vkt D; k ckr gS] vki d s njckj

{22}

esa Hkt u d hr Zu d s LFkku i j ; g fpar uh; okr koj . k d Sl k \ xq#nso us ml l e; ckydxksfcUn jk; d ks Vkyus d k i z; Ru fd ; k vkSj d gk&¶i q=k ! r qe [ ksyus t kvksA vHkh r qEgkjk[ ksyus d k l e; gS A i jUr q xksfcUn jk; d gka ekuus okys FksA vi us i z' u d ks nksgjkr s gq,og d gus yxs&¶[ ksy r ks gksr k gh jgr k gSA eSa r ks cl br uk t kuuk pkgr k gw¡ fd ; gvt uch d kSu gSa\ r Fkk bu d s psgjksa i j mnkl h D; ksa \ ¸

xq#nso us mÙkj esa d gk] ¶; s yksx d k' ehj d s i f. Mr gSaA bu d k l Ei znk; l ad V esagS] ; s pkgr s gSa fd d ksbZ , sl k mi k; [ kkst fud kyk t k, ] ft l l s vkSjaxt +sc bu yksxksa d kseqLyeku cukus d k] vi uk vkns' k oki l ys ys A

xksfcUn j k; t h r c xq#nso l s i wNus yxs] ¶vki us fQj D; k l kspk gS \ ¸

xq#nso us d gk] ¶csVk , sl k r Hkh gks l d r k gS fd vkSjaxt +sc d h bl uhfr d s fojks/esa] d ksbZ egku gLr h vi uk cfynku ns] r ks bud k l ad V Vy t k, xk A

; g l qud j xksfcUn jk; t h cksys] ¶fQj nsj fd l ckr d h gS\ ; s i f.Mr ] t c vkid ks vi uk usr k eku d j vk; sa gSa] r ks vki bu d k usr Ro d jsa A

vi us uUgas l s csVs xksfcUn jk; d s eq[ k l s ; g ckr l qud j xq# r sx cgknqj t h vfri zl Â gq, r Fkk cksys] ¶csVk] r qe l s eqHkÚs ; gh vk' kk Fkh A cl ] eSa ; gh l quus d h i zr h{kk d jjgk Fkk A

xq#nso us r c d ' ehjh i f.Mr ksa d ks d gk fd ¶r qe cgk' kkg vkSjaxt +sc d ks fy[ k Hkst ksfd l oZi zFke og i gys xq# t h d ks bLyke esa ys vk, A r nqi jkar ge Lo; a gh bLyke d kd cwy d j ysaxs A cl fQj D; k Fkk] bl l ans' k d s i zkIr gksr s gh vkSjaxt +sc us xq#nso d ksfxjÝr kj d jus d k vkns' k t kjh d j fn; k A i jUr q xq# r sx cgknqj t h] bl l s i gys gh fnYyhd s fy, Lo; a i zLFkku d j pqd s Fks vkSj t u&l k/ kj . k d ks l kaRouk nsr s gq, vkxjk uxj r dfud y x, vkSj ogha i j gh mUgsa fxjÝr kj d j fy; k x; k vkSj fnYyh yk; k x; k A ml l e;mu d s l kFk dqN fudVor hZ f' k"; Hkh Fks] ft Ugsa Hkh l kFk gh fxjÝr kj d j fy; k x; k A ckd hyksxksa d ks] xq#nso t h us vkns' k fn; k fd os l c t u&l Ei d Z l s t kxfr ykus d s fy, i z; RuvkjEHk d j nsaA

{23}

vkSjaxt +sc us] xq#nso d s l e{k bLyke Lohd kj d jus d k i zLr ko j [ kk vkSj dgk fd ; fnos bLyke Lohd kj d j ysr s gSa r ks og Hkh mu d k eqjhn cu t k, xk] vU; Fkk og mud ks ' kghnd jok nsxk A bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us Qjek; k fd mud ks fd l h i zd kj d k Hk; ugha]D; ksafd ' kjhj r ks u' oj gS] ml d k D; k eksg \ eR; q r ks , d vVy l PpkbZ gS A vr % mud sfy, ; g l c , d [ ksy ek=k gS A vkSjaxt +sc us bl i j eqYykvksa d s l ax] xq#nso t h d h xks"Vhd k v; kst u fd ; k A d kt +h us ml xks"Vh esa dgk&t kfgj gS fd vki Hkh cqr &i wt ugha vkSj, d [ kqnk d ks gh ekuus okys gSa A fQj fgUnqvksa d k i {k ysus d k d kj . k D; k gS \ xq#nsous bl d s mÙkj esa d gk fd fgUnqvksa d k i {k ysus d h ckr ugha] ; g r ks d soy ekuor k d hr jQnkjh gS A vr % ' kkl d oxZ d ks i zt k d s O; fÙkÚxr t hou esa d ksbZ gLr {ksi ugha d jukpkfg, A d ksbZ jke t i s ; k jghe] bu ckr ksa l s i z' kkl u d ks d ksbZ l jksd kj ugha gksuk pkfg, A; fn ' kkl u O; oLFkk esa d ksbZ ck/ k Mkyr k gS r ks ogh O; fÙkÚ n.Muh; gS A i jUr q fcuk fd l hd kj . k] d soy vi us et +gch t uwu esa vkd j t ur k d k neu d juk mfpr ugha A bl fy,ml d k ; g vU; k; d eZ fuanuh; gSA i zd fr d ks ; fn , sl h ckr Lohd kj gksr h r ks] og fgUnqvksad s ; gka l Ur ku gh u i Snk d j r h A bl d s foi jhr eqLyekuksa d s ; gka gh l ar ku mRi u gksr hAbl i zd kj l Hkh vi us vki eql yeku gks t kr s vkSj ; g fu. kZ; vi us vki ykxw gks t kr k A

vkSjaxt +sc us xq#nso d ks Hk; Hkhr d jus d s fy, ] mu d s l ax d Sn r huksa fl D[ kksa (f' k"; ksa)HkkbZ er h nkl ] HkkbZ n; kyk t h vkSj HkkbZ l r h nkl d ks Øe' k% vkjs l s phj d j ] i kuh esa mckyd j r Fkk #bZ esa yi sV d j ft ank t yk d j ] ' kghn d j fn; k A i jUr q bu ?kVukvksa dk] xq#nsoi j d ksbZ i zHkko u gksr k ns[ kd j ] vkSjaxt +sc us mu d ks ' kghn d jus d h ?kks"k. kk d jok nh fdd y d ks fnu fud yus d s ckn pk¡nuh pkSd d s d q, ¡ d s i kl i hj&, &fgUn xq# r sx cgknqjl kfgc d k d Ry gksxk t ks ns[ kuk pkgr k gks ns[ ks A bl vkns' k d s l kFk gh fnYyh fLFkrfl D[ kksa esa gypy ep xbZ A

bu ?kVukvksaa d ks ns[ kr s gq, xq#nso d s Hkwfexr l sod ksa us xk¡o jd kc xat d s HkkbZ yD[ kh' kkg l s feyd j , d ; kst uk cukbZ fd xq#nso ds ' kghn gks t kus i j muds i kfFkZd ' kjhj dh l sokl EHkky r qjUr dh t k, A bl ; kst uk d s vuql kj mUgksaus , d fo' ks"k cSy xkM+h r S; kj d h A

{24}

ft l d s uhps , d l Unwd cuk; k x; k] ft l d k <Dd u Åi j l s [ kqyr k Fkk r Fkk HkkbZt Sr k uked fl [ k xq#nso d s ' kh' k d h l EHkky d jus d s fy, vyx l s fu; qDr fd ; k A

13 eX?kj] eX?kj l qnh i apeh l aor 1732 d s vuql kj 11 uoEcj 1675 bZ- d h d gj HkjhHkksj gqbZ A r c ' kkgh d kt h us vkd j d gk] ¶vHkh Hkh l ksp yks] oDr gS] nhu&eqgenhd cwy d j yks ojuk d Ry d j fn; s t kvksxs A xq# t h i zl Ur ki woZd HkfDr esa yhu jgs vkSjt i qt h l kfgc* d k Hkksx l Ei Uu d j mUgksaus vd ky i q#[ k d s è; ku esa xnZu >qd kbZ A

t kye~ t Yykn l Õ; n us r yokj d k okj fd ; k vkSj ' kh' k fxj r s gh i kl esa gh [ kM+s HkkbZ t sr kt h us mBk; k vkSj HkhM+ esa vkyksi gks x; k r Fkk l h/ k vkuUni qj l kfgc d h vksj py i M+k A blr jg ; k=kk d j r k gqvk og cky xq# xksfcUn jk; t h d s i kl t k i gq¡pk A

' kh' k d s yki r k gks t kus i j vkSjaxt +sc us ' kgj Hkj esa MkSaMh fi VokbZ fd ; fn d ksbZ xq#d k fl D[ k (f' k"; ) gS r ks mu d s ' kjhj d k vfUr e l aLd kj d jus d s fy, vkxs vk, A i jUr qvkSjaxt +sc d s Hk; d s d kj . k xq#nso d h vaR; sf"V fØ; k d s fy, Hkh yksx l keus ugha vk, Ai jUr q ; kst uk vuql kj ml h l e; HkkbZ yD[ kh ' kkg vi uh l Unwd okyh cSy xkfM+; ksa d s d kQysd s l kFk pk¡nuh pkSd l s xqt js t ks fd yky fd ys esa l jd kjh l keku NksM+ d j oki l ykSV jgsFks A i zd fr us Hkh mu d k l kFk fn; k] ml l e; ogka i j t ksjksa d h vk¡/ h pyus yxh Fkh Avk¡/ h d k ykHk mBkr s gq, mUgksaus xq#nso d s ' ko i j pknj Mkyd j >V l s mBk fy; k vkSjl anwd okyh cSy xkM+h esa Mkyd j Åi j l s <Dd u cUn d j ml i j pVkbZ fcNk nh Avk¡/ h d s d kj . k] ogka i j [ kM+s fl i kgh ' ko d ks mBkr s l e; fd l h d ks Hkh u ns[ k l d s vkSjd kfQyk cSyxkfM+; k¡ gk¡d r s gq, vkxs c<+ x; k A {k. k Hkj esa ' ko d s [ kks t kus i j l ar fj ; ksa uscgqr [ kkst chu d h i jUr q os vl Qy jgs A bl i zd kj HkkbZ yD[ kh ' kkg d k d kQyk xq#nsod s ' ko d ks xqIr : i l s ys t kus esa l Qy gks x; k A mu fl D[ kksa us r c xq#nso d s ' ko d ksvi us ?kj d s Hkhr j gh j [ kd j fpr k d ks vkx yxk nh r Fkk gYyk epk fn; k fd mu d s ?kjd ks vkx yx xbZ gS A bl i zd kj vkSjaxt +sc d s Hk; d s gksr s gq, Hkh xq# d s fl D[ kksa us xq#nsod k vfUr e l aLd kj ; qfÙkÚ l s] xqIr : i esa l Ei Â d j fn; k A (vkt d y ml LFkku i jjd kc xat uked xq#}kjk gS A)

{25}

t Sl s gh HkkbZ t Sr k t h xq#nso d k ' kh' k ysd j vkuani qj l kfgc i g¡qps] xq# xksfcUn jk; t hus mu d ks l Eekfur d jr s gq, vi us vkfyaxu esa ys fy; k vkSj vk' kh"k nsr s gq, d gk&¶ja?kjsVkxq# d k csVk !¸ bl vol j d ks è; ku esa j [ kr s gq, mUgksaus xq#r sx cgknqj l kfgc d s cfynkud ks ckn esa J¼kat yh v£i r d j r s gq, d gk Fkk %

Bhd j Qksj fnyhl fl j i zHkq i qj d h; ks i ; ku AAr sx cgknj l h fØ; k d j h u fd ugwa vku AAr sx cgknj d s pyr Hk; ks t xr esa l ksd AA

gS gS gS l Hk t x Hk; ks t S t S t S l qj yksd AA

xq# xksfcUn fl a?k

; Fkk

fr yd t ××kq j k[ kk i zHk r kd k AAd huks cMks d yw efg l kd k AA

xq# xksfcUn fl a?k

vFkkZr & ¶xq# r sx cgknqj t h us] bl d y; qx esa fr yd ] t uÅ d h j {kk gsr q vi uk' kjhj : i h Bhd jk fnYyh i fr vkSjaxt +sc d s fl j i j QksM+ fn; k gSA ft l d kj . k ekr yksd esayksx vk' p; Z esa gSa fd Ur q nso yksx esa bl v¼Hkqr ?kVuk i j mu d h Lr qfr gks jgh gSA D; ksafdbl i zd kj i j fgr d s fy, i gys fd l h us Hkh vi us i zk. kksa d h vkgqfr ugha nh Fkh A vr %t kx#d yksx mu d s fo; ksx esa ' kksd ugha d j jgs gSaA

xqIr : i esa d h xbZ mud h vaR; sf"V fØ; k r Fkk vkSjaxt +sc }kjk fi VkbZ MkSaMh d h ?kVukd h l wpuk] t c xq# xksfcUn jk; t h d ks feyh r ks mu d ks cgqr Xykfu gqbZ A vr % og d gmBs&ft u yksxksa d h j {kk gsr q fi r k t h us vi uk cfynku fn; k ogh yksx ogka i j ewd n' kZdcus jgs vkSj r ek' kk ns[ kr s jgs A mud s ' kghn gks t kus i j Hkh fd l h us l kgl d j mu d hvaR; sf"V Hkh ml h l e; Li "V : i esa ugha d h r Fkk fd l h us Hkh ' kkl d ksa d s fo#¼ jks"k i zd Vugha fd ; k A l e; vkus i j l c d s l c fl j fNi k d j Hkkx [ kM+s gq, A bl h d kj . k ekuor k

{26}

d s i {k/ j d k ' ko ogka i j i M+k jgkA Hkyk , sl s fl D[ kksa (f' k"; ksa) d h D; k vko' ; Dr k gS t ksi jh{kk d h ?kM+h vkus i j t ku cpkd j Hkkx [ kM+s gksa \ fl D[ k r ks ogh gS t ks l e; vkus i jvi us l hus i j gkFk / j d j d gs fd og xq#nso d k fl D[ k gS r Fkk mu d s , d l ad sr i jog vi uk r u] eu] / u U; kSNkoj d j l d r k gS A fl D[ k r ks , sl k gksuk pkfg, t ks yk[ kksaesa , d Hkh [ kM+k gks r ks og vi us U; kjs i u d s d kj . k Li "V vkSj fHkÂ fn[ kkbZ nsA

bl ?kVuk d s 23 o"kksZa i ' pkr ~~ xq# xksfcUn j k; t h us , d fo' kky t u l Hkk d kvk; kst u fd ; k r Fkk t ul Hkk d ks l acksf/ r gksr s gq, d gk fd xq# fi r k t h d h vkgqfr d smi jkar Hkh vkSjaxt +sc d h uhfr ; ksa esa d ksbZ fo' ks"k vUr j ugha vk; k A og vc Hkh ml h i zd kjt ur k i j vR; kpkj d j jgk gS A vr % ml vR; kpkjh ds l kFk ckr phr dk d ksbZ ykHk ughaAog ' kkfUr d h ckr ksa l s ekuus okyk ugha A bl fy, ml l s yksgk ysuk t : jh gS A vc] vkiyksx d ksbZ u; k mi k; l kspsa A d qN fo}ku yksxksa us r c , d er gksd j d gk fd l ezkV l syksgk ysuk d ksbZ l jy d k; Z ugha gS A bl d s fy, nSoh ' kfÙkÚ d h vko' ; Dr k gS A ml s mRi Âfd ; k t k, ] ; g d k; Z r Hkh l EHko gksxk A bl fopkj d ks l qud j xq# xksfcUn jk; t h d gusyxs] ¶eSa r ks vkRe&cy d ks gh okLr fod ' kfÙkÚ ekur k gw¡ A bl y{; d h i zkfIr d s fy,d soy , d r k d h vfr vko' ; d r k gS A ft l d s fy, vki yksxksa d ks ; gka cqyk; k x; k gS AfdUr q vkRe&fo' okl foghu i f.Mr muds r dZ dks ekuus dks r S; kj ugha gq, A mudh ekU; r kFkh fd nSoh ' kfÙkÚ d s fcuk ; q¼ d ks d Hkh Hkh t hr k ugha t k l d r k A vr % nSoh ' kfÙkÚ d hi zkfIr d s fy, gou r Fkk ; K d juk pkfg, A ft l d h d i k l s ; q¼ esa fot ; fuf' pr ghgksxh A bl ckr d h i zfr fØ; k esa xksfcUn jk; t h us d gk fd d eZ&d k.M esa fo' okl ughad juk pkfg, A bl pØO; wg esa l e; ] / u bR; kfn O; FkZ esa u"V d jus gksaxs] t c fd i zkfIrdh l EHkkouk esa ' kadk ds vfr fjÙkÚ dqN Hkh ugha A fdUr q i f.Mr yksx vi uh gB/ ehZ i j vM+sjgs A bl i j xq# xksfcUn jk; t h us d gk fd vc r ks y{; ] l Hkh d ks fo' okl esa ysd j d k; Zd jus d k gS A vr % gou d jus d h vuqefr , d ' kr Z i j gS fd vki nSoh ' kfÙkÚ i zd V d jfn[ kk, a A fQj D; k Fkk A vkuani qj l kfgc d s fud V , d NksVh l h i gkM+h i j gou d q. Md k fuekZ. k fd ; k x; k vkSj ogka i j yxHkx N% eghus gou gksr k jgk i jUr q d ksbZ nSoh ' kfDri zd V u gqbZ A xq#nso d s ckj&ckj i wNus i j Hkh] eq[ ; i f. Mr d s' ko nkl t h d ksbZ

{27}

l ar ks"kt ud mÙkj u ns l d s vkSj ml us d gk nSoh ' kfDr csVs d h cyh ekaxr h gS A t ks vkid k i je Lusgh gks] ml d h cyh nsa A i f. Mr ksa d k l ad sr ] xq#nso d s csVksa d h vksj Fkk A osl ksp jgs Fks fd xq#nso vi us csVksa d k r ks cfynku nsaxs ugha A vr % bl h cgkus nSoh ' kfDri zd V d jus d s pDd j l s NqVd kjk i k ysaxs A fd Ur q xq#nso us ml l e; i f.Mr d s' ko nklt h d ks vi uk i je Lusgh cr kr s gq, ' kfDr i zd V d jus gsr q cyh i j p<+ t kus d h ckr d gnh A , sl k l qur s gh i f. Mr t h y?kq ' kad k d k cgkuk cukd j ogka l s Hkkx [ kM+s gq, vkSj nwl jsi f.Mr Hkh / hjs&/ hjs ogk¡ l s f[ kl d x; s A gou d q.M d s i kl t c d ksbZ u jgk r ks xq#nsous t ks' k esa vkd j gou l kexzh d ks gou d q.M esa , d l kFk gh Qsad fn; k ft l l s nwj&nwj r dvkx d h yi Vs fn[ kkbZ nsus yxha A xq#nso Hkh gkFk esa uaxh d i k. k fy, ml i gkM+h l s uhpsmr j vk, ] r c uhps [ kM+s fl D[ kksa us xq#nso l s i z' u fd ; k A D; k nSoh ' kfDr i zd V gqbZ \bl i j xq#nso us d gk&; g ns[ kks esjs gkFk esa gh nSoh ' kfDr gS A bl r yokj d ks gh eSa j . kp.Mh d k uke nsr k gw¡ A ; g og egk' kfDr gS] t ks nq"Vksa d k uk' k d j r h gS A xq#nso us ml hfnu l s vi us fl D[ kksa (f' k"; ksa) d ks ; q¼ d s fy, r Ri j jgus d k vkns' k ns fn; k A

bl ?kVuk d s i ' pkr ~~ xq#nso us l aor 1756 foú r nuql kj (1699 bZú) cSl k[ kh d s fnu, d fo' kky t ul Hkk d k vk; kst u fd ; kA ft l esa vi us fl D[ kksa d s l e{k mUgksaus , d fofp=ki z' u j [ kk fd mUgsa , d fl D[ k ds ' kh' k (fl j ) d h vko' ; Dr k gS\ gS d ksbZ fl D[ k ! t ks mUgsavi uk fl j HksaV esa ns ns \ bl i z' u d ks l qur s gh l Hkk esa l ÂkVk Nk x; kA i jUr q xq#nso d snqckjk pqukSr h nsus i j n; kjke uke d k , d O; fÙkÚ t ks fd ykgkSj uxj d k fuokl h Fkk A mB[ kM+k gqvk vkSj cksyk] ¶gs xq#nso ! esjh vkoKk ekQ+ d juk eSaus nsj d j nh A esjk ; g fl jvki d k gh gS A eSa vki d ks ; g fl j HksaV esa nsd j vi uk t Ue l Qy d juk pkgr k gw¡ Ad I; k bl d ks Lohd kj d jsa A xq#nso us ml d ks ckt w l s i d M+k r Fkk [ khap d j , d fo' ks"kr Ecw esa ys x, A d qN {k. kksa esa gh ogka l s ogh [ kwu l s l uh gqbZ r yokj fy, gq, xq#nso ykSVvk, r Fkk i qu% vi us f' k"; ksa d ks yyd kjk fd gS d ksbZ nwl jk O; fDr ! t ks vi uk fl j HksaV esans l d s r Fkk bl r yokj d h I; kl cq>k ns A bl r jg bl n' ; d ks ns[ kd j cgqr l s yksxnqfo/ k esa myHkÚ x; s vkSj d kukQwl h d jus yxs A d ksbZ d gr k] ; g d k; Z xq#nso t h d kvk' p; Zt ud d ksr qd gS ! d ksbZ d gr k xq#nso d k ekufl d l ar qyu fcxM+ x; k gS ! i jUr q

{28}

ml h l e; njckj esa l s , d vkSj l kgl h O; fDr / eZ pUn mBk vkSj cksyk] ¶gs xq#nso ! eSa vkid h r yokj d h I; kl cqHkÚkus gsr q gkft +j gw¡ A ml d ks Hkh ml h i zd kj ] xq#nso] r Ecw esa ysx; s r Fkk i qu% [ kwu l s l uh r yokj fy, gq, ] f' k"; ksa d ks pqukSr h nh fd mUgsa , d vkSj fl j d hvko' ; Dr k gS A , sl s esa fgEer pUn uked , d ; qod mBk r Fkk ml us Hkh xq#nso d s l e{ki zkFkZuk d h fd ml dk fl j Hkh Lohdkj d jsaA ml d ks Hkh xq#nso vi us r Ecw esa ys x; s r Fkk i qu%ml h i zd kj oki l ykSV vk, vkSj fQj l s ogh i z' u njckj esa cSBs J¼kyqvksa d s l Eeq[ knksgjk; kA vc d h ckj eksgd e pUn uke dk O; fDr xq#nso ds l keus vk; k vkSj fou; dh fdog gkft +j gS A ml d ks Hkh l kFk ys t kus d s i ' pkr ~~ xq#nso fQj ykSVs vkSj cksys cl ! vHkhd soy , d fl j d h vkSj vko' ; Dr k gS A gS] d ksbZ t ks vi uk fl j HksaV esa ns\ vUr esa l kfgcpUn uked ; qod xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k vk; k r Fkk cksyk] ¶bl ukpht + d ks Hkh l sok d k vol jnhft , A ml d ks Hkh xq#nso vi us l kFk ys x, r Fkk r Ecw esa vkfn xq# xzUFk l kfgc* d hck. kh d k mPpkj. k d j l jc yksg d s cr Zu esa [ k.Ms l s ver r S; kj d jus yxsA yxHkx , d?k. Vs d s i ' pkr ~~ ogh ver xq#nso us vi us mu i je Lusgh J¼kyw fl D[ kksa d ks vkpkj l afgr k(Cod e of Cond uct ) d h pkj ' kr ks± i j vi uh l gefr O; Dr d jus i j Nd k; k vFkkZr/ kj . k d jk; k A r Hkh l s fl D[ kksa d ks i k¡p fo' ks"k fpUg / kj . k d jus d k vkns' k fn; kA ft Ugsai k¡p d dkj d gr s gSaA os i k¡p fpUg (dd kj) r Fkk pkj ' kr s± (jgr sa) fuEufyf[ kr ] bl i zdkjgSaA

pkj l w=kh d k; ZØe vFkok fl [ k vkpkj l afgr k d k ' ki Fk i =k ; k j gr sa ( t hou; ki u d k fu; e)

1- r Eckd w vkfn d k l sou ugha d jukA

2- i j ukjh ; k i j i q#"k xeu ugha d jukA

3- ' kjhj d s jkseksa (ckyksa) d ks Hkax ugha d juk ; k [ k. Mu ugha d jukA

4- >Vd k fof/ }kjk r S; kj ekal gh i z; ksx esa ykuk (vFkkZr gyky ekal d k i w. kZr % fu"ks/fd ; k) A

{29}

uksV %1) xqjefr fl ¼kar ksa vuql kj ekal d k l sou u d jus okys O; fDr (R; kxh) dks i zHkq feyuesa i zkFkfed r k i zkIr gS A

2) fl D[ k j fgr e; kZnk esa i z; ksx uked d ksbZ ' kCn vafd r ugha gS A

i k¡p fpUg ; k d d kj

1) d s' k] 2) nd M+k] 3) di k.k] 4) d a?kk vkSj 5) d NgjkA

bl i zd kj bu i k¡p fl D[ kksa (ft u d ks i k¡p I; kjs d k uke fn; k) d ks ver i ku d jokd j ] xq#nso] mUgsa njckj esa ml h l e; yk, r Fkk ?kks"k. kk d j nh fd os mud s fo' ks"k fl D[ k( i k¡p I; kjs) gSa A t ks fd d M+h i jh{kk esa i kl gq, gSa A bl fy, os Hkh bu d s l Eeq[ k i zkFkZukd j r s gSa fd os Hkh mUgsa ver i ku d jok, a A bl i j mu I; kj s fl D[ kksa ( f' k"; ksa) us cgqrfouezr k i woZd xq#nso d s pj . kksa esa four h d h fd gs xq#nso ! ; g dSl s l EHko gS \ vki t hr ks mud s xq# gSa vr % l sod ksa l s ver i ku d juk d Sl s gks l d r k gS \ i jUr q xq#nso us mUgsal eHkÚkr s gq, d gk&vki i k¡p i jes' oj d s : i esa mud s xq# gSaA bl fy, os Hkh vc mud sl sod (f' k"; ) gSa A mu i k¡pksa us r c d gk&Bhd gS ! i jUr q xq# nf{k. kk esa mUgksaus r ks vi usfl j HksaV esa fn; s gSaA vc os (xq#nso) D; k nsaxs \ bl i j xq#nso t h us d gk&vki d h ekaxmfpr gSA os nke r ks ns ugha l d r s D; ksafd ver vewY; fuf/ gS i jUr q HksaV ns l d r s gSa t ksfd vHkh m/ kj esa jgs A l e; vkus i j os Hkh vi uk l eLr i fjokj mu yksxksa i j xq# nh{kkd s cnys U; kSNkoj d j nsaxs A mu i k¡pksa us vc feyd j xq#nso t h d s fy, Hkh ml h i z. kkyh}kjk ver r S; kj fd ; k vkSj mud ks Hkh ver i ku d jk; k r Fkk mu d k uke d j . k i qu% fd ; kft l l s mu d k uke Hkh cny d j xksfcUn jk; l s xksfcUn fl a?k d j fn; k x; kA r Ri ' pkrxq#nso d s ckd h f' k"; ksa us Hkh xq# nh{kk ysus d s fy, i zkFkZuk d h r Fkk bl ubZ fof/ vuql kjver i ku fd ; kA ft l l s mu d h i gyh d qy] o. kZ] t kfr d k uk' k , oa ver i ku d j pqd si q#"kksa d s uke d s ckn fl a?k* , oa fL=k; ksa d s uke d s ckn d kSj* yxkuk vfuok; Z d j fn; kAbl ØkfUr d kjh d ne l s l ewph fl [ k d kSe esa vki l esa Hkzkr Ro Hkko d k l apkj gqvk A

fot ; % ; s t ks pkj l w=kh ' ki Fksa gSa A os fd l i zd kj l ar &fl i kgh i jEi jk d s nf"Vd ks. kd ks i zLr qr d j r h gSa \

{30}

vt hr % vki r ks t kur s gh gSa fd t ks O; fDr r Eckd w l sou d jr k gS og bl cqjh yrd k bl i zd kj vknh gks t kr k gs fd r Eckd w u feyus i j og NVi Vkr k gS r Fkk og vi uhgLr h d k è; ku u j [ kr s gq, ekewyh O; fDr d s vkxs Hkh gkFk i l kj d j r Eckd w l s cuh oLr qek¡xus i j et cwj gks t kr k gS A vkt d s oSKkfud ; qx eas Hkh j . k{ks=k eas cgqr l h , sl h ?kVuk, ¡gks t kr h gSa t Sl k fd fd l h , d {ks=k eas jkr d s l e; d qN l Sfud fl xzsV i h jgs Fks r Hkh ' k=kql suk us fl xzsV l qyxkus d h jks' kuh ns[ kr s gh] ogk¡ i j ce o"kkZ ' kq: d j nh A ft l l s fl xzsVi hus okyk l Sfud Lo; a r ks ejk gh] l kFk eas cgqr l s funkZs"k l Sfud ksa d ks Hkh ys Mwck vkSj vi usns' k d ks Hkh i jkt ; d h vksj ys x; k A oSl s vki CySd vkÅV d k egÙo r ks eq> l s vf/d t kur s gSa A

fot ; % vkt d s ; q¼ eas r ks ; g ckr Bhd gS i jUr q ml l e; bl d k D; k egRo Fkk\

vt hr % i zkphu d ky eas fl xzsV ds LFkku i j gqDd k gqvk d jr k Fkk t ksfd fl xzsV i Sfd Vl s cgqr cM+h oLr q gS] gka vki xksfjYyk ; q¼ d k egÙo Hkh t kur s gh gks A ml l e; eqxyl ezkV d s fo: ¼ yM+us d s fy, xksfjYyk ; q¼ gh , d ek=k ' kL=k Fkk A xksfjYyk ; q¼ yM+us okysl Sfud ; fn vi us l kFk gqDd k fy, fQjr s r ks D; k og ; q¼ yM+ l d r s Fks \ d nkfi ugha !bl fy, xq#nso us r Eckd w d s l sou d jus okys yksxksa d ks vi uh l ar &fl i kgh i jEi jk esal fEefyr gh ugha fd ; k A oSl s Hkh bl oSKkfud ; qx eas] bl cqjs u' ks i j cgqr l s MkDVjksaus] bl d s l sou l s gksus okyh gkfu; ksa i j cgqr l s ys[ k fy[ ks gSa A vkt r d r Eckd q d s u' ksl s fd l h d ks d ksbZ ykHk ugha gksr s ns[ kk x; k A ; g ' kkjhfjd ] ekufl d r Fkk vkfRed r huksai zd kj d h ' kfDr ; ksa d ks uk' k d j r k gS A nwl j k] ; g u' kk / u d k nq: i ; ksx d jokr k gS Ar hl jk] bl u' ks d h yr l s i hfM+r O; fDr d s eq¡g l s nqx±/ vkr h jgr h gS A pkSFkk] , sl s O; fDri znw"k. k r Fkk xanxh QSykr s jgr s gSa A i k¡pok] , sl s O; fDr ; ksa d h uknkuh l s Hkh"k. k vfXu d kaMgksr s jgr s gSa A

fot ; % og nwl jh ' ki Fk l w=k l Sfud d Sl s gSa \

vt hr % nwl jh ' ki Fk gS i jkbZ ukjh d s i kl ugha t kuk vFkkZr yaxksV d s i Dd s gksuk Avki yksx r ks t kur s gh gSa A ; q¼ esa t kl wl h d k cgqr cM+k egÙo gksr k gS A ' k=kq] t kl wl h

{31}

d s fy, ukfj ; ksa d k gh mi ; ksx d j r s gSa A ; g ukfj ; k¡ vi us : i t ky esa l Sfud ksa d ks Ql kysr h gSa r Fkk mul s >wBh fe=kr k esa gh l kjs Hksn t ku ysr h gSa A ft l l s ' k=kq fot ; h gks t kr kgS A t Sl s fd Hkkjr phu ; q¼ esa l u~ 1962 eas gqvk Fkk A bl d s vfr fjDr O; fDr ] i j ukjhxeu l s vkRefo' okl r Fkk ' kkjhfjd cy Hkh [ kks nsr k gS ft l l s O; fDr f' kfFkyr k d k vuqHkod jr k gS r Fkk ' kkjhfjd mÙkst uk [ kks nsr k gS t ks , d l Sfud esa gksuh vfr vko' ; d gS A ; gcgknqjksa d ks ' kksHkk Hkh ugha nsr k fd vkSjr ksa d s l kFk nqO; Zogkj d jsa vkSj mu i j cqjh uh; r j [ ksaA, sl s l Sfud ksa d ks oh-Mh- r Fkk , sM~l uked chekfj ; k¡ gks t kr h gS t ks fd v l k/ ; j ksx gS Ami jksDr nksuksa ' ki Fk d k egRo vkt d s l e; fd l r jg c<+ x; k gS fd fo' o LokLF;l axBu (WHO) okyksa us Hkh r Eckd w vkSj AIDS l s cpus d s fy, ; gha mi k; l q>k, gSaA

vc r hl jh ' ki Fk gS] fd l h i zd kj Hkh] ' kjhj d s fd l h jkse vFkok cky d ks Hkax ughad juk A bl l s vfHki zk; Fkk fd i zd fr us t ks ekuo d k okLr fod : i fn; k gS ml h d ks /kj . k d juk vFkkZr d ksbZ O; fDr chp l s ewaNs d kV nsr k gS r Fkk d ksbZ fl j i j pksVh j [ kd jl QkpV gks t kr k gS] i jUr q xq#nso dk d guk gS fd d qN Hkh u cud j bUl ku cukss] D; ksafdi zd fr us l Hkh i q: "kksa d ks nk<+h ewaNs r Fkk d s' k fn; s gSa A ; g i zd fr d k fu; e gS A i zd frd k fu; e d Hkh xyr ugha gks l d r k A ; fn nk<+h d s' kksa ; k ewaNksa d k [ kaMu d j r s gSa r ks mli zd fr d k vi eku d j r s gSa A ; fn i zd fr d k ; g fu; e Bhd u gksr k r ks og ukfj ; ksa d ksHkh ewaN nk<+h nsr h ; k ; w¡ d g l d r s gSa fd yxHkx 18 o"kZ (ckfyx) gksus i j gh i zd fr usekuo d ks okLr fod : i fn; k gS A ml d ks gh vi uk; k t k; s A xq#nso us cr k; k fd ewaNsohj r k d k i zr hd gSa A nk<+h nso xq. kksa d k i zr hd gS r Fkk d s' k l qUnj r k d s i zr hd gSa A vkir ks t kur s gh gSa l Ur ksa&egkRekvksa d s psgjs i j nk<+h ewaNs nSoh; vkHkk d ks i zd V d jr h gS A

fot ; % vjs HkbZ; k eSa r ks l Sfud nf"Vd ks. k l s bl d k egÙo i wN jgk Fkk \

vt hr % vki yksx r ks t kur s gh gSa fd Hkkj r d h jk"Vªh; i ks' kkd esa vkt r d i xM+hd k egÙo cuk gqvk gS A i zkphu d ky esa Hkkj r esa l Hkh l Ei znk; ksa d ks ekuus okys i xM+h ghck¡/ r s Fks A ft l i zd kj vkt Hkkj r h; l Sfud ksa d h onhZ eas Vksi h ; k i xM+h vfuok; Z vax gS ABhd ml l e; bTt +r nkj (gentleman) vkneh d s fy, i xM+h vfr vko' ; d oLr q

{32}

Fkh i jUr q d Hkh d ksbZ d s' k u gksus d s d kj . k i xM+h / kj . k ugha d j r k Fkk A bl fy, xq#nsous d s' kksa d ks Hkh vfr vko' ; d vax ekuk r kfd i xM+h t Sl h bTt +r okyh oLr q d ks gj l e;i guk t k; s A oSl s i xM+h vkSj bTt +r d k l EcU/ r ks] vki yksx t kur s gh gSa A okLr o esaxq#nso d h l ar &fl i kgh i jEi jk d k mís' ; gh Hkkj r h; l aLd fr r Fkk ekuo vf/ d kj d hbTt +r r Fkk vkRe&xkSjo d ks l qj f{kr j [ kuk gh Fkk A

t Qj % gk¡ r ks vc pkSFks l w=k dk Hkh yxs gkFkksa o. kZu d j gh Mkyks A

vt hr % pkSFkk ' ki Fk l w=k gS >Vd k ekal [ kkuk A vki yksx r ks t kur s gh gSa fd i zkphuHkkj r eas nks cM+s l Ei znk; fod fl r gq, Fks A muesa l s , d l Ei znk; Fkk t Su r Fkk nwl jk FkkckS¼ A bud s fl ¼kar r ks cgqr gh vPNs Fks A i jUr q mud s ewy fl ¼kar vfgal k i je/ eZ usHkkjr okfl ; ksa d ks d k; j cuk fn; k A ; gk¡ r d fd yksx , d phaVh d ks ekjuk Hkh i ki l e>usyxs A ml d k i fj . kke ; g gqvk fd Hkkj r h; ksa esa d et +ksfj ; k¡ vk x; ha A ft l l s bl ns' k easckgj l s geykoj vkus yxs r Fkk os ; gk¡ i j ywVekj d jus yxs A bl d k Toyar mnkgj . kl kseukFk t h d k efUnj gS A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ vkØe. kd kfj ; ksa us bl ns' k i j gh d Ct +k d jfy; k ft l l s Hkkj r h; d bZ l fn; ksa r d xqykeh d h t +at hjksa eas t d M+s jgs A bl v fgal ki je/ eZ* t Sl s i zeq[ k fl ¼kar d h =kqfV; ksa d s eísut +j ] mUgksaus d gk fd , d l Sfud gksus d sukr s ekl kagkjh gksuk ; k u gksuk vko' ; d ugha A i jUr q bl d k vFkZ ; g Hkh ugha fd yksxn; k d h i zofr d ks gh R; kx nsa vr % nksuksa ckr sa , d l kFk gksa] , sl k d ksbZ ekxZ vi ukuk pkfg, Avr % vxj , d l Sfud d ks ekal d h vko' ; d r k gks r ks bl d s fy, ml d ks fd l h i zk. kh d hgR; k d jus d s fy, d ksbZ fof/ vi ukuh pkfg, ft l l s ml i zk. kh d ks d e l s d e i hM+k gksvFkkZr >Vd k fof/ gh Js"B gS A

t Qj % bu ckr ksa l s D; k vUr j i M+r k gS \ gyky l s Hkh r ks ej gh t kr k gS A

vt hr % fd l h O; fDr d ks ml d s vi jk/ i j Qkal h nh t k jgh gks] r Hkh ml d s LFkkui j ml d ks r Rd ky gh xksyh ekj nh t k; s nksuksa esa vUr j gS A

fot ; % l cl s cM+h ckr ; g gS fd gyky dk ekal , d HkasV d s : i eas d kVk t kr k gS]d yek i <+d j A t cfd nwl jh vksj , sl k d qN ugha A

{33}

vt hr % vc vki l e> x, gSa fd fd l h i zk. kh d k gesa ekal pkfg, A vr % ge mli j n; k d jr s gq, d e l s d e i hM+k nsd j ml d k o/ d js A bl d k , d ek=k mi k; >Vd kfof/ gh gS A

foDVj % vc mBks jksy d ky d k l e; gqvk t k jgk gS A

l Hkh fe=k jksy d ky esa l fEefyr gksus pys t kr s gSa r Fkk ml d s i ' pkr ~~ [ kkuk [ kkus d sfy, MkbZfuax gky esa i gq¡pr s gSa A ckjh&ckjh [ kkuk ysd j ; Fkk LFkku i j cSBd j [ kkuk [ kkuki zkjEHk d j r s gSa A r Hkh l keus cSBk v' kksd ] l q[ knso fl a?k d ks l Ecksf/ r gksd j cksyr k gS A

v' kksd % i gys Hkkjr h; fQYeksa esa ghjks r Fkk ghjksbZu d s chp d h nhokjsa l kekft d gqvkd j r h Fkha i jUr q vc l kEi znkf; d nhokjsa Hkh fn[ kkbZ t kr h gSa A

l q[ knso fl a?k % vkt d h okLr fod r Fkk Toyar l eL; k gS gh l kEi znkf; d r k l kekft dcqjkb; ksa i j r ks cgqr l h fQYesa cu pqd h gSa A

vt hr % l p r ks ; g gS fd i gys bl l s Hkh T; knk l eL; k l kEi znkf; d gh Fkh i jUr q r cl Sal j cgqr d M+k Fkk A og l Ei znk; fuj i s{k ns' k eas yksxksa d h Hkkoukvksa d k t xkuk ugha pkgr sFks A vc l Sal j d qN <hyk d j fn; k x; k gS D; ksafd vc ns' k esa l kEi znkf; d fuj i s{kr k d ht M+ et +cwr gks xbZ gS A

foDVj % eSa r ks r c t kuwa fd yskx fcuk l kEi znkf; d Hksn d s , d nwl js l s fookg d jsaAoSl s vc fQYeksa esa ; g fo"k; Hkh fny cgykus d k , d vPNk l k/ u gh gS A

vt hr % vki yksxksa dks ; g t kud j vpEHkk gksxk fd eSaus , d fgUnq i fjokj dh yM+d hl s fookg fd ; k gS A og Hkh i zse fookg A

foDVj % vt hr ] r qeus r ks gn d j nh A br us yEcs l e; l s bDV~Bs jg jgsa gSa r Fkkbr us ?kfu"B fe=k gSa A i jUr q r qeus ; g Hksn vkt r d gesa ugha cr k; k A

vt hr % okLr o eas ; g ckr fcYdqy esjh O; fDr xr r Fkk ?kjsyw gS A bl fy, vki d ks ughacr ykbZ A oSl s ge t c csl od Z' kki (Base workshop) esa Fks r ks , d ckj ] vki esjs; gk¡ vk; s r ks Fks A esjh i Ruh d ks vki us ns[ kk gqvk gS A

{34}

foDVj % gk¡ mu fnuksa r ks gekjh ubZ&ubZ t ku&i gpku gqbZ Fkh r Fkk r sjs yM+d s d kHkh mUgha fnuksa t Ue gqvk Fkk u \

vt hr % t h gk¡ A yM+d s d s t Ue d s i ' pkr ~ eSaus vki yksxksa d ks i kVhZ od Z' kki esa ghnh Fkh A

foDVj % vt hr HkkbZ r sjh i Ruh l qUnj gh ugha d q' ky vkSj cqf¼eku xg. kh Hkh gS A

vt hr % gks D; ksa u \ i zHkq d h vuqd Ei k l s t hou d s gj eksM+ i j eSaus foosd l s ghd ke fy; k gS A

v' kksd % vt hr HkbZ; k cqjk ugha ekuuk A gesa Hkh r ks vi us i zse d s ckjs esa d qN cr kvksA

vt hr % [ kkuk [ kkvks [ kkuk A i zse ozse d s fd Ll s ckn esa gksaxs A

[ kkus d s l e; d s i ' pkr ~~ l Hkh fe=k vt hr d ks fjd js' ku : e esa ?ksj ysr s gSa A

v' kksd % vt hr ! d j ks vi uk oknk i wjk A vc l quk Mkyks vi uh i zsed Fkk A

vt hr % HkkbZ yksxks og esjh fut h ft +Unxh d h ?kVuk gS A D; k feysxk bu ckr ksa l svki d ks \

fot ; % vjs HkkbZ ! r sjh i Ruh gekjh Hkh r ks HkkHkh gS u A cl bl h l EcU/ l s ; g ckrvc fcYd qy r sjh gh ugha gekjh Hkh fnypLi h d h gS A

vt hr % ckr mu fnuksa dh gS t c esjs fi r k t h chekj jgr s Fks A bl fy, ?kj d h vkfFkZdgkyr esa eSaus l g; ksx nsus d s fy, , d i zkbosV QSDVjh esa , d NksVh l h ukSd jh d j yh Abl l s esjh i <+kbZ eas ck/ k i M+ xbZ A i jUr q eSaus r qjUr gh , d ukbZV d kWyst esa , Mfe' ku ysfy; k A ogk¡ i j eSa QSDVjh l s fui Vd j i gq¡p t kr k A cl ogha i j , d vfr vkd "kZd ; qor hl s esjk i fj p; gqvk A d qN gh fnuksa esa ; g i fjp; fe=kr k esa cny x; k A okLr o esa gefe=k ek=k gh Fks i jUr q nwl js fo| kfFkZ; ksa d h d kukQwl h us gesa , d nwl js d s fud V ykd j [ kM+kd j fn; k A gekjh fe=kr k dk okLr fod jgL; Fkk gekjs ?kj , d gh jkLr s i j i M+r s Fks A ; | fi

{35}

gekjs ?kj , d nwl js l s br us nwj Fks fd ge i gys l s , d nwl js d ks ugha t kur s Fks A mu fnuksal nhZ d s i zkjEHk d k l e; Fkk A jkr cgqr t Ynh gks t kr h Fkh A eSa QSDVjh l s ykSVd j pk; vkfni hd j l h/ k ukbZV dkWyst dks py nsr k A vDl j og ; qor h eq>s jkLr s esa fey t kr h A t cd kWyst esa NqV~Vh gks t kr h r ks jkr Hkh vf/ d gks t kr h Fkh A bl fy, ml d k ?kj i j ykSVukesjs l kFk LoHkkfod gh Fkk A eSa Hkh ml d k eu t hr us d s fy, pfj=koku gksus d k i fjp;nsr kA ft l l s eSaus ml d s ân; eas vi us fy, , d t xg cuk yh Fkh A i jUr q ml l e; esjhvk; q d e Fkh A bl fy, ge , d nwl js d s gks t k; sa ; k , d l w=k esa ca/ t k; sa bR; kfn l ksp Hkhugha l d r s Fks A [ kSj --- d qN fnu ; w¡ gh chr x, A / hjs&/ hjs ml d s cfgu&HkkbZ esjs fo"k;esa t kuus yx x; s Fks A oSl s og , d d eZd kaMh fgUnw Fks A eq>s mUgha fnuksa ekywe gqvk fdesjh bl i zsfedk dh , d cM+h cfgu gS A ft l d s fj ' r s d s fy, ml ds ek¡&cki cgqr fpfUr rFks r Fkk og d bZ t xg ml d s fookg d h vl Qy ckr phr d j pqd s Fks A i jUr q d gha fj ' r kr ; ugha gks i kr k A d qN yM+d s okys vf/ d ngst ekaxr s r ks d qN d ksbZ u d ksbZ d eh yM+d hesa cr kd j ckr ogha i j l ekIr d j nsr s A okLr o esa esjh bl i zsfed k d s ek¡&cki Hkh cgqr: f<+oknh fopkj / kjk d s Fks A og i afMr ksa d s pDd j esa vkd j vi uh gh fcjknjh d s yksxksa easxks=k r Fkk jkf' k; ksa d k pDd j ugha NksM+ i k; s] bl fy, vPNs yM+d s r ks oSl s gh j í gks t kr s FksAd ksbZ xks=k r Fkk jkf' k; ksa bR; kfn Hkzeksa l s cp i kr k r ks d Hkh ml yM+d h d ks i l Un u vkr k r ks]d Hkh ml d s ek¡&cki d ks mud k ?kj&ckj ugha Hkkr k A cl , sl s l e; d Vr k x; k vkSj mlyM+d h d h vk; q c<+r h xbZ A

fot ; % vt hr HkbZ; k vHkh Hkh r qeus vi uh ml i zsfed k d k uke ugha cr k; k A D; kged ks Hkh HkkHkh d k uke cr kus esa d ksbZ gt Z gS \

vt hr % ugha HkkbZ A ; fn eSa uke cr k nw¡xk r ks vki d h ft Kkl k [ kRe gks t k; sxh vkSjfQj ckr d k et +k ugha jgsxk A

v' kksd % gekjh r ks fnypLi h gh HkkHkh d k uke t kuus esa gS A

vt hr % vHkh ; g jgL; gh jgus nks D; ksafd esjh i zsed Fkk d s vuql kj og vHkh r qEgkjhHkkHkh ugha cu i kbZ A

{36}

t Qj % uke esa D; k j [ kk gS A ckr d k et +k yks A ; fn uke gh pkfg, r ks eku yksml d k uke fel , sDl * gS A

l q[ knso % NksM+ks bl cgl d ks A pyks i zsed Fkk vkxs c<+kvks A

vt hr % d qN gh fnuksa esa gesa i jh{kk d h r S; kjh d s fy, ukbZV d kWyst l s NqfV~V; ksa feyx; ha vkSj ge yxs r S; kjh d jus A bÙkQkfd ; k gekjk nksuksa d k i jh{kk d sUnz Hkh , d gh FkkAvc fQj l s HkasV Hkh gksr h r Fkk i jh{kk i j fopkj foe' kZ Hkh A bl i zd kj i jh{kk l ekIr gqbZvkSj ge yxs i jh{kk d s i fj . kke d h i zr h{kk d jus A bl chp eSaus QSDVjh l s d ke NksM+d j, d i zkbZosV od Z' kki eas d ke l h[ kuk ' kq: d j fn; k Fkk A bl fy, eq>s fcYd qy l e; gh ughafey i kr k Fkk fd eSa b/ j m/ j d h ckr sa l kspwa A vc eSa Hkfo"; d s l qUnj l i uksa esa [ kks; kd ke d h / qu esa jgr k Fkk A r Hkh gekjk fj t +YV vk x; k A eSa ml esa i kl Fkk A eq>s vi uhml i zsfed k d s ckjs esa t kuus d s fy, mRl qd r k gqbZ A ml d k jksy u% eq>s ; kn ugha vk jgkFkk A bl fy, eSa vc ml d ks feyus d s fy, O; kd qy j gus yxk A bl chp eSausvkbZñVhñvkbZñ esa , Meh' ku d s fy, fuosnu i =k Hkj d j Hkst k A d qN fnu d s i ' pkr ~ eq>sbUVjO; w d s fy, cqykok vk; k A t c eSa ?kj l s vkbZ-Vh-vkbZ- d h vksj pyk r ks jkLr s esa esjh]vi uh ml h fel , sDl * l s HksaV gks xbZ A vfHkoknu d s i ' pkr ~~ ekywe gqvk fd og eq>l sd gha vf/ d uacj ysd j i kl gqbZ Fkh A eq>s ; g t kud j cgqr [ kq' kh gqbZ i jUr q eq>s ; gns[ kd j vk' p; Z gqvk fd og esjs ckjs l c d qN i gys l s gh t kur h Fkh r Fkk og eq>l s feyusd s fy, eq>l s d gha vf/ d v/ hj jgr h Fkh A [ kSj --- ckr phr d s nkSjku eSaus i wNk fd r qed gk¡ t k jgh gks r ks ml us esjs gkFk esa vi uk bUVjO; w ySVj ns fn; k A eSa ml d ky ySVj d ksi <+d j vpEHks esa i M+ x; k fd ; g D; k d qnjr h bÙkQkd gS fd i zHkq ge nksuksa d ks vkSj fud Vykus fd fy, i gys l s gh d ksbZ d k; ZØe cuk; s cSBk Fkk A eSa t c ml d ks vk' p; Z l s ns[ kusyxk r ks ml l s ugha jgk x; k A r c og i wNus yxh D; k ckr gS \ eq>s bl i zd kj D; ksa?kwj&?kwj d j ns[ k jgs gks A t c eSaus Hkh cnys eas vi uk d ky ySaVj ml d s gkFkksa esa l kSai fn; kAr Hkh og l kjh fLFkfr t ku i kbZ r Fkk g"kZ&mYykl l s cksyh] ¶; g r ks cgqr gh ' kqHk l wpuk gSApyks nksuksa d k l kFk vc Hkh cuk jgsxk A jkLr s eas Hkh cgqr l h vkSi pkfjd ckr sa gksr h jghaft l l s eq>s ekywe gqvk fd ml d h cM+h cgu d k vHkh Hkh d gha fj ' r k i Dd k ugha gks i k; k

{37}

A og l kekft d : f<+oknh fopkj / kjkvksa l s l [ r i js' kku Fkh r Fkk vkRefuHkZj cud j l ektl s cx+kor d juk pkgr h Fkh A eSa eu gh eu ml d h fuHkhZd r k i j ea=keqX/ gqvk t k jgk Fkkr Hkh gekjs l keus vkbZ-Vh-vkbZ- vk x; k A gk¡ eSa ; gk¡ ; g cr k nwa fd ml vkbZ-Vh-vkbZ- l aLFkkd s nks Hkkx Fks A , d d soy efgykvksa d s fy, r Fkk nwl j k i q: "kksa vFkkZr yM+d ksa d s fy, Abud k vki l esa d ksbZ fo' ks"k l EcU/ ugha Fkk r Fkk ml esa f' k{kk d s fy, VªsM Hkh vyx&vyxFks A yM+fd ; ksa d s fy, yxHkx ?kjsyw m| ksx / a/ s gh mud s fy, VªsM Fks A [ kSj--- ml fnu d h[ kq' k[ kcjh ; g jgh fd ge nksuksa LySd V gks x; s r Fkk ml d ks LVSuks d k VªsM feyk A bl i zd kjge nksuksa d s fy, vc , d u; k vol j i zd fr us gh i znku d j fn; k ft l l s ge vDl j jkLr seas fQj l s fey t kr s r Fkk vi us ân; d h ckr sa , d nwl js d ks d gr s A bl i zd kj d qN fnuO; r hr gks x; s ---A

vPNk HkkbZ yksxks ckd h fd Ll k d y l qukÅ¡xk A D; ksafd jkr cgqr gks xbZ gS A d yl qcg i jsM i j Hkh r ks t kuk gS A

l q[ knso % D; ksa et +k fd j fd jk d j jgk gS A vc r ks ckr t eh Fkh A yxHkx fjDjs' ku: e Hkh ' kkar gS A gYyk&xqYyk Mkyus okys pys x; s gSa A

vt hr % bl fy, r ks d gr k gw¡ fd jkr cgqr gks xbZ gS A cl vc l ksus d s fy, pyr sgSa A

v' kksd % ; kj r sjh i zsed gkuh esa r ks , d fQYe d k vkuan vk jgk Fkk A

vt hr % fQYe esa Hkh eè; kar j gksr k gh gS A

; g l qud j l Hkh vi us&vi us fcLr j i j l ksus ds fy, ePNjnkfu; ksa d s Hkhr j ?kql t kr sgSa r Fkk ykbZV vkWQ d j nsr s gSa A

i zfr fnu d h Hkk¡fr usi kyh yM+d k gjd k cgknqj cSM Vh d s fy, vkokt + nsr k gS A¶l kfgc xeZ&xeZ pk; yk; k gw¡ A l Hkh yksx pk; ysr s gSa r Fkk fcLr j NksM+ ' kkSp o Lukud s fy, py nsr s gSa A

{38}

t Qj % vt hr HkkbZ] r qe cSM Vh D; ksa ugha i hr s gks \

vt hr % t Qj] r qe l p cr kuk] D; k ?kj i j r qe cSM Vh i hr s gks \

t Qj % ugha r ks] i jUr q ; gk¡ d h ckr d qN vkSj gh gS A t c ; gk¡ cSM Vh feyr h gS] r ksD; ksa u i h t k; s A

vt hr % l p r ks ; g gS fd gekjh] Hkkj r h; l H; r k esa l Hkh yksx l qcg mBd j i zHkqvkjk/ uk d s i ' pkr ~ gh d qN [ kkr s Fks r Fkk ; gk¡ d s ekSl e esa cSM Vh d k okLr o esa d ksbZ egÙogS gh ugha A cSM Vh r ks i f' peh ns' kksa d h nsu gS t gk¡ cgqr l nhZ i M+r h gS A i jUr q] ; gk¡ r ksbl i zd kj vi uk yh xbZ gS A ekuks cSM Vh u feys] r ks ; g yksx d Hkh fcLr j l s mBsaxs ghugha A

t Qj % eSa ; gk¡ cSM Vh d s ykyp esa cl FkksM+k l k t Ynh mB cSBr k gw¡ A oSl s eq>s ; gcSM Vh u Hkh feys] r ks Hkh d ksbZ vUr j i M+us okyk ugha A

l Hkh yksx ckjh&ckjh ' kkSp o Luku l s fuoÙk gksd j v i us&vi us fcLr j i j ghfpUr u&euu esa yx t kr s gSa A d qN l e; i ' pkr ~ uk' r s d k l e; gksr k gS A r Hkh l q[ knsofl a?k l Hkh fe=k eaMyh d k , d l kFk uk' r k ysd j vk t kr k gS A l Hkh vi uk&vi uk uk' r kysr s gSa i jUr q vt hr vHkh Hkh fpUr u euu esa O; Lr gS A d qN l e; i ' pkr ~ og Hkh Qql Zreas vk t kr k gS A

l q[ knso % vt hr ] r qeus cgqr nsj d j nh A

vt hr % vkt eSa l q[ keuh l kfgc* d k i kB d jus yx x; k Fkk A

foDVj % eq>s ; g ckr l e>kvks fd ogh i kB] jkst +&jkst + D; ksa d juk i M+r k gS \ cl, d ckj t ks i <+ fy; k A ml d ks ckj&ckj nksgjkuk d gk¡ r d Bhd gS \

vt hr % geus bl cSfjd esa d y >kMw yxk; k Fkk cl vc d Hkh ugha yxkuk A d yt ks ge ugk; s Fks r Fkk d i M+s / ks, Fks A cl vc d Hkh ugkuk] / ksuk gS A d y t ks geus [ kkuk[ kk; k Fkk] cl vc ge d Hkh [ kkuk ugha [ kk, axs A

foDVj % ; g d ksbZ esjh ckr d k mÙkj ugha gS A

vt hr % D; ksa ugha gS \ gekjs ' kjhj d ks gj jkst Hkw[ k yx l d r h gS A r ks D; k gekjhvkRek d ks Hkw[ k ugha yx l d r h gS \ gekjk ?kj ' kjhj r Fkk oL=k eSys gks l d r s gSa r ks D; kgekjk eu ; k vkRek eSyh ugha gks l d r h \

foDVj % esjh l e> esa r sjh ; g ckr ugha vkbZ A

vt hr % ckr r ks fcYd qy l kQ gS A ge] bl l al kj esa jgr s gSa r ks bl okr koj . k d kgekjs eu r Fkk efLr "d i j Hkh] vPNh cqjh l ksl kbZVh d k] d qN u d qN r ks i zHkko gksxk gh]t ks gekjs vUnj vPNh i zofÙk gSa] mu i j cqjh l axr d k] cgqr t Ynh vl j gks t kr k gS r Fkkeu vi us vPNs jkLr s l s HkVd us yxr k gS r Fkk eu ml h l e; cqjs d keksa d s fy, epyusyxr k gS ft l l s ml i j fu; U=k.k i kuk d fBu gks t kr k gS A eu i j fu; U=k.k d jus d s fy,gh] ge gj jkst + egki q: "kksa }kjk fn; s x; s mi ns' kksa d ks r kt +k d j r s gSa ft l l s eu fu; U=k. k esajgs A egki q: "kksa }kjk fn; s x; s mi ns' k] gesa Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc* d h ok. kh : i esa feyr s gSaAft ud ks gesa i zfr fnu fu; fer : i l s vè; ; u d juk gksr k gS A

foDVj % r qEgkjh l Hkh ckr sa Bhd gSa i jUr q ; g esjs i z' u d k Bksl mÙkj ugha gSa A ft l l sesjh l ar qf"V gks A

vt hr % vPNk eSa r sjs i z' u d k mÙkj r sj s gh eq¡g l s d gyok ysr k gw¡ A

vc r qe cr kvks] t c , d t oku jax: Vhax d ksl Z esa vPNh r jg i jsM r Fkk fMªy d jukl h[ k t kr k gS r ks fQj ml s D; ksa fjVk; j gksus r d i zfr fnu i jsM&fMªy d jkbZ t kr h gS A D; kog t oku l ko/ ku foJke gksuk ugha t kur k \

foDVj % ; g l c d soy bl fy, d jk; k t kr k gS fd t oku d k vH; kl cuk jgs A

vt hr % cl ; gh r sjs i z' u d k okLr fod mÙkj gS A

l q[ knso % / u xq# vt qZu A fl D[ kk¡ nk fl oy l t Zu A

{40}

t Qj % ; g D; k cksyr k gS \

vt hr % vHkh&vHkh t ks eSaus ok. kh i <+h Fkh] og i k¡posa xq# vt qZu nso t h }kjk j fprgS A ; g ok. kh cgqr l jy r Fkk t ul k/ kj . k d h Hkk"kk esa vkfRed Kku d k HkaMkj gS A blok. kh d k uke l q[ keuh l kfgc* vFkkZr l q[ kksa d h [ kku] okLr o esa ns[ kk x; k gS A ; g ok. kheuq"; d s nq%[ kh gksus d s d kj . kksa vFkkZr ekufl d jksxksa d ks vi us Kku }kjk feVk nsr h gS Aft l l s xq# t h d s fo"k; esa yksxksa d ks fo' okl gS fd og mud s fl oy l t Zu gSa vFkkZreuksoSKkfud MkDVj gSa A

t Qj % D; k ok. kh r eke nq%[ k nwj d j l d r h gS \

vt hr % HkbZ; k nq%[ k nks i zd kj d s gksr s gSa A i gys ' kkjhfjd r Fkk nwl j s ekufl d AoSKkfud Hkh bl r F; d ks Lohd kj d jus yxs gSa fd vf/ d ka' k nq%[ k Hkh ekufl d i js' kkuh d hnsu gksr s gSa A

vc vki l s esjk i z' u gS fd ' kkjhfjd jksx ewyr % fd u&fd u d kj . kksa l s gksr s gSa A

t Qj % eq>s r ks ; g yEck pkSM+k fd Ll k i r k ugha A d i ; k r qe gh cr kvks A

vt hr % xq: ok. kh us bl egÙoi w. kZ ckr i j d qN t xg i j i zd k' k Mkyk gS A eSa ; gk¡, d mnkgj. k i zLr qr d jr k gw¡ µ

d keq Øks/ q d kbvk d m xkyS AAft m d ×puq l ksgkxk <kyS AA

e% û] i "B ùýü

; kuh bl ' kjhj d ks d ke&okl uk r Fkk xqLl k ml h i zd kj xyk nsr s gSa t Sl s l ksus d ks l qgkxkxykus d k d ke d j r k gS A

bl d k vFkZ gS fd ; g nks ekuo i zofr ; k¡ ' kjhj d ks jksxh cukr h gSa A bl d s vykok vkSjHkh d qN ekuo i zofr ; k¡ gSa t Sl s µ fpUr k] u' kk] Hkkst u esa vfu; fer vFkkZr vl Ur qfyr

{41}

vkgkj r Fkk fd l h i zd kj d k d ksbZ ' kkjhfjd i fjJe u d juk ; k d ksbZ Hkh O; k; ke u d jukA

fpUr k d s fy, r ks ; gk¡ r d d gk t kr k gS fd fpUr k fpr k d s cjkcj gS A [ kSj ---xq: ok. kh gekjk ekxZ n' kZu d j r s gq, ] gesa Kku nsr h gS fd µ

fpUr k r k d h d hft , s t ks vugksuh gksb AAbgq ekj xq l al kj d ks ukud fFk# ugh d ksb AA e% ù] i "B ûþüù

u' ks r Fkk fo"k; fod kj d s ckjs esa r ks vki us Hkh cgqr l h d gkor sa l quh gksaxh A d gusd k r kRi ; Z gS fd i k¡p ckr sa ' kjhj d h egku ' k=kq gSa µ d ke] Øks/ ] yksHk] eksg vkSj vgad kjA

r Hkh goynkj est j }kjk l hVh ct kbZ t kr h gS A l Hkh fe=kx. k cSfjd d ks NksM+d j i jsMesa l fEefyr gks t kr s gSa A i jsM d s i ' pkr ~ QksjeSu }kjk l Hkh t okuksa d ks mud s VªsM d svuql kj d ke ns fn; s t kr s gSa A vi us&vi us d keksa esa l Hkh O; Lr gks t kr s gSa A

fot ; % vt hr ] HkkbZ d kSu l k t kSc gS r qEgkjs i kl \

vt hr % eSa r Fkk foDVj , d Mkst j fj i s; j d jus t k jgs gSa A ml d k LVsjx d ke ughad jr k A

fot ; % r sjs i kl d qN l e; gks r ks] ; g esjh xkM+h r ks ns[ kks A esjh l e> esa ; g ughavk; k fd ; g vk; y&cyhnj l s r sy D; ksa QSad s t k jgh gS A

vt hr % cl &cl eSa l e> x; k gw¡ fd ml esa D; k fMQSDV gS \ ml esa d kSu&l k bat ugS \

fot ; % i h&6 ( i jd hax) bat u gS A

vt hr % ml d s fi LVuksa d s fjax&x#Cl VwV x; s gSa A vc bl d k , d gh bykt gSAog gS] u; s fi LVu r Fkk u; s jx l SV Mkyks A

fot ; % ; g l c d juk] r ks vkscj gky gh d juk gks x; k A

vt hr % r ks Bhd gS] QksjeSu l kfgc d ks fj i ksZV ns nks A bat u r c r d u [ kksyuk t c

{42}

r d vks-l h- l kfgc d h vksj l s bl d s ckjs esa d ksbZ i Dd k fu. kZ; ugha gks t kr k A D; k ekywebl xkM+h d ks os csl od Z' kki esa vksoj gkyx d s fy, Hkst nsa A

fot ; % eSa vkt Qql Zr esa gh gw¡ A

vt hr % r qe gekjs fy, nksi gj d k [ kkuk ysd j cqYMkst +j i j gh vk t kuk A

foDVj % l Hkh VwYl r Fkk Li s; l Z ys fy, gSa \

vt hr % l c d qN r S; kj gS r ks pyks cSBks xkM+h esa] pysa A

foDVj % Vh czsd d k VkbZe gks x; k gS A pk; i hd j gh pysaxs A

vt hr % Bhd gS A

Vh czsd i zkjEHk gksr s gh] l Hkh pk; d s fy, i gq¡p t kr s gSa A

foDVj % l q[ knso] D; k ckr gS \ bl r jg [ kks; s&[ kks; s yxr s gks \

l q[ knso % cl d ksbZ [ kkl ugha A ogh QSfeyh i j eh' ku d s ckjs esa A , si yhd s' ku r kseat wj gks xbZ gS i jUr q vHkh ed ku d h l eL; k gy ugha gqbZ A

foDVj % vkSj r Hkh D; k pht + gS A vkneh d ks l kjh mez pDd j esa Mkys j [ kr h gS A

l q[ knso % bl h d k uke xgLFkh gS A d qN ml d ks pDd j vkSj d qN ged ks pDd j A

foDVj % og d gkor fcYd qy l Pph gS fd vkSjr fl QZ , d ckj Mksyh esa cSBr s oDrjksr h gS vkSj vkneh mez Hkj jksr k jgr k gS i j vk¡l w Hkh fud ky ugha i kr k A

vt hr % vki ukjh t kfr d ks D; ksa br uk cnuke d j r s gks \ ukjh r ks ekuo d k , sl k: i gS t ks vi uk l eLr t hou R; kx r Fkk l sok esa O; r hr d j r h gS A

foDVj % R; kx vkSj l sok] ; g l c <d ksl ys gSa A vl y esa og vkneh d ks ew[ kZ cukr hgS A

{43}

vt hr % vki l eLr ukjh oxZ d s fy; s d g jgs gSa oSl s ukjh d s dbZ : i gSa & ek¡] cfgu]csVh r Fkk i Ruh A

foDVj % eSa r ks d soy vkSj r oxZ d h ckr d j jgk gw¡ A

vt hr % eSa d qN ugha d g l d r k A ' kk; n vki d k O; fDr xr vuqHko gh jgk gks Aesjs fopkj l s r ks ukjh , d J¼k gS A , d nsoh gS A

t Qj % (g¡l r s gq, ) nsoh] D; k i fo=k ' kCn i k; k gS \ vjs HkkbZ fd l t +ekus d h ckrd j jgs gks \

vt hr % eSa r ks vkt d h gh ckr d j jgk gw¡ A oSl s ns[ kus d h vi uh&vi uh vk¡[ ks gSaAesjk v i uk , d nf"Vd ks. k gS r Fkk vki d k vi uk A

t Qj % D; k ; g Hkh r qEgsa cr kuk i Ms+xk fd vkt d s bl ekgkSy esa D; k&D; k gks jgkgS \

vt hr % ; g l c Bhd gS A ; g r ks vkt l s ugha vkfn d ky l s gks jgk gS A bl d kd nkfpr ~ ; g vFkZ ugha fd l kjk ukjh l ekt i Fk Hkz"V gS A okLr o esa i z' u ; g gS fd gefd r us bZekunkj gSa A gesa vi us var %d j . k esa >kad uk pkfg, A ; fn ge bZekunkj gSa r ksr Hkh ge nwl jksa l s bZekunkjh d h vk' kk d j l d r s gSa vU; Fkk ugha A bl d k vFkZ ; g gqvk fdekuo t kfr d s nksuksa oxZ uj r Fkk ukjh] l Hkh , d l s ugha gSa A nksuksa esa =kqfV; k¡ Hkh gSa vkSjvPNkbZ; k¡ Hkh A bl fy, fd l h t kfr fo' ks"k d h fuUnk d juk vuqfpr gS A

t Qj % r qEgkjk t kfr l s D; k r kRi ; Z gS \

vt hr % vjs HkkbZ i zd fr us r ks ekuo d h nks gh t kfr ; k¡ cukbZ gSa A , d uj r Fkk nwl jhukjh A ckd h t kfr ; k¡ r ks geus r qeus cukbZ gSa A

t Qj % eSa ckr l e> x; k A i jUr q ns[ kk x; k gS vkSj r sa enks± d ks vi uh >wBh , sfDaVxl s vPNk [ kkl k mYyw cukr h gSa A

{44}

vt hr % Bhd gS A gks l d r k gS vki us t ks ns[ kk gS ogh d gksxs A i jUr q ; g Hkh xyr gSfd t ks vki us ns[ kk ; k vuqHko fd ; k ogh l c d qN gS A bl l s nwj vkSj Hkh cgqr d qN gksl d r k gS A

t Qj % og d Sl s \

vt hr % ; g i Foh cgqr fo' kky gS A bl i j cgqr l s ekSl e gSa r Fkk d bZ i zd kj d hvyx&vyx t yok; q gS A mnkgj.k d s fy, jkt LFkku d k fuokl h vkl ke d h o"kkZ r Fkk ogk¡d s t axyksa d s ckjs esa D; k vuqeku i k; sxk A bl h i zd kj enzkl esa jgus okyk D; k vuqeku yxkl d r k gS fd ysg uxj esa fd r uh BaM gS r Fkk i gkM+kas esa jgus okys fo' kky l eqUnz d k D; kvuqeku yxk l d r s gSa A Bhd bl h i zd kj ukjh t kfr d s ckjs eas r qe D; k Bhd l s vuqekuyxk l d r s gks \ t ks r qeus vi us vuqHko cr k; s gSa] os r qEgkjs O; fDr xr gSa A bl fy, ogl eLr ukjh l ekt d s l kFk , d l ad qfpr nf"Vd ks. k j [ kuk d gk¡ d k U; k; gS \

t Qj % eSaus r ks t ks i <+k l quk r Fkk ns[ kk gS ogh cr k jgk gw¡ A

vt hr % geus Hkh Hkwxksy d h fd r kcksa esa cgqr d qN i <+k l quk r Fkk uD' kksa esa ns[ kk Fkki jUr q i zR; {k n' kZu d qN vkSj pht + gSa A eSa ; gk¡ , d mnkgj . k i zLr qr d j r k gw¡ µ

N% va/ s Fks A mud s l keus , d gkFkh ykd j [ kM+k d j fn; k x; k A l Hkh d ksgkFkh Nwd j ml d k o. kZu d j us d s fy, d gk x; k A mu N% va/ ksa us gkFkh d ksvyx&vyx t xg l s Nwd j ns[ kk A ckn esa mul s i wNk x; k cr kvk gkFkh d Sl k gksr kgS A l cd s o. kZu vyx&vyx Fks A i gyk d g jgk Fkk gkFkh l k¡i t Sl k gksr k gS Anwl js us d gk ugha Hkkys t Sl k gksr k gS A r hl js us d gk ugha i a[ ks t Sl k A pkSFks us d gkugha gkFkh , d [ kEHks t Sl k gksr k gS A i k¡posa us d gk ugha gkFkh , d i gkM+ t Sl k gksr kgS A NBs us d gk ugha gkFkh jLl h t Sl k gksr k gS A og okLr o esa l c xyr Fks A Bhdbl h i zd kj ukjh d s , d i gyw d ks ns[ kd j vki us , d xyr fopkj / kjk d ks t Ue fn; kgS A okLr o esa ; g vki d k vuqeku gh xyr gS A D; ksafd vki vi us fl QZ O; fDr xrvuqHko d ks l eLr ukjh l ekt d s l kFk t ksM+ jgsa gSa A

{45}

t Qj % ckr ; g gS fd gekjh ' kjkg (bLykeh fl ¼kar ) esa Hkh dqN bl h i zd kj d h ckr ksai j t ksj fn; k x; k gS A eLyu ukjh uki kd gS_ ' kk; n bl hfy, gekjs l kEi znkf; d jhfr &fjokt ksa]l kewfgd bcknr ksa esa ukjh d ks ' kkfey ugha fd ; k t kr k A ' kk; n ukjh d ks ns[ kd j eu eyhugks t kr k gS ; k ; g fd bcknr esa [ kyy i M+r h gS] vkfn] vkfn A

jgeku % ugha&ugha] ckr ; g gS fd ' kjkg esa uj&ukjh d ks l ekur k r ks nh xbZ gS i jUr qo"kZ Hkj esa , d ckj gt d jus d s fy, ukfj ; ksa d ks vuqefr i znku d h xbZ gS ft l l s os HkheDd s esa bcknr d j l d s fd Ur q egYyksa d h efLt +nksa esa , d l kekft d l e>kSr s d s vuql kji zkphud ky esa efgykvksa d ks vi us ?kjksa esa uekt i <+us d ks d gk x; k D; ksafd uj vkSj ukjhd s feyu l s efLt +nksa eas eyhur k d k [ kr jk vuqHko gksus yxk Fkk A

vt hr % eSa vki d s l Ei znk; l s l EcfU/ r ckr ksa esa gLr {ksi ugha d juk pkgr k A fQjHkh eq>s ; g ckr l e> eas ugha vkbZ fd t ks ukjh i q: "kksa d ks t Ue nsr h gS A og vi fo=k d Sl sgks xbZ A vkSj t ks ml l s t Uesa gSa og i fo=k d Sl s gks x, A [ kSj --- d gus d ks r ks cgqr d qNgS A cl br uk gh d gw¡xk fd vki ft l pht + d ks cgqr fNi k d j i nsZ esa , d vt qck cukd jj [ ksaxs mr uh gh l Hkh d h d f' k' k c<+sxh ft l l s vki [ kqn gh Hkze esa i M+ t kr s gSa A

t Qj % ckr ; g gS fd gekjh l kekft d i zFkk eas Hkh d qN bl i zd kj d h ckr ksa i j t +ksjfn; k x; k gS A

jgeku % r qe vi uh cr kvks r qEgkjs ; gk¡ ukjh d k D; k LFkku gS \

vt hr % gekjh i jEi jk esa ukfj ; ksa d ks fl D[ k xq: vksa }kjk fcYd qy i q: "kksa d s l eku vf/d kj fn; s x; s gSa A mnkgj . k d s fy, gekjs uke Hkh , d t Sl s gksr s gSa A ; g uj gS vFkokukjh bl d h i gpku d s fy, fl a?k vFkok d kSj ' kCn d k i z; ksx fd ; k t kr k gS A bl d s l kFkukfj ; k¡ Hkh i q: "kksa d h r jg ' kL=k / kj . k d j r h gSa ft l l s og vkRej {kk d s fy, fd l h d heksgr kt u gksa A bl l s fl D[ k ukfj ; ksa d s eukscy esa cgqr of¼ gqbZ gS A bl i zd kj fl D[ kukfj ; ksa d s vcyk d gykus d k d yad l nk d s fy, feV x; k gS A ; gha cl ugha ukfj ; ksa d ksog l Hkh vf/ d kj i zkIr gSa t ks i q: "kksa d ks A mnkgj.k ds fy, l Hkh i zdkj dh / k£ed fØ; kvksa

{46}

esa ukjh i q: "kksa d h gh Hkk¡fr Hkkx ysr h gSa A t Sl s Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d k gqDeukek ysuk r Fkkxq#}kjs esa ' kCn d hr Zu l s ysd j vjnkl d juk vkfn] bl d s vfr fjDr , d fl [ k ukjh vfregRoi w. kZ i aFkd e; kZnk ver Nd kus* esa i k¡p I; kjksa esa ' kkfey gks l d r h gS A d gus d kHkko gS fd gekjs ; gk¡ fd l h i zd kj l s Hkh ukfj ; ksa d ks r qPN ugha t kuk t kr k cfYd gekjs ; gk¡mud k l oksZÙke LFkku gS µ

¶l ks fd m eank vk[ kh, s ft r q t efg j kt ku AA (egyk û] i "Bþ÷ý)

Vh czsd l ekIr gksr s gh l Hkh fQj l s vi us&vi us d keksa d s fy, pys t kr s gSa A

foDVj µ pyks vt hr ] xkM+h r qEgkjk gh bUr t +kj d j jgh gS A

d qN gh l e; esa xkM+h }kjk os nksuksa Mkst j i j i gq¡p t kr s gSa r Fkk vi us dke esa t qV t kr sgSa A yxHkx nks ?kaVs d s i ' pkr ~~, d xkM+h l s fot ; [ kkuk ysd j vkr k gS A

vt hr % fot ; HkbZ; k A xkM+h d ks i k²d x d jd s f' koyky l s d gks ; gha vk t k; s A

fot ; % MªkbZoj f' koyky d gha x; k Fkk A l ks xkM+h d ks t Qj HkkbZ MªkbZo d jd s yk; s gSaA

vt hr % vki nksuksa r ks [ kkuk [ kkd j gh vk; s gksaxs A

fot ; % ugha r ks] geus l kspk gesa [ kkuk [ kkus eas cgqr nsjh gks t k; sxh A bl fy, vi uk[ kkuk Hkh l kFk gh ys pyr s gSa A D; ksafd ; gk¡ [ kkuk [ kkus l s fi d fud t Sl k vkuan jgsxk A

foDVj % t kvks fQj t Qj d ks Hkh cqyk ykvks A

fot ; % og xkM+h i k²d x d jd s vk t k; sxk A

cqyMkst +j vksi jsVj jes' k r Fkk vt hr ] foDVj gkFk / ksr s gSa A

jes' k % ml l keus okys p' es i j pyd j [ kkuk [ kk; saxs A ogk¡ i j i kuh d h l qfo/ k jgsxhA

{47}

l Hkh p' es i j py nsr s gSa r Fkk t Qj Hkh r c r d xkM+h i k²d x d j d s vk t kr k gS A

vt hr % fot ; r sjh ml xkM+h d k D; k gqvk \

fot ; % ml d s r ks vkt Dykl l h* d s QkeZ Hkjok fn; s gSa A

vt hr % cgqr vPNk fd ; k A bl d k l keku ugha feyuk Fkk A cl bl s [ kksyr s gh xysesa cyk i M+ t kuh Fkh A

l Hkh vki l esa [ kkuk ck¡Vd j [ kkus yxr s gSa A r Hkh l keus , d vfr l qUnj r Fkkvk/ qfud fons' kh cl vkd j : d r h gS A

fot ; % l keus ns[ kks fd r uh l qUnj cl gS A

t Qj % ; g uS' kuy gkbZos gS A ; gk¡ u t kus fd r uh gh , sl h cl sa fons' kh l Sykfu; ksa d ksgj j kst + d ' ehj d h l Sj d ks ys t kr h gSa A

jes' k % cl d ks NksM+ks ml i j l okj fons' kh; ksa d ks ns[ kks A

fot ; % ; s yksx r ks fl [ kksa d h r jg yEch&yEch nk<+h okys] r Fkk i xfM+; k¡ ck¡/ s gq, gSaAbud h vkSj r sa Hkh r ks i ¡t kch os' kHkw"kk esa gSa A

vt hr % r qe Bhd d gr s gks A ; g yksx vejhd u fl D[ k gSa A

t Qj % vejhd u fl D[ k \ ; g d Sl s gks l d r k gS \

vt hr % i zR; {k dks i zek.k dh vko' ; d r k ugha gksr h A ; fn ' kd gks r ks ckr phr d jdsi wN yks A

t Qj % eSa va/ k ugha gw¡ A ns[ k jgk gw¡ fd og fl D[ k gh gSa A i jUr q vk¡[ kksa i j ; d huugha vkr k A

vt hr % ; d k; d vpEHks d h ckr xys ugha mr j r h A [ kSj --- FkksM+h nsj esa ; d hu vkt k; sxk A

{48}

foDVj % ckr ; g gS nqfu; k d k nLr wj gS fd t ks Hkh ubZ pht + gks ml d ks vi uk d jns[ kr s gSa A fl D[ k / eZ vHkh nqfu; k d s l keus , d ne u; k / eZ gS A bl fy, og yksx bli j vkf' kd gks x; s gSa A bl h i zd kj d qN l e; i gys vejhdk esa fgIi hbt +e us Hkh cgqr t +ksji dM+ j [ kk Fkk A

vt hr % eSa vki d h bl ckr l s l ger ugha gw¡ A bUgsa t +jk è; ku l s ns[ kks A os yksxd Sl s yxr s gSa \ D; k bu yksxksa d ks cgyk; k Qql yk; k t k l d r k gS \ t +jk l kspks ! ml ns' kd s ukxfjd gSa t gk¡ nqfu; k d h fd l h pht + d h d ksbZ d eh ugha gS A ; s yksx cgqr l qy>s gq,r Fkk fopkj ' khy gSa A bud s i kl / u d h d ksbZ d eh ugha gS A ; s l Ei Uu] l e¼ gh ughacqf¼t hoh Hkh gSa A bud k eu t hr uk r Fkk bud s fopkjksa esa i fjor Zu ykuk d ksbZ l jy d keugha gS A t +jk l kspks bu yksxksa d ks t ks pht + vi uh r jQ vkd £"kr d jd s bud s t hou esaØkfUr ykbZ gS A

foDVj % r qe d guk D; k pkgr s gks \

vt hr % t Sl k fd vki us d gk gS fl D[ k / eZ u; k gS A ; g d soy u; k gh ugha gSvk/ qfud Hkh gS A bl esa d eZ&d k¡Mksa d s fy, d ksbZ t xg ugha gS A bl d k gj fl ¼karoSKkfud d l kSVh i j [ kjk mr j r k gS r Fkk bl d k gj fl ¼kar l oZeku l R; gS A

foDVj % ; g l oZeku l R; D; k gksr k gS \

vt hr % , sl k fl ¼kar ft l d ks l eLr ekuo l ekt l R; ekus A t Sl s i Foh xksy gS Al w; Z i woZ l s fud yr k gS A cPpksa d ks t Ue ukjh gh nsr h gS i q: "k ugha] bR; kfn A

foDVj % bl l s r sjk D; k er yc gS \

vt hr % vkt l s cgqr l e; i gys d h ckr gS fd ; wjksi eas oSKkfudksa us i Foh dks xksyr Fkk , d xsan dh r jg gksuk fl ¼ d j fn; k A cl fQj D; k Fkk A : fl ; ksa us ckbZcy i j cgqrfVfI. k; k¡ d ha r Fkk d gus yxs ckbZcy i Foh d ks pi Vk cr kr h gSa A bl fy, og >wBh gqbZ Ai jUr q Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h jpukvksa d ks oSKkfud vkt r d , sl k ugha d g i k, bl fy,

{49}

; g l oZeku l R; Hkh gS A

foDVj % HksM+pky gS A ns[ kk&ns[ kh yksx , d &nwl js d h ud y d j r s gSa A cl ; gvejhd u fl D[ k Hkh , sl s gh gSa A

vt hr % eSa ; g r ks fl ¼ d j l d r k gw¡ fd Hkkjr esa bLyke r Fkk fØ' pusYVh ' kkl u d scy i j ykyp d s nckc esa QSys i jUr q vki ; g cr kus d h d i k d jsa fd vesjhd k esa fl D[ k/ eZ ogk¡ d s ewy ukxfjd ksa esa d Sl s fod fl r gqvk \ ' kk; n vki bl d k mÙkj nsus esa vl eFkZgksa A

fot ; % fl D[ k fl ¼kar cgqr l gt ] l jy r Fkk O; ogkfjd gS A ; g ekuo d ks nsor kcuk l d r k gS A

t Qj % og d Sl s \

vt hr % fl D[ k / eZ eq[ ; r % r hu l w=kksa esa c¡/ k gqvk gS A i gyk] fd j r d jks µ Hkkoi fj Je d jd s v i uh t hfod k d ekvks A nwl jk] uke t i ks µ Hkko i zHkq fpUr u d jks Ar hl jk] oUM d s Nd ks µ Hkko ck¡Vd j [ kkvks A

cl ; s r hu dk; Z gh i zHkq dh l Pph HkfDr ekuh xbZ gS A bl ds vfr fjDr l Hkh d eZdkaMekus x; s gSa A bud ks t hou esa vi ukus d s fy, fd l h i zd kj d k d ksbZ l U; kl ugha ysuk i M+r kr Fkk u gh bl esa vfgal k i zeks / ekZ t Sl h d ksbZ ck/ k gS A bl d h fo' ks"kr k ; g gS fd ¶HkS d kgwd ks nsr ufg] ufg HkS ekur vku¸ µ vFkkZr u fd l h l s Mjuk gS u fd l h d ks Mjkuk gS]Hkko t hvks vkSj t hus nks] t Sl s eq[ ; O; ogkfjd fl ¼kar t hou d k ekxZ n' kZu d j r s gSa A

, d l k/ kj . k O; fDr l gt esa l jyr k l s bu fl ¼kar ksa dks vi us t hou esa dk; kZfUor d jl d r k gS A t Sl s & , d O; fDr l qcg mBd j fpUr u euu i kB i wt k d jr k gS r ks ; g d k; Zml d k ckzã. k t Sl k gS A ml d s i ' pkr ~~ vi uh vkt hfod k d s fy, d ksbZ O; ki kj d jr k gS r ks; g ml d k oS' o d k; Z gS r Fkk bl d s i ' pkr ~ vxj og nhu&nqf[ k; ksa d h l sok d j r k gS ; kmud h t +: j r ksa d ks i wjk d j r k gS r ks ; g d k; Z ' kwnz d k d k; Z gS A t c fd l h et +ywe ; k

{50}

d et +ksj O; fDr i j vR; kpkj gksr k ns[ kr k gS r ks og ' kL=k / kj . k d j l R; dh j {kk d jus yxt kr k gS A ; g ml d k {kf=k; d k d eZ gS A

cl bUgha xq. kksa d s d kj . k bl i aFk (ekxZ) d ks l R; d h [ kkst esa jgus okys vejhd hfuokfl ; ksa us vi uk; k gS A

vc eSa vki d ks HksM+pky okys i z' u d k mÙkj nsr k gw¡ A

t c vejhd u l suk, ¡ fo; r uke esa ; q¼ d j jgh Fkha r ks mUgha fnuksa d h ckr gS fd l sukds , d vejhdh duZy dk dksVZek' kZy fd ; k x; k A ml d k vi jk/ ; g Fkk fd ml us vi uhonhZ esa Vksi h d s LFkku i j i xM+h cka/ uk ' kq: d j fn; k Fkk A okLr o esa ml d uZy us fl D[ ki aFk vi uk fy; k Fkk r Fkk ft l d s fy, og cM+h l s cM+h dher pqdkus d ks Hkh r S; kj Fkk A cknesa og d uZy vUr Zjk"Vªh; fczfV' k d kuwu d s vUr Zxr eqd nek t hr x; k r Fkk og ml h i n i jvkl hu jgr s gq, i xM+h Hkh ck¡/ us yxk A vc vki eq>s cr kus d k d "V d jsa fd bl d uZyd s / eZ&HkfDr r Fkk ml d s fy, R; kx d ks D; k d gsaxs \

oks fons' kh cl d qN l e; foJke d s ckn vi us ; kf=k; ksa l fgr py nh r Fkk ; g fe=keaMyh* [ kkuk l ekIr d j i qu% cqyMkst +j i j d ke d jus essa O; Lr gks t kr h gS A Mkst +j i j d kel w; Z vLr gksus r d pyr k jgr k gS A bl fy, ogk¡ i j gh d kQh nsj gks xbZ A

jes' k % vc vki yksx oki l t kvks A ckd h d k d ke eSa gh d j yw¡xk A jkr gks xbZgS A

foDVj % Bhd gS A r qe d y Mkst +j VSLV d j ysuk A vxj Bhd l s d ke uk d js r ks[ kcj nsuk A ge yksx fQj vk t k; saxs A vPNk vc ge pyr s gSa A

l Hkh xkM+h esa cSBd j vi uh ; wfuV d h vksj py nsr s gSa A jkLr s esa yxHkx ; wfuV d s , dfd yksehVj i gys , d NksVs l s ckt +kj l s d qN Qy bR; kfn [ kjhnus d s fy, xkM+h jksd r s gSa Ar Hkh , d O; fDr vkd j l wpuk nsr k gS fd vki yksxksa d h od Z' kki d k , d vkneh ogk¡ u' ksesa csgks' k i M+k gqvk gS A ; g l wpuk i kr s gh l Hkh ogk¡ i j t kr s gSa r Fkk ml u' ks esa / qr d ks

{51}

i gpkuus d k i z; Ru d j r s gSa A i jUr q va/ sjs esa Li "V fn[ kkbZ ugha nsr k r ks Hkh fot ; ml d ksi gpku gh ysr k gS fd ; g vi uk bySDVªhf' k; u l qjsUnz gS A [ kSj --- vc l eL; k ; g l keusvkr h gS fd bl d ks d Sl s ; qfuV r d ys t k; k t k; s A

foDVj % (t Qj d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s gq, ) r qe xkM+h d ks ; gha i j ys vkvks A

t Qj % xkM+h d ks ogk¡ ys vkr k gS A

fot ; % bl d ks vc xkM+h esa d Sl s Mkysaxs A

t Qj % r qe bl d ks Vkaxksa l s i d M+ks eSa bl s ckt qvksa l s i d M+d j vkVs d h cksjh d h r jgxkM+h esa i Vd r s gSa A

foDVj % ( l qjsUnz d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s gq, ) bl t Sl s ew[ kZ yksx ; qfuV d h r ks cnukehd j r s gh gSa l kFk esa vi us ' kjhj d h gkyr Hkh fcxkM+ ysr s gSa A

vt hr % vks-l h- l kfgc d ks bl d h d j r wr ksa d k i r k py x; k r ks bl s l t +k Hkh feyt k; sxh A

fot ; % ; wfuV esa D; k d e je feyr h gS t ks ; g ; gk¡ i hus pyk vk; k gS \

vt hr % bl t Sl s ew[ kZ yksx / u d k nq: i ; ksx , sl s gh d j r s gSa A

foDVj % gk¡ ; kn vk; k d gha HkykbZ d s cnys cqjkbZ u feys A bl d h t sc&osc r ks BhdFkh u \

t Qj % geus r ks è; ku ugha fd ; k A [ kSj --- NksM+ks t ks gksxk ns[ kk t k; sxk A

foDVj % vkvks bl l qjsUnz d s cPps d ks bl d s fcLr j i j Mky nsa A

xkM+h l s ; qfuV ykbZu esa l qjsUnz d k t ywl fud kyr s gq, ml d ks ml d s fcLr j i j i Vdfn; k t kr k gS r Fkk bl ?kVuk d h gokynkj est j d ks fj i ksZV ns nh t kr h gS A

l q[ knso % ( l Hkh d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s gq, ) D; k ckr gS br uh nsj d j nh \

{52}

fot ; % ns[ kk ugha ge D; k r ksgQk yk, gSa A

l q[ knso % bl d k ; gh gky gS A bl d ks ykuk gh D; ksa Fkk \ i M+s jgus nsr s bl mYywd s i V~Bs d ks A

v' kksd % ; kj i gys r ks ; g , sl k ugha Fkk A eSa bl d ks fi Nyh ; wfuV l s t kur k gw¡ A

foDVj % r ks vc D; k gks x; k bl x/ s d ks \

t Qj % ; g i zseukFk t ks bl d s l kFk i ksl fVax vk; k gS A cr k jgk Fkk fd t cl s bl d hi Ruh cPps d ks t Ue nsr s gq, ej xbZ gS r Hkh l s bl us t +: j r l s T; knk i huk ' kq: d j fn; kgS A

vt hr % ; g r ks cgqr vPNk r jhd k gS A ; fn ' kjkc i hus l s bl d h i Ruh ykSV vkr hgS r ks bl d ks i hus nks A

foDVj % i hus gh D; ksa nks bl s r ks ' kjkc l s ugyk Hkh nks r kfd og t Ynh oki l vk t k, A

t Qj % ; kj ' kk; n ; g i hd j vi uk xe d e d j r k gS A

vt hr % ; kj vki eq>s og bUl ku cr kvks t ks fd l h u fd l h d kj . k nq%[ kh u gks A xq#ukud nso us r ks ; gk¡ r d d g fn; k gS µ

ckyh j ksoS ukfg Hkr k# AAukud nq[ khvk l Hkq l al k# AA

e- û] i "B ùÿþ

(l Hkh ekuo bl l al kj esa nq%[ kh gSa A d soy ogh vkneh bl l al kj esa l q[ kh gS t ks i zHkqfl eju esa l e; yxkr k gks A t ks Hkh ?kVuk ?kfVr gksr h gS og ml i zHkq d h j t +k ekud j l gusd k i z; Ru d juk pkfg, A)

vFkkZr bl d k vFkZ ; g gS fd i zR; sd i zk. kh ek=k nq%[ kh gS A fd l h u fd l h d kj . k l s

{53}

i jUr q D; k l Hkh bl ew[ kZ d h r jg i huk ' kq: d j nsr s gSa \ gj fxt + ugha A bl r jg T; knki hus l s r ks xe d e gksus d h ct k, vkSj c<+sxk] ' kjhj jksxh gks t k; sxk A / u d h d eh vyxl r k; sxh A t ks cnukeh r Fkk l t +k feysxh og vyx A

fot ; % r ks bl t Sl s yksxksa d k D; k bZykt + gS \

vt hr % okLr o esa , sl s yksx ekufl d jksxh gksr s gSa A buesa vkRefo' okl uke d h d ksbZoLr q gksr h gh ugha A ; g yksx d ne&d ne i j Mxexkr s fQj r s gSa A bud k vi uk d ksbZvfLr Ro ugha gksr k A d gus d k Hkko gS fd bl i zd kj d s yksxksa esa l gu' khyr k] R; kx] foosdt Sl s egku xq. k gksr s gh ugha A ; g fo' ks"k xq. k vkè; kfRed f' k{kk }kjk mRi Uu fd ; s t kr sgSa A ft l l s eu d ks czãKku d h r jQ ys t kuk vkl ku gksr k gS A ; gk¡ vkè; kfRed f' k{kkdk , d ek=k Ld wy l k/ &l axr gS t gk¡ l r xq: d h ok.kh vFkkZr czãKkuh egki q: "kksa d h ok. kheu d ks n<+ l ad Yi i znku d j r h gS A

v' kksd % , sl s r ks bl ekuo l ekt esa cgqr l s yksx vkSj Hkh gksaxs t ks l al kfjd nq%[ kksa l sHkVd r s fQjr s gksaxs \

vt hr % D; ksa ugha ! eq[ ; r % bu yksxksa d ks pkj Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk t k l d r k gS A i gys]og yksx gSa t ks l al kfjd nq%[ kksa l s Mjd j vi uk ekufl d l Ur qyu [ kks nsr s gSa vFkkZr i kxygks t kr s gSa A nwl js] og yksx t ks nq%[ kksa l s Mjd j vkRe&gR; k d j ysr s gSa A r hl js] og yksxt ks nq%[ kksa l s Mjd j l U; kl ys ysr s gSa A pkSFks] og yksx t ks nq%[ kksa l s Mjd j vi us vki d ksu' ks d h yr esa Mky ysr s gSa A

v' kksd % bu yksxksa esa l cl s vPNh fLFkfr fd l d h gS \

vt hr % l PpkbZ r ks ; g gS fd ; g pkjksa gh xyr fLFkfr ; ksa okys yksx gSa A i jUr q l U; klysus okyk O; fDr d qN vPNk gS A D; ksafd og l ekt d s fy, d fBukbZ; k¡ i Snk ugha d jr k]fd Ur q og l kekft d ft +Eesokfj ; ksa l s eq¡g eksM+ ysr k gS A bl fy, og Hkh xyr gS A

fot ; % r ks , sl h fLFkfr esa D; k d juk pkfg, \

{54}

vt hr % , sl h fLFkfr esa d soy eu d k gh l a; kl ysuk pkfg, u fd ' kkjhfjd A Hkko; g gS fd bl xgLFk vkJe esa jgr s gq, eu l s l al kfjd ckr ksa d k cSjkx ys ysuk pkfg, At Sl kfd Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh cr kr h gS µ

fpar k r k d h d ht h, s t ks vugksuh gksb AAbgq ekj xq l al kj d ks ukud fFk# ugha d ksb AA

e- ù] i "B ûþüù

&0&

vt hr % fot ; ] ; s yksx d kSu gSa \

fot ; % ; s nksuksa t ks' kheB d s od Z' kki l s vkt gh gekjs ; gk¡ i ksfLVax (Posting)vk; s gSa A vkvks r qEgsa bul s feyokÅ¡ A ; g gaS t ksfxanj fl a?k r Fkk ; g gSa j kd s' k d qekj A

vt hr % vki nksuksa l s feyd j cgqr [ kq' kkh gqbZ A

t ksfxanj r Fkk jkd s' k % gesa Hkh vki l s feyd j cgqr [ kq' kh gqbZ gS A

vt hr % vkbZ; s cSfB, ! D; k vki bl (d ' ehj ) {ks=k esa i gyh ckj vk; s gSa ; k i gysHkh d gha M; wVh d j pqd s gSa \

t ksfxanj % eSa i gys vkl ke {ks=k esa Fkk A ml d s ckn ½f"kd s' k esa t ks' kheB {ks=k esa r Fkkvc vki d s l kFk gw¡ A

jkd s' k % d ' ehj d h r jg ½f"kds' k l s cnzhukFk d s fy, Hkh i ; ZVd ksa d k r kar k yxk jgr kgS r Fkk gsed qaV d s fy, fl [ k ; k=kh Hkh cgqr cM+h l a[ ; k esa t kr s jgr s gSa A oSl s --- vki Hkhr ks gsed qaV x; s gh gksaxs A

vt hr % eSa gkykafd nsgjknwu d k jgus okyk gw¡ i jUr q eSa vHkh r d gsed qaV ugha x; k AoSl s esjk ogk¡ t kus d k d ksbZ bjknk Hkh ugha gS A

{55}

t ksfxanj % , sl h Hkh D; k ckr gS \ ogk¡ i j r ks nwj&nwj l s fl [ k yksx vi us xq#nso t hd s Hkwr i woZ r i ksLFky d s n' kZuksa gsr w vkr s gSa A eSa Hkh x; k Fkk cgqr gh je. khd LFkku gS A oghjkLr s esa Qwyksa d h ?kkVh Hkh i M+r h gS t ks fd l eLr nqfu; k esa , d ek=k i zkd fr d gS r FkkyxHkx 18]000 QhV d h Å¡pkbZ i j fLFkr gS A ml d k l kSUn; Z ns[ kr s gh cur k gS A

vt hr % gk¡ d Hkh fi d fud d k bjknk gqvk r ks ?kqeus t k l d r k gw¡ A i jUr q / kfeZd; k=kk d jus d k esjk d ksbZ bjknk ugha gS A

t ksfxUnj % D; ksa \

vt hr % okLr o esa ge xq#nso t h d k Hkwr i woZ r i LFkku d k vUos"k. k ([ kkst ) d jd smud k vi eku d j jgs gSa A i gyh ckr r ks ; g fd ft l d Fkk ; k ft l xzaFk d s vk/ kj i j; g LFkku [ kkst k x; k gS og i zekf. kd ugha] D; ksafd vf/ d ka' k ml esa jpuk, a xq#nso t h d sl ed kyhu d fo; ksa d h gSa ft l esa fofp=k ukVd * d s Hkh d qN va' k ' kafd r gSa A

t ksfxUnj % eSa l e>k ugha ckr d ks foLr kj i woZd cr kvks A

vt hr % gekjs ; gk¡ n' ke xzaFk* uke d h , d d kO; jpuk gS ft l esa d gk t kr k gS fdxq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d h Hkwr i woZ t Ue d h d Fkk gS A ml h r Fkk&d fFkr xzaFk d s vk/ kj i jyxHkx 1930 esa , d LFkku [ kkst fud kyk x; k A ft l d ks xq#nso t h d s Hkwr i woZ r i ksLFkyd k uke fn; k x; k A vc è; ku ; ksX; ckr ; g gS fd ; g xzaFk xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s nsgkUrd s yxHkx 20 o"kZ i ' pkr HkkbZ euh fl a?k t h }kjk jpk x; k A ft l l e; mud ks Jh njckjl kfgc ver l j d k eq[ ; xzaFkh fu; qDr d j d s ekr k l qUnjh t h (xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d hi Ruh) us Hkst k Fkk A okLr o esa HkkbZ euh fl a?k t h d k fd l h xzaFk d k vyx l s jpuk d jusd k mn~ns' ; ugha Fkk A og r ks d soy xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d h j fpuk, a l axzg d j d s xq# xzaFkesa l fEefyr d juk pkgr s Fks A i jUr q fl [ k l axr ( i aFk) us , sl k d jus l s mUgsa jksd k r Fkkd gk fd t c xq#nso t h us Lo; a vi uh ok. kh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa l fEefyr ugha d h r ks vki, sl k D; ksa d juk pkgr s gSa \ ; fn vki , sl k d jus esa l Qy gks t kr s gS r ks Hkfo"; esa d ksbZHkh xq# xzaFk d h ok. kh esa gLr {ksi d jd s ml esa euekuh d jus d k vf/ d kj i zkIr d j l d r k

{56}

gS A vr % fu. kZ; ; g gqvk fd , d u; k xzaFk r S; kj fd ; k t k, a A vc l eL; k ; g Fkh fdxq#nso t h d h ok. kh t ks i zpfyr Fkh ml d s vfr fjDr ok. kh d gk¡ l s i zkIr d h t k, D; ksafd; q¼ksa d s d kj . k vkuani qj NksM+r s l e; r Fkk l j l k unh i kj d jr s l e; l Hkh l kfgR; u"V gksx; k Fkk A r c HkkbZ euh fl a?k t h us mu d fo; ksa d h l gk; r k i zkIr d h t ks xq#nso t h d si kl muds njckj eas vi uh&vi uh jPkuk, ¡ l qukr s Fks r Fkk , d &nwl js dh jpukvksa i j fopkjxksf"B; ksa d k vk; kst u d j r s Fks A vc bu d fo; ksa esa d qN , d , sl s Fks t ks l e; d k ykHkmBkuk pkgr s Fks vr % mUgksaus vi uh jpuk, ¡ xq#nso t h d s uke l s HkkbZ euh fl a?k t h d ks nsnh A vc HkkbZ euh fl a?k d ksbZ n<+r k l s fu.kZ; ugha ys i k, fd d kSu&d kSu l h jpuk, ¡ xq#nsot h d h gSa r Fkk d kSu&d kSu l h jpukvksa eas t kyl kt h gS A vr % mUgksaus l Hkh jpukvksa d ks, d ft Yn esa , d xzaFk d s : i esa l axzg d j fy; k r Fkk vfUr e fu. kZ; d s fy, mUgksaus ckri aFk i j NksM+ nh fd t c i aFkd fo}ku , d =k gksxsa r ks og d Pph ok. kh r Fkk i Dd h ok. kh d kfu. kZ; Lo; a d j ysaxs i jUr q , sl k l EHko ugha gks i k; k D; ksafd ml l e; i ¡t kc d s xoZujt d jh; k [ kk¡ us fl [ kksa d ks ckxh (Øk¡fUr d kjh) yksx ?kksf"kr d j fn; k ft l l s ' kkl d ksa r Fkkfl [ kksa d s chp xksfjYyk ; q¼ yxHkx 50 o"kZ r d pyr k jgk A bl yEcs l e; esa i aFkdfo}kuksa d h , d =kr k u gks i kbZ] ; fn gqbZ Hkh gks r ks ml l e; d s Toyar i z' uksa d s l ek/ kur d gh fopkj& foe' kZ gksr k j gk A bl fy, bl xzaFk esa d ksbZ l a' kks/ u ugha gks i k; k AT; ksa&T; ksa l e; O; r hr gksr k x; k R; ksa&R; ksa bl xzaFk d s l q/ kj esa fo}kuksa esa er Hksn mRi Uugksr s x; s A l q/ kj d k; Z u gks l d us d s d kj . k d fBukbZ; k¡ c<+r h xbZ A vc gky ; g gS fdvf/ d ka' k fo}ku dqN , d i zekf. kd jpukvksa d ks NksM+ ckdh d k xzaFk nwl js d fo; ksa d k ekur sgSa A bl fy, os gsed q. B LFkku d ks Hkh ekU; r k i znku ugha d j r s A

t ksfxUnj % i jUr q ekU; r k D; ksa ugha nsr s \ bl esa r d Z l axr ckr D; k gS \

vt hr % vki esjs , d i z' u d k i gys mÙkj ns r ks eSa vki d ks bl d s i hNs d k r d Z cgqrl jyr k l s cr k i kÅ¡xk A

t ksfxUnj % i qfN, A

vt hr % t Sl k fd ge t kur s gSa fd d qN , d t oku gh vi us cycwr s i j d eh' ku

{57}

i zkIr d jd s vksfQl j cu t kr s gSa i jUr q vf/ d ka' k vksfQl j MkbZjSDV d eh' ku i zkIr fd ; s gq,gksr s gSa A vc cr kvks , sl s esa d kSu l s vksfQl j vPNh fLFkfr esa gSa \

t ksfxUnj % MkjSDV d eh' ku i zkIr d jus okyk vksfQl j vPNh fLFkfr esa gS A

vt hr % vc cr kÅ¡ t c ge ; g ekur s gSa fd xq#nso t h ml vd ky i wj [ k }kjk Hkst smud s nkl vFkkZr nwr gSa r ks gesa mud s Hkwr i woZ t Ue d s r i ksLFky d h D; k vko' ; d r k i M+xbZ A ; g mud k eku gS ; k vi eku \ ckr ; gha i j l ekIr ugha gksr h A gekjs nwl js xq#nsovaxn nso t h] l r xq: d h i zkfIr l s i gys HkkbZ ysg. kk d s : i esa oS". kksa nsoh d s n' kZuksa d s fy,d VM+s uke LFkku i j t kr s Fks A Bhd bl h i zd kj vej nkl t h l r xq: d h i zkfIr l s i gys20 o"kZ r d xaxk Luku d s fy, t kr s Fks A fd Ur q ge yksxksa us mud s t hou d ks nks Hkkxksaesa ck¡Vk gS A ge d soy ml t hou d ky d ks ekU; r k i znku d j r s gSa ft l esa og l r xq: d h' kj . k esa vkd j xq# nh{kk xzg. k d j ysr s gSa vFkkZr xq# nh{kk l s i gys okys t hou d ky d ksd ksbZ egÙo ugha fn; k t kr k A , sl s esa vc vki gh cr k, ¡ fd Hkwr i woZ r i ksLFky d k D; kvkSfpR; jg t kr k gS A

t ksfxUnj % vki d h ckr esa r F; r ks gS i jUr q d qN yksx vi us vod k' k d s fnuksa esa ; kxfeZ; ksa d h NqfV~; ka] bR; kfn O; r hr d jus d s fy, i gkM+h {ks=kksa esa fi d fud d s fopkj l s t kr sgSa vr % ge eku ys fd , d i aFk nks d kt vr kZFk , d fo' ks"k l eqnk; d ks l a; qDr : i esaeuksjat u d s fy, , d fo' ks"k LFky r Fkk , d fo' ks"k y{; ysd j vi uk vfHk; ku d jus esabl l s l gk; r k ; k i zsj . kk feyr h gS r ks ml esa gkfu D; k gS ugha r ks yksxksa us r ks fi d fud d juhgh gS A og ; gk¡ u t kd j d gha vkSj HkVd sxas A

vt hr % fd l h gn r d vki Bhd d gr s gSa A i jUr q n' ke xzaFk d h jpuk, a xq# xzaFkl kfgc d h ok. kh d h l S¼kafr d d l kSVh i j [ kjh ugha mr j r h A

l q[ knso % [ kkus d k l e; gks x; k gS A pyks [ kkuk [ kk; sa A

l Hkh [ kkuk [ kkus pyus yxr s gSa fd r Hkh l keku fy, gq, jRu NqV~Vh d kVd j oki li gq¡pr k gS A

{58}

vt hr % jRu HkbZ; k] d Sl s gks \ pyks i gys [ kkuk [ kk ysa A

l Hkh jRu dk l keku mBkd j cSfjd esa j [ k nsr s gSa r Fkk jRu d ks MkbZfuax gky esa ys t kr sgSa A

foDVj % jRu HkkbZ l qukvks ?kj i j l c Bhd &Bkd gSa \ NqV~Vh d Sl s O; r hr gqbZ \

jRu % l c Bhd &Bkd gSa A cl et +s l s NqV~Vh O; r hr gqbZ A

vt hr % vki d k i zksxzke r ks d gh fons' k t kus d k Fkk \

jRu % l c Bhd d j d s vk; k gw¡ A cl oht +k d h ckr jg xbZ gS A ml d s feyr s ghu; k t hou ' kq: d j nw¡xk A

r Hkh jRu t sc l s fl xzsV fud ky d j i hus yxr k gS ft l l s vt hr d h r jQ nqx±/ i w. kZ/ qvka vkus yxr k gS A

vt hr % ns[ kks jRu eSa u t kus fd r us mRl kg l s r qEgkjs vkus d k bar t kj d j jgk Fkki jUr q , d r qe gks fd i kl cSBs d k Hkh è; ku ugha j [ k i kr s gks A

jRu % D; k ckr gks xbZ gS \

vt hr % ; g Hkh r qEgsa cr kuk i M+sxk fd r qeus D; k fd ; k gS \ D; k r qEgsa f' k"VkpkjHkh fl [ kkuk i M+sxk \

jRu % ekQ d juk eSa l e>k ugha A

vt hr % r qEgkjk nks"k ugha A vl y esa r qe u' ks d s br us xqyke gks pqd s gks fd r qEgsavPNs&cqjs d k Hkh , gl kl gh ugha jgk A

jRu % vksg eSa l e>k A eq>s ekQ d juk A eSaus fl xzsV fi ; k gS A

vt hr % vki us u d soy fl xzsV i h; k gS cfYd esjs eq¡g i j ml d k / q¡vk Hkh QSad k gSA

{59}

jRu % eq>s {kek d juk A eq>l s ; g l c xqLr k[ kh vut kus esa gqbZ gS A

vt hr % r qEgsa vHkh vk; s vk/ k ?kaVk Hkh ugha gqvk fd bl chp eSa ns[ k jgk gw¡ fd r qer hu ckj l s Hkh vf/ d fl xzsV i h pqd s gks A

jRu % eSusa r qEgkjs gh d gus i j d ksf' k' k d h Fkh fd bl s NksM+ nw¡] i jUr q ; g ugha NwVr hAbl d s fy, eSa cscl gw¡ A

vt hr % og d kSu l h ckr gS t ks ugha gks l d r h A ; fn d ksbZ vkRefo' okl l s d jsAbl d k vFkZ gS r qEgkjs esa n<+r k r Fkk vkRefo' okl uke d h d ksbZ pht + gS gh ugha A eq>s l e>ugha vkr k fd r sjs t Sl k vf/ d f' kf{kr ] cqf¼t hoh r Fkk / k£ed fopkjksa okyk O; fDr vi usi ko i j vi us vki D; ksa d qYgkM+h ekjs t k jgk gS A

jRu% D; k er yc \

vt hr % er yc fcyd qy l kQ gS A ns[ kks r ks ! r qeus vi us ' kjhj d h D; k gkyr cukj [ kh gS A r qEgkjh vk¡[ ksa i hyh i M+ jgh gSa A u' ks us r sj k ' kjhj [ kks[ kyk d j fn; k gS A

jRu % eSa r ks vkt d y [ kqjkd d h r jQ d kQh è; ku ns jgk gw¡ A

vt hr % bZykt + l s i jgst + cM+h pht + gS A ml [ kqjkd l s D; k gksxk A t c r d fdr qe vi us ewy j ksx d ks l e>d j ] bu u' kksa l s NqVd kjk ugha i kr s A

jRu % vc D; k d : ¡ A cqjh vknr t ks i M+ x; h gS A

vt hr % vc vPNh l axr esa bl cqjh vknr d ks R; kx D; ksa ugha nsr s \

jRu % r qe esjh et cwjh ugha l e> l d r s !

vt hr % vHkh eSa r qEgsa , d nq' eu d h r jg yx jgk gksÅ¡xk A i jUr q eSa r qEgkjk fgrpkgus okyk gw¡ A t c r qEgkjs nq' eu r qEgkjs l keus fe=k cud j vk; sa r ks r qe mud ks i gpkuugha i k; s A mUgksaus r qEgsa fe=k cukd j u' kksa d h yr Mkyh r Fkk r qEgsa l nk d s fy, u' kksa d kf' kd kj cukd j udkjk d j fn; k A okLr o esa os HksM+ dh [ kky i fgus HksfM+; s Fks A D; k r qe ugha

{60}

t kur s Fks fd ; g fl xzsV r qEgsa d kSu&d kSu l h fcekfj ; k¡ mi gkj esa fn; s t k jgh gS \

jRu % eSa ; g ekur k gw¡ fd ; g l sgr d s fy, cgqr uqd l kunsg gS A i jUr q D; k d : ¡\ jgk ugha t kr k !

vt hr r qe fnu esa fd r uh fl xzsV i hr s gks \

jRu % ; gh d ksbZ nks i Sd sV A

vt hr % , d i Sfd V fd r us d k vk t kr k gS r Fkk , d esa fd r uh fl xzsVsa gksr h gSa \

jRu % , d i Sfd V 3 : i ; s d k gS r Fkk , d esa 10 fl xzsVsa gksr h gSa A

vt hr % bl d k vFkZ ; g gqvk fd r qe 6 : i ; s jkst + r Fkk , d eghus esa 180 : i ; s d hfl QZ fl xzsVsa gh i hr s gks A ckd h l Hkh [ kpZ feykd j r qEgkjs i kl ?kj Hkst us d ks d qN ugha cpi kr k gksxk A

jRu % ugha HkkbZ ?kj Hkh 200 : i ; s Hkst nsr k gw¡ A

vt hr % og d Sl s \ yxHkx 200 : i ; s ekfpl l fgr fl xzsV] yxHkx 50 : i ; s jebR; kfn d s] 20&25 : i ; s pk; r Fkk osV d SaVhu d s] 50 : i ; s Li S' ky [ kqjkd nsl h ?kh] QyvaMs bR; kfn r Fkk 75 : i ; s jkst +ejk d s [ kpZ l kcqu] r sy] l Sy] Mkd fl usek vFkkZr l h-, e-Mh-d SaUVhu d s d qy feykd j [ kpZ gqvk 400 : i ; s A [ kSj Bhd gS 200 : i ; s l s vf/ d Hkstl d r s gks A

jRu % gk¡] yxHkx 400 : i ; s l s Åi j gh [ kpZ gks t kr k gS A

vt hr % i jUr q eq>s cgqr nq%[ k gksr k gS fd r qe vi us cPpksa d s eq¡g l s ; g : i ; k fudkyd j u' kksa i j [ kpZ d j r s gks t cfd bul s fcYd qy cpk t k l d r k gS A i r k ugha r qe yksxksad ks ; g , gl kl D; ksa ugha gksr k fd ge vi uh br uh d M+h esgur d h d ekbZ / qa, esa D; ksa mM+k; st k jgs gSa A ge bl i Sl s d s i hNs gh ?kj&ckgj] i Ruh&cPpksa d ks NksM+d j HkVd r s fQj jgsgSa \

{61}

foDVj % vt hr HkkbZ] og vHkh&vHkh vk; k gS A ml d s i hNs D; ksa i M+ x; s gks A

vt hr % t ks vkneh fl QZ vi us i j v i uh vkenuh d k nks fr gkbZ [ kpZ d j nsr k gSt cfd yxHkx gj i zd kj d k l jd kjh ÝzÚh [ kpZ ge i j gks gh jgk gS ; fn l kjk [ kpZ [ kqn ghd juk gks r ks ; g D; k d jsxk \

t Qj % ; g l c Bhd gS t ks d qa, esa fxjr k gS A ml s fxjus nks A eq>s l e> esa ugha vkr kfd r qeus l ekt l q/ kj dk Bsdk ys j[ kk gS D; k \

bl i j l Hkh ' kkar gks t kr s gSa r Fkk [ kkuk [ kkd j MkbZfuax gky l s cSfjd ksa esa oki l ykSVr syxr s gSa A

v' kksd pyks HkkbZ fjDjs' ku : e esa d Sje [ ksysa A

vt hr % vkt ge Fkd s gq, gSa A d qN eu ugha gS A

v' kksd % Bhd gS d Sje ugha [ ksysaxs A vi uh og i zse d Fkk r ks i wjh d j Mkyks A

vt hr % ckr ; g gS fd d qN yksxksa d k gekjs esa Hkh gkt +ek d et +ksj gS A og l k/kj . k l h ckr Hkh i pk ugha i kr s A bl fy, d gkuh d ks ogha d h ogha jgus nks A

v' kksd % eSa l e>k ugha D; k ckr gks xbZ gS \

vt hr % ogh d y d h esjh d gkuh l Hkh d k ppkZ d k fo"k; cuh gqbZ gS A

v' kksd % geesa l s r ks d ksbZ , sl k ew[ kZ gS ugha t ks vi us ; gk¡ d h ckr ksa d ks mM+k; s r FkkO; aX; d js A

vt hr % l ksp r ks eSa Hkh ; gh jgk Fkk fd ; g d kSu gks l d r k gS \

v ' kksd % Bhd gS fjd j s' ku : e d ks NksM+ks A cl ; gha i j l quk Mkyks A

vt hr % eSaus d y bl h ckr d ks ns[ kus d s fy, ukf; d k (i zsfed k) d k uke ugha cr k; kFkk A

{62}

v' kksd % vkt ge ogha fxus&pqus fe=k gSa A vc l quk Hkh Mkyks A

vt hr % ns[ kks d y eqgjZe d h NqV~Vh gS A bl fnu ge l c yksx Qql Zr esa gksaxs Abl fy, ; g euksjat u d k i zksxzke d y d s fy, Bhd jgsxk A

l Hkh bl ckr i j l ger gks t kr s gSa r Fkk foJke d s fy, vi us&vi us fcLr jksa esa i gq¡pt kr s gSa A nwl js fnu l Hkh l qcg fuR; d eZ l s NqVd kjk i kd j uk' r k d jus yxr s gSa A r Hkhfot ; t Qj l s d gr k gS A

fot ; % t Qj HkkbZ vkt eqgjZe d k R; kSgkj gS A fQj gks t k; s bl h [ kq' kh esa nkorr sjh r jQ l s A

t Qj % yks HkkbZ vkSj l quks] v j s eSa r ks l qUuh eqLyeku gw¡ A

vt hr % (fot ; l s) r q>s ekywe Hkh gS fd eqgjZe D; k gS \

fot ; % ugha r ks A

vt hr % t Qj HkbZ; k r qEgha bl s eqgjZe d s ckjs esa foLr kj l s cr kvks A

t Qj % HkbZ; k l p r ks ; g gS fd eq>s Hkh Bhd l s ekywe ugha A

fot ; % vt hr D; k r qEgsa ekywe gS eqgjZe d s ckjs esa \

vt hr % D; ksa ugha] eSa gh r qEgsa cr ykr k gw¡ µ

oSl s r ks l eLr ekuo l ekt d s l Hkh l Ei znk; nks Hkkxksa esa c¡Vs gq, gSa t Sl s & fØ' pu] , djkseu dSFkksfyd ] nwl js gSa i zksVSLVSaV A eql yeku , d r ks l qUuh gSa nwl js gSa ' kh; k_ fgUnw&vk; Zl ekt hr Fkk l ukr uh_ fl D[ k & vd kyh r Fkk uke/ kjh A Bhd bl h i zdkj ckS¼ r Fkk t Su l Ei znk;Hkh nks vyx&vyx oxks± esa caVs gq, gSa A esjs d gus d k vFkZ gS ewy er Hksn bu l Hkh esa , dgh ckr d ks ysd j gS A og gS vi us bZ"V d h mi kl uk i z. kkfy; ksa esa] , d l kd kj : i Bhdekur s gSa r Fkk nwl j s fujkd kj : i A cl bl h i j l Hkh d k foHkkt u gS A [ kSj ] vc geeql yekuksa d s foHkkt u i j vkr s gSa A eqgEen l kfgc d s i ' pkr ~~ d qN yksxksaus mud s ukr h

{63}

gql Su l kfgc d ks Hkh i SxEcj ekuk A bl ckr i j eql yekuksa esa vki l esa er Hksn gS A eqgEend ks gh i SxEcj ekuus okys yksx l qUuh d gykr s gSa r Fkk eqgEen l kfgc d s l kFk gql Su l kfgcd ks i SxEcj ekuus okys vi us d ks ' kh; k d gyokr s gSa A

vc ge eqgjZe i j vkr s gSa A eqgjZe ' kh; k eql yekuksa }kjk euk; k t kus okyk , d ' kksd i w. kZR; kSgkj gS A bl d h d Fkk bl i zd kj gS & gt +j r eqgEen l kfgc d s nks ukr h Fks A , d d kuke gl u r Fkk nwl js d k uke gql Su Fkk A gql Su l kfgc d s t hou d ky d h ?kVuk gS fdmudk fj ' r k , d ; qor h l s d j fn; k x; k i jUr q ml ; qor h dks nwl jk jkt k ' kknh d jd s ys x; kA cl bl h ckr d ks ysd j nksuksa i {kksa esa Hk; ad j ; q¼ gqvk ft l d s i fj . kkeLo: i gql Su l kfgcj . k{ks=k eas ' kghn gks x; s A okLr o eas bud h i jkt ; d k eq[ ; d kj . k pwgksa }kjk i kuh d h e' d ksad ks d kVuk Fkk D; ksafd j . k{ks=k esa i kuh u fey i kus l s r Fkk cgqr vf/ d xehZ l s bud h l sukHkkx [ kM+h gqbZ A ml l e; gql Su l kfgc Hkh , d l w[ ks r Fkk i qjkus d qa, esa fNi x; s ft l i jed M+h us r qjUr t kyk cuk fn; k i jUr q t Sl s ' k=kq ogk¡ i gq¡pk r ks , d fxj fxV us og t kyk r ksM+fn; k ft l l s ' k=kqvksa us gql Su l kfgc d ks ns[ k fy; k r Fkk mud h gR; k d j nh A bl gR; k d sjks"k d ks i zxV d jus d s fy, mud s vuq; kbZ ' kh; k eql yeku eqgjZe , d ekÙke ds : i esa eukusyxs A

foDVj % ; g r ks Bhd gS A mud ks ' kghn d j fn; k x; k A i jUr q ; g yksx r ks v i usvki d ks cgqr i hVr s gSa A oSl s gekjs Hkh i SxEcj ; l w el hg (ØkbLV) l kfgc d ks ' kghn fd ; kx; k gS A ge r ks bl i zd kj d k ' kksd ugha eukr s D; k vi us d ks i hVus ; k fd l h i zk. kh d hgR; k d jus ek=k l s og ykSV vk; saxs \

vt hr % vki d k i z' u Bhd gS i jUr q gS cgqr my>k gqvk A bl fy, eSa bl d k mÙkjugha ns i kÅ¡xk A oSl s eSa vi us ; gk¡ d h ckr cr kr k gw¡ fd gekjs i k¡posa xq# vt qZu nso r FkkukSosa xq# r sx cgknqj l kfgc t h d ks Hkh ' kghn d j fn; k x; k Fkk i jUr q ge yksx mud s mi ns' kksad s vuql kj ; g l c i zHkq d k [ ksy d gd j ' kkUr e; <ax l s mud h ; knxkjksa r Fkk ' kghnh fnol ksad ks eukr s gSa A

okLr o esa gekjs xq: t uksa us ge yksxksa d s fy, ml l e; , d fo' ks"k mi ns' k fn; k A

{64}

t ks u# nq[ kq eS nq[ kq ugh ekuS AA

l q[ k l usgq v# HkS ugh t k d S d apu ekVh ekuS AA ( i "B 633)

vFkkZr ogh O; fDr egku gS t ks nq%[ k l q[ k nksuksa esa , d j l t hou O; r hr d j r k gS Ar Fkk nq%[ k vkus i j vi us jkLr s l s fopfyr ugha gksr k r Fkk nq%[ k esa l q[ k l s Hkh vf/ d / S; Zl s l e; d kVr k gS A i zHkq d k , d gqDe ekud j l g"kZ Lohd kj d j ysr k gS A fojks/ d jusd h d Yi uk Hkh ugha d j r k A

foDVj % r qe Bhd d gr s gks A okLr o esa egki q: "k ogh gksr s gSa t ks bl h i zd kj d sfl ¼kar ksa i j t hou t hr s gSa A fcYd qy bl h i zd kj d s mi ns' k ØkbZLV d s Hkh Fks A

fot ; % eSaus r ks l qu j [ kk gS fd eqLyekuksa d s ewy oa' k t ks Hkkj r esa vk; s os f' k; keql yeku d gykr s gSa r Fkk ft u Hkkjr okfl ; ksa us mudh ckr sa ; k mi ns' k l qud j bLyke Lohd kjfd ; k os l qUuh d gykus yxs A

vt hr % r sjs d ks fd l h us cgd k fn; k gS r Fkk r sjs Kku esa cgqr cM+h d eh jgh gS AokLr o esa f' k; k l qUuh bLyke d s nks l ai znk; gSa r Fkk bud h efLt nsa Hkh vyx&vyx gksr hgSa r Fkk buesa vki l esa fookg Hkh ugha gksr s A ; g , d nwl js d k d M+k fojks/ d j r s gSa r Fkkbuesa vki l esa d qN er Hksn gSa ft ud s d kj . k d bZ ckj bu yksxksa esa Hk; ad j >xM+s gksr s gSa Aesjs d gus d k r kRi ; Z ; g gS fd ; g yksx gj nf"V l s vi us vki d ks vyx&vyx vfLr Roesa cuk; s j [ kr s gSa A

l q[ knso % vkt d k D; k i zksxzke gS \

fot ; % cgqr fnuksa l s d i M+s ugha / ks; s A vkt unh i j l Hkh d i M+s / ksus pysaxs A

foDVj % vki yksxksa d ks ; kn gS vkt Vw vkbZ l h (2I/C) l Safd .M&bu&dekaM l kfgci ksl fVax i j t k jgs gSa A bl fy, mud h i kVhZ gS A

v' kksd % og r ks nksi gj d ks gS A r c r d r ks ge oki l ykSVd j r S; kj Hkh gks t k; saxsA

{65}

t Qj % r qe ogk¡ d i M+s / ksus FkksM+s gh t kvksxs A ogk¡ r qe yksxksa us r Sjuk ' kq: d j nsukgS A cl ogha i j nksi gj gks t k; sxh A

vt hr % ugha ugha A t Ynh ykSV vk; saxs A r qe Hkh pyks r ks vPNk jgsxk A

l Hkh vi us&vi us eSys d i M+s ysd j unh d h r jQ pys t kr s gSa r Fkk ogk¡ i j d i M+s/ ksuk i zkjEHk d j nsr s gSa A

fot ; % ns[ kks vt hr ] r qeus t ks d i M+s fHkxks; s gSa A buesa d qN gS A

vt hr % gk¡&gk¡] ; kn vk; k A eSaus i SUV d h t sc esa cqYys' kkg d h d kfQ; ksa d h fd r kcj [ kh gqbZ Fkh A

v' kksd % ns[ kw¡ r ks ; g d Sl h fd r kc gS A

vt hr % ; g i ¡t kch Hkk"kk r Fkk xqjeq[ kh esa gS A i <+ l d ksxs \

v ' kksd % vPNk r ks r qe gh bl esa l s d ksbZ vPNh l h ckr l quk Mkyks A

vt hr % vPNk r ks l quks A

uk d gw¡ vc d h uk d gw¡ r c d h AA

vxj uk gksr s xq: xksfcan fl a?k] l qUur gksr h l cd h AA (cqYys' kkg)

fot ; % bl d k D; k vFkZ gqvk \

vt hr % cqYys' kkg l wQh d fo gq, gSa A og , d egRoi w.kZ , sfr gkfl d ?kVuk d k o. kZud j r s gq, d g jgs gSa fd ; fn xq# xksfcan fl a?k us vkSjaxt +sc d s t +qYeksa fl r e d h uhfr ; ksa d sfo: ¼ l a?k"kZ u fd ; k gksr k r ks vkt Hkkj r o"kZ esa eql yekuksa d s vfr fjDr vkSj d ksbZ nwl jkl Ei znk; gksus d k i z' u gh u Fkk A

t Qj % i r k ugha D; ksa r sjh ut +j esa vkSjaxt s+c cqjk r Fkk t +kfye vkneh gS i jUr q eSaus r ks

{66}

; g i <+k gS fd vi uh jkst +h jksVh [ kqn Vksfi ; k¡ l hd j d ek; k d jr k Fkk r Fkk [ kt +kus esa l s , di Sl k Hkh ugha ysr k Fkk A

vt hr % vki d ks HkbZ; k Hkwy gqbZ gS og uL: n~nhu Fkk u fd vkSjaxt +sc A

t Qj % eSaus vkSjaxt +sc d s ckjs esa Hkh , sl k gh i <+k gS A

vt hr % gks l d r k gS fd fd l h pEeps us ml d s pfj =k i j i nkZ Mkyus d s fy,uL: n~nhu d h t xg vkSjaxt s+c d j fn; k gks A

t Qj % fQj r qEgha cr kvks fd vkSjaxt +sc d k pfj=k d Sl k Fkk \

vt hr % t c vkSjaxt s+c d k fi r k ' kkgt gk¡ ; g egl wl d jus yxk fd eSa chekj jgusyxk gw¡ vc esjs cl d k ' kkl u pykuk ugha gS r ks ml us vi us cM+s csVs nkjkf' kd ksg d ks vi uhxn~nh nsus d h Bkuh r Fkk vkSjaxt s+c vkSj nwl js csVksa d ks nwl js i zkUr ksa d s xouZj cuk d j nwj Hkstfn; k A nkjkf' kd ksg okLr o esa l wQh Qd hjksa d h l axr esa jgd j et +gch t uwu l s cgqr nwjFkk A ml d s fopkj cgqr Å¡ps r Fkk l Ei znk; fuj i s{k Fks A cl bl ckr d ks ysd j vkSjaxt s+cus vi us HkkbZ; ksa d ks cqykd j i jksi sxaMk ' kq: d j fn; k fd nkjkf' kd ksg d kfQj gS A ml d s jgr sbLyke [ kr js esa gS A bl fy, fnYyh d s ' kkl u d s fy, og Bhd ugha gS A vxj r qe esjhenn d jks r ks eSa nkjkf' kd ksg d ks gVkd j fnYyh d s r [ r i j r qe nksuksa esa l s , d d ks cSBk nwaxkr Fkk eSa bcknr d jus t axy esa pyk t kÅ¡xk A cl fQj D; k Fkk A og nksuksa vkSjaxt +sc d hckr ksa r Fkk ' kkl u ds ykyp esa vk x; s A r Hkh vkSjaxt sc us mud ks vi us l kFk feykd j fnYyhi j vkØe.k d j fn; k ft l l s ml d h fot ; gqbZ A D; ksafd nkjkf' kdksg d ks Qd hjksa d h l axreaas jgd j ' kkl u d k eksg Fkk gh ugha A t Sl s gh fnYyh d k d Ct k vkSjaxt s+c d s gkFk vk; kml us [ kq' kh d s t ' ku d h nkor d s cgkus nksuksa HkkbZ; ksa d ks [ kkus esa fo"k feykd j ns fn; kft l l s mud h ogha i j eR; q gks xbZ r Fkk nkjkf' kd ksg d ks d qN fnu i ' pkr ~~ l jsvke pk¡nuhpkSd esa d Ry d j fn; k A ml d s ckn ml d k fl j , d Fkkyh esa <dd j vkxjs d s yky fdysesa d Sn vi us fi r k ' kkgt gka d ks bZn eqckjd okys fnu HksaV esa Hkst fn; k A i gys r ks ' kkgt gkal kspus yxk vkf[ kj csVk gS bZn d h [ kq' kh esa vPNs&vPNs i d oku Hkst s gksaxs i jUr q t c ml us

{67}

: eky mBk; k r ks Fkkyh esa cM+s csVs d k fl j ns[ kd j og ogha i j csgks' k gksd j ej x; k A [ kSj--- bl l s i gys d h ?kVuk, ¡ l quks A t c fnYyh i j vkSjaxt sc us d Ct k d j fy; k r ks l c l si gys ml us vi us fi r k ' kkgt gka d ks vi uh d Sn esa fy; k r Fkk ml d ks vkxjs d s yky fd ysesa can d j fn; k A ml , d kar e; okr koj . k l s Åc d j ' kkgt gka us vkSjaxt s+c d ks i =k fy[ kfd csVs esjk eu ugha yxr k A esjs d ks l e; fcr kus d s fy, d ksbZ l k/ u pkfg, l ks r qe esjsi kl d qN cPpksa d ks fHkt okus d k i zcU/ d j nks ft l l s eSa mud ks d qjku ' kjhQ i <+k fn; kd : axk A bl l s esjk l e; d V t k; sxk A bl i =k d s mÙkj esa vkSjaxt s+c us vi us fi r k d ksfy[ kk fd vCck gt +wj vHkh vki d ks gd wer d jus d k u' kk mr jk ugha A vc vki d qjku' kjhQ i <+kus d s cgkus cPpksa i j gd wer pykuk pkgr s gSa r Fkk bl d s i ' pkr ~ ml us vi usfi r k i j gh t qYeks fl Re d jus ' kq: d j fn; s A vc ' kkgt gka us Hkw[ k I; kl l s r ax vkd jvkSajxt s+c d ks nwl jk i =k fy[ kk fd csVs ft ud ks d kfQj d gr s gSa og okLr o esa fd r us vPNsgSa A og vi us fi r jksa d s ejus d s ckn Hkh Hkkst u r Fkk i kuh Jk¼ d s : i esa d jkus d k i z; Rud j r s gSa i jUr q r qeus eq>s Hkw[ kk I; kl k ekjus d k d ke ' kq: d j fn; k gS A bl d s mÙkj esavkSjaxt +sc fy[ kr k gS vCck r qe >wB cksy jgs gks A ft l L; kgh l s r qeus eq>s i =k fy[ kk gSml esa i kuh r qeus d gk¡ l s Mkyk gS A vxj br uh gh I; kl yxh Fkh r ks ml i kuh d ks L; kghesa u Mkyd j i gys vi uh I; kl cq>k ysr s A

cl vc vki yksx vuqeku yxk l d r s gSa fd og fd r uk t +kfye O; fDr Fkk ft l usd soy ' kkl u d s ykyp esa vi us r hu HkkbZ r Fkk fi r k d ks ekSr d s ?kkV mr kjk A ; gha cl ughaml us d bZ l wQh Qd hjksa dks Hkh fcuk fd l h d kj .k dsoy et +gch t uwu esa vkd j ejok fn; kAvc vki gh cr kvks , sl s gR; kjs] t +kfye] eDd kj O; fDr l s fd l h i zd kj d h vPNkbZ d hvk' kk d h t k l d r h gS \

; g nnZ Hkjh nkLr ku l qu l Hkh gDd s&cDd s jg t kr s gSa fd , d csVs us ' kkl u d sykyp esa va/ s gksd j vi us fi r k r Fkk vi us r hu funkZs"k HkkbZ; ksa d h bl i zd kj csjgeh r FkkeDd kjh l s gR; k d h A

bl chp l Hkh vi uk&vi uk d ke l ekIr d j cSfjd ksa d h vksj ykSVr s gSa r Fkk t Ynh l sVw vkbZ-l h- l kfgc d h i kVhZ d s fy, r S; kj gks t kr s gSa A vkt nksi gj d k Hkkst u cM+s [ kkus*

{68}

d s : i esa l Hkh us , d LFkku i j , d=k gksd j d juk gS bl fy, MkbZfuax gky [ kwc l t k; k t kjgk gS A vHkh i kVhZ eas d qN l e; ckd h gS i jUr q goynkj est j us vHkh l s t okuksa d ksfuf' pr LFkku i j cSBkuk ' kq: d j fn; k gS A t c l c yksx fuf' pr LFkku i j cSB t kr s gSar c goynkj est j vks-l h- l kfgc d ks l Hkh i zd kj d h r S; kjh d h l wpuk nsr k gS A r Hkh l HkhvQl j l kgcku vks-l h- l kfgc d s l kFk gky esa i zos' k d j r s gSa r Fkk mud s Lokxr d s fy,gksynkj est j d k gqDe feyr s gh vi us&vi us LFkku i j l ko/ ku gks t kr s gSa r Fkk vks-l h-l kfgc d s gqDe l s l Hkh t oku i qu% l k/ kj . k voLFkk esa vk t kr s gSa A ml l e; l Hkh d s l keusi M+s gq, Xykl l h/ s fd , t kr s gSa r Fkk ml esa je* Mkyh t kr h gS A r Hkh Hkk¡fr &Hkk¡fr d sO; at u d h IysVsa l kFk esa yxk nh t kr h gSa A l Hkh pql fd ; k¡ ysr s gSa i jUr q vt hr d k XyklvHkh Hkh [ kkyh gh i M+k gS A

fot ; % vt hr HkkbZ vkt r ks gekjk l kFk nsus d s fy, FkksM+h l h ys gh yks A

vt hr % D; k eSa l kFk ugha ns jgk gw¡ A l Hkh i zd kj d s O; at uksa i j eSaus r sjs l s T; knk gkFkl kQ fd ; k gS A

fot ; % ; g yky i jh Hkh p[ kks u A

vt hr % ; fn d ksbZ ehBh yky i jh gS r ks eq>s d ksbZ , r jkt + ugha A i jUr q ; g r ks cgqrd M+oh gksr h gS A

fot ; % i h d s r ks ns[ kks A d M+oh esa ehBh l s yk[ k et +k vkr k gS A

vt hr % vjs HkkbZ ! eSaus d bZ ckj p[ kh t +: j gS i jUr q eq>s bl d s i hr s uQjr gh gqbZ gSAns[ kks r ks esjs fy, ehBh pht + ykbZ t k jgh gS A

r Hkh goynkj est j vt hr dh est i j : vQt +k (LdS'k) dh cksr y j[ kd j pyk t kr kgS vkSj vt hr je d h r jg Ld S' k d s i Sx cuk&cuk d j i huk ' kq: d j nsr k gS A

vt hr % fot ; vc r ks vki [ kq' k gSa u \

fot ; % bl d k D; k i huk A ; g yky i jh fi ; ks A

{69}

vt hr % : gvQt +k Hkh yky gh gS A cl esjs fy, ; gh yky i j h gS A

fot ; % Bhd gS A eSa cl FkksM+h l h r qEgkjs Xykl esa Mkyr k gw¡ A i h d s r ks ns[ kks A

r Hkh fot ; d qN Mªki je vt hr ds Xykl esa Mkyr k gS r Hkh cnys esa vt hr : gvQt +kfot ; d s Xykl esa Mkyr k gS A je d s ehBs gksus i j fot ; dks dqN T; knk u' kk gks t kr k gSAi jUr q vt hr cgqr l ko/ kuh l s fot ; d h vk¡[ k cpkd j vi us Xykl d ks i yV nsr k gS r FkkfQj l s og : gvQt +k d s t ke r S; kj d j i hus d k vfHku; d j r k gS A vf/ d i hus d sykyp eas yxHkx l Hkh FkksM+s u' ks esa gks t kr s gSa r Fkk d qN yksx cgd us yxr s gSa i jUr q vt hrbl ' kqHk l e; d k i wjk&i wjk ykHk mBkr s gq, l Hkh i zd kj d s eu pkgs Lokfn"V O; at uksa d ks[ kkr k pyk t kr k gS A

je d k nkSj [ kRe gksr s gh [ kkuk yxk; k t kr k gS A l Hkh [ kkuk [ kkr s gSa i jUr q d qN vf/d i h t kus d s d kj . k d qN yksx [ kkuk Bhd <ax l s ugha [ kk i kr s A i jUr q vt hr cM+h [ kq' khd s l kFk vi uh eui l Un d k [ kkuk [ kkr k gS A [ kkus d s i ' pkr ~~ vks-l h- l kfgc Vw vkbZ-l h-l kfgc d s fo"k; esa mud h fonkbZ i j Hkk"k. k nsr s gSa r Fkk mud ks Qwyekyk i gukr s gSa l kFk gh, d mi gkj ; qfuV d h r jQ l s HksaV nsr s gSa A bl i zd kj ; g cM+s [ kkus d k d k; ZØe l ekIrgks t kr k gS A Vw vkbZ-l h- l kfgc l Hkh t okuksa l s gkFk feykd j fonkbZ ysr s gSa r Fkk t hi i jcSBd j jsyos LVs' ku d s fy, py nsr s gSa A l Hkh t oku mud s fy, ukjs yxkr s gSa A

Vw vkbZ-l h- l kfgc d h fonkbZ d s ckn l Hkh yksx vi us&vi us fcLr jksa i j foJke d s fy,i gq¡p t kr s gSa A

foDVj % vt hr HkkbZ ns[ kks l Hkh u' ks esa gSa bl fy, r qe t kd j jRu d ks l EHkkyks a ml usd qN T; knk i h yh gS A vc ml d ks d S (mfYV; k¡) gksus yxh gS A

vt hr % ; g i <+k fy[ kk ew[ kZ gS A vxj ' kjkc ÝzÚh d h Fkh r ks i sV r ks vi uk Fkk A FkksM+hl EHky d j i huh Fkh A

foDVj % vxj ' kjkch d ks br uh vDy gks r ks ml s ' kjkch d kSu d gs \

{70}

vt hr % jRu dks l EHkkyr k gS r Fkk ml dk eq¡g gkFk / qyokd j ml dks fcLr j i j fyVknsr k gS A r Hkh l keus okyh cSfjd esa l s t ksjksa l s , d nwl js d ks xkfy; ksa nsus r Fkk >xM+us d hvkokt sa vkr h gSa A

vt hr % yks foDVj HkkbZ l keus okyksa us r ks ekspkZ [ kksy fn; k gS A

foDVj % ; g ew[ kZ i huk r ks t kur s gSa exj i pkuk ugha A

vt hr % l p r ks ; g gS fd ; g yksx i huk Hkh ugha t kur s A

foDVj % og d Sl s \

vt hr % vkt bu yksxksa d s l keus d bZ i zd kj d s Lokfn"V i d oku i M+s Fks A i jUr q buyksxksa d h fuxkg cl je* i j gh Fkh A fd l h us Hkh d qN [ kkl ugha [ kk; k A fl QZ ' kjkci j gh t ksj fn; k A cl bl h ckr l s vki t ku yks fd ; g yksx l w[ kh ' kjkc gh i hr s gSa At cfd l kFk esa [ kkus d ks Hkh l c d qN Fkk A

foDVj % r qeus r ks [ kwc [ kk; k gksxk \

vt hr % D; ksa ugha vkt vPNk ekSd k Fkk A l ks eSaus r ks [ kwc eky mM+k; k vkSj ' kjkfc; ksad ks Hkh [ kwc mYyw cuk; k A

foDVj % vi us yksxksa esa r ks fl QZ jRu d h gh gkyr [ kjkc gS A ; g esjs l kFk gh cSBkFkk A ml us d ksbZ T; knk Hkh ugha i h Fkh A

vt hr % vl y esa ml dh i kpu ' kfDr cgqr det +ksj gks xbZ gS A gj l e; fl xzsV r Fkkgj fd Le d h ' kjkc i h&i h d j bl us vi us vki d ks [ kks[ kyk d j fy; k gS A

foDVj % D; k ; g BjkZ&ojkZ Hkh i h ysr k gS \

vt hr % i wNks er A ; g r ks pksjh fNi s cuus okyh t +gjhyh ' kjkc Hkh ugha NksM+r k]t ksfd l Syksa r Fkk ; wfj ; k t Sl h t +gjhyh pht +ksa l s cukr s gSa A

{71}

foDVj % bl d k r ks cl i zHkq gh ekfyd gS A

vt hr % ; g NqV~Vh t kus l s i gys vi us , e-vkbZ- : e eas x; k Fkk A MkDVj l s pSd &vid jkus i j MkDVj us [ kwu d h cgqr d eh cr kbZ Fkh r Fkk dgk Fkk fd r sjk yhoj d ke ugha d jjgk gS A vr % mUgksaus] bl s nokbZ; k¡ fy[ kd j nh Fkha r Fkk l e; i j i z; ksx d jus d h l ykg nhFkh A

foDVj % vHkh Hkh bl us u' ks cUn u fd ; ss r ks ; g FkksM+s fnuksa d k gh esgeku gS A

vt hr % ; g ejsxk r ks D; k \ bl us pkj i kbZ i d M+ ysuh gS r Fkk vi uh nsoh t Sl h i Ruhd s fy, i gkM+ t Sl h eql hcr sa [ kM+h d j nsuh gSa A

foDVj % i r k ugha , sl s yksx ' kknh gh D; ksa d j r s gSa \

vt hr % , d funkZs"k yM+d h d k t hou ud Z cukus d s fy, A t +jk l kspks ; g l kjhr u[ okg esa l s fl QZ 200 : i ; s ?kj Hkst r k gS A bl eagxs t +ekus esa bl d h i Ruh ?kj d k [ kpZd Sl s pykr h gksxh \ br us i Sl ksa l s r ks ?kj d k j k' ku Hkh i wjk ugha gksr k A

&ú&

foDVj % pyks HkkbZ A jksy d ky d k l e; gks x; k gS A

r Hkh l Hkh l ekpkj i =k ogha i j j [ kd j pys t kr s gSa A jksy d ky l ekIr gksus i j l Hkh[ kkuk [ kkus d s fy, pyr s gSa A

t Qj % D; k ckr gS \ [ kkuk ugha [ kk; k A

fot ; % jgus nks HkkbZ vkt bl d k ozr gS A

vt hr % ozr &ozr d k r ks eSa <ksax jpr k gh ugha A gk¡ br uh ckr t : j gS fd r qe yksxozr d g l d r s gks A i jUr q esjk , sl k d jus d k d qN vkSj gh vFkZ gksr k gS A

foDVj % fQj r qe vkt d kSu l k ozr d j jgs gks \

{72}

vt hr % ozr ' kCn d k okLr fod vFkZ gksr k gS ' ki Fk ysuk A eSa t c Hkh d ksbZ ozr ysr kgww¡ t ks l nk fuHkk l d w¡ t Sl s u' kk u d jus d k ozr ] >wB u cksyus d k ozr ] jkst + vi uh Hkw[ kl s , d jksVh d e [ kkus d k ozr bR; kfn] bR; kfn A

fot ; % fQj vc fd l ckr d k ozr gS \

vt hr % ogh d e [ kkus d k ozr fuHkkÅ¡xk D; ksafd l qcg ; g ozr vki yksxksa }kjkr qM+ok; k x; k Fkk A

fot ; % geus d c d gk fd r qe t +: j r l s T; knk [ kkvks \

vt hr % eq>s r ks vi uk Qt Z fuHkkuk Fkk A vki yksxksa us vi us fgLl s d k Hkh esjs fy,NksM+ fn; k r ks eq>s r ks vki yksxksa d h bTt r d s fy, og l Hkh IysVsa l kQ d juh Fkha A [ kSj--- vc vki yksx esjs fgLl s d s [ kkus d ks ck¡V ysuk A ckr cjkcj gks t k, xh A

t Qj % r qe r ks d e [ kkus d k ozr ysr s gks r Fkk gesa gekjs [ kkus d s bykok vi uk [ kkukHkh ns j gs gks A

vt hr % ' kqØ gS vki esjh ckr d k vFkZ l e>s gSa A vjs HkkbZ vi uh Hkw[ k l s d e , djksVh [ kkus i j fd l h d ks d ksbZ fcekjh gksr h ns[ kh ugha xbZ A i jUr q t ks yksx Hkw[ k l s vf/ d[ kkr s gSa mUgsa uk t kus fd r uh fcekfj ; k¡ gksr s ns[ kh x; ha gSa A bl fy, eSa l qcg d h xbZ xyr hd s i ' pkr ki Lo: i , d l e; d h Hkw[ k gM+r ky i j gw¡ A

bl i j v t hr d ks NksM+ l Hkh [ kkus d s fy, pys t kr s gSa A t c vt hr vd syki uegl wl d j r k gS r ks fjDjs' ku : e esa fQj l ekpkj i =k r Fkk i f=kd k, ¡ i <+us pyk t kr k gS A

v' kksd % vt hr HkkbZ eSa r qEgsa cSfjd esa <w¡< jgk Fkk vkSj r qe gks fd ; gk¡ vd sys gh cSBsgks A

vt hr % r qe cr kvks [ kkuk [ kk fy; k fd ugha \

v ' kksd % eSaus r ks [ kkuk [ kk fy; k gS A gk¡ r sjh i zsed Fkk d ks l quus vk; k gw¡ A

{73}

vt hr % Bhd ; gh mfpr l e; gS i jUr q ckd h yksxksa d ks Hkh vkus nks A

r Hkh ckjh&ckjh l Hkh [ kkuk [ kkd j vkr s gSa r Fkk vt hr d s l keus ' kr jat dh est + d svkl &i kl cSB t kr s gSa A

fot ; % gk¡ HkkbZ vt hr fQj ogh d gkuh l quk Mkyks A

vt hr % vPNk r ks eSa r qed ks vkt l s yxHkx 12 o"kZ i woZ esa ys pyr k gw¡ A ; g l Hkhvr hr d h ?kVukvksa d h ; knsa eq>s Hkh ehBh yxr h gSa A t c vki yksx eq>s d qjsnr sa gks r ksu t kus eq>s Hkh cgqr Hkyk l k yxr k gS A

gk¡ r ks ge nksuksa vi us u; s fo| ky; vFkkZr vkbZ-Vh-vkbZ- esa i zos' k i k pqd s Fks r Fkk geusvi uh f' k{kk i zkjEHk d j nh Fkh A ; g r ks eSa i gys gh cr k pqd k gw¡ fd os nksuksa fo| ky;fcYd qy , d l kFk Fks i jUr q muesa , d vkB QhV Å¡ph nhokj [ khaph gqbZ Fkh t ks mud ksvyx&vyx d j r h Fkh A bl fy, fo| kFkhZ , d nwl j s d ks ns[ k ugha l d r s Fks i jUr qfo| ky; d h Åi j d h eaft y i j ; g l eL; k Fkh gh ugha A ogk¡ i j ge cs jksd &Vksd, d&nwl js d ks fugkj l d r s Fks A vDl j i zSDVhd y d ks NksM+ ckd h l Hkh gekjh Dykl sa Åi jgh gksr h Fkha A bl fy, d bZ bÙkQkd , sl s gksr s Fks fd ge , d &nwl js d ks vfHkoknu d jr sr Fkk vi us d ks l kekU; cuk; s jgr s A i gys&i gy r ks gekjs fe=k l gi kBh vuqeku ugha yxki k; s fd ge , d nwl js d ks t kur s gSa A bl fy, og vi us vYgM+i u d k i fjp; nsr s r Fkkd bZ i zd kj d s xyr fQd js d l r s i jUr q eSa t c Hkh mud s i kl gksr k r ks mud k fojks/ d jmudks l e>kus d k i z; Ru d jr k fd ; g l c xyr gS A bl l s d qN feyus okyk ugha A bli zd kj r ks ge vi us gh vè; ki d ksa d h nf"V l s fxj t k; saxs r Fkk t ks vki yksx pkgr s gSa ogd Hkh Hkh l EHko ugha A i gys&i gys r ks os yksx esjh ckr vul quh d j nsr s Fks A i jUr q cknesa os gekjh jkst + d h fNi k&fNi h] vk¡[ k fepkSyh d ks d qN&d qN t kuus yx x; s r Fkk yxsesjs l s r jg&r jg d s i z' u i wNus fd r qe ml yM+d h d ks d c l s t kur s gks \ r Fkk r qEgkjhfe=kr k d c l s gS \ bR; kfn A eSa Hkh / qu d k i Dd k Fkk A cl Vkyus d s fy, ; gh d gnsr k fd ; gha i j vki yksxksa d s chp jgr s i fjp; gqvk gS A i jUr q os yksx d gk¡ ekuus okysFks A ml d s ckn mUgksaus og cpd kuk gjd r sa fcYd qy gh NksM+ nha r Fkk esjk vuql j . k d jus

{74}

yxs A bl i j eSaus d g fn; k fd fd l h d k eu t hr uk gks r ks i gys vi us l H; gksus d ki zek. k nks A cl fQj D; k Fkk A ogk¡ i j d k; k i yV gks xbZ A d gk¡ gekjh Dykl sa NqVusi j nwl jh r jQ d h yM+fd ; k¡ [ kM+h gks gh ugha i kr ha Fkha i jUr q vc ; g gky Fkk fd ml r jQd ksbZ xyr nf"V l s ns[ kr k Hkh ugha Fkk A bl d k i fj . kke ; g gqvk fd ogk¡ d h yM+fd ; k¡ Hkhesjs ckjs esa t kuus yx x; ha r Fkk os esjs l kfFk; ksa d h r jQ vkd f"kZr gksus yxha A D; ksafd gekjhnksuksa d h d bZ HksaV okr kZ; sa gksr s gq, mu yM+fd ; ksa us j kLr s esa vkr s t kr s ns[ kh Fkh A l p r ks; g gS fd 16&17 o"kZ d h vk; q d qN gksr h gh , sl h gS fd ge , d &nwl js d s ckjs esa t kuusd s fy, cgqr mRl qd jgr s gSa r Fkk cgqr t Ynh , d&nwl js dh r jQ vkd"V gksr s gSa A bl fy,ge l gi kBh , d &nwl js d ks d qjsnr s fd r sjh Hkh d ksbZ i zsfed k gS fd ugha A cl , sl h ckr ksaeaas ge yksx vi us vod k' k d k l e; O; r hr d jr s A , sl h ckr ksa l s t gk¡ gekjk euksjat u gksr kogk¡ ge yksx , d &nwl js d s ân; esa meaxs i Snk d j nsr s fd d k' k esjh Hkh d ksbZ egcwck gksr ht ksfd esjh i zsj . kk cu t kr h A

; g d gkor fcYd qy l p gS fd I; kj fNi k; s ugha fNi r k A cl d qN fnuksa esa gekjsI; kj d s fd Ll s l Hkh fo| kfFkZ; ksa d h t qcku i j Fks i jUr q geus d Hkh Hkh vi uk / S; Z ugha NksM+kAge gj l e; vi us d ks l kekU; cukus d k i z; Ru d jr s jgr s A bl l s gekjs ckjs esa d kukQwl hd qN gh fnuksa esa l ekIr gks xbZ r Fkk gekjh ppkZ; sa fcYd qy l k/ kj . k l h ckr cud j jg x; haft l l s gesa vkxs pyd j bl ckr l s cgqr l gk; r k feyh A ge nksuksa vDl j , d gh jkLr s d sjkgh gksus d s d kj . k vki l esa feyr s r Fkk jkLr s Hkj [ kwc ckr sa d jr s jgr s i jUr q vc gekjhr jQ d ksbZ è; ku ugha nsr k Fkk A vc ge pkjksa vksj l s Lor a=k Fks A bl fy, gekjh d qN?kfu"V fe=kr k gks xbZ Fkh A vc ge vki l esa vkSi pkfjd ckr ksa l s d bZ vf/ d , d &nwl jsd s fo"k; esa ckr sa d j r s Fks A bl esa ?kjsyw l eL; k, a vf/ d gqvk d j r ha A bl fy, gesa , sl kegl wl gksr k fd ge , d &nwl js d ks l fn; ksa l s t kur s gSa r Fkk , d &nwl js d s ?kj d s l nL; gSai jUr q okLr fod r k ; g Fkh ge d Hkh Hkh , d nwl js d s ?kj ugha x; s Fks A cl ; w¡ gh l e> yksd qN l kekft d nhokjksa r Fkk d qN l kEi znkf; d cU/ ukssa d s d kj . k A i jUr q , sl k Hkh u Fkk fdml d s ?kj okys d qN t kur s u gksa A ml d s cM+s HkkbZ eq>s vPNh r jg t kuus yxs Fks Abl fy, , d fnu eSaus i wN gh fy; k fd D; k r qEgkjs cM+s HkkbZ us gekjh fe=kr k i j d ksbZ vki fÙk

{75}

r ks ugha d h A og cksyh] i gys&i gy r ks og eq> i j cj l i Ms+ Fks i jUr q eSa Hkh mud h , dfo' ks"k d et +ksjh d k ykHk mBkr h gqbZ cksyh fd ge t c nksukas HkkbZ&cfgu , d gh fcekjh dsf' kdkj gSa r ks eq> i j gh vki fÙk D; ksa A cl og fQj d qN l ksp d j l nk d s fy, ' kkUr gks x, Abl i j eSaus i wNk og jgL; eq>s ugha cr kvksxh D; k \ og cksyh D; ksa ugha A yks l quks ¶HkbZ; kd s nÝr j esa , d fØf' p; u yM+d h d ke d jr h gS A og r Fkk HkbZ; k fookg d juk pkgr s gSaAi jUr q ?kj d h i jEi jk] ekue; kZnk d s d kj . k og ekr k&fi r k d s l keus vi uh t qcku [ kksyusd k l kgl ugha d j l d r s A oSl s Hkh vHkh mud h ' kknh l s i gys gekjh cM+h cfgu d h ' kknhgksuh gS A fQj eSaus i wNk fd vHkh ml d s fj ' r s d h ckr d gk¡ i j i gq¡ph gS \ r c ml uscr k; k fd bu fnuksa , d t xg ckr py jgh gS vk' kk gS fd ckr i Dd h gks t k; sxh A i jUr qog yM+d k jax d k l kaoyk gS r Fkk bl d s l kFk psgjs i j d ksbZ [ kkl d f' k' k Hkh ugha A bl fy,cfgu d ks vki fÙk gS i j ml d h l qusxk d kSu \ bl fy, ; g fj ' r k gks t k, xk A fQj eSausi wNk fd ; g d ksbZ [ kkl voxq.k ugha gS ft l d s fy, vki fÙk d h t k; sA og cksyh fd gekjkcsod wQksa d k l ekt t ks ckr sa fj ' r s ukr s esa ns[ kus d h gksr h gSa og r ks ns[ kr k ugha r Fkk t ks ckr saegÙoghu gSa ft ud k d ksbZ vfLr Ro gksr k gh ugha] mud s i hNs i M+s jgr s gSa r Fkk vi us ghgkFkksa vi us cPpksa d s Hkfo"; d ks ud Z esa Mky nsr s gSa A r Hkh eSaus i wNk] ¶D; k ckr gks xbZ\ ¸ og cksyh] ¶ckr ; g gS t c vPNs ; qod ksa d s fj ' r s vk; s r ks esjs ek¡&cki d ks xks=k r Fkkt Ue i f=k; ka r Fkk jkf' k; ka feykus d k Hkwr l okj Fkk A t c l e; fud y x; k r ks vc og' kDysa r Fkk vDysa Hkh feykus d h t +: j r ugha egl wl d j jgs gSa A r c eSaus d gk fd eq>sr qe l s i wjh l gkuqHkwfr gS A okLr o esa , sl k gksuk ugha pkfg, A fj ' r s ukr s r ; d j r s l e;ekr k&fi r k d ks ' kkjhfjd ] ekufl d ] vkfFkZd r Fkk l kaLd fr d l s esjk Hkko gS jgu&l guvFkkZr vkpkj&fopkj A ft l l s i fr &i Ruh , d nwl js d s ?kj esa t Ynh gh vi uki u egl wld jsa A i jUr q og cM+s nq%[ kh eu l s d gus yxh & ; g l c d gk¡ \ ; g l c r ks l i us Hkjgh gSa A eSaus fQj i wNk fd vPNk r ks cr kvks ml yM+d s esa d ksbZ [ kkl voxq. k vkSj Hkh gS\ og d gus yxh eq>s r ks og , d vk¡[ k Hkh ugha Hkk; k A D; ksafd og t c r d gekjs ; gk¡jgk fl xzsV i h&i hd j vi uk i sV Qwd r k jgk A cr kvks , sl k vkneh vkxs pyd j D; k d jsxkA bl fy, eq>s r ks ml d k Hkfo"; gh va/ d kje; fn[ kkbZ nsr k gS A ft l s vi us ' kjhj d k

{76}

è; ku ugha A ft l us vi us / u d k nq: i ; ksx gh d juk gS r Fkk l eLr okr koj . k d ks nwf"krgh d juk gS A bl l s r ks d qaokjh gh vPNh gS u esjh cfgu A bl ckr d ks chp esa gh NksM+eSaus i wNk r sjh cM+h cfgu gekjh fe=kr k i j vki fÙk r ks ugha d jr h A i gys&i gys og Hkh dqNfpM+&fpM+ d jr h Fkh A i jUr q t c eSaus ml s l e>kr s gq, d gk fd r sjh ' kknh d k vkt r dD; k gqvk gS A t ks Hkh yM+d k : <+hoknh fopkjksa l s cpr k gS d Hkh og r qEgsa i l an ugha vkr kr ks d Hkh og r qed ks i l an ugha d j r k A d Hkh ngst i j ckr vVd t kr h gS] d Hkh gekjsek¡&cki d ks d ksbZ vkSj nks"k ut +j vk t kr k gS A cl bl r jg r w , sl h gh d qaokjh jg t k; sxhAvc r qe esjs j kLr s esa D; ksa j ksM+s vVd k jgh gks \ bl i j og yxHkx ' kkUr gks xbZ gS r Fkkd Hkh fojks/ ugha d j r h A cfYd gekjh fe=kr k esa fnypLi h ysus yxh gS A

cl bl i zd kj ge yxHkx jkst + feyr s r Fkk jkLr s esa t h Hkj ckr sa d j r s A , sl s gh l e;g¡l h [ kq' kh d Vr k x; k A vc esjs ?kj i j Hkh esjs gko&Hkko dks ns[ kd j esjh ek¡ d ks d qN ' kdgksus yxk Fkk fd yM+d s d k gj l e; g"kZ mYykl esa jguk d ksbZ l k/ kj. k ckr ugha A ; g d ghaeu yxk cSBk gS A bl d s l kFk mud s d kuksa esa d bZ feyus&t qyus okyksa }kjk Hkud Hkh i M+pqd h Fkh A [ kSj --- , d fnu og Hkh vk x; k A , d ' kke ge ckr ksa esa O; Lr ?kj ykSV jgs Fksr ks vpkud , d eksM+ i j ge nksuksa d ks esjh ek¡ us ns[ k fy; k A t c mud k l keuk vpkudgqvk r ks eSa d qN >asi x; k A i jUr q esjh i zsfed k us l kgl fn[ kkr s gq, >V l s vi us d ks l EHkkykr Fkk cgqr Lusgi w.kZ esjh ek¡ dks l r ~ Jh vdky dg d j vfHkoknu fd ; k A bl l s esjh ek¡ us ml sI; kj fd ; k r Fkk i wNk csVh d gk¡ jgr h gks \ ek¡ ; g esjs l kFk gh i M+r h gS r Fkk l keus okyhxyh esa bl d k ?kj gS A bl NksVh l h ckr d k esjh ek¡ i j cgqr i zHkko i M+k A cl ; gha i jmUgksaus eq>s d gk vPNk bl s ?kj i j ykuk A eSaus r qjUr fl j fgykd j l gefr ns nh A vxysfnu t c ge feys r ks og eq>l s d gus yxh fd r sjh ekr k : <+hoknh fopkjksa d h ekywe gh ughagksr h A r c eSaus mÙkj fn; k µ esjs ekr k fi r k : <+hoknh ugha gSa A os r ks ekuor k oknh gSa Aog gj ckr d ks r d Z r Fkk nyhy i j i j [ kr s gSa A mUgksaus vi us d ks l e; d s vuql kj cnyfy; k gS A bl i j og i wNus & yxh D; k r qEgkjs ; gk¡ fj ' r s ukr s d j r s l e; t Ue&i =kh]xks=k r Fkk jkf' k bR; kfn r ks ugha feykr s \ ; g l qud j eSaus d gk µ D; ksa eq[ kks± t Sl h ckr sa d jr hgks ! ; g l c eSaus r sjs eq[ k l s gh l quk gS A l p r ks ; g gS fd gekjs ; gk¡ fd l h d h Hkh

{77}

t Ue&i =kh gS gh ugha A bl fy, bl d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A bl i j og i wNus yxh µt c ge ukbZV d kWyst esa i <+r s Fks r ks mUgha fnuksa r qEgkjh cfgu d h ' kknh gqbZ Fkh A D; k mll e; , sl k d qN ugha ns[ kk x; k A bl i j eSaus ml s l e>kr s gq, d gk & ugha] fcYd qy ughaA; g t kud j r qEgsa vk' p; Z gksxk fd esjh cfgu d k fookg var Zt kr h; gqvk gS A esjs cguksbZd h okLr fod ekr Hkk"kk gekjh ekr Hkk"kk l s fcYd qy fHkUu gS A cl esjs ekr k&fi r k us d soyesjh cfgu d h : fp; ksa r Fkk ml d k ' kkjhfjd ] ekufl d l ekur kvksa d ks en~nsut +j j [ kr s gq,ml d s fy, oj <wa<k Fkk A i jUr q ml s esjs bl mÙkj i j l Ur ks"k ugha gqvk A og d gus yxh& ckr fl QZ l kekft d O; ogkj d h ugha gS A ; gk¡ ckr d qN vkSj Hkh gS A vxj gekjs chpngst d h nhokj [ kM+h gks t k; s r ks ; g ckr ml d s fy, vf/ d xaHkhj Fkh A eSaus ml s / S; Z nsr sgq, d gk & esjh cfgu d s fj ' r s d s vol j i j esjs cguksbZ l kfgc us cgqr Li "V ' kCnksa esad gk Fkk fd eSa fd l h i zd kj d k ngst ysus d s fo: ¼ gw¡ A i jUr q esjs ekr k&fi r k us mUgsavi us fopkjksa l s voxr d jkr s gq, d gk fd csVk okLr o esa ; g jhfr &fjokt + gekjs i woZt ksa uscgqr l ksp l e> d j u; s nEi fÙk d ks vi uh ubZ xgLFkh cukus d s fy, cukbZ Fkh A ft l l su; s nEi fÙk xgLFkh esa i zos' k d jr s gh i gkM+ t Sl h eql hcr ksa l s u nc t k; sa A D; ksafd ; fn og' kq: &' kq: esa gh NksVh&NksVh ?kjsyw l kexzh bDV~Bh d jus esa gh vi uh l kjh vk; [ kpZ d jusyxsaxs r ks mud s i kl d qN cpsxk ugha r Fkk og bl h >esys esa , d nwl js l s my> i M+saxs A bli zd kj mud h xgLFkh cgqr t Ynh fc[ kj d j jg t k; sxh A bl fy, , d u; s nEi fÙk d ks ojr Fkk o/ w nksuksa i {kksa }kjk mi gkj Lo: i d qN u d qN jkst +ejkZ d h ?kjsyw oLr qvksa eas l s d qN nsusd h i zFkk cukbZ xbZ gS A bl l s fd l h , d i j d ksbZ cks> ugha i M+r k r Fkk u; s nEi fÙk d k ?kjcl t kr k gS A i jUr q l e; r Fkk i fj fLFkfr ; ksa us fo' ks"kd j gekjs / uh l ekt us bl i zFkk d ksxyr eksM+ i j ykd j [ kM+k d j fn; k gS A ft l l s ; g u; s nEi fÙk d s fy, ojnku d s LFkkui j v fHk' kki cud j jg x; k gS A okLr o esa d qN ykyph yksxksa us ngst d s uke i jcM+h&cM+h QjekbZ' ksa r Fkk ywV [ kl ksV ' kq: d j nh gS A bl fy, t ks Hkh oj i {k ngst d s ukei j d ksbZ QjekbZ' k ; k ekax d j r k gS r ks ml d k d M+k fojks/ gksuk pkfg, A

cl bl i zd kj gekjs chp gj jkst + fopkjksa d k vknku i znku pyr k jgr k A vc geyksx f} r h; o"kZ eas Fks A mUgha fnuksa ml d h cfgu d k fookg ml ds ek¡&cki us cM+h / we/ ke l s

{78}

cgqr l kjk ngst nsd j d j fn; k A ft l l s ml d s ek¡&cki d t +Znkj gks x; s A bl l s mud s ?kjd s okr koj .k esa vc , d f[ kapko jgus yxk A og vDl j eq>l s bl d h ppkZ Hkh fd ; k d jr hFkh A , d fnu eSa ml s ekSd k ns[ k ?kj ys x; k A vpkud ged ks bDV~Bs ns[ k esjh ek¡ usml d k HkO; Lokxr fd ; k A bÙkQkd l s ml fnu eka d s vfr fjDr vkSj d ksbZ ?kj u Fkk Abl fy, mu nksuksa esa d qN {k. k vkSi pkfjd r k d s ckn [ kwc ?kqy&fey d j ckr sa gksus yxha A

v' kksd % vt hr HkbZ; k] vc r ks uke cr kvks u A

vt hr % fd l d k uke \

v' kksd % vi uh fi z; s d k \

fot ; % gk¡&gk¡ gekjh HkkHkh r qEgkjh fi z; d k uke A

vt hr % okLr o esa r qEgkjh HkkHkh esjh i zs; l h gS A vFkkZr esjh fi z; s A cl ; g ml d k ukegS A D; ksafd eSa ml d ks bl h uke l s l Ecks/ u d j r k gw¡ fi z; k* A

v' kksd % r ks Bhd gS A bl ' kCn d ks d gkuh esa Hkh i z; ksx d jks A

vt hr % vkt fi z; k d ks , d vPNk vol j gkFk yxk Fkk A bl fy, og vi us eud h l Hkh i zd kj d h ' kad k; sa fud ky nsuk pkgr h Fkh A fi z; k d k l cl s cM+k i z' u ; gh Fkk fdgekjs ohp , d l kEi znkf; d nhokj gS A ; g d Sl s VwVsxh \ bl d s mÙkj eas esjh eka us cgqrgh l gt Hkko l s d gk µ ns[ kks csVh ! ft l i zdkj fd l h , d mi k/ h ; k fMxzh d ks i zkIr d jusd s fy, cgqr l s fo| kFkhZ vyx&vyx Ld wyksa d kWyst ksa esa vyx&vyx vè; ki d ksa r Fkkvyx&vyx i qLr d ksa }kjk f' k{kk i zkIr d j r s gSa] i jUr q mu l cd k y{; , d gh gksr k gS At cfd muds vè; ki dksa us vi uh&vi uh cqf¼ r Fkk vi uh&vi uh : fp; ksa d s vuql kj f' k{kknsuh gS A bl d s vfr fjDr Ld wy d kWyst ksa d k f' k{kk Lr j Hkh fHkUu&fHkUu gksr k gS A bl d sl kFk&l kFk muesa vuq' kkl u d s fu; e Hkh fHkUu&fHkUu gksr s gSa A mnkgj. k d s fy, i fCydr Fkk d kUosaV Ld wyksa esa A vc ge ; g d Sl s d g l d r s gSa fd og fo| kFkhZ xyr f' k{kk i kjgk gS r Fkk ge Bhd gSa A okLr o eas d ksbZ Hkh xyr ugha gS A l Hkh vi uh&vi uh : fp r Fkk

{79}

l qfo/ k d s vuql kj f' k{kk i k jgs gSa A fQj Hkh l Hkh t kur s gSa fd d kUosaV Ld wy mÙke gS A; gk¡ d s vf/ d ka' k fo| kFkhZ Å¡ps i nksa i j t Ynh i gq¡p t kr s gSa A i jUr q l Hkh d s cl d k ughagksr k fd og d kUosaV Ld wyksa esa f' k{kk i k; s A , d r ks ogk¡ d k vuq' kkl u cgqr d M+k gksr k gSAnwl jk] ogk¡ d k [ kpZ cgqr vf/ d gksr k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj l Hkh efUnj] fxj t s] efLt nr Fkk xq#}kjs vkè; kfRed fo| k d s fy, vyx&vyx fo| ky; gh gSa A gk¡ br uk t +: j gS fdfl [ kksa d k vkè; kfRed f' k{kk i j d M+k vuq' kkl u gS r Fkk ; gk¡ d h vkè; kfRed f' k{kkd eZ&dk¡Mksa] : f<+oknh fopkjksa] vkMEcjksa r Fkk i k[ kaMksa l s cgqr nwj gS A bl fy, ; g cgqr l jygksr s gq, Hkh d qN R; kx r Fkk d M+k i fjJe ekaxr h gS A t ks gj , d d s cl d k ugha gS AfcYd qy ml h i zd kj ft l i zd kj gj , d d s cl d k ugha gksr k d kUoasV t Sl s mPp vuq' kkl uokys Ld wyksa esa i <+uk A i jUr q t ks ml d s xq. kksa d ks t kur s gSa og ml esa i <+us d s fy, r j l r sgSa A Bhd bl h i zd kj ft Ugksaus fl D[ k i jEi jk r Fkk Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh d k vè; ; ufd ; k gS og bl i zxfr ' khy l ekt esa l fEefyr gksus ds fy, O; kdqy jgr s gSa A D; ksafd fl D[ kfl ¼kar vk/ qfud r Fkk oSKkfud gS A bl l cd s mi jkUr esjh ek¡ us ml d h Hkkoukvksa d sl e>r s gq, ml d h ft Kkl k ' kkUr d jus d s fy, d gk A csVh Hkys gh l S¼kafr d nf"V l sfl [ ker bLyke d s fud V gS i jUr q l kekft d nf"V l s HkkbZpkjk fgUnqksa d s l kFk vf/ dfud Vr k d k gS A , d ml i zHkq d h l kd kj mi kl uk esa fo' okl j [ kr k gS r ks nwl jk fujkd kjmi kl uk esa A okLr o esa gekjh i jEi jk esa f' ko r Fkk Hkxor h ' kCnksa d ks i kjczã i jes' oj d sfy, i z; ksx fd ; k x; k gS r Fkk mUgha d ks vi uk bZ"V eku d j mi kl uk fcuk ewfr Z d s dh t kr hgS A mnkgj . k d s fy, ge fuR; i zfr fnu i zkFkZuk d j r s gSa µ

1) nsg f' kok cj eksgs bgS AA' kqHk d j eu r s d cgqa u Vj kSa AA

2) okj Jh HkxkSr h t h d h i kr ' kkgh ûúJh HkxkSr h t h l gk; AA

mi ; qDr nksuksa okf.k; k¡ xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h }kjk j fpr jpuk, sa gSa A bl fy, ml d s l kFki kr ' kkgh ûú ' kCn vafd r gS A

{80}

bl okr kZyki l s fi z; k d kQh l Ur q"V t ku i M+r h Fkh A bl fy, og vkt cgqr [ kq' k FkhAr Hkh ml us esjh ek¡ l s fonk gksus d h vkKk ekaxh r Fkk eSa ml s ml d s ?kj NksM+us pyk x; k jkLr seas eSaus ml s cr k; k fd xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa i kjczã i jes' oj d s fy, cgqr l s i ; kZ; okph ' kCnksad k i z; ksx fd ; k gqvk feyr k gS t Sl s µ jke] gfj ] xksfcUn] xksi ky] nkeksnj ] ' ; ke] okl qnsobR; kfn i jUr q fl D[ k fl ¼kar ksa d s vuql kj ; s l Hkh uke fujad kj i zHkq&i jes' oj d s fy, i z; ksxgksr s gS t cfd l ukr e / eZ d s yksx bu ukeksa d ks fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k d s fy, i z; ksx d jr sgSa [ kSj--- vi okn Lo: i d gha&d gha jpuk d s fo' ks"k l anHkZ vuql kj jke* ' kCn n' kjFk i q=k jked s fy, Hkh feyr k gS i jUr q efgek d soy jkse&jkse esa jes jke d h gh gS Bhd bl h i zd kjf' ko r Fkk HkxkSr h ' kCn ml i zHkq&i jes' oj d s i ; kZ; okph uke gS A r kRi ; Z ; g fd xq#ok. khfcYd qy ekSfyd vkSj U; kjs fl ¼kar d k i zfr i knu d j r h gS A d soy l R; fl ¼kar d ks n<+d jkus d s fy, d qN yksd d Fkkvksa d s n"Vkar mnkgj . k d s : i esa vo' ; fn; s gS A D; ksafdl R; Loa; LFkku] d ky l s Åi j gS og i zR; sd n' kk esa , d gh : i esa i zxV gksr k gS A t cfd>wB (feF; k) ckr i zR; sd {k. k vi uk : i cny ysr h gS vkSj ml d s vusd : i gks l d r s gSaAl kj ; g gS fd vU; l Ei znk; ksa d s / kfeZd xzaFkksa esa ; fn d ksbZ l R; gS r ks og vo' ; xq# xzaFkl kfgc esa Hkh fo| eku gS D; ksafd l R; d k l nSo , d gh Lo: i l oZ=k i k; k t kr k gS A

bl d s ckn esjh ek¡ d s ân; esa fi z; k d h l w>cw> d k vPNk i zHkko i M+ x; k Fkk A nwl jhr jQ esjh fi z; k d s eu i j Hkh esjh ek¡ ds ' kCnksa dh Nki i M+ pqd h Fkh A og eu gh eu mud si zfr vFkkg J¼k d jus yxh Fkh A

cl d qN fnu vkSj chr x; s A , d fnu ml us (fi z; k) eq>s cr k; k fd ml d h cfgu: B d j vk xbZ gS A ; g t kud j eSaus i wNk fd , sl h d kSu l h ckr gks xbZ gS ft l i j mud keueqVko gqvk gS A bl i j fi z; k cksyh ogh eqbZ fl xzsV d k gh fc[ ksM+k gS A ; g l qud j eSausd gk , sl h D; k ckr gks xbZ cgqr l s yksx fl xzsV i hr s gh gSa A bl i j og cksyh i hr s gksaxs Ai jUr q gj pht + d h d ksbZ l hek gksr h gS A , sl k Hkh D; k u' kksa dk xqyke gks t kuk fd fd l h pht +d h l q/ gh u jgs A ; g l qud j eSaus d gk µ og u' kk gh D; k ft l esa l q/ cq¼ jg t k; s Au' kk r ks u' kk gh Bgjk A ; g l qu og r qud d j cksyh D; k r qe eq>s fpM+k jgs gks A bl esaeSaus d gk ugha r ks A eSa r ks d soy okLr fod r k i zLr qr d j jgk Fkk A r qe Bhd d gr s gks u' kk

{81}

r ks vkf[ kj u' kk gh Bgjk A bl esa vPNs cqjs d h l q/ cq¼ d Sl h ! ft l s ge , d l k/ kj . kr Fkk , d NksVk l k u' kk l e>r s gSa og okLr o esa Hk; ad j gS A fcYd qy ml h r jg t Sl s d ksbZNwr d k jksx / hjs&/ hjs l nk d s fy, l kFk fpi V t kr k gS r Fkk ys Mwcr k gS A bl i j eSausi wNk vkf[ kj ckr D; k gks xbZ gS \ t ks r qe bl i zd kj d h xaHkhj ckr sa d j jgh gks A ogcksyh vc D; k cr kÅ¡ \ ml d s i fr d k ekfl d osr u r ks cgqr vPNk gS i jUr q og vi uhvk; d k , d pkSFkkbZ d soy fl xzsV i j gh Qwad r k gS A bl d s vfr fjDr ml d s bl i zd kj d svkSj cgqr l s [ kpZ gSa t ks d qy feykd j vk/ h l s vf/ d r u[ okg og t sc [ kpZ esa gh mM+knsr k gS A ckd h jgh vk/ h vkenuh r ks ml i j gh l Ur ks"k d j fy; k t k; s i jUr q l eL; k ; ghai j [ kRe ugha gksr h A ml us fl xzsV yxkr kj Qwad &Qwad d j v i us vki d ks bl i zd kj[ kks[ kyk d j fy; k gS fd vc ml s nek r Fkk [ kkal h t Sl s Hk; ad j jksx gks x; s gSa A ml d s eqagi j jkSud gh ugha gS A l kFk esa ml d k LoHkko Hkh cgqr fpM+fpM+k gks pqd k gS A ckr ; ghai j l ekIr ugha gksr h cfYd og ui qal Dr k d k Hkh f' kd kj gks x; k gS A t ks vi us vki eas , dvfr xaHkhj l eL; k gS A ; g l c xaHkhj r Fkk l kspuh; fo"k; l qud j r ks d qN l e; eSa cgqrnq%[ kh gqvk fQj cksyk µ bl l cd s fy, nks"kh d kSu gS \ esjs bl i z' u i j og pkSad h r Fkkd gus yxh µ gekjs ek¡&cki t ks vk¡[ ksa jgr s gq, Hkh va/ s gSa A vc gekjh okr kZyki d qN vf/d gh xaHkhj gks pqd h Fkh A bl fy, eSaus l eL; k d k d ksbZ l ek/ ku u i kd j ml l s fonk yhr Fkk oki l pyk vk; k A

vc gekjh i fj {kk, sa i zkjEHk gks pqd h Fkha A bl fy, ge nksuksa d e fey i kr s r Fkk vxjfeyr s r ks okr kZyki Hkh d e gh gksr k A gekjh i fj {kk, ¡ l ekIr gksus d ks Fkha fd eq>s ekywegqvk fd fi z; k d s cM+s HkkbZ us vi us ek¡&cki d s fojks/ d s ckot wn ml fØf' p; u yM+d h l sU; k; ky; esa i zse&fookg d j fy; k gS r Fkk ml us , d fd jk; s d s edku esa jguk ' kq: d j fn; kgS A mUgksaus l Hkh fe=kksa r Fkk feyus&t qyus okyksa d ks pk; i kVhZ nh A bl i kVhZ esa eq>s Hkhml d s HkkbZ d h r jQ l s fuea=k.k i =k Hkst k x; k Fkk A esjs fy, r ks ; g ' kqHk vol j Fkk l ks eSaBhd l e; i j i gq¡p x; k A t c eSa ogk¡ i gq¡pk r ks l cl s i gys esjk l keuk fi z; k d h cfgul quhr k l s gqvk A ml us esjk gkfnZd Lokxr fd ; k A d qN l e; vkSi pkfjd r k d s i ' pkr ~~og eq>l s ?kqyfey d j ckr sa d jus yxh A t Sl s esjh ml d s l kFk xgjh fe=kr k gks A okLr o

{82}

esa ckr ; g Fkh fd og nksuksa cfgusa vki l esa esjs fo"k; esa [ kwc ckr sa d j r ha Fkha A ' kk; n bl hd kj . k og vi us vki d ks esjh fud V egl wl d j jgh Fkh A vc esjk u; s nEi fÙk l s l keukgqvk A eSaus mudks c/ kbZ nh r Fkk , d mi gkj HksaV Lo: i fn; k A mUgksaus ml s l g"kZ Lohd kj d jfy; k r Fkk eSa mud h i kVhZ esa l fEefyr gks x; k A i kVhZ l ekIr gksus i j fi z; k us esjh HkasVvi us t ht s l s d jokbZ t ks ml i kVhZ d k fuea=k. k i kd j bl h cgkus vi uh i Ruh d ks eukusvk; s gq, Fks A d qN gh nsj l Hkh esgeku fonk gks x, r Fkk ?kj esa ge N% l nL; gh jg x, Aos nEi fÙk] nksuksa cfgusa r Fkk mud k cguksbZ r Fkk eSa A vc gekjk okr kZyki ' kq: gqvk A i gysckr eSaus gh ' kq: dh r Fkk l quhr k dks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, d gk µ D; k vki vc l l qjky t kusd h r S; kjh d j jgh gSa \ ml us >V l s d gkµ ugha] eSa l l qjky ugha t kÅ¡xh A t c r d esjhckr ugha ekuh t kr h eSa l l qjky oki l ugha t kÅ¡xh A ; g l qud j ml ds i fr egksn; Hkh ckr ksaesa : fp ysus yxs A bl i j eSaus i wN gh fy; k fd vki d k eu&eqVko gS fd l ckr i j \esjh , d l kSr gS og bud s l kFk jgsxh ; k eSa gh jgw¡xh A vc eSa r Fkk ml d k i fr i z' ukokpdnf"V l s , d &nwl js d ks ns[ kus yxs A d qN {k. kksa d s ckn eSaus i wNk fd D; k og Bhd d gjgh gS \ bl i j og vi uh l QkbZ nsr s gq, d gus yxk µ bl d s vfr fjDr esjs t hou esa vkSjd ksbZ yM+d h gS gh ugha A ; g fcYd qy >wB cksy jgh gS A ; g l qur s gh og cksyh ; g fuxksM+hfl xzsV gh esjh l kSr gS A vc og d gus yxk µ ; g [ kkge[ kk >xMs+ [ kM+s d j r h gS A eSavd syk fl xzsV r ks i hr k ugha nqfu; k i hr h gS A ; g l qud j og cksyh & gj pht + d h d ksbZl hek gksr h gS A vki fnu esa 40&50 fl xzsV i hr s gSa A bl i zd kj vki , d fnu esa yxHkx4 l s 5 t hou d s vewY; ?kaVs fl xzsV i hus esa gh r Fkk / qavk mM+kus esa gh u"V d j nsr s gSa Abl l s vki us vi us ' kjhj d ks jksxh cuk fy; k gS A bl ckr d h l QkbZ nsr s gq, og cksyk µeSa r ks i gys l s gh fl xzsV i hr k gw¡ A ; g r ks r qEgsas ekywe gh Fkk A vc og d gus yxh µ r ceq>s ekywe ugha Fkk fd ; g NksVk l k u' kk okLr o esa , d cgqr Hk; ad j u' kk gS A ft l d kd ksbZ l e; gh ugha A yksx l qcg fcLr j l s mBr s oDr Hkxoku d k uke ysr s gSa A i jUr q fl xzsVd k ekjk gqvk i gys ekfpl VVksyr k gS A yksx i [ kkus esa ukd eq¡g <d r s gSa i jUr q ; g yksxogk¡ Hkh fl xzsV i hr s gSa A eSa i wNr h gw¡ fd eq>s d ksbZ og t xg ; k d ksbZ oDr cr kvks t gk¡fl xzsV u i h t kr h gks A fl xzsV l s gj l e; eq¡g l s nqx±/ vkr h jgr h gS A yksx r ks eq¡g d hnqx±/ nwj d jus d s fy, eat u d jr s gSa r Fkk byk; ph] l kSaQ bR; kfn [ kkr s gSa A i jUr q ; g yksx

{83}

nqx±/ d ks i Sl s nsd j fuea=k. k nsr s fQj r s gSa A eSa r ks ckt + vkbZ , sl s fl xzsV i hus okys d s l axl s A bl i j eSaus ml d s i fr d h r jQ ns[ kk r Fkk i wNk vc D; k gksxk \ og cksyk µ ; geq>l s NqVr h ugha gS A eSaus d bZ ckj d ksf' k' k d h r ks gS i jUr q eSa et cwj gw¡ A bl i j Hkh eSaekur k gw¡ fd ; g fd l h Hkh nf"V l s dksbZ ykHk ugha d jr h A bl l s fl QZ uqd l ku gh uqd l kugS i jUr q ; g esjs cl l s ckgj d h ckr gS A vc eSaus ml s l kaRouk nsr s gq, d gk] ¶vc r dt ks Hkh vki us fl xzsV NksM+us d s i z; kl fd ; s gSa A ml d s i hNs d ksbZ i zsj . kk ugha Fkh A vxjvki d h i Ruh vki d h i zsj . kk gks r Fkk vki , d ckj fQj l s i wjs vkRefo' okl d s l kFk bl d kR; kx d jsa r ks eq>s d ksbZ d kj . k ut +j ugha vkr k fd ; g fcekjh vki d k fi aM u NksM+ d j Hkkxt k, A bl i j og cksyk µ vki d ksbZ mi k; cr k, a r ks eSa fQj , d ckj i wjk i z; Ru d : ¡xkfd eSa fl xzsV t Sl h egkekjh d h nkl r k l s eqfDr i k t kÅ¡ A ; g l qud j eSaus d gk µ vkii gys vi us eu esa n<+ l ad Yi ysa r ks eSa vki d ks mi k; cr kÅ¡ A og d gus yxk µ esjs ?kji j Hkh l Hkh esjs bl u' ks d k fojks/ d j r s gSa A bl d s ?kj l s : Bd j t kus i j Hkh os bl h d sl kFk l ger Fks A eq>s [ kqn Hkh cgqr egl wl gksus yxk gS fd eSa xyr jkLr s i j t k jgk gw¡Abl fy, eSaus n<+ l ad Yi r ks fl xzsV d s u' ks d ks R; kxus d k d c l s d j fy; k gS A i jUr q eq>sbl d s fy, l k/ u r Fkk i zsj . kk pkfg, A bl i j eSaus d gk µ vki d h i zsj . kk r ks vki d s i kljgsxh gh] jgh ckr l k/ u d h r ks og vki d ks vi us var %d j . k l s gh i zkIr gksaxs A D; ksafdokLr o esa vki d k l k/ u] l k/ u ugha l k/ uk gS A bl fy, eSa vki d ks ; gk¡ l k/ uk d s : i esal k/ u cr kus d k i z; Ru d j r k gw¡ A bl ckr d s fy, vki esjh y?kq d Fkk l qfu; s %

, d egkRek us vi us eu dks t hr us d s fy, d fBu r i L; k l s vi us eu d ks [ kwc l k/us d k vH; kl fd ; k A l U; kl h gksus d s d kj .k og d Hkh&dHkh vi us Hkkst u d s fy, i M+ksld s fd l h xkao l s d qN fHk{kk ekax d j ykr s Fks r Fkk og vi uk fuR; d eZ d j ml fHk{kk l svi us i sV d h vkx cq>k ysr s Fks A , d fnu t c og , d xkao esa fHk{kk ekaxus x; s r ks , defgyk us vi uh J¼k d s vuql kj mud s fy, cgqr Lokfn"V pwjh cukd j fHk{kk esa mUgsa nsnh A t c og fHk{kk esa pwjh ysd j vi uh d qfV; k d h r jQ ykSVus yxs r ks mud s eu esa , dfopkj mRi Uu gqvk fd bl ekr k us cgqr Lusgi woZd Lokfn"V pwjh cukd j nh gS A pyks FkksM+hl h vHkh p[ kd j ns[ k yh t k, A i jUr q ml l e; mud h vkRek us mUgsa l ko/ ku fd ; k fd

{84}

¶r qe eu d s i hNs t k jgs gks A eu vHkh Hkh nqfu; k d s Loknksa d s i hNs ?kwe jgk gS A bl fy,; g r i L; k vl Qy gh gS A bl i j og pkSad s fd eSa vkt HkVd x; k gw¡ r Fkk fQj l s n<+l ad Yi ysd j fd eSaus eu d h ckr ugha ekuuh cfYd eu i j fot ; i kuh gS A vkxs c<+usyxs A i jUr q d qN {k. kksa ckn fQj l s eu esa vk; k fd FkksM+h l h pwjh p[ kus esa D; k var j i M+r kgS A r Hkh fQj l s mud s vUr %d j . k us mUgas >a>ksM+k fd ; g xyr gS A D; ksafd vkt r qevi us fuR; d eZ l s i gys [ kkuk pkgr s gks A og Hkh eu d h r ". kk d s i hNs ml d k xqykecud j A bl fy, og fQj l s l ko/ ku gq, fd , sl k d jus i j esjh r i L; k Hkax gks t k; sxh Al ks og vi us vkJe i j i gq¡ps t ks fd unh fd ukjs i j Fkk A t Sl s gh og i zfr fnu d h Hkk¡frLuku d s fy, pyus yxs r ks mud k fQj eu gqvk fd vc Hkw[ k yxh gqbZ gS A pyks pwjh [ kkgh yks A i jUr q og fQj l EHkys r Fkk mUgksaus vi uh vkRek d ks l qn<+ cukus d s fy, og pwjhmBkd j unh esa QSad nh r Fkk vi us eu d ks l Ecksf/ r d jd s d gk] ¶gs eu vc r qe d gk¡HkVd ksxs \ eSaus r ks r sjh r ". kk d h l kexzh gh QSad nh gS A bl i j mud k eu ' kkUr r FkkfLFkj gks x; k A

; g d Fkk l qu ml d s eu i j xgjk i zHkko gqvk A okLr o esa og Lo; a gh egl wl d j jgkFkk fd fl xzsV d k fojks/ ml d h i Ruh }kjk Bhd gh fd ; k x; k gS A D; ksafd og vi us ' kjhji j fl xzsV d k d qi zHkko i zR; {k : i esa ns[ k jgk Fkk A xgLFkh esa i M+d j / u d s O; FkZ d s [ kpZl s / u d s vHkko d ks Hkh vuqHko d j jgk Fkk A bl fy, og bl l eL; k d k d ksbZ l ek/ kui kuk pkgr k Fkk A bl h d kj . k og u pkgr s gq, Hkh vi us ek¡&cki ds dgus i j vi uh i Ruhdks eukus dk i z; Ru d jus yxk Fkk A vc esjh ckr phr mud s fcxM+s l EcU/ ksa d ks l q/ kjus esal gk; d fl ¼ gks jgh Fkh A bl fy, esjk l Hkh i j cgqr vPNk i zHkko i M+k A fo' ks"k d j u; snEi fr i j r ks , d t knw l k gks x; k A og l ksp jgs Fks fd bu nksuksa d k l e>kSr k vl EHkougha r ks d fBu vo' ; Fkk A [ kSj --- esjs d gus i j ml us vk' okl u fn; k fd eSa bl u' ks l sgj d her i j NqVd kjk i kus d k i z; Ru d : ¡xk A cl fQj D; k Fkk mu nksuksa esa l e>kSr k gksx; k A r Hkh esjh fi z; k d h bl ubZ HkkHkh d ks et +kd l w>h r Fkk d gus yxh A vt hr ] r qer ks cgqr / kfeZd fopkjksa d s yxr s gks t cfd vkt d y d s ; qod r Fkk ; qofr ; k¡ fcYd qyukfLr d gksr s t k jgs gSa A bl i j eSaus d gk HkkHkh t h vki Bhd d gr h gks A ; qod &; qofr ; k¡

{85}

ukfLr d fn[ kkbZ nsr s gSa i jUr q og okLr o esa ukfLr d gksr s ugha A bl i j og cksyh og d Sl s\bl d s mÙkj esa eSaus d gk HkkHkh t h vki ; g r ks Lohd kj d jr h gSa fd d ksbZ , sl h egk' kfDr r ksgS t ks l eLr czãekaM r Fkk l eLr fo' o d ks l apkfyr d j jgh gS A esjh bl ckr i j mUgksausgk¡ dgd j vi uh l gefr i zd V dh A r Hkh eSaus d gk r ks vki Hkh vkfLr d gSa ukfLr d ughaAbl i j og d gus yxh og r ks Bhd gS A i jUr q eSa i wt k i kB d jus esa fo'okl ugha d jr h A r HkheSaus d gk & ckr ; g gS fd mi kl uk d k fu; e vyx gksxk A vki eu gh eu i zHkq d hvjk/ uk d j r h gksasxh ; k i zHkq d s Åi j vi kj J¼k ân; r d gh l hfer j [ kr h gS A ml d ksd eZd kaMksa esa u ykd j fn[ kkok ugha d j r ha A bl fy, nwl jksa d s d gs d gk; s vki Hkh vi us d ksukfLr d l e> cSBs gSa A i jUr q okLr o esa vki vkfLr d gSa A ; g l c l qu og cgqr [ kq' kgqbZ r Fkk d gus yxh r qeus esjs ân; d h ckr ' kCnksa esa d g nh gS t ks eSa d gus esa vl eFkZ FkhAvl y esa eSa r ks i zHkq d h ' kfDr d ks cgqr ekur h gw¡ A i jUr q eq>s i wt k i kB d s fn[ kkos cgqrcqjs yxr s gSa A bl oSKkfud ; qx esa i <+s fy[ ks ; qod ksa r Fkk ; qofr ; ksa l s ; g vk' kk d juk fdog , d uUgha l h i RFkj d h ewfr Z ds vkxs fl j >qd k&>qdkd j i z. kke d jr s fQjsa cM+k d fBugS A D; kssafd mud h vkLFkk vi us }kjk cukbZ xbZ ewfr Z; ksa esa ugha jg t kr h A bl fy, og yksxksad ks ukfLr d ut +j vkus yxr s gSa A eSaus d gk vki fcYd qy Bhd d g jgh gks A esjk r ksfopkj gS fd t Sl s i gyh d {kk d s fo| kFkhZ d ks vè; ki d , d r [ r h i j i gys Lo; a pkd l sv{kjksa d h vkd fr cukd j nsr k gS r Fkk ckn esa ml d s Åi j fy[ kus d ks fo| kFkhZ l s d gr k gSAokLr o esa ; gk¡ uUgsa fo| kFkhZ d k mu v{kjksa d k cks/ d jkuk gh è; s; gksr k gS A t Sl s&t Sl sfo| kFkhZ d h f' k{kk d k Lr j Å¡pk gksr k gS A oSl s&oSl s ml d s fy, d qN fu; e cnyus yxr sgSa A mnkgj. k d s fy, i gys fo| kFkhZ d ki h d h , d ykbZu NksM+d j fy[ kr k gS A ckn esa mlykbZunkj d ki h d h Hkh vko' ; d r k ugha gksr h r Fkk bl d s i ' pkr ~~ og , sl h voLFkk esa Hkh vkt kr k gS fd l gt esa Hkk"k. k bR; kfn Hkh uksV d j l d us ; ksX; gks t kr k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kjvkè; kfRed f' k{kk esa Hkh uUgsa fo| kFkhZ d s Lr j Å¡pk mBus i j ewfr Z d s LFkku i j fu; e cnyd j jkse&jkse esas jes jke d h mi kl uk fl [ kkuh pkfg, Fkh A i jUr q gekjs l ekt us bl r jQd ksbZ è; ku fn; k gh ugha A bl hfy, i <s+ fy[ ks ; qod &; qofr ; k¡ mUgsa ukfLr d ekywe gksr s gSa]D; ksafd og l kd kj ewfr Z mi kl uk ds LFkku i j fujkd kj mi kl uk esa vi uk fo' okl d jus yxr s

{86}

gSa A ft l esa fd l h i zd kj d s d eZd k¡Mksa] vkMEcjksa d h t +: j r ugha gksr h A ; gk¡ r ks d soy eu' kq¼ d jus dh gh vko' ; d r k gksr h gS A esjs bl d Fku i j fi z; k d s HkkbZ fouksn cgqr i zHkkforgq, D; ksafd mud ks ekr k&fi r k }kjk ckj&ckj ukfLr d d h l aKk nh t kr h Fkh A og , dmPp f' k{kk i zkIr gksus d s ukr s ewfr Z r Fkk d eZd kaMksa esa fo' okl ugha cuk i kr s Fks Aekr k&fi r k }kjk nckc Mkyus i j og mud k eu j [ kus d s fy, gh d j ysr s Fks A i jUr q cknesa og Hkh mUgksaus NksM+ fn; k Fkk A bl i j mud s ek¡&cki mud h d Vw vkykspuk d j r s jgr sFks A og vi us eu d h ckr vi us ek¡&cki d s l Eeq[ k i zd V ugha d j i kr s Fks fd ge i zHkqesa fo' okl j [ kr s gSa A i jUr q vki vkSj gekjh mi kl uk i z. kkfy; ksa esa gh var j gS A vki l xqZ. kmi kl uk esa vkLFkk d jr s gSa t cfd ge yksx fuxqZ.k mi kl uk esa A [ kSj--- vc gekjs ohp fe=kr kcu xbZ Fkh A bl fy, og d gus yxs vt hr {kek d juk i gys esjs ân; esa r qEgkjs fy, cgqrxyr / kj . kk Fkh A okLr o esa t c ge , d nwl j s d s fud V vkr s gSa r Fkk i zR; {k : i esackr phr d jr s gSa r ks gekjs eu esa cl h xyr / kj . kk; sa Lo; a gh l ekIr gks t kr h gSa vkSj gk¡ eq>sr ks vkt gh ekywe gqvk gS fd esjh cfgu d k eu r qeus fd l i zd kj t hr k gS A t cfd eSa, d NksVh l h eqykd ky esa r sjs l s br uk i zHkkfor gqvk gw¡ r ks og d ksey eu t ks br us yEcsl e; l s r sjs l Ei d Z esa gS fd r uk i zHkkfor gks pqd k gksxk \

vc eSaus mul s vkKk ek¡xh fd eq>s t kus d h bt kt +r nsa A r Hkh HkkHkh d gus yxh &Bhd gS t kvks A i jUr q i gys ok; nk d jks fd bl h i zd kj r qe gekjs ; gk¡ vkr s t kr s jgksxs r Fkkfe=kr k cuk; s j [ kksxs A r c eSaus fl j fgykd j Lohd fr ns nh r Fkk ogk¡ l s pyk vk; k A

vc jkr cgqr gks pqd h gS ckd h i zsedFkk dy Bhd jgsxh A l Hkh ?kfM+; k¡ ns[ kd j l gergks x; s r Fkk ; g l Hkk LFkfxr d j nh A

vxyh l qcg l Hkh fuR; fØ; k l ekIr d j Qkysu gksr s gSa A i jUr q t Qj fl Dfj i ksVcuokr k gS A r Hkh vt hr vkd j ml s d gr k gS fd esjk Ukke Hkh fl Dfj i ksV esa fy[ kok yksAeSa Hkh , e-vkbZ- : e t kÅ¡xk A D; ksafd esjs nk¡r esa nnZ jgus yxk gS A bl h i zd kj d qN vkSj; qfuV d s t oku fl Dfj i ksV esa v i uk&vi uk uke fy[ kokr s gSa A r Fkk , d xkM+h }kjkeSfMd y bUl i SD' ku : e esa i gq¡p t kr s gSa A vHkh MkDVj l kfgc v i us d ejs esa ugha gSa Abl fy, ; s l c l keus okys ckxhps es cSB t kr s gSa r Fkk xi ' ki d jus yxr s gSa A

{87}

vt hr % t Qj HkbZ; k eq>s r ks ; g ufl ±x , sfl LVsaV Hkh egkjk"Vªh yxr k gS A t jk vi uhHkk"kk esa d gd j vi us od Z' kki d h fl Dfj i ksV i gys d jok yks A

t Qj % eq>s D; k t Ynh i M+h gS \

vt hr % ; kj esjs nk¡r esa d qN T; knk gh nnZ gks jgk gS A

t Qj % vPNk nnZ&onZ d h nok r ks oSl s gh ys ysaxs ml l s A

nksuksa ufl ±x , sfl LVsaV d s i kl t kr s gSa r Fkk nk¡r esa T; knk nnZ gksus d h fo' ks"k nok nk¡resa yxokr s gSa r Fkk oki l ykSV vkr s gSa A

vt hr % ns[ kk ekr Hkk"kk d k vkneh d s eu i j D; k i zHkko i M+r k gS A

t Qj % Hkk"kk d k i zHkko gksr k gS og Bhd gS i jUr q bl l s Hkh c<+d j , d vkSj ' kfDrgS t ksfd eu i j t knw t Sl k i zHkko d j r h gS A cr kvks og D; k gks l d r h gS \

vt hr % vjs HkkbZ ; g Hkh d ksbZ i wNus okyh ckr gS A nwl jh ' kfDr gS / eZ ; k l ai znk; AvFkkZr Hkk"kk r Fkk l Ei znk; d k eu efLr "d i j l cl s vf/ d i zHkko i M+r k gS A cl Hkk"kkr Fkk l Ei znk; d h fnokjksa us gesa d bZ l kS o"kZ xqykeh d h t at hjksa esa t d M+ j [ kk Fkk A i jUr qvkt ge , d gSa A l ks] bl fy, bu fnokj ksa l s gesa t +jk Åi j mB t kuk pkfg, A

t Qj % vt hr HkkbZ cqjk ugha ekuuk A cgqr fnuksa l s ge bDV~Bs jg jgs gSa bl fy,, d [ kkl ckr i wNwa \

vt hr % gk¡ gk¡ HkkbZ i wNks A

t Qj % esjs fi r k t h ukxi qj eas , d i ksLV vkfQl d s d eZpkjh gSa A ogk¡ i j , d fnu, d l jnkj t h l s l k/ kj . k vkSi pkfjd ckr phr l s d qN vf/ d fe=kr ki w. kZ ckr phr gksusyxhA bl ckr phr esa og l jnkj t h ; g vuqeku ugha yxk i k; s fd eSa ft l l s ckr d j jgkgw¡ og eqfLye O; fDr gS A mu fnuksa ckEcs (eqEcbZ) esa l kEi znkf; d naxs gks jgs Fks bl fy,og Qjekus yxs fd fl [ kksa dk l cl s cM+k y{; gS fd i woZ l s i f' pe r Fkk mÙkj l s nf{k.k r dfd l h Hkh eqfLye d ks t hfor jgus ugha nsuk A ; g l qu esjs fi r k pqi gks x; s r Fkk ckr phr

{88}

ogha i j l ekIr d j nh A [ kSj --- vc r qe cr kvks fd D; k ; g l R; gS fd fl [ kksa d s eu esaeqfLyeksa d s fy, br uh d Vw fopkj / kjk gS \

vt hr % i gyh ckr gks ; g fd et +gc ugha fl [ kkr k vki l esa oSj j [ kuk* A ; g t ksvki us ckr d gh gS okLr o esa fd l h ew[ kZ d h d gh xbZ gS A ew[ kZ yksx gj t xg r Fkk gjl Ei znk; eaas gksr s gh gSa A eSa vki d h ckr d k mÙkj fl [ k bfr gkl l s l EcfU/ r ?kVukvksa }kjkmnkgj . k nsd j vki d s eu esa cl h ' kad kvksa d k l ek/ ku d j r k gw¡ A

fl [ kksa d s i gys xq# ukud nso t h vi us l kFk , d eqfLye f' k"; j [ kr s Fks A ft l d kuke ejnkuk Fkk A mUgksaus vi us t hou esa cgqr l s eqfLye r hFkks± d h ; k=kk, ¡ d h A og t gk¡Hkh x; s mudks gt +jr ckck ukud ds uke l s vkt Hkh ogk¡ i j t kuk t kr k gS A muds t houHkj d h ; k=kkvksa esa cgqr l s l wQh Qd hjksa l s HksaV gqbZ A ft uesa d qN mYys[ kuh; gSa µget +kxksl ] oyhd a/ kjh] ' ks[ k bczkghe] i hj nl r xhj ] bR; kfn--- A mud s l cl s i gys vuq; k; hFks jk; cqykj r Fkk eksnh [ kkus dk uoko nkSyr [ kku bl d s vfr fjDr ml l e; ckn' kkg ckcjHkh ukud t h d k vuq; kbZ cu x; k Fkk A vc ge l kjka' k esa vkxs c<+r s gSa A gekjs i k¡posa xq#vt qZu nso t h us Lo. kZ efUnj (njckj l kfgc) ver l j d h vk/ kj f' kyk , d eqLyeku l wQhQd hj] l kb± fe; ka ehj l s j [ kokbZ Fkh r Fkk Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h jpuk d jr s l e; mUgksauseqfLyeku l wQh Qd hj Qjhn t h dh ok. kh d ks vkfn xzaFk* esa l ad fyr fd ; k A vc ge vkr sgSa xq# xksfcan fl a?k t h d s t hou d h r jQ A mud s t Ue l e; d h , d ?kVuk gS fd , deqfLye l wQh Qdhj Hkh[ ku ' kkg , d jk=kh bcknr d j jgs Fks r ks mudks i zR; {k : i eas bYykgh' kfDr d k nhnkj gqvk r Fkk mUgksaus ns[ kk fd og bYykgh ' kfDr i woZ ns' k i Vuk uxj esa ekuo: i / kj . k d j i zdk' k ys jgh gS r ks mUgksaus r Hkh i f' pe d s LFkku i j i woZ dh r jQ l t nk d jfn; k A l qcg mud s eqjhnksa us i z' u fd ; k fd gs i hj t h vki d ks jkr d ks xyr Qgeh gks xbZFkh D; k \ t ks vki us i f' pe d s LFkku i j i woZ esa l t nk fd ; k gS A bl d s mÙkj esa Hkh[ ku' kkg Qdhj t h us mÙkj fn; k A ugha eq>s d ksbZ xyr Qgeh ugha gqbZ A eq>s bcknr d jr s l e;, d egk' kfDr fn[ kkbZ nh Fkh A ft l us i woZ fn' kk esa vor kj fy; k gS A cl eSaus bl hfy, jkrd ks i f' pe d h t xg i woZ dh r jQ l t nk fd ; k Fkk A eSa vc mud s n' kZuksa d s fy, i woZ ns' ki Vuk uxj dh ; k=kk d : ¡xk A ml h fnu og vi us d qN eqjhnksa d ks l kFk ysd j i Vuk d s fy,

{89}

py i Ms+ A d qN fnu i ' pkr ~ og i Vuk i gq¡ps r Fkk mUgksaus vi uh vkRe ' kfDr l s var Zè; kugksd j uot kr f' k' kq d k i r k yxk; k A ; g ckyd Fks xksfcan jk; t ks xq# ukud nso t h d hukSoha xn~nh i j fojkt eku xq# r sx cgknqj t h d s ; gk¡ ekr k xqt jh t h d h d ks[ k l s i zd V gq,Fks A t c Hkh[ ku ' kkg l wQh Qd hj t h d ks ekywe gqvk fd og ckyd ukud i aFkh i fjokjesa t Ue ys pqdk gS r ks mud s eu esa , d ' kad k mRi Uu gqbZ fd ; g i jkØeh ckyd cM+k gksd jfgUnqvksa d k usr Ro d jsxk ; k eql yekuksa d k \ bl i z' u d k mÙkj i kus d s fy, mUgksaus vi useu esa , d / kj . kk cuk Mkyh fd ; fn ckyd us nw/ d s cr Zu i j gkFk j [ kk r ks og eql yekuksad s i hj gksaxs A bl d s foi jhr ; fn i kuh d s cr Zu esa gkFk j [ kk r ks og ckyd fgUnqvksa d sgh xq# gksaxs A i jUr q t c og uUgsa ckyd ( t ks fd ml l e; d soy 40 fnu d s Fks) d snhnkj d s fy, i gq¡ps r ks og nksuksa cr Zu ckyd d s vkxs d j fn; s A r c i hj t h d s vk' p; Zd k fBd kuk u jgk t c ckyd us dEcy l s nksuksa gkFk ckgj fudky d j nksuksa cr Zuksa i j j[ k fn; sAft l l s Hkh[ ku ' kkg t h d h ' kad k d k l ek/ ku gks x; k r Fkk og t ku x; s fd ; g i jkØehckyd nksuksa l Ei znk; ksa d s fy, , d t Sl k gksxk r Fkk bl d h uhfr ; k¡ r VLFk gksaxh A ft l l sfgUnq&eql yekuksa esa i jLi j vki l esa esy t ksy c<+sxk A mu fnuksa xksfcan jk; s d s fi r k xq#r sx cgknqj <kd k caxky esa jkt k t ; fl a?k d s l kFk x; s gq, Fks A bl d s vfr fjDr xq# xksfcanfl a?k t h d s , d vkSj l wQh Qd hj vuq; kbZ Fks A mud k uke i hj cq¼q ' kkg Fkk A bUgksausi kacVk d s fud V Hkaxk. kh j . k{ks=k eas xq#nso ds i {k d h r jQ l s ; q¼ yM+r s gq, ] vi us nks HkkbZr Fkk nks csVs ' kghn d jok fn, A vkSjaxt +sc d s ofj "B l Sfud vf/ d kjh l Sn [ kku t ks fdfj ' r s esa i hj cq¼q ' kkg d k l kyk Fkk A t c xq#nso d s fo: ¼ l suk d k l apkyu d j jgk Fkkr ks ml d s Þn; esa l ad yi mRi Uu gqvk fd ; fn xq# xksfcUn fl a?k i w. kZ l eFkZ xq# ( i hj ) gSr ks og eq>s j . k{ks=k esa ?kekl ku ; q¼ d s l e; nhnkj ns r Fkk vi us d j r c ( ; q¼ d kS' ky)fn[ kkd j eq>s i jkft r d jsa A ml d h bPNk vuql kj gh gqvk vr % og xq#nso d h d : . kke;nf"V ns[ kd j J¼k l s Hkj x; k r Hkh ml us mud ks vi uk eq' kZn ekuk r Fkk mud k eqjhn cud joki l ykSV x; k A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ d h , d ?kVuk gS A ?kksM+s cspus okys nks i Bku O; ki kfj ; ksaus xq#nso d ks v i uk eqf' kZn ekuk A bud k uke Fkk uch [ kku r Fkk xuh [ kku A buvuq; kf; ; ksa us xq#nso d ks l ad V d ky esa cgqr cM+k l g; ksx fn; k r Fkk mUgksaus xq#nso d ks vi ukmPp d k i hj * cr k d j ' k=kq l sukvksa d ks Hkze esa Mky fn; k ft l l s ' k=kq l suk d s eukscy d kscgqr cM+k / Dd k yxk A

{90}

bl h ckr phr d s chp gh MkDVj l kfgc vi us d ejs esa vk t kr s gSa r Fkk og fl Djhi ksVns[ kus yxr s gSa A d qN gh l e; esa bu yksxksa d h Hkh ckjh vk t kr h gS r Fkk MkDVj l kfgcl s vi us jksx d k eqvk; uk d jok d s nokbZ fy[ kok ysr s gSa A nok ysd j oki l t kus yxr s gSar ks ns[ kus i j i r k pyr k gS fd ogk¡ l s xkM+h Mkd ysd j oki l t k pqd h gS A r c ; s nksuksa fe=kogk¡ d h l h-, l -Mh- d SaVhu esa t kd j d qN t +: j r d h oLr q, sa [ kjhnr s gSa ft l l s , d FkSys Hkjd k l keku gks t kr k gS A i jUr q FkSyk u gksus d s d kj . k l keku d ks ck¡V d j gkFkksa esa ghr jdhc l s t ksM+d j mBk ysr s gSa r Fkk ; g l ksp d j oki l t kus d s fy, py i M+r s gSa fd pykscl }kjk [ kkus d s l e; l s i gys ; qfuV esa i gq¡p t k; saxs A t Sl s gh ; s yksx , e-vkbZ- : e d ksNksM+ eq[ ; l M+d i j vkr s gSa r ks nwj [ kM+k yxHkx 10 o"kZ d h vk; q d k , d cgqr l k/ kj . kd i M+s okyk yM+d k bud s i kl vkr k gS r Fkk fouezr k l s d gr k gS µ ckcw t h vxj vki ; gl keku eq>s mBkus d s fy, ns nsa r ks eSa ; g l keku vki d s l kFk ys pyw¡xk A vki eq>s et +nwjhns nsuk A

t Qj % ugha ugha A ; g l keku gekjs fy, d ksbZ cks> ugha gS A gesa d ksbZ et +nwj ughapkfg, A

vt hr % (d qN l kspr s gq, ) t Qj l keku mBkus d s fy, bl s ns nks A

t Qj % ugha ; kj ; g d ksbZ T; knk l keku r ks gS ugha t ks et +nwj pkfg, A

vt hr % HkbZ; k r qe ckr ekuks bl s l keku ns nks A eSa r qEgsa bl ckr d k Hkh jgL;cr kÅ¡xk A

vt hr r Fkk t Qj nksuksa vi uk&vi uk l keku ml yM+d s d ks mBok nsr s gSa r Fkk ml sl kFk&l kFk pyus dks dgr s gSa A yM+dk l keku mBkd j dqN dne vkxs&vkxs pyus yxr kgS A

t Qj % vc cr kvks D; k ckr Fkh \

vt hr % d qN {k. kksa d s fy, bl yM+d s d ks è; ku l s ns[ kks fd ; g D; ksa et +nwjh d jukpkgr k gS A vxj ge t Sl s yksxksa us bl d s ekaxus i j Hkh et +nwjh u nh r ks ; g vkf[ kj D; k

{91}

d jsxk \ l kspks--- l kspks--- \

t Qj % xjhc ?kj d k yM+d k gS A cl et +nwjh d juk pkgr k gS A

vt hr % vxj geus bl d s ekaxus i j Hkh et +nwjh d k ekSd k u fn; k r ks A

t Qj % Hkw[ kk ejsxk A

vt hr % ugha Hkw[ k l s O; kd qy gksd j i gys&i gys d ksbZ NksVh eksVh [ kkus d h pht +pqjk; sxk A i jUr q ckn esa , d cM+k vi jk/ h cu t k, xk A

t Qj % geus t ks bl s NksVh l h et +nwjh nh gS bl l s Hkh bl d k d qN cuus d k ugha A

vt hr % gk¡ ; g ckr r ks Bhd gSa A i jUr q bl NksVh l h et +nwjh l s bl d k eukscyc<+sxkA

bl h ckr phr esa ; s cl vM~Ms i j i gq¡p t kr s gS A r Fkk ml yM+ds d ks , d pcUuh nsd jcgqr I; kj l s fonk d j r s gSa A t ks cl pyus d ks r S; kj Fkh ; s ml esa cSBd j ; qfuV d ks pynsr s gSa A ; qfuV esa i g¡qpus i j yxHkx eè; kUr j d k l e; gksus d ks gksr k gS A vHkh d qN ghnsj esa l Hkh yksx [ kkus d s fy, ; qfuV ykbZu esa vkus okys gSa A bl fy, ; s nksuksa fe=k MkDVjd h nh gqbZ nokbZ; ksa esa l s , d [ kqjkd [ kkd j Hkkst u d h r S; kjh d jr s gSa A bl h ohp eè; kUr jgks t kr k gS r Fkk l Hkh [ kkuk [ kkr s gSa A [ kkus d s ckn d qN yksx r k' k [ ksyuk ' kq: d j nsr s gSaAr k' k d k [ ksy d qN vf/ d : fpd j cukus d s fy, os d qN / u Hkh nko i j yxkus yxr s gSaAi kl cSBs vt hr d ks os yksx r k' k [ ksyus d k fuea=k. k nsr s gSa A

v' kksd % vt hr HkkbZ ge r hu gSa A vxj r qe vk t kvks r ks [ ksy t esxk A

vt hr % ugha HkkbZ A r k' k [ ksyus esa esjh : fp ugha gS A eSa r ks l ekpkj i =k i <+us vk; kgw¡ A

jRu % vt hr ; kj ckr sa u cuk A l ekpkj i =k ' kke d ks i <+saxs A vHkh r ks r k' k d h ckt +hgks t k; s A

{92}

vt hr % eSa vi us cgqewY; l e; d ks r k' k d s i Ùkksa esa cckZn ugha d j l d r k A eq>s {kekd jsa A

l q[ knso % l e; u"V d gk gksr k gS \ ; gk¡ r ks fd Ler vkt +ekbZ t k; sxh A d qN ysaxs; k d qN nsaxs A

vt hr % eSa bl >esys l s d ksl ksa nwj gw¡ A eSa r ks Hkwyd j Hkh vi us [ kwu i l hus l s d ek; s/ u d k nq: i ; ksx ugha d : axk A

v' kksd % D; k ckr gS \ vkt r qe cgqr : [ kh&: [ kh ckr sa d j jgs gks A

vt hr % vki yksx esjs fe=k gSa r ks fe=kksa t Sl h ckr d jks A r qe yksx r ks eq>s xyr jkLr si j ys t k jgs gks A vxj esjh vknr esa ; g t qvk ' kkfey gks t k; s r ks ; g t ku yks fd r qeyksx fe=kr k d h vk<+ esa eq>s d q, ¡ esa / d sy jgs gks A ft l l s esjk t hou mTt oy gksus d hct k; ujd cud j jg t k; sxk A

jRu % Bhd gS er [ ksyks A i jUr q r qe r ks ge yksxksa i j fcxM+us yxs gks A

vt hr % t c r qe t kur s gks fd eq>s t c dksbZ xyr jkLr s i j pyus d s fy, i zksRl kfgrd js ; k d ksbZ eq>s xyr jk; s ns r ks eq>l s cnkZ' r ugha gksr k A fQj Hkh r qe yksx ; g f?kukSuhgjd r d j jgs gks A

br us esa ogk¡ fot ; vk t kr k gS A og ; g l c d qN l qur k gS vkSj vt hr l s d qN i z' ud j r k gS A

fot ; % r qe bl NksVs&eksVs [ ksy dks br uk cqjk D; ksa l e>r s gks \

vt hr % bl esa cqjkbZ; ksa d s vfr fjDr j [ kk gh D; k gS \ , d r ks] l e; d k nq: i ; ksx_nwl jk] / u d k_ r Fkk r hl jk] vki l esa eueqVko gks t kr k gS A d Hkh&d Hkh r ks >xM+k d qNvf/ d gh Hk; ad j : i / kj . k d j ysr k gS A

fot ; % vjs HkkbZ ! ; g r ks l e; O; r hr d jus d s fy, [ ksy jgs gSa A bl l s euksjat uHkh r ks gksr k gS A

{93}

vt hr % ; g l e; d k nq: i ; ksx gS A gesa l e; d ks O; FkZ ugha O; r hr d juk pkfg,cfYd gesa vi us vod k' k d s l e; d ks l Qy cukuk gS ft l l s gesa d qN i zkfIr gks A ; gk¡i j d bZ i zd kj d k Kkuo¼Zd l kfgR; j [ kk gqvk gS A D; ksa u og i <+k t k; s ft l l s euksjat ud s l kFk Kku Hkh c<+s A

fot ; % l Hkh l kfgR; fi z; ugha gksr s bl fy, r k' k euksjat u d k , d vPNk l k/ u gSgh A

vt hr % eSa r ks euksjat u d k vPNk l k/ u ml s ekur k gw¡ t ks gesa euksjat u d s l kFkgekjs t hou esa d ksbZ ubZ ckr ] ubZ pht +] d ksbZ u; k fopkj ] d ksbZ u; k Kku ns A esjs d gusd k er yc gS A O; fDr d s euksjat u d s l kFk ml d s t hou esa d ksbZ Økafr yk, A

fot ; % r sjh l Hkh ckr sa Bhd gSa A i jUr q l Hkh yksx bl nf"Vd ks. k d ks ugha vi ukl d r sA D; ksafd mu yksxksa d h : fp r k' k d s i Ùkksa r d gh l hfer gS A

vt hr % r qe Bhd d gr s gks A t c ; s yksx br us i fj Je l s d ek; s / u d k l ghmi ; ksx ugha d j i kr s r ks ; s yksx vewY; l e; d k l nqi ; ksx D; k d j i k; saxs \ okLr o esa i zHkqus bud h euksofÙk gh , sl h cukbZ gS fd ; s yksx xyr r Fkk Bhd d k , sgl kl gh ugha d ji kr sA

fot ; % r qEgkjh nf"V esa r k' k ft r uh xyr gS okLr o esa mr uh gS ugha A

vt hr % Bhd gS r qe gh cr kvks bl esa ekFkk i Pph ds vykok feyr k gh D; k gS \ fl QZl e; d h cckZnh d s A

fot ; % t c r qe bl s [ ksyr s gh ugha r ks r qe bl d s [ ksy d ks D; k t kuksxs \

vt hr % bl dk Lokn ; gh gS fd , d ckj ft l d ks bl [ ksy dh yr i M+ xbZ A cl og t qvk[ ksys fcuk ugha jg l dsxk r Fkk t qvk / hjs&/ hjs euq"; d ks ml f' k[ kj i j i gq¡pk nsr k gS fd ogHk; ad j vi jk/ Hkh d j l d r k gS A t q, esa csbZekuh] pksjh / ks[ kk/ M+h] [ kwu] bR; kfn l k/ kj . kl h ckr sa gSa A

{94}

fot ; % r qe ckr d ks cgqr c<+k&p<+k nsr s gks r Fkk gj pht + esa cqjkbZ; k¡ gh <wa<r s jgr sgks A ; gk¡ i j , sl h ukScr vkus d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A

vt hr % i gyh ckr r ks ; g gS fd t ks O; fDr fd l h d ke d ks d jus l s i gys ml esacqjkbZ; ka ugha ns[ k i kr k og t hou esa d Hkh l Qy ugha gks l d r k r Fkk og cqf¼t hfo; ksa d hJs. kh esa vkr k gh ugha A eSa ckr d ks c<+kr k ugha gw¡ A okLr o esa ns[ kk x; k gS fd d ksbZ HkhcqjkbZ O; fDr esa vi us vki ugha vkr h A ; g l c cqjh l axr esa i gys / hjs&/ hjs l h[ kr k gS Amnkgj. k d s fy, ' kjkc ; k fl xzsV d h vknr vi us vki d Hkh Hkh ugha i M+r h A i gys&i gysfe=k yksx vi us i kl l s u' kk d jkr s gSa fQj og vi us vki u' kk d jus yx t kr k gS A cknesa og bu u' kksa d k br uk vknh gks t kr k gS fd og d fBu i fjJe l s d ek; s x; s / u d k vf/d r j fgLl k mu i j gh [ kpZ d j nsr k gS A vFkkZr / hjs&/ hjs og ' kkjhfjd : i l s r FkkvkfFkZd : i l s Hkh nq%[ kh jgr k gS A Bhd ml h i zd kj t qvk ' kq: &' kq: esa euksjat u d s ukei j fl [ kk; k t kr k gS A t c og O; fDr t q, d k f' kd kj gks t kr k gS r ks gkjus i j csbZekuhd j r k gS A ml l s Hk; ad j >xM+s gksr s gSa r Fkk bl esa d bZ ckj gR; k, a Hkh gksr h ns[ kh xbZ gSa A

fot ; % gj pht + esa vPNkbZ cqjkbZ r ks gksr h gh gS A

vt hr % eq>s r ks r k' k d s i Ùkksa esa vkt r d vPNkbZ fn[ kkbZ gh ugha nh A bl fy,bl d k fojks/ LoHkkfod gh gS A bl fy, gekjs cqt qxks± us d gk gS] ¶t qvk fd l h d k ugqvkA

fot ; % fojks/ r ks cgqr l h ckr ksa d k gksr k gS i jUr q ekur k d kSu gS \ D; k vuqfprvkSj mfpr d s ckjs esa l Hkh yksx t kur s gSa \

vt hr % r qe Bhd d gr s gks A ; g yksx t kucw> d j vi us i Sjksa i j d qYgkM+h ekj jgsgSa A bl ckr d s fy, eSa vki d ks Jh d ". k t h d s t hou d h , d ?kVuk d s ckjs esa cr kr kg¡w µ , d ckj Jh d ". k t h l s vt qZu us i wNk fd gs i zHkq t c vki fd l h i j cgqr gh d i kyqgks t kr s gks r ks vki ml O; fDr d ks D; k nsr s gSa A bl i j Jh d ". k us d gk] ¶t c esjh fd l hO; fDr i j vfr d i k nf"V gks t kr h gS r ks eSa ml d ks foosd cqf¼ nsr k gw¡ A vr % ml i zHkqus vi uh d i k nf"V fd l h fd l h d ks gh nh gS A ft u [ kq' k ul hcksa d ks foosd cqf¼ feyhgS og bu cqjkbZ; ksa l s d ksl kssa nwj gS A

{95}

fot ; % ; g r ks ekusxs t h fd ' kjkc] os' ; kofÙk vkfn cqjkbZ; ksa l s r ks t qvk ; k r k' k br uhcM+h cqjkbZ ugha gS A

vt hr % esjh nf"V esa r ks t qvk gh l c l s cM+h cqjkbZ gS A

fot ; % og d Sl s \

vt hr % eSa bl d s fy, , d r qe d ks y?kq d Fkk l qukr k gw¡ A , d l e; d h ckr gS A, d jkt k d s i kl pkj vyx&vyx i zd kj d s vi j k/ h i s' k fd ; s x, A buesa l s i gykvi jk/ h pksj Fkk A nwl jk ' kjkch] r hl jk os' ; kofr okyk r Fkk pkSFkk t qvkjh Fkk A vc jkt kus bud ks n. M nsuk Fkk A i jUr q jkt k cgqr fopkjoku Fkk A ml d k d guk Fkk vi jk/ h d ksml d s v i jk/ l s eqfDr fnyokbZ t k; s A vFkkZr vi j k/ d s ewy d kj . kksa d ks [ kkst d jvi jk/ h d h xyr vknr ks d ks l q/ kjk t k; s A bl fy, ml us nwl js fnu vi uk fu.kZ; bl i zdkjl quk; k A pksj vi jk/ h d ks [ kt kaph cuk; k t k; s A os' ; kofÙk okys d ks ml d h eu i l an d hyM+d h l s fookg d j fn; k t k; s A ' kjkch vi jk/ h d ks ' kjkc d k Bsd snkj cuk fn; k t k, r Fkkt qvkjh d ks eR; q naM fn; k t k; s A ; g vuks[ kk U; k; ns[ k efU=k; ksa us jkt k i j i z' u fd ; k fdt qvkjh d ks gh eR; q naM D; ksa \ t cfd ; g d ksbZ fo' ks"k vi jk/ Hkh ugha A bl d s mÙkj esajkt k d gus yxk fd eSaus vi jkf/ ; ksa d ks mud h euksdkeuk i wjh d j d s l q/ jus d k ekSd k fn; kgSA bl l s gks l d r k gS og l q/ j t k; sa A i jUr q t qvkjh d Hkh Hkh ugha l q/ j l d r k A Hkysgh bl d ks d bZ [ kt +kus fn; s t k; sa A ; g fQj Hkh t qvk [ ksysxk ft l l s d Hkh u d Hkh ; g l Hkh/ u t q, esaas O; FkZ xaok nsxk r Fkk fQj ; g uaxs d k uaxk gh jgsxk A bl fy, bl d s l q/ jus d hvk' kk gS gh ugha A vr % bl d ks eR; q naM gh mfpr gS A

fot ; % fcYd qy , sl h gh d gkuh eSaus ' kj kc d s ckjs esa l qu j [ kh gS fd ' kjkc gh l kjsvi jk/ ksa d h t M+ gS A [ kSj --- ; gk¡ r ks ; g d guk gksxk fd fopkj vi us&vi us gSa A d kSu l k, sc T; knk Hk; ad j gS ; g r ks fuf' pr ugha A gk¡ ; g t : j gS l Hkh , sc cqjkbZ; k¡ gh i Snk d j r sgSa r Fkk bul s l ekt esa vi jk/ c<+r s gSa A

vt hr % t q, d s nq"i fj . kke d s i zek. k r ks gekj s bfr gkl esa cgqr gSa A t Sl s µd kSjoksa&i kaMoksa d s chp eas [ ksys x, t q, esa i k¡Mo ; gk¡ r d gkj x; s fd mUgksaus vi uh bTt +r

{96}

vFkkZr i Ruh nzksi nh Hkh t q, esa gkj nh Fkh A bl fy, , d yksd d gkor gS µ

¶t qvkj h t k; s ft r ] pkj i kbZ; k¡ pkj t qvkj h bd AA

t qvkj h t k; s gkj ] pkj i kbZ bd t qvkj h pkj AA

vFkkZr t qvkjh d s eu dh voLFkk ml ds gkjus t hr us i j l k/ kj . k O; fDr l s cgqr fHkUujgr h gS A d Hkh og cgqr [ kq' k r Fkk d Hkh xgjs ' kksd esa Mwck jgr k gS A bl i zd kj ml d si fjokj i j cgqr cqjk vl j gksr k gS r Fkk ml d s ?kj esa vf/ d r j d ys' k d k okr koj . k cukjgr k gS A

fot ; % og d Sl s \

vt hr % vd l j t qvkjh t c [ ksy [ ksyr s gSa r ks os l e; d k d Hkh è; ku ugha j [ k i kr sAos l kjh&l kjh jkr t qvk [ ksyus esa fcr k nsr s gSa A ft l l s mud s LoHkko i j d qi zHkko i M+r k gSr Fkk og fpM+fpM+s gks t kr s gSa r Fkk os l kjh gkj d k xqLl k vi us i fjokj d s l nL; ksa i j fud kyr sgSa A nwl jh r jQ mudk i fjokj jkst +&jkst + d s / u ds vHkko r Fkk jkst +&jkst + d h fpM+fpM+ l sr ax jgus yxr k gS r Fkk bl l s mud s ?kj d k okr koj . k r ukoi w.kZ gks t kr k gS A , d r ks ml esacM+k d kj. k ; g Hkh gksr k gS fd t qvkjh vi uk vf/ d ka' k l e; t q, esa cckZn d jr k gS A ft l l sog vi us i fjokj d h r jQ è; ku ugha ns i kr k A bl r jg mud s ?kj esa d bZ l eL; k, a cuhjgr h gSa A fo' ks"kd j mu yksxksa d k jkr &jkr Hkj ?kj l s xk; c jguk A mud h i fRu; ksa d kt hou cckZn d j nsr k gS A

fot ; % eq>s r ks uhan vk jgh gS A eSa r ks l ksus t k jgk gw¡ A

vt hr % l e; r ks d kQh gks x; k gS A vkt goynkj est j us l hVh ugha ct kbZ A

fot ; % v js HkkbZ vkt ' kfuokj gS A bl fy, gkQ&Ms gS A

vt hr % gk¡ eSa r ks Hkwy x; k Fkk A [ kSj eSa Hkh vc cSfjd esa pyr k gw¡ r Fkk l ksr k gw¡ A

nksuksa vi us&vi us fcLr j i j l ks t kr s gSa A r hl js i gj pk; d k l e; gks t kr k gS r ksl Hkh pk; i hr s gSa A fot ; vkSj vt hr d ks pk; ds fy, foDVj mBkus dk i z; Ru d jr k gS A

{97}

os mBus dk uke ugha ysr s A bl i j foDVj cgqr fcxM+r s gq, d gr k gS µ D; k r qe nksuksa d ksbZu' kk d jd s l ks; s gks fd r qEgkjh uhan ugha [ kqyr h A r c MkaV l quus i j nksuksa pk; d s fy, mBcSBr s gSa r Fkk pk; i hr s gSa A

vt hr % (pk; i hr s gq, ) vkt r ks ge MV d j l ks; s gSa A

foDVj % r qe r ks , sl s l ks; s gq, Fks t Sl s d ksbZ u' kk fd ; k gks A

vt hr % eSa ; g xans u' ks ugha d j r k A esjs r ks [ kwu esa gh u' kk gS A eq>s bu u' kksa d hd Hkh t +: j r gh ugha i Ms+xh A

foDVj % t okuh d k u' kk gS ; g A

vt hr % HkbZ; k ugha ugha A ; g u' kk t okuh d k ugha [ kwu d k u' kk gS A vt hr , dxkus d s d qN ' kCn xquxqukr k gS&

¶fcu fi ; s eq>d ks u' kk Nk; k gS A

foDVj % , d gh ckr gS A [ kwu Hkh r ks t okuh esa gh gksr k gS A

vt hr % t c [ kwu l s t okuh] t okuh esa gS [ kwu r ks bu nksuksa eas u' kk gh u' kk gS A fQjfd l h xans u' ks d h gesa D; k t : j r gS A

foDVj % r ks fQj yksx u' ks D; ksa d j r s fQj r s gSa \

vt hr % vi us [ kwu d ks t ykus r Fkk l q[ kkus d s fy, r kfd os yksx i zkd fr d u' ks d svkuan d k ykHk u mBk l d sa A

l p r ks ; g gS fd d f=ke u' kk [ kwu d ks mÙksft r d jus d k l k/ u gSa A ft l l s[ kwu esa d qN nsj d s fy, d f=ke xehZ i Snk gks t kr h gS A d f=ke xehZ t ks fd efLr "di j i zHkko Mkyr h gS A O; fDr ml s l gu ugha d j i kr k r Fkk d qN nsj d s fy, l : j egl wld j r k gS A i jUr q ; g voLFkk Hkh vf/ d fnu ugha jg i kr h] D; ksafd gj jkst i hus l s [ kwuesa , d r ks d eh vk t kr h gS A nwl js [ kwu ' kjkc d h j l k; fud fØ; k }kjk mr uh d f=ke xehZ

{98}

i Snk ugha d j l d r k ft r uh fd i gys&i gy gksr h Fkh] D; ksafd jkst +&jkst + d s i hus l s [ kwuesa f' kfFkyr k vk t kr h gS A og vi uh i gys okyh okLr fod ' kfDr [ kks nsr k gS r Fkk i r ykHkh i M+ t kr k gS A bl fy, ' kjkch d ks i gys ft r uk u' kk ysus d s fy, fQj vf/ d ' kjkc i huhi M+r h gS A bl i zd kj ' kjkch dh gj jkst + ' kjkc d h ek=kk c<+r h t kr h gS i jUr q ml s mr uk u' kkugha gksr k A bl d k Li "V vFkZ gS fd okLr o eas u' kk [ kwu eas gksr k gS ' kj kc esa ugha A ; fn, d d et +ksj euq"; ; k [ kwu d h d eh okyk jksxh ' kjkc d ks fi ; sxk r ks og ml s i pk gh ughal d r k r Fkk t Ynh ghs eR; q d h r jQ c<+ t kr k gS A

foDVj % ckr r ks fd l h gn r d Bhd gS A i jUr q l Hkh yksx t okuh gh esa u' ks d j r sns[ ks x; s gSa \

vt hr % t okuh esa euq"; d s i kl i Sl k gksr k gS r Fkk ' kjhj esa r kt +k [ kwu gksr k gS Aft l l s u' kk fd ; k t k, r ks ' kjhj u' kksa d k d qi zHkko l gu d j ysr k gS A bl d s foi jhr cq<+ki saesa / u d k vHkko jgr k gS r Fkk ' kjhj Hkh u' kksa d k d qi zHkko l gu ugha d j i kr k A bl fy,vf/ d ka' k u' ksckt +ksa d h eR; q vl e; gh gks t kr h gS A ugha r ks fd l h Hk; ad j jksx d s f' kd kjgksd j vi us i fjokj okyksa d s fy, , d l eL; k cud j jg t kr s gSa A

fot ; % r sjs d ks r ks l ekt l q/ kjd gksuk pkfg, Fkk A r qeus ; g ukSd jh O; FkZ esa ghd j yh gS A

vt hr % l p r ks ; g gS fd ft u ek¡&cki d h N=k Nk; k eas esjk i kyu&i ks"k. k gqvk gSmud k t hou pfj=k gh , d vkn' kZ Fkk A bl fy, esjs d ksey eu i j cpi u l s gh d qN , sl ki zHkko mud s vkpj . k d k i M+k gS fd vc esjh ekufl d voLFkk gj cqjs d ke l s ?k. kk d jusokyh gks xbZ gS A

r Hkh i kl esa cSBk t Qj d gr k gS A

t Qj % vjs HkbZ ; g t okuh d s fnu gh r ks ekSt esys d s gksr s gSa A ; g i r k ughaa d gk¡l s Kku okyh ckr sa mBk ykr k gS A

{99}

vjs HkkbZ ¶l kS fnu d h ft +Unxh l s vPNs gSa I; kj ds nks&pkj fnu A

vt hr % Bhd gS I; kj&O; kj] b' d&fo' d d jks jksd r k dkSu gS \ i jUr q d jks l Ppk Aft l l s r qed ks ' kkjhfjd vkuan Hkh feys r Fkk l ekt esa fd l h i zd kj d h cqjkbZ Hkh ugha QSysA

t Qj % yks d j nh u ?kqek fQjk d j ckr ogh d h ogh A

vt hr % eSa Bhd d gr k gw¡ esjs HkkbZ ; g Hkh t okuh esa r kt +s [ kwu d k u' kk ek=k gh gS¶b' d &fo' d ¸ A t Sl s gh t okuh <yr h gS ; k bUl ku fd l h d kj. ko' k vLoLFk gksr k gS r ksogh l qUnj vkSjr eu d ks vPNh ugha yxr h r Fkk ml l s ?k. kk gks t kr h gS A bl l s fl ¼ gksr kgS fd vkSjr Hkh [ kwu d h mÙkst uk d k l k/ u ek=k gS A okLr o esa b' d fo' d r ks gekjs vUnjgh gS A bl d s fy, Lokeh foosdkuUn t h d k d Fku gS A ft l ' kfDr d ks ge b' d d s fy,' kjhj l s ckgj fud kyus esa br uk vkuan egl wl d j r s gSa A vxj ml h ' kfDr d ks ge vi us' kjhj d s Hkhr j gh l at ksd j j [ ksa r ks fd r uk vkuan egl wl d jsaxs A

l q[ knso fl a?k % vt hr r qe l Hkh i zd kj d s u' kksa d k fojks/ d jr s gks i jUr q fl [ kksa esa fugaxfl a?k Hkh r ks Hkax i hr s gSa A ; g Hkh r ks u' kk gh gS \

vt hr % l Hkh l Ei znk; ksa r Fkk l ekt esa u' ks d k cgqr fojks/ d soy bl fy, fd ; k t kr kgS fd u' kksa d s i z; ksx l s d bZ i zd kj d s ' kkjhfjd j ksx mRi Uu gks t kr s gSa bud s l sou d si ' pkr ~~ O; fDr d bZ i zd kj d s vi jk/ Hkh vDl j d j r k gS A

vor kj % nwl jh cSfjd l s vkokt + yxkr k gqvk vkr k gS r Fkk d gr k gS fd unh i j Lukud jus ugha t kuk D; k \

vt hr % (mÙkj esa ml s vi us i kl cqykd j d gr k gS) vHkh bd V~Bs gksd j pyr s gSaA

l q[ knso % vor kj t h] vki cr k, ¡ fd Hkkax d s u' ks d k D; k i zHkko gksr k gS \

vor kj % i gys r qEgha ; g cr kvks fd gekjs ; gk¡ Hkaxh fd l s d gr s gSa \

l q[ knso % l QkbZ d eZpkfj ; ksa d ks Hkaxh d gr s gSa A

vor kj % cl ! bl d s i zHkko l ss Loa; gh vuqeku yxk yks A

l q[ knso % ugha] ugha A vki d qN u d qN bl i j i zd k' k vo' ; Mkysa A

{100}

vor kj % ; g , d ui ql ad d j nsus okyk u' kk gS A ft l s i hus l s O; fDr x+Qyr d kt hou t hr k gS ml d h v. k[ k&xSjr ej t kr h gS r Fkk og csxSj r ft Unxh t hus d s fy,foo' k gks t kr k gS A os d Hkh Hkh vi us LokHkheku d s fy, l a?kZ"k ugha d jr k A cl bl h ckrd k vuqfpr ykHk l ekt d k / uh vkSj Å¡pk oxZ mBkr k gS A ft l l s Hkkax i hus okyk oxZd et +ksj gksr k pyk t kr k gS A mud s t hou esa d ksbZ ØkfUr ; k mYykl ugha jg t kr k AcfYd l e¼ yksxksa d s eSys <ksus d s : i esa ft +Yyr mBkuh i M+r h gS A

l q[ knso % vki us t ks cr k; k og l c Bhd gS] i jUr q esjk i z' u ; g gS fd fl [ kksa esa fugaxfl a?k Hkax D; ksa i hr s gSa \

vor kj % t Sl s fd eSa i gys cr k pqd k gw¡ fd Hkax , d uai ql d u' kk gS A ; g u' kkO; fDr d ks x+Qyr d h uhan esa l qyk nsr k gS r Fkk og O; fDr c&xSjr (csvM+[ kk) cu t kr kgS A bl ckr d k ykHk mBkus d s fy, jkt uhfr K yksx ' k=kq l suk esa u' kksa d k i zpkj&i zl kjd jkr s gS A ft l l s ' k=kq l suk fcuk yM+s fuf"Ø; d j nh t kr h gS A mnkgj. k d s fy, fo; r ukeesa vejhd h l Sfud ksa d ks d bZ i zd kj d s u' kksa (Mªx) d h yr yxk nh xbZ Fkh bl d s i z. kkeLo: inqfu; k d h l cl s vk/ qfud vL=kksa&' kL=kksa l s l ql fTt r vesjhd h l suk d ks i jkt ; d k eq¡gns[ kuk i M+k A Bhd bl h i zd kj fczfV' k l jd kj us phu d s ukxfjd ksa es vQhe d k i zpkj fd ; kFkk ft l l s os yksx fuf"Ø; cus jgs vFkkZr fczfV' k d ks vi uh d yksfu; ksa esa mud k l keuk ud juk i M+s A bl i zd kj gkaxd kax esa fczfV' k jkt uhfr cgqr l Qy jgh A vr % vaxzst yksxphfu; ksa d ks vQheph d gd j l Ecks/ u d jr s Fks A Bhd bl h i zd kj egkjkt k j . kt hr fl a?kd s l kezkT; ds i r u d s i ' pkr ~ , d egkjkt fl a?k uked fuagx t RFksnkj us fonzksg d j fn; kog yEcs l e; r d fczfV' k l suk l s yksgk ysr k jgk A vUr esa Hksfn; ksa }kjk ml s i d M+ok d j' kghn d jok fn; k x; k A bl i j vaxzst ksa us fugax l suk d ks fuf"Ø; d jus d s fy, muesavi us Hksfn; ksa }kjk Hkax bR; kfn u' ks d s l sou d h yr d k i zpkj&i zl kj fd ; k A ft l l s fczfV' kl kezkT; d s fo: ¼ d ksbZ u; k Lor U=kr k l axzke fQj l s u [ kM+k gks l d s A

bUgha ckr ksa d s chp ugkus d k l e; gks t kr k gS A

foDVj % pyks] vkt unh i j ugkus pyr s gSa A

{101}

; g l qur s gh l Hkh d i M+s mBkd j unh i j ugkus py nsr s gSa A

(vxys fnu)

foDVj % ( l q[ knso d ks l acksf/ r d j r s gq, ) r qe r ks vkt d St qvy yho (Casual

Leave) i j t kus okys Fks] fQj x; s D; ksa ugha \

l q[ knso % eSaus , i yhd s' ku nh Fkh i j vks-l h- l kfgc us t kus ugha fn; k A d gus yxsvxys l Ir kg r qe d ks vkÅV i kl (Out Pass) Hkst nw¡xk A vHkh Iyk¡V fj i s; j d j ks A; g d k; Z t +: jh gS A

foDVj % ?kj D; k d ke gS \

l q[ knso % d ksbZ [ kkl ugha A cl njckj l kfgc t kd j , d eUur d s fl yfl ys esavekoL; d k Luku d juk Fkk A

foDVj % vekoL; k esa r ks vHkh d qN fnu jgr s gSa A

l q[ knso % eSa vc vekoL; k i j r ks ugha i gq¡p i kÅ¡xk A

vt hr % r ks D; k gqvk \ ver l jksoj esa Luku r ks d j gh yksxs u A

l q[ knso % Luku d k egÙo r ks vekoL; d k gksr k gS A

vt hr % egÙo r ks ver l j ksoj esa Luku d k gS A fd l h fo' ks"k fnu d k ugha A

l q[ knso % fQj ogk¡ i j vekoL; d ks gh D; ksa esyk yxr k gS r Fkk yksx vekoL; d ks ghD; ksa Luku d s fy, vkr s gSa \

vt hr % okLr o esa ckr ; g gS fd fl [ k l H; r k i j vU; er ksa d k Hkh xgjk i zHkko i M+pqd k gS A bl fy, yksx i qjkus : <+hoknh fopkjksa d ks R; kx ugha i k jgs gSa A og Hkh , d &nwl jsd h ns[ kk&ns[ kh i wue] vekoL; r Fkk l aØkfUr bR; kfn dks fcuk fd l h dkj.k egÙo nsr s jgs gSaAokLr o esa gekjs xq: t uksa us vkè; kfRed f' k{kk d s fy, vkfn xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h t c jpukd h r ks yksx xq: ok. kh d k vè; ; u r Fkk Jo. k d jus cgqr d e vkr s Fks A t ks vkr s os Hkh, d f=kr ugha gks i kr s Fks D; ksafd l c d s vkus d k l e; vyx&vyx gksr k Fkk A bl fy,

{102}

l Hkh d ks , d l kFk ' kCn d h O; k[ ; k d s l kFk vè; ; u d jkuk cgqr d fBu Fkk A xq# t h d sJ¼kyqvksa d k d guk Fkk fd gs xq#nso gekjs i kl ?kjsyw d keksa d s d kj . k l e; fud y ughai kr k A bl fy, ge l Hkh , d l e; i j ugha vk i kr s A HkDr t uksa d h l eL; k d ks en~nsut +jj [ kr s gq, ] xq# t h us d gk fd Bhd gS r qe d ksbZ , d fnu fuf' pr d j yks A bl i j nsl h(Hkkjr h; ) eghus d k i gyh fr fFk vFkkZr l aØkfUr d k fnu fuf' pr d j fy; k x; k A clml fnu l s gh yksx l aØkfUr d ks egÙoi w.kZ fnu ekud j xq: ok. kh Jo. k d jus gsr w , d =k gksusyxs A d qN l e; i ' pkr ~ nwj l s vkus okyh l axr dh l qfo/ k d s fy, d qN vkSj fnu & i wuevkSj vekoL; (el ; k)] vkfn] fuf' pr d j fy, x; s D; ksafd ml l e; yksxksa esa br uht kx: d r k ugha Fkh fd os gj l aØkfUr d s fnu d ks ; kn j [ k l d s A ; gh fnu vkxs pyd jvkxs pyd j egRoi w. kZ fnu cu x, A okLr o esa bu fnuksa d k d ksbZ fo' ks"k egRo ugha gSAl Hkh fnu i zd fr d s , d t Sl s gh gSa A cl ; g fnu yksxksa d ks vkè; kfRed Kku d s fy, i zsfj rd jd s , d f=kr d jus gsr q j [ ks x; s Fks A

vor kj % t gk¡ r d vekoL; d k njckj l kfgc (Jh gfjefUnj l kfgc) l s l EcU/ gSbl d s i hNs d qN , fr gkfl d r F; Hkh gSa t ks bl i zd kj gSa µ i gyk] gekjs NBs xq#] xq#gfjxksfcUn t h Xokfy; j d s fd ys l s oki l ykSVd j fnokyh d h vekoL; d ks ver l j i gq¡psFks A bl fy, ; g ' kqHk fnu eku fy; k x; k gS A bl d s vfr fjDr eqxy d ky esa l u~ 1745d s yxHkx t c njckj l kfgc d s pkjksa r jQ i gjk yxk fn; k x; k Fkk fd d ksbZ fl D[ k blver l jksoj esa Luku u d jus i k; s vkSj fl [ kksa d ks vl aoS/ kfud (xSj&d kuwuh) yksx ?kksf"krd j fn; k r Fkk fl [ kksa d ks t ku l s ekjus okys vFkok i d M+okus okys d ks i qjLd r d juk i zkjEHkd j fn; k Fkk mu fnuksa LokfHkekuh fl [ kksa us eqxyksa d h pqukSfr ; ksa d ks Lohd kj d jr s gq, njckjl kfgc d s ver l jksoj esa vekoL; d h v/ Z jkf=k d ks Luku d j d s eqxyksa d ks yyd kjuki zkjEHk d j fn; k Fkk A cl bUgha d kj . kksa l s vekoL; k d ks ckn esa egÙo fn; k t kus yxk A

l q[ knso % vxj , sl k gS r ks l aØkfUr d s fnu gh D; ksa ckjg ekg d h ok. kh d ks gqDeukesad s : i esa l quk; k t kr k gS A

vt hr % vxj vki ckjg ekg d h ok. kh d k Hkko l e>ks r ks fcYd qy Li "V gks t k, xk

{103}

fd ; g ok. kh d soy mu yksxksa d s fy, jph xbZ Fkh t ks czkã. kksa r Fkk i afMr ksa }kjk QSykbZ xbZHkzk¡fr ; ksa d s f' kd kj Fks r Fkk t ks ogeksa&Hkzeksa d k R; kx ugha d j i k jgs Fks fd Qyk¡&Qyk¡ fnu' kqHk gS ; k bl fnu d k ; g egRo gS A [ kSj--- xq#nso us bl ok. kh esa ekuo ek=k d ks i zHkq HkfDrd s fy, i zsfj r fd ; k A bl fy, bl ok. kh d ks ; g Hkh d gk t k l d r k gS fd ; g Jh xq# xzaFkl kfgc d k l kj gS A okLr o esa xq: t h us xkxj eas l kxj okyh d gkor d s vuql kj ckjg ekgd h ok. kh jpd j ft Kkl qvksa d s fy, vnHkqr d k; Z d j fn[ kk; k gS A

l q[ knso % d y d ks r qe d gksxs fd v[ kaM i kB d k Hkh d ksbZ egRo ugha gS A

vt hr % vjs HkkbZ ! gj d k; Z d k vi uk vyx egRo gksr k gS A i jUr q ns[ kus okys d hvi uh&vi uh nf"V gS A d ksbZ ml d k; Z d k Hkko vFkZ l e> t kr k gS fd ; g d k; Z fd lfy, gekjs cqt qxks± }kjk vi uk; k x; k gS r Fkk d ksbZ ml d k; Z d ks yd hj d s Qd hj d h r jgd j r k pyk t kr k gS A cl , d Qy feyus d s ykyp esa A

l q[ knso % r qEgkjs fopkjksa esa i kB D; ksa d jk; k t kr k gS \

vt hr % t c xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us xq: xn~nh vkfn xzaFk l kfgc d ks ns nh r ks ml fnumUgksaus vkns' k fn; k fd vkt l s vkfn xzaFk l kfgc d ks xq# d k LFkku ns fn; k gS A l ks esjs l Hkhf' k"; vkè; kfRed f' k{kk d s fy, vkfn xzaFk l kfgc d ks gh vi uk okLr fod xq# ekusaxs Abl d s vfr fjDr d ksbZ vU; O; fDr fo' ks"k esjs f' k"; ksa d k xq# ugha gksxk A bl d s fy, mUgksaus, d fyf[ kr Qjeku Hkh t kjh fd ; k µ

vkKk HkbZ vd ky d h r Hkh pyk; ks i aFk AAl Hk fl [ ku d ks gqDe gS] xq# eku; ks xzaFk AAxq# i aFk t h eku; ks] i zxV xqj ka d h nsg AAt ks i zHkq d ks feycks pgs] [ kkst ' kCn esa ysg AA ( l j cyksg xzaFk)

t c xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us xq# xn~nh vkfn xzaFk l kfgc d ks ns nh r ks mUgksaus Jh xq#xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh d k v[ k.M i kB d jus d k vkns' k fn; k A okLr o esa mud s , sl k d jkusd k , d ek=k euksjFk Fkk fd HkDr t u l Ei w. kZ ok. kh d k vè; ; u d j ysa A d gha ; g u gks

{104}

fd yksx xq# xzaFk l kfgc d ks Hkh , d ewfr Z d h r jg fl j >qd k d j pys t k, r Fkk ok. kh d kvè; ; u gh u d js r Fkk xzaFkh t h Hkh d gha xq: ok. kh l s vfUHkK u jg t k; s A mu yksxksa d kHkh gj jkst + v[ k.M i kB d jus l s xq# ok. kh d s ' kq¼ mPpkj. k d k vH; kl gks t k; sxk r Fkk osok. kh d h O; k[ ; k cgqr vl kuh l s d j i k; saxs A bl d s vfr fjDr yksxksa d s v i us ?kj i jv[ k.M i kB d jkus l s d qN u; s yksxksa d ks xq: ok. kh l quus d k ' kqHk vol j feyr k gS A ft l l sog xq# xzaFk l kfgc d s fo"k; esa vi uh foPkkj / kjk cuk l d r s gSa r Fkk ml d s Kku l s ykHkmBk l d r s gSa A

l q[ knso % ; g r ks l c Bhd gS A i jUr q eSa i wNuk pkgr k gw¡ fd v[ k.M i kB d jokusl s d ksbZ fo' ks"k i q. ; D; k gS r Fkk bl d s d jus l s fd l h fo' kss"k Qy d h i zkfIr gksr h gS \

vt hr % Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa , d LFkku i j vafd r gS µ

¶xkoh, s l q. kh, s efu j [ kh, s Hkkm AAnq[ kq i j gfj l q[ kq ?kfj yS t kb AA e- û] i "B ü

bl d k vFkZ gS fd xq: ok.kh d ks xkus o l quus ds i ' pkr ml i j vey d jus l s vkfRedykHk feysxk A i jUr q ; g ykHk O; fDr d h eu d h voLFkk i j fuHkZj gS A ft r uh J¼kHkkouk; sa gksaxh] mr uk eu ' kq¼ gksxk vkSj mr uk gh egRo feysxk A Bhd bl h i zd kj v[ k.Mi kB d jkus d k d ksbZ egRo ugha D; ksafd vDl j ns[ kk x; k gS fd yksx fd l h ' kqHk d k; Z ; k' kksd d s l e; gh v[ k.M i kB d jokr s gSa A t c fd l h d s ; gk¡ d ksbZ [ kq' kh d k vol j gksr kgS r ks xzaFkh t h gh i kB d jr s jgr s gSa A ml d ejs esa ?kj d s nwl js l nL; cgqr d e t kr s gSar Fkk ok. kh Jo. k d jr s gh ugha A bl d s foi jhr ?kj d s nwl js d ejksa esa vfr fFk yksx ukp xkusesa r Fkk ' kjkc bR; kfn d s l sou esa O; Lr jgr s gSa A cr kvks , sl h fLFkfr esa v[ k. M i kB d kD; k ykHk gS \ d soy yksd kpkj d s vfr fjDr d qN ugha gS A ckr ; gha i j [ kRe ugha gksr hAd qN yksx v[ k.M i kB dk egkr e fcuk fd l h d "V fd ; s eksy [ kjhnuk pkgr s gSa A os yksxfd l h cM+s xq#}kjs esa i Sl s ns d j ogha i j ?kj cSBs v[ k. M i kB d jok ysr s gSa r Fkk os Lo; a , dckj Hkh v[ k.M i kB l quus d s fy, xq#}kjs esa mi fLFkr ugha gksr s A cr kvks , sl s yksxksa d ks D; kykHk gks l d r k gS \ okLr o esa ykHk r ks xqjok. kh d s l quus r Fkk vè; ; u d jus d k gh gS A

{105}

; g , sl k gh gS t Sl s fMxzh i zkIr d jus d s fy, esjs LFkku i j d ksbZ nwl jk i <+kbZ d js A

foDVj % ; g Hk; kud vkokt d Sl h gS \

fot ; % d ksbZ , sDl hMSUV gksus d h l EHkkouk gS A pyks ns[ kr s gSa A

l Hkh t Ynh l s ; qfuV d s uhps okyh gkbZos i j i gq¡pr s gSa ogk¡ nks xkfM+; ksa d h vkeus&l keus, d eksM+ i j VDd j gks pqd h gS A , d xkM+h t ks fd cl gS ml d h l okfj ; k¡ cqjh r jg ?kk; yvoLFkk esa nnZ d s d kj . k fpYyk jgh gSa vr % l gk; r k d s fy, i qd kj r s gS A ph[ k&i qd kjl qud j cgqr l s yksx bd V~Bk gks t kr s gSa] i jUr q Mj d s ekjs d ksbZ vkxs ugha c<+ jgk fd d ghai qfyl d sl d s d kj . k fd l h pDd j esa u Q¡l t k, A t Sl s gh ; s l Sfud ogk¡ i gq¡ps r ks HkhM+dks gVus d k vkns' k nsd j l Hkh ?kk; yksa d ks ckjh&ckjh xkM+h l s ckgj fud kyus dk i z; Ru d jr sgSa A i jUr q d qN ?kk; yksa d h gkyr vf/ d xEHkhj gS vr % mud s fy, LVspj dh vko' ; d r kgS A t Ynh l s vt hr ; qfuV esa oki l t kd j vi us , e-vkbZ- : e (i zkFkfed fpfd Rl k dsUnz)l s LVspj r Fkk d qN QLV , sM d h l kexzh ysd j vkr k gS vkSj vi us l kFk ; qfuV d s ufl ±x, sfl LVSaV dks Hkh l kFk ykr k gS A r Hkh ?kk; yksa d h ns[ kHkky i zkjEHk d j nh t kr h gS vkSj mud hvko' ; d r k vuql kj ejge i V~Vh d jus esa t qV t kr s gSa A dqN t oku pk; &i kuh dk i zcU/d j r s gSA vkSj mu ?kk; yksa d ks vLi r ky i gq¡pkus d s fy, , EcqySal xkM+h eaxokr s gSa A br usesa LFkkuh; i qfyl d eZpkjh Hkh i gq¡p t kr s gSa vkSj v i uh d k; Zokgh vkjEHk d j nsr s gSa A, EcqySal xkM+h ?kk; yksa d ks ysd j vLi r ky pyh t kr h gS A r Hkh l Hkh t oku t Ynh l s vi uh; qfuV d ks oki l ykSV vkr s gSa A

foDVj % vkt geus okLr o esa vi uk d ÙkZO; fuHkk; k gS A

fot ; % ekuor k d s i zfr d k; Z d juk gh r ks okLr fod ns' k l sok gS A ; fn ge l e;i j u i gq¡pr s r ks ogk¡ i j [ kM+s fl ofy; u d qN l gk; r k d jus okys u Fks A

t Qj % mud s i kl l gk; r k d jus d ks Fkk gh D; k t ks os yksx l gk; r k d j r s \

vt hr % l gk; r k d soy l kexzh l s ugha d h t kr h l gk; r k eu r u l s d h t kr h gS ; fnos pkgr s r ks gekjs ogk¡ i gq¡pus l s i woZ mu ?kk; yksa d ks xkM+h l s ckgj fud ky l d r s Fks r Fkkmud ks i kuh bR; kfn fi yk l d r s Fks A

{106}

foDVj % ge fØ' puksa esa i hM+r ksa d s fy, l sok Hkko l cl s vf/ d gksr k gS vkSj ge ghus jSMØkl l ksl kbZVh d ks t Ue fn; k gS t ks fd ; q¼jr l Sfud ksa d h Hkh ns[ kHkky d jr h gS A

vt hr % ; g r ks Bhd gS fd vk/ qfud d ky d h jSMØkl l ksl kbZVh i f' pe d h nsu gSi jUr q fl [ k l H; r k esa ; g yxHkx 250 o"kZ i woZ LFkkfi r gks pqd h Fkh A

fot ; % og d Sl s \

vt hr % l u~ 1700 d s yxHkx d h ?kVuk gS fd vkuani qj l kfgc d ks eqxy r Fkk i gkM+hjkT; ksa d s l Sfud ksa us ?ksj fy; k A d bZ fnu ; q¼ pyr k jgk A vkeus&l keus d h yM+kbZ esacgqr l s l Sfud ekjs x; s r Fkk ?kk; y gks x; s A ml ; q¼ esa fl [ k l Sfud ksa us , d d UgS; k ukedl Sfud d ks i d M+ fy; k t ks fd vi us l Sfud ksa d s l kFk&l kFk ' k=kq l suk d s ?kk; y l Sfud ksa d ksHkh i kuh fi yk jgk Fkk A ml s r qjUr xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k i s' k fd ; k x; k vkSj ml i j vkjksiyxk; k x; k fd ; g ' k=kq l suk l s feyk gqvk gS A vr % mud s ?kk; yksa d ks Hkh t hou nku nsjgk gS A bl d h l QkbZ esa HkkbZ d UgS; k t h us d gk & eq>s d ksbZ ' k=kq fn[ kkbZ gh ugha nsr kAj . k{ks=k esa r ks l Hkh ?kk; y eq>s ml i je~fi r k i jekRek d h l Ur ku gh fn[ kkbZ nsr s gSa A eSa r ksmud ks i kuh fi ykr k gw¡ t ks i kuh d h bPNk j [ kr k gS A ; g mÙkj l qu xq#nso cgqr i zl Uu gq,mUgksaus ml s l hus l s yxkd j vk' kh"k nh fd r qeus fl [ kh ds okLr fod Lo: i d ks l e>k gS vr %r qe Hkfo"; esa i kuh d s l kFk&l kFk ?kk; yksa d h ejge i V~Vh Hkh fcuk HksnHkko fd ; k d jks Ar c l s fl [ kksa esa ?kk; yksa d s l kFk HksnHkko ugha fd ; k t kr k vkSj l kekU; : i l s , d t Sl h l sokd h t kr h gS A

foDVj % gekjs ; gk¡ l cl s i gys nhu nq%[ kh; ksa d h l sok d juk gh fl [ kk; k t kr k gS vkSjml h O; fDr d ks Lohd k; Z ekur s gSa t ks i j fgr d s d k; Z esa vi usd ks l efi Zr d j ns A

vt hr % / eZ uke gh l sok Hkko gS t ks fu"d ke l sok ugha d j r k og / ehZ i q: "k gks ghugha l d r k A

unh i j i gq¡pr s gh l Hkh Luku esa O; Lr gks t kr s gSa r Fkk d qN l e; esa Luku d j oki lcSfjd ksa esa i gq¡pr s gSa A

{107}

vt hr % l q[ knso HkbZ; k l k<+s i k¡p gksus d ks gSa A t +jk xq: ok. kh fopkj d k; ZØe r ksyxkvksA

l q[ knso % vPNk cr kvks ; g d k; ZØe fd l ehVj i j vk; sxk \

foDVj % vjs ogh i j t gk¡ xq#}kjk yxr k gS A

l q[ knso % D; k er yc \

foDVj % vjs xq#}kjk er yc & t kyU/ j jsfM; ks A

l q[ knso % t kyU/ j jsfM; ks xq#}kjk d Sl s gks x; k \

foDVj % eSa t c Hkh t kyU/ j jsfM; ks LVs' ku yxkr k gw¡ r ks eq>s r ks ogk¡ i j xq#}kjs okysi zksxzke gh l quus d ks feyr s gSa A

vt hr % , sl k gS r ks ugha A l e; &l e; i j l Hkh i zd kj d s d k; ZØe gksr s jgr s gSa A gksl d r k gS vki d s l kFk nks&r hu ckj , sl k gqvk gks A

foDVj % ugha ugha A eSa t c Hkh jsfM; ks yxkr k gw¡ eq>s r ks vDl j fl [ kksa okys i zksxzke ghl quus d ks feyr s gSa A

vt hr % vxj yksd r U=k esa jguk gS r ks cgqer d h gh ckr T; knk pyr h gS A i ¡t kcesa fl [ kksa d h fxur h vf/ d gS A bl fy, LoHkkfod gS ogk¡ i j mud s fy, vf/ d d k; ZØeHkh gksaxs A

foDVj % ; g ns' k vxj yksd r U=k i z. kkyh d k gS r ks bl d s l kFk l Ei znk; fuj i s{k Hkh gSAvxj r qEgkjk ogk¡ i j cgqer gS r ks bl d k vFkZ ; g ugha fd r qe ogk¡ l s / kfeZd i zpkj ' kq:d j nks A

vt hr % vki dk ; g vkjksi fujk/ kj gS D; ksafd jsfM; k LVs' ku dk l apkyu d sUnz l jd kjd jr h gS uk fd i zknsf' kd l jd kj A ogk¡ t ks d k; ZØe gksr s gSa og d soy vkfRed Kku d sfy, gksr s gSa A ft u d ks fuj i s{k d gk t k l d r k gS A buesa fd l h i zd kj d k d ksbZ / kfeZd

{108}

; k jkt uhfr d i zpkj ugha gksr k A bl d s foi jhr eSa ; g i zek. k ns l d r k gw¡ fd fØ' usYVh d ki zpkj ns' k d h d bZ Hkk"kkvksa esa r Fkk d bZ d sUnzksa }kjk gksr k gS A

foDVj % d kSu&d kSu l s d sUnzksa l s \

vt hr % esjk er yc gS t cyi qj ds vfr r k ckck jsfM; ks l s r Fkk fl yksu l s gS t ks yxHkxnks r hu ?kaVs fØ' usYVh d k i zpkj d j r s gSa A

foDVj % ; g r ks fons' kh jsfM; ks d sUnz gS A

vt hr % er yc r ks fØ' usYVh d s i zpkj l s gS A og r ks i wjk gks jgk gS A bl d keqd kcyk nqfu; k d k d ksbZ Hkh l Ei znk; ] i zpkj l k/ uksa d s , sr ckj l s ugha d j l d r k A , dfØ' p; u gh gs ft ud k i zpkj vk/ qfud r jhd ksa l s r Fkk cgqr O; ; d jd s fd ; k t k jgk gS A

foDVj % r qEgkjs ; gk¡ d kSu l h d eh gS A f' kjkse. kh xq#}kjk i zcU/ d d esVh r Fkk vU;l aLFkkvksa }kjk u t kus fd r us gh , sl s Ld wy] gLi r ky] vukFk vkJe] yaxj r Fkk ykbczsfj ; k¡[ kksy j [ kh gSa A ft ud s ekè; e l s / kfeZd i zpkj gksr k gS A

vt hr % vki us ft ud h ppkZ d h gS og yxHkx i ¡t kc r Fkk ml d s vkl &i kl ghl hfer gSa A okLr o esa i ¡t kc fl [ kksa d k d sUnz r Fkk t Ue&LFky gS A ; gk¡ i j bu l aLFkkvksad k gksuk LoHkkfod gh gS A i jUr q vki d h r ks i zpkj O; oLFkk l eLr ekuo l ekt r d QSyhgqbZ gS r Fkk bl i j [ kpZ Hkh d bZ ns' kksa d h l jd kjsa jk"Vªh; d ks"kksa l s d jr h gSa A bl fy, vki d si zpkjd , d r ks cgqr f' kf{kr gksr s gSa r Fkk cgqr vuqHkoh gksr s gSa A nwl js og cgqr vk/ qfudekè; eksa l s cgqr [ kphZyk i zpkj d j i kus eas l eFkZ gSa A mnkgj. k d s fy, fo' ks"k jsfM; ks LVs' kuksar Fkk VSfyfot uksa d k l gkj k fy; k x; k gS A bl d s vfr fjDr og cgqr cM+s i Sekus i jfØ' pusYVh d k l kfgR; eqÝr esa fo' o d h cgqr l h Hkk"kkvksa esa ck¡Vr s gSa A bl d s vfr fjDrHkkj r esa Hkh ; gk¡ fØ' puksa d h t ul a[ ; k vf/ d gS A fo' ks"kd j ukxkySaM r Fkk fet +ksjebR; kfn LFkkuksa i j r ks fØ' pusYVh d k i zpkj&i zl kj vkd k' kok. kh l s Hkh gksr k jgr k gS A

vt hr ?kM+h ns[ kr s gq, 6 ct us d ks gSa A vkt r ks esjh ukbZV M; wVh gS A vPNk eSapyr k gw¡ A

{109}

vt hr xkMZ : e esa pyk t kr k gS A ogk¡ dh xkMZ d k j ft LVj ysd j l Ur fj ; ksa d h l wphns[ kr k gS r Fkk ml d s vuql ku ogk¡ i j l Ur fj; ksa d ks mi fLFkr i kd j xkMZ d ekUMj d s d kyeesa vi us gLr k{kj d j nsr k gS A vc i gyk l Ur jh M; wVh i j r Sukr gks t kr k gS A vU; nksl Ur jh r Fkk vt hr xkMZ : e esa vi us&vi us fcLr j yxkr s gSa A

nsoh nÙk % (vt hr d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s gq, ) % vxj bt kt +r gks r ks eSa FkksM+h nsj d sfy, d SUVhu esa gks vkÅ¡ \

vt hr % t : j&t : j i jUr q , sl h Hkh D; k t : j r i M+ xbZ gS \

nsoh nÙk % d ksbZ [ kkl ckr ugha A cl chM+h ekfpl ysuh Fkh A

vt hr % cM+s ' kkSd l s t kvks A i jUr q vki r ks mÙkjk[ k. M d s egku i afMr gSa A , dcqf¼t hoh] fopkj ' khy O; fDr A vki Hkh bl / qezi ku t Sl h egkekjh d s f' kd kj gSa A

nsoh nÙk % l Pph ckr r ks ; g gS fd t hou esa vki t Sl s O; fDr cgqr d e feyr s gSa Aft ud s l kFk gekjk gj l e; dk mBuk cSBuk gS og chM+h [ kwc i hr s r Fkk fi ykr s gSa A bl fy,u pkgr s gq, Hkh bl d k f' kd kj cuuk i M+r k gS A eSaus r ks cgqr d ksf' k' k d h gS fd eq>l s ; gNwV t k; s i jUr q ; g yksx d gk¡ NksM+us nsr s gSa A

vt hr % d qN gn r d r ks vki d h ckr Bhd gS A i jUr q eSa r ks ; g d gw¡xk fd vki usvkt r d n<+ fu' p; ugha fd ; k A

nsoh nÙk % bl h l ekt esa jguk gS A n<+ fu' p; bl hfy, ugha d j i kr k gw¡ A

vt hr % gk¡ ; kn vk; k vk; Z l ekt d s l aLFkki d Lokeh n; kuan d s t hou d s vafr el e; d h , d vnHkqr okr kZ vki d ks l qukr k gw¡ A ' kk; n ; g r ks vki d ks ekywe gksxk fdmud h eR; q j kt k t S fl ag d s egy esa t ; i qj eas , d os' ; k d s fo"k nsus i j gqbZ Fkh A

nsoh nÙk % ugha r ks A

vt hr % Bhd gS A eSa mud s t hou d h vfUr e l e; d h okr kZ Hkh vki d ks l qukr k

{110}

gw¡ A Lokeh n; kuan t h , d ckj jkt k t S fl ag d s egy esa vfr fFk d s : i eas i gq¡ps r ks mUgksausjkt k d ks , d d qUr h uke d h os' ; k d s i kl i k; k A Lokeh t h us jkt k d ks ehBh QVd kj nsr sgq, d gk fd , d fl ag ( ' ksj ) d ks , d d qÙkh d s i kl ugha t kuk pkfg, A bl l s j kt k r ksyfTt r gq, A i jUr q ml os' ; k us bl O; ax d ks l gu ugha fd ; k A ml us i zfr ' kks/ d hHkkouk l s i zsfj r gksd j Lokeh t h d ks nw/ esa fo"k feyk d j fn; k A Lokeh t h d h nw/ i hr s ghn' kk fcxM+us yxr h A og r qjUr t ku x, fd vc esjk vfUr e l e; fud V gS A bl fy,mUgksaus r qjUr vi us l sod ksa d ks cqykd j vkns' k fn; k fd esjh bPNk gS fd esjs ' kjhj d ks oghyksx Luku d jk, a r Fkk vaR; sf"V fØ; k d jsa t ks fd l h Hkh i zd kj d s r Eckd w l s cuh oLr q d kmi ; ksx u d j r s gksa A bl ckr i j l Hkh J¼kyqvksa d s eu esa fpar k gqbZ fd gekjs chp r ksyxHkx , sl s O; fDr gSa gh ugha t ks fd l h u fd l h i zdkj l s r Eckdw d k i z; ksx u d jr s gksa A t Sl sgh Lokeh t h d k nsgkar gqvk bl ckr d ks ysd j ogha i j , d l Hkk cqykbZ xbZ fd Lokeh t hd h vfUr e bPNk d Sl s i wjh d h t k, A ogk¡ i j l Hkh us fopkj foe' kZ d s i ' pkr ~~ , d ghfu. kZ; fy; k fd d soy , d ek=k fl D[ k yksx gh bl ekuo l ekt esa , d , sl k oxZ gS t ksr Eckd w d k i z; ksx fd l h Hkh n' kk eas ugha d j r k A bl fy, ; g d k; Z fl [ kksa d ks l kSai k t k; s Ar Hkh t ; i qj d s LFkkuh; xq#}kjk fl a?k l Hkk eas l ans' k Hkst k x; k r Fkk ogk¡ l s fl [ kksa d ks Lokeht h d h vaR; sf"V fØ; k d jus d s fy, vkeaf=kr fd ; k x; k A bl i zd kj Lokeh t h d h ' ko; k=kk Hkh fl [ kksa }kjk gh d jkbZ xbZ A

; g l Hkh okr kZyki nwl jk l ar jh t xnh' k i zl kn Hkh ' kkUr fpÙk l qu jgk Fkk A og d gusyxk ¶vt hr HkkbZ eSaus bl ukSd jh esa cgqr l s fl D[ k ns[ ks gSa A t ks l k/ kj . k ckr phr esa Hkhvi uh i ¡t kch gh cksyr s gSa A os fgUnh Bhd l s ugha cksy i kr s A i jUr q vki cgqr ' kq¼ fgUnhcksyr s gSa A vki us ; g fgUnh cksyuk d gk¡ l s l h[ kh \

vt hr % esjs HkkbZ A eSa Hkh mÙkjk[ k. M d k gh fuokl h gw¡ A vkt , d l a; ksx gh gS gemÙkjk[ k. M d s gh bd V~Bs gks x, gSa A

t xnh' k % vki yksx Lor a=kr k d s i ' pkr ~ gh i f' peh i ¡t kc l s ogk¡ i j cl x; s gksaxs\

vt hr % gk¡ A ns' k d s foHkkt u d s i ' pkr ~ gh ge yksx ogk¡ i j cl x; s Fks A gekjk

{111}

i ¡t kc l s d ksbZ l EcU/ ugha gS A D; ksafd gekjs i qoZt i s' kkoj d s fuokl h Fks A l hek i zkUresa ogk¡ d h Hkk"kk vyx l s gS A

t xnh' k % gekjs yksxksa esa r ks ; g / kj . kk cuh gqbZ gS fd t ks Hkh fl D[ k gSa og l Hkhi ¡t kch gSa A\

vt hr % ; g fopkj gh xyr gS fd gj fl D[ k i ¡t kch gksr k gS D; ksafd fl D[ k yksx Hkhbl l e; , d vyx l ai znk; d s : i esa t kus t kr s gSa A fd l h Hkh l Ei znk; d s fy, d ksbZfo' ks"k Hkk"kk d k gksuk t : jh ugha gS A mnkgj. k d s fy, eql yekuksa d k ewy l kfgR; vjch esagS A i jUr q ; g yksx fo' o Hkj esa gSa r Fkk vyx&vyx Hkk"kk, ¡ cksyr s gSa A bl h i zd kj fgUnqHkh ns' k d s d ksus&d ksus eas l ek; sa gSa i jUr q mud h Hkk"kk vyx&vyx gS A Bhd bl h i zd kjfØ' p; u Hkh fo' o O; ki h er gS r Fkk bud h Hkk"kk Hkh vyx&vyx gS A fQj fl [ kksa d hHkk"kk vyx&vyx D; ksa ugha gks l d r h \

t xnh' k % vki d h ckr r ks Bhd gS i jUr q fl D[ k yksx fgUnh d k fojks/ d jr s ns[ ks x; sgSa A

vt hr % fcYd qy xyr A vki us fl [ kksa d ks t kuk gh ugha gS A fl [ kksa d s nl osa xq#xksfcUn fl a?k t h us vi uh vf/ d ka' k jpuk, ¡ fgUnh r Fkk czt Hkk"kk esa jph gSa A ft uesamYys[ kuh; gS µ t ki l kfgc] vd ky mLr r ] l oS; s] bR; kfn A eq>s ; gk¡ [ ksn l s dguk i M+r kgS fd bu fgUnh d h egku jpukvksa d ks vkt r d Ld wyksa d s i kB~; Øeksa esa D; ksa ugha ' kkfeyfd ; k x; k ft l l s fgUnh l kfgR; , d cgqr egku jpukvksa l s oafpr jg x; k gS A [ kSj--- xq#xksfcUn fl a?k t h us vi us t hou d ky esa vi us ; gk¡ ds fo}kuksa dks d k' kh essa l aLdr ds vè; ; ud s fy, Hkst k A t ks vkt Hkh fl D[ k fo}kuksa d s uke l s t kus t kr s gSa A ; g yksx Hkh Hkxosd i M+s i gur s gSa A vkt d y ; s yksx ½f"kd s' k] gfj }kj ] d k' kh] ver l j ] bR; kfn LFkkuksa esaHkh gSa A fl [ kksa esa ; s yksx fueZys l ar d s uke l s fo[ ; kr gSa A ; s yksx fgUnh d s egku fo}ku, oa i afMr gSa A l PpkbZ r ks ; g gS fd t ks vi us d ks fl D[ k d gykus esa vkRexoZ d k vuqHkod jr s gSa os l Hkh yksx xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d h j fpr ok. kh; ksa d k foLr kj i woZd vè; ; u d jpqd s gksr s gSa A t Sl s fd eSa i gys d g pqd k gw¡ fd og vf/ d ka' k jpuk, ¡ fgUnh r Fkk czt

{112}

esa gSa A bl fy, LoHkkfod gS fd fl [ k fgUnh t kur s gSa A r Hkh r ks os vi us xq# }kjk j fprokf. k; ksa d k vè; ; u d j i kr s gSa A vc vki cr kvks , sl h n' kk esa fl D[ k d Sl s fgUnh d kfojks/ d jsaxs A okLr o esa xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d h jpuk, ¡ fgUnh l kfgR; d ks , d cgqr cM+hnsu gS A i jUr q [ ksn bl ckr d k gS fd vkt r d fgUnh d s l kfgR; d kjksa us mud h jpukvksad k vè; ; u gh ugha fd ; k A bl fy, os bl egku l kfgR; l s fgUnh t xr d ks oafpr j [ ksgq, gSa A

t xnh' k % xq# xksfcUn l kfgc t h d h jpuk, ¡ vkSj fd u&fd u Hkk"kkvksa esa gSa \

vt hr % xq#nso us vi uh jpukvksa esa r hu Hkk"kkvksa d k i z; ksx fd ; k gS µ fgUnh] i ¡t kchr Fkk Qkj l h A mud h jpukvksa esa fgUnh d h jpuk, ¡ vf/ d gSa A bl d k i zeq[ k d kj . k gS fdml l e; Hkkjr d h l kfgR; d Hkk"kk czt Fkh r Fkk l kFk gh mUgksaus vi uk ckY; d ky i Vuk easO; r hr fd ; k Fkk bl fy, mud h i zkj fEHkd f' k{kk fgUnh gh esa gqbZ Fkh A LokHkkfod Fkk mud hjpukvksa esa fgUnh d ks i zeq[ kr k feyh A t gk¡ r d mud h Qkj l h r Fkk i ¡t kch jpukvksa d ki z' u gS ml d s l kFk Hkh d qN r F; gSa A i ¡t kch mud h ekr Hkk"kk Fkh r Fkk Qkj l h ml l e;d h l jd kjh Hkk"kk Fkh A vr % mUgksaus vi uh jpukvksa eas i ¡t kch d s vykok fgUnh r Fkk Qkj l hd ks ' kkfey fd ; k A bl i zd kj l k/ kj . k ' kCnksa easa ; g d gk t k l d r k gS fd xq# xksfcUn t hvi us l e; d s , d egku fo}ku Fks A ft Ugksaus ml l e; r huksa Hkk"kkvksa d ks vi uh jpukvksaesa LFkku fn; k A okLr o eas og l kfgR; d h nf"V l s , d egku l kfgR; d kj Hkh Fks A

nsoh nÙk % HkbZ; k [ kkus d k l e; gks x; k gS A vxj vki d gsa r ks [ kkuk [ kk vk; sa A

vt hr % gk¡ Bhd gS A ckjh&ckjh ge yksx [ kkuk [ kkus t k; saxs A i gys eSa r Fkk r qe [ kkvkr s gSa A

vt hr r Fkk nsoh nÙk [ kkus ds fy, t kr s gSa A cynso r Fkk t xnh' k ogk¡ M; wVh i j jgr sgSa A d qN l e; i ' pkr ~ nksuksa [ kkuk [ kkd j ykSV vkr s gSa A r c r d i gys l ar jh d h M; wVhd k l e; l ekIr gks t kr k gS A bl fy, ogk¡ nsoh nÙk M; wVh i j r Sukr gks t kr k gS A r ccynso jkt r Fkk t xnh' k i zl kn [ kkus d s fy, t kr s gSa A vt hr mu nksuksa d s ykSVus l s i gys

{113}

VkpZ ysd j ; qfuV d s l Hkh LVksjksa d s r kys bR; kfn ns[ kus t kr k gS A l Hkh l pZ ykbVksa d kst ykr k gqvk l Hkh LFkkuksa d k fujh{k. k d jr k pyk t kr k gS A

vt hr d s oki l vkus r d os yksx Hkh [ kkuk [ kkd j ykSV vkr s gSa r Fkk foJke d s fy,vi us fcLr jksa i j cSB t kr s gSa A

vt hr % (cynso d ks l Ecksf/ r d jr s gq, ) cynso r qe r ks vHkh bUgha fnuksa NqV~Vh dkVd j vk; s gks cr kvks vi us ; gk¡ i j d Sl s py jgk gS \

cynso % HkbZ; k D; k cr kÅ¡ \ eagxkbZ t ksjksa i j gS A t u&l k/ kj . k r ks Hkz"Vkpkj ]HkkbZ&Hkr ht kokn d h ny&ny esa Q¡l x; k gS A vehj o xjhc esa br uk vUr j vk x; k gSft l l s fuEu Jsf. k; ksa d s yksxksa d k t huk d fBu gksr k t k jgk gS A l Ùkk/ kjh gfj t uksa d smRFkku d h ckr r ks d j r s gSa i jUr q O; ogkfjd : i fcYd qy fHkUu gS A l ekt esa oght kfr &i kfr dk pØO; wg , d&nwl js dks uhpk fn[ kkr s gSa r Fkk ' kks"k.k esa yxs jgr s gSa A ft l d ksns[ kd j yksd r U=k i j Xykfu gksus yxr h gS A vc eSa l kspr k gw¡ d k' k ! gekjs ; gk¡ Hkhd E; wfuTe gksr k r ks d e l s d e l cd ks cjkcj t hus d k vf/ d kj r ks feyk gksr k A

vt hr % d E; qfuLV ns' kksa esa ' kkl u i z. kkyh , d jkt uhfr d ny d h gS A vr % ogk¡ i j, d kf/ d kj l s yksx cgqr i hfM+r gS A ' kkl d oxZ eu ekuh d j r s gS ft l l s i zt k d k cgqrcqjh r jg neu fd ; k t kr k gS A t gk¡ r d Hkz"Vkpkj d k i z' u gS ogk¡ i j Hkh ge t Sl s ekuojgr s gSa] os d ksbZ nsor k ugha A muesa Hkh ge t Sl h gh ekuo d et ksfj ; k¡ gS A mu yksxksa d seu esa Hkh d ke] Øks/ ] yksHk] eksg r Fkk vgad kj t Sl h i zofr ; k¡ i kbZ t kr h gSa A bl ckr d sfy, ogk¡ i j fd l h LoxZ d h d Yi uk d juh gh l Qsn >wB gS A

cynso % ogk¡ i j d qN r ks vUr j gS A

vt hr % d E; qfuTe d s t Ue d ks r ks yxHkx 100 o"kZ Hkh ugha gq, A gekjs ; gk¡ i jl e; &l e; i j cgqr l s egki q: "kksa us bl l kekft d cqjkbZ d k d M+k fojks/ fd ; k gS r FkkmUgksaus bl d s fy, vn~Hkqr i z; kl Hkh fd ; s gSa A yxHkx vkt l s 400 l ky i woZ] r hl js xq#ukud vFkkZr mud s mÙkjkf/ d kjh xq# vejnkl t h us fl [ kksa esa t kr &i kr d ks feVkus d s

{114}

fy, yaxj i zFkk pykbZ A mud k ml l e; ; g vkns' k Fkk µ t ks O; fDr esjs n' kZu d s fy,vk; sxk og i gys yaxj esa , d i afDr esa cSBd j Hkkst u d jsxk A yaxj d h i afDr esa l Hkh , dl kFk cSBr s gSa A pkgs og fl i kgh gS ; k l suki fr A pkgs og czkã. k gS ; k ' kwnz A fcuk fd l hHksnHkko , d l kFk cSBd j] , d i zd kj d k gh Hkkst u d juk bl ckr d k i zr hd gS fd l Hkh, d l eku gSa A d ksbZ cM+k NksVk ugha A mu fnuksa xq#nso d s yaxj esa l ezkV vd cj us HkhHkkst u fd ; k] vd cj yaxj i zFkk ns[ kd j br uk i zHkkfor gqvk fd ml us xq# t h d ks yaxj d sfy, i k¡p l kS ch?ks Hkwfe nku esa nsuh pkgh i jUr q xq#nso us mud s i zLr ko d ks vLohd kj d jfn; k A ckn esa cgqr nckc Mkyus i j xq#nso d h l i q=kh chch Hkkuh t h d s uke og Hkwfe mi gkjLo: i HkasV nh xbZ ft l i j vkt ver l j ' kgj cl k gqvk gS A ckr ; gha i j l ekIr ughagksr h A fl [ kksa d s nl osa xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us t c cqjkbZ; ksa d s fo: ¼ l a?k"kZ NsM+k r ks mUgksausvi us f' k"; ksa d ks ver i ku d jk; k A mud k , d ek=k mns' ; ; g Fkk fd yksxksa eas t kr &i kr; k NqvkNwr d ks i gys l ekIr fd ; k t k; s A bl fy, mUgksaus l Hkh i zd kj d s oxks± d s yksxksa d ksfcuk fd l h HksnHkko l s , d gh cr Zu esa l s , d l kFk ver i ku d jk; k A bl d s i ' pkr ~ l Hkhvi us vki d ks fl [ k d gykus yxs A ml fnu l s mud k oxhZd j . k l ekIr gks x; k A

cynso % HkbZ; k ekQ d juk t gk¡ r d eSa t kur k gw¡ vkt Hkh fl D[ kksa esa oxhZd j . k gSAd ksbZ t V gS] d ksbZ yqckuk] d ksbZ Hkki k fl D[ k r Fkk d ksbZ jkexf<+; k fl D[ k bR; kfn A

vt hr % okLr o eas ; g d ksbZ t kr &i kr ugha gS A fl D[ k yksxksa d s vyx&vyx i s' ks; k ml d h vk; d ks Li "V d jr k gS A t V fl D[ k vFkkZr fd l ku fl [ k] jkexf<+; k fl D[ kvFkkZr VSDuhf' k; u fl [ k] Hkki k fl D[ k vFkkZr O; ki kjh fl D[ k A

cynso % ; g r ks Bhd gS i jUr q , d oxZ vkSj Hkh gS ft l s fl [ kksa esa NksVk ekuk t kr kgS t Sl s & et gch fl D[ k A

vt hr % okLr o esa fl D[ k vknZ' k d s vuql kj d ksbZ NksVk&cM+k ugha gS t ks fd l h d ksfd l h r jg ghu nf"V l s NksVk vFkok cM+k l e>r s gSa A os fl D[ k gh ugha D; ksafd os vi usxq: t uksa d s vkns' kksa r Fkk mud s }kjk n' kkZ; s vkn' kZ ekxZ l s fxj pqd s gSa A Lor U=kr k d s i ' pkr ~~ns' k d s l afo/ ku esa ' kwnzksa (gfj t uksa) d s fy, cgqr l h jk"Vªh; Lr j i j mud h mUufr d s fy,

{115}

l jd kjh ukSd fj ; k¡ l qj f{kr j [ kh xbZ r kfd mud ks l ekt esa l Eeku i zkIr gks l d s A

bl l s gfj t uksa d ks cgqr vf/ d eukscy feyk A r Hkh i ¡t kc d s os gfj t u ft u yksxksaus t kr &i kr d k <ksax l ekIr d j fl [ k er dks vi uk fy; k Fkk r Fkk vi us fy, mUur h d sekxZ [ kksy fy, Fks A vc t hou d h nkSM+ esa os vkSj vkxs c<+uk pkgr s Fks r Fkk l jd kjh fj ; k; r sat ks gfj t uksa d s fy, nh x; ha Fkh A fo' ks"kd j l qj f{kr ukSd fj ; ksa d k ykHk mBkuk pkgr s Fksi jUr q fl D[ kksa esa d ksbZ NksVk cM+k u gksus d s d kj . k ; g fj ; k; r sa bud ks ugha nh xbZ A ft l l sbu yksxksa d ks l qj f{kr ukSd fj ; ksa d k d ksbZ ykHk ugha gqvk A bl d kj . k bu yksxksa eaas cspSuhQSyus yxh r Fkk d qN ' k=kqvksa }kjk md l kus i j fd r qEgsa fl [ k cud j D; k feyk A bu yksxksad k eukscy VwVus yxk A r Hkh ml l e; d s fl [ k usr k ekLVj r kjk fl a?k t h us bl xEHkhjl eL; k d ks l qy>kus d s fy, d sUnzh; xg ea=kh l s vuqjks/ fd ; k fd i zR; sd O; fDr d ks ml d sewy t Uefl ¼ vf/ d kjksa l s oafpr ugha fd ; k t kuk pkfg, A ; g vuqjks/ Lohdkj d j fy; kx; k A ft l l s fl D[ kksa esa bl d kuwu l s ykHk mBkus d s fy, yksxksa us fQj l s gfj t u ' kCnvi us l kFk t ksM+ fy; k A okLr o eas ; g ?kVuk , d jkt uhfr d ?kVuk gS A i jUr q cnfd Ler hl s fl D[ kksa d s chp esa fl [ k : i / kj . k d j d qN czkã.k ?kql cSBs gSa A t ks ; g ugha ns[ k l d r sfd mud s cjkcj nwl js fl [ k mr uk gh l ekt esa eku&l Eeku i zkIr d jsa A bl fy, mUgksauseux<+r cqjkbZ; k¡ l ekt esa fQj l s i Snk d juh ' kq: d j nh gS A

NksVs oxZ d s fy, Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh esa , d LFkku i j vafd r gS µ

uhpka vanfj uhp t kfr ] uhph g¡w v fr uhpq AA

ukud fr u d S l afx l kfFk ofMvk fl m fd vk j hl AA

ft FkS uhp l ekyhvfu fr FkS unfj r sj h c[ kl hl AA e- û] i "B ûÿ

xq: xzaFk l kfgc d h egku ok. kh d k ; gk¡ vFkZ gS µ

Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h egku ok. kh d h bl jpuk esa xq# ukud nso t h d gr s gSa A gsi zHkq ! eSa cgqr gh r qPN O; fDr gw¡ A i zHkq vki d h d i k&nf"V Hkh r ks NksVs l e>s t kusokys oxZ i j vf/ d jgr h gS A D; ksafd vki fouez r Fkk xjhcksa d s ; gk¡ fuokl d j r sgSa A vfHkekuh r Fkk cM+s d gykus okys nwj gh jgr s gSa A

{116}

oSl s t gk¡ r d Hkz"Vkpkj d k i z' u gS A gekjs ; gk¡ Hkh l e; &l e; i j l ar ksa egki q: "kksaus Hkz"Vkpkj d s fo: ¼ vkokt + mBkbZ gS A buesa xq# ukud nso t h i zeq[ k gSa A

mud k d Fku Fkk µ

gd q i j kbvk ukud k ml q l wv# ml q xkb AAxq# i h# gkek r k Hkj s t ka eqjnk# u [ kkb AA e- û] i "B ûþû

bl d k l h/ k vFkZ gS fd ; fn Hkz"Vkpkj l s fgUnq / u bd V~Bk d j r k gS r ks ml d s fy,, sl k / u xk; s d s jDr d s l eku gS ; fn ; gh dk; Z d ksbZ eql yeku d jr k gS r ks og / u ml d sfy, l wvj d s jDr l eku gS A

bl d s vfr fjDr mUgksaus d gk µ

j kt s l hg eqd ne d qr s AA t kb t xkbfu cSBs l qr s AA

i "B ûüøø

; Fkk

d fy d kr h j kt s d kl kbZ] / j eq i a[ k d fj mMfj vk AA

d wî ›q vekol l pq panzek nhl S ukgh d g pfM+vk AA e- û] i "B ûþÿ

mud s t hou d h , d ?kVuk gS fd og , d cgaqr l k/ kj . k O; fDr HkkbZ ykyks uke d sc<+bZ d s ; gk¡ Bgjs gq, Fks fd r Hkh , d vehj o i zfl ¼ vf/ d kjh efyd Hkkxks ds ; gk¡ cgqrcM+s Hkkst d k v; kst u fd ; k x; k A ft l esa efyd us vi us ; K d ks l Ei w.kZ d jus gsr w l Hkhl k/ l Ur ksa d ks vkeaf=kr fd ; k A i jUr q ml Hkkst esa xq# ukud nso l fEefyr ugha gq, Aft l l s efyd Hkkxks us vi uk ; K vi w. kZ ekuk A vi uk ; K l Ei w. kZ d jus d s fy, efydus xq# ukkud nso t h d ks t cjnLr h cqyk Hkst k A r c xq#nso Lo; a gh vk x; s r Fkk mUgksausd gkµ gs efyd ! Hkkst D; k r Fkk t cjnLr h D; k A r c efyd cksyk & vki , d uhpd s ; gk¡ r ks Hkkst u d j jgs gSa A i jUr q essjs ; gk¡ D; ksa ugha d j r s A xq#nso us d gk & okLr oesa HkkbZ ykyks uhp ugha gS A uhp r ks r qe gks t ks xjhcksa l s ywVk / u , d f=kr d jd s d soy ; K

{117}

d j v i us d ks / U; ekuus yxs gks A okLr o esa ; g Hkkst ugha xjhcksa d k [ kwu gS A bl d sfoi jhr HkkbZ ykyks d h fd jr d h d ekbZ esa eq>s nw/ gh nw/ fn[ kkbZ nsr k gS A ; g l qu efydHkkxks us d gk & vki us t ks d qN d gk gS] og eq>s fl ¼ d jd s fn[ kkvks ugha r ks eSa--- A xq#nsous r Hkh HkkbZ ykyks l s ml d s ; gk¡ d h jksVh eaxokbZ r Fkk nwl js gkFk esa efyd Hkkxks d s eky i wM+sfy, fQj nksuksa d ks fupksM+k A HkkbZ ykyksa d h jksVh l s nw/ r Fkk efyd Hkkxks d h jksVh l s [ kwupwus yxk ; g ns[ k l Hkh r jQ l UukVk Nk x; k r Fkk efyd Hkkxks [ kwc Hk; Hkhr gks x; k ft l l sml us Hkz"Vkpkj d k ekxZ gh NksM+ fn; k A

gekjs ns' k esa 500 o"kZ i woZ] xq# ukud us vPNs t u&t hou d s fy, l ekt okn d kukjk cqyan fd ; k Fkk A mud k d guk Fkk fd fd j r d jks] uke t i ks r Fkk oUM Nd ks AmUgksaus ; g r hu l w=kh l ekt okn fn; k gh ugha cfYd vi us t hou esa vi ukd j t ul k/ kj . kd s l keus , d mnkgj. k i zLr qr fd ; k A muds i gys l w=k d k Hkko Fkk vi uh t hfod k ds fy,i fjJe d juk A

t ks O; fDr vi uh t hfod k dekus d s fy, vi us gkFkksa l s d ke d jr k gS A ml dh vk;esa cjd r gksr h gS A ml d k eu ' kq¼ gksr k gS A ml i fj Jeh d s d kj . k ns' k mUur gksr kgS A , sl k O; fDr ' kkjhfjd i fj Je d jd s v i us gd d h d ekbZ [ kkr k gS A ft l l s og' kkjhfjd r Fkk ekufl d jksxksa l s eqDr jgr k gS vkSj l nSo ' kfDr ' kkyh cuk jgr k gS A

oUM Nd ks vFkkZr ck¡Vd j [ kkvks A i zR; sd O; fDr d ks v i us d ek; s / u esa l s Hkht : j r eanksa d h t : j r sa i wjh d juh gSa ; k l a; qDr : i l s d ek; s / u d ks l Hkh esa ml d s mfprgd d ks ck¡Vd j [ kkuk gS A , d d kj [ kkus d s ekfyd d ks vi us et nwjksa }kjk d ek; s / u esamud k cjkcj d k fgLl k nsuk gS A bl l w=k d k l h/ k vFkZ gqvk fd / u d k l eku for j . kAft l l s l ekt esa l Hkh ukxfjd ksa d h vkfFkZd n' kk eas l ekur k jgs A

uke t i ks] vFkkZr i zHkq d h ; kn d ks l nSo Þn; esa cl kvkss A bl l w=k d k l h/ k vFkZ gSfd ekuo d ks i zd fr esa O; kIr egk' kfDr d s Hk; d ks eu esa l at ksd j gj d k; Z d juk gS Aft l l s og d ksbZ vuqfpr d k; Z vi us vki gh ugha d jsxk bl i zd kj ml d ks vi us eu i jfu; U=k.k j [ kus d s fy, fd l h l jd kjh ; k l kekft d nckc d h vko' ; d r k gh ugha i M+sxh A

{118}

; fn ; g r hu l w=kh d k; ZØe O; fDr vi us t hou esa vi uk ysr k gS r ks og l Ppk ns' kHkDr gS A og l Ppk l ekt oknh gS r Fkk og ns' k d k l Ppk ukxfjd gS A ft l d s Åi jl ekt dks xoZ gks l d r k gS A nqfu; k d k l cl s cM+k l ekt okn ; k d E; qfut +e ; gha gS A bl l sc<+d j d ksbZ l ekt okn gks gh ugha l d r k A D; ksafd ; g vkUr fjd eu l s O; fDr v i ust hou esa vi ukr k gS A i jUr q dE; qfut +e ml i j l jd kjh nckcksa l s yknk t kr k gS A ft l d ksog eu l s vi ukr k ugha gS r Fkk og vUnj gh vUnj fojks/ d j r k gS A

; g ckr fcYd qy Bhd gS fd ogk¡ i j l Hkh d qN l jdkjh l Ei fÙk ekuh t kr h gS A i jUr qgj i z. kkyh esa t gk¡ xq. k gSa ogk¡ ml esa t : j d qN =kqfV; k¡ Hkh gksr h gSa A gekjs ns' k esa Hkh i z; ksxd s : i esa cgqr l s d kj [ kkus l j d kjh cuk; s x; s gSa ; k mud k jk"Vªh; d j . k fd ; k x; k gS Ai jUr q os l Hkh d kj [ kkus br us l Qy dkj [ kkus fl ¼ ugha gq, ] D; ksafd os i zfr o"kZ ykHk d s LFkkui j ?kkVk gh fn[ kkr s jgs gSa r Fkk mUgksaus i zfr o"kZ d jksM+ksa : i ; s l jd kj dks d j d s : i esa Hkh ughafn; s gSa A t ksfd fut h {ks=k esa nsr s gSa A

nsoh nÙk % bl d k D; k d kj . k gks l d r k gS \

vt hr % i gyk cM+k d kj . k r ks ; gh gS fd gekjs ns' k esa l jd kjh d keksa d s fy, d kxt hd kjokbZ; ksa gh gksr h jgr h gSa A ft l d kj . k mRi knu esa cgqr l h ck/ k; sa mRi Uu gksr h gSa Anwl jk l Hkh d eZpkjh l e; d s i kcUn gksr s gSa d ke d s ugha A r hl jk d ksbZ Hkh d eZpkjh d ked ks vi uk d ke t ku d s ugha d j r k A cl d ke d juk gS Hkys gh ml i j ykxr d qN Hkhgks r Fkk fd r uk l e; Hkh cckZn D; ksa u gks A cl ml d ks bu ckr ksaa d h dksbZ fpUr k ugha jgr hAbl d s foi jhr fut h {ks=k esa ekfyd gj ckr d ks O; ki kfjd nf"V l s ykHk&gkfu i j fopkjd jr s jgr s gSa A os d kxt h ?kksM+s ugha nkSM+kr s A mud k gj d eZpkjh i j d M+k vad q' k jgr k gSdksbZ Hkz"Vkpkj ugha d j l d r k A dksbZ dkepksjh ugha d j l d r k A d ksbZ uqd l ku Hkh ugha d jl d r k A bl l s fut h {ks=k d s m| ksx mUufr d jr s jgr s gSa A i jUr q ml esa l cl s cM+k uqDl; gh gS fd ogk¡ i j et nwjksa d ks mud h mfpr et nwjh r Fkk l q[ k l qfo/ k, sa ugha nh t kr h A t gk¡r d i f' peh ns' kksa d k i z' u gS mud h mUufr d k l cl s cM+k jgL; ; gh gS fd ogk¡ i j l Hkh/ a/ s fut h {ks=k esa gSa A ; gk¡ r d fd vejhd k esa jsy fOkHkkx Hkh fut h m| ksx esa gS A ogk¡

{119}

i j jsy foHkkx d bZ Hkkxksas esa c¡Vk gqvk gS r Fkk l Hkh d k l apkyu cM+s&cM+s m| ksxi fr d jr s gSaAmudk vki l esa , d &nwl js d s l kFk d M+k eqd kcyk jgr k gS fd d kSu vi us ; kf=k; ksa d ks vf/d l q[ k&l qfo/ k; sa i znku d j r k gS A bl d s vfr fjDr og eky <ksus d s eqd kcys eas Hkh, d&nwl js l s t Ynh] l e; i j r Fkk l qj f{kr eky i gq¡pkus dk i z; kl d jr s gSa A bu l Hkh ckr ksal s ogk¡ d k jsyos cgqr fod fl r gqqvk gS r Fkk og Hkkjh ykHk d ekr s gSa A bl d s foi jhr gekjs; gk¡ d h j syksa d s l apkyu esa d bZ nks"k gSa A

cynso % t c l jd kjh r Fkk fut h nksuksa dkj [ kkuksa essa nks"k gSa r ks d kSu l h i z.kkyh gS ft l l sns' k r Fkk et nwjksa d ks ykHk gks A

vt hr % vc l Hkh fod fl r ns' kksa esa bl vksj cgqr l s d ne mBk; s x; s gSa A ogk¡ i jcgqr l s dkj [ kkus , sl s gSa t gk¡ i j m| ksxi fr ] l jd kj r Fkk et nwjksa d k d kj[ kkus esa l eku Hkkxgksr k gS A bl d k l apkyu mUgha yksxksa }kjk cukbZ x; ha l fefr ; ksa }kjk fd ; k t kr k gS A bl d svfr fjDr et nwjksa d ks ykHk esa l s fgLl s d s : i esa cksul fn; k t kr k gS A

cynso % gekjs ; gk¡ l jd kj , sl s m| ksxksa d h LFkki uk D; ksa ugha d j jgh gS \

vt hr % gekjs ; gk¡ yksd r U=k i z.kkyh gS A ft l d s vUr xr Z l e; &l e; i j i fj fLFkfr ; ksad s vuql kj i fjor Zu fd ; s t kr s gSa A vc cgqr l s m| ksxksa esa cksul fn; k t k jgk gS A

cynso % fQj gekjs ; gk¡ m| ksxksa esa yxs et nwjksa esa br uh v ' kkfUr D; ksa gS \

vt hr % l Hkh yksxksa d ks r ks Hkxoku Hkh [ kq' k ugha d j i k; k A ; g l jd kj D; k [ kq' kd jsxh \ d qN yksx gj d ke d h fuUnk d juk t kur s gSa A mud k d ke gh ; gh gS A okLr oesa mud s eu esa l Ur ks"k d h Hkkouk; sa ugha gksr h r Fkk ykyl k esa t yr s jgr s gSa A d qN r ksvd r K Hkh gksr s gSa A eSaus vi us t hou esa ns[ kk gS , d ek¡ ft l d s fy, l Hkh cPps l ekugSa A ml d s eu esa vi us cPpksa d s fy, Hksn&Hkko gks gh ugha l d r k A ml l s Hkh cPpsukjkt + jgr s gSa A d ksbZ dgr k gS eq>s ; g oLr q de feyh gS A ml d ks T; knk r Fkk d ksbZ d gr kgS eq>s ; g oLr q [ kjhn d j ugha nh A t cfd nwl js d ks ns nh gs A cr kvks , sl s eass QSl yk d kSud js \

{120}

nsohnÙk % vxj m| ksxksa d ks NksM+ d soy d f"k d k gh jk"Vªh; d j . k fd ; k t k; s r ks \

vt hr % gekjs cqt qxks± d h d gkor gS fd [ ksr h [ kLek l sr h* A Hkko [ ksr h&ckM+h ukSd jksai j ugha ekfyd ksa }kjk gh Qyr h Qwyr h gS A vxj [ ksr h d ks jk"Vªh; l Ei fÙk ekuk t k; s r ksl Hkh d eZpkjh l e; i j vk; saxs r Fkk l e; i j pys t k; saxs A d ke fui Vs ; k uk A t Sl k fdeSa i gys d g pqd k gw¡ A d eZpkjh r ks l e; d ks ns[ kr s gSa d ke d ks ugha A d eZpkfj ; ksa d ks r ksukSd jh d juh gS A [ ksr h fcxM+s ; k Qys&Qwys A bl d s foi jhr fd l ku [ ksr h esa vi uk r u]eu] / u l Hkh r ks yxk nsr k gS A ft l l s [ ksr h Qyr h&Qwyr h gS A

nsohnÙk % eSaus r ks cgqr l s l jd kjh d f"k QkeZ ns[ ks gSa] t ks cgqr mi t nsr s gSa A

vt hr % og Bhd gS A D; ksafd og , d uewuk gS A uewuk l nSo vPNk gh fn; k t kr kgS A okLr o esa vxj l jd kjh [ ksr h r Fkk fd l ku d h [ ksr h d h mi t d k Hkko ns[ kk t k; s r ksl jd kjh [ ksr h i j fd l ku d s eqd kcys cgqr vf/ d [ kpZ fd ; k t k pqd k gksr k gS A bl fy,og cgqr egaxh fl ¼ gksr h gS A ft l d s d kj . k ckt kj d s eqd kcys eas ; g mi t gj gkyresa Qsy gks t kr h gS A bl fy, bl mi t d ks fd l kuksa esa cht d s uke i j cgqr eg¡xs nkeksaesa cspk t kr k gS A r qe yksxksa d ks ; kn gksxk fd fi Nys d qN o"kks± eas vukt d h [ kjhn d kjk"Vªh; d j . k fd ; k x; k Fkk A i jUr q og cqjh r jg Qsy gks x; k A bl d k , d ek=k d kj . kO; ki kfjd nf"Vd ks. k d k uk gksuk Fkk A

nsohnÙk % nl ct us d ks gSa A eSa M; wVh i j t kr k gw¡ A t xnh' k d ks oki l Hkst nsr k gw¡Ar Hkh og nwl js l Ur jh d ks oki l Hkst d j Lo; a ogk¡ i j M; wVh nsus yx t kr k gS A t xnh' k d soki l vkus i j l Hkh l ksus d h d ksf' k' k d j r s gSa A D; ksafd mud ks v/ Zjkf=k esa fQj l s M; wVhi j ckjh&ckjh vkuk gS A l qcg gksus i j vt hr vi uh cSfjd esa i gq¡pr k gS r Fkk ' kkSp Lukud j xq#¼kjs t kus d h r S; kjh d jr k gS A vkt j fookj gS A vt hr us l q[ knso r Fkk fot ; d ksHkh xq#}kjs ys t kus d k fu' p; fd ; k gS A bl fy, og mud ks mBkd j r S; kj gksus d ks d gr kgS A t Ynh l s r huksa uk' r k ysd j l Sfud xq#}kjs d s fy, py i M+r s gSa jkLr s esa i jLi j fopkjfoe' kZ d j r s gq, vkxs c<+r s pys t kr s gSa A

{121}

l q[ knso % ge t c vi us uxjksa r Fkk nsgkr ksa d s vl Sfud xq#}kjs ns[ kr s gSa r ks eq>s vgl klgksr k gS fd l Sfud xq#}kjksa d k Lr j cgqr Å¡pk gS A

vt hr % r qe Bhd d gr s gks A okLr o eas l Sfud xq#}kjksa esa l Sfud vuq' kkl u gksr k gSr Fkk ; gk¡ d s xzaFkh t h fo' ks"k f' k{kk i zkIr , d mPp vf/ d kjh gksr s gS mud ks osr u Hkh vPNkfn; k t kr k gS r Fkk og l Hkh l q[ k l qfo/ k, ¡ Hkh nh t kr h gSa t ks l Sfud vf/ d kfj ; ksa d ks feyr hgSa A bl d s l kFk mud k vf/ d kj {ks=k Hkh cgqr cM+k gksr k gS ckr ; gha l ekIr ugha gksr h mud hi zfr "Bk Hkh cgqr gksr h gS r Fkk l Hkh mud k vknj d jr s gSa A bl d s foi jhr vl Sfud xq#}kjksaesa vf/ d ka' k xzaFkh mPp f' k{kk i zkIr ugha fd ; s gksr s gSa A cl FkksM+k cgqr Kku t ks mUgksaus Lo; ai zkIr d j fy; k ; k nwl jksa d h l axr esa d gkfu; ksa r Fkk fd Ll ksa d s : i esa l quk gqvk gksr k gS mul sd ke pykr s gSa A bud k osr u Hkh cgqr fuEu Js. kh d k gksr k gS r Fkk l nSo ukSd jh d hvfu' pr k l h cuh jgr h gS A u t kus d c fd l h i z/ ku ; k d esVh l nL; l s ckr fcxM+r s ght ckc fey t k, A bl d s l kFk gh bud s vf/ d kj Hkh cgqr gh l hfer (u d s cjkcj) gksr sgSa A i zR; sd ckr d s fy, d esVh d k eq¡g r kd uk i M+r k gS A fd l h NksVh l h ckr d k Hkhog Lo; a fu. kZ; ugha d j l d r s A d esVh i j fuHkZjr k d s d kj . k d bZ xzaFkh pki ywl gks t kr sgSa r Fkk / kfeZd fl ¼kar ksa d k i zpkj cgqr nch t qcku* l s d j r s gSa fd d gha d ksbZ d esVh d kl nL; ukjkt u gks t k, D; kasfd d esVh d s vf/ d ka' k l nL; +=kqfV; ksa l s i w. kZ t hou O; r hrd j r s gSa A ft l s ge l k/ kj . k ' kCnksa esa fl [ k fl ¼kar fojks/ h ; k vkpkj l afgr k (j fgr e; kZnk)fojks/ h d g l d r s gSa A ckr ; gk¡ r d l hfer ugha] okLr o esa xzaFkh ; k d hr Zuh ( jkfx; ksa) d ksvi us xqt j&cl j d s fy, l axr l s ek; k i zkIr d jus d h vfHkyk"kk jgr h gS t ks fd l axrmud ks [ kq' kh l s HkasV (mi gkj ) Lo: i nsr h gS A ; gh HkasV esa feyh ek; k gh l c vkQr ksa(i wckM+ksa) d h t M+ gS A cl ; gh l s Hkz"Vkpkj t Ue ysr k gS A D; ksafd d esVh r Fkk d eZpkfj ; ksad s ohp / u d s foHkkt u i j r uko i zkjEHk gks t kr k gS A bl d s foi jhr l Sfud xq#}kjksa esa; g l eL; k gksr h gh ugha A D; ksafd ; gk¡ d s l Hkh i zpkjd ; k d eZpkjh HkasV Lo: i d ksbZ Hkh/ u i zkIr d jus d k vf/ d kj ugha j [ kr s D; kasfd og Å¡ps nt sZ d s osr ueku i zkIr d j r s gSr Fkk mud ks l Hkh l q[ k l qfo/ k, ¡ i znku d h t kr h gSa ft l l s os r Ir gksd j l Ur ks"kt ud <ax l sM; wVh d jr s gSa A

{122}

l q[ knso % nwl js er d s i wt kfj ; ksa ; k i zpkjd ksa d ks fd l i zd kj d s osr u ; k t hfod k d sl k/ u t qVk, t kr s gSa \

vt hr % eq>s bl fo"k; esa vf/ d Kku ugha gS i jUr q fØ' puksa esa i knfj ; ksa d ks , dfo' ks"k f' k{kk nh t kr h gS r Fkk mud ks cgqr Å¡ps nt sZ d k osr u r Fkk HkÙks fn; s t kr s gSa A l kFkgh mud k vf/ d kj {ks=k Hkh cgqr cM+k gksr k gS r Fkk mud k l Eeku Hkh cgqr fd ; k t kr k gSft l l s os mUufr d j jgs gSa A

vor kj % vc r ks gekjs ; gk¡ Hkh xz¡fFk; ksa dh fo' ks"k f' k{kk d s fy, vyx l s l aLFkku pyk,t k jgs gSa A ft l l s ogk¡ d s d qN fo| kFkhZ f' k{kk i zkIr d j cgqr vPNs i zpkjd fl ¼ gq, gSaAvk' kk gS fd cgqr t Ynh ge vi uh i qjkuh i ¼fr R; kx d j u; s ; qx esa i zos' k d jsaxs A ft l l sfQj l s xq# ukud fe' ku d k i zpkj l S¼kafr d : i esa i zkjEHk gks t k, xk A

vt hr % ckr vki d h ; gk¡ ns[ kus l quus esa Bhd ekywe gksr h gS ogh ; g O; okgfjd : iesa ' akd ke; gS A

vor kj fl ag % D; ksa \ r qEgsa bl esa D; ksa ' kd gks x; k gS \

vt hr % okLr o esa vki us , d i {k d s l q/ kj d h ckr cr kbZ gS i jUr q nwl jk eq[ ; i {kHkwy x; s A ft u i j xzaFkh fuHkZj d jr s gSa µ os gaS xq#}kjk i zcU/ d d esfV; k¡ A t c r d buesa; ksX; O; fDr vkl Uu ugha gksr s r c r d d qN gks gh ugha l d r k A ; g r Hkh l EHko gks l d r kgS t c l axr pquko d s LFkku i j l h/ k fuokZpu d jsa vFkkZr Election d s LFkku i jSelection A t c d ksbZ ; ksX; O; fDr i z/ ku gksxk r ks og xzaFkh d h l eL; k ns[ kd j ml d kmfpr l ek/ ku vo' ; d jsxk A t ksfd vkxs pyd j i zpkj esa l gk; d fl ¼ gksxk A

t c ; g t oku xq#}kjs i gq¡pr s gSa r ks ml l e; vkl k d h okj* uked ok.kh dk d hr Zugks jgk gksr k gS A d hr Zfu; s r c ; g ' yksd mPpkj . k d j r s gSa A

t sr s nk. ks vau d s t hvka ck>q u d ksb AAi fgyk i k. kh t hm gS ft r q gfj vk l Hkq d ksb AA

e- û] i "B þ÷ü

{123}

d qN gh nsj esa d hr Zu d h l ekfIr gks t kr h gS A ml d s i ' pkr ~ d qN l Sfud ksa d hi fRu; k¡ ' kCn xk; u d j r h gSa µ

j keq fl efj j keq fl efj ] bgS r sjS d kft gS AAekbvk d ks l axq fr vkxq] i zHk t w d h l j fu ykxq AA

t xr l q[ k ekuq fefFkvk >wBks l Hk l kt q gS AA

e- ù] i "B ûýÿü

bl d s i ' pkr ~ , d efgyk , d / kfeZd xhr , d fQYeh / qu esa xkr h gS A bl i zd kjvkt d s nhoku d h l ekfIr gksr h gS r Fkk fu; e vuql kj vjnkl d s i ' pkr ~ xzaFkh t h gqDeysr s gSa A r Ri ' pkr i zl kn for j . k fd ; k t kr k gS A r c l Hkh yksx vi uh&vi uh ; wfuVksad s fy, ykSVus yxr s gSa A

fot ; % eq>s vUr esa xkus okyh efgyk d k ' kCn xk; u cgqr vPNk yxk gS A ; gd hr Zuh t RFkk , sl h / quksa l s ' kCn xk; u D; ksa ugha d jr s \

vt hr % i gyh ckr r ks ; g fd ml efgyk us ' kCn ; k xq: ok. kh ugha xkbZ A og , deux<+r jpuk Fkh A gk¡ og vo' ; / kfeZd fopkjksa d ks l keus j [ kd j cukbZ x; h Fkh A t gk¡r d d hr Zu d k l aca/ gS A ge d hr Zu esa d soy xq: ok. kh ; k d qN vU; i aFk i zekf. kr ok. khxk; u d s fy, i z; ksx d jr s gSa A vU; jpukvksa d ks ' kCn ; k xq: ok. kh d h l aKk ugha nh t kr hAbl ds vfr fjDr xq: ok. kh d s mPpkj.k d s fy, fQYeh / quksa d k i z; ksx l [ r euk gS] gk¡ gekjs; gk¡ d fo&l Eesyuksa esa / kfeZd eu xM+r xhr xk; s t kr s gS ft l d s fy, vki fd l h Hkh i zdkjd h / quksa d k i z; ksx d j l d r s gSa A i jUr q ; g / kfeZd xhr d gykr s gSa A ' kCn ; k d hr Zuugha A bl i zd kj d s / kfeZd xhr vDl j d fo l Eesyuksa esa xkus d s fy, jps t kr s gSa A

fot ; % ; fn fQYeh / quksa d h eukgh gS r ks / kfeZd xhr ksa d s fy, Hkh gksuh pkfg, \

vt hr % / qu D; k gS \ , d fo' ks"k i zd kj d k l axhr gS A l axhr d Hkh Hkh [ kjkc ughagks l d r k A gk¡ ; g vo' ; gS ml d k i z; ksx d gk¡ fd ; k t k jgk gS A geus r ks cl ; gh ns[ kukgS fd l h vPNh pht + d s xkus d s fy, l axhr d k i z; ksx l axhr d ks i fo=k d j r k gS A bl d s

{124}

foi jhr xyr r Fkk xans xkus l axhr d ks Hkh cnuke d j r s gSa A

fot ; % fQj r ks d hr Zu mPpkj . k d s fy, fQYeh / qusa i z; ksx esa ykbZ t k l d r h gSa A

vt hr % ugha okLr o esa d hr Zu d s fy, Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa i zR; sd jpuk d s l kFkml d s xkus d s fy, , d fo' ks"k ' kkL=kh; l axhr d s vk/ kj i j i Dd s jkxksa d k fu/ kZj . k fd ; kgqvk gS A bl d s vfr fjDr nwl jh / quksa d k i z; ksx euk gS A

l q[ knso % gekjs t kus i j t ks ok. kh mPpkj . k gks jgh Fkh ml d k Hkko vFkZ D; k gS \

vt hr % ; g jpuk xq# ukud nso t h us l ekt d s >wBs Hkze d ks nwj d jus d s fy,mPpkj . k d h gS A mud k d guk gS fd yksxks ! i zHkq d h ek; k d ksbZ ugha t ku i k; k ( ; gk¡fo' ks"kd j t Suh yksxksa d ks xq# t h l acks/ u d j jgs gSa) xq#nso d h bu i afDr ; ksa d k Hkko bli zd kj gS µ

t sr s nk. ks vau d s t hvka ck>q u d ksb AAi fgyk i k. kh t hm gS ft r q gfj vk l Hkq d ksb AAl wr d q fd m d fj j [ kh, sa] l wr d q i oS j l ksb AAukud l wr d q , o u mr jS fxvkuq mr kj s / ksb AA i "B ù÷ü

D; ksa vki yksx Hkwy&HkwybZ; ksa esa i M+s gq, gSa A i zHkq us r ks i zR; sd vukt d s nkus esa t houfn; k gS A ; gk¡ r d fd l k/ kj . k i kuh esa Hkh d jksM+ksa t ho gSa A t ksfd vk¡[ kksa }kjk fn[ kkbZ ughai M+r s A bl i kuh l s gh l eLr / j r h gjh Hkjh gS A d gk¡ r d vki yksx t hoksa d h gR; k d jusl s vi us vki d ks cpk; saxs A (D; ksafd t Suh , d l w{e d hVk. kq Hkh ekjuk i ki l e>r s gSa)bl fy, xq#nso d gr s gSa fd i zHkq d k ; g [ ksy gS t Ue ej . k ml d k gqDe gS A ml d h [ kq' khesa gh i zk. kh bl / j r h i j t Ue ysr k gS ; k vkr k t kr k gS A xq#nso d k d Fku gS µ

l Hkks l wr d q Hkjeq gS nwt S yxS t kb AA

t e. kq ej . kk gqDeq gS Hkk. kS vkoS t kb AA

[ kk. kk i h. kk i fo=k gS fnr ksuq fj t d q l ackfg AA i "B ù÷ü

{125}

l q[ knso % bl d k D; k vFkZ gqvk \ fd l h i zk. kh d h gR; k d juk i ki ugha gS \

vt hr % ugha ugha] , sl k ugha gS A ; gk¡ d soy ; gh d gk x; k gS fd t ks i zk. kh gel svUt kus esa ej t kr s gSa A ogk¡ fd l h i zd kj d k Hkze ugha d juk pkfg, fd i ki gks x; k gS A

fot ; % ckr l e> esa ugha vkbZ A fQj l e>kvks A

vt hr % t Sl k fd xq: ok. kh d g jgh gS A l Hkh eas t hou gS r Fkk vukt d s i zR; sdnkus esa Hkh t hou gS A bl i zd kj ge gt kjksa ugha d jksM+ksa gR; k; sa i zfr fnu d j r s gSa A i jUr qd qN gR; k, ¡ ge t kucw>d j i zfr fnu d jr s gSa A t Sl s &eD[ kh] ePNj] [ kVey] t w¡] fi Ll wr Fkk d bZ i zd kj d s gkfud kjd t hok. kqvksa d ks ekjr s gSa A d soy vkRe l qj{kk d s fy, ] bl d sfy, gesa Hkze esa ugha i M+uk pkfg, r Fkk bl d s fy, i zk; f' pr d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha gSAgk¡ fd l h i zk. kh d h ge vi uh LokFkZ fl f¼ d s fy, r Fkk fd l h i zk. kh d ks fcuk fd l h d kj . kekj nsr s gSa A bl d k gesa i zd fr d s l keus mÙkj nsuk gksxk A

fot ; % bl d k vFkZ gqvk fd ekal kgkjh d ks i zHkq d s vkxs nks"kh Bgjk; k t k; sxk A

vt hr % ge l Sfud yksx gSa bl fy, gekjs vkgkj d s fy, ekal vFkksjkbZt M Bgjk; k x; kgS A D; ksafd l Sfud ; fn gR; k d juk i ki l e>sxk r ks og j . k{ks=k esa yM+sxk d Sl s \ bl fy,d soy gekjs d ÙkZO; d ks ns[ kr s gq, ; g gekjs fy, i ki ugha gS A fd l h i zk. kh d k ekal [ kkuk; k ml d h gR; k d juk (fd l h LokFkZ d s fy, ) mr uk nks"k ugha ft r uk fcuk fd l h d kj . ki zkf. k; ksa d h gR; k ; k mud ks l r kus d k gS A

fot ; % gR; k r ks gR; k gh Bgjh A pkgs og fd l h d kj . k l s Hkh d h xbZ gks A

vt hr % ge bl fu. kZ; d s fy, vi us ns' k d s U; k; y; d s fu; eksa d ks ns[ ksaxs A

[ kwu d s d sl ksa esa i gys ge , sDl hMsaV d ks ysaxs A

1) , d Vªd MªkbZoj l s vut kus esa d ksbZ O; fDr Vªd l s d qpy d j ej t kr k gS A ; g Hkh[ kwu gS i jUr q bl i zd kj d s [ kwu esa nks"kh d ks cgqr d e l t +k feyr h gS A

{126}

2) d ksbZ ukjh vi uh bTt r ; k vkRel qj {kk d s fy, fd l h O; fDr d k [ kwu d j nsr h gS r ksog yxHkx {kek d h i k=k ekuh t kr h gS A

3) nks O; fDr vki l esa ' kL=kksa }kjk yM+r s gSa A ; fn ml esa l s , d ekjk t kr k gS r ks eqd kcysesa ekjus okys nks"kh gR; kjs d ks Hkh l t k; s&ekSr ugha feyr h gS A

4) ; fn d ksbZ O; fDr u' ks d h gkyr esa fd l h d k [ kwu d j r k gS r ks og vi jk/ Hkh d qNd e gks t kr k gS A bl d s fy, l t k, ekSr ugha gksr h A

5) ; fn d ksbZ O; fDr "kM~; U=k jpd j fd l h O; fDr d h gR; k d jr k gS r ks , sl h n' kk esa gekjsU; k; ky; , sl s O; fDr d ks ekSr d h l t +k l qukr s gSa A

bu l c ckr ksa l s ; gh fl ¼ gksr k gS fd ; fn ekuo l ekt i zR; sd gR; k d s fy, , d l hl t +k ugha nsr k r ks i zd fr d s U; k; ky; r ks vo' ; gh bl esa fHkUur k d j r s gksaxs A

l q[ knso % d qN yksx vaMk r ks [ kkr s gSa i jUr q ekal ugha [ kkr s A D; k vaMk [ kkuk ekal [ kkusd s l eku ugha gS \

vt hr % bl fo' o esa i zk. kh nks i zd kj d s gSa A

i gyk] t M+ i zk. kh r Fkk nwl jk] psr u i zk. kh A

i gys i zd kj d s i zkf. k; ksa esa l Hkh i zd kj d h ouLi fr vkr h gS A buesa t hou gS A ; s i zk. khr ks gS A i jUr q t M+ buesa mr uh l aaosnu' khyr k ugha gS A ft r uh [ kwu okys i zkf. k; ksa esa A l Hkhvukt d s nkuksa esa t hou gS A i jUr q t M+ dks t c r d ge cht saxs ugha] ml d k t hou l aosnu; k t kxr voLFkk esa ugha vk; sxk A Bhd bl h i zd kj vaMs d h Hkh voLFkk gS A t c r d eqxhZml d ks l s; sxh ugha A ml esa t hou d s y{. k mRi Uu ugha gksaxs A Hkys gh og oSl s i M+k&i M+k[ kjkc D; ksa u gks t k; s A bl fy, ; g gR; k ugha ekuh t k l d r h A

l q[ knso % i ki D; k gS \ bl d k d ksbZ Bksl fu. kZ; ugha fd ; k t k l d r k A

vt hr % gk¡ ; g ckr okLr o eas Bhd gS fd i ki i q. ; d k d ksbZ Bhd l s fu. kZ; ugha

{127}

gS A ; fn d ksbZ ; g i wNs fd i ki d h i fjHkk"kk D; k gS r ks bl d s fy, l Hkh d s vyx&vyxfopkj gSa A d ksbZ Hkh fd l h , d ckr i j l ger ugha A [ kSj --- fQj Hkh l Hkh bl ckr i jl ger gSa fd t c ekuo d k vUr %d j. k ml d sk d ke d jus d h vuqefr u ns r ks og i kigS ; k fd l h d ke d ks d jus d s i ' pkr ~ t c O; fDr d ks i zk; f' pr ; k i ' pkr ki gks r ks l e>yks og i ki gS ; k og xyr d ke gS A

Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa , d LFkku i j vafd r gS µ

fl fezfr l kl =k i qau i ki chpkjns] r r S l kj u t k. kh AA

r r S l kj u t k. kh xq: ck>gq r r S l kj u t k. kh AA

fr gh xq. kh l al k# Hkzfe l qr k l qfr vk jSf. k fogk. kh AA i "B ùüú

bl i afDr eas xq: ok. kh bl ckr d ks Li "V d j r h gS fd ge O; FkZ d s Hkzeksa esa u i M+sa r Fkki ki &i q. ; d s pDd j esa i M+d j vi uk veqY; t hou u"V u d jsa A D; ksafd ; g ckr sa gekjhfopkj ' kfDr d s Lr j l s cgqr Å¡ph gSa A bu l cd s fy, fd l h l r ~ xq# d s Kku d h vfrvko' ; d r k gS A

bu l Hkh ckr ksa i j fopkj&foe' kZ d jr s ; qfuV d s cgqr fud V ; g r huksa fe=k i gq¡p t kr sgSa A ckd h ckr phr l ekIr d j pk; i hus d s fy, t Ynh l s cSfjd ksa eas i gq¡p t kr s gSa A ogk¡i j i gys l s gh pk; ykbZ t k pqd h gS A ft l l s bu yksxksa d ks r qjUr pk; xekZ&xeZ feyt kr h gS A r Hkh ogk¡ i j vor kj fl a?k t h vk t kr s gSa A vor kj fl a?k t h d ks ns[ kr s ghl q[ knso d gr k gS µ ¶vkvks xqjeq[ kks pkg Nd ks A

vor kj % ugha HkbZ; k vki fi vks A eSaus r ks vHkh&vHkh pk; i h gS A

t Qj % (l q[ knso d ks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, ) xq: eq[ kks d k D; k er yc gksr k gS \

l q[ knso % ; g ' kCn vknj&l Rd kj d k gS A

vt hr % ckr Bhd gS] i jUr q foLr kj l s O; k[ ; k d jks A

l q[ knso % eq>s O; k[ ; k d juh ugha vkr h A r qEgha O; k[ ; k d jks A

{128}

vt hr % Bhd gS A eSa gh cr kr k gw¡ A ; g ' kCn xq# r Fkk f' k"; ksa d s l EcU/ d k l wpdgS A f' k"; pkj i zd kj d s ekus x; s gSa µ

1) xq: eq[ k] 2) l ueq[ k] 3) eueq[ k vkSj 4) cseq[ k

xq: eq[ k &xq: eq[ k og f' k"; t ks vi us xq# d s mi ns' kksa i j t hou ; ki u d jr s&d j r sxq# d s l kFk vHksn gks t k; s A

l ueq[ k & og f' k"; t ks vi us xq# d s mi ns' kksa i j t hou ; ki u d js A i jUr q vHkh ml esad ksbZ u d ksbZ] d gha u d gha vHkh Hkh =kqfV gks A

eueq[ k & og f' k"; t ks vi us xq# i j fo' okl d js A mud s mi ns' kksa d ks J¼ki woZdl qus i jUr q ml i j t hou ; ki u u d js vFkkZr vi uh euekuh d js A

cseq[ k & og f' k"; t ks vi us xq# i j l e; vuql kj fxjfxV dh r jg fo' okl &vfo' okld js r Fkk mud h fuank d js A

l q[ knso % er yc ; g gqvk fd t Sl s ge yksx vDl j , d &nwl js d ks Kkuh ' kCn l sl Ecks/ u d j r s gSa A

vt hr % vjs HkbZ; k ugha] fd l h l k/ kj . k O; fDr d ks Kkuh ' kCn l s l Ecks/ u d juk r ksd kuwuh t qeZ gS D; ksafd ¶Kkuh i ¡t kc fo' ofo| ky; }kj k nh xbZ , d fMxzh gSa] , dmi k/ h gS A

t Qj % fQj r ks xq# d h Hkh d bZ fd Leas gksr h gksaxh A

vt hr % gk¡ D; ksa ugha A eSa vki d ks vkè; kfed Kku nsus okys xq: t uksa d h fd Lesa cr kr kgw¡ A

vkè; kfRed xq# eq[ ; r % nks i zd kj d s gksr s gSa A

1) nhi d xq# vkSj 2) pUnu xq#

{129}

1) nhi d xq# & og xq# t ks vi us f' k"; ksa d ks vi us t Sl k cuk l d r k gS A r Fkk ; gf' k"; vkxs pyd j vi us f' k"; ksa d ks Hkh ml h vkfRed voLFkk okyk cuk l d r s gSa A er yc; g fd t Sl s , d nhi d nwl js nhi d d ks vi us l eku i zd k' keku d j l d r k gS r Fkk nwl jknhi d r hl js nhi d d ks i zd k' keku d j l d r k gS A bl h i zd kj ; g fØ; k vkxs c<+kbZ t kl d r h gS A

2) pUnu xq# & ; g xq# vi us f' k"; ksa d ks v i us t Sl k r ks cuk l d r k gSa A i jUr qbud s f' k"; vkxs pyd j vi us f' k"; ksa d ks og Kku ugha ns i kr s] t ks mUgksaus i zkIr fd ; k gqvkgS A fcYd qy oSl s t Sl s & pUnu d k o{k vi us i kl mxus okys l Hkh o{kksa d ks pUnu cukl d r k gS A i jUr q d f=ke pUnu vkxs vkSj o{kksa d ks pUnu ugha cuk l d r k A

foDVj % v ki d s ; gk¡ xq# xn~nh d k mÙkj kf/ d kj h fd l fof/ &fo/ ku vuql kj fuokZpr fd ; k t kr k gS \

vt hr % vkè; kfRed nf"V l s l q; ksx f' k"; d ks d M+h i jh{kk esa l s mÙkh.kZ gksus d s i ' pkr ~~mÙkjkf/ d kjh fu; qDr fd ; k t kr k gS A mnkgj . k d s fy, µ

xq# ukud nso t h us vi us , d l sod d ks] ft ud k uke yg. kk* t h Fkk A vi uk mÙkjkf/d kjh cuk; k r Fkk mud k uke vaxn nso j [ kk A og i gys nqxkZ ekr k d s mi kl d Fks A i jUr q, d ckj og t c nqxkZ ekr k d s n' kZuksa d s fy, vi us l kfFk; ksa l fgr t k jgs Fks r ks jkLr s esa xq#ukud nso t h d s n' kZuksa d s fy, Bgj x; s A D; ksafd os yksxksa l s xq: t h d h cgqr Lr qfr l qupqd s Fks A t c og d j r kj i qj esa i gq¡ps r ks xq#nso vi us [ ksr ksa l s ?kj d ks ykSV jgs Fks A yg. kkt h us vut kus esa xq#nso l s i wN fy; k fd ukud nso t h d k ?kj d gk¡ gS A bl i j xq#nsous mud s ?kksMs+ d h yxke Fkke yh r Fkk d gk pyks eSa vki d ks ogk¡ i gq¡pk nsr k gw¡ A vi us fuoklLFkku i j i gq¡pd j xq#nso us mud ks ?kksM+k ck¡/ us d ks d gk r Fkk Lo; a v i us LFkku i jfojkt eku gks x; s A t c yg. kk t h ogk¡ i gq¡ps r ks d qN vk' p; Z esa i M+ x; s A i jUr q t Yngh og l kjh fLFkfr t ku x; s fd ; g vfr fouez egki q: "k gSa A bl fy, yg. kk t h us [ ksnO; Dr d j r s gq, d gk] ¶gs xq# t h eSa vut ku Fkk A vki d ks i gpkur k ugha Fkk A jkLr sesa eSa r ks l okjh d j r k jgk r Fkk vki esjh ?kksM+h d h yxke i d M+d j esjk i Fk i zn' kZu d j r s jgs

{130}

; g eq>s l s cgqr cM+h voKk gqbZ gS A eq>s {kek d jsa A bl i j xq#nso us d gk fd r sjk ukeysguk gS A r ks ysunkj l nSo ?kksM+h i j gh vkr s gSa A r qeus ysuk gS r Fkk geus nsuk gSA blckr d k r c yg. kk t h egRo ugha t ku l d s A i jUr q d qN l e; i ' pkr ~ ogh nwl js xq# cusA ml h jkr , d vnHkqr ?kVuk ?kVh A v/ Z jkf=k d ks t c Luku è; ku d s fy, yg. kk t h mBsr ks , d vfr l qUnj ukjh d ks yky oL=k r Fkk Ük‘axkj fd ; s gq, xq#nso d s vkaxu esa >kM›w yxkr sgq, ns[ kk A ml L=kh d s , d gkFk eas >kM›w r Fkk nwl js gkFk esa pkjeq[ kh nhi d Fkk A r c yg. kkt h d s eu esa i z’ u mBk fd ; g ukjh d kSu gS t ks v/ Zjkf=k esa nqYgu d s oL=kksa esa >kM›w yxkjgh gS r Fkk mUgksaus ml ukjh l s l kgl cVksj d j i wN gh fy; k fd vki d kSu gS t ks bl v/Zjkf=k esa cUn vkaxu esa >kM›w yxk jgh gks A r c ml ukjh us fouezr k l s mÙkj fn; k D; k vki useq>s i gpkuk ugha \ eSa ogh gw¡ ft l d s n' kZuksa d s fy, vki vi us l kfFk; ksa l fgr r hFkZ ; k=kki j fud ys gSa A ; g l qu yg. kk t h us i z’ u fd ; k fd gs ekr k r qe ; gk¡ >kM›w D; ksa ns jghgks \ r qe r ks Lo; a , d egk' kfDr gks A bl i j ekr k nqxsZ d gus yxh fd ; g Bhd gS fdeSa ’ kfDr gw¡ A i jUr q eSa ft ud s ; gk¡ >kM›w yxk jgh gw¡ og d fy; qx d s l Ei w. kZ l eFkZ xq# gSaeq>s bud s njckj l s gh ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr gksr h gSa A bl fy, esjk ; gk¡ i j vkuk vfr vko' ; dgksr k gS A r Hkh yg. kk t h us , d n<+ l ad Yi fd ; k fd t c ekr k r qe Hkh ; gk¡ bl njckjesa ' kfDr i zkfIr d s fy, vkr h gks r ks eSa Hkh ; gk¡ i gq¡p x; k gw¡ A bl fy, bl njckj d ks NksM+d gha nwl js nj i j d Hkh ugha t kÅ¡xk A cl ml h fnu l s yg. kk t h xq# ukud nso t h d snjckj esa mud h l sok d jus yxs bl l sok Hkko r Fkk J¼k HkfDr l s i zl Uu gksd j vUr esa xq#ukud nso t h us l eLr vi uh vykSfd d ' kfDr yg. kk t h d ks ns nh ft l l s og nwl js xq#ukud vFkkZr xq# vaxn nso d gykus yxs A

vc vki d ks r hl js xq# vejnkl t h d h ?kVuk; sa l qukr k gw¡ A

vejnkl t h gj o"kZ xaxk Luku d s fy, t k; k d j r s Fks A 60 o"kZ d h vk; q esa t c og xaxkLuku d ks t k jgs Fks r ks mud h HksaV , d egku oS". ko l k/ w l s gks xbZ t ks vki d s d kQys esal fEefyr gks x; k A vki d s e/ qj O; ogkj us ml d k eu eksg fy; k A og vki d h fud Vr ki zkIr d j vki d s gkFk d k r S; kj Hkkst u d jus yxk A oki l ykSVr s l e; ml us ft Kkl ko' kvki l s i wNk fd vki d s vkè; kfRed xq# d kSu gSa \ vejnkl t h us d gk fd eSaus vHkh r d

{131}

xq# / kj . k ugha fd ; k A ; g l qud j i afMr us vejnkl l s cgqr ?k. kk d h fd eSaus , d fuxqjsO; fDr d s gkFk d k Hkkst u fd ; k gS A vr % esjk t hou Hkz"V gks x; k gS A ; g d Vk{kvejnkl t h l gu ugha d j i k; s r Fkk ml h l e; ?kj d ks ykSV i M+s r Fkk cgqr mnkl jgus yxsr Fkk fd l h d kfey eq' kZn (l r xq: ) dh r yk' k esa t qV x; s i jUr q og vi uh r yk' k esa l Qy ughagq, A , d fnu t c og i zkr % d ky Luku d j jgs Fks r ks mud h cgw ?kj i j yLl h cuk jghFkkh r Fkk og ml l e; xq# ukud nso t h d h ok. kh mPpkj.k d j jgh Fkh A t c mUgksaus xq#ok. kh l quh r ks ogha i j ea=keqX/ gks x; s A d qN l e; i ' pkr ~ mUgksaus cgw d ks cqykd j i wNkfd r qe t ks ; g ok. kh xk jgh Fkh A ; g jpuk; sa fd l egki q: "k d h gSa A bl d s mÙkj esa cgqus cr k; k fd ; g ok. kh xq# ukud nso t h dh gSA i jUr q og vc T; ksfr &t ksr l ek pqds gSa Amud s LFkku i j mud s l sod vaxn nso gSSa A og bu fnuksa [ kMwj uxj esa jgr s gSa A ; gt kud kjh i zkIr d j vejnkl t h [ kMwj i gq¡ps r Fkk xq# vaxn nso t h d s n' kZu fd ; s A ogxq#nso l s br us vf/ d i zHkkfor gq, fd mUgksaus egl wl fd ; k fd esjs eu d h vfHkyk"kk i w. kZgks x; h A D; ksafd mud ks xq# t h v i uh d Yi uk r Fkk fopkjksa d s vuq: i i zr hr gq, Abl fy, og yxs l sok d jus A mUgksaus br uh d Bksj l sok d h fd xq# t h i zl Uu gks x; s r Fkkmud ks r hl jk xq# ukud cuk; k vFkkZr xq# vaxn nso t h us vejnkl t h d ks xq# xn~nh l kSainh A

ml d s i ' pkr ~ pkSFks xq# jkenkl t h cus A t ksfd vi uh NksVh voLFkk esa xq# vejnklt h d s n' kZuksa gsr q xksbanoky uked LFkku i j vk; s Fks A bud s ekr k&fi r k d k nsgkUr bud hNksVh vk; q esa gh gks x; k Fkk A bl fy, vejnkl t h d s yaxj d h l sok d jus d s i ' pkr ~vi uh t hfod k d ekus d s fy, mcys gq, pus r Fkk bl h i zd kj d h vU; oLr qvksa dks ogk¡ d sckt +kj esa cspk d jr s Fks A mUgha fnuksa xq# vejnkl t h d h l i q=kh chch Hkkuh d s oj d h r yk' kd s fy, i qjksfgr t h xq# t h l s fopkj foe' kZ d j jgs Fks A r Hkh jkenkl t h efgyksa d s uhpsl s vi us fl j i j Vksd jh mBk; s pus cspr s gq, xqt +j jgs Fks A i qjksfgr t h dk è; ku bu i j i M+kAr c og bud h eksfguh ewr Z ns[ kr s gh jg x; s r Fkk og xq#nso d ks l Ecks/ u d j d s cksys fdfcfV; k d s fy, bl h i zd kj d k oj Bhd jgsxk A r Hkh xq#nso us d gk µ ns[ kr s D; k gks !esjh fcfV; k d k ; gh r ks oj gS A t kvks ml s cqyk ykvks A r c jkenkl t h dks cqyk; k x; k r Fkk

{132}

mud ks ckjkr cukd j ykus d h vkKk nh A bl i zd kj xq# vejnkl t h] xq# jkenkl t h d hl sok HkfDr ns[ kd j vfr i zl Uu gq, A bl fy, mUgksaus vi uh xn~nh xq# jkenkl t h d ks ghns nh r Fkk pkSFks xq# d gykus yxs A

vc vki d ks i k¡pos xq# vt qZu nso t h d h xq# xn~nh i zkIr d jus d h d Fkk l qukr k gw¡A

xq# vt Zqu nso t h xq# jkenkl t h ds r hl js o l cl s NksVs i q=k Fks A xq# t h us mud ks fd l h d ked s fy, ykgkSj Hkst fn; k A i jUr q og cgqr cM+s fi r HkDr Fks A mUgksaus d qN i =k fi r k t hd ks fy[ ks t ksfd mud s vf} r h; i zse d s i zr hd Fks A l ks xq# jkenkl t h mud h ; ksX; r k l sbr us jh>s fd mUgksaus vi uk mÙkjkf/ d kjh mUgha d ks cuk; k A

i k¡posa xq#] xq# vt qZu nso t h d s ; gk¡ yEcs l e; r d d ksbZ l ar ku u Fkh A bud h i Ruh(ekr k) xaxk t h d s ân; esa l ar ku i zkfIr d h i zcy bPNk Fkh A t c ; g bPNk mUgksaus vi usi fr xq# vt qZu nso t h d s l Eeq[ k j [ kh r ks mUgksaus vi uh i Ruh d ks l ykg nh fd og ckckcqM~<k t h d s i kl t kd j vfHkyk"kk cr k; sa r Fkk mud s vkxs l ar ku i zkfIr d s fy, i zkFkZuk d jsaA; g ckck cqM~<k t h] xq# ukud nso t h d s d ky l s xq: t uksa d s i je HkDr pys vk jgs Fks Amud h vk; q nh?kZ Fkh A t c ekr k xaxk t h mud s i kl xbZ r ks mUgksaus ; g d g d j ekr k t hd ks fonk fd ; k fd xq#nso Lo; a l eFkZ xq# gSa A eSa r ks mud k l sod gw¡ A eSa ukpht + fd l; ksX; gw¡ fd vki t Sl h egku ukjh d ks i q=k i zkfIr d k ojnku nw¡ A bl i j ekr k t h fujk' kykSV vkbZ A r c xq# vt qZu nso t h us vi uh i Ruh xaxk d ks fQj i zksRl kfgr fd ; k fd , dckj fQj fouez cud j mudh gkFkksa l s l sok d jks r Fkk fd l h i zd kj d s fn[ kkos d h ckr u d jsafd xq# d h i Ruh gw¡ r ks ckck t h l s l ar ku i zkfIr d k ojnku fey l d r k gS A bl i j ekr kt h us Lo; a vi us gkFkksa l s Hkkst u r S; kj fd ; k r Fkk vi us fl j i j Hkkst u mBkd j ckck t hd s [ ksr ksa esa xbZ A r c ckck t h ml oDr [ ksr ksa d k d ke fui Vk pqd s Fks r Fkk nksi gj d sHkkst u d k bar t kj d j jgs Fks A ml l e; mud ks cgqr Hkw[ k egl wl gks jgh Fkh A ml h l e;ckck cqM~<k t h ekr k xaxk t h d ks Hkkst u d s l kFk ns[ kd j cgqr i zl Uu gq, A mUgksaus Hkkst ufd ; k r Fkk I; kt + d ks eqDd s l s r ksM+r s gq, ekr k t h d ks ojnku fn; k fd gs ekr k r sjs ; gk¡ , degku i jkØeh r Fkk cy' kkyh i q=k mRi Uu gksxk t ks nq"Vksa d k fl j bl h i zd kj r ksM+sxk A mud s

{133}

bl ojnku l s ekr k t h d s ; gk¡ xq# gjxksfcUn t h d k i zd k' k gqvk t ks r i Loh gksus d sl kFk&l kFk egkcyh Hkh Fks A cl bUgha xq. kksa d s d kj . k og fl D[ kksa d s NBs xq# cus vFkkZrogh NBs xq# ukud cus A

fot ; % [ kkuk r S; kj gks x; k gS A fi Dpj ns[ kus t kuk gS r ks [ kkuk [ kk ysr s gSa A

t Qj % vHkh [ kkus d k l e; r ks ugha gqvk A

fot ; % ckgj t kus okyksa d ks [ kkuk ns jgs gSa A

; g l qud j fi Dpj ns[ kus okys [ kkuk [ kkus d s fy, py i M+r s gSa r Fkk [ kkuk [ kkd jfi Dpj gky esa i gq¡pr s gSa i jUr q vHkh i gyk ' kks Hkh [ kRe ugha gqvk gksr k gS A bl fy, l e;fcr kus d s fy, l Hkh fl usek gky d s l keus d s cxhps esa cSB t kr s gSa A

foDVj % fQYe jgL; e; r Fkk Mjkouh gS A

fot ; % Hkwr &i zsr ksa d h gksxh \ t Sl s & og d kSu Fkh* uked fQYe A

t Qj % Hkwr &i zsr gksr s Hkh gS ; k eu&xM+r gÅok Hkj gS \

vt hr % gk¡] vn' ; ' kfDr ; k¡ (vkRek, ¡) gksr h gSa] ft uesa d qN , d d ks vki Hkwr i zsrHkh d g l d r s gSa A

t Qj % r ks r qe Hkh D; k bl oSKkfud ; qx esa Hkwr &i zsr ksa esa fo' okl j [ kr s gks \ eSa r ks; g l c d qN yksxksa }kjk vi uk mYyw l h/ k d jus d k , d <ksax ek=k l e>r k gw¡ A

vt hr % r sjk d guk fd l h gn r d Bhd gS A Hkwr &i zsr ekuus okyksa d ks d qN Hkz"Vyksx vi us jps <ksaxksa d s t ky esa [ kwc Bxr s gSa i jUr q bl d k ; g vFkZ ugha fd bu vn' ;' kfDr ; ksa (vkRekvksa) d k vkfLr Ro gksr k gh ugha A

t Qj % r qe r ks , sl s cr k jgs gks t Sl s r qeus vi uh vk¡[ kksa l s Hkwr &i zsr ksa d ks ns[ kk gks \

vt hr % r qeus esjs ' kCnksa i j è; ku ugha fn; k A eSaus d gk Fkk fd vn' ; ' kfDr ; k¡ vFkkZru fn[ kkbZ nsus okyh] t c os fn[ kkbZ ugha nsr h r ks esjs ns[ kus d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A

{134}

t Qj % t c d ksbZ pht + fn[ kkbZ ugha nsr h gS r ks ml d s vkfLr Ro d ks ekus gh D; ksa \

vt hr % ; gk¡ i j r qe xyr h d j jgs gks A r qe t kur s gks foKku us cgqr l h os ckr sagesa ekuus i j et cwj d j fn; k gS ft l d ks vi uk l k/ kj.k efLr "d l gt esa Lohd kj ugha d jr kfd , sl k Hkh dHkh gks l d r k gS A mnkgj. k d s fy, & gt kjksa ehy nwjh i j gksus okyk d k; ZØege ml h l e; ?kj cSBs ns[ k l d r s gSa A vc r qe gh cr kvks fd jsfM; ks r Fkk Vsyhfot +u ygjsaD; k ge vi uh vk¡[ kksa l s vkd k' k i j pyr s gq, ns[ k l d r s gSa \ i jUr q vc oSKkfud ksa usgesa vi us i z; ksxksa }kjk i zd fr d s jgL; ksa d sk Lohd kj d jus i j et cwj d j fn; k gS fd os ckr saHkh gks l d r h gSa t ks gesa fn[ kkbZ u nsa ; k ft l d ks gekjk efLr "d Lohd kj u d jsa A

t Qj % t c mud k vfLr Ro gS r ks i zek. k Hkh pkfg, \ ]

vt hr % i zd fr us cgqr l s i zkf.k; ksa d ks vyx&vyx i zd kj d s ' kjhj fn, gSa] i jUr q t ci zk. kh vi uk ' kjhj R; kx nsr k gS r ks og , d vkRek ; k : g gS A vkRek vej gS vFkkZr ejr hugha ; k r ks og i qu% t Ue ysd j ' kjhj / kj. k d jsxh ; k og fcuk ' kjhj HkVd r h jgsxh A ; s n' kkl k/ kj . k vkRekvksa d h gS A i jUr q t ks vkRek, ¡ ekuo : i esa gksus i j l k/ uk d j r h gS ; kukekH; kl l s i zkd fr d jgL; ksa d ks t ku t kr h gSa] muesa l s vf/ d ka' k ½f¼; k¡&fl f¼; k¡ d ksi zkIr gks t kr h gSa A gk¡] ; g ckr vyx gS fd mud h l k/ uk d k y{; D; k gS r Fkk mud hl k/ uk fd r uh l Qy gqbZ gS A , sl h vkRekvksa d ks ' kjhj R; kxus i j HkVd uk ugha i M+r k Amuesa l s cgqr ksa d ks eks{k i zkIr gks t kr h gS A ft ud ks eks{k i zkfIr ugha gksr h os i qu% t Ue ysr hgSa i jUr q , sl h ' kfDr ' kkyh vkRek, ¡ yxHkx LokoyEch gksr h gSa A os vi uh bPNk l s t Ue ysl d r h gS vi uh bPNk l s gh ' kjhj R; kx l d r h gS A i jUr q t ks vkRek, ¡ i zHkq Hkt u esa fo' oklugha j [ kr h og ckj&ckj t Ue ysr h gSa r Fkk vi us d eks± d s d kj . k HkVd r h jgr h gSa vFkoki zd fr us mud ks fd l h nwl js r Roksa d s ' kjhj fn; s gksr s gS t ks ge i zkf. k; ksa l s fHkUu gksr h gSbl fy, os gesa fn[ kkbZ ugha nsr h A vr % ge mud ks Hkwr &i zsr ksa d h l aKk nsr s gSa A

fot ; % vkRek, ¡ D; ksa HkVd r h gSa r Fkk os Hkwr &i zsr D; ksa cu t kr h gSa \

vt hr % ; g ckr okLr o esa ekuo ds deks±] l aLdkjksa vFkk fopkj/ kjk i j fuHkZj d jr h gS At ks ekuo ejr s l e; vi us ?kj ed ku] bekjr ksa d k gh è; ku d jr k gS fd bud k D; k gksxk]

{135}

mud ks i zsr ; ksfu feyr h gS r Fkk vi uh gh vfUr e bPNk d s vuql kj mUgha ed kuksa vFkokbekj r ksa esa fcuk ' kjhj HkVd r s jgr s gSa A nwl js os yksx gSa t ks vi uh vkRe gR; k d j ysr s gSavFkok vl e; fd l h nq?kZVuk d k f' kd kj gks t kr s gSa mud h vkRek Hkh HkVd r h jgr h gS Amud ks nwl jk ' kjhj r c r d ugha fey i kr k t c r d mud h eR; q d k okLr fod l e; ughagks t kr k A os vkRek, ¡ Hkh r c r d Hkwr &i zsr gh d gykr h gSa A

foDVj % t c ge ; g ekur s gSa fd i zHkq d s gqDe d s fcuk , d i Ùkk Hkh ugha fgyr kr ks ; g vl e; eR; q d Sl h \ vkRegR; k Hkh r ks O; fDr ml h d s gqDe l s d j r k gS \

vt hr % vki d k ; g i z' u cgqr gh vPNk gS A bl ckr d ks l e>us d s fy, d qNl e; d s fy, ge vi us vks-l h- d ks i zHkq r Fkk ckd h LVkQ r Fkk t okuksa d ks l eLr ekuol ekt l e> ysr s gSa A vc ; g d gk t k l d r k gS fd t ks d qN Hkh gks jgk gS og vks-l h- d sgqDe l s gks jgk gS A vks-l h- d s gqDe d s fcuk d qN ugha gks l d r k A r kRi ; Z ; g gS fd gjt oku ; k O; fDr vks-l h- d s gqDe d k xqyke gS A i jUr q vki t kur s gSa fd gj d ke d s i hNsvks-l h- d k gqDe r ks gS A i jUr q d ke d jus okys t oku d ke d ks vi uh&vi uh ; ksX; r k r Fkk: fp d s vuql kj d j r s gSa A fd l h t oku d s d ke i j vks-l h- ml d h esgur r Fkk yxuns[ kd j [ kq' k gks t kr k gS r Fkk fd l h&fd l h i j mud ks d ke Vjd kus dh vknr d ks ns[ kd jukjkt + gksr k gS A ; g t okuksa d s d ke ; k d eks± i j fuHkZj gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj i zHkq d s gqDel s gh ; g d ke r Fkk okr koj . k feyk gS A i jUr q vkxs euq"; d s d eks± i j fuHkZj d jr k gS fdog i zHkq d s gqDe d k i kyu d jr s gq, ml d h d i k d s i k=k cusa A nwl js ' kCnksa esa vks-l h- i zR; sdt oku d s t hou ; ki u d h l kexzh r Fkk l q[ k l qfo/ k d k i zcU/ d j r k gS A Bhd bl hi zd kj i zHkq vi uh l f"V d k Hkh fut +ke pykr k gS A t Sl s d Hkh&d Hkh d ksbZ t oku vks-l h- d sgqDe d h mYya?kuk d j r k gS A NqV~Vh l s ysV vkr k gS ; k fcuk NqV~Vh fy, ?kj Hkkx t kr kgS r ks , sl s t okuksa d s fy, vks-l h- d s i kl n. M fo/ ku gS A og t okuksa d ks mud h xyr h i jnf. Mr d j r k gS A d gus d k vfHki zk; ; g gS fd euq"; i zHkq d s gqDe d s r ks cka/ s gq, gSai jUr q d eks± d s fy, Bhd ml i zd kj Lor U=k gSa t Sl s , d vks-l h- d s t oku A vkt d soSKkfud ; qx esa bl ckr d ks l e>uk vkSj Hkh l gt gks x; k gS A vki l c us oh-Mh-vks- xselns[ kh gS A bud k i zksxzke vFkok [ ksy i gys l s gh fuf' pr jgr k gS vFkkZr t ks [ ksy [ ksyuk

{136}

pkgsa ml h xsel d h d Sfl V yxr h gS vkSj [ ksy [ ksyk t kr k gS A vc l c t kur s gSa fd xselesa d ksbZ i fjor Zu ugha d j l d r s i jUr q Ldksj vi uh&vi uh ; ksX; r k d s vuql kj cuk l d r sgSa r kRi ; Z ; g fd i gys l s fuf' pr d k; ZØe esa os d qN Hkh i fjor Zu ugha d j l d r s i jUr qLd ksj cukus esa Lor U=k gSa A Bhd bl h i zd kj i zHkq }kjk euq"; d s t hou d k d k; ZØefuf' pr fd ; k x; k gS A i jUr q og d eks± d s fy, Lor U=k gSa A

fot ; % ; g ½f¼&fl f¼ D; k gS \

vt hr % ' kfDr ; k¡ r hu i zd kj d h gksr h gSa µ ' kkjhfjd ] ekufl d r Fkk vkfRed Abud h [ kqjkd Hkh vyx&vyx gS A ' kkjhfjd cy d s fy, i kSf"Vd Hkkst u] ekufl d cyd s fy, mPp f' k{kk d h fMfxz; k¡ gSa A Bhd , sl s gh vkfRed cy d s fy, mPp f' k{kk r FkkvkfRed cy d s fy, i zHkq fpUr u A t Sl s ekufl d cy d s fy, mPp f' k{kk d h fMfxz; k¡ gSaABhd , sl s gh vkfRed cy d h bd kbZ ½f¼; ka&fl f¼; ka gSa A t Sl s , d fo| kFkhZ d bZ o"kks±d s vè; ; u r Fkk d M+s i fjJe l s fMfxz; k¡¡ i zkIr d j r k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj vkfRed cyd s bPNqd d M+h l k/ uk r Fkk d M+s R; kx l s ½f¼; ka&fl f¼; ka i zkIr d jr s gSa A bl s vkfRedcy d h fMfxz; k¡¡ d g l d r s gSa A

fot ; % D; k ½f¼; k¡&fl f¼; k¡ d h Hkh d ksbZ fxur h gksr h gS \

vt hr % D; ksa ugha A 9 ½f¼; k¡ r Fkk 18 fl f¼; k¡ d k gekjs xzaFkksa esa mYys[ k gS A

t Qj % ; g eks{k i zkfIr D; k gS \

vt hr % l k/ kj . k ' kCnksa esa r ks ge ; g d g l d r s gSa fd t c d ksbZ i zk. kh vi uk ' kjhjR; kx nsr k gS r ks ml s i qu% t Ue u ysuk i M+s ; k og fd l h Hkh i zd kj d k nqckjk ' kjhj / kj . ku d jsa A vFkkZr og t Ue ej . k l s l nk d s fy, NqVd kjk i k t k; s A er yc ; g fd t hovkRek i jekRek esa l ek t k; s A t Sl s & l kxj esa ufn; k¡ A

t Qj % eks{k d h i zkfIr l s D; k ykHk gS \

vt hr % t ho vkRek ckj&ckj t Ue ej. k l s NqVd kjk i k t kr h gS r Fkk i zR; sd i zdkjd s nq%[ kksa d "Vksa l s NqVd kjk fey t kr k gS A

{137}

t Qj % ; g ckr esjh l e> esa ugha vkbZ A t hou t hus esa Hkh r ks , d vkuan gS \

vt hr % gk¡ D; kas ugha \ vkuan r ks gS A i jUr q egkvkuan ugha A

t Qj % D; k er yc \

vt hr % t hou t hus esa vkuan d s l kFk&l kFk nq%[ k Hkh jgr s gSaA nq%[ kksa l s j fgr vkuanvoLFkk d ks egkvkuan d gr s gSa A ; g d soy eks{k l s gh i zkIr gksr k gS A

t Qj % ; g voLFkk d Sl h gksr h gksxh A bl d k d ksbZ , d uewuk \

vt hr % eks{k i zkfIr vFkkZr gj i zd kj d s nq%[ kksa l s eqfDr A t Sl s ge jkst ejkZ d s d keksad ks d j r s&d j r s Fkd t kr s gSa r ks foJke d juk pkgr s gSa A ml foJke esa funzk , d , sl hvoLFkk gksr h gS ft l esa l Hkh i zk. kh nq%[ k&l q[ k Hkwy t kr s gSa r Fkk csi jokg vpsr voLFkk esa i M+sjgr s gSa A vxj d ksbZ fd l h d ks funzk esa [ kyy ; k ck/ k Mkyr k gS r ks l ksus okyk O; fDr cgqrcqjk ekur k gS A ; gk¡ r d ns[ kk x; k gS fd funzk ysus d s fy, yksx cgqr cM+h l s cM+h I; kjhoLr qvksa d k Hkh R; kx d jr s ns[ ks x; s gSa A vPNh uhan vk; s] yksx bl d s fy, ykykf; r jgr sgSa A bl d k vFkZ gqvk gekj s t hou esa uhan d k , d fo' ks"k egRo gS A okLr o esa uhanl q[ kksa&nq%[ kksa l s nwj , d vpsr voLFkk gS A cl esjs fopkj l s eks{k i zkfIr Hkh d ksbZ , sl h ghI; kjh vkfRed voLFkk gksr h gksxh t ks cgqr l q[ knk; d gksr h gksxh A

t Qj % ge , sl h vpsr voLFkk esa D; ksa t k; sa \ gesa r ks psr u voLFkk gh Bhd gS A

vt hr % vxj vpsr voLFkk esa vkuan ugha r ks yksx fQj D; ksa vi us vki d ks Hkqykusd s fy, u' ks d j r s fQj r s gSa \ okLr o esa ; g u' ks d soy vkuan d h [ kkst d h nsu gSa A i jUr q; g u' ks {kf. kd vkuan r ks i znku d jr s gSa i jUr q ml d s i ' pkr ~ dbZ i zd kj d s nq%[ k vkSj ns t kr sgSa A d soy l nSoh vkuan i zHkq fpUr u esa gh gS A t ks yksx i zHkq fpUr u esa [ kks x; s gSa fd i zHkquke esa fd r uk u' kk gS A bl ckr d h i qf"V egki q: "kksa d s bl d Fku l s gksr h gS µ

Hkax l qi kj h l qj k i ku mr j t k; i zHkkr AA

uke [ kqekjh ukud k p<+h j gs fnu j kr AA

( ; g i afDr t Ue l k[ kh d h gS )

{138}

r Hkh i gyk ' kks l ekIr gks t kr k gS r Fkk ; g l Hkh fe=k yksx gky esa i zos' k d jus d s fy,py i M+r s gSa A fQYe ns[ kr s gSa A fQYe d s l ekIr gksus i j oki l t kus d s fy, d ksbZ okguugha fey i kr k A D; ksafd yksd y cl esa vkt j fookj gksus d s d kj . k cgqr HkhM+ gS A

fot ; % HkkbZ vt hr fl a?k] ½f¼&fl f¼ dk dksbZ peRd kj fn[ kkvks r Fkk ge yksxksa dks; qfuV esa oki l i gq¡pk nks A

vt hr % HkbZ; k ; g r sjs d ks fd l us d g fn; k fd eSa ½f¼&fl f¼ i zkIr d j pqd k gw¡A

fot ; % r qe br uk vf/ d r ks bl fo"k; i j t kur s gks A

vt hr % l p r ks ; g gS fd eSaus ½f¼&fl f¼ i zkIr d jus d h d ksf' k' k gh ugha d h Avxj eSa ; g ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr d j Hkh ysr k r ks bu ' kfDr ; ksa d k nq: i ; ksx d Hkh ugha d j r k A

fot ; % D; k er yc \

vt hr % fcuk fd l h t +: j r fd l h pht + d k i z; ksx nq: i ; ksx gh r ks gqvk A

fot ; % D; k gesa oki l t kus d h t +: j r ugha gS \

vt hr % gS D; ksa ugha \ i jUr q , d NksVs l s d ke d s fy, , d vueksy oLr q d kmi ; ksx ml oLr q ; k ' kfDr d k nq: i ; ksx gS A

t Qj % ; g ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr gh D; ksa d juh gSa \ ; fn bl d ks d ke esa ugha ykuk A

vt hr % vki ckr l e>s gh ugha A esjs d gus d k er yc Fkk fd eSa , d oLr q ysukpkgr k gw¡ A t ks d soy , d : i ; s dh gS r ks eq>s ml d s fy, , d gh : i ; k [ kpZ d juk pkfg,u fd ml d s cnys , d gt +kj : i ; s [ kpZ d j nsus pkfg, A

t Qj % eSa ckr l e>k ugha \

vt hr % gesa ; qfuV t kus d s fy, 30 i Sl s i zfr O; fDr nsuk gS A vxj bl LFkku i jvykSfd d ' kfDr i z; ksx eas ykbZ t k; s r ks 30 i Sl s d k i zfr O; fDr ykHk gksxk A bl vykSfd d

{139}

' kfDr d k d gha mfpr LFkku i j mi ; ksx fd ; k t k; s t gk¡ l k/ kj . k ekuo ' kfDr u d ked j r h gks r ks gesa ogk¡ i j d jksM+ksa : i ; ksa d k ykHk gks l d r k gS A

t Qj % r qe r ks bl i zd kj ckr sa d j jgs gks t Sl s r qe vykSfd d ' kfDr i zkIr fd , gq,d ksbZ O; fDr gks A

vt hr % ; g Bhd gS fd eSa d ksbZ vykSfd d ' kfDr ugha j [ kr k gw¡ A i jUr q r qe d ksml d k fl ¼kar cr k jgk gw¡ A

foDVj % ; g t ks r kfU=kd fo| k okys yksx gSa] ; g d bZ d kSr qd d j fn[ kkr s gSa A D; k; g v i uh fo| k d k nq: i ; ksx d j jgs gSa \

vt hr % [ kkyh cr Zu l nSo vf/ d Vu&Vu d j r k gS A okLr o esa og vykSfd d' kfDr ; ksa d h i gyh l h<+h i j gh gksr s gSa vFkkZr mu yksxksa us , d &vk/ fl f¼ i zkIr d h gksr hgS A og yksx bl l s vkxs ugha c<+s gksr s A

foDVj % bl d k vFkZ gqvk fd t ks v f/ d i zkfIr d j ysr s gSa og d ksbZ fl f¼ ughafn[ kkr s A

vt hr % fcYd qy Bhd d gk gS A ; g ckr Hkh fcYd qy oSl h gh gS t Sl s fd l h NksVhi zofr ; k l aLdkj okys O; fDr dks cgqr vf/ d / u ; k d ksbZ Å¡ph mi kf/ i zkIr gks t k; s r ks ogcgqr vfHkekuh gks t kr k gS r Fkk og vi us vf/ d kjksa d k l nqi ; ksx ugha d j i kr k A i jUr qbl d s foi jhr i gys l s / uh O; fDr ; k mPp Js. kh d s O; fDr d ks vkSj Å¡pk LFkku ns fn; kt k; s r ks og vkSj Hkh uez gks t kr k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj vf/ d i zkfIr d jus okys i q: "kvi uk] d Hkh Hkh i zn' kZu ugha d jr s A

t Qj % ckr d qN t eh ugha A

vt hr % t Sl s / u d ekus d s fy, i fjJe d juk i M+r k gS Bhd , sl h gh vykSfd d' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr d jus d s fy, cgqr d M+h l k/ uk d juh i M+r h gS A t Sl s d M+s i fjJe l s d ek; s/ u d k yksx l nqi ; ksx d j r s gSa Bhd oSl s gh l k/ uk d jus okys vykSfd d ' kfDr d k Hkhl nqi ; ksx d j r s gSa A

{140}

fot ; % fQj ; g vykSfd d ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr yksxksa d ks D; k ykHk gksr k gS \

vt hr % vykSfdd ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr d jus okys l Hkh yksxksa d k vi uk vyx&vyx y{;gksr k gS A t Sl s ge yksx Ld wy d kWyst ksa eas vyx&vyx y{; ys d j f' k{kk i zkIr d j r s gSaA d ksbZ O; ki kjh cuuk pkgr k gS r Fkk d ksbZ MkDVj ] bUt hfu; j ] od hy ; k l Sfud bR; kfn ABhd bl h i zd kj l k/ uk d jus okys d s y{; i j fuHkZj d jr k gS fd og d kSu l k y{; fy,gq, gS A t c mud ks i zkfIr gks t kr h gS r ks og i zkIr ' kfDr ; ksa d k l nqi ; ksx d j r s gSa A

t Qj % ft l vkneh d ks vykSfd d ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr gksr h gS og D; k&D; k d j l d r kgS \

vt hr % t Sl k fd eSaus cr k; k gS fd ; g ckr ml O; fDr i j fuHkZj d jr h gS fd ml usfd l y{; d ks ysd j fd l ' kfDr d h l k/ uk d h gS r Fkk ml d h l k/ uk fd r uh l Qy gqbZgS \

t Qj % D; k er yc \

vt hr % i zR; sd O; fDr d k b"V vyx&vyx gks l d r k gS r Fkk og b"V fd r ukl eFkZ ; k ' kfDr eku gS bl ckr d k l k/ uk d jus okys i j i zHkko i M+sxk A

t Qj % ckr l e> esa ugha vkbZ A

vt hr % bl d s fy, ge d qN {k. kksa d s fy, fQj l s vi us vks-l h- d ks i zHkq r Fkk ckdh dsuhps d s vQl jksa d ks nsoh nsor s eku ysr s gSa A eSa vxj ADM Supervisor l s NqV~Vh ysukpkgw¡ r ks og d soy vkÅV i kl gh ns l d r k gS A vxj Vw vkbZ-l h- l s NqV~Vh ek¡xw r ks ogvi uh {ker k d s vuql kj d qN fnu d h NqV~Vh ns l d r k gS A ; fn eSa l h/ s vks-l h- d s i klNqV~Vh d s fy, i zkFkZuk d : ¡ r ks og esjh bPNk d s vuql kj pkgs r ks NqV~Vh ns l d r k gS Abl d k vFkZ gqvk fd i zR; sd mi k/ h d h vi uh&vi uh vyx&vyx {ker k gksr h gS A ogvi uh {ker k r d l hfer gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj ge yksx ft l d h mi kl uk d j r s gSa ml d hft r uh {ker k gS l k/ d d ks mr us gh Qy d h i zkfIr gksxh A

{141}

fot ; % r qe yksx D; k xq# ukud d h mi kl uk d j r s gks \

vt hr % ; gk¡ vki xyr h i j gSa A ukud nso t h d s vkxs Hkxoku ; k vor kj ' kCnd k i z; ksx ugha gS A ogk¡ i j xq# ' kCn d k i z; ksx gS A mud ks ge vkfè; kfRed xq# ekur sgSa r Fkk vi us vki d ks mud k f' k"; vFkkZr mud h l h[ k ; k mi ns' k / kj . k d jus okyk l sodvFkkZr mud k fl [ k ekur s gSa A

ge yksx vd ky d h mi kl uk d j r s gSa A vd ky d k vFkZ gS t ks l e; d s cU/ d ksa l seqDr gSA u cw<+k gksr k gS u t oku vFkkZr t ks d Hkh ej r k ugha A t ks vej gS A vVy gSAl R; gS A vFkkZr v$d ky ¾ ft l d ks d ky] l e; ; k ekSr ugha vkr h A ml d s fy, genwl jk ' kCn fujad kj i z; ksx d j r s gSa A bl ' kCn d k vFkZ gS og ' kfDr t ks gesa vkd kj esa r ksfn[ kkbZ ugha nsr h i jUr q jkse&jkse r Fkk d . k&d .k esa l ekbZ gS A bl d h i fjHkk"kk Jh xq# xzaFkl kfgc esa bl i zd kj gS µ

: i u j s[ k u j axq fd Nq f=kgq xq. k r s i zHk fHkUu AA i "B üøý

t Qj % og ckr r ks ohp esa gh jg xbZ fd l k/ uk d jus okyksa d ks t c i zkIr h gks t kr hgS r ks mud ks D; k ykHk gksr k gS r Fkk ½f¼; k¡&fl f¼; k¡ okys yksx D; k d j r s gSa \

vt hr % t Sl s fd eSa i gys cr k pqd k gw¡ fd ; g l k/ d d s y{; r Fkk ml d s b"V i jfuHkZj d j r k gS A d bZ l k/ d ksa d ks d ksbZ bPNk gh ugha gksr h A og fu%LokFkZ l k/ uk d j r sgSa A mud k d guk gksr k gS µ

j kt q u pkgm eqd fr u pkgmefu i zhfr pj u d eykj s AA

i "B ÿýþ

vFkkZr eSa jkt Hkh ugha pkgr k gw¡ u gh eks{k i zkfIr pkgr k gw¡ A eSa r ks d soy r sjk I; kjgh I; kj pkgr k gw¡ A , sl s l k/ d cgqr Å¡ph vkfRed voLFkk d s gksr s gSa A og bl l kal kfjdckr ksa esa : fp ugha ysr s A og okLr o esa eu d s oSjkxh gksr s gSa A bl fy, og vi uh i zkfIr ; ksa

{142}

d k d Hkh d ksbZ i zn' kZu ugha d j r s A bl i zd kj d s l k/ d cgqr d e gksr s gSa A i jUr q t ksgSa] og vi us t hou d ks br uk l k/ ysr s gSa fd mud ks t hou t hus d s fy, fd l h l kexzh d hvko' ; d r k gh ugha gksr h A mnkjg. k d s fy, og i ou&vgkjh gks l d r s gSa A mud ks o"kks±r d Hkkst u d h vko' ; d r k ugha i M+r h A og vi uh vk; q d ks o"kks± r d yEch d j l d r s gSaAog v i uh bPNk l s v i uk ' kj hj R; kx l d r s gSa r Fkk i qu% t Ue ys l d r s gSa A bl d svfr fjDr og {k. k Hkj esa vi us ' kjhj l fgr vi uh bPNk d s LFkku i j i gq¡p l d r s gSa A osHkwr , oa Hkfo"; d h ?kVukvksa l s voxr gksr s gSa A

t Qj % bl i zd kj d s fd l h O; fDr d h ?kVuk cr kvks \

vt hr % yxHkx vkt l s 225 o"kZ i woZ (l u~ 1757) eqxy d ky esa ver l j d s l jksojesa cus xq#}kjs (gfjefUnj l kfgc) d k eqxyksa }kjk ?kksj vi eku fd ; k x; k Fkk r Fkk l jksoj i jeqxyksa us dCt k d j fy; k Fkk A ml l e; fl D[ kksa d h t u ' kfDr cgqr d e Fkh A mUgha fnuksaft yk cfBaMk d s {ks=k l kcks d h r yoaMh (nenek l kfgc) xq#}kjs d s cw<+s xzaFkh t hs ft u d kuke ckck nhi fl a?k Fkk A og gfjefUnj l kfgc d s vi eku d h ckr l qud j jg ugha l d sAmUgksaus r qjUr v i us vM+ksl &i M+ksl d s J¼kyqvksa d ks l ans' k Hkst s fd gfjefUnj l kfgc d svi eku d k cnyk ysus d s fy, r S; kj gksd j t Ynh i gq¡pks A t c l c J¼kyq , d =k gksd ji gq¡p x; s r ks mUgksaus l Hkh d ks yyd kjk fd t ks xq# d s uke i j ej feVus d ks r S; kj gSa og[ k. Ms l s [ khaph js[ kk d s ml i kj vk t k, A r Fkk t ks t huk pkgr s gksa os ?kj ykSV t k, A ; gd guk Fkk fd l Hkh l wjes (' kwjohj) mud s }kjk [ khaph js[ kk d ks i kj d j x; s A r Hkh nhi fl a?kt h us l Hkh d s l Eeq[ k ' ki Fk yh fd og Jh njckj l kfgc d h i fjØek esa vi uk fl j j . k {ks=kesa t w>r s gq, HksaV d jsxk A r Hkh mUgksaus vjnkl k l ks/ k vFkkZr vjk/ uk d h fd os l R; i j gSa Abl fy, gekjh fot ; fu' p; gh gksuh pkfg, A t c og ver l j d s fud V i gq¡ps r ks eqxyl suk, ¡ i gys l s gh ; q¼ d s fy, r S; kj feyha A nksuksa l sukvksa esa Hk; ad j ; q¼ gqvk i jUr q d qNl e; d s i ' pkr ~ nhi fl a?k t h us eqxy l suk d s ofj "B vf/ d kjh d ks yyd kjk ¶D; ksa l e;r Fkk t kusa cckZn d j jgs gks A vkvks eSa r sjs l s l h/ s gh nks&nks gkFk d juk pkgr k gw¡ A ; gl qu og eqxy l suk d k l suki fr t gku [ kku nhi fl a?k t h d s l keus vk x; k A mu fnuksavk/ qfud vL=k&' kL=k ugha gksr s Fks A l ks og vi uh&vi uh r yokjksa l s , d &nwl js i j okj

{143}

d jus yxs A ml l e; ckck t h d s i kl [ k.Mk Fkk t ks l h/ k gksr k gS r Fkk bl d s nksusk r jQ/ kj cuh jgr h gS A vc D; k Fkk \ nksuksa l suk, ¡ v i us&vi us l suki fr ; ksa d k ; q¼ ns[ kusyxha A nksuksa d q' ky ; ks¼k Fks bl fy, , d &nwl js d k okj vi uh&vi uh <ky i j jksd ysr sFks A bl i zd kj mud k ; q¼ d qN nsj pyr k jgk A var esa vd Lekr , d , sl h ?kVuk ?kfVrgqbZ fd nksuksa l suki fr ; ksa d s ' kL=k , d nwl js d h xnZu d ks , d gh l e; esa d kV x, A vcnksuksa l suk, ¡ , d nwl js d ks ns[ kus yxha A r Hkh i kl esa [ kM+s J¼kyq us ckck nhi fl a?k t h d ksyyd kjk r Fkk d gk ckck t h vki d h i zfr Kk r ks ; gha Hkax gks xbZ A vki r ks ; gha i j ' kghngks x; s t cfd vki us ' ki Fk yh Fkh fd njckj l kfgc d h i fjØek esa vi uk ' kh' k HksaV d : ¡xkA; g yydkj l qud j er ckck t h us i qu% vi us vL=k&' kL=k l EHkkys r Fkk , d gkFk esa vi ukfl j j [ k fy; k r Fkk nwl js gkFk esa [ k.Mk ysd j ' k=kqvksa l s t w>us yxs A ; g vykSfdd peRdkjns[ kd j ' k=kq l suk Hk; Hkhr gks xbZ r Fkk Hkkxus yxh A ' k=kq l suk d gus yxha µ r kSck&r kSckge t hfor yksxksa l s r ks yM+ l d r s gSa A i jUr q ft l d ks geus ekj fn; k gS ml ejs gq, l s D; kyM+s A ; s fl [ k yksx r ks ej d j Hkh yM+r s gSa A vc ckck nhi fl a?k njckj l kfgc l s nks ehynwj jg x; s Fks A mUgksaus ogha l s vi uh vkfRed ' kfDr l s vi us fl j d ks njckj l kfgc d hi fjØek esa t +ksj l s Qsad k A bl i zd kj bl egku vykSfd d ' kfDr i zkIr ; ks¼k d s r hu ' kghnhLekjd gSa A , d og LFkku t gk¡ i j og i gys ' kghn gq, Fks A nwl jk og t gk¡ mud k /M+ nqckjk fxj k A r hl jk og t gk¡ i j mud k fl j fxjk Fkk A bu r huksa LFkkuksa esa yxHkx 4l s 7 fd yksehVj d k vUr j gS A

vc l Hkh fe=kx. k ; wfuV d h d S. Vhu esa i gq¡pr s gSa r Fkk pk; d s fy, vkMZj nsr s gSa A

foDVj % l h-, l -Mh- d S.Vhu Hkh [ kqyh gS A d qN ysuk gS r ks ys yks A

vt hr % vkt br okj d h ' kke d ks l h-, l -Mh- d S.Vhu d Sl s [ kqyh gS \

foDVj % l qcg og fd l h d ke l s ckgj x; k gqvk Fkk r ks ml us l qcg d h t xg vHkhd SUVhu [ kksyh gS A

vt hr % eq>s r ks] d qN l kcqu r Fkk i sLV pkfg, A

{144}

r Hkh vt hr d S.Vhu i j i gq¡p d j nks fVfd ; k¡ l kcqu r Fkk , d VwFk i sLV ek¡xr k gS Aft l d k fcy 8-45 gksr k gS A vt hr nl : i ; s d k uksV nsr k gS r ks d S.Vhu bUpkt Z d gr kgS A vxj vki 45 i Sl s VwVs gq, ns nks r ks Bhd jgsxk A esjs i kl bl l e; [ kqys i Sl s oki ld jus d s fy, ugha gSa A

vt hr % ekQ d juk esjs i kl Hkh [ kqys i Sl s ugha gSa A

br us esa jRu] d S. Vhu l s d qN l kexzh ysus vkr k gS r Fkk d gr k gS vxj VwVs ugha gSr ks bl d ks 55 i Sl s d k d qN vkSj l keku ns nks A

l sYl eSu % 55 i Sl s d h r ks esjs i kl vxjcÙkh gh gS D; k og ns nw¡ \

vt hr % ugha] ugha A eSaus vxjcÙkh D; k d juh gS \

jRu % br us HkDr vkneh gks A vxjcÙkh bLr seky D; ksa ugha d j r s \

vt hr % esjk Hkxoku bl NksVh l h vxjcÙkh l s i zl Uu ugha gksr k A bl fy, eq>s fd l hvxjcÙkh d h d Hkh t : j r gh ugha gksr h A

jRu % og cM+h l h vxjcÙkh d kSu l h gS \ eSa Hkh r ks ns[ kw¡ \

vt hr % esjk Hkxoku cgqr cM+k gS A og l oZO; ki d gS A bl fy, l oZO; ki h vxjcÙkhHkh pkfg, t ks gj LFkku i j [ kq' cw QSyk l d s i jUr q br uh cM+h vxjcÙkh feyr h gh ugha A

jRu % vjs HkkbZ t c i wt k d j r s gks r ks ml l e; vxjcÙkh r ks t yk fy; k d jks A

vt hr % eSa i wt k d j r k gh ugha A

jRu % D; ksa >wB cksyr s gks \ gj jkst l qcg ' kke l k/ uk ugha d j r s gks \

vt hr % vkt r d r ks eSaus d ksbZ Lej . k d jus d k l e; fuf' pr fd ; k gh ugha A

jRu % vjs HkkbZ eSa r qEgsa jkst + i kB d j r s ns[ kr k gw¡ A

{145}

vt hr % vPNk&vPNk i kB d jus d ks r qe l k/ uk d juk d gr s gks A og okLr o esal k/ uk ugha gS A l k/ uk r ks , d vyx pht + gS A i kB d juk vFkkZr vi us i kB~; Øeksa d kvè; ; u d juk gS A okLr o esa bu i kB~; Øeksa esa l k/ uk d jus d s fu; e ; k i z. kkyh r Fkkml dh O; k[ ; k gh gS A ; g Lej .k d jus d h Vªsfuax gS A xq: ok.kh esa yxHkx l Hkh t xg Lej . kd jus d s d k' ku gSa A

jRu % r ks r qe l k/ uk d c d j r s gks \

vt hr % ml d s fy, Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d k d Fku gS &

ÅzzBr cSBr ] l ksor t kxr bgq eu r q>sfg fpr kjS AA

l q[ k nq[ k bl q eu d h fcjFkk r q>gh vkxS l kjS AA i "B øüú

er yc ; g fd gj {k. k i zHkq Lej . k esa gh jgs A l k/ uk d jus okyksa d ks fd l h i zd kj d svkMEcj jpd j fn[ kkos d h d ksbZ t +: j r ugha gS A okLr o esa l k/ d og gS t ks l Hkh i zd kjd s l al kfjd d kj O; ogkj d jr k jgs r Fkk gj l e; i zHkq d k eu esa Hk; j [ ks fd ml us d ksbZHkh xyr d ke ugha d juk gS A D; ksafd ml s l oZO; ki h i zHkq gj {k. k r Fkk gj LFkku esa ns[ k jgkgS cl bl i zdkj O; fDr gj {k. k i zHkq d ks eu esa l at ks; s jgr k gS A ; gh okLr o esa i zHkq fpUr ur Fkk euu gS A ge bl d ks nwl js ' kCnksa esa l k/ uk Hkh d g l d r s gSa A bl i zd kj O; fDr gjl e; eu d ks l k/ r k jgr k gS A eu d h l k/ uk gh i zHkq d h HkfDr gS A ; gh eu d ks l k/us d s d k' ku gesa Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h i fo=k jpukvksa esa feyr s gSa A bl fy, eSa i zfr fnumud k vè; ; u d jr k gw¡ A vc r qEgha cr kvks fd eu d ks t hr us d s caut i on ysus d s fy,ml l e; vxjcÙkh d h D; k vko' ; d r k gS \

jRu % r qe ckr d ks cgqr ?kqek fQjkd j d j r s gks A l Hkh yksx Lej . k d s fy, gh i kBi wt k d j r s l e; ogk¡ vxjcÙkh bR; kfn t ykr s gSa r ks D; k og ew[ kZ gSa \

vt hr % i jUr q esjk fo' okl gS fd okr koj . k d ks l qxaf/ r ; k ' kq¼ d jus l s i gys eud ks ' kq¼ d juk vPNk jgsxk A ; fn okr koj . k dh ' kq¼r k l s Hkh eu ' kq¼ u gqvk r ks D; k ykHkgS \

{146}

jRu % r qe d y d ks d gksxs fd i wt k&i kB d jus d s fy, Luku ; k ' kjhj ' kfq¼ d h Hkhd ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha gS \

vt hr % Luku d juk r ks , d vPNh vknr gS A vxj r qe ; g l e>r s gks fd bl l seu i fo=k gksr k gS r ks ; g fcYd qy Hkze gh gS A d soy Luku d k ykHk mu yksxksa d ks gksr k gSft u d k ân; i gys gh i fo=k gksr k gS A vFkZ ; g gS fd ft l d s var %d j . k esa i zHkq d k oklgks pqd k gS A vxj og fo' ks"k l k/ uk d jus d s fy, ' kjhj Hkh i fo=k d jsa r ks ml Luku d kd qN egRo gS A oSl s Luku d juk d soy ' kkjhfjd LoPNr k ek=k gh gS A bl d s fy, Jh xq#xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh bl i zd kj d gr h gS &

Hkjh, s gFkq i S# r uq nsg AAi k. kh / ksr S mr j l q [ ksg AAewr i yhr h d i Mq+ gksb AAns l kcw. k ybZ, s vksgq / ksb AAHkjh, s efr i ki k d S l afx AAvksgq / ksi S ukoS d S j afx AA

i "B þ

jRu % vjs HkbZ; k ft l d k ' kjhj l kQ ugha gksxk ml d k eu D; k l kQ gksxk \

vt hr % eq>s cgqr nq%[ k gS fd vki r ks cgqr cM+h Hkwy esa gSa A ' kjhj r Fkk eu nks vyxvfLr Ro okyh oLr q; sa gSa A bud s i fo=k gksus d k vki l esa d ksbZ l aca/ ugha gS A t Sl s fd r qet kur s gh gks et nwj yksx fnu&jkr i fjJe d j r s gSa A bl fy, mud k ' kjhj xank jgr k gSr Fkk bl d s foi jhr l sB yksx gj l e; l kQ LoPN jgr s gSa A i jUr q mud k eu et nwj d hvi s{kk eSyk gh gksr k gS A okLr o esa et nwj vo' ; ' kkjhfjd : i l s xans jgr s gSa A i jUr qmud k eu cgqr i fo=k gksr k gS A Ny &d i V l s d ksl ksa nwj A bl d k eq[ ; d kj . k ; g gksr kgS fd og d M+s i fjJe l s vi uh t hfod k d ekr s gSa r Fkk ml vk; l s Hkkst u d jr s gSa A Bhdbl d s foi jhr vehj ; k l sB yksx ' kkjhfjd i fjJe ugha d jr s r Fkk og Hkz"V r jhd ksa l s d ek; s/ u l s Hkkst u d jsxk ml d k eu l nSo vi fo=k gksxk A Hkys gh ml d k ' kjhj fd r uk gh eSyk

{147}

D; ksa u gks A bl fy, egki q: "kksa us eu d ks i fo=k d jus d s fy, l cl s l jy mi k; i fjJed jd s vi uh t hfod k d ekus d k jkLr k gh cr k; k gS A t ks O; fDr fd l h i zd kj d k HkhHkz"Vkpkj d k / u bDV~Bk d j r k gS r Fkk ml d k mi ; ksx l q[ k Hkksxus d s fy, i z; ksx d jukpkgr k gS A i jUr q og / u d Hkh Hkh l q[ k pSu ugha nsr k A D; ksafd ml Hkz"V / u d s mi ; ksxd jus okys ml d s ?kj d s l nL; d s eu esa Hkh fod kj mRi Uu gks t kr s gSa A og r jg&r jgd s mi nzo d j r s gSa ft l l s ml ?kj d k l q[ k pSu l nk d s fy, l ekIr gks t kr k gS A

bl h chp nksuksa [ kkuk [ kk ysr s gSa r Fkk ckr phr ; gk¡ i j l ekIr d j cSfjd esa pys t kr sgSa A l ekpkj i =k i <+us d s fy, fjd fj , ' ku : e esa i gq¡pr s gSa A ogk¡ i j d qN yksx d Sjer Fkk d qN r k' k bR; kfn [ ksy jgs gksr s gSa A ; g yksx , d est + i j cSBd j l ekpkj i =k i <+usyxr s gSa A r Hkh ogk¡ i j v ' kksd vk i gq¡pr k gS A

v' kksd % vt hr HkkbZ r qeus og vi uh i zse d Fkk chp esa gh v/ wjh NksM+ nh Fkh A ml d ksr ks i wjk d jks A

vt hr % ml d gkuh esa vc d ksbZ [ kkl ckr ugha jgh gS A eSaus vUr esa vi uh mli zsfed k l s fookg d j fy; k A

v' kksd % r qe r ks ckr Vªd kus d s vUnkt + esa d j jgs gks A Bhd ml h i zd kj t Sl s i afMrt h jkek; . k d ks l kjka' k esa l qukus d s vankt esa d gr s gSa fd jkek; . k d h d Fkk esa eq[ ; ckr; gh gS ¶jko. k us jke d h i Ruh d ks pqjk; k r Fkk cnys esa jke us jko. k d ks ; q¼ esa ekj MkykA

vt hr % vPNk vxj r qEgsa esjs i zse fookg esa br uk yxko gS r ks eSa t : j ckd h d gkuhHkh l qukÅ¡xk A i jUr q l Hkh yksxksa d ks Hkh vkus nks A

d qN gh l e; esa l Hkh fe=k bDV~Bs gks t kr s gSa A t c mud ks ekywe gksr k gS fd vt hrvi uh i zsed Fkk l quk jgk gS r ks og cgqr pko l s l quus d s fy, , d kxz fpÙk cSB t kr s gSa A

vt hr a% gk¡ r ks r qEgha cr kvks fd eSaus ml fnu d gk¡ r d vi uh i zsed gkuh l qukbZ Fkh\

v' kksd % r qe vi uh i szfed k d s HkkbZ d h ' kknh d h nkor esa gksd j oki l vkr s gks --- A

{148}

vt hr % gk¡ r ks mUgha fnuksa gekjh i fj {kk, sa l ekIr gqbZ Fkha A vHkh yxHkx nks <kbZeghus ur ht +k vkus esa ckd h Fks A bl fy, eSaus ?kj i j [ kkyh cSBus d h ot k; , d i zkbZosVod Z' kke esa , si jS.Vhl f' ki (Apprenticeship) d s [ ; ky l s d ke ' kq: d j fn; k Fkk A eSavc fnu jkr d ke esa O; Lr jgr k Fkk A bl fy, cgqr pkgus i j Hkh vi uh i zsfed k l s feyugha i kr k Fkk A vc eq>s yxHkx ml nkor d s i ' pkr ~ vki l esa feys 15 fnu gksus d ks Fksfd , d j fookj d ks eSa od Z' kki d s d qN fe=kksa l fgr fQYe ns[ kus d s fy, x; s r ks bÙkQkdl s og r Fkk ml d s HkbZ; k o HkkHkh Hkh fQYe ns[ kus d s fy, i gys l s gh fl usek gky esa fVd Vysus d k bar t kj d j jgs Fks A eq>s ns[ kr s gh ml d h HkkHkh us i qd kjk A eSaus vHkh HkhM+ d sd kj . k mu yksxksa d ks ns[ kk ugha Fkk A eSaus i gys r ks ml vi fj fpr l h vkokt i j è; ku ughafn; k A i jUr q t c og esjs d jhc vkd j eq>s i qd kjus yxh r ks esjk è; ku mud h vksj x; k AeSaus t c mu yksxksa d ks ns[ kk r ks eSaus vk' p; Z i zd V d jr s gq, i wNk vki ; gk¡ d Sl s \ ; g i z' ul qu og f[ kyf[ kyk d j g¡l r s gq, cksyh & ge ; gk¡ i j ugha vk l d r s D; k \ r c eq>s, sgl kl gqvk fd esjk i z' u fcYd qy csr qd k l k Fkk A [ kSj ml l e; eSaus vi uh i zsfed k r Fkkml d s HkkbZ d ks vkSi pkfjd r k fuHkkr s gq, vfHkoknu fd ; k A r Hkh mUgksaus i z' u fd ; kvkt d y r ks r qEgsa NqfV~V; k¡ gSa uk A fQj Hkh r qe gekjs ; gk¡ vk; s ugha A D; k ckr gS \ r ceSaus d gk & ?kj i j [ kkyh u cSBd j , si jS.Vhl f' ki d s fy, , d od Z' kki esa d ke ' kq: d jfn; k gS A bl fy, l e; ugha fey i kr k A ; g l qud j ml d h HkkHkh us cM+s fxysf' kd os Hkjsvankt esa d gk & Bhd gS ckd h fnuksa esa l e; ugha fey i kr k i jUr q j fookj d ks Hkh r ks ughavk; s \ bl d s mÙkj esa eSaus d gk & ugha HkkHkh t h , sl h ckr ugha gS A vki d k Lusg vi usvki eq>s vki d s ; gk¡ [ khap jgk gS A i jUr q fi Nys l Ir kg esa ?kj i j d qN vfr fFk vk; s gq,Fks l ks ugha vk l d k A bl i j og d gus yxh & vkt Hkh r ks j fookj gS A vkt r qe d kSul s gekjs ; gk¡ vkus okys Fks \ bl i j eSaus d gk & er yc r ks vki yksxksa l s feyus d k gSAl ks ; gha HkasV gks xbZ A ; g l qud j og i wNus yxh & vxj ge yksx ; gk¡ u feyr s r ks D; kr qe vkt gekjs ; gk¡ vkus okys Fks \ eSaus d qN {k. k pqi jgus d s ckn d gk & okLr o esa eSad qN l ad ksp d s d kj . k gh ugha vk i k; k A r c og d gus yxh & ns[ kk l PpkbZ [ kqy xbZ uAgk¡ r ks l d ksp l s d Sl s d ke pysxk A ft l us d h ' keZ ml d s QwVs deZ A okLr o esa ml d h HkkHkhd qN T; knk gh [ kqys fopkjksa d h Fkh A ml ds fopkjksa l s eSaus ; g vuqeku yxk; k fd og vi uh

{149}

uun d k fookg Hkh var j t kr h; r Fkk fd l h nwl js l Ei znk; okys ; qod l s d jokuk pkgr h gSAml d k fØ' p; u gksus i j ml ds l l qjky okys fQj d ksbZ vki fÙk ugha d j i k; saxs] cfYd l cd seq¡g cUn gks t k; saxs A vr % eSaus l e; d ks Hkki r s gq, eSaus ml d h g¡l h et kd d k mÙkj ml hvankt esa fn; k A br us esa fVd V c¡Vus ' kq: gks x, A ml d h HkkHkh d gus yxh ge r qEgkjhHkh fVd V ys ysr s gSa A bDV~Bs gh cSBsaxs A br us esa HkbZ; k fVd Vksa d s fy, pys x, A vcge r hu gh jg x, A vr % eSaus vi us l kFk vk; s fe=kksa d ks d g fn; k fd r qe yksx bar t kjer d jks A eSa vkt d s fy, vki l s {kek pkgr k gw¡ A og ckr d ks t Ynh gh l e> x; s AfVd V d h f[ kM+d h i j yEch d r kj gksus i j fVd V feyus esa l e; r ks yxuk gh Fkk Abl fy, ge fl usek ?kj d s NksVs l s jsLr jka esa cSB x, r Fkk eSaus pk; eaxok yh A vc eSa fi z; kd ks l Ecks/ u d j cksyk & ukjkt gks D; k \ d qN cksyr h ugha gks\ bl i j og cukoVh: [ kki u ykr h gqbZ cksyh &r qEgkjs l kFk ckr d juk gh csd kj gS A eSaus i wNk & D; ksa] eq> l sd ksbZ xqLr k[ kh gks xbZ gS D; k \

fi z; k % D; k ; g Hkh cr kuk i Ms+xk \

vt hr % cr kuk r ks i M+sxk gh A eSa d ksbZ var j ; keh r ks gw¡ ugha A

fi z; k % fi Nys i Unzg fnuksa esa D; k r qEgsa , d ckj Hkh esjh ; kn vkbZ gS \

vt hr % r qe esjs ân; esa vi uk LFkku ugha ns[ k l d r h A ugha r ks r q>s , sl k i z' u d jusd h t : j r gh ugha i M+r h A

fi z; k % r ks r qe bl chp eq>s feyus D; ksa ugha vk; s \

vt hr % eu r ks cgqr d j jgk Fkk fd pyk pyw¡ A i jUr q r q>s d gk¡ feyw¡ l eL; k ; ghFkh A r sjs ?kj okyksa l s vHkh eSa i fj fpr ugha gw¡ A HkkHkh d s ; gk¡ u t kus r qe feyks ; k u feyksA

fi z; k % ; g r ks d soy , d cgkuk gS A eSa r ks j fookj d ks HkkHkh d s ; gk¡ gh jgr h gw¡ A

vt hr % Bhd gS r ks r qe d kSu l k eq>s feyus pyh vkbZ A t ks br uk fxyk f' kd ok d jjgh gks A vxj r qe eq>s feyus vkr h r ks eSa r sjs l kjs fxys f' kd os fl j vk¡[ kksa i j Lohd kj d jysr k A

{150}

fi z; k % ' keZ ugha vkr h A eSa r qe d ks feyus vkÅ¡ A yksx D; k d gsaxs \

vt hr % HkkHkh t h] t ks vHkh vki us eq>s QkewZyk cr k; k gS bl s d gks og Hkh bl i jvey d jsa A D; ksa fd d gkor gS & r kyh , d gkFk l s ugha ct r h A

fi z; k % D; k er yc \

vt hr % vjh i xyh ! eSa r qel s feyus d ks vkÅ¡ ; k r qe eq>l s feyus d ks vkvks ckr, d gh gS A ft u yksxksa us ckr sa d juh gSa og r ks d jsaxs gh A vxj r q>s yksxksa d k Mj gS r ksgekjh ckr ; gk¡ r d gh jg t k; saxh A r qe vkxs pyd j l ekt d h fnokjsa d Hkh Hkh ugha r ksM+i kvksxh A

fi z; k % vHkh r d r qe eq>s t ku gh ugha i k; s A eSa bl l kekt d h d qjhfr ; ksa d h fnokjsad ks r ks r ksM+ l d r h gw¡ i jUr q esjk ; gk¡ vfHki zk; r qEgkjs HkkbZ cguksa l s gS A okLr o esa] eq>s r qEgkjs; gk¡ vkus esa l d ksp gksr k gS A

r Hkh HkbZ; k fVd V ysd j vk x; s r Fkk ge yksx gky esa i zos' k d jus d s fy, py i M+sAgky esa i zos' k d s i ' pkr ~ ge ; FkkLFkku cSBs A eSa r Fkk HkbZ; k l kbZMksa esa r Fkk fi z; k esjh r jQr Fkk HkkHkh HkkbZ d h r jQ cSBh A og esjs fy, ' kqHk vol j Fkk A l ks eSaus fi z; k d ks , d NksVhl h pqVd h d kVh A og cksyh D; k gS \ r c eSaus d gk ckr l quks A og d qN esjh r jQ >qd hr ks eSaus ml d s d ku esa d gk & r qEgkjh l kl r qed ks d qN fnuksa l s cgqr ; kn d j jgh gS A ; gl qud j og d qN pkSad h vkSj cksyh & vHkh l s gh l kl --- A r Hkh eSaus ckr d ks l EHkkyr s gq,d gk & ; g eSa ugha r qEgkjh l kl gh d g jgh Fkh fd esjh cgq d ks fQj ugha yk; k D; k ckrgS \ ml l s d ksbZ >xM+k r ks ugha d j fy; k A bl d k vFkZ ; gh Fkk fd esjh ek¡ us r qed ks vi uhcgq eku fy; k gS A fQj vc eSa D; k d j l d r k gw¡ A bl r jg og r qEgkjh l kl vi us vkigh cu xbZ gS A

; g l qud j og eu gh eu Qwyh ugha l ek jgh Fkh A i jUr q ml l e; ml us bl ckri j dksbZ i zfr fØ; k O; Dr ugha dh A gky esa va/ sjk gksus ds dkj.k eSa Hkh ml ds psgjs ds gko&HkkoLi "V : i l s ugha ns[ k i k; k A vc fQYe i zkjEHk gks pqd h Fkh A bl fy, gekjk è; ku fQYe

{151}

d h vksj c¡V x; k r Fkk ge l Hkh [ kkeks' kh l s fQYe ns[ kus yxs A bl i zd kj fQYe l ekIr gksxbZ A bl chp gekjs chp d ksbZ fo' ks"k ckr phr ugha gqbZ A d soy vkSi pkfjd fQYe d hd gkuh r d gh l c d qN l hfer jgk A gky l s ckgj vkus i j HkbZ; k us i wNk fQYe d Sl hyxh \ bl i j HkkHkh us d gk & ; g r ks cgqr vPNh l kekft d fQYe gS A bl esa i fr &i Ruhd k vFkkg Lusg n' kkZ; k x; k gS A r c og d gus yxk & eSa r ks t sfeuh d h fQYesa i l Und jr k gw¡ A bl d k t Sl k uke gS Bhd oSl h gh gS A ¶i Sl k vkSj I; kj ¸ d Sl s l kekft d fnokjksad ks r ksM+r k gqvk fn[ kk; k x; k gS A cl bUgha ckr s esa ge d kQh yEck jkLr k r ; d j x; s Avc mUgksaus ?kj d s fy, , d xyh esa eqM+uk Fkk A l ks eSaus ml l e; mul s bt kt r ek¡xh Ai jUr q HkbZ; k&HkkHkh ?kj i j pyus d k vkxzg d jus yxs A r c eSaus d gk & eq>s ?kj t Ynht kuk gS D; ksafd eSa fQYe ns[ kus d s fy, ?kj esa cr kd j ugha vk; k Fkk A vc jkr gksus d ksgS vkSj esjk ?kj i j bar t kj d j jgs gksaxs A i jUr q og ugha eku jgs Fks A mUgksaus vxys j fookjd ks fQj l s feyus d k eq> l s opu fy; k A r c d gha eq>s t kus fn; k A

vxys j fookj d ks eSa yxHkx l qcg 11 ct s mud s ; gk¡ i gq¡p x; k A eq>s ; g ns[ kd jvk' p; Z gqvk fd fi z; k ogk¡ ugha Fkh A vfHkoknu r Fkk vkSi pkfjd r k d s i ' pkr ~ eSaus i wNk& HkkHkh t h fi z; k d gha fn[ kkbZ ugha i M+ jgh A D; k ckr gS \ D; k og vHkh ugha vkbZ A; g l qud j og d gus yxh og vkt ; gk¡ ugha vk l d r h A vc r ks ge yksxksa d ks ogk¡ t kuki M+sxk A r c eSaus vk' p; Z l s i wNk fd D; k ckr gS \ og ; gk¡ D; ksa ugha vk l d r h \ bli j mUgksaus cr k; k fd d y ekr k t h d k gkFk xekZ&xeZ ?kh l s t y x; k Fkk A bl fy, ?kjd k d ke vkt ml h d ks d juk gS r Fkk geus Hkh ekr k t h d ks ns[ kus t kuk gS A r c eSaus d gk& eSa Hkh vki d s l kFk pyw¡xk A d qN nsj esa gh og r S; kj gks x; s r Fkk ?kj i j r kyk yxkd jge yksx py i M+s A t Sl s gh ge ekr k t h d s ; gk¡ i gq¡ps gesa njokt s i j gh fi z; k [ kM+h feyhAml us ge yksxksa d k HkO; Lokxr fd ; k r Fkk gesa ekr k t h d s d ejs esa ys xbZ A HkbZ; k&HkkHkhus ekr k t h d k gky i wNk A mUgksaus cr k; k fd mud s gkFk i j nok yxkus d s ckn Hkh cgqrt yu gks jgh gS A mUgksaus esjs fo"k; esa HkbZ; k l s i wNk r ks mUgksaus esjk i fjp; vi us , d fe=kd s : i esa d jk; k A ekr k t h mud s mÙkj l s l Ur q"V gks xbZ A r c eSaus d gk & eSa gj i zd kjd s t ys gq, t [ eksa d k , d vk; qZoSfnd eeZ r S; kj d j d s bykt + d j r k gw¡ A bl ejge esa[ kkl ckr ; g gS fd t [ e d h t yu r qjUr ml h l e; cUn gks t kr h gS r Fkk ?kko t Ynh

{152}

vPNk gks t kr k gS A l kFk gh ml l s t ys gq, d k d ksbZ fu' kku Hkh ' kjhj i j ugha jgr k A vxjvki pkgsa r ks eq>s , d vol j nsa A ft l l s eSa vki d s gkFk d h t yu d ks [ kRe d j nw¡ A ; gl quuk Fkk fd ekr k t h r qjUr vk; qZoSfnd ejge d s fy, r S; kj gks xbZ A eSaus nok; sa fy[ k nhfd ; g gksus i j eSa ; gk¡ vki ds l keus ejge r S; kj d : ¡xk A r Hkh fi r k t h vk x, t ks fd fd l hd ke l s ckgj x; s gq, Fks A r Hkh HkkHkh t h us esjk i fjp; t ys gq, t [ eksa d s bykt + d jusokys d s : i esa ns fn; k r Fkk esjk uqL[ kk mud ks fn; k A og nok ysus py fn; s A d qN l e;d s i ' pkr ~ fi r k t h nok ys vk; s A gk¡] eSa vki d ks i gys ; g cr kuk Hkwy x; k fd esjs i woZtt ys gq, yksxksa d k / ekZFk bykt + fd ; k d j r s Fks A mUgha l s ; g fo| k eSaus l h[ kh Fkh A r HkheSaus phuh feV~Vh d s , d cr Zu esa og nok mu yksxksa d s l keus gh r S; kj d j nh A vc ejgeeD[ ku d s : i esa r S; kj gks xbZ Fkh A r Hkh eSaus ekr k t h d s gkFk d k t [ e mcys gq,fQVd jh d s i kuh l s / ks fn; k r Fkk l M+s gq, ek¡l d ks mckyh gqbZ d Saph l s d kVd j l kQ d jfn; k r Fkk t [ e i j eyey d s , d d i M+s i j ejge yxkd j fpi d k nh A t Sl s gh eSausejge fpi d kbZ oSl s gh ekr k t h d ks vi us t [ e esa t yu d k , sgl kl [ kRe gks x; k A ogd gus yxh & csVk D; k r qeus esjs t [ e i j eD[ ku yxk; k gS A cM+k gh BaMk gS A bl usr ks esjs t [ e d ks fcYd qy gh ' kkUr d j fn; k gS A vc eq>s fcYd qy t yu egl wl ugha gksjgh A l Hkh ; g l qud j [ kq' k gq, A r Hkh eSaus ekr k t h d ks cr k; k fd ; g eD[ ku ughaejge gS t ksfd eSaus vki d s ; gk¡ vHkh&vHkh r S; kj d h gS A ml l e; l Hkh d s eu i j esjkcgqr gh vPNk i zHkko i M+k A eSaus ekr k t h d ks fnu esa nks ckj ejge yxkus d h l ykg nhAbl d k i z; ksx Bhd bl h i zd kj d juk gS t Sl s eSaus vHkh fd ; k Fkk A gj jkst + r kt +h ejgecukuh i M+sxh A bl i j fi z; k us mÙkj fn; k fd mul s r ks , sl k u gks l d sxk A eSaus d g fn; kfd eSa gh gj j kst + cuk fn; k d : xk A vki bl d h fpar k u d jsa A bl i zd kj eq>s mud s; gk¡ vkus t kus r Fkk i fjp; c<+kus d k cgqr vkl kuh l s jkLr k fey x; k A

vc eSa fcuk fd l h Mj d s vi uh fi z; k d ks feyus i gq¡p t kr k Fkk A ekr k t h d s gkFkd h ejge i V~Vh d jr k A bl chp og eq>l s cgqr Lusgi woZd ckr s d jr ha A , d fnu d gusyxh & csVk] eq>s r ks i gys i gy fl [ k yksx cgqr [ kr jukd fn[ kkbZ i M+r s Fks vkSj fl D[ kksal s cgqr gh Mj yxr k Fkk A i jUr q r qe r ks , sl s gks ugha A bl i j eSauss d gk vki d ks Hkze gks

{153}

x; k Fkk A okLr o esa d qN yksx l Ei znk; d naxs d jokus d s pDd j esa jgr s gSa A ogh yksxeu x<+r r Fkk >wBh Hkzkafr ; k¡ i Snk d j r s gSaA fl [ k r ks okLr o esa l ar fl i kgh gSa A og i wNusyxh og d Sl s \ bl d s mÙkj esa eSaus d gk & fl D[ kksa d k bfr gkl gh , sl k gS A vPNk r ksvki d ks fl D[ kksa l s Hk; D; ksa yxr k gS \ bl ckr i j og d gus yxh & fl D[ kksa d h ' kDygh , sl h gksr h gS A ns[ kks u br uh cM+h&cM+h ewNsa xys esa r yokj fl j i j cM+h l h i xM+h r Fkkml i j r st + / kj okys pDd j vkfn A ; g l qu eSaus g¡l r s gq, mÙkj fn; k & ewNsa r ks i zd frd h nsu gSa A ; g enZ gksus d k i zr hd fpUg gSa A bl i j r ks d ksbZ vki fÙk d h ckr gh ughaAuk gh bl esa d ksbZ Mj t Sl h ckr gS A jgh ckr d i k. k d h r ks og vkRe l qj {kk d s fy, i guht kr h gS A t c d ksbZ l ad V dk l e; gks r ks d i k. k ; k ' kL=k / kj . k fd ; s gq, O; fDr d k vkRefo' okl cuk jgr k gS A bl i zd kj O; fDr / S; Z l s l ad V r Fkk ' k=kq l s eqfDr i k ysr k gS A t ksO; fDr l ad V d ky esa ' kL=k foghu gS ml d k / S; Z VwV t kr k gSA og foosd ghu vi uh l qj{kkHkh ugha d j i kr k r ks nwl js d h l qj{kk D; k d jsxk \ cl d i k.k r ks vkRe l qj{kk dh xkjaVh nsusokyk , d ' kL=k gS A bl i j ekr k t h d ks et +kd l w>k A og d gus yxh & vxj d i k. kd s LFkku i j fi Lr kSy j [ kks r ks D; k vPNk ugha jgsxk \ bl i j eSaus d gk & ekr k t hfi Lr kSy i gys r k ' kL=k ugha vL=k gS A bl l s nwl jksa i j geyk fd ; k t k l d r k gS A i jUr qd i k.k l s d soy vkRe l qj{kk A ge yksx d soy vkRe l qj{kk d h nf"V l s d i k. k / kj . k d jr sgSa u fd nwl jksa d ks d "V nsus d s fy, A bl d s l kFk&l kFk fi Lr kSy d k fu' kkuk pwd l d r kgS A fi Lr kSy [ kjkc gks l d r h gS A ck: n [ kRe gks l d r k gS A ck: n i qjkuk vFkok xhykgks l d r k gS A l ad V d s l e; fi Lr kSy l kFk u ns i jUr q d i k. k d Hkh / ks[ kk ugha ns l d r hA bl i j ekr k t h d gus yxha % csVk eq>s r ks yxr k gS vki yksxksa }kjk d i k. k / kj . k d juk, sl k gh gS t Sl s gekjs ; gk¡ t usÅ / kj . k d jr s gSa A bl i j eSa cksyk % ugha ekr k t h ! d i k. kd s fo"k; esa r ks eSa i zdk' k Mky pqd k gw¡ vkSj vki t ku pqds gSa fd d i k. k / kj . k d juk fd r ukvFkZi w. kZ gS A nwl jh vksj bl d s foi jhr t usÅ / kj . k d jus l s O; fDr d ks d ksbZ i zR; {k ykHkgksr k fn[ kkbZ ugha nsr k r Fkk u gh oSKkfud nf"V l s d ksbZ bl d k ykHk i zekf. kr d j l d r kgS A bl d ks / kj . k d jus okys d soy vi us d ks , d vuko' ; d t at ky esa Ql k gqvk i kr s gSaA bl fy, xq# ukud nso t h us bl t usÅ dks / kj. k d jus l s bUdkj d j fn; k Fkk A mUgksausdgk &eSaus , d fo' ks"k t usÅ / kj . k fd ; k gqvk gS t ks l nSoh gS ft l d ks eSy ugha yxr h A

{154}

t ks t yr k ugha r Fkk ukgh og d Hkh i qjkuk vkSj [ kjkc gksr k gS A bl ckr d s fy, mud hfuEufyf[ kr i afDr ; ksa i zfl ¼ gSa µ

nbvk d i kg l Ur ks[ kq l wr q t r q x<h l r q oVq AA

, gq t usÅ t hv d k gbZ r i kMs ?kr q AA

uk , gq r qVS u eyq yxS u , gq t yS u t kb AA

i "B þ÷û

; g l c l qud j ekr k t h d gus yxh & ; g r ks l c Bhd gS A i jUr q t gk¡ r d eq>sekywe gS A i gys&i gy xqaMs yksx gh pkd w] Nqjs] cjNs] vkfn j [ kr s Fks A i jUr q vc fl [ kyksxksa esa r ks ; g l kEi znkf; d fpUg cu x; k gS A bl i j eSaus mud ks l e>kr s gq, d gk fdd i k. k , d , sl k ' kL=k gS ft l d ks d soy mPp vkfRed voLFkk okys gh / kj . k d j r s gSa Abl d ks uhp i zofr okys O; fDr / kj . k gh ugha d j r s A fl [ k r ks okLr o esa l ar fl i kgh gSa Aog i wNus yxh og d Sl s \ bl d s mÙkj esa eSaus d gk & fl D[ kksa d k bfr gkl gh , sl k gSD; ksafd fl D[ kksa us d Hkh t qYe d s vkxs >qd uk ugha l h[ kk A og r ks t +kfye d ks gh t M+ l sm[ kkM+ QSad us d k l ad Yi fy, gq, jgr s gSa A mnkgj. k d s fy, fgUnqRo t usÅ r Fkk fr ydd h l qj{kk d s fy, gekjs ukSosa xq# r sx cgknqj t h us vkSajxt s+c d ks yyd kjk r Fkk mUgksaus vi usi zk. kksa d h vkgqfr ns nh A bl cfynku d s i ' pkr ~ xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us eqxyksa d s t qYeksad s fojks/ esa vkanksyu pykus gsr w vi us , d fl [ k] cank cgknqj d ks nf{k. k Hkkj r l s Hkst k Aft l us vkSajxt sc r Fkk ml d s eqxy l kezkT; d ks yxHkx feVk Mkyk A bl d s i ' pkr ~vgen' kkg vCnkyh us Hkkjr i j d bZ geys fd ; s r Fkk ml us i kuhi r d s eSnku esa ejkBksa d ksHkh gjkd j fnYyh r Fkk vkxjk bR; kfn uxjksa d ks [ kwc ywVk A i jUr q ywV r d gh ckr l hferu Fkh ml us ogk¡ [ kwu dh gksyh Hkh [ ksyh r Fkk l kFk esa Hkkjr d h bTt r vFkkZr Hkkjr h; ukfj ; ksad ks Hkh ?kj&?kj l s mBkd j ys x; k A ft ud h l a[ ; k yxHkx 16000 d h cr kbZ t kr h gS At c og bu ukfj ; ksa d ks ysd j i ¡t kc d s nksvkck {ks=k l s xqt j j gk Fkk r Hkh LokHkhekuhv. k[ khys fl D[ kksa l s u jgk x; k A mul s Hkkj r h; efgykvksa d h ; g nqnZ' kk ugha ns[ kh xbZ AmUgksaus r qjUr , d fu. kZ; fy; k r Fkk l Hkh l axfBr gksd j vCnkyh d h l sukvksa i j VwV i M+s A

{155}

ml l e; fl [ k ckjg vyx&vyx l ewgksa esa l axfBr Fks A bud h d qy l a[ ; k yxHkx30000 gt kj Fkh ft uesa 10000 gt kj ?kqM+l okj r Fkk 20000 gt kj i Sny l Sfud Fks AbUgksaus vgen' kkg vCnkyh d ks r hu r jQ l s ?ksj fy; k A d soy i f' pe d k jkLr k mud ksvQxkfuLr ku Hkkxus d s fy, NksM+ fn; k A ; g vkØe.k nksi gj Bhd 12 ct s fd ; k x; k At c l w; Z f' k[ kj i j Fkk A ml l e; i Bku cs&[ kcj ekSt eLr h esa Fks A os vpkud fl D[ kksad s geys d k l keuk ugha d j i k, vkSj Hk; Hkhr gksd j b/ j&m/ j Hkkxus yxs A fl D[ kksa usl e; d k i wjk&i wjk ykHk mBkr s gq, i Bkuksa d ks / j nckspk vkSj mud s }kjk cUnh cukbZ xbZefgykvksa dks eqDr d jokd j vi us&vi us ?kksM+ksa i j fcBkd j l e; jgr s ogk¡ l s fud y vk; sA t c i Bku l Sfud l EHkys r c r d fl [ k 10000 efgykvksa d ks eqDr d jok d j t k pqd sFks A okLr o esa fl D[ kksa d k y{; Hkkj r h; ukfj ; ksa d ks vCnkyh d s pqxy l s NqM+okuk Fkk Abl y{; esa fl [ k cgqr l Qy gq, i jUr q l Hkh ukfj ; ksa d ks NqM+ok; k ugha t k l d k D; ksafdmud s i kl ?kksM+s 10000 gh Fks A vCnkyh yxHkx 6000 ukfj ; ksa d ks vQxkfuLr ku ys t kusesa l Qy gks x; k r Fkk mud ks ogk¡ ml us , d &, d nks&nks Vd ksa esa csp fn; k A ; g ?kVuk1760 d h gS A fl D[ kksa d s l kFk nqvkcs d s {ks=k esa gqbZ gkj l s vCnkyh ckS[ kyk x; k A ogbl vi eku d s cnys esa ver l j d s Lo. kZ eafnj d ks r ksi ksa l s fxjk x; k r Fkk ogk¡ i j vi uhl Sfud Vqd fM+; k¡ NksM+ x; k A t ks gfjeafnj (Jh njckj l kfgc) d k vi eku d jus yxh At Sl s gh fl D[ kksa d ks bl ?kVuk d h ckr ekywe gqbZ A os fQj l s l axfBr gksd j eqxy l sukl s yksgk ysus d s fy, ver l j i gq¡p x; s A eqxy l suk, ¡ fl D[ kksa d k l keuk ugha d j i kbZ Aos l nk d s fy, Hkkx xbZ A bl i zd kj fl D[ kksa us i ¡t kc i j d Ct +k d j fy; k A fQj / hjs&/ hjs fl D[ kksa us l hek i zkar i j d Ct +k d j fy; k r Fkk vQxkfuLr ku d s njokt +s njk [ kScj d sckgj t +ejkSn esa , d fd yk LFkkfi r d j fy; k A ft l l s fQj dHkh fd l h vQxkuh d ks Hkkjri j geyk d jus d h fgEer ugha gqbZ A ; gk¡ , d ckr è; ku nsus ; ksX; gS fd eqgEen xt +uohus l kseukFk t h d s eafnj d ks ywVk r Fkk ml d ks r ksM+ fn; k i jUr q d ksbZ fgUnq ml d k fojks/ ughad j i k; k A ml l e; l kseukFk t h ds i afMr dgr s Fks & fpUr k dh d ksbZ ckr ugha A l kseukFkt h d s i zxV gksr s gh eqgEen xt +uoh vU/ k gks t k, xk r Fkk ml d h l suk, ¡ ej t k; saxh Ai jUr q , sl k d qN gqvk gh ugha A t c eqgEen l kseukFk t h d h ewfr Z r ksM+us yxk r ks ogk¡ d sl Hkh i afMr ml d s vkxs [ kwc xM+fxM+k; s fd bl ewfr Z d ks er r ksM+ks i jUr q og d gk¡ ekuus okyk

{156}

Fkk A ml d s i ' pkr ~ ml us i afMr ksa d h gR; k, ¡ Hkh ' kq: d j nh A r Hkh i afMr vi uh t ku d hHkh[ k ml i ki h l s ek¡xus yxs A i jUr q vCnkyh us Lo. kZ eafnj d ks fxjk; k r ks fd l h fl [ k us; g ugha d gk fd xq# ukud nso t h ; k xq# vt qZu nso t h Lo; a i zxV gksaxs r ks bl nq"V d kuk' k gks t k; sxk A i jUr q fl D[ kksa us vi us d ÙkZO; esa fo' okl j [ kk r Fkk nq"V vCnkyh d kl keuk j . k{ks=k esa d jus yxs A ft l d s i fj . kke Lo: i vCnkyh r Fkk ml d h l suk, ¡ Hkkjr Hkwfel s Hkkx [ kM+h gqbZ A bl ?kVuk d s ckn fl D[ kksa us Lo. kZ eafnj d k i qu% fuekZ. k fd ; k A

; g l c l qu ekr k t h d gus yxh & csVk] r qe Bhd d gr s gks A i jUr q gekjk fo' oklgs i ki h d ks ekjus d s fy, i ki egkcyh gS A i ki h d ks Hkxoku Lo; a l t +k nsr k gS A

vt hr % ekr k t h vki d h ckr d qN Bhd gS A Hkxoku ogk¡ gh nq"V d k neu d jr sgSa t gk¡ nq"V O; fDr d k fojks/ h i {k d et +ksj gks r Fkk mud ks d soy i zHkq dk gh l gkjk gks Ai jUr q t gk¡ nq"V dk fojks/ h i {k gj nf"V l s et cwr gks r Fkk og fQj Hkh vR; kpkj d k l keuku d js A ml l s eq¡g fNi k ys r ks i zHkq vR; kpkjh d s eqd kcys vR; kpkj l gu d jus okyksa i jvf/ d i zd ksi fn[ kkr k gS A t Sl k fd l kseukFk t h d s eafnj d s l e; ?kVuk ?kVh A ml l e;, d fons' kh yxHkx 10 gt kj l Sfud ysd j 22 d jksM+ d h t ul a[ ; k okys Hkkjr d ks d qPkyx; k A D; k ml l e; Hkkjr h; ksa d s i kl fny ugha Fkk ; k fnekx ugha Fkk ; k fQj og ' kkjhfjdnf"V l s fd l h l s d e Fks A i jUr q cqt +fny t +: j Fks ft l l s ml l e; d s yksxksa us Hkkj r d sbfr gkl i j l nk d s fy, , d d ayd d k / Cck t +: j yxk fn; k A vc cr kvks ekr k t h, sl s esa Hkxoku ugha i w¡Nsxs fd r qe fd l h l s d e gks t ks vR; kpkj l gr s gks A D; k r qEgsa eSausfnekx ugha fn; k Fkk \ fny ugha fn; k ; k , d LoLFk cy' kkyh ' kjhj ugha fn; k r ks ml l e;Hkxoku d ks D; k mÙkj ns i k, ¡xs A bl fy, fl D[ kksa us Lo. kZ eafnj d s fxjk; s t kus i j Hkxokud ks ugha i qd kjk A i jUr q mUgksaus d gk vkRek gh i jekRek gS A ge esa gh i zHkq Lo; a jgr k gSAbl fy, fl D[ kksa d k l nSo fo' okl j gk gS fd fgEer s enkZ enns [ kqnk ! d eZ gh i z/ ku gSA; fn ge t +kfye d s fo: ¼ yM+saxs r ks Hkxoku gekjh Lo; a j . k{ks=k esa l gk; r k d jsxk A D; ksafdge l R; d s ekxZ i j gSa A bl i zd kj fl [ k d Hkh fl j >qd kd j ugha pys A vr % os ns' k d sl Pps fl i kgh r ks gSa gh i jUr q l ar Hkh gSa A D; ksafd og vf/ d ka' k ; q¼ fuLokFkZ vR; kpkj d sfo: ¼ yM+r s gSa A

{157}

, ssl s gh gj jkst + esjk ekr k t h d s l kFk fopkjksa d k vknku&i znku gksr k A vc ekr k t hd s gkFk d k t [ e yxHkx Bhd gksus d ks Fkk A og FkksM+k cgqr d ke&d kt Hkh d jus yxhFkh A vc og eq>l s i wNr h fd r qe i Sl s&oSl s oxSjk r ks ysr s ugha i jUr q eSa r qe i j cgqr [ kq' kgw¡ A bl fy, r qEgsa eSa vi us eu l s d qN nsuk pkgr h gw¡ i jUr q d qN l e> ugha vkr k fd r qEgsaesa D; k nw¡ A eSaus d gk & ekr k t h eq>s fd l h Hkh pht + d h bPNk ugha gS A eSa r ks vki d kvk' khZokn pkgr k gw¡ A

ekr k t h & og r ks Bhd gS A eSa r qe i j i zl Uu gw¡ A bl fy, vk' khZokn r ks vi us vkir qEgsa feysxh A i jUr q r qe br uh fuLokFkZ l sok D; ksa d jr s gks \ bl d s mÙkj esa eSaus d gk &eSa ; g l sok ugha d j jgk A ; g r ks gekjs i q: [ kksa l s gekjh i jEi jk pyh vk jgh gS fd gj mlO; fDr d h ejge i V~Vh d juh gS t ks t y x; k gks A bl l s gesa l q[ k feyr k gS A ; g l quekr k t h us fQj d qN ugha d gk A

vc eSaus fi z; k d ks vi us ; gk¡ vkus d k fuea=k. k fn; k fd j fookj d ks vc r qEgsa vkukgksxk A D; ksafd eSaus r ks ml d s ; gk¡ u t kus fd r us gh pDd j d kV fn; s Fks A bl i j ogd gus yxh & r qEgkjs i kl r ks vPNk [ kkl k cgkuk Fkk A i jUr q eSa ogk¡ fd l cgkus l s vkÅ¡xh\

vt hr % ns[ kks I; kj d jus okys cgkus <w¡< ysr s gSa A mud s l keus cgkus cukuk d ksbZl eL; k ugha gksr h A

fi z; k % d gr s r ks r qe Bhd gks A i jUr q i gyk cgkuk cukuk t +jk eqf' d y gksr k gS A

vt hr % vPNk r ks r qe , sl k d juk A j fookj d h nksi gj d ks eSa ?kj i j gh jgw¡xk r ksr qe ekr k t h d ks feyus pyh vkuk A og r ks r qEgsa cqyk jgh gS A jgh ckr fi r kt h r FkkHkkbZ&cguksa d h r ks og vuqeku ugha yxk i k; saxs fd r qe eq>s feyus vkbZ gks ; k ekr k t hd ks A og r ks r qEgsa ekr k t h d h d ksbZ i fj fpr yM+d h l e>saxs A eSa mud s l keus r qEgsavi fj fpr d h r jg ns[ kw¡xk r Fkk oSl k gh vfHku; d : ¡xk A

{158}

bl i j og l ger gks xbZ r Fkk j fookj d h nksgi j d ks vk xbZ A vc ekr k t h usml d sk ns[ kk r ks cksys vkvks csVh eSa r ks r qEgsa eu gh eu jkst + ; kn d jr h jgr h gw¡ A i jUr q , dr qe gks fd d Hkh vkr h gh ugha A uk t kus vkt fd / j l s jkLr k Hkwy xbZ gks r Fkk mUgksaus fi z; kd ks vi us xys l s yxk fy; k A ckd h ?kj d s l nL; ; g feyu ns[ kus yxs A r Hkh fi z; k usl Hkh d ks vkSi pkfjd r k fuHkkr s gq, vfHkoknu fd ; k r Fkk ekr k t h d s i kl cSB xbZ A vcos vki l esa yxha nq%[ k&l q[ k ck¡Vus A r Hkh fi z; k us d g fn; k fd bu fnuksa mud h ekr k t hd k gkFk t y x; k Fkk l ks mud s LFkku i j ml s gh ?kj d k d ke l EHkkyuk gksr k Fkk A bl fy,l e; gh ugha fey i kr k Fkk A ; g l qu esjh ekr k t h d gus yxh fd vt hr d ks cr k; k gksr kA; g mud k vk; qZoSfnd i z. kkyh l s r S; kj ejge l s bZykt + d jr k r ks og cgqr t Ynh Bhd gkst kr h A og d gus yxh & bUgksaus gh mud k bZykt + fd ; k gS A vc mud k gkFk yxHkxBhd gh x; k gS A ; g l qu l Hkh ?kj d s l nL; pfd r jg x; s fd bl d h i gys l s gh ; gi fj fp; yM+d h gS r Fkk og eq>s vk' p; Z l s ns[ kus yxs A vc gekjh fe=kr k d h i ksy [ kqy xbZFkh A l ks l Hkh fi z; k esa : fp ysus yxs r Fkk ckr sa l quus yxs A ml l e; fi z; k bl i zd kj ckr sad j j gh Fkh ekuks og bl ?kj d h gh l nL; gks A okLr o esa ckr ; g Fkh fd esjs l kFkjgr s&jgr s ml d ks gekjs ?kj d h gj ckr d k Kku gks x; k Fkk A l ks og t Ynh gh ?kqy&feyxbZ A ml d s bl feyul kj LoHkko l s esjs fi r k t h cgqr i zHkkfor gq, A bl fy, mud s euesa bl vi fj fpr yM+d h d s fo"k; esa t kuus d s fy, mRl qd r k gqbZ l ks mUgksaus ckr phr d jusd s fopkj l s i wNk & csVh r qe vt hr d s l kFk i <+r h gks \ bl d s mÙkj esa og cM+s l gtHkko l s cksyh ugha fi r k t h] vHkh r ks ugha A gk¡ fi Nys nks&r hu l ky i gys ge bDV~Bs i <+r sFks A r Hkh fi r k t h us d gk r ks r qEgkjh fe=kr k i qjkuh gS A bl d s mÙkj esa fi z; k us d soy fl jfgykd j l gefr i zd V d h A r Hkh i kl cSBh esjh cfgu us t ks bu fnuksa ek; d s vkbZ gqbZ FkhAckr d ks et +kd esa mM+kr s gq, i wNk fe=kr k d Pph gS ; k i Dd h \ bl l s i gys og cksys ekr kt h us gh mÙkj fn; k vjh i xyh t c r hu o"kZ l s fe=kr k pyh vk jgh gS r ks fe=kr k i Dd hfcYd qy i Dd h gS A bl i j og d gus yxh & vHkh r d r ks fe=kr k i Dd h gS i jUr q eSausr ks vkus okys l e; d s fy, i wNk gS A r Hkh fi z; k cksyh & vxj vki yksxkssa us l kFk fn; k r ksfe=kr k i Dd h gh jgsxh A bl d s mÙkj esa esjh cfgu d gus yxh &Hkyk gesa D; k vki fÙk gksl d r h gS A

{159}

fi z; k % og r ks eq>s ekywe gS A fQj Hkh gekjs chp d bZ i zd kj d h l kEi znkf; d r Fkkl kekft d fnokjsa gSa A

nhnh % gekjs ; gk¡ r ks ; g fnokjsa d ksbZ fo' ks"k egÙo ugha j [ kr h A c' kr sZ fd r qe vi usvki d ks ; gk¡ d s okr koj . k d s vuqd wy r S; kj d j yks A

fi z; k % eSa r ks fl [ k fl ¼kr ksa d s fo"k; esa d qN t kur h gh ugha gw¡ A r ks D; k eSa vkiyksxksa esa l fEefyr ugha gks l d r h \

nhnh % ugha] ugha , sl k ugha gS A esj s d gus d k v fHki zk; Fkk fd r qe v i us esavkRefo' okl ; k n<+ l ad Yi d j yks fd r q>s fl [ k l H; r k vi ukuh gh gS A

fi z; k % ; g l ad Yi r ks eSaus d c d k fy; k gqvk gS A i jUr q eSa vi us i woZ l aLd kjksa d sd kj . k i w. kZr % ; g l H; r k ; k l Hkh fl [ k fl ¼kar u vi uk i kÅ¡ r ks \

nhnh % fl [ k fl ¼kar ksa d ks j gr ukek* d s uke l s i qd kj k t kr k gS A ft l esa , dvkn' kZ t hou t hus d s fl ¼kar gSa A i jUr q og l Hkh fl ¼kar , d l k/ kj . k O; fDr ugha vi uki kr k A D; ksafd gj ekuo esa d qN u d qN =kqfV; k¡ gksr h gSa A vr % og LFkku&LFkku i j Hkwysad j r k gS A i jUr q d qN Hkwysa O; fDr t kucw> d j d jr k gS A d qN vut kus esa r Fkk d qNfd l h et cwjh o' k A t kucw> d j Hkwy d jus okyk O; fDr nks"kh gS A i jUr q vut kus esa Hkwyd jus okyk O; fDr nks"kh ugha gS A t gk¡ r d et cwjh esa d ksbZ Hkwy d j r k gS r ks og fd l h gnr d {kek d k i k=k gksr k gS A i jUr q ; fn et cwjh esa xyr h d jus okyk O; fDr et cwj u jgusi j Hkh xyr h d jr k gS r Fkk og vi uh xyr vknr gh cuk ysr k gS r ks og {kek d k i k=k ughagS A bl d k vFkZ ; g gqvk fd vxj ge l kspr s gSa fd ; g =kqfV r ks ge esa gS gh A r ks pyks vcbl esa vi us d ks D; k l q/ kjuk gS A ogk¡ ge nks"kh jgsaxs A

mnkgj . k d s fy, t Sl s fgUnq yksx xks ekal ugha [ kkr s A i jUr q gekjk bfr gkl cr kr k gSfd eqxyd ky esa d qN fgUnqvksa d ks t cjnLr h xks ekal f[ kyk; k x; k A bl d s ckn os vi usvki gh vi us d ks eql yeku ekuus yxs r Fkk ckd h fgUnq l ekt us mUgsa fQVd kj fn; k At cfd ; g xyr h mUgksaus vi us vki ugha d h Fkh A bl d s i hNs , d et cwjh Fkh A ; fn os

{160}

fgUnw nqckjk ogh xyr h u nksgjk; s r Fkk vi us eu d ks n<+ d jd s i qu% vi us gh jkLr s i j pysr ks og {kek d s i k=k Fks A mud k nks"k d qN Hkh u Fkk A nks"k br uk t : j Fkk fd mUgksausvi uh t ku cpkus d s fy, t +kfye d k fojks/ fcYd qy ugha fd ; k A vxj t +kfye d s fojks/esa nks pkj fgUnq ml l e; ' kghn Hkh gks t kr s r ks ; g ?kVuk t +kfye fQj nksgjkus d k l kglugha d jr k A

fi z; k % i jUr q , d ckj t ks / eZ Hkz"V gks x; k A fQj D; k fd ; k t k l d r k gS \

\ % ; gha i j r ks Hkze esa gks A / eZ d ksbZ d Ppk / kxk ugha gksr k t ks VwV t k; s A okLr oeass / eZ d k vFkZ gS d ÙkZO; A d ÙkZO; vFkkZr t hou d s fl ¼kar r Fkk vi us Qt Z+ A eku yksge i j d ksbZ l ad V d k l e; gS bl fy, ge d Hkh vi uk d ÙkZO; ugha fuHkk i k; s r ks bl d kvFkZ ; g ugha fd l ad V l ekIr gksus i j Hkh ge og d ÙkZO; fuHkkuk gh NksM+ ns A er yc; g fd fQj l e; feyus i j ge vi us vki d ks l q/ kjsa A

fi z; k % eSa ckr Bhd l s l e>h ugha \

fi r k t h % csVh eSa r qed ks ckr l e>kus d h d ksf' k' k d jr k gw¡ A ns[ kks eSa fcekj gw¡ A eq>sMkDVjksa us cgqr l h nok; sa [ kkus d ks nh gSa A i jUr q bl d s l kFk cgqr l k i jgst + d jus d ks d gkgS A i jUr q d Hkh d Hkkj , sl k gksr k gS A eSa ?kj l s ckgj jgr k gw¡ r ks eSa i jgst + ugha j [ k i kr kAgkyka fd esjh vi uh ; gh bPNk gksr h gS fd eSa cni jgst +h u d : ¡ A i jUr q jkLr s esa ; k l Qjesa d qN et cwfj ; k¡ gksr h gSa A bl d k vFkZ ; g ugha fd eSaus fd l h d kj . k o' k , d ckjcni jgst +h d j yh gS r ks vc i jgst + d juk gh cUn d j nw¡ A eq>s ekywe gS fd , d vk/ckj cni jgst +h l s d qN r ks gkfu gksxh A i jUr q ml d ks u l q/ kjus l s esjk bZykt + O; FkZ gkst k; sxk A Bhd bl h i zd kj vè; kfRed nf"V l s l al kj ekufl d jksxh gS A bl d s fy, i zHkqd k uke nokbZ gS A t c uke nokbZ gS r ks ml d s fy, i j gst + Hkh gksxk A bl esa / kfeZdfl ¼kar gksr s gSa A t Sl s & >wB uk cksyks & fd l h d k fny u nq[ kkvks] i jkbZ fuUnk u d jks]Hkz"Vkpkj uk d jks bR; kfn A

fi z; k % i jUr q fi r k t h ; g r ks l Hkh / eks± d s l k/ kj . k fl ¼kar gSa A eq>s r ks fl [ k fl ¼kart kuus esa : fp gS A

{161}

fi r k t h % fl [ k yksx gj fl ¼kar i j oSKkfud nf"V d ks. k vi ukr s gSa A vFkkZr fd l h: <+hoknh fopkj / kjk d ks ugha vi ukr s r Fkk vkMEcjksa i k[ k. Mksa l s nwj jgr s gSa A vFkkZr fd l hi zd kj d s Hkzeksa] ogeksa esa ugha i M+r s A cl , d i zHkq d h mi kl uk d jr s gS A t ks l oZeku l R;gS A

fi z; k % i jUr q fi r k t h fgUnqvksa r Fkk fl D[ kksa esa ns[ kus d ks r ks cgqr vUr j gS A

fi r k t h % csVh bl d s i hNs pkj fo' ks"k fl [ k fl ¼kar gSa A i gyk] >Vd k ekal [ kkuk Anwl jk] r Eckd w d k i z; ksx u d juk A r hl jk] i jkbZ ukjh ; k i j i q: "k d k l ax u d juk A pkSFkk]i zd fr }kjk fn; s x; s Lo: i esa d ksbZ gsjkQsjh ugha d juk A vFkkZr fd l h i zd kj d s Hkh jkseksa d k[ kaMu ugha d juk A

fi z; k % ; g r ks eSa cgqr vkl kuh l s v i uk l d r h gw¡ A D; ksafd gekjs ; gk¡ ekal r Fkkr Eckd w d k i z; ksx gksr k gh ugha A r hl js vkSj pkSFks fl ¼kar esa Hkh eSa Bhd gw¡ D; ksafd eSa , dfgUnq i fjokj l s gw¡ bl fy, eq>s r ks ; g fl ¼kar gj gkyr esa vi ukus gh gS A

fi r k t h % eq>s ekywe gS A r sjs fy, fl [ k fl ¼kar vi ukr s l e; fd l h i zd kj d h d ksbZd fBukbZ vkM+s ugha vk; sxh A okLr o esa vxj d ksbZ fgUnq pkj fl ¼kar vkSj vi uk ys r ks ogl oksZÙke ekuo cu t kr k gS A

bl ckr phr d s chp ekr k t h pk; bR; kfn r S; kj d j yk; s A l ks ckr ; gha l ekIr d jge yksx pk; r Fkk vU; O; at u [ kkus yxs A fi r k t h d ks d ksbZ d ke Fkk l ks og ?kj l s pysx; s A

vt hr % HkkbZ yksxksa jkr cgqr gks xbZ gS A ckd h d Fkk fQj d Hkh l qukÅ¡xk A vc l cyksxksa d ks uhan vk jgh Fkh A l ks l Hkh yksx vxyh jkr ckd h d gkuh l qukus d k ok; nk ysd jl ksus pys x; s A

{162}

vxyh l qcg

foDVj % vkt l kseokj r Fkk 31 r kjh[ k gS A vkt r ks vks-l h- l kfgc d k njckj gksxkA

t Qj % njckj d s l kFk&l kFk eSl ehfVax Hkh gS A

fot ; % fQj r ks vkt t Ynh r S; kj gks t kuk pkfg, A D; ksafd i jsM d s fy, d qN l e;i gys Qkfyu gksuk gS A

l Hkh fe=k t Ynh&t Ynh r S; kj gksr s gSa A r Hkh goynkj est j l hVh ct kr k gS A l HkhQkfyu gks t kr s gSa r Fkk d qN gh l e; esa i jsM ' kq: gks t kr h gS A i jsM l ekIr gksus i j l Hkhnjckj d s fy, fjDjs' ku gky esa ; Fkk&LFkku i j cSB t kr s gSa A r Hkh vks-l h- l kfgc d s d gusi j i qu% vkjke voLFkk esa l Hkh t oku gks t kr s gSa A bl i zd kj vks-l h- l kfgc njckj d ki zkjEHk d j r s gSa A vks-l h- l kfgc d gr s gSa fd r qe yksxksa d ks ; g t ku d j [ kq' kh gksxh fdgekjh ; qfuV bl i wjs l SDVj esa i zFke vkbZ gS A bl fy, eSa r qEgkjs d ke l s cgqr l ar q"V gw¡ Ai jUr q eq>s nq%[ k bl ckr d k gS fd , d nks t oku xSj d kuwuh d .Vªh fyd j i hr s gSa r Fkk ckgjl M+d ksa i j i M+s gq, i k; s x; s gSa A vxj eSaus fQj d Hkh , sl h ?kVuk; sa l quha r ks eSa bl vi jk/d s cnys esa i wjh ; qfuV d ks nf. Mr d : ¡xk A , d eNyh l kjs r kykc d ks xank d j r h gS Abl fy, r qe l c d ksf' k' k d jks fd , sl h ?kVuk dHkh nqckjk u gks A okLr o esa r qe l c d k Qt ZgS fd , sl s vkneh i j d M+h fuxkg j [ kks t ks ; qfuV d ks cnuke d j r k gS A bl d s i ' pkr ~ vks-l h- l kfgc us t okuksa }kjk fi Nys eghus ds IokabV~l dk l ek/ ku cr k; k r Fkk d gk & vkt d snjckj esa fd l h us d ksbZ Iokb.V ugha Hkst k gS A vxj fd l h d k d ksbZ Iokb.V gks r ks cr kvksAr Hkh vt hr [ kM+k gksr k gS A vi uk uEcj jSad r Fkk uke vkSi pkfjd r k i wjh d jr s gq, cr kr kgS A ml d s ckn vi us Iokb. V d ks j [ kr k gS A

vt hr % l j l Sfd aM i jsM l s i gys od Z' kki esa t kus l s i woZ ekSu i zkFkZuk gksuh pkfg, A

vks-l h- % cgqr vPNk Iokb±V gS A od Z' kki vkWfQl j l kfgc vki uksV d j ysa A gj jkst +od Z' kki d s i zkjEHk gksus l s i woZ nks feuV d s fy, l Hkh yksx ekSu i zs; j esa l fEefyr gksaxs A

{163}

vPNk r ks vkSj fd l h d k d ksbZ Iokb. V gS \

l kseukFk % l j fjDjs' ku : e d s fy, jaxhu VSfyfot +u [ kjhnk t kuk pkfg, A

vks-l h- % Bhd gS r qEgkjk Iokb±V uksV d j fy; k x; k gS A ge vxys eghus r d jaxhuVSfyfot u Hkh [ kjhn ysaxs A

cl bl i zd kj njckj l ekIr gks t kr k gS A r Hkh pk; r Fkk i d kSfM+; k¡ l Hkh d ks uk' r sd s fy, vkr h gSa A bl d s i ' pkr ~ vks-l h- l kfgc pys t kr s gSa A i jUr q 2@vkbZ-l h- l kfgc(l Sfd aM bu d ekaM) ogha cSBs jgr s gSa A og eSl ehfVax d s fy, l Hkh d ks l Ecks/ u d j r sgSa r Fkk fi Nys eghus d s yaxj d ek. Mª r Fkk yaxj l SDVjh l s fgl kc i wNr s gSa A bl d s cknog fgl kc d k vkfMV d jus d s fy, nks t okuksa d s uke uksehusV d j nsr s gSa A og l Hkh yksxksaesa l s , d l s i wNr s gSa fd og bl ckj fd l d ks yaxj d ek. Mª pquuk pkgr k gS A og t okucynso fl a?k d k uke ys ysr k gS A bl i zd kj og fQj nwl js t oku l s i wNr s gSa fd og blckj fd l d ks yaxj d ek.Mª pquuk pkgr k gS r ks og fi r kEcj nÙk d k uke ys ysr k gS A vc2@vkbZ-l h- l kfgc l Hkh d ks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, i wNr s gSa fd muesa d kSu&d kSu cynso fl a?kd s i {k eas gSa A d qN yksx cynso fl a?k d s fy, gkFk [ kM+k d j r s gSa A Bhd bl i zd kj ogfi r kEcj d s i {k okyksa d ks gkFk [ kM+k d jus d ks d gr s gSa A bl i zd kj pquko fi r kEcj nÙkt hr t kr k gS A bl d s i ' pkr ~ eSl l SDVjh d k Hkh Bhd bl h i zd kj pquko gksr k gS A ft l esafoDVj eSl l SDVjh pquk t kr k gS A bl i zd kj eSl ehfVax l ekIr gks t kr h gS A l Hkh yksxksad ks vc vod k' k d k l e; fey t kr k gS D; ksafd vHkh od Z' kki d s i zkjEHk gksus esa yxHkx 15feuV ckd h gSa A

vt hr % foDVj HkkbZ c/ kbZ gks A bl ckj r qe eSl l SDVjh d k pquko t hr x; s A

foDVj % c/ kbZ D; k [ kkd gks A mYVk fgl kc fd r kc j [ kus d h eql hcr xys esa i M+ xbZgS A

t Qj % r qEgha r ks fi Nys eSl l SDVjh d s nks"k fud kyk d jr s Fks fd ml dks ogk¡ l s l kekuugha e¡xkuk pkfg, r Fkk og&og eaxkuk pkfg, A r ks vc D; k gks x; k gS \

{164}

foDVj % d ks; ys dh nykyh esa gkFk Hkh dkyk r Fkk eq¡g Hkh dkyk A bl esa eq>s D; k feysxkAfl QZ cnukeh A l Hkh d gsaxs og d ke Bhd ugha gqvk A og [ kkuk vPNk ugha A d ksbZd gsxk ; g oLr q vPNh ugha bR; kfn A

fot ; % ; kj d Sl h ckr sa d j jgs gks A r qEgsa r ks [ kq' k gksuk pkfg, fd r qEgsa br uk cM+kl Eeku i zkIr gqvk gS A r qe i wjh ; qfuV d s eSl l SDVjh vFkkZr i wjh ; qfuV d s Hkkst u d hO; oLFkk r qEgkjh jgsxh A bl l s [ kkuk vkSj vf/ d vPNk cuk d jsxk A

foDVj % r qe Hkh ew[ kZ gks A D; k eSa i z/ kuea=kh pqu fy; k x; k gw¡ fd eq>s [ kq' k gksukpkfg, \

vt hr % t c r qe , d ; qfuV d s yaxj d ks pykus esa br uk ?kcjk jgs gks r ks i wjs ns' k d kD; k pykvksxs \

foDVj % r qe Hkh cPpksa t Sl h ckr sa d j r s gks A i z/ kueU=kh r Fkk eSl l SDVjh d h mi kf/; ksa d h r qyuk d j j gs gks \ D; k eSl l SDVjh i z/ kuea=kh t Sl k gks l d r k gS \

fot ; % gekjh eSl d s fy, r ks r qe i z/ kueU=kh t Sl s gh gks A cl Qd Z br uk gS A ogns' k d k pquko gS r Fkk ; g d soy ; qfuV d k gS A i jUr q gS nksuksa esa yksd r U=k i z. kkyh A

foDVj % eq>s cs' kd 2@vkbZ-l h- l kfgc , d M; wVh d s r kSj i j eSl l SDVjh cuk nsr s r ksD; k eSa bUd kj d j l d r k Fkk \

fot ; % r c Hkh r qe eSl l SDVjh r ks t : j gksr s A i jUr q , d r kuk' kkg eSl l SDVjh Ai jUr q vc r qe fuokZfpr eSl l SDVjh gks A

foDVj % i jUr q bu ckr ksa l s bl esa vUr j D; k i M+us okyk gS A M; wVh r ks M; wVh gh BgjhA

fot ; % vHkh vki l cd h l qusaxs r Fkk l ksp&fopkj d s l cd s eu Hkkor [ kkukcuokvksxs A i jUr q r c vki vi uh euekuh d j r s fQj Hkh r qEgsa d ksbZ i wNus okyk ugha FkkA

foDVj % r ks gqbZ u yksd r U=k i z. kkyh eql hcr d h t M+ A ft l esa l Hkh d h ckr sa gh l quusd ks feysa A

{165}

fot ; % r qe r ks vi us LokFkZ d s fy, Hkkj r d h vkfnd ky l s pyh vk jgh yksd r U=ki z. kkyh d ks gh d ksl us yxs gks \

foDVj % D; ksa >wB cksyr s gks A yksd r U=k i z. kkyh r ks vaxzst ksa d h nsu gS A

fot ; % ugha ugha A ; g i zkphu Hkkj r h; l H; r k d h nsu gS A

foDVj % D; k cd okl d j jgs gks A vxj Hkkj r d h nsu gS A yksd r U=k i z. kkyh r ksvkt r d d s bfr gkl esa vkt +knh l s i gys j kt k&egkj kt k gh gq, gSa A cr kvks d ghayksd jkt A

fot ; % vt hr r qe gh cr kvks bl s fd yksd r U=k i z. kkyh Hkkjr dh nsu gS ; k baXySaM dhA

vt hr % i zkphud ky esa ge yksd r U=k d ks i apk; r h jkt d gr s Fks A gekjs xkao nsgkr ksaesa vkt r d i apk; r ml h d h nsu gS A vxj r qe bl ckr d ks ugha ekur s r ks vkt l syxHkx 275 o"kZ i woZ l u~ 1699 bZ- d ks xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us yksd r U=k i z. kkyh d k cgqr[ kqyk i znZ' ku fd ; k vi us fl D[ kksa d ks ; g i z. kkyh fojkl r esa ns x; s gSa A xq# xksfcUn fl a?kt h us , d i jh{kk yh A ft l esa mud s i k¡p f' k"; mÙkh. kZ gq, A r c xq#nso us mud ks i api jes' oj ekuk A r Hkh vi us mUgha f' k"; ksa l s nh{kk yh A vFkkZr vi us vki mu l sod ksa d sl sod cu x; s r Fkk mud ks vi uk xq# ekuk A ; g ckr ; gha r d l hfer ugha jgh A bl d ksmUgksaus O; ogkfjd : i Hkh fn; k A

t Qj % og d Sl s \

vt hr % vkuUni qj l kfgc d s fd ys d ks ?ksjs N% l kr eghus gks pqd s Fks A eqxy l sukr ks yM+r s&yM+r s Fkd pqd ha Fkha i jUr q mul s xq# xksfcUn fl a?k d k fd yk vkuUnx<+ t hr k ughat k jgk Fkk A l nhZ d h jkr ksa d ks [ kqys vkd k' k eas cSBs eqxy l suk, ¡ cnkZ' kr ugha d j i k jghFkh A r c vkSjaxt s+c r Fkk ml d s l suki fr d soy vi uh vku j [ kus d s fy, xq# xksfcUn fl a?kt h l s d ksbZ l e>kSr k d jus d s fy, O; kd qy gks jgs Fks A bl O; kd qyr k esa eqxy l sukvksa us, d l e>kSr s esa xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s vkxs cgqr l h >wBh d Lesa mBkbZ fd og vxj , dckj fd yk [ kkyh d j nas r ks og mUgsass t gk¡ pkgas t kus nsaxs r Fkk mu i j d ksbZ geyk ugha d jsaxs

{166}

; g ckr xq#nso ugha eku jgs Fks A D; ksafd og t kur s Fks fd bl d s i hNs d wVuhfr gS A ; gd l esa d soy Nyd i V gh gSa A i jUr q mUgksaus vi us f' k"; ksa d s d gus i j ; g l e>kSr k d jfy; k A i jUr q mUgksaus ; g Hkfo"; ok. kh d j nh fd mud h d l esa >wBh gSa A os yksx fd yk[ kkyh d jus i j geyk d jsaxs A Bhd , sl k gh gqvk A t c xq# t h vk/ h jkr d ks fd yk [ kkyhd jd s pys x; s r ks eqxy l suk; sa xq#nso d k i hNk d jus yxha A ml h jkr l j l k unh d s i klxq#nso r Fkk eqxy l sukvksa esa Hk; ad j ; q¼ gqvk A bl ; q¼ esa xq#nso d s cgqr cM+h l a[ ; k easf' k"; ' kghn gks x; s A r c xq#nso vi us 40 f' k"; ksa r Fkk nks csVksa l fgr l j l k unh i kjd jd s ped kSj l kfgc uke d s LFkku i j , d d Pph gosyh esa pys x; s A ogk¡ fnu Hkj eqxyl sukvksa l s xq#nso d k Hk; ad j ; q¼ gqvk A xq#nso us ; q¼ yM+us d k ml l e; fl ¼kar ; gcuk; k fd os i k¡p&i k¡p f' k"; ksa d ks j . k{ks=k esa Hkst r s Fks r Fkk mud h l gk; r k d s fy, ' k=kqvksai j gosyh l s ck. kksa d h o"kkZ d j r s Fks A t c og i k¡p f' k"; ' kghn gks t kr s Fks r ks i k¡p vU;f' k"; ksa d ks Hkst nsr s Fks A bl i zd kj xq#nso us vi us nksuksa csVksa d ks Hkh j . k{ks=k esa Hkst fn; kr Fkk og ohjxfr i k x; s A bl fnu gYd h&gYd h o"kkZ gks jgh Fkh A fnl acj d s vfUr efnu Fks A l ks t Ynh gh va/ sjk gks x; k A eqxy l suk Hkh va/ sjs d s d kj . k Bhd l s yM+ ughai k jgh Fkh A D; ksafd l nhZ d M+kd s d h i M+ jgh Fkh A bl fy, os vi us gh l kfFk; ksa d ks xq#nsod s f' k"; t kud j mu i j vFkkZr , d &nwl js i j VwV i M+r s Fks A vc xq#nso d s i kl l krf' k"; ' ks"k jg x; s Fks A bu f' k"; ksa us r Hkh vki l esa fopkj&foe' kZ fd ; k fd ; fn bl h i zd kj; q¼ pyr k jgk r ks mud s i ' pkr ~ xq# t h jg t k; saxs ft l l s mud s ohjxfr i zkIr d jus d hl aHkkouk gS A ; fn , sl k gks x; k r ks bl l al kj l s os yksx gh ugha cfYd mud k bfr gkl Hkhl ekIr gks t k; sxk A bl l s i gys fd , sl h ?kVuk ?kfVr gks A xq#nso d ks ogk¡ l s va/ d kjd h vkM+ esa d gha vkSj pys t kuk pkfg, A ; gh ckr mUgksaus xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k cM+hfouezr ki woZd j [ kh r Fkk i zkFkZuk d h ¶gs xq#nso vxj vki bl l ad V d s l e; esa ; g gosyhj . kuhfr d s vUr Zxr Z NksM+ nsa r ks ge vi uh [ kksbZ gqbZ ' kfDr fQj l s i zkIr d j ysaxs A i jUr qxq#nso us ; g l c l qud j vLohd kj d j fn; k r Fkk mÙkj esa d gk ¶D; k os ; gha pkgr s gSa fdxksfcUn fl a?k j . kHkwfe l s Hkkx t k; s A , sl k d Hkh ugha gksxk A eSaus bl hfy, r qe t Sl s vi usI; kjs f' k"; ksa d s l kFk csVs Hkh j . kHkwfe esa Hkst s Fks fd d ksbZ ; g u d g l d s fd vi us f' k"; ksad ks r ks ' kghn d jok; k] i jUr q v i us csVksa d ks l qj f{kr j [ kk A vc r qe yksxksa d ks eSa ; gk¡

{167}

NksM+d j d Sl s t k l d r k gw¡ A r qe l Hkh f' k"; eq>s vi us vki l s Hkh vf/ d I; kj s gks Axq#nso d k ; g mÙkj Bhd gh Fkk i jUr q ml l e; d h j . kuhfr d ks en~nsut +j j [ kr s gq, l Hkhf' k"; ksa us i qu% fopkj fd ; k fd vc D; k fd ; k t k; s \ r Hkh mud ks , d ; qfDr l w>h fdxq#nso us i ap d ks i jes' oj ekuus d k gqDe fn; k gS A r Hkh mUgksaus i k¡p I; kjksa d s : i esa , dxqj&er k* cuk; k A ft l esa i ap I; kjksa d h r jQ l s xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d ks f' k"; ekud jvkns' k fn; k t k; s fd ] ¶gs xksfcUn fl a?k bl l e; r qEgkjk [ kkyl k r qEgsa vkns' k nsr k gS fdr qe ; g gosyh vHkh r Fkk r qjUr [ kkyh d j nks A r Hkh ; g i k¡p I; kjs xq#nso ds l keus vkd jmud ks vkns' k nsus yxs fd ] ¶gs xksfcUn fl a?k bl ckj ge r qEgkjs vkxs i zkFkZuk ugha d j r scfYd r qEgsa xq#: i esa gqDe nsr s gSa fd r qe bl gosyh d ks vHkh r Fkk bl h {k. k [ kkyh d j nksAbl i j xq#nso us i k¡p I; kjksa d s vkxs fl j >qd kd j ueLd kj fd ; k r Fkk d gk µ vki us vHkhxq# r Fkk i jes' oj : i / kj . k fd ; k gS A bl hfy, eSa vki d s gqDe d s vkxs d ksbZ r d Z ughad juk pkgr k gw¡ A vr % eSa vHkh gosyh NksM+ nsr k gw¡ A r Hkh xq#nso us v i us mu f' k"; ksa esal s , d d ks vi uk ck. kk ( i fj / ku) i guk fn; k r Fkk vi us l kFk nks nwl js f' k"; ksa d ks ysd jgosyh d k njokt k [ kksyd j va/ d kj d h vkM+ esa fud y i M+s A r Hkh mUgksaus [ kwc t k+sj&t +ksjl s ukjs yxk; s fd i hj& , &fgUn t k jgk gS A vxj fgEer gS r ks i d M+ yks r Fkk l kFk ghe' kkyfp; ksa d ks vi us ck. kksa l s ekj Mkyk A bl i j eqxy l suk va/ sjs d s d kj . k vki l esa ghfHkM+ xbZ A t c xq#nso gosyh d s d qN gh nwj i gq¡ps r ks r Hkh vkd k' k esa fct yh ped mBhAns[ kr s D; k gSa fd i k¡o esa cM+s csVs vt hr fl a?k d k ' ko i M+k gS A r Hkh l kFk esa [ kM+s , d f' k";us xq#nso l s i zkFkZuk d h fd ] ¶eq>s vkKk gks r ks eSa vi uh pknj vt hr d s ' ko i j Mky nw¡Axq#nso us i wNk] ¶r qe bl i j ; g pknj D; ksa Mkyuk pkgr s gks A bl d s mÙkj esa og f' k"; ]HkkbZ n; k fl a?k ft ud k uke Fkk] d gus yxs & gs xq#nso ; g r ks vki d k csVk gS A bl i jxq#nso us mÙkj fn; k] ¶cl ; gh , d esjk csVk gS D; k \ os t ks ckd h ' kghn gq, gSa A esjscsVs ugha gSa D; k \ vxj r qeus bl i j pknj Mkyuh gS r ks Mkyks A i jUr q i gys essjs mu l Hkhf' k"; ksa i j Hkh Mkyks A ft Ugksaus ; gk¡ esjs , d b' kkjs i j v i us i zk. kksa d h vkgqfr ns nh A

t Qj % bl ?kVuk esa r ks j . k{ks=k d h d wVuhfr gS A d ksbZ vkSj ?kVuk cr kvks A t gk¡xq: us vi us f' k"; ksad h vkKk d k i kyu fd ; k gks A

{168}

vt hr % fl [ k fl ¼kar ksa esa d soy , d i zHkq d h gh mi kl uk i j fo' ks"k cy fn; k x; k gSAbl d s vfr fjDr nwl js b"Vksa d ks ekuuk vi jk/ ekuk t kr k gS A bl esa fo' ks"kd j e<+h el ku]i hjksa] Qd hjksa d h d czsa bR; kfn i j ueLd kj d juk r d oft Zr gS A

, d ckj xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h r Fkk mud s f' k"; , d LFkku l s xqt j jgs Fks A ml h jkLr sesa , d l ar nknw t h d h l ekf/ Fkh A t c os l ekf/ d s i kl l s xqt js r ks xq# xksfcUn fl a?kt h us vi us r hj l s l ar d h l ekf/ d h r jQ l SY; wV d j fn; k A ml l e; xq#nso d s f' k";pqi j gs A i jUr q vi us LFkku i j i gq¡pus i j mUgksaus xq#nso d s fo: ¼ i k¡p I; kjksa d s : i esaxqjer k cuk; k fd vkt xksfcUn fl a?k t hs us , d cgqr cM+k vi j k/ fd ; k gS A ft l d kmud ks n. M nsuk gS A cl fQj D; k Fkk A i k¡p I; kjs f' k"; ksa us mu i j yxk nks"k l qukk; kr Fkk mul s bl v i j k/ d k mÙkj ek¡xk A bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us d gk] ¶okLr o esa eSar qEgkjh i jh{kk ys jgk Fkk fd d gha esjk [ kkyl k HksM+pky r ks ugha pyus okyk A esjk [ kkyl kn<+ l ad Yi okyk gS A cl eSa ; gh ns[ kuk pkgr k Fkk A i jUr q eq>s vc i w. kZ fo' okl gks x; kgS fd t ks [ kkyl k eq>s xyr h d jus i j i d M+ ysr k gS cfYd esjh d h xbZ xyr h d k HksM+pkyd h r jg vuql j . k ugha d j r k A og [ kkyl k vc l Ei w.kZ gks pqd k gS A vc ml esa d ksbZ =kqVhugha jgh A i jUr q i k¡p I; kjs bl l QkbZ i j Hkh ugha ekus A mUgksaus xq#nso d ks l ok yk[ k: i ; s n. M nsus d ks d gk A ckn esa ; g n. M xq#nso us l g"kZ Lohd kj d j fy; k A

foDVj % ; g mnkgj . k Hkh / kfeZd nf"Vd ks. k d ks gh i zLr qr d j r k gS A d ksbZ vU;jkt uhfr d ?kVuk d k mYys[ k d jks A

vt hr % egkjkt k j . kt hr fl a?k t h d s t hou d h ?kVuk gS fd mUgksaus vi us t hou esa, d ckj Hkz"V vkpj . k d k i fjp; fn; k A og t Sl s gh i Fk Hkz"V gq, mud s gh l suki fr usmu i j Hkz"V vkpj. k d k vkjksi yxk; k A t c j . kt hr fl a?k us ; g vkjksi Lohdkj d j fy; kr ks mud ks njckj l kfgc (gfjefUnj ) ver l jksoj d s ckgj , d i sM+ d s l kFk ck¡/ fn; k x; kr Fkk l Hkh t ul k/ kj. k ds l keus d ksM+s yxk; s x; s A ; g dksM+ksa d k n.M nsus okys vd ky r [ rd s t RFksnkj vd kyh Qwyk fl a?k Fks A bl ?kVuk l s fl ¼ gksr k gS fd egkjkt k j . kt hr fl a?kd k ' kkl u Hkh r kuk' kkgh okyk ugha Fkk A mud s j kT; d s fu; e Hkh yksd r U=k i z. kkyh i jvk/ kfj r Fks A D; ksafd og vi us l s l oksZÙke ' kfDr i k¡p I; kjksa d ks gh ekur s Fks r Fkk vafr er Fkk okLr fod vkns' k i k¡p I; kjksa d s ; k xq#: i h l k/ &l axr d s gh ekus t kr s Fks A

{169}

foDVj % vt hr HkkbZ r qe t ks yksd r U=k ( i apk; r ) d h O; k[ ; k d j jgs gks og cgqrHkzkafr ; ka fy, gq, gS A D; ksafd r sjs d Fku d s vuql kj r qEgkjs xq#nso t h us i k¡p I; kjksa d ks d M+hi jh{kk d s ckn l ysDV fd ; k Fkk uk fd oksV Mkyd j pquk A bl d k l h/ k l k vFkZ gqvk fdr qEgkjh i aFkd i z. kkyh d k ewy Jksr l ysDl u gS u fd bysDl u A gk¡ ; g ckr vyx gS fdvki yksxksa d ks d qN LokfFkZ; ksa us Hkwy esa Mkyus d s fy, bl fl ¼kar d ks r ksM+&ejksM+ d jyksd r U=k d k uke nsd j d qfl Z; ksa d ks l Ùkk gfFk; kus ds fy, , d l k/ u d s : i esa i z; ksx fd ; kgS A ft l l s og Lo; a vuvf/ d kjh gksr s gq, Hkh r qEgkjs ; gk¡ d s / kfeZd LFkkuksa d s i z/ kucud j r qEgkjk usr Ùo d jr s gSa A i fj . kke Lo: i / eZ d ks cnuke d jus d s vfr fjDr mUgksausubZ i h<+h d ks i r u d h vksj / d sy fn; k gS A

vt hr % r qEgkjh ckr esa r F; r Fkk l R; gS A i jUr q yksd r U=k i z. kkyh r ks nqfu; k d hl oksZÙke i z. kkyh gS A

foDVj % vt hr HkkbZ ; g Hkh r qEgkjk d soy Hkze ek=k gh gS A

vt hr % og d Sl s \

foDVj % gj ped us okyh oLr q l ksuk ugha gksr h A fd l h i zd kj t ks fl ¼kar i <+us r Fkkl quus esa vPNs ekywe gksr s gSA A og t : jh ugha fd O; kogkfjd : i esa Hkh mr us gh vPNsgksa A mnkgj . k d s fy, ] eku yks vki yksx , d / kfeZd l aLFkk d k pquko d jokr s gSa r ksLoHkkfod gS fd ogk¡] os yksx Hkh Å¡ps i nksa i j vkl hu gksus d h gksM+ esa vk; saxs t ks vukf/d kjh r Fkk v; ksX; gSa vr % pquko t hr us d s fy, l Hkh vuqfpr d k; Z Hkh d jsaxs t ks fd r qEgkjhe; kZnk d s fo: ¼ gSa A vxj og cgqer i zkIr d j x, r ks d y d ks ; g ?kks"k. kk d j nsaxs fdvkt cgqer ' kjkfc; ksa d k gS A vr % os l axr d s fy, / kfeZd i zko/ ku eas l a' kks/ u d j d sbl s vFkksjkbZt + d j nsr s gSa r ks D; k eku yksxs \

vt hr % vki Bhd d gr s gSa A ' kk; n bl h =kqVh us gesa vkt d gha d k ugha j [ kk A ughar ks gekjs / kfeZd fl ¼kar ksa d k d bZ fons' kh cqf¼t hfo; ksa us vè; ; u d jd s bl s] bl oSKkfud; qx esa l oksZÙke cr k; k gS A i jUr q ge bl d s i zpkj esa cqjh r jg v l Qy gq, gSa A

{170}

foDVj % nsj vk; s] n: Lr vk; s A pyks d ksbZ ckr ugha vc Hkh l e; gS l EHkyks r Fkk, d ckr i Yys ck¡/ yks fd fd l h egÙoi w.kZ d ql hZ ds fy, ekuo l ekt esa l ysD' ku gh , dek=k mi k; gS bysD' ku ugha A

vt hr % bl l e; ekuo l ekt esa d kSu l h ' kkl u i ¼fr vPNh gS \

foDVj % yksd r U=k] l ekt okn] i w¡t hokn] jkt ' kkgh] bR; kfn] l Hkh d s vi uh&vi uhnf"V l s vPNs fl ¼kar gSa A Hkko t gk¡ vPNkbZ gksxh ogk¡ d qN , d cqjkbZ; k¡ Hkh gksaxh A i jUr qd soy , d ek=k l Qyr k fu"Bkoku r Fkk pfj=koku O; fDr ; ksa d s l Ùkk i j vkl hu gksus l s ghgS A ; g d soy l ysD' ku l s gh l EHko gS A bysD' ku l s d Hkh Hkh ugha A

vc czsd VkbZe l ekIr gks x; k Fkk A bl fy, goynkj est j us l hVh ct kbZ A ft l l sl Hkh Qkfyu gksd j od Z' kki esa pys x; s r Fkk Ýyksj bapkt Z us l Hkh d ks mud s d keksa esa ck¡Vfn; s A d qN gh l e; esa l q[ knso fl a?k] vt hr d s i kl vkr k gS fd ml d k bat u LVkVZ ghugha gks jgk A ml us l Hkh d qN r ks ns[ k Mkyk gS r Fkk nwl js yksxksa d ks Hkh fn[ kk pqdk gS A i jUr qd qN l e> esa ugha vk jgk A

vt hr % bat u d kSu l k gS \

l q[ knso % i zd hax ( i h&6) gS A

vt hr % pyks ns[ k ysr k gw¡ A bl bat u esa D; k&D; k r qeus fd ; k gS \

l q[ knso % l Hkh d qN r ks ns[ k pqd k gw¡ A ; gk¡ r d fd nwl js HkkbZ yksx Hkh nqckjk&nqckjkgj pht + pSd d j pqd s gSa A yxHkx l Hkh d qN u; k Mkyk gS A Q; wy bÛt Sd ' ku i Ei r FkkbÛt SDVl Z bR; kfn Hkh A bat u LVkVZ r ks gksuk pkfg, Hkys gh yksM u ys A

vt hr % Bhd gS A eSa Hkh pSd d jr k yw¡ A gks l d r k gS esjh l e> eas d qN vk t k, A

{171}

d qN l e; d h ns[ kj s[ k d s i ' pkr ~

vt hr % vkxs r ks r qeus Vkbfeax Bhd cka/ k gqvk gS A i jUr q fi Nys Hkkx esa Vkbfeaxjkx gks jgk gS A bl d fIayx , l SEcyh esa d gha xyr h gS A

l q[ knso % gk¡ ; g d fIayx d h i qjkuh IysfVax , l Scyh VwV xbZ Fkh A l ks eSaus ubZ Mkyh gSA

vt hr % ; g d fIayx cq' kVª d s vkxs d h gS A i jUr q i hNs okyh esa d qN fMxzh d k var jgksr k gS A cl ; g bat u bl hfy, LVkZV ugha gks jgk A

cl fQj D; k Fkk A l q[ knso fl a?k us og d fIayx , sl SEcyh i wjh gh ns[ kr s&ns[ kr s cnyMkyh r Fkk bat u r qjUr i gys gh l SYQ fLop nckus l s LVkVZ gks x; k A vc l Hkh d s psgjs i jg"kZ r Fkk mYykl d h ygj nkSM+ xbZ A

vt hr % ( l q[ knso d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s gq, ) gks t k; s fQj d qN A

l q[ knso % D; ksa ugha] D; ksa ugha A cksyks vt hr fl a?k d h t ; A

vt hr % vjs HkkbZ ! eSaus r qEgsa xyr & l yr ukjs yxkus d s fy, r ks ugha d gk gS A

l q[ knso % ukjkt + D; ksa gksr k gS A r qeus ekspkZ Qr sg fd ; k gS A bl fy, ukjs Hkh yxsaxsgh A

vt hr % ukjs esa t ; fd l h l k/ kj . k O; fDr d h ugha cksyh t kr h A

l q[ knso % r ks fd l d h t ; cksyh t k; s \

vt hr % ; g Hkh cr kuk i M+sxk \ t ; l nSo fd l h vej ' kfDr d h gh cksyh t kr h gSAt Sl k ge yksx gj ckr d s fy, i zHkq d h t ; cqykr s gSa A ge yksx d gr s gSa ¶okfgxq: t hd k [ kkyl k_ okfgxq: t h d h Qr sg A

l q[ knso % i jUr q ; gk¡ bl vn~Hkqr ukjs d h D; k t +: j r gS \ ; g d ke r ks r qeus fd ; kgS A bl fy, t ; r qEgkjh cksyh t k; sxh A

{172}

vt hr % fQj ogh ckr A eSaus t ks d ke fd ; k gS A ml d s fy, eq>s ; g vd y] fnyfnekx fd l us fn; k gS A ml i zHkq us A r ks ml i zHkq d h gh bl esa t ; gS A

l q[ knso % og r ks Bhd gS A l Hkh d qN i zHkq d k gh gS A i jUr q ge yksx fd l h fo' ks"kd k; Z d jus i j usr kx. kksa d h t ; cksyr s r ks gSa A

vt hr % ; fn ge vi uh t ; cqyk; saxs r ks gekjs esa vfHkeku r Fkk vgad kj i zofÙk vkt k; sxh t ksfd gekjs i r u d k d kj . k cusxh A

l q[ knso % r qeus t ks ukjk cr k; k gS A ; g ukjk r ks / kfeZd gS A

vt hr % cSl s r ks bl ukjs esa d ksbZ / kfeZd ckr ugha gS A pyks mPpkj . k d h nf"V l sr qe bl s / kfeZd ukjk d gr s gks r ks Bhd gS A ; gk¡ r qe Hkkj r ekr k d h t ; d gks ; k t ;t oku t ; fd l ku dgks A

jRu % okfgxq: t h d k [ kkyl k_ okfgxq: t h d h Qr sg d k D; k vFkZ gqvk \

vt hr % xq# }kjk vVy ; k vej ' kfDr d k Kku gksr k gS A xq# ml ' kfDr d s gksusd k cks/ d jkr k gS A ft l d ks xq# vej ; k vVy ' kfDr cr k; s og okfg$xq# vFkkZr xq#}kjk cr k; k x; k ¾ okfgxq: ] [ kkyl k ' kCn d k vFkZ gS [ kkyl vFkkZr fo' kq¼ ¾ t ks O; fDreu r Fkk vkRek l s ' kq¼ vkpj . k O; ogkj okyk gS og [ kkyl k A

okfgxq: t h d k [ kkyl k ¾ os vPNs vkpj . k O; ogkj r Fkk vPNs t hou pfj=k okysO; fDr i zHkq d s gSa A D; ksafd ; s yksx i zHkq d ks eu esa cl kd j i zR; sd d k; Z d jr s gSa A okfgxq:t h d h Qr sg vFkkZr bu yksxksa }kjk fd ; s x; s d keksa d k Js; i zHkqq d ks gh gS A bud h t hr; k Qr sg i zHkq d h vi uh Qr sg gS A vFkkZr okfgxq: t h d k [ kkyl k okfgxq: t h d h Qr sg¾ vPNs euq"; ksa }kjk fd ; k x; k d k; Z i zHkq d k vi uk d k; Z gS A

l q[ knso % vPNk vHkh ge d kSu l k ukjk cksys \

vt hr % t ks r sjs d ks vPNk yxs A

l q[ knso % vej pht + d kSu l h gS \

{173}

vt hr % ge yksxksa d s fy, t c r d ; g ekuo l ekt jgsxk A r c r d Hkkjr ekr kvej jgs ; g gekjh dkeuk jgsxh r ks Hkkjr ekr k d h t ; Hkh Bhd gS ; k r qe t ; t oku] t ;fd l ku Hkh d g l d r s gks A

l q[ knso % D; k t oku r Fkk fd l ku vej gS \

vt hr % ft l ns' k d s t oku r Fkk fd l ku ' kfDr ' kkyh gSa A og ns' k vej gS A bl fy,t oku r Fkk fd l ku Hkh vej gS A bl h ckr d ks xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us Hkh vi us ' kCnksa esabl i zd kj d gk gS & nsx] r sx] Qr sg A vFkkZr nsx ¾ yaxj ] r sx ¾ r yokj A ft l ns' kesa yaxj vFkkZr vukt d h d eh ugha r Fkk r sx vFkkZr r yokj / kjh ; ks¼kvksa d h d eh ugha Aogk¡ Qr sg gh Qr sg gS vFkkZr og ns' k d Hkh xqyke ugha gks l d r k A og ns' k l nk Lor U=kjgsxk A

bu nksuksa ukjksa esa yxHkx l ekur k gS A i jUr q l e; d s vuql kj ' kCnkoyh esa var j vkx; k gS A er yc ; g gS fd vkt l s 300 o"kZ i gys xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us vi uh nwj nf"Vd s vuql kj gesa , d ukjk fn; k A i jUr q ge ml d ks Hkwy x; s r Fkk d k; Z: i ugha ns i k; s Abl hfy, ge d qN l e; d s fy, xqyke cu x; s Fks A

jRu % vFkZ ; g gqvk fd nsx] r sx] Qr sg r Fkk t ; t oku] t ; fd l ku dk HkkokFkZ , dgh gS A i jUr q ' kCnkoyh esa var j gksus d s d kj . k ' kCn vFkks± esa d qN var j gS A

vkt vd Lekr l e; l s i gys gokynkj est j l hVh ct kr k gS A l hVh d h vkoktl qud j l Hkh yksx vi uh&vi uh ?kfM+; k¡ ns[ kr s gSa i jUr q vHkh r ks l ok ckjg Hkh ugha ct s t cfdeè; kUr j r ks , d ct s gksr k gS A bl i j LkHkh Qkfyu gksus d s fy, bd V~Bk gks t kr s gSa A

goynkj est j l Hkh d ks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, d gr k gS A u; s fu; eksa d s vUr jxr vkil cd ks ; s u; s QkeZ Hkjus gS bl esa vki yksx vi uk mÙkjkf/ d kjh fu; qDr d jsxsa ; fn d ksbZnq?kZVuk gksr h gS ; k d ksbZ ' kghn gks t kr k gS r ks ml d ks r qjUr i sal u d s vfr fjDr eqvkot +k Hkhfn; k t k l d s vr % vHkh ; s QkeZ r qjUr Hkjd j nsa A bl i j l Hkh QkeZ ysd j Hkjus ' kq: d jnsr s gSa A i jUr q QkeZ esa cgqr l s d kWye , sl s gS ft l d s Hkjus ds fy, mud ks l e>uk vko' ; d

{174}

gS l Hkh , d &nwl js l s fopkj&foe' kZ d jus yxr s gSa A bu d kWyeksa esa , d l Ei znk; d kd kWye Hkh gS A bl d kWye d ks l Hkh us vi uh&vi uh l kEi znkf; d ekU; r k d s vuql kj Hkjfn; k gS A i jUr q xqjesy fl a?k nqfo/ k esa gS fd og D; k Hkjs \ D; ksafd og fo' okl r ks fl [ ki aFk esa d j r k gS i jUr q ml us cky fgj ksi u esa d Vok j [ ks gSa vr % og bl d kWye esafl [ k@fgUnw fy[ kr k gS A ; g ns[ kd j l Hkh l kFkh ml d h g¡l h mM+kr s gSa vkSj d gr s gSa fd r wvkj gS uk i kj ; kfu chp (ea>/ kj ) esa [ kM+k gS A og >si r s gq, vt hr d s i kl vkr k gS vkSji wNr k gS eSa D; k fy[ kw¡ A bl l s i gys fd vt hr mÙkj ns l q[ knso ml d ks l q>ko nsr k gS fdr w l gt / kjh fl [ k fy[ k ns A bl i j vt hr d gr k gS & ugha HkkbZ ! r w i fr r fl [ k fy[ kns r kfd l cd ks ekywe gks t k; s fd t oku xq# l s cseq[ k gS A r Hkh fot ; i wNr k gS & D; kQd Z i M+r k gS fl [ k o fgUnw d k] cl , d gh ckr gS r qe vi us vki d ks fgUnq gh fy[ k nksAml h l e; vt hr d gr k gS & Qd Z r ks t hou vkSj eR; q d k gS A fot ; i wNr k gS & ogd Sl s \ bl i j vt hr , sfr gkfl d ?kVuk d k foLr kj i woZd o. kZu d jr k gS A

vt hr % ckr l u~ 1716 d h gS A xqjnkl uaxy d h x<+h (NksVk fd yk) esa l s cUnkfl a?k cgknqj d ks ?ksjs esa ys ysus i j ml d k 700 l Sfud ksa d s l kFk r Rd kyhu eqxy ckn' kkgQ: [ kl h; j }kjk i d M+ fy; k x; k r Fkk ckn esa fnYyh d s yky fd ys esa mud ks ' kghn d j fn; kx; k A cr k; k t kr k gS fd mud h l a[ ; k ml l e; yxHkx 700 Fkh A bu l Sfud ksa i jQ: [ kl h; j us cgqr vekuoh; vR; kpkj fd ; s r Fkk mu i j gj i zd kj l s nckc Mkyk fd oseql yeku gks t k, ¡ A i jUr q os fl [ k&l Sfud vi us i zk. kksa d h r ks vkgqfr ns x; s A i jUr q muesal s , d us Hkh {kek d s cnys eas eql yeku cuuk Lohdkj ugha fd ; k A bl ckr d k i zek.k mll e; d s bZLV bf.M; k d Ei uh d s jkt nwr }kjk fyf[ kr , d i =k l s feyr k gS t ks fd ml usvi uh d Ei uh d s eq[ ; ky; d yd Ùkk esa bl vnHkqr ?kVuk Øe d ks ns[ kus ds i ' pkr ~~ fy[ kkFkk A ; g i =k d Ei uh }kjk yaMu Hkst fn; k x; k Fkk A mUgksaus bl fofp=k ?kVuk d ks l axzgky;esa l qj f{kr j [ kk Fkk i jUr q Lor U=kr k d s i ' pkr ~~ ; g i =k yaMu d s l axzgky; us f' kjkse. kh xq#}kjki zca/ d d esVh d ks mi gkj Lo: i HksV esa ns fn; k ft l s fl [ k jSÝjsUl ykbZczsjh esa j [ kk gqvk gSA?kVuk d k fooj . k bl i zd kj gS µ

{175}

¶, d o¼ efgyk Q: [ kl h; j ckn' kkg d s i kl cgqr jksr h&d qjykr h gqbZ i gq¡ph A ogml d s i kl Qfj; kn d jr h gqbZ cksyh fd t ks 700 fl [ k l Sfud ml us i d M+s gSa A ml esa ml d kyM+d k Hkh gS A ft l d h vk; q yxHkx 18 o"kZ d h gS A og okLr o esa fl [ k ugha gS A i jUr qjkst +xkj d h i zkfIr d s fopkj l s fl [ k l suk eas Hkjr h gks x; k gS A bl fy, ml i j n; k d jr sgq, ml d ks NksM+ fn; k t k; s A Q: [ kl h; j us ; g l kspr s gq, fd pyks d ksbZ r ks vi us i zk. kksad h {kek ek¡xus yxk gS r Fkk ml d h ek¡ ml d s fl [ k gksus l s eqd j jgh gS A pyks bu 700esa l s , d d ks fl D[ kh l s eqd jus i j NksM+ nsr k gw¡ A bl l s ckd h d k eukscy VwV t k; sxkAQ: [ kl h; j us ml ; qod dks vi us i kl cqyk; k r Fkk d gk] ¶eSa r qEgsa ekQ d jr k gw¡ A D; ksafdr sjh ek¡ d k d guk gS fd r qe fl [ k ugha gks A ; g l qud j og ; qod cksyk] ¶; g cqf<+; kesjh ek¡ gh ugha gS t ks eq>s xq# l s cseq[ k gksus d ks d gr h gS A eSa fl [ k gw¡ r Fkk i Dd k fl [ kgw¡ A eSa vi us ckd h l kfFk; ksa d s l kFk gh ' kghn gksuk Lohd kj d : ¡xk A ; fn NksM+uk gh gS r ksge l Hkh d ks fcuk fd l h ' kr Z d s NksM+ nks A bl d Bksj mÙkj d ks l qud j ml o¼ efgykus ml yM+d s d ks cgqr l e>kus d k i z; Ru fd ; k fd og ml d k bd ykSr k yM+d k gS r Fkkuo&uosyh nqYgu ml d h jkg ns[ k jgh gSA i jUr q og ; qod / qu d k i Dd k] vi us xq# i jvi kj J¼k j [ kr s gq, ' kghn gks x; k A

vc [ kkus d k l e; gks x; k Fkk A l Hkh yksxksa d h fuxkgsa ?kM+h d h l qbZ i j fVd h gqbZ Fkhr Fkk d ku goynkj est j d h l hVh d h èofu d h r jQ A r Hkh l hVh d k Loj l qur s gh l Hkht oku ; qfuV ykbu d h r jQ py i M+r s gSa A l Hkh t Ynh l s [ kkuk [ kkus d h d ksf' k' k esa gSaAD; ksafd [ kkuk [ kkus d s i ' pkr ~~ l Hkh yksx FkksM+k vkjke d juk pkgr s gSa A D; ksafd l e; d egS A nqckjk od Z' kki t kuk gS A ; g fe=k eaMyh t Ynh gh [ kkuk [ kkd j vi uh cSfjd esa oki lvi us&vi us foLr j i j vkjke d jus yxr s gSa A r Hkh t Qj d qN l kspr s gq, l ekpkj i =kesa Ni s , d u; s l kEi znkf; d >xM+s d s fo"k; esa vt hr l s i z' u i wNr k gS A

t Qj % vt hr Hkb; k] r qe cqjk ugha ekuuk A , d i z' u i wN jgk gw¡ A r qe fujad kjhgks ; k vd kyh \

{176}

vt hr % nksuksa gh A

t Qj % D; k er yc \

vt hr % fujad kjh d k vFkZ gS og O; fDr t ks l oZO; ki d i zHkq d ks ekus ft l d k d ksbZvkd kj ugha gS A vFkkZr fujkd kj ¾ fuj$vkd kj A ft l d h i fjHkk"kk Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgcesa bl i zd kj gS µ

: i q u j s[ k u j axq fd Nq f=kgq xq. k r s i zHk fHkau AA i "B üøý

vc eSa vki d ks vd kyh d h i fjHkk"kk cr kr k gw¡ A d ky ¾ l e; ; k ekSr A v$d ky¾ l e; ; k ekSr j fgr A

vd ky ¾ vej ] vVy] l oZeku l R; ' kfDr t ks t Ue ugha ysr h A ft l d h d Hkh eR; qugha gksr h vFkkZr vej ' kfDr A

vej ] vVy] l oZeku l R; ¾ i zHkq ; k bZ' oj A

vd kyh vFkkZr og yksx t ks vej vVy r Fkk l oZeku l R; bZ' oj d ks ekur s gSa A

eqyr % nksuksa ' kCnksa esa i zHkq d k cks/ gh gS A bl fy, eSa nksuksa gh gw¡ A

t Qj % r qe yksxksa esa br us er Hksn D; kas gSa \

vt hr % bl d s fy, r qEgsa r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa d h i "BHkwfe l e>kuh i Ms+xh A

egkjkt k j . kt hr fl a?k d s l e; esa , d egki q: "k gq, gSa ft ud k uke HkkbZ n; ky fl a?kt h Fkk A t c mud h vk; q 16 o"kZ d h Fkh r ks ekr k t h us vafr e l e; ml d s yM+d s n; kyfl a?k d ks cqyk; k r Fkk d gus yxh] ¶csVk ns[ kks eSaus r qEgsa bl fy, fl [ k cuk; k gS fd r qel ekt esa vk jgh d qjhfr ; ksa d s fo: ¼ l a?k"kZ d jks r Fkk r qe fd l h i zd kj d s d eZ d kaM] oge~]i k[ kaM , oa vkMacj esa fo' okl ugha d juk A r qEgkjs fy, vkè; kfRed Kku d k , dek=k HkaMkjJh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh gS A bl d s vfr fjDr fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k d ks Hkwyd j Hkhvkè; kfRed Kku d k xq# ugha ekuuk A mud ks vi uh ekr k d s vafr e mi ns' k us , d

{177}

uot hou i znku fd ; k r Fkk mud s t hou eas vn~Hkqr d k; Z d jus d k l ad Yi ys fy; k A r cmUgksaus vi uh , d eaMyh cukbZ r Fkk Lo; a eaMyh ds l apkyu ds : i esa d k; Z d jus yxs A mleaMyh d k eq[ ; mns' ; Fkk yksxksa d ks fujkd kj i zHkq d h mi kl uk d h r jQ i zsfj r d juk A ogewfr Z i wt k r Fkk fd l h ' kjhj / kj . k fd ; s gq, O; fDr fo' ks"k d ks xq# ekuus d s fojks/ esa vkanksyupyk jgs Fks A mud k d guk Fkk fd ; fn d ksbZ vkè; kfRed xq# gS r ks d soy , d ek=k Jhxq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh] ft l esa Hkkj r d s l Hkh i zkar ksa d s egki q: "kksa d h ok. kh gS A t ks l Hkhoxks± r Fkk l Hkh Jsf. k; ksa d s yksxksa d s fy, gS A ft l esa d ksbZ HksnHkko ugha j [ kk x; k A ogfu%LokFkZ ekuor k d s fy, j ph xbZ gS A ft l esa u d ksbZ Å¡p gS u d ksbZ uhp gS A d soyvkRek r Fkk i jekRek d h ckr d gh xbZ gS A ogh ok. kh l Hkh ekuo t kr h d k i Fk i zn' kZu d jl d r h gS A bl fy, Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh gh xq# gks l d r h gS A vr % fd l h vkSjLFkku i j HkVd us d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha gS A

mud k , d ukjk Fkk µ

l kj h l axr t i ks / U; fuj ad kj A

t ks nsg/ kj h xq: eaus vksg gks; xk [ kqokj AA

; gh ckck n; ky fl a?k t h ml l e; l Hkh fl [ k oxZ esa cgqr vknj r Fkk l Rdkj dh nf"Vl s t kus t kr s Fks A bl fy, yksx bud ks fujad kjh ckck d gus yxs A vc mud s vuq; kf; ; ksad h l a[ ; k cgqr cM+h gks xbZ Fkh A r c mUgksaus i f' peh i ¡t kc d s d bZ uxjksa esa vi uh eaMfy; k¡LFkkfi r d j yh Fkha A ft l d s og Lo; a t RFksnkj Fks A mu fnuksa egkjkt k j . kt hr fl a?k usmud h i zfl f¼ l qud j mud s i s' kkoj okys xq#}kjs r Fkk yaxj d s uke , d t kxhj ns nh Ai jUr q mUgksaus og Lohd kj ugha d h A ckn esa d qN i zeq[ k yksxksa d s d gus i j r Fkk j . kt hrfl a?k d s vf/ d vkxzg d jus i j mUgksaus og t kxhj Lohd kj d j yh A mud s nsgkar d si ' pkr ~ mud s i q=k njckjk fl a?k t h fujadkjh us fujad kjh eaMyh dk l apkyu i zkjEHk d j fn; kAml d s i ' pkr ~ mud s HkkbZ jÙkkey t h us eaMyh d k usr Ro vkjaHk d j fn; k A vc eaMyh d kd kQh foLr kj gks pqd k Fkk r Fkk fujad kjh eaMyh fczfV' k d ky esa i ¡t kc Hkj esa i k[ kaMksa]vkMacjksa] d eZd k¡Mksa] : <+hoknh fopkj / kjkvksa r Fkk dqjhfr ; ksa d s fo: ¼ vkanksyu pykus d s fy,i zfl f¼ i k pqd h Fkh A mu fnuksa Lor a=kr k vkanksyu Hkh t +ksj ksa i j Fkk A bl fy, l Hkh

{178}

jkt uhfr K ml e.Myh d h l gk; r k i zkIr d juk pkgr s Fks D; ksafd mu fnuksa i f' peh i ¡t kcesa mud s yxHkx 60 l s vf/ d vkJe Fks r Fkk yksxksa d h nf"V esa mud k cgqr eku l Rd kjFkk A bl fy, fujad kjh eaMyh d s l apkyd jÙkkey t h d ks f' kjkse. kh xq#}kjk i zca/ d d esVhd s l nL; d s : i esa pquk x; k A mUgksaus ml l e; xq#}kjk , sDV i kl d jokus esa cgar cM+k; ksxnku fn; k A mud s i ' pkr ~ ckck xqj fnÙkk fl a?k t h t ks fd bl h i fjokj d s gh Fks] eaMyhd s l apkyd cus A bUgksaus vi uh eaMyh d ks i qu% t RFkscan fd ; k r Fkk vi us vki d ks t RFksnkjd gykus yxs A , d ckj d h ?kVuk gS fd ckck xqj fnÙkk t h jkoyfi aMh d s vi us vkJe esad hr Zu njckj d k l apkyu d j jgs Fks r ks mud s t RFks d s , d l nL; us ' kjkc i h gqbZ Fkh Aft l d k uke cwVk fl a?k Fkk A mud s fl ¼kar ksa esa ' kjkc r Fkk ekal l sou d juk l [ r euk gSAt c mudks ekywe gqvk fd cwVk fl a?k l Hkh d qN t kur s gq, ' kjkc fi ; s gq, gS r ks mUgksaus r qjUrvkns' k fn; k fd cwVk fl a?k dks / Dd s ekjd j l nk d s fy, vkJe l s ckgj fud ky nks D; ksafdml d ks i gys Hkh ml h xyr h i j cgqr d qN l e>k; k t k pqd k gS A r c D; k Fkk A d qNl nL; ksa us cwVk fl a?k d ks [ kwc i hVk r Fkk ml d k vi eku fd ; k t ks og l gu ugha d j i k; k Aml us ml h l e; ?kks"k. kk d j nh fd eSa vi uk fuajd kjh eaMy cukÅ¡xk r Fkk mu yksxksa l s mlvi eku d k cnyk ysxk A ; gh cwVk fl a?k i zFke fo' o ; q¼ d s l e; fczfV' k l suk d h fl [ kjsft es.V esa Hkr hZ gks x; k Fkk A fl [ k jsft esUV eaas Hkr hZ gksus d s d kj . k ogha i j d hr Zu d jukl h[ k fy; k Fkk A i zd fr l s mi gkj Lo: i bl d ks xyk Hkh l qjhyk feyk Fkk A d qN bl d ksd hr Zu d jus esa Hkh : fp Fkh A l ks ogha i j bl us xkus d k vPNk vH; kl d j fy; k Fkk Ai jUr q cgqr t Ynh l suk l s d ksVZ ek' kZy d s var xZr cwVk fl a?k d ks fMLpkt Z d j fn; k x; k FkkAr c cwVk fl a?k jkst +h&jksVh d h r yk' k esa xksjs l Sfud ksa d s d SEi ksa esa t kd j mud s gkFkksa i jcsycwVs Nki us d k d k; Z d jus yxk Fkk A ogha i j xksjs l Sfud ksa l s bl s ' kjkc r Fkk ekal [ kkusd h vknr i M+ xbZ Fkh A

vc og vi uh vyx l s eaMyh cukus d s pDd j esa ?kweus yxk A i jUr q jkoyfi aMh d sLFkkuh; yksx ml d ks vPNh r jg t kur s Fks A vr % ogk¡ ml d h nky ugha xyh A bl ckrd s fy, ml us vi uh ek¡ r Fkk i Ruh i j cgqr nckc Mkyk fd os nksuksa t u&l k/ kj . k esa , sl ki zpkj d jas fd ml esa d qN vykSfd d ' kfDr ; k¡ vk x; h gS A i jUr q os cwVk fl a?k d s >kal s esaugha vk; ha A bl fy, og i s' kkoj pyk x; k A ogk¡ ml d ks , d O; fDr vor kj fl a?k feyk

{179}

t ks fd i s' kkoj esa McyjksVh cukus d k d ke d j r k Fkk A mu nksuksa d h vki l h HksaV Hkh , dbÙkQkd Fkh A , d fnu cwVk fl a?k eS[ kkus esa cSBk i h jgk Fkk fd l keus okyh cSapksa i j , dnwl j k fl [ k ; qod Hkh ml s ogk¡ i hr s gq, fn[ kkbZ i M+k A og ; qod v i us l kfFk; ksa l sl qjk&l qUnjh d h ckr sa cgqr vfHkeku Hkjs vankt esa d j jgk Fkk fd og ft l ; qor h i j gkFk/ j nsr k gS og ml d s fy, nhokuh gks t kr h gS A bl i j ml d s l kFkh d kSr qgyo' k ml l s i wNusyxs] ¶; kj r qeesa , sl h d kSu l h ckr gS A ml us u' ks d s vankt esa cr k; k] ¶eSa ukj ho' khd j . k ea=k t kur k gw¡ A ; g l qur s gh cwVk fl a?k ml ; qod ] ft l d k uke vor kj fl a?kFkk r Fkk McyjksVh cukus d k d ke d jr k Fkk d s i hNs gks fy; k] D; ksafd cwVk fl a?k , d , sl s ghl kFkh d h r yk' k eas Fkk A i jUr q vor kj fl a?k d ksbZ fo' ks"k i <+k fy[ kk ugha Fkk A og fl [ kfl ¼kar ksa r Fkk Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d s fo"k; esa Hkh d ksbZ fo' ks"k t kud kjh ugha j [ kr k Fkk Ad soy eupyk r Fkk pr qj vo' ; Fkk A nwl jh r jQ cwVk fl a?k fujad kjh eaMy d k l nL; jgpqd us d s d kj . k l Hkh d qN t kur k Fkk A okLr o esa cwVk fl a?k d ks Hkwr i woZ l Sfud gksus d sd kj . k ' kjkc d h yr i M+h gqbZ Fkh r Fkk og Hkh eu d k jaxhyk Fkk A bl fy, cwVk fl a?k usvor kj fl a?k d ks vi us l kFk feykus d k i z; Ru fd ; k A ft l esa og l Qy gks x; k r Fkk munksuksa us feyd j , d ; kst uk cuk Mkyh fd og ml ss vi us xq# : i esa yksxksa esa i zpkj d js Afo' ks"kd j fL=k; ksa d ks vi uh r kaf=kd fo| k d s o' khd j . k ea=kksa l s cgyk&Qql ykd j yk, AD; ksafd vf/ d ka' k fL=k; k¡ va/ fo' okl h gksr h gSa r Fkk t Ynh r kaf=kd ksa i j vi uh J¼k HkfDri zd V d j nsr h gSa r Fkk og xq: ok. kh vkSj vU; j hfr & fjokt ksa d ks t kur k gS vkSj ogl k/ w&l U; kl h] ½f"k] eqfu r Fkk xq# gksus d k Lokax jpsxk r Fkk l kFk gh mu yksxksa d ks mi ns' knsuk ' kq: d j nsxk A , sl h ; kst uk cukd j mu yksxksa us t Ynh gh bl d k; ZØe d ks O; ogkfjd: i nsuk ' kq: d j fn; k A Hkksyh&Hkkyh t ur k r kaf=kd o' khd j . k ea=k d s d kj . k r Fkk / ks[ ksHkjh] bu yksxksa d h HkfDr Hkkouk; sa ns[ kd j LoHkkfod gh mud s paxqy esa Qal us yxh r Fkkt Ynh gh mud k / a/ k py fudyk A vor kj fl a?k us cwVk fl a?k d ks xq# d gyokus d h fof/l h[ k yh r Fkk xq: ok. kh d k FkksM+k l k vH; kl d j fy; k A mUgha fnuksa f}r h; fo' o ; q¼ t ksjksai j Fkk bl fy, mu yksxksa us fons' k x; s gq, l Sfud ksa d h i fRu; ksa i j vi uk t ky fcNkuk ' kq:d j fn; k] D; ksafd os vi us i fr ; ksa d h oki l h d h eaxy d keuk d s fy, i hjksa Qd hjksa d h r jQt Ynh gh vxzfl r gks t kr h Fkha A bl l s mu yksxksa d k / a/ k vkSj vf/ d py fud yk A i jUr q

{180}

t Ynh gh cwVk fl a?k d ks i j ukjh xeu d s d kj . k l wt +kd (oh-Mh-) jksx gks x; k A bl Hk; ad jjksx d k cwVk fl a?k us d wejh uked LFkku i j cgqr bykt + d jok; k i jUr q ogh i j l u 1943esa ml d h eR; q gks xbZ A r c vor kj fl a?k Lo; a xq# d gyokus yxk A vc vor kj fl a?kl aHky x; k r Fkk ml d s i kl r kaf=kd fo| k gksus d s d kj . k ; g xq# d gyokus r Fkk yksxksa l s /u cVksjus d s fy, l Qy gksus yxk A i jUr q i f' peh i ¡t kc esa ml d ks d ksbZ c<+kok ugha feyi k; k] D; ksafd ogk¡ d s yksx d V~Vj i aFkh Fks A t Ynh gh Hkkjr d ks Lor U=kr k fey xbZ A bl l svor kj fl a?k fnYyh vk x; k r Fkk ; gk¡ i j ml us fQj vi us vki d ks fujad kjh xq# d gykuk' kq: d j fn; k A ; gk¡ d s yksx bl d s Hkwr i woZ bfr gkl l s vufHkK Fks r Fkk og fl D[ kksa vkSjmud h i jEi jkvksa] fl a¼kr ksa d s fo"k; esa d ksbZ fo' ks"k t kud kjh ugha j [ kr s Fks A vr % ml d svuq; kbZ; ksa d h l a[ ; k c<+us yxh A i jUr q t Sl s gh ml d s vuq; kf; vksa d h l a[ ; k c<+r h xbZ oSl sgh ml esa vi us d ks xq# d gyokus d k eksg c<+r k x; k A i gys r ks vor kj fl a?k yksxksa d sl Eeq[ k Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h gh ok.kh i <+r s r Fkk l qukr s Fks r Fkk xq: ok. kh dk gh i zpkj d jr sFks A og t gk¡ Hkh t kr s Fks Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d ks vi us l kFk gh j [ kr s r Fkk yksx bu nsg/kjh xq: vksa d s l kFk&l kFk Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc t h d h ok.kh d ks Hkh ' kh' k >qd kr s A i jUr q mUgksausl u~ 1950 esa , d cgqr cM+k i fjor Zu d j fy; k A r c ml us ?kks"k. kk d j nh fd vc mld ks Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha gS A D; ksafd og Lo; a xq# gS A ml l e;, sl k d jus okys O; fDr Fks] ; gh vor kj fl a?k A bl ?kks"k. kk d h cgqr r hoz i zfr fØ; k gqbZ Avc d V~Vj i aFkh fl D[ kksa esa r Fkk d fFkr fujad kjh xq: vksa esa [ kqyd j er Hksn l keus vk x; s Avc nksuksa i afFk; ksa esa f[ kapko jgus yxk A vc r Fkkd fFkr fujad kjh xq# vor kj fl a?k us yksxksad ks vi uh r jQ vkd "V d jus d s fy, pkj ewy fl [ k fl ¼kar ksa d ks Bqd jk fn; k r Fkk ?kks"k.kkd j nh fd ml ds ; gk¡ fd l h Hkh i zdkj dk dksbZ ca/ u ugha gS A bl l s ml d h l a[ ; k c<+us yxhD; ksafd uo ; qod u' ks fo' ks d h NwV d s fy, O; kd qy Fks gh A t Sl s gh ukt k; t + ; kSul aca/ ksa] r Eckdw l sou] jkseksa d h csvnch r Fkk >Vd s l s i zfr ca/ gVk r ks fl D[ kksa us r Fkkd fFkrfujad kjh d gyokus okykssa l s ukr k r ksM+ fy; k A r c mu yksxksa d k d ksbZ fl ¼kar r ks gksr k ughaFkk t ks yksxksa d s vkM+s vk; s A fo' ks"kd j l SDl i zseh bl r jQ cgqr vf/ d vkd f"kZr gq, At Sl s&t Sl s mu xq#vksa d s vuq; kf; ; ksa d h l a[ ; k c<+us yxh oSl s&oSl s gh mu xq: vksa d k mRl kgc<+r k x; k A / hjs&/ hjs bUgksaus mud h eux<+r d for k; sa r Fkk r qd canh }kjk jpuk, ¡ cukuh

{181}

' kq: d j nha A ft l esa mu yksxksa us nwl js l Ei znk; d s yksxksa r Fkk mud s fl ¼kar ksa d h fuank ' kq:d j nh A ckn eas mu d for kvksa d ks , d fd r kc d s : i esa i zd kf' kr d jokd j ml d k ukevor kj ok. kh* j [ kk r Fkk ml h d ks vi uh / kfeZd i qLr d d h l aKk ns nh A ml r Fkkd fFkrvor kj ok. kh esa i ¡t kch d s i zfl ¼ d fo fo/ kr k fl a?k r hj d h gh vf/ d ka' k jpuk, ¡ gSa D; ksafdml d fo us Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc dh ok. kh i j vk/ kfjr gh dqN jpuk, as i k¡p yk[ k : i ; s ysd jfy[ k nh Fkh A ml i qLr d d h d qN eq[ ; d for kvksa esa t ks mu xq: vksa r Fkk muds r Fkkd fFkrHkDr t uksa }kjk j fpr gS muesa xq# xksfcan fl a?k t h }kjk vi us f' k"; ksa d ks ver / kj . k d jkusr Fkk mud s pkj ewy fl ¼kar ksa d h d M+h vkykspuk d h xbZ gS A ft l l s fl D[ kksa esa jks"k QSyukLoHkkfod gh Fkk A t c fujad kjh xq# vor kj fl a?k d s nsgkar d s i ' pkr ~ r Fkkd fFkr fujad kjhd gyokus okys r Fkk mud s xq# xq: cpu fl a?k] t ksfd vor kj fl a?k d k yM+d k gS fl [ ki fjHkk"kk l s d gha nwj t k pqd s Fkk A bl fy, fl [ k yksx bud k gj LFkku i j cfg"d kj d jusyxs Fks A okLr o esa cfg"d kj d jus d k eq[ ; d kj . k mu yksxksa }kjk fl D[ kksa d h i jEi jk r Fkkjhfr fjokt ksa dk i zxVkok d jds yksxksa dks vi uh r jQ vkd f"kZr d juk A d gus d k r kRi ; Z ; ggS fd t Sl s eafnj r Fkk efLt n d h mi kl uk i z. kkfy; ksa esa d ksbZ l ekur k ugha gS A ml h i zd kjmu nksuksa esa i Fkd r k Li "V gS A i jUr q r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa us yksxksa d ks Hkwy esa Mkyus d sfy, ckd h l Hkh ckr ksa r Fkk mi kl uk i z. kkfy; ksa d s fn[ kkos esa fl D[ kksa d h gh ud y ' kq: d j nhAt cfd os ewy fl [ k fl ¼kr ksa r Fkk xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d h fuank d j r s gSa A ckr ; gha i jl ekIr ugha gksr h A r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa us Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h jpukvksa d s vFkks± d kvuFkZ d juk ' kq: d j fn; k gS A Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h d qN fo' ks"k jpukvksa d ks mUgksausvi uk mYyw l h/ k d jus d s fy, i z; ksx d juk ' kq: d j fn; k gS t ks fd Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgcd k cgqr cM+k vi eku gS A cl fl D[ kksa r Fkk r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa esa ; gha l s >xM+k i zkjEHkgksr k gS A

t Qj % D; k vl yh fujad kfj ; ksa d s l kFk Hkh mud k er Hksn gS \

vt hr % okLr o esa Lor a=kr k d s i ' pkr ~ yxHkx l Hkh vkJe t ks fujad kjh eaMy d s Fks]mud h l a[ ; k yxHkx 60 cr kbZ t kr h gS] og i f' peh i ¡t kc esa ; k i kfd Lr ku esa gh jg x; sAi wohZ i ¡t kc esa mud h l a[ ; k u d s cjkcj Fkh A l ks foHkkt u d s i ' pkr ~ okLr fod fujad kjh

{182}

eaMy d s l nL; fc[ kj d j jg x; s A mud s i k¡posa t RFksnkj ghjk fl a?k t h Fks ft ud k nsgkarpaMhx<+ esa l u~ 1970 esa gqvk Fkk A

t Qj % vkt +knh d s 30&32 o"kZ esa gh mu ud yh fujad kfj ; ksa us br uh i zxfr d Sl s d jyh \

vt hr % Lor a=kr k d s i ' pkr ~ cgqr yksx cckZn gks x; s Fks A vr % vf/ d ka' k ' kj . kkFkhZ]d ksbZ l gkjs d h r yk' k esa fnYyh t Sl s uxjksa esa HkVd jgs Fks A r c os t kyl kt yksx mu nhunq%[ kh yksxksa d ks bd V~Bk d jds vi us Hkk"k. kksa l s mud ks / kfeZd l gkuqHkwfr i znf' kZr d jr s r Fkkd gr s fd os l c ?kVuk, ¡ ml d qnj r d k [ ksy Fkh bR; kfn A nq%[ kh yksxksa d ks , sl h ckr ksa l sd qN l kaRouk feyr h A r Hkh i ¡t kc esa i ¡t kch Hkk"kkbZ i zkar cukus d h ek¡x t +ksj i d M+us yxhAr c l jd kj us ml ekax d k neu d jus d s fy, ] QkM+ks r Fkk ' kkl u d jks d h uhfr vi ukbZAt okgj yky usg: us l e; d k ykHk mBkr s gq, vd kyh r Fkk r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa d ser Hksn d ks i gpkuk vkSj vor kj fl a?k d ks d gk fd vki vd kfy; ksa d h Hkk"kk i j vk/ kfj ri zkar d h ekax d k vi us vuq; kf; ; ksa l fgr fojks/ d jks A bl d s cnys esa fnYyh esa cgqr cM+kHkw&Hkkx feV~Vh d s Hkko esa mud ks ns fn; k ft l i j vkt fujad kjh d kWyksuh cl h gqbZ gS A vcr Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa d ks jkt uhfr d ' kj . k i zkIr gks pqd h Fkh A vr % og vor kj fl a?kfons' kksa esa ?kweus yxk A mUgha fnuksa vejhd k t Sl s ns' kksa esa ogk¡ d s ukxfjd fl [ k cuus yxsAmu fl [ k cuus okyksa eas ogk¡ d s mPp r Fkk l ai Uu l e¼ i fjokjksa d s l nL; vf/ d Fks ft l l sfØ' p; u l ksl kbZfV; ksa esa , d gypy ep xbZ A os yksx ; g l kspus i j et cwj gksus yxs fdvkf[ kj ckr D; k gS \ t c os d ej r ksM+ esgur l s i zpkj d jr s gSa r Fkk d jksM+ksa Mkyj [ kpZd j r s gSa r c Hkh gekjs i zpkj d k d ksbZ i zHkko ugha i M+r k A t cfd fl D[ kksa d s i zpkj esa d qNHkh ugha [ kpZ fd ; k t kr k r Fkk ; g i zpkj gekjs gh ?kj esa cqf¼t hfo; ksa d s r Fkk mPpd ksfV d si fjokjksa esa cgqr l Qyr k l s l Qy gks jgk gS A t ks yksx fl [ k cur s Fks mud s t hou esa Hkh, d Økafr d kjh i fjor Zu Li "V fn[ kkbZ nsus yxk Fkk A bu l c i fj fLFkfr ; ksa d ks ns[ kr s gq,fØ' p; u l ksl kbfV; k¡ cgqr fpafr r jgus yxha fd fd l h u fd l h i zdkj fl D[ kksa d s i zpkj dksjksd k t k; s A r Hkh mu yksxksa d ks vor kj fl a?k] vk' kk d h fd j . k d s : i esa fn[ kkbZ fn; k t ksfl [ k os' k esa fl D[ kksa d k d Vw vkykspd Fkk r Fkk ml d s fl ¼kar fl D[ kksa d s fcYd qy foi jhr

{183}

gksr s gq, Hkh og fl D[ kksa okyh , sfDaVx d jr k Fkk A vr % mUgksaus vor kj fl a?k d ks d jksM+ksa MkWyjfl D[ kh d s fo: ¼ i zpkj d jus d s fy, fn, A nwl jh r jQ dE; qfuLV : l Hkh i ¡t kc esa vi uhjkt uhfr d ' kfDr c<+kus d s bjkns esa vl Qy jgk r Fkk os Hkh l kspus i j et cwj gks x, fdfl D[ kksa d s jgr s i ¡t kc esa d E; qfuLVksa d h fot ; ugha gks l d r h r Fkk ogk¡ d E; qfut +e ughayk; k t k l d r k A vr % fl D[ kksa d h ' kfDr {kh. k d jus d s fy, fd l h fl [ k fojks/ h ' kfDrd ks vkfFkZd l gk; r k nsuh pkfg, t ksfd mUgksaus vor kj fl a?k d ks fl [ k fojks/ h t ku d j nhA

bl d s i ' pkr ~~ l u~ 1968 esa vor kj fl a?k , d Hk; ad j jksx ft l d ks fd je jksx d gr s gSal s i hfM+r gksd j ej x; k A bl ?kVuk d s i ' pkr ~~ vor kj fl a?k d k yM+d k xq: cpu fl a?kvi us fi r k d h xn~nh l aHkky cSBk A

foDVj % vHkh fujad kfj ; ksa d h fd r uh l a[ ; k gksxh \

vt hr % r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa d s vuql kj bud h l a[ ; k , d d jksM+ d s yxHkx gSi jUr q okLr o esa bud h l a[ ; k i k¡p yk[ k l s Åi j ugha gS A

t Qj % og d Sl s \

vt hr % okLr o esa ckr ; g gS fd r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksa d k d ksbZ fo' ks"k fl ¼kar ughagS r Fkk u gh bud k d ksbZ fo' ks"k fpUg gh gS A bl fy, bud k d ksbZ t hou fl ¼kar ugha gSAbl fy, bud k d ksbZ t hou pfj=k Hkh ugha gksr k A t ks yksx vi us vkpj . k l s fxj t kr s gSaos bu Mxexkr s gq, yksxksa d s pqaxy esa vk t kr s gSa A t ks , d ckj bud s l Ei d Z esa vk x; kA; s yksx ml s vi uk vuq; k; h eku ysr s gSa A Hkys gh og vi uk mYyw l h/ k d jus ; k bu yksxksad k r ek' kk ns[ kus vk; k gks A ; s yksx , d nwl js d s i kao Nwr s gSa A bl ckr d s fy, ; g vk; q]vkSjr ] enZ ; k fj ' r s ukr s d k d ksbZ fopkj ugha d jr s A mnkgj. k d s fy, ; s yksx vkeus l keus[ kM+s gks t kr s gSa r Fkk , d nwl js d s i k¡o Nwr s gSa A , sl k d jr s l e; ; fn fi r k d s l keus ml d hcsVh [ kM+h gks r ks fi r k csVh d s i kao Nw, axk A ; fn l l qj d s l keus cgw [ kM+h gks r ks og Hkh , dnwl js d s i kao Nw; saxs A ; fn , sl k d jr s l e; i fr d s l keus i Ruh [ kM+h gks r ks Hkh og , d&nwl jsd s i kao Nw, axs A d gus d k r kRi ; Z ; g gS fd r Fkkd fFkr fujad kjh Hkouksa esa l Hkh uj&ukjh, d &nwl js d s i kao Nwr s gSa r Fkk , d &nwl js d k t wBk Hkh [ kk; saxs A t cfd oSKkfud nf"V

{184}

l s fcuk l ksps l e>s fcuk t kus i gpkus , d &nwl js d k t wBk [ kkuk cgqr gkfud kjd gS AD; k ekywe fd l d ks d kSu l k jksx gks \

bl ds vfr fjDr ; qod ; qofr ; k¡ vi uh&vi uh d keokl uk d h i wfr Z d s fy, bu Hkouksaesa vki l esa , d &nwl js l s [ kqyd j feyus d k vkuan mBkr s gSa D; ksafd r Fkkd fFkr fujad kfj ; ksad s er d s vuql kj l Hkh ekuo l ekt esa nks t kfr ; k¡ gSa & , d uj r Fkk nwl jh ukjh A bl fy,d ksbZ fj ' r k ukr k ugha gS r Fkk u gh d ksbZ vk; q l s NksVk cM+k gS A bl fy, eu d h l ar qf"Vd s fy, fd l h l s Hkh l aca/ j [ ks t k l d r s gSa A

t Qj % ; kj vt hr D; k eSa fujad kjh ugha cu l d r k \

vt hr % D; ksa ugha] r qe r ks vi uk mYyw l h/ k d jus d s fy, gh fujad kjh cuksxs A eul s r ks ugha A

t Qj % og r ks gS gh A vPNk r ks ; g cr k vxj eSa fujad kjh cu t kÅ¡ r ks fujad kjhHkouksa esa gj yM+d h l s eqgCcr d jus d h NwV gksxh \

vt hr % gk¡ A

t Qj % okg] okg A

vt hr % eSa Hkh r ks ; gh d g jgk Fkk fd bud h l a[ ; k okLr o esa mr uh gS ugha t ks ; syksx cr kr s gSa A D; ksafd vf/ d ka' k yksx l SDl d s pDd j esa bud s l ai d Z esa vk x; s gSa AokLr o esa os vol joknh yksx gh gSa A bl d s fy, ; g d gkor ; gk¡ fcYd qy Bhd jgsxh &

¶er ych yksx fd l d s AA Hkkr [ kkbZ vkSj f[ kl d s AA

fot ; % r sjk d guk Bhd gS i jUr q vkus okyh t ux. kUkk esa bud h l a[ ; k d jksM+ksa eas i gq¡pgh t k; sxh A

vt hr % r qe bl ckr d k vuqeku bl ckr l s yxk l d r s gks A ge vi uh i wjh ; qfuVd k l osZ{k. k d j r s gSa fd gekjh ; qfuV esa fd r us r Fkkd fFkr fujad kjh gSa A

{185}

fot ; % eSaus r ks v i uh ; qfuV esa , d Hkh ugha ns[ kk A

vt hr % vc ; g cr kvks fd ; qfuV esa fl [ k fd r us gSa \

fot ; % yxHkx 10 i zfr ' kr fl [ k yksx gSa A

vt hr % okLr o esa ; g yksx vol joknh r Fkk vfLr Roghu yksx gSa A D; ksafd bud sukeksa l s ; k fd l h fpUg l s bUgsa i gpkuk ugha t k l d r k r Fkk u gh bud k d ksbZ fo' ks"k fl ¼kar; k d ksbZ i jEi jk gh gS ft l l s bud ks t kuk t k, A

t Qj % D; k bud h vkus okys l e; esa l a[ ; k ugha c<+sxh \

vt hr % D; ksa ugha c<+sxh A r sjs t Sl s vol joknh yksx bud h l a[ ; k esa c<+ksÙkjh d jsaxsAi jUr q l ad Vd ky vkr s gh l c d qN ogha i j NksM+ Hkkx [ kM+s gksaxs A

t Qj % og d Sl s \

vt hr % t Sl k fd eSa i gys Hkh vki d ks cr k pqd k gw¡ fd gekjs ukSosa xq# r sx cgknqj t hus d ' ehjh i afMr ksa d s vuqjks/ i j fgUnqRo t usÅ r Fkk fr yd d h j {kk gsr q vi us i zk. kksa d hvkgqfr eqxy ckn' kkg vkSjaxt +sc d h uhfr ; ksa d s fojks/ esa ns nh A r c xq#nso d k ' kh' k mud k, d fud Vor hZ f' k"; ysd j i ¡t kc d s vkuani qj l kfgc esa i gq¡p x; k A i jUr q mud k ' kjhjogha i M+k jgk A Hk; ds ekjs ogk¡ l Hkh fgUnq n' kZd cud j ns[ kr s jgs A i jUr q fd l h d ks l kglugha gqvk fd ft l egku xq# us mud s fy, vi us i zk. kksa d h vkgqfr nh vFkkZr mud s fr yd, oa t usÅ¡ d h j {kk d j r s gq, mud s l Ei znk; d ks Mwcus l s cpk fy; k ml xq# d k vafr el aLd kj d jsa A r c vkSjaxt +sc us ogk¡ i j i gjk cSBk fn; k r Fkk equknh d jok nh fd gS d ksbZxq# d k fl [ k t ks vi us xq# d h vaR; sf"V fØ; k d js A bl yyd kj d s ckn Hkh d ksbZ Li "V: i esa l keus ugha vk; k A ckn esa d qN cat kjs yksx t ks xq# t h d s f' k"; Fks] t c fnYyhpk¡nuh pkSd esa vk¡/ h py jgh Fkh r ks og vi uh cSyxkfM+; ksa esa xq#nso d s ' ko d ks ys x; s r FkkmUgksaus pqi d s l s xq#nso d s ' kjhj d ks vi uh >ksai M+h; ksa d s Hkhr j gh t yk fn; k A t c bl?kVuk d k xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d ks ekywe gqvk r ks mud ks cgqr nq%[ k gqvk fd ft u yksxksad s fy, mud s fi r k us vi uk cfynku fn; k og yksx mud s ' kjhj d k vafr e l aLd kj d jus

{186}

d s fy, Hkh l keus ugha vk; s r Fkk mud k ' kjhj pk¡nuh pkSd esa gh i M+k jgk A bl ckr d ksmUgksaus cgqr xaHkhjr k l s fy; k r Fkk r qjUr fu. kZ; fd ; k fd os , sl s cqt +fny f' k"; ksa d k xq# ughad gyokuk pkgr s A r Hkh mUgksaus v i us f' k"; ksa esa , d ubZ psr uk ykus d s fy, d qNØkfUr d kjh i fjor Zu ykus d h Bku yh A vc mUgksaus vi us f' k"; ksa d s u; s Lo: i d h d Yi ukd h r Fkk mud h i gpku d s fy, i k¡p fpUg cuk; s & d s' k] d M+k] d PNgjk] d i k. k vkSjd a?kkA bu f' k"; ksa d s fy, pkj l w=kh d k; ZØe cuk; k vFkkZr bl d s var xZr mUgksaus vi usf' k"; ksa d ks ver / kj . k d jok; k A okLr o esa ver / kj . k d juk bu pkj fl ¼kar ksa d s i kyud s fy, ' ki Fk xzg. k d juk gS A vc xq#nso d s f' k"; mud h fo' ks"k d Yi uk d s vuql kj gksx; s Fks A t Sl s gh xq#nso d s f' k"; ksa d h os' kHkw"kk es ØkfUr d kjh i fjor Zu fn[ kkbZ nsus yxk r cl sxq#nso d s f' k"; ksa esa ekufl d r Fkk vkfRed cy esa Hkh ØkfUr d kjh i fjor Zu gks x; k A vcxq#nso d s f' k"; ksa us vi us d ks l axfBr r Fkk t RFkscan d j fy; k r Fkk os vi uh fo' ks"k os' kHkw"kk(t ksfd i zd fr }kjk mi gkj Lo: i fojkl r esa feyh gqbZ Fkh) esa vn~Hkqr fn[ kkbZ nsr s Fks ft l l sog yk[ kksa nwl j s yksxksa esa Hkh cgqr vkl kuh l s i gpkus t kr s gSa A

esjk ; g l c d qN dgus d k vFkZ ; g Fkk fd ft l i zd kj vol joknh d ' ehjh i afMr ksa usxq: t h d s cfynku d k ykHk r ks mBk; k] i jUr q mu i j l ad V ds l e; mud s ' ko d k vafr el aLd kj d jus d ks l keus ugha vk; s A l Hkh Hkkx [ kM+s gq, A i jUr q t c xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t hus v i us f' k"; ksa esa , d ØkfUr d kjh i fjor Zu fd ; k r ks ogh f' k"; gj {k. k xq# d s b' kkjs i jvi uk t hou U; kSNkoj d jus d ks r S; kj jgus yxs A

t Qj % d ksbZ , sl k mnkgj . k cr kvks \

vt hr % t c xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h pedkSj l kfgc d h d Pph gosyh esa ; q¼ d s i ' pkr ~, d nks NqVi qV eqxy l sukvksa d s l kFk >M+i ksa esa l Qy gksr s gq, l kcks d h r yoaMh* (ft ykcfBaMk) i gq¡ps r ks ogk¡ d k t kxhjnkj MYyk] xq#nso dk cgqr cM+k J¼kyq Fkk A bl fy, ml usxq#nso d ks vi us ; gk¡ Bgjk; k A vc d bZ vl Qyr kvksa d s d kj . k eqxy l suk us xq#nso d ki hNk NksM+ fn; k Fkk A vc j kt k MYyk xq#nso d ks mud s yM+d ksa d s ; q¼ esa ' kghn gksus i j' kksd i zd V d jus yxk A ' kksd i zd V d j r s gq, og xq#nso l s d gus yxk & gs xq#nso !; fn vki us ; q¼ d s l e; ml s ; kn fd ; k gksr k r ks og vi uh l Hkh l suk, ¡ ysd j vki d h

{187}

l gk; r k ds fy, i gq¡p t kr k A ft l l s mud s csVs ' kghn u gksr s A ns[ kks u bl l suk d s t okufd r us ohj ; ks¼s gSa A , d l s c<+d j , d gS A bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us d gk & MYyk] i zHkqd k gqDe gh , sl k Fkk A i jUr q HkkbZ MYyk us bl ckr phr d s i ' pkr ~ Hkh xq#nso l s d bZ ckjbl h i zdkj dh ckr phr d h A og gj ckj vi uh l suk ds t okuksa dh i z' kal k d jr k r Fkk xq: nsol s d gr k fd d k' k vki us ml s l ad Vd ky esa ; kn d j fy; k gksr k r ks og j . k{ks=k eas mud hl gk; r k d s fy, vk t kr k ft l l s mud s yM+d s ' kghn gksus l s cp t kr s A i gys r ks xq# t hml d h ckr d ks i zHkq d k gqDe d gd j Vky nsr s Fks A i jUr q og vkSj vf/ d v i uh r Fkkvi us l Sfud ksa d h i z' kal k d juk ' kq: d j nsr k Fkk A vr % xq#nso us d gk] ¶MYyk] vPNk fQjd Hkh ge r qEgkjs t okuksa r Fkk r qEgkjh i jh{kk ysaxs A r Hkh xq: nso d k , d f' k"; t ks d ghacgqr nwj l s xq#nso d s n' kZuksa d ks vk; k Fkk] us , d l qUnj cUnwd xq#nso d ks HkasV d h A mlcUnwd d ks ns[ kd j xq#nso cgqr i zl Uu gq, r Fkk d gus yxs fd ml cUnwd d s fu' kkus d hi jh{kk d juh gS r Fkk ml d h ?kkr d ' kfDr d ks Hkh t k¡puk gS A vPNk r ks MYyk vki vi us, d ukSt oku d ks Hkst ks ft l i j os fu' kkuk yxkd j ml cUnwd d h ' kfDr ns[ k l d s fd ogfd r uh ?kkr d gS A vc MYyk bad kj ugha d j l d k A og vi us l Sfudksa d h cSfjd ksa esa i gq¡pkr Fkk ogk¡ i j l Hkh l Sfud ksa r Fkk l suki fr d ks xq#nso d k gqDe l quk; k fd mud ks , d cUnwdd h ?kkr d r k d h i jh{kk d s fy, , d t oku d h t +: j r gS A gS d ksbZ t ks vi us vki d ks mld ke d s fy, i zLr qr d js A bl i j l Hkh l Sfud ksa d k , d Vwd mÙkj Fkk fd fd l h ; q¼{ks=kesa r ks nks gkFk ns[ ksaxs] nks fn[ kk; saxs] i jUr q vupkgh ekSr fcuk yM+s&ejs os xksyh d k fu' kkukugha cuuk pkgr s A bl i j MYyk fujk' k gksd j oki l ykSV vk; k A ; g ns[ k xq#nso d gusyxs] ¶vPNk MYyk r sjk d ksbZ Hkh l Sfud r sjh ckr ugha ekur k r ks Bhd gS r qe Lo; a gh gekjhcUnwd d s i jh{k. k d s fy, vi us vki d ks i zLr qr d j nks A i jUr q ; g l qu MYyk ?kcjk x; kr Fkk d gus yxk] ¶l kfgc eSa d Sl s ej t kÅ¡ \ esjs i hNs esjs jkt i kV d k D; k gksxk \ vHkhr ks eSaus nqfu; k esa ns[ kk gh D; k gS \ ¸ ; g l qu xq#nso us d gk] ¶vPNk MYyk r qe , sl k d jksgekjs Msjs i j pys t kvks ns[ kks ogk¡ i j esjs f' k"; gksaxs A mud ks cr kvks fd xq#nso us cUnwdd h i j h{kk d j uh gS A bl fy, ml d k fu' kkuk cuus d s fy, d soy , d f' k"; d hvko' ; d r k gS A MYyk gqDe ekud j xq#nso d s yaxj d h r jQ pyk x; k A ogk¡ xq#nsod s nks f' k"; yaxj d h l sok d j jgs Fks t ks vki l esa cki &csVk Fks A r Hkh HkkbZ MYyk us mud ks

{188}

xq#nso d k gqDe l quk; k A ; g l qur s gh cki &csVk nksuksa Hkkxd j xq#nso d s i kl i gq¡p x; sAml l e; fi r k d s gkFk vkVs l s l us gq, Fks r Fkk i q=k i xM+h yi sVr k gqvk vk; k Fkk A i q=k; qokoLFkk esa Fkk l ks Hkkxd j t Ynh i gq¡p x; k A i jUr q fi r k xq#nso l s d gus yxk] ¶gsxq#nso ! eSaus vki d k gqDe i gys l quk gS r Fkk bl s ckn esa eSaus cr k; k gS A bl fy, esjk gdgS fd vki eq>s gh fu' kkuk cuk; sa A i jUr q i q=k d k r d Z Fkk fd og mud s i kl i gys i gq¡pkgS bl fy, ml s fu' kkuk cuk; k t k, A bl i j xq#nso d gus yxs] ¶nksuksa , d d r kj ck¡/ d j[ kM+s gks t kvks A bl i j i q=k vkxs r Fkk fi r k i hNs [ kM+s gkss x, A i jUr q fi r k d k d nd qN NksVk Fkk A bl fy, ml us vi us i k¡o d s uhps bZVsa j [ k yh r Hkh xq#nso us cUnwd d hukyh FkksM+h l h nwl jh r jQ d j nh A os nksuksa Hkkx d j fQj uyh d h l h/ esa [ kM+s gks x; s Ar Hkh xq#nso us uyh d k eq¡g fQj ?kqek fn; k A ; g ns[ kd j os yksx fQj uyh d h l h/ esa vkx; s A xq: nos bl h i zd kj uyh d k eq¡g ckj&ckj ?kqek nsr s r ks os yksx Hkkxd j fQj l s canwdd h ukyh d h l h/ eas [ kM+s gksus d k i z; Ru d j r s A var eaas xq#nso us gok esa xksyh pyk nhr Fkk d gk] ¶ns[ k HkkbZ MYyk ; s esjs f' k"; gh esjs l Sfud gSa ft u i j eq>s xoZ gS A ; s esjs fy,vi uk l eLr U; kSNkoj d j l d r s gSa A bUgha d s cy i j eSaus ped kSj l kfgc r Fkk nwl js {ks=kksaesa ; q¼ yM+s gSa A ; s esjh cUnwd d s l keus , sl s ukp jgs Fks t Sl s l k¡i chu d h èofu i j ukpr kgS A bUgha ohj r Fkk l kgl h ; ks¼kvksa i j eq>s ukt + gS A i jUr q r sjs l Sfud ksa esa r ks , d Hkh ufud yk t ks r sjk gqDe eku l d s A

bl n"Vkar d s l ekIr gksr s gh eè; kar j d k l e; l ekIr gks t kr k gS A r Hkh gokynkjest j d h l hVh d h èofu i j l Hkh Qkfyu gksd j od Z' kki esa vi us&vi us d ke esa t qV t kr sgSa i jUr q eghus d h vk[ kjh r kjh[ k gksus l s l Hkh t okuksa d ks osr u feyuk gS A vr % goynkjest j yxHkx Ms< ?kaVs i ' pkr ~~ gh fQj l s l Hkh d ks Qkfyu d j ysr k gS r Fkk l cd ks osr ud k; kZy; d s i kl cSBus d ks d gr k gS A ckjh&ckjh l Hkh osr u ysr s gSa A i jUr q t okuksa d hl a[ ; k vf/ d gksus d s d kj . k bl fe=k eaMyh d h ckjh esa nsjh Fkh A D; ksafd osr u jSad r FkkVªsM d s vuql kj fn; k t k jgk Fkk A

foDVj % ukSd jh r ks vQl j yksxksa d h gS A ge r ks xqykeksa d s xqyke gSa \

t Qj % D; k gks x; k gS r qEgsa \

{189}

foDVj % ge yksx d M+k i fjJe d jr s gSa A i jUr q osr u r Fkk l q[ k l qfo/ k; sa fd r uh d egSa A ; s vQl j yksx gSa A bud h pk¡nh gh pk¡nh gS A bu yksxksa d k osr u r Fkk l q[ k l qfo/k; sa gel s d gha vf/ d gSa r Fkk ; s ge i j euekuk ' kkl u d j r s gSa A

t Qj % fd ; k Hkh D; k t k l d r k gS ; g r ks fd Ler d k [ ksy gS A

foDVj % eSa fd Ler &foLer d ks ugha ekur k A ; g gekjs ns' k d h uhfr ; ksa esa =kqfV; ksad s d kj . k gS A vQl j r Fkk t okuksa d s chp esa br uh cM+h [ kkbZ vkt d s ; qx esa fd l h Hkhfod fl r ns' k esa gS gh ugha A ogk¡ vQl j t oku d soy M; wVh d s l e; r d gh gS A ' ks"kl q[ k l qfo/ k; sa l eku ghs gksr h gSa A

t Qj % ; g Hkh r ks gekjh fd Ler d k [ ksy gS fd vYykg&fe; ka us gesa fod kl ' khy ns' kesa t Ue fn; k gS A

foDVj % fQj ogh ckr A vYykg&fe; ka d s pDd j d ks NksM+ks, vYykg fe; ka us gesafn; k Hkh D; k gS fl QZ xqykeh d s cxSj \

vt hr % fn; k r ks cgqr d qN gS i jUr q r qEgkjh vk¡[ ksa gh ugha gSa t ks i zHkq d s mi gkjksa d ksns[ k l d ks a

foDVj % r qe r ks gks gh fd Ler d s xqyke A bl fy, r qEgkjs l s ckr d juk gh csd kjgS A

vt hr % eSa fd Ler d k xqyke ugha gw¡ A eSa r ks i q: "kkFkZ esa fo' okl j [ kr k gw¡ A i jUr qr qe r ks d E; qfuLVksa r Fkk ukfLr d ksa t Sl h ckr sa d j jgs gks A

foDVj % eSaus d ksbZ ukfLr d ksa ; k d E; qfuLVksa okyh ckr ugha d h A eSa r ks gd r FkkbUl kQ d h ckr d j jgk Fkk fd gesa Hkh nwl js l Sfud ksa t Sl k oSyQs; j feyuk pkfg, A

vt hr % gj ns' k d h vyx&vyx l eL; k gS A Bhd oSl s gh t Sl s gekjs ; gk¡ ?kjksa d hvyx&vyx l eL; k, ¡ gksr h gSa A t Sl s ge yksx vi uh vko' ; d r k d s vuql kj vi us ?kjksad h O; oLFkk d j r s gSa A , sl s gh gekjs ns' k d h l eL; kvksa d s vuql kj gekjs ns' k d s l Sfud

{190}

l axBuksa d h Hkh O; oLFkk d h xbZ gS A bl esa bUl kQ r Fkk gd d h D; k ckr gS \

foDVj % r ks r qEgkjk er yc gS eSa Hkh fd Ler esa fo' okl d jus yxw¡ A

vt hr % r qe d guk D; k pkgr s gks \

foDVj % Lor a=kr k l s i gys ge fl QZ vaxzst ksa d s xqyke Fks A i jUr q vc ge xqykeksa d sxqyke gSa A cl ; gh gesa vYykg fe; ka us fn; k gS A

vt hr % r qEgkjh ckr l qud j eq>s , d l R; ?kVuk ; kn vkr h gS µ

r qEgkjh r jg , d ; qod i zHkq d ks [ kwc d ksl r k Fkk fd ml s i zHkq us xjhch d s fl ok; d qNugha fn; k A , d fnu og vi uh xjhch l s r ax vkd j vkRegR; k d jus py i M+k A t Sl s ghog ykgkSj uxj d s ckgj jkoh unh esa d wnk r ks ml d s gko&Hkko ns[ kus okys O; fDr us t kufy; k fd ml us vkRegR; k d k i z; kl fd ; k gS A og O; fDr r qjUr unh l s ml Mwcr s gq,; qod d ks fud ky yk; k A r c og ; qod ml O; fDr l s d gus yxk fd ml us ml s D; ksacpk; kA ml s ejus D; ksa ugha fn; k A ml O; fDr us ml ; qod l s i wNk] ¶r qe ejuk D; ksa pkgr sgks \ ¸ bl i j og ; qod cksyk] ¶eq>s i zHkq us d qN ugha fn; k fl ok; xjhch d s A eSa xjhchl s r ax vk pqd k gw¡ A bl fy, ejuk pkgr k gw¡ A ; g l qud j ml O; fDr us d gk] ¶eSa r qel s , d l kSnk d j r k gw¡ A eSa r qEgsa eq¡g ek¡xk buke nw¡xk ; fn r qe eq>s vi uh d soy , d nk; havk¡[ k ns nks r ks eSa r qEgsa yk[ kksa : i ; s ns nw¡xk A ; g ckr l qud j ; qod pd jk x; k A , d r jQyk[ kksa : i ; s] eq¡g ekaxk / u r Fkk nwl jh r jQ , d vk¡[ k A vc og xaHkhj r k l s l kspus yxkfd vxj og vk¡[ k nsus d s fy, gk¡ d gr k gS r ks fcuk vk¡[ k d s og : i ; ksa d ks D; k d jsxk Ad qN {k. k l kspus d s i ' pkr ~ ; qod us vi uh , d vk¡[ k nsus l s bad kj d j fn; k A ; qod d sbad kj d ks l qud j ml O; fDr us d gk] ¶vHkh&vHkh r ks r qe vi us l eLr ' kjhj d ks u"Vd j jgs Fks fd eSa xjhc gw¡ A i zHkq us eq>s d qN ugha fn; k A t c eSa r qEgsa yk[ kksa : i ; s d soy, d vk¡[ k d s cnys ns jgk gw¡ r ks r qe esjh bl ckr d ks Lohd kj ugha d j jgs A bl i j ; qodus d gk] ¶vk¡[ k d s fcuk eSaus : i ; ksa d k D; k d juk gS A r c og O; fDr d gus yxk]¶ns[ kks] eSaus r qEgkjh , d vk¡[ k d h d her yk[ kksa : i ; s yxk; h gS A i jUr q , d r qe gks fdcsp gh ugha jgs gks r Fkk l kFk esa ; g Hkh d gr s fQj r s gks fd Hkxoku us eq>s d qN fn; k gh

{191}

ugha A ft l i zHkq us r qEgsa br uk l qUnj ' kjhj fn; k gS ml d s fy, r qe vd r K gks A r qEgkjk' kjhj r ks vewY; gS A ml ' kjhj d s eSaus] , d NksVs l s vax d h d her yk[ kksa : i ; s Mkyh gSA cr kvks ; g i wjk ' kjhj fd r uk d her h gksxk A ; g l qud j ; qod d ks Kku gks x; k r Fkkog vi uh Hkwy d k i zk; f' pr d jus yxk A ; g O; fDr Fks] egkjkt k j . kt hr fl a?k t ks fdml l e; vi uh os' kHkw"kk cnyd j vi uh i zt k d s nq%[ k l q[ k ns[ kus d s fy, ?kwe jgs Fks A

foDVj % vt hr r qe ckr d ks l e>r s gks ugha r Fkk fr y d k r kM+ cuk fn; k gS A esjki zHkq l s d ksbZ fxyk&f' kd ok ugha gS A eSa r ks vi us ns' k d h ukSd j ' kkgh d s fo: ¼ ckr d j jgkFkk A

vt hr % r qEgsa i gys ekywe gksuk pkfg, fd r qe fl fofy; u ugha gks t ks i jksi ksxaMk d jksA; gk¡ r qEgsa , d l Sfud gksus d s ukr s l Hkh i zd kj d h l Sfud O; oLFkk l s l e>kSr k d juk i M+sxkA

foDVj % eSa ; g l Hkh d qN t kur k gw¡ A i jUr q eSa ; g pkgr k gw¡ fd t ks l Sfud fu; efczfV' k l e; d s gSa vc muesa l e; r Fkk i fj fLFkfr ; ksa d s vk/ kj i j i fjor Zu ; k l a' kks/ u gksukgh pkfg, A D; ksafd vaxzst ksa us fu; e ; gk¡ xqykeksa d s neu d s fy, cuk; s Fks A i jUr q vc; gk¡ l Hkh Lor U=k gSa A bl fy, bl ns' k d h Lor U=k l suk d ks Lor U=k Hkkj r esa d qN vPNsfu; e l s l apkyu d juk pkfg, A

vt hr % gk¡ ; g ckr r ks r qEgkjh Bhd gS A fczfV' k d ky d h l suk r Fkk bl l e; d hl suk esa l Sfud i fj fLFkfr ; ksa d s vuql kj l a' kks/ u gksuk gh pkfg, D; ksafd vaxzst ] Hkkj r h;l Sfud ksa d ks , d vkVkseSfVd e' khujh d s : i eas i z; ksx d juk pkgr s Fks A vFkkZr l SfudyM+kd w r Fkk gqDe ekuus okyk gks i jUr q ml d s i kl vi uk fnekx ; k vi us fopkj u gksa (, dvkVkseSfVd e' khu d h r jg) A bl fy, og vui <+ r Fkk nsgkr h ; qod ksa d ks gh Hkr hZ d j r sFks A fo' ks"kd j xksj [ kk l Sfud ksa d ks] D; ksafd ; s yksx mud s vuqd wy yM+kd w gqDe ekuus okys]oQknkj r Fkk fopkjghu gqvk d j r s Fks A i jUr q vc Lor U=k Hkkj r d h l suk d k d ksbZ Hkht oku vf' kf{kr ugha gS A vFkkZr l suk esa Hkr hZ d s fy, nl oha r d d h f' k{kk d h ; ksX; r kvko' ; d gS A

{192}

foDVj % vc t gk¡ gj r jQ t kxfr d k nkSj py jgk gS r ks ge gh i hNs D; ksa jgsa \

r Hkh osr u d s fy, bu yksxksa d h Hkh ckjh vk t kr h gS r Fkk os yksx osr u ysus d s fy,pys t kr s gSa A osr u ysd j l Hkh yksx cSfjd ksa esa i gq¡pr s gSa A

l q[ knso % gs jc t h] Hkst ks fpV~Bh; ka A , d ugha] nks ugha] i k¡p&l kr bd fB; ka A

fot ; % D; k ckr gS HkkbZ ! cM+s csr kc gks jgs gks \

l q[ knso % jk[ kh d k R; kSgkj gS ?kj l s Mkd ugha vkbZ A

foDVj % HkkbZ D; ksa v/ hj gksr s gks] jksyd ky d k l e; gks jgk gS cl vkt r qEgkjh Mkdt : j vk, xh A

r Hkh jksyd ky esa goynkj&est j l Hkh d ks Mkd ckVr s gS ft l esa vf/ d ka' k i =kksa esajkf[ k; k¡ vk; ha ekywe gksr h gSa A l q[ knso r Fkk fot ; d ks jk[ kh Hkjs i =k i zkIr gksr s gSa ft l l sos Qwys ugha l ekr s A

l q[ knso % vt hr r qEgkjh d ksbZ j k[ kh ugha vkbZ] D; k d kj . k gS \

vt hr % esjs fy, jk[ kh d Hkh ugha vk, xh A

fot ; % og D; ksa \ D; k r qEgkjh cfgu r qe l s ukjkt gS \

vt hr % ugha ; kj ] ; g ckr ugha A okLr o eas og cgqr gh LokfHkekuh (v. k[ khyh) gSAml d k ekuuk gS fd og Lo; a vi uh l qj {kk d j l d r h gS D; ksafd og vcyk ugha l cyk gSAdkj. k ; g fd ml us ver / kj. k d j fy; k gS ft l l s og ' kL=k / kj. k d jr h gS ml d k dgukgS fd og i q: "kksa d s vkxs vi uh l qj {kk d h Hkh[ k D; ksa ekaxsa t cfd og vkRe fuHkZj gS A osr ks nwl jksa d h l qj {kk d h xkjaVh Hkh ns l d r h gS A

l q[ knso % ; g l c r ks Bhd gS i jUr q bl esa HkkbZ&cfgu d k I; kj fNi k jgr k gS A

vt hr % ml d k d guk gS fd ukjh d ks r qPN fn[ kkd j gh i q: "k I; kj t r kr s gSa A D; k

{193}

bl d s fy, d ksbZ vkSj l k/ u ; k l at ksx ugha t qVk, t k l d r s\ ft l l ekt esa jk[ kh d kR; kSgkj ugha gksr k D; k ogk¡ HkkbZ cfgu esa I; kj ugha gksr k A Hkyk cr kvks , d cfgu i zns' kx; s HkkbZ d ks jk[ kh Hkst r h gS A i jUr q og foi fÙk d ky esa gt +kjksa ehy nwjh l s D; k l gk; r kd jsxk A t cfd ml d k i fr ] fi r k r Fkk i q=k ml d s fud V gS A ckr ; gha r d l hfer ughacfYd , d uUgka f' k' kq ft l d ks cM+h cfgu us jk[ kh Hkst h gS cfgu d ks D; k l qj{kk d h xkjUVhnsxk t cfd ml s r ks Lo; a l qj {kk pkfg, A

&ú&

bl fopkj foe' kZ d s i ' pkr l Hkh [ kkuk [ kkr s gSa r Fkk fQj fjDjs' ku : e esa , d f=krgksd j vi us&vi us euksjat u d s l k/ uksa esa [ kks t kr s gSa A

fot ; % vt hr HkkbZ r sjh i zsed Fkk l quus okys yksx ugha vk; s A

vt hr % r qe l q[ knso r Fkk v' kksd d s ckjs esa i wN jgs gks D; k \ os vkt ugha vk; saxsA

fot ; % D; ksa \

vt hr % os yksx t sc xeZ gksus d s d kj . k r k' k d s i Ùkksa esa my>s gq, gSa A

t Qj % r ks r qe d y okyk oknk i wjk d jks A

vt hr % d kSu l k \

t Qj % ogh vykSfd d ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr yksx vi uh vk; q Hkh c<+k l d r s gSa A

vt hr % gk¡ ; kn vk; k A eSaus cr k; k Fkk l k/ d nks i zd kj d s gksr s gSa A i gys os t ksl kal kfjd ckr ksa l s oSjkX; ys ysr s gSa r Fkk eks{k bR; kfn d h i zkfIr d s fy, l k/ uk d j r s gSa r Fkknwl js os t ks l kal kfjd oLr qvksa d h i zkfIr d s fy, l k/ uk d jr s gSa A vc vkxs l kal kfjd l q[ kpkgus okys l k/ d ksa d h Hkh nks fd Lesa gksr h gSa A , d os t ks R; kx l a; e d jd s l k/ uk d jd s½f¼; k¡] fl f¼; k¡ i zkIr d jr s r Fkk nwl js os yksx t ks fd l h i zd kj d k l a; e ; k R; kx ugha d jr scfYd mu d s eu papy gksr s gSa r Fkk os d soy fl f¼; k¡ i zkIr d j r s gSa] ½f¼; k¡ ugha A

{194}

t Qj % t c ½f¼; k¡&fl f¼; k¡ ; k vykSfd d ' kfDr i zkfIr d s fy, R; kx r Fkk l a; et : jh ugha gS r ks R; kx l a; e d juk gh D; ksa gS \

vt hr % bl d s fy, eSa ; g d gw¡xk] ¶eku yks eSa vehj vkneh cuuk pkgr k gw¡ r ks eSa/ u nks i zd kj l s , d =k d j l d r k gw¡ A i gyk d M+k i fjJe d jd s ; k O; ki kj bR; kfn l s]nwl jk pksjh] Mkd k Mkyd j ; k Hkz"Vkpkj l s i jUr q nksuksa i zd kj d s / u esa vUr j jgsxk A i gysi zd kj l s d ek; s / u esa d ksbZ [ kr jk ugha gS A bl esa ekufl d ' kkfUr r Fkk l Ur ks"k gS r Fkk yksxbl i zd kj d s / u d k l nqi ; ksx d jr s gSa A i jUr q nwl js i zd kj d s / u esa [ kr jk gh [ kr jk gSAbl esa ekufl d ' kkfUr r Fkk l Ur ks"k fNu t kr k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj vykSfd d ' kfDr ; k¡ nksi zd kj l s i zkIr gks l d r h gSa A i gyh vkRe l a; e R; kx r Fkk r i L; k l s r Fkk nwl jh i zd kj d h' kfDr d kys Kku l s i zkIr gksr h gS A i jUr q d kys Kku esa d soy fl f¼; k¡ gh i zkIr gksr h gSt cfd l a; e] R; kx r Fkk r i L; k l s Í f¼; k¡&fl f¼; k¡ nksuksa i zdkj dh ' kfDr ; k¡ i zkIr gks t kr hgSa A d kys Kku l s i zkIr vykSfd d ' kfDr d kys d kjukeksa l s feyh gqbZ gksr h gS A ft l l s l k/d d ks l nSo vi us t hou d k [ kr jk cuk jgr k gS A bl fy, og l nk cspSu jgr k gS r Fkkog d bZ ckj vi uk ekufl d l Ur qyu [ kks cSBr k gS A bl fy, ml d h vkfRed voLFkkvPNh ugha gksr h A og cgqr LokFkhZ gks t kr s gSa r Fkk og yksxksa d s eq¡g l s vi uh cM+kbZ l quusd s fy, vi uh vykSfd d ' kfDr d k i zn' kZu d jus yxr s gSa A i jUr q ; g vykSfd d ' kfDrmud h t Ynh gh l ekIr gks t kr h gS A t Sl s t hr s gq, t qvkjh] pksj ; k Mkd w d k / u A ; gk¡, d ckr fo' ks"k è; ku j [ kus ; ksX; gS fd vkRe l a; e vFkkZr eu t hr us okys i q: "k gh ½f¼; k¡i zkIr d j l d r s gSa A nwl js i zd kj d s l k/ q d s Hks"k esa ?kweus okys O; fDr ft Ugkasus eu ugha t hr kvFkkZr u' ks o fo"k; ksa d s xqyke gSa A fo' ks"kd j r Eckd w d k i z; ksx d jus okys] ½f¼; k¡ fd l hi zd kj Hkh i zkIr ugha d j l d r s gSa A ; fn d ksbZ bu vykSfd d ' kfDr ; ksa d s peRd kj fn[ kkr kgS r ks og d soy fl f¼; k¡ i zkIr d ksbZ O; fDr gS A

t Qj % ½f¼ r Fkk fl f¼ esa D; k vUr j gksr k gS A

vt hr % fl f¼ & d soy t Ur j ] eU=k r Fkk r U=k r d gh l hfer gksr h gS A bu d eks±d ks d jus i j gh fd l h vykSfd d ' kfDr d k i zHkko ns[ kk t k l d r k gS A ½f¼ & t ksd Yi uk ek=k l s gh i zd V : i esa fn[ kkbZ nsus yxr h gS A

{195}

t Qj % eSa l e>k ugha \

vt hr % ½f¼; k¡ i zkIr egki q: "k ; fn l gt Hkko esa Hkh d qN d g ns r ks og l R; gkst kr k gS A vFkkZr mud s eq¡g es Hkh i zHkq d k fuokl jgr k gS A vxj og fd l h d ks vfHk' kki; k ojnku ns nsa r ks og vo' ; gh i wjk gksxk i jUr q bl d s foi jhr l k/ q d s Hks"k esa Loknw d svfHk' kki ksa ; k ojnkuksa d k d ksbZ i zHkko ugha gksr k A bl ckr d s fy, ] l k/ w d s t hou pfj=kd ks è; ku l s nss[ kuk pkfg, fd d kSu l s l k/ w us eu d ks t hr k gS r Fkk d kSu l k u' ks , oa fo"k;fod kjksa d k xqyke gS A t ks l k/ w d s Hks"k esa r Eckd w d k fd l h Hkh i zd kj i z; ksx d jr k fn[ kkbZns] r ks l e> yks og nks"kh gS A okLr o esa ckr ; g gS A r Eckd w ' kkjhfjd ekufl d r FkkvkfRed r huksa ' kfDr ; ksa dk uk' k d jus okyk , d i zkd fr d vfHk' kki gS A bl d s i z; ksx d jusokys d ks ½f¼ d Hkh Hkh i zkIr ugha gks l d r h D; ksafd ojnku ; k vfHk' kki vkfRed ' kfDr}kjk fn; k t kr k gS A esjk d gus d k vFkZ ; g gS fd ½f¼ , d vkfRed ' kfDr gS A t cfdfl f¼ d soy , d r kfU=kd fØ; k gS t ks fd t U=k] eU=k r Fkk r U=k l s mRi Uu gksr h gS A

t Qj % ' kjhj esa vkRek gS A bl d ks fd l i zd kj vuqHko fd ; k t k; s \

vt hr % i zR; sd t hovkRek esa nks i zd kj d s xq. k gksr s gSa A , d vPNs r Fkk nwl js cqjs Abu fo' ks"k xq. kksa d ks gh ge O; fDr d k LoHkko d gr s gSa A vPNs xq. kksa esa n; k] l ar ks"k]l gu' khyr k] ohj r k] uezr k] bR; kfn gSa r Fkk cqjs xq. kksa esa d ke] Øks/ ] yksHk] eksg r Fkk vgad kjt Sl h i zofr ; k¡ gksr h gSa t ks i zR; sd O; fDr d s ' kjhj esa fo| eku gSa A vc eku yks d ksbZ MkDVjfd l h O; fDr d s ' kjhj d k vki zs' ku d jr k gS r ks ml d ks ; g ekuo i zofÙk; k¡ d gha Hkh ' kjhj esafn[ kkbZ ugha nsr h i jUr q ml O; fDr fo' ks"k esa og l Hkh xq. k fo| eku gSa] ysfd u MkDVj d s fy,l Hkh ' kjhj yxHkx , d t Sl s gh gSa A muesa fd l h fo' ks"k xq. k d k gksuk mud ks d gha fn[ kkbZugha nsr k A bl d k vFkZ ; g ugha fd ml ' kjhj esa og l Hkh i zd kj d s xq. k fo| eku ugha AO; fDr fo' ks"k d s xq. k gh , d fo' ks"k vkRek d k cks/ d jkr s gSa A

fot ; % D; k vkfRed cy i zkIr fd l h , sl s O; fDr d h d ksbZ fo' ks"k ?kVuk d k mYys[ kd jksxs \

{196}

vt hr % l u~ 1739 esa uknj ' kkg nqjkuh d h fo' kky l suk d s l e{k fnYyh d s r Rd kyhuckn' kkg eqgEen' kkg us vi uh i jkt ; Lohdkj d j yh r ks ml us fnYyh esa Hk; ad j [ kwu&[ kjkcko ywVekj d h A ykSVr s l e; og vi us l kFk 32 d jksM+ : i ; s d h l Ei fÙk r Fkk gkFkh&?kksM+sbR; kfn vi us ns' k d ks ys pyk A ml ywV d s eky esa gt kjksa ; qok r Fkk l qUnj efgyk, ¡ Hkh Fkhaft ud ks cyi woZd mud s ?kjksa l s mBk fy; k x; k Fkk A mu efgykvksa d h n' kk n; uh; Fkh r Fkkos fcyd &fcyd d j jks jgh Fkh r Fkk i zkFkZuk; sa d j jgh Fkha] i jUr q mud h ph[ k&i qdkj l quusokyk d ksbZ ugha Fkk A , sl h fLFkfr esa Hkkjr ek¡ d s l Pps l i wr (fl [ k) ft Ugksausa nhu&nq%f[ k; ksad s fgr ksa d h j {kk d jus d h ' ki Fk ys j [ kh Fkh] l keus vk; s vkSj mu vcyk efgykvksa d ks eqDrd jkus d k i z; Ru d jus yxs fd Ur q yxHkx 2200 efgykvksa d ks gh NqM+kus esa l Qy gq, Ackd h d h gt kjksa efgyk, ¡ bZjku r Fkk vQxkfuLr ku d s ckt kjksa esa HksM+&cd fj ; ksa d h Hkk¡fruhyke d h xbZ A

t Sl s gh uknj ' kkg d ks ekywe gqvk fd ml d h l suk d ks ywV fy; k x; k gS A og Øks/l s i kxyksa d h Hkk¡fr ckS[ kyk x; k A og d gus yxk] ¶; s fl [ k yksx gSa d kSu \ ft uesa br ukl kgl gS fd ; g esjh br uh cM+h l suk ft l esa fd Ms<+ yk[ k l Sfud gSa d s l kFk my>s gSa r Fkkesjh l suk esa HkxnM+ epk nh gS A ; gk¡ i j gh cl ugha gekjs ywV d s eky d ks Hkh Nhu ys x; sgSa r Fkk 10000 l qanfj ; ksa esa l s 2200 d ks NqM+okus esa l Qy gks x; s gSa A bl i j uknj ' kkgus fl D[ kksa d k i hNk d jus d h Bkuh] i jUr q og cqjh r jg vl Qy gqvk A D; ksafd fl [ k yksxmu fnuksa xqfjYyk ; q¼ yM+us esa vi uk l kuh ugha j [ kr s Fks A r c uknj ' kkg d s l Sfud nksvkcsd h Hkwfe l s vi fj fpr gksus d s d kj . k fl D[ kksa d k i hNk d jus i j cqjh r jg fi Vs A d ksbZ pkjku pyus i j uknj ' kkg oki l ykgkSj i gq¡pk A ogk¡ i j ml us ykgkSj d s uokc ehj eUuw l sfl D[ kksa d s fo"k; esa i wNr kN d h fd fl [ k d gk¡ jgr s gSa \ ; g l qu ehj eUuw d gus yxkfd ml us fl D[ kksa d ks l ekIr d jus d k d bZ ckj vfHk; ku pyk; k gS r Fkk mud s xk¡oksa nsgkr ksad ks mt kM+ fn; k gS ft l l s mud k d ksbZ ?kj cpk gh ugha gS r Fkk gt kjksa fl D[ kksa d ks ekSr d s?kkV mr kj fn; k gS A t ks ml d h i d M+ esa vk x; s Fks mudks eql yeku cukus d h cgqr d ksf' k' kd h i jUr q og cgqr v. k[ khys@LokfHkekuh gSa A ekSr d ks r ks Lohd kj d jr s gSa i jUr q eql yekuugha cur s A bl i j uknj ' kkg us fQj l s i wNk vc t ks eq> i j fl D[ kksa us geyk fd ; k osd gk¡ l s vk; s Fks \ bl d s mÙkj esa uokc ehj eUuw us d gk vc os yksx t axyksa esa jgr s gSa

{197}

mud k ?kj ?kksM+s d h i hB i j gh gksr k gS A bl i j uknj ' kkg us ehj eUuw l s , d l e>kSr kfd ; k fd ml d ks og i ¡t kc d k l qcsnkj cuk jgus nsxk ; fn og fl D[ kksa d ks i wjh r jg l sl ekIr d j ns A ehj eUuw i gys l s gh ; gh pkgr k Fkk vr % ml us ; g l e>kSr k r qjUr Lohd kjd j fy; k A bl d ke d s cnys esa uknj ' kkg us ehj eUuw d ks cgqr l k / u Hkh fn; k A uknj' kkg ykSV x; k r Fkk ehj eUuw us fl D[ kksa d s fo: ¼ vkanksyu r st + d j fn; k A bl vfHkekuesa ml us , d fl [ k d h dher 80 : i ; s r Fkk , d fl [ k d s fl j d h d her 40 : i ; s j [ k nhAbl ykyp esa ehj eUuw d s l Sfud ksa us cgqr t +ksjksa l s t qYe&o&fLr e d k ckt +kj xeZ j [ kk A, sl s t qYe d s f' kd kj nsgkr ksa esa jgus okys fl D[ kksa d ks gksuk i M+k A t c os yksx ' kghn gks x; s; k t axyksa esa fud y x; s r ks mu eqxy l Sfud ksa us buke d s ykyp esa ; qok fganw yM+fd ; ksa d sfl j d kVd j ehj eUuw d ks fn[ kk, fd os fl D[ kksa d s cPpksa d s fl j gSa A mUgha fnuksa , dnsgkr h ft l d k uke r k: fl a?k Fkk A t axyksa esa fNi s gq, fl [ k i fj okjksa d ks ?kj l s [ kkuk(yaxj) cukd j ys t kr k Fkk A og O; fDr Fkk t ks vi us ?kj i j yaxj r S; kj d j r k r Fkk ogyaxj t axy esa ys t kr k A ogk¡ i j og l hfV; k¡ ct kr k ft l d ks l qu ogk¡ fNi s fL=k; k¡ cPpsbDV~Bs gks t kr s r Fkk ml }kjk yk, yaxj d ks ck¡Vd j [ kkr s A ; g Øe d bZ fnu pyr k jgkA; g egku O; fDr cgqr Å¡ph vkfRed voLFkk d k Fkk A , d r st r i Loh gksus d s ukr s xk¡ookys bud k l Rd kj d j r s Fks A i jUr q , d ykyph O; fDr us buke d s ykyp esa uokct +d fj ; k [ kku d ks l wpuk nh fd r k: okLr o esa fl [ k gSa A og ?kj i j [ kkuk r S; kj d jd st axyksa esa Nqi s fl D[ kksa d s i fjokjksa d ks f[ kykr k gS A cl fQj D; k Fkk A HkkbZ r k: fl a?k d ksfxjÝr kj d j fy; k x; k r Fkk mud ks uokc d s l keus i s' k fd ; k x; k A uokc us bl l PpkbZd s fo"k; esa i wNk r ks mUgksaus r qjUr Lohd kj d j fy; k A bl i j uokc us mud ks eql yekucuus d s fy, nckc Mkyk i jUr q os vi uh n<+r k l s Vl l s el ugha gq, A bl l cd ks ns[ kuokc us gqDe fn; k fd &¶bl r k: fl a?k d s d s' k d kV nks ogk¡ r qjUr ukbZ cqyk fy; k x; kAt Sl s gh ukbZ r k: fl a?k d s fl j d s cky d kVus d ks yi d k A r k: fl a?k us vi us ca/ s gq, gkFkksal s ml d ks , d ?kwal k ekjk A og ukbZ cgqr cqjh r jg i Vd h [ kk d j fxjk A bl i j uokcus r k: fl a?k d ks t at hjksa l s t d M+ok fn; k A vc ukbZ fQj vk; k A t Sl s gh og r k: fl a?k d sd s' k d kVus yxk r ks r k: fl a?k us i zHkq pj . kksa esa i zkFkZuk d h fd gs i zHkq ! ml d h yTt +k vcml d s gkFk esa gS A ml d s d s' kksa d h csvnch ugha gksuh pkfg, A Hkys gh ml d h t ku ys yh

{198}

t k, A r Hkh ukbZ d ks d s' k bLi kr d h r kjksa d h Hkk¡fr ekywe gksus yxs] ft l l s ml d s vkSt kjd ksbZ d ke u d j l d s A ; g vkykSfd d ' kfDr ns[ kd j uokc us fQj gqDe fn; k vPNkbl d h [ kksi M+h gh d kVd j mr kj nks A bl gqDe i j t Yykn d ks cqyk; k x; k A ml us r k:fl a?k d s d s' kksa l fgr [ kksi M+h mr kj nh vc r k: fl a?k dk [ kwu t ksjksa l s cgus yxk A r c mudksogha ' kgj d s pkSjkgs esa NksM+ l Hkh pys x; s A r k: fl a?k t h us ogh vi us ukekH; kl l sl ek/ h yxk yh A bl ckr d ks 24 ?kaVs O; r hr gks x; s A t c nwl jss fnu uokc ?kksM+s i j l okjgksd j ogk¡ l s xqt jk r ks ml us r k: fl a?k d ks ogha i j r i L; k esa yhu ns[ kk r ks ml d s vpEHksd k fBd kuk u jgk A ml us ut nhd t kd j r k: fl a?k d ks yyd kjk r Fkk d gk] ¶vHkh r wft ank gS ejk ugha A bl d s mÙkj esa r k: fl a?k us d gk] ¶eSa r ks r sj s d ks ysd j e: ¡xk A; g l qu uokc pyk x; k A ?kj i j i gq¡pr s gh ml d ks i sV esa cgqr t ksjks d k nnZ gksus yxk Aog t ksj&t ksj l s fpYykus yxk fd ml d ks d ks i s' kkc ugha mr jr k A bl i j cgqr l s gd heoS| cqyk; s x; s i jUr q d ksbZ ykHk ugha gqvk A i hM+k c<+r h gh xbZ A uokc d h ; g nqnZ' kkns[ kd j l Hkh us ml l s i wNk fd ml d ks i gys r ks d Hkh , sl h r d yhQ ugha gqbZ Fkh A vc D; kckr gks xbZ gS A bl i j ml s è; ku vk; k fd jkLr s esa r k: fl a?k d ks yyd kjus i j r k: fl a?kus d gk Fkk fd og ml s ysd j gh ejsxk A ; g l qu uokc d s fj ' r snkj r k: fl a?k t h d s i kli gq¡ps r Fkk four h d jus yxs fd uokc d h t ku c[ ' kks A ; g l qud j r k: fl a?k eqLd jk; s r Fkkcksys] ¶geus ml l s vi uk fgl kc pqd kuk gS A ge r ks ml d ks l kFk ysad j pysaxs A cgqri zkFkZuk d jus i j r k: fl a?k d gus yxs] ¶vPNk r qe gekjh t wr h ys t kvks r Fkk uokc d s fl ji j ekjks r ks ml d k i s' kkc / hjs&/ hj s mr j sxk A ml d s fj ' r snkjksa us , sl k gh fd ; k At Sl s&t Sl s os uokc ds fl j esa r k: fl a?k d h t wr h ekjr s A ml dk i s' kkc mr jr k t kr k A t Sl sgh ml d k i s' kkc [ kRe gqvk oSl s gh uokc Hkh ej x; k A nwl jh r jQ HkkbZ r k: fl a?k t h usHkh vi uk ' kjhj R; kx fn; k A ; g vk' p; Zt ud dkSr qd ns[ kd j ml l e; l Hkh eqxy l sukvksaesa Hk; d h ygj nkSM+ xbZ A ml d s i ' pkr ~ d qN fnu d s fy, t qYeksa fl r e d k ckt +kj BaMkjgk A

fot ; % t c HkkbZ r k: fl a?k br uh cM+h vkfRed ' kfDr d s ekfyd Fks r ks mUgksaus ; gt qYe&o&fl r e cnkZ' kr gh D; ksa fd ; k \ og i gys Hkh r ks bu t +kfyeksa d k uk' k d j l d r sFks A

{199}

vt hr % fl [ k yksxksa esa l e; &l e; i j vusd egki q: "k gq, gSa t ks t i ] r i r Fkk l a; eesa ½f¼; k¡ i zkIr d j pqd s Fks A i jUr q os d Hkh Hkh vi uh vkfRed ' kfDr d k fcuk fd l ht +: j r i zn' kZu ugha d jr s Fks r Fkk u gh i zd fr d s d keksa esa gLr {ksi d j r s A mud k er gSt ks Hkh gks jgk gS ; g l c d qN i zHkq d s gqDe esa gks jgk gS A bl fy, vi uh vkfRed ' kfDrd k i zn' kZu d juk i zd fr d s d ke esa gLr {ksi gS r Fkk i zHkq d s gqDe d ks u ekuuk gS A bl l svkfRed ' kfDr oku vi uh ' kfDr [ kks cSBr k gS r Fkk i zd fr d k Hkh vi jk/ h cur k gS Abl fy, HkkbZ r k: fl a?k us vi uh vkfRed ' kfDr dk t kucw> d j dksbZ peRdkj ugha fn[ kk; kAt c r d fd mud ks ml d h vfr vko' ; d r k ugha i M+h A t c mud s d s' kksa d h csvnch gksusyxh r ks mUgksaus d ksbZ pkjk u ns[ k vi us d s' kksa d ks bLi kr d h r kjksa d h r jg d M+k d j fn; kAbl esa Hkh fd l h d h d ksbZ gkfu ugha Fkh A bl d s i ' pkr ~ og fcuk [ kksi M+h 24 ?k. Vs i ouvkgkjh jgs A t c vR; kpkjh uokc fQj Hkh ugha ekuk r Fkk og r k: fl a?k d ks yyd kjus yxkr ks mUgksaus bl vi eku d k cnyk vi uh vkfRed ' kfDr }kjk ml d k i s' kkc can d jd s vi ust wr s l s ml d s i zk. k fy, ft l l s vR; kpkj d k ckt +kj can gks t k, A okLr o esa mud ks , sl kd jus esa vi us i zk. kksa d h vkgqfr nsuh i M+h A

xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s t hou d ky d h , d ?kVuk gS A mud s i kl , d i hj vk; kAml l e; vkSjaxt sc d k yM+d k cgknqj ' kkg] xq#nso d s l kFk Fkk A i hj ] xq# t h l s dgus yxkfd vki vi us vki d ks br uk cM+k xq# d gyokr s gSa r ks ml s d ksbZ d jkekr fn[ kkvks A ughar ks og vi uh ' kfDr fn[ kkr k gS A bl i j xq#nso d gus yxs] ¶d jkekr uke d gj d k gSAeSa d ksbZ d jkekr ugha t kur k A esjh d jkekr r ks esjk d ÙkZO; gh gS A i jUr q og ugha ekukr Fkk gB d jus yxk A bl i j xq#nso d gus yxs] ¶r qeus ' kfDr gh ns[ kuh gS r ks cgknqj ' kkgd s t hou esa Hkh d jkekr gS A og ns[ kks A ; g pkgs r ks jkT; ' kfDr l s vi us , d gh vkns' kesa d qN Hkh d j l d r k gS A ; g l qud j og i hj d gus yxk] ¶; g d jkekr r ks cgknqj ' kkgesa gS gh A eSa r ks vki d h ' kfDr ns[ kuk pkgr k gw¡ A bl i j xq# l kfgc us vi uh r yokjE; ku l s fud ky yh r Fkk d gus yxs] ¶esjs i kl r ks ; gh d jkekr gS A d gks r ks bl d hd jkekr fn[ kk nw¡ A ; g pkgs r ks vHkh t hou d ks eR; q esa cny ns A bl i j og Hk; Hkhrgks x; k r Fkk fouezr k l s d gus yxk] ¶bl r yokj dks E; ku d s Hkhr j gh j [ ksa A eq>s d jkekrugha ns[ kuh A bl i j xq#nso d gus yxs] ¶esjs i kl , d nwl jh d jkekr gS d gks r ks og Hkh

{200}

fn[ kk nw¡ A bl i j og fQj vk' p; Z i zd V d jus yxk r Fkk i wNus yxk] ¶og d kSu l h \ ¸xq#nso us d gk] ¶ogh ft l d s fy, og nj&nj HkVd r k fQj r k gS A bl i j ml i hj usd gk & og l e>k ugha A r Hkh xq#nso us pkanh d s : i ; ksa d h FkSfy; k¡ ml d s l keus i Vd r sgq, d gk] ¶esjh nwl jh d jkekr ; gh gS A d gks r ks bl l s eSa r qed ks [ kjhn yw¡ r Fkk euekuh ckrr qe l s d jokÅ¡ A bl l s og i hj xq#nso d s okLr fod Lo: i d ks t ku x; k fd mUgksaus , dgh b' kkjs esa ml i j d Vk{k fd ; k gS A D; ksafd og yksxksa l s pUn pk¡nh d s fl Dd ksa i j fcdt kr k gS r Fkk vi uh vewY; vykSfd d ' kfDr d k i zn' kZu d jr k fQj r k gS t ks fd i zd fr d sd ke esa gLr {ksi gS A

vc jkr cgqr gks pqd h Fkh A l Hkh fe=k okr kZyki ; gh NksM+] l ksus d s fy, vi uh cSfjdesa pys t kr s gSa A

&ñ&

vkt Li Suj i SVªksy d s fy, d qN ed SfuDl us ckgj t kuk gS A bl fy, goynkj est jus QLV i jsM eas gh Li Suj i SVªksy okys t okuksa d ks i Sd yUp ysd j r S; kj gks t kus d ks d g fn; kgS A

fot ; % eSa i Sd yUp ysd j vkr k gw¡ A r qe yksx xkM+h esa VwYl r Fkk Li s; l Z j [ k yks A

t Qj % l Hkh yksx vi us&vi us VwYl r Fkk Li s; l Z xkM+h esa j [ k ysr s gS A

vt hr % foDVj eSa r sjs l kFk VSd fud y LVksj esa Li s; l Z DySD' ku d s fy, pyr k gw¡ A

FkksM+h nsj esa l Hkh r S; kfj ; k¡ i wjh gks t kr h gSa r Fkk ; g fe=k eaMyh xkM+h l s Li suj i SVªksy d sfy, py i M+h A yxHkx 50 fd yksehVj , d i gkM+h i j pyus d s i ' pkr ~ je. khd LFkyfn[ kkbZ nsr k gS A okLr o esa og LFky ml i gkM+h d h pksVh gS A ogk¡ pkjksa r jQ gjh&gjh?kkl r Fkk f[ kys gq, Qwy Fks t ks ml LFky d h ' kksHkk c<+k jgs Fks A ogk¡ d h BaMh i ou eud ks eksg jgh Fkh A ogk¡ nwj i gkM+h d s uhps d s n' ; vn~Hkqr fn[ kkbZ ns jgs Fks A ogk¡ i j l keusd s Vhys i j , d l qUnj Hkou gs ft l esa d bZ i zd kj d h jaxhu >kfM+; k¡ yxh gqbZ gSa A ; gha i j xkM+hi kd Z d jd s MªkbZoj (jes' k) l Hkh d ks d qN l e; d s fy, foJke d s fy, d gr k gS A

{201}

foDVj % ; g l keus l t h gqbZ bekj r esa D; k gS \

jes' k % ; g , d i hj ckcs d k et +kj gS A yksx ; gk¡ d bZ i zd kj d s p<+kos p<+kr sa gSa r FkkeUur s ek¡xr s gSa A

; g l qu l c i hj d s et +kj d h r jQ vi uh&vi uh t scksa l s i Sl s fud ky py i M+r s gSai jUr q vt hr ogha i zd fr d s vn~Hkqr l kSUn; Z esa [ kks; k cSBk jgr k gS A

fot ; % vt hr HkkbZ r qe D; ksa ugha py jgs gks \

vt hr % esjs pyus d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A

jes' k % pyks ; kj n' kZu d j vk; sa ; gk¡ i j cgqr nwj&nwj l s yksx vkr s gSa A fo' ks"kd jog yksx r ks cgqr gh vkr s gSa t ks fd l h Hkwr i zsr ; k fd l h Nk; k ck/ k l s i hfM+r gksr s gSa A ; gk¡d s i qt kjh vi us eU=k l s l c ck/ k; sa nwj d j fn[ kkr s gSa A

vt hr % HkbZ; k eSa , d fl ¼kar oknh gw¡ A esjk fl j t gk¡ >qd pqd k gS A ogha >qd r kjgsxkA ml LFkku d ks NksM+ d gha vkSj fl j >qd kus d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A bl ckr d ksl e>kus d s fy, eSa r qEgsa mnwZ d s ' kk; j bd oky d h , d jpuk l qukr k gw¡ µ

t ks l j nj&nj i j >qd r s gSa] og l j ] l j gh ughaa A

ft l nj i j l j ugha >qd r k og nj ] nj gh ugha A bd cky

jes' k % D; k er yc \

vt hr % eSa xq# ukud nso d k f' k"; gw¡ A t ks yksx esjs xq# d s i kl >qd r s jgs gSa A eSamud s vkxs >qd w¡ D; k ; g esjs xq# d k vi eku ugha gS \ xq# ukud nso t gk¡ Hkh x; s ogk¡d s i qt kfj ; ksa us xq# ukud nso t h d ks l oZ' kfDr eku ekud j ueLd kj fd ; k r Fkk , d eSa gw¡t ks fd vi us vki d ks xq# ukud nso t h d k f' k"; ekur k gw¡ fQj mu i qt kfj ; ksa d s pDd jesa i M+w¡ A

{202}

jes' k % r qe Bhd d g jgs gks A i jUr q ft u yksxksa d ks fd l h i zd kj d h i zsr ck/ k gksr hgS mud ks ; gk¡ vkuk gh i M+r k gS A

vt hr % ft l ?kj esa xq# ukud t h d h ok. kh d k mPpkj. k gksr k gks ogk¡ fd l h i zsr ckkd k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A

jes' k % D; k fl D[ kksa esa fd l h Hkh O; fDr i j fd l h Hkh i zd kj d h i zsr ck/ k d k i zHkkougha i M+r k A

vt hr % i gys r ks i z' u ; g mBr k gS fd r qe fd l d ks fl [ k l e>r s gks \

jes' k % t ks d s' k nk<+h j [ kr s gSa og fl [ k gSa A

vt hr % fcYd qy ugha A d soy nkM+h d s' k j [ kus ek=k l s d ksbZ fl [ k ugha gksr k A okLr oesa fl [ k os yksx gSa t ks xq# d s mi ns' kksa i j t hou O; r hr d jr s gSa r Fkk vi us ?kj i j l qcg ' kkexq: ok. kh d k mPpkj. k d jr s gSa A ft u ?kjksa esa xq: ok. kh d k i kB fuR; i zfr gksr k gS A ogk¡ , sl hck/ kvksa d s gksus d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A

jes' k % eSaus r ks d bZ fl [ k yksxksa d ks Hkh Hkwr i zsr ck/ kvksa l s i hfM+r ns[ kk gS A

vt hr % okLr o esa os d soy fn[ kkos Hkj d s fl [ k gSa A os eu l s xq# l s cseq[ k gks pqd sgSa A os d Hkh Hkh ?kj esa xq: ok. kh u gh i <+r s gSa u gh l qur s gSa vkSj u gh xq# }kjk fn; s x; smi ns' kksa d k i kyu d j r s gSa A bl fy, xq# Hkh mud h enn ugha d j r k A D; ksafd mu yksxksad ks xq# d s Åi j fo' okl gh ugha gksr k A bl fy, , sl s yksx nj&nj HkVd r s fQj r s gSa A

jes' k % vxj d ksbZ fl [ k i fjokj d k , d l nL; xq# l s cseq[ k gks ; k ml s fd l h Hkwr &i zsrck/ k d k f' kd kj gksuk i M+s r ks D; k og i fjokj ck/ k l s NqVd kjk i kus ds fy, i qt kfj; ksa ds i klugha t kr k A

vt hr % , sl s eas] og i k¡p I; kjksa d ks i jes' oj d k nwl jk : i ekur s gSa A bl fy, os ?kji j gh i k¡p i w. kZ fl [ k vFkkZr , sl s O; fDr ft Ugksaus xq# d s mi ns' kksa d s vuql kj ver / kj . kfd ; k gks r Fkk mUgksaus vi uk l eLr t hou xq# d s mi ns' kksa d s vuql kj fuHkk; k gks A mud ks

{203}

?kj i j vkeaf=kr d j r s gSa r Fkk mud ks ?kj i j vi us gkFkksa }kjk r S; kj fd ; k Hkkst u d jkr s gSar Fkk d gr s gSa fd vki i k¡p I; kjs gSa vFkkZr xq# d s Js"B f' k"; gSa A vki esa r Fkk xq# esa d ksbZHksn ugha gS A bl fy, vki d i k d jd s mud ss fy, xq# l s i zkFkZuk d jsa fd og mud ks {keknku ns r Fkk bl i szr ck/ k l s NqVd kjk fnyk; s A , sl k d jus i j i k¡p I; kjs xq#nso d s vkxsvjnkl (i zkFkZuk) d jd s xq# d h vi kj ' kfDr ; ksa l s gj i zd kj d s nq%[ kksa o d "Vksa l s NqVd kjkgks t kr k gS A

jes' k % D; k t : jh gS fd i k¡p I; kjksa }kj k d h xbZ i zkFkZuk i zHkq Lohd kj d js A

vt hr % bl d s fy, eSa r qEgsa xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s t hou d ky dh , d ?kVuk l qukr kgw¡ A , d ckj , d J¼kyq xq#nso d s njckj esa , d <ky r S; kj d jd s Lo; a yk; k A ml <kyd h d kjhxjh , d vf} r h; uewuk Fkh A xq#nso us ml d ks cgqr i l Un fd ; k r Fkk ml d kscukd j ykus okys J¼kyq d h d kjhxjh d h vfr i z' kal k d h A og J¼kyq vi uh i z' kal kl qud j Qwyk ugha l ek; k A r Hkh ml esa vgad kj i zofÙk us t Ue fy; k r Fkk og xq#nso l sd gus yxk fd ml us ml s cgqr d M+s i fjJe l s cgqr fnuksa esa r Fkk d bZ / kr qvksa d s feJ. k l sr S; kj fd ; k gS A ml <ky esa fo' ks"kr k ; g gS fd og gYd h r Fkk l qUnj gksus d s l kFk&l kFket cwr Hkh br uh gS fd ml i j fd l h vL=k&' kL=k d k d ksbZ i zHkko ugha gksus d k A vkibl s i j [ k d j ns[ k l d r s gSa A bl i j xq#nso us i wNk & D; k mud h xksyh ml esa l s i kj ughagksxh \ r c Hkh og cksyk & gk¡ egkjkt ! vki d h xksyh Hkh ml esa l s xqt j ugha l d r h A; g vfHkeku Hkjh ckr l qud j xq#nso us fQj l s i wNk & D; k mud h xksyh Hkh ml esa l s i kjugha gks l d r h \ r c og vkSj vf/ d vgad kj esa cksyk & gk¡ xq: nos fd l h Hkh xksyh d kml i j d ksbZ i zHkko ugha gksxk A D; ksafd ml us , d fo' ks"k d kjhxjh l s ml s cuk; k gS A , sl hvfHkeku okyh ckr l qud j xq#nso cksys vPNk r ks ge d y ml d h i jh{kk d jsaxs A

bl ckr phr d ks ogk¡ mi fLFkr l Hkh HkDr t uksa us Hkh l quk r Fkk muesa l s cgqr l s] d ygksus okyh <ky d h i j [ k d ks ?kVuk ns[ kus d s fy, cspSu gksus yxs fd xq#nso d h xksyh d k<ky i j D; k i zHkko gksr k gS \

t c ; g <ky cukus okyk dkjhxj vi us ?kj i gq¡pk r ks ml us vi uh i Ruh d ks og ?kVuk

{204}

l qukbZ fd ml dh cukbZ <ky d h i jh{kk d y xq#nso d jsaxs A og ; g l c l qud j cgqr fpafr rgqbZ fd ml us og vgad kj okyh ckr d jd s vPNk ugha fd ; k t cfd mUgsa r ks xq#nso d hd i k d s i k=k cuus d s fy, fouezr k fn[ kkuh pkfg, Fkh A i jUr q ml us vfHkeku ykd j l cd qN fd ; k d jk; k [ kks fn; k gS A r c ml d ks Hkh vi uh xyr h d k , sgl kl gksus yxk A vcnksuksa i fr &i Ruh d ksbZ ; qfDr l kspus yxs fd d y mudh vku jg t k, A r Hkh ml d h i Ruhd ks , d ; qfDr l w>h fd xq#nso us vi us i k¡p I; kjksa d ks vi us l s l oksZÙke LFkku fn; k gS r FkkmUgha i k¡p I; kjksa d ks xq# ekud j xq: nh{kk Hkh mUgha l s yh gS A D; ksa u os Hkh mu i k¡p I; kjksad s vkxs {kek ; kpuk d jsa A ; g ckr nksuksa d s eu d ks Hkk xbZ vkSj og d kjhxj ] i k¡p i w. kZxq# fl [ k vFkkZr i w. kZ : i l s] xq#nso d s mi ns' kksas i j t hou O; r hr d jus okys f' k"; ksa d ks] cM+hfouezr k l s vkxzg d jd s vi us ?kj i j cqyk yk; k A r c r d ml dh i Ruh us muds fy, vi usgkFkksa l s Hkkst u r S; kj d j mud ks Hkkst u d jk; k r Fkk vi uh l sok Hkko l s mUgsa i zl Uu d jfy; kA r Ri ' pkr mUgksaus vi uh xkFkk l qukbZ fd mUgsa vc mud s fd ; s i j i ' pkr ki gSbl fy, os mud h ' kj . k esa mi fLFkr gq, gSa A mUgsa mu i j xoZ gS fd os xq#nso d s I; kjs f' k"; ksaesa l s gS vkSj os mUgsa {kek fnyok l d r s gSa D; ksafd xq#nso d h d i k mu i j l nSo jgh gS At Sl k fd d Fku gS µ

j g. kh j gS l ksbZ fl [ k esj k AAvksgq l kfgc eSa ml d k psj k AA

xq: xksfcUn fl a?k

, sl k l qu mu i k¡p xq: fl D[ kksa us vjnkl d h fd gs xq#nso ! ; g] vki d k vUt kucPpk vi uh Hkwy d s fy, i ' pkr ki d j r k gS A bl fy, d y d s njckj esa bl d h Hkh vkuj [ kuk vki d k d ÙkZO; gS A D; ksafd ; g Hkh vki d k HkDr gS A HkDr ksa d h ykt vki gh d sgkFk esa gS A vi us Hkwys&HkVd s l sod d ks ml d h xyr h i j {kek d jsa A nwl j s fnu ogd kjhxj J¼kyq vi uh <ky ysd j xq#nso d s njckj esa eu gh eu vkjk/ uk d j r k gqvkmi fLFkr gqvk fd gs xq#nso ! ml d h Hkh ykt j [ k ysuk A xq#nso us njckj d h l ekfIr d si ' pkr ~ og <ky e¡xokbZ r Fkk ml d ks , d LFkku i j fLFkr d j , d cUnwd }kjk ml d kfu' kkuk cukd j xksyh pykbZ r ks xksyh pyh gh ugha ekuks cUnwd [ kjkc gks ; k ck: n xhyk gks

{205}

d soy cUnwd l s [ kjkc ck: n t Sl h èofu gh gqbZ A bl i j xq#nso us nwl jh pht +ksa d ks fu' kkukekud j xksfy; k¡ pyk; ha r ks cUnwd r Fkk ck: n Bhd l kfcr gqvk A bl vk' p; Z d ks ns[ kd jml J¼kyq dkjhxj l s bl ds fo"k; esa i wNk x; k fd D; k d kj .k gS fd ml d h <ky d h r jQcUnwd d ke gh d juk D; ksa can d j nsr h gS A bl i j og d gus yxk gs xq#nso ! eSa d yfeF; k vfHkeku esa vki d h vykSfd d ' kfDr Hkwy x; k Fkk A vr % ml d h i Ruh us ml ssl e>k; k fd ml s i zk; f' pr d juk pkfg, A bl fy, ml us vki d h n' kkZbZ fof/ d s vuql kji k¡p I; kjksa d ks Hkkst u d jkd j mu l s i zkFkZuk d jkbZ gS fd ml d h vku vkt njckj esa jguhpkfg, A

; g l qu xq#nso cksys & t c os ml d h <ky d h r jQ fu' kkuk ck¡/ r s gSa r ks mUgsa ogk¡ ukSxq# [ kM+s fn[ kkbZ nsr s gSa A t ks fd ml d h <ky d h j {kk d j j gs gSa A i jUr q vc mud h Hkhvku d k i z' u gS A bl fy, og ml d h i zkFkZuk l s i k¡p i jes' oj us ml d h vku j [ k yh gSAD; ksafd mud h xksyh cUnwd l s ckgj gh ugha t kuh Fkh A

r c l s fl [ k i fjokjksa esa fd l h Hkh foi fÙk d ky esa i k¡p I; kjksa d ks Hkkst u d jkd s mud s}kjk xq#nso d s vkxs i zkFkZuk d h t kr h gS fd gs xq: nso os mud h vku&cku j [ ksa r Fkk mUgsafd l h nwl js nj i j HkVd uk u i M+s bl fy, i k¡p I; kjksa }kjk d h xbZ i zkFkZuk d Hkh Hkh vl Qyugha gqbZ r Fkk ml d k i zHkko ml h l e; Li "V : i l s ns[ kus d ks feyr k gS A

jes' k % eku yks d Hkh d ksbZ i k¡p I; kjksa d s Hkkst u r Fkk mud h i zkFkZuk d k vk; kst u ughad j i kr k ; k og fd l h d kj . k r kaf=kd ksa d s i kl pyk t kr k gS r ks \

vt hr % , sl k d jus okys fl [ k d ks xq# l s cseq[ k ekuk t kr k gS A

vFkkZr t ks vi us xq# d s n' kkZ, ekxZ l s fopfyr gksr k gS A ml i j xq# d Hkh fo' oklugha d j r k r Fkk u gh xq# fd l h i zd kj d h foi fÙk d ky esa ml d h enn d jr k gS r Fkk ogckj&ckj t Ue ej . k r Fkk nq%[ k d ys' kksa d s pDd j eas i M+k jgr k gS A t Sl s nks fd f' r ; ksa i ji k¡o j [ kus okyk l okj l nSo fxjr k gh gS A Bhd bl h i zdkj fl [ k gksd j t ks vkè; kfRed r yi j bl i zd kj d h nksgjh ekufl d r k j [ ks] ml d h ; gh n' kk gksr h gS A og Hkh d gha l s d qNi zkIr ugha d j l d r k A og nj&nj HkVd r k gh jgr k gS A D; ksafd t ks vi us l eFkZ fi r k

{206}

l s d qN i zkIr ugha d j i kr k og nwl j ksa d s vkxs gkFk i l kjus i j Hkh d qN i zkIr ugha d jl d r kA ; fn dksbZ ml dks dqN ns Hkh nsxk r ks og n; k dh , d Hkh[ k gh gksxh A t cfd euq";vi us fi r k l s vf/ d kj l fgr ckr euok l d r k gS r Fkk mul s gj og oLr q ekax l d r k gSt ks ml d s i kl gS A bl d k Hkko gqvk og vi us xq# fi r k d ks NksM+ nwl jksa d s i kl D; ksa HkVd s\; fn og nwl jksa d s i kl HkVd sxk r ks D; k ; g ml d s fi r k d h cnukeh ugha gS A vPNk i q=k]Hkw[ kk Hkys gh ej t k, i jUr q vi us fi r k d h vku d ks / Cck yxkus d s fy, og d Hkh nwl jksad s vkxs gkFk ugha QSykr k A

jes' k % ; fn d ksbZ O; fDr vi us xq# d ks NksM+ d gha vkSj HkVd t kr k gS r c \

vt hr % bl d s fy, eSa r qEgsa , d l R; d Fkk l qukr k gw¡ A vkt l s yxHkx 375 o"kZ i woZl u~ 1595 bZ- d h ?kVuk gS A , d i Bku ykgkSj vk; k A ml us ogk¡ O; ki kj fd ; k r Fkk ml sykHk gqvk A og r c vkxs fnYyh t kuk pkgr k Fkk A vr % og l kspus yxk fd ; fn og vi usokyk / u fd l h d s i kl vekur j [ k nsa r ks ml s vkxs d s l Qj esa d ksbZ pksjh Md Sr h d k [ kr jkugha jgsxk A ; g l kspd j ml us ykgkSj d s l cl s cM+s O; ki kjh HkkbZ NTt q ey d s i kl ml d k/ u vekur d s : i esa j [ k fn; k vkSj og i Bku fnYyh d s fy, pyk x; k A t c og d qNfnuksa esa ykSVd j oki l vk; k r ks HkkbZ NTt w ey t h l s ogh vi uh : i ; ksa d h FkSyh ek¡xus yxki jUr q l e; O; r hr gks t kus d s d kj . k HkkbZ t h d ks ml d h FkSyh d k è; ku ugha vk jgk FkkAr c mUgksaus vi us l Hkh cgh [ kkr s ns[ k Mkys i jUr q ml d k uke d gha i j Hkh fy[ kk gqvk ufeykA bl i j i Bku r Fkk NTt w ey t h esa >xM+k Bu x; k A i Bku d gr k ml us NTt w eyd ks , d bZekunkj O; fDr t kud j 100 : i ; ksa d h FkSyh oSl s gh vekur j [ kus d s fy, nh FkhAi jUr q vc og csbZeku gks x; k gS A nwl jh r jQ HkkbZ NTt w ey t h d k d guk Fkk fd ml sè; ku gh ugha fd ml us ml s l kS : i ; ksa d h FkSyh d c nh Fkh t cfd [ kkr ksa esa Hkh d gha ml d kuke ugha A ; g >xM+k cgqr c<+ x; k A bl fy, ml d s fui Vkjs d s fy, nksuksa i {k ml l e;d h vnkyr esa i gq¡ps A i jUr q xokg ; k l cwr i Bku ds i kl Hkh ugha Fkk A bl fy, og NTt wey l s cksyk fd og >wBk gS] ugha r ks og vi us xq# d h d l e [ kk, fd ml d s i kl d ksbZ: i ; k vekur ugha A ; g l qud j HkkbZ NTt q d ks Øks/ vk x; k A og d gus yxs ; fn ml usd l e Hkh mBk yh r ks Hkh gks l d r k gS ml s r Fkk yksxksa d ks ml d h d l e esa fo' okl u gks A

{207}

bl d s fy, , sl k d jr s gSa A r sy d k , d d M+kgk xeZ d jr s gSa A ft l esa os nksuksa l Hkh d s l keus, d l kFk vi uk&vi uk gkFk Mkysaxs A ft l d k gkFk t y x; k og >wBk r Fkk ft l d k u t ykog l Ppk gksxk A ; g ckr l Hkh us Lohd kj d j yh A i jUr q i Bku gkFk t yus d s Mj l s Hk;[ kkus yxk A i jUr q ml s vi us l Pps gksus d k fo' okl Fkk A vr % og eu d ks ckj&ckjn<+ d j r k jgk A fQj Hkh og Hk; Hkhr jgus yxk A r c ml us vi us l Pps gksus d s d kj . kd bZ i hjksa&Qd hjksa d ks ; kn fd ; k r Fkk mud s uke d h eUur sa ekuha A i jUr q nwl jh r jQ HkkbZNTt w vMksy jgk A og d soy vi us gh xq# d h vjk/ uk esa jgk fd og l Ppk gS vkSj xq#nsoml d h ykt j [ ksaxs A r Hkh vnkyr d s l keus r sy Hkjk d M+kgk xeZ fd ; k x; k r Fkk mu nkssuksaus l Hkh n' kZd ksa d s l keus vi us&vi us gkFk r sy d s Hkhr j Mkys A l Hkh n' kZd ksa d s vpaHks d kfBd kuk u jgk A ml i Bku d k gkFk t y x; k Fkk A i jUr q HkkbZ NTt w ey d k gkFk oSl sgh Fkk A bl i j yksxksa us i Bku d ks >wBk r Fkk csbZeku eku fy; k r Fkk yxs ml d ks / qr d kjusAi Bku yxk vYykg r kyk d ks d ksl us fd vYykg Hkh >wBs yksxksa d k l kFk nsr k gS r Fkk ogukfLr d ksa d h r jg vYykg d s vfLr Ro l s Hkh bad kj d jus yxk A ml d k d guk Fkk t cvYykg >wBs d k l kFk nsr k gS r ks og vYykg i j fo' okl D; ksa d js \ t c bl ?kVuk d ksnks&r hu fnu chr x; s r ks , d fnu HkkbZ NTt w ey t h us vi uh nqd ku d h i qr kbZ fyi kbZd k d k; ZØe cuk; k A t c og nqd ku d h l QkbZ d jok jgs Fks r ks d gha] , d d ksus esa l kekud s uhps nch gqbZ , d FkSyh feyh ft l esa l kS : i ; s Fks A HkkbZ NTt w ey t hs us og FkSyh ns[ khr ks mud ks ml i Bku d h ; kn vkbZ fd ; gh r ks FkSyh gS ft l d h fu' kkuh og i Bku ns jgkFkk r Fkk og FkSyh ml d s fgl kc esa d gha ugha Fkh A og FkSyh i Bku d h gh Fkh A t Sl s ghHkkbZ NTt w ey t h d ks og FkSyh feyh A NTt w ey t h i Bku d h [ kkst esa yx x; s A cgqr[ kkst us i j og i Bku , d oS| d s i kl vi us gkFk d k bZykt + d jokr k gqvk fey x; k A HkkbZNTt w ey t h us ml l s vi uh Hkwy d s fy, i ' pkr ki d jr s gq, og FkSyh ml d h vekurml d s gokys d j nh A i jUr q i Bku , d cgqr cM+k vi eku l gu d j pqd k Fkk A vr % ogr qjUr fQj l s vnkyr esa i gq¡pk r Fkk HkkbZ NTt w ey }kjk FkSyh oki l ns nsus d h ckr l qukbZAl c ; g l qud j vk' p; Zpfd r jg x; s fd ; g D; k ?kVuk Fkh t ks >wBk gksus i j Hkh NTt w eyd k gkFk ugha t yk A ; fn HkkbZ NTt w ey bZekunkj ugha Fkk r ks vc ml us FkSyh D; ksa oki ld j nh A i jUr q bl d k d ksbZ fu. kZ; ugha gks i k; k A bl i j ogh i Bku fQj HkkbZ NTt w ey

{208}

d h nqd ku i j i gq¡pk r Fkk i wNus yxk fd t c og >wBk Fkk r ks r sjk gkFk D; ksa ugha t yk \; g l qud j og d gus yxs fd og okLr o esa Hkwy x; k Fkk A ml d s fny esa csbZekuh Fkh ghugha A ugha r ks og ml s FkSyh oki l D; ksa ugha d j r k \ bl mÙkj i j Hkh ml i Bku d hr l Yyh ugha gqbZ r ks HkkbZ NTt w ey t h ml s vi us l kFk vi us xq#nso xq# vt qZu nso t h d si kl ver l j ys vk; s A xq# vt qZu nso t h us ml i Bku d s eu d h ' kad k nwj d j r s gq,cr k; k & okLr o esa HkkbZ NTt w ey Hkh v i uh r jQ l s l Ppk Fkk A i jUr q r qe esavkRe&fo' okl d h d eh Fkh A bl fy, r qeus cgqr l s i hj Qd hjksa d ks euk; k A i jUr q bl usvkRe&fo' okl l s d soy xq# i j Hkjksl k j [ kk bl fy, mUgsa bl d h j {kk gsr q bl d h l gk; r kd juh i M+h A t cfd nwl jh r jQ vki d s i hj&Qdhj r qEgkjs l Pps gksus i j Hkh r sjh l gk; r kd ks ugha i gq¡psA ft l d k dkj .k ; g Fkk fd vki dks fd l h , d fo' ks"k i hj&Qd hj i j Hkh i w.kZfo' okl ugha Fkk r Fkk vki nj&nj HkVd r s fQj r s Fks A

Jo. k fl a?k (bySDVªhf' k; u) % vt hr ; g l c r ks Bhd gS A eSa Hkh vi us vki d ksxq#fl [ k d gyokus esa vkRe xkSjo vuqHko d j r k gw¡ A i jUr q ge yksxksa esa Hkh r ks Hkwr i zsrvkRekvksa l s i hfM+r yksx Msjk oMHkkx fl a?k d s ; gk¡ t kr s gSa r Fkk ogk¡ i j gksyh d s R; kSgkj i jt ks esyk yxr k gS] ml esa cgqr l s yksx Hkwr i zsr ck/ kvksa l s ogk¡ >wyr s gq, ns[ ks x; s gSa A , dckj eq>s Hkh ogk¡ i j t kuk i M+k Fkk A oSl s eSa bl d s fo: ¼ Fkk i jUr q yksxksa d k ckj&ckj ; ghd guk Fkk fd mud s csVs d s t ks d s' k vki l esa t qM+ t kr s gSa t c r d fd l h r kaf=kd d s ; gk¡eUur ekud j t Vk, ¡ mr kjh ugha t k; saxh r c r d vki l esa t qM+r h jgsaxh r Fkk d Hkh Hkh ugha[ kqysaxh A bl fy, eSa vi us csVs d ks Msjk oMHkkx fl a?k d s ; gk¡ ys x; k A ogk¡ i j ml d h t Vk; sau pkgr s gq, Hkh mr jok nha A r c yM+d k cgqr jks; k fpYyk; k Fkk A ft l s ns[ kd j esjk eucgqr nq%[ kh gqvk Fkk fd og , d xyr jkLr s i j vk x; k gS A i jUr q D; k d j r k \ ogk¡ i jr ks l Hkh yksxksa d k ; gh fo' okl Fkk A

vt hr % eq>s nq%[ k l s d guk i M+r k gS fd fl D[ kksa esa cgqr l s vki t Sl s xqj fl [ k d soyvKkur k d s d kj . k d qN i Fk Hkz"V yksxksa d s paxqy esa Ql t kr s gSa A D; ksafd mUgksaus xq#xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s fl ¼kar ksa d k Bhd l s vè; ; u gh ugha fd ; k gksr k A t cfd eu l s ogi w. kZ : i l s xq#nso d s i Fk i j pyus esa fo' okl j [ kr s gSa A [ kSj --- eSa ; gk¡ vki d ks vi us l kFk

{209}

?kVh , d ?kVuk l qukr k gw¡ A d qN fnu i gys eSaus QSfeyh i j fe' ku ysd j vi us l kFk QSfeyhj [ kh FkhA mUgha fnuksa esjs yM+d s d h i gyh l kyfxjg Fkh A eSaus ml fnu vi us yM+d s d ho"kZxk¡B vi us fe=k , oa i M+ksfl ; ksa d ks vkeaf=kr d jd s eukbZ A ml l e; gekjs us esjs csVs d ksxksn esa ysd j I; kj fd ; k A r Hkh os esjh i Ruh l s cksyha fd bl d s d s' kksa d h r ks t Vk, a cur hgSa A bl fy, bl d h t Vkvksa d h mUgsa d gha eUur p<+kuh i M+sxh A ; g Hkze esjh i Ruh d seu esa cSB x; k A og fpafr r j gus yxh A t c ; gh ckr ml us eq>s cr kbZ r ks eSaus ml sn<+r ki woZd l e>k; k A ; g yksx bl oSKkfud ; qx esa Hkh Hkzeksa esa i M+s gq, gSa A okLr o esa ckrd qN Hkh ugha A csVs d s d s' kksa esa ml us r sy d a?kk ugha yxk; k A D; ksafd ml d k fopkj Fkk fdog i fjokj d s l Hkh l nL; ds ohp bl ds d s' k / kfeZd jhfr }kjk xwansxh vFkkZr d a?kk yxk, xhAd a?kk ; k r sy bR; kfn u d jus l s cPps d s d ksey d s' k [ kq' d h d s d kj . k vki l esa t qM+ x; sFks A bl fy, og vHkh vi us csVs d s d s' kksa d ks r sy d h ekfy' k d js r Fkk d a?kk yxk, A , sl kl e>kus i j esjh i Ruh us ; g l c d qN fd ; k A cl ml d s i ' pkr ~ d Hkh Hkh esjs csVs d s d s' kvki l esa t qM+d j t Vk : i esa bd V~Bs ugha gq, A

, sl h gh , d ?kVuk vki dks eSa vi us ckY; dky dh Hkh l qukr k gw¡ A t c esjh vk; q yxHkx, d o"kZ d h Fkh r ks esjs fl j esa QksM+s&Qqafl ; k¡ gks xbZ A esjs fi r k us eq>s cgqr l s MkDVjksa d ksfn[ kk; k i jUr q d ksbZ vkjke ugha vk; k A r Hkh , d MkDVj d gus yxs & bl d s d s' kksa d ks d kVnks r ks og bl d k bZykt + d jsxk A esjs fi r k t h us d gk & og vi us csVs d s d s' kksa d h d HkhHkh csvnch ugha d jsxk A Hkys gh ml d k bd ykSr k csVk ej D; ksa u t k; s A ml MkDVj usvk' p; Z l s i wNk fd , sl h Hkh D; k ckr gS \ bl d s mÙkj esa esjs fi r k t h us d gk fd ogvi us xq#nso l s cseq[ k gksuk ugha pkgr k A og ml d s fy, vi uk r u&eu&/ u l Hkh d qNr ks U; kSNkoj d j l d r k gw¡ A i jUr q xq# d s mi ns' kksa l s eq¡g ugha eksM+ l d r k A ; g l qu ogMkDVj ' kkar gks x; k A bl i j esjs fi r k t h us esjs d ks , d oS| t h d ks fn[ kk; k A ml oS|t h us esjs d s' kksa d ks d kjckfyd l kcqu l s / ksus d ks d gk r Fkk ml i j uhe d s r sy d h ekfy' kd jus d ks cr k; k A esjs fy, d qN fnu nw/ can d j fn; k A D; ksafd nw/ d s l sou l s i l ; ki hd i M+us d k Mj jgr k gS A bl d s l kFk i l l w[ kkus d h vkS"kf/ ; k¡ [ kkus d s fy, nha] ft l l sesjs d s' kksa esa QksM+s l nk d s fy, l ekIr gks x; s A

{210}

Jo. k fl a?k % Msjk oMHkkx fl a?k d s ; gk¡ t ks yksx Hkwr ck/ kvksa l s i hfM+r ns[ ks t kr s gSa A; g l c D; k gS \

vt hr % eSa bl d s fy, d gw¡xk µ

gfj fcl j r l nk [ kqvkj h AA

r k d m / ks[ kk d gk fcvki S t k d m vksV r qgkjh AA÷AA

i "B ÷ûû

vFkkZr gfj d s uke d ks Hkwyus okyk nj&nj d h Bksd jsa [ kkr k gS r Fkk HkVd r k jgr k gSA

xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s t hou d ky d h ckr gS A , d O; fDr i zsr ck/ k l s i hfM+r FkkAml d ks yksx xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k yk, A r c xq#nso us Qjek; k fd og r ks [ kqn gh Hkwr gS Abl d ks ugha r ks vkSj fd l d ks i zsr i d M+sxk \ bl i j ml d s fj ' r snkjksa us xq#nso d s vkxsi zkFkZuk d h fd xq#nso ! ml d ks {kek d jsa A r c xq#nso us Qjek; k & t ks O; fDr vi ukt hou i zHkq d s Hkt u fcuk O; r hr d jr k gS r Fkk l eLr t hou u' ks&fodkjksa esa O; FkZ d jr k gSAml i j i zsr ksa dk ckl gksxk gh A ; g l qud j ml d s fj ' r snkjksa us fQj l s four h d h fd xq#nso! ml i j d i k d jsa A

bl i j xq#nso us d gk & t c r d og l k/ l axr d h l sok d jsxk r Fkk fod kjksa d si zHkko l s Åi j mBus d s fy, uke fl eju* d jsxk r c r d bl i j i zsr vkRek ugha vk, xhAvU; Fkk og i zsr ck/ k l s i hfM+r jgsxk A

esjk ; g l c d qN d gus d k vFkZ gS fd ogk¡ , sl s gh yksx ns[ ks t kr s gSa t ks vi us xq#l s cseq[ k gks pqd s gksr s gSa r Fkk os d Hkh Hkh l k/ &l axr esa ugha t kr s A l kFk gh cqjh vknr ksaesa Qal d j u' ks , oa fod kjksa d s xqyke gks t kr s gSa A

Jo. k fl a?k % Msjk oMHkkx fl a?k d k fl D[ kksa d s l kFk D; k l aca/ gS \

vt hr % bl d s i hNs , d yack bfr gkl gS A i jUr q eSa r qEgsa l kj ka' k esa d qN fo' ks"k?kVuk, a l qukr k gw¡ µ

{211}

fl D[ kksa d s NVs xq# gjxksafcUn t h d s cM+s yM+d s ckck xqj fnÙkk t h d s nks i q=k Fks Ai gys d k uke Fkk / hjey r Fkk nwl js d k uke gfj jk, t h A xq# t h us vi us cM+s csVs d sNksVs csVs d ks xn~nh ns nh Fkh A bl ckr i j / hjey d s eu esa bZ"; k gqbZ fd og cM+k FkkAbl fy, xq: xn~nh ml s feyuh pkfg, Fkh A bl fy, og l e; d h r kd esa jgus yxk fd ogHkh xq# d gyokbZ A , sl k vol j mud ks (ckck) cd kys esa fey x; k t c l ks<h i fjokj d sckbZl l nL; ksa us ogk¡ i j vi uh&vi uh xfn~n; k¡ yxk yh Fkha A d soy bl fy, fd vkBosaxq# gfj fØ' ku t h us vi us mÙkjkf/ d kjh ukSosa xq# d s gksus d s fy, l Ecks/ u* ' kCn d k i z; ksxfd ; k Fkk fd og ckck cd kys esa* gS A ogk¡ i j bu cukcVh xq: vksa d h Hkjekj gks xbZ FkhAbl fy, t ur k i k[ kafM; ksa l s nq%[ kh gksus yxh fd l Ppk xq# d kSu gS A r Hkh l eqnzh t gkt ksa d kO; ki kjh HkkbZ eD[ ku ' kkg yqck. kk ogk¡ i gq¡pk A okLr o esa og vi us t gkt d s r qQku esa Q¡lt kus d s d kj . k eUur eku pqd k Fkk A vr % l Pps xq# d h r yk' k esa t qV x; k A i jUr q ml sogk¡ i j fLFkr 22 cukoVh xq: vksa esa l s fd l h us Hkh eUur d h i wjh jd e ugha ek¡xh A blckr l s ml d ks cgqr fujk' kk gqbZ A i jUr q ml us vi uh [ kkst t kjh j [ kh A , d fnu ml d hyxu jax ykbZ A ml fnu eD[ ku ' kkg us ckck cd kys d s cPpksa l s i wNk & t ks ogk¡ i jvi us vi us [ ksy esa O; Lr Fks A mu cPpksa us cr k; k fd ogk¡ l ks<h i fjokj d s , d l nL;vkSj gS t ks , d kar fi z; gSa r Fkk mud k uke r sxk gS A r c D; k Fkk eD[ ku ' kkg mud s n' kZuksad ks py i M+k A t c eD[ ku ' kkg] ekr k ukud h t h d h vkKk i kd j xq# r sx cgknqj t h d sd ejs esa i gq¡pk r ks og Lekf/ esa yhu Fks A r Hkh eD[ ku ' kkg us i k¡p eqnzk; sa mud s vkxs Hkhj [ kd j ' kh' k >qd k fn; k A r Hkh xq# r sx cgknqj t h us vk¡[ ks [ kksyha r Fkk d gk t c t gkt +Qal k gqvk Fkk r ks ml us eUur r ks 500 eqnzkvksa d h ekuh Fkh r Fkk l kFk gh vi us d a/ s d kd i M+k gVk fn[ kk; k fd mUgksaus Lo; a t gkt + d ks da/ k yxkuk i M+k ft l l s ml t gkt + d h dhysamud s d a/ s esa / al h gqbZ gSa A ; g l qud j eD[ ku ' kkg cksyk & ¶gs xq#nso ml d h ' kad k vcnwj gks xbZ gS A okLr o esa ckr ; g Fkh fd d bZ >wBs yksx vi us vki d ks xq#nso d gyokusyxs Fks A bl hfy, ml us d soy 5 eqnzk; sa j [ kha Fkh A bl i j xq#nso d gus yxs & mud ksr ks cl ml d h HkfDr d h ykt j [ kuh Fkh A D; ksafd d gha ; g u eku fy; k t k, fd d ksbZl Ppk xq# gS Hkh fd ugha A r c eD[ ku ' kkg] , d pqckjs i j p<+d j yksxksa d ks l Ecksf/ rd jr k gqvk d gus yxk] ¶ml s l Ppk xq# fey x; k gS A ; gk¡ pys vkvks A Hkwyh; s l axr s

{212}

xq: yk/ ks j s* d k og ukjk cqyan d jus yxs A r c D; k Fkk l Pps xq# d s n' kZuksa gsr q l HkhmeM+ i M+s A HkDr x. kksa us xq# r sx cgknqj l kfgc d ks vkxzg d jd s nhoku l t k; k A xq#nsod s njckj esa / u d s vackj yx x; s A ; g ns[ kd j >wBs xq# r ks f[ kl d x; s A i jUr q/ hjey d ks ' kkafr ugha vkbZ A ml d s , d el an ft l d k uke f' k; k Fkk ml us / u d s ykypeas vk/ h jkr d ks xq# r sx cgknqj l kfgc d s ; gk¡ geyk d j fn; k r Fkk ml us xq#nso i j xksyhHkh pyk nh A xksyh] xq#nso d s d ku d s i kl l s Li ' kZ d j r h gqbZ fud y xbZ A t Sl s gh ; g?kVuk eD[ ku ' kkg d ks ekywe gqbZ A og r qjUr vi us ukSd jksa d ks ysd j f' k; k el an d ks i d M+yk; k r Fkk ml d h [ kwc fi VkbZ d h A i jUr q xq# t h d s d gus i j ml d ks NksM+ fn; k A xq#nsous cr k; k fd os yksx / u d s gh Hkw[ ks Fks bl fy, mud ks l kjk / u Hkh ns nks A r c , sl k ghfd ; k x; k A i jUr q vkfn xzaFk l kfgc d h t ks i kou chM+ / hjey d s i kl Fkh] ft l d ks i k¡posaxq# vt qZu nso t h us r S; kj d jok; k Fkk] ml s oki l ugha fd ; k A r Hkh xq#nso us fu. kZ; fd ; kfd mud k ogk¡ jguk Bhd ugha Fkk A D; ksafd os yksx bZ"; kZ l s i hfM+r jgsaxs A bl fy, oss d ghavkSj pys t k, xsa A

xq#nso vc LFkku i fjor Zu d s fy, py i M+s A jkLr s esa O; kl unh d ks i kj d jr s l e;xq#nso d s fl D[ kksa us vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* d h chM+ d ks i kyd h l s fud ky d j fl j i j mBkfy; k vkSj fd Lr h }kjk unh i kj d jus yxs A r Hkh xq#nso us i wNk & ; g D; k gS \ mÙkjesa f' k"; ksa us cr k; k fd og vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* d h chM+ gS t ks fd mu yksxksa us / hjey d ksugha ykSVkbZ Fkh A r c xq#nso d qN : "V gksd j cksys & ; g vPNk d k; Z ugha fd ; k A ml hl e; xq#nso us vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* d h chM+ d ks eat h l kgc l fgr eYykg d ks l kSai fn; k vkSjd gk & ; g vki d s i kl / hjey d h vekur gS A ge ml d ks l Uns' k Hkst jgs gS og vkd jv i uh vekur vki l s ys t k, xk A bl i zd kj xq#nso us vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* ykSVk fn; k A

bl ?kVuk d s yEcs l e; i ' pkr ~~ t c xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us l kcks dh r yo.Mh] ft ykcfBaMk esa neneh Vd ' kky* (xq: efr i zf' k{k. k d sUnz) LFkkfi r fd ; k r ks mud ks ml l e;vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* d h vko' ; d r k vuqHko gqbZ A mUgksaus / hjey d ks l Uns' k Hkst k vkSjvkxzg fd ; k fd d i ; k vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* mUgsa nas ft l l s ; qok i hM+h d ks i zf' k{kr fd ; k t kl d s i jUr q / hjey us chM+ nsus l s bUd kj d j fn; k A bl i j xq#nso Lo; a mud s i kl x; s

{213}

xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s fj ' r s esa og r kÅ d s cM+s csVs Fks A vr % xq#nso us mud ks cgqr l Eekufn; k i jUr q / hjey us mud s vuqjks/ d ks Bqd jkr s gq, cgqr d Vw opuksa d k i z; ksx fd ; k &r qe Lo; a d ks xq# d gykr s gks i jUr q u; s xzaFk d h jpuk ugha d j l d r s \ okLr o esa fl D[ kksad k xq# eSa gw¡ D; ksafd vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* eq>s fojkl r esa feyk gS A bl vgad kj i zofr d sd Bksj opu l qud j xq#nso d s eq[ k l s l fgt Hkko esa ' kCn fud ys & r qe fl D[ kksa d s xq#d nkfpr ugha cu l d r s] gk¡ r qe Hkwr &i zsr ksa d s xq# d gykus ; ksX; gks D; ksafd r qEgkjh fopkj /kjk gh , sl h gS A l e; d s i zokg us mud h l Ur kuksa d ks Hkwr &i zsr ksa d k xq# cuk fn; k vkSj xq#nsod s opu l R; fl ¼ gq, A ckck cM+Hkkx fl a?k / hjey d h i k¡poh i q' r esa l s gSa A bl ?kVukd s i ' pkr ~~ xq#nso us Lo; a vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* d h ok. kh i qu% mPpkj. k d h vkSj HkkbZ euh fl a?kt h l s fy[ kokbZ A ckn esa n' ke i kr ' kkg us ukSosa xq# r sx cgknwj l kfgc d h ok. kh Hkh bl xazFkesa l fEeyr d j nh A

t c ; g l wpuk / hjey d ks feyh fd xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* d kfuekZ.k d j fy; k gS r ks og bZ"; kZ esa t y mBk A ml d s el Unksa us ml d ks [ kwc mÙksft r fd ; kft l l s og] xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h }kjk j fpr vkfn xzaFk l kfgc* i j ' kad k; sa i zxV d jus yxkfd ; g d Sl s l EHko gks l d r k gS t ks xzaFk ml d s i kl gS ml d h ud y fcuk ns[ ks xq# xksfcUnfl a?k d Sl s r S; kj d j l d r k gS \ bl fy, xq# xksfcUn fl a?k }kjk j fpr vkfn xzaFk esa d qN=kqfV; k¡ vo' ; gksaxh A bl i zd kj og i zfr Li / kZ d h vkx esa t yr k gqvk og vi us l kFk ewyvkfn xzaFk l kfgc* d h chM+ ysd j l kcks d h r yo.Mh* i gq¡pk A ml us xq#nso d s l e{k nksuksaxazFkksa d s feyku d k i zLr ko j [ kk A xq#nso us l g"kZ ; g vuqj ks/ Lohd kj d j fy; k AQyLo: i nksuksa i {kksa us vi us&vi us xzaFkksa d k , d &, d v{kj feyku fd ; k i jUr q d ksbZvUr j ugha i k; k x; k A d soy ukSosa xq# r sx cgknqj t h d h jpuk, ¡ gh vf/ d Fkha t ks fdbl ckj l ad fyr d h xbZ Fkh A

xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us v i us f' k"; ksa d ks t c ver / kj . k d jk; k Fkk r ks ml l e;mUgksaus , d fo' ks"k vkns' k t kjh fd ; k Fkk fd mud s f' k"; jkejk; r Fkk / hjey d s f' k"; ksa l sd ksbZ l aca/ ugha j [ ksaxs A vkxs pyd j / hjey d h l ar ku esa l s , d O; fDr ] ft l d k ukeoMHkkx fl a?k Fkk ml us Hkwr ksa i zsr ksa d ks cl esa d jus d s ea=kksa d h fl f¼ d h r Fkk ukgj fl a?k ohj

{214}

t Sl s cy' kkyh Hkwr ksa d ks cl esa d j fy; k ft l l s og yksxksa d s i zsr ck/ k nwj d jus yxk A bli zd kj os yksx okLr o esa gh Hkwr i zsr ksa d s xq# cus A

Jo. k fl a?k % i jUr q ogk¡ i j cgqr l s fl [ k yksx Hkh r ks t kr s ns[ ks x; s gSa \

vt hr % t Sl k fd eSa i gys gh vki d ks cr k pqd k gw¡ fd d qN yksx vKkur ko' k t kr sgSa A t Sl s vki d s l kFk ?kVuk gqbZ A i jUr q d qN yksx i zHkq d s uke d s fcuk t hou O; r hrd jus i j Hkwr i zsr ksa t Sl h gh vkRek j [ kr s gSa A vr % og Lo; a ekuo : i esa i zsr gksr s gSa A , sl sesa mUgksaus r ks ogk¡ t kuk gh gS A Hkys gh mUgksaus nk<+h d s' k j [ ks gq, gh D; ksa u gks A okLr oesa fl [ k r ks og gS t ks vkn' kZ t hou t hr k gS r Fkk i zHkq uke esa [ kks; k jgr k gS A eSa ; gk¡ ; gckr xkjaVh l s dgr k gw¡ fd i zHkq fpar u ; k Hkt u canxh okyk O; fDr pkgs og d ksbZ Hkh gks ogk¡d Hkh Hkh ugha t kr k r Fkk u gh ml s bl ckr d h vko' ; d r k gh i M+r h gS A xq# xksfcUn fl a?kt h d gr s gSa µ

t kxr t ksr t i S ful ckl qj , d fcuk eu uSd u vkuS A

i wju i zse i zr hr l t S czr xksj eM+h eB Hkwy u ekuS AA

r hjFk nku n; k r i l a; e] , d fcuk ufg , d i NkuS A

i wju t ksr t xS ?kV eS] r c [ kkyl r kfg u[ +kkyl t kuS AA

xq: xksfcUn fl a?k

bl l c fopkj ds chp gh ckdh yksx i hj dh et +kj l s oki l ykSV vk, r Fkk i wNus yxsfd os yksx ogk¡ D; ksa cSBs gSa \ Åi j Vhys i j t +; kj r d s fy, D; ksa ugha x; s \

jes' k % eSa xkM+h d h ns[ kHkky d s fy, ; gk¡ gh Bgj x; k Fkk A

Jo. k fl a?k % esjk eu ugha gks jgk Fkk A

jes' k % t Qj Hkb; k] D; k eUur ekaxh] r qeus \

t Qj % t ks pkfg, Fkk ekax fy; k A

{215}

fot ; % eSaus r ks i zeks' ku d s fy, eUur ekaxh A

foDVj % eSaus vi uh i Ruh d s LokLF; d h d keuk d h A

vt hr % r qe l c , d gh l hek esa ca/ s i M+s gks A yxHkx l Hkh d h ekax LokFkZ fl f¼ r dgh l hfer gS A D; ksafd yksxksa d h ekufl d voLFkk gh , d t Sl h gS A

t Qj % r sjk , sl k d gus l s D; k er yc gS \

vt hr % okLr o esa t ks d ke r qEgsa l cl s vkl ku yxr k gS A vl y esa og l cl s d fBud ke gS A

t Qj % r qe d guk D; k pkgr s gks \

vt hr % r qEgkjh nf"V eaas Hkh[ k ekaxuk l cl s vkl ku gS A i jUr q ; g d k; Z nqfu; k d sl cl s d fBu d k; ks± esa l s , d gS A okLr o eas ekaxuk ; k Hkh[ k ekaxuk , d cgqr cM+k gqUuj; k vkVZ gS A ; g l k/ kj . k yksxksa d s cl d h ckr ugha A

fot ; % D; k geus t ks ekaxk og Bhd ugha Fkk \

vt hr % okLr o esa l Hkh i zd kj d s fHk[ kkfj ; ksa d h vi uh vyx&vyx {ker k gksr h gSAog vi uh {ker k l s vf/ d ekax gh ugha l d r s A

fot ; % D; k er yc \

vt hr % fHk[ kkjh d bZ i zd kj d s gksr s gSa A , d l k/ kj . k fHk[ kkjh t ks QqVi kFkksa i j Hkh[ kekaxr s gSa A ckcw , d i Sl k ns nks A nwl js os t ks eaMfy; k¡ cukd j pans d s : i esa Hkh[ k ekaxr sgSaA vc bu eaMfy; ksa d k Hkh vi uk Lr j r Fkk {ker k gksr h gS A d ksbZ nks&pkj : i ; s] d ksbZnks&pkj l kS : i ; s r Fkk d ksbZ nks&pkj gt kj : i ; s ekaxr k gS A esjs d gus d k vFkZ gS l c ekaxgh jgs gSa i jUr q l cd h ekaxus d h {ker k r Fkk Lr j vyx&vyx gS A bl fy, D; k ekaxk t k,fd nkr k ; k nkr h ekax vo' ; i wjh d jsa A ; g l c d qN l h[ kuk i M+r k gS r Fkk vi uk Lr j ; kvi uh ekax {ker k ogka r d ys t kuh gksr h gS A bl fy, egki q: "kksa d k d Fku gS µ

{216}

ekaxuk ekaxuq uhd k] gfj t l q xqj r s ekaxuk AA4AA

fr vkxuk fr vkxuq uhd k] d keq] Øks/ q] yksHkq fr vkxuk AA3AA

t kxuk t kxuq uhd k gfj d hj r u efg t kxuk AA5AA

(Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc] vax ûúûø)

fot ; % D; k geus Hkh[ k ekaxh gS \

vt hr % ugha r ks r qe ogk¡ d qN eksy [ kjhnus x; s Fks A

fot ; % i hj Qd hjksa l s l Hkh yksx d qN u d qN ekaxr s gh t kr s gSa A t cfd mUgksausd ksbZ ubZ ckr r ks d h ugha A

vt hr % ekaxus l s r qEgsa d kSu euk d j r k gS A i jUr q D; k ekaxk t k, A fd l l s ekaxkt k, ] vkSj ekaxus d k gd Hkh gS ; k ugha] ; g r ks l kspuk gh pkfg, A

fot ; % eq>s r qEgkjh i gsfy; k¡ l e> esa ugha vk jgh gSa A

vt hr % ckr d ks l e>us d h d ksf' k' k d jks A eku yks eSa r qel s d qN ekaxr k gw¡ r Fkk r qeeq>s og oLr q ns nsr s gks r ks r qEgkjk eq> i j , gl ku gks x; k A vc nwl jh i fj fLFkfr esa ; fneSa r qEgkjs fd l h d ke vkr k gw¡ r Fkk r qe eq>s ml d s cnys eas d qN ns nks r ks og yxHkx fgl kccjkcj d k gS A bl esa , d nwl js i j , gl ku ugha A vc r hl jh i fj fLFkfr esa ; fn eSa r qEgkjkd ksbZ d ke fu%LokFkZ Hkkouk l s d j r k gw¡ A cnys esa r qel s d qN ugha pkgr k r ks bl ckj esjkr sjs i j , gl ku gksxk A vc r qe ân; d h vPNh Hkkoukvksa l s [ kq' k gksd j Hkys gh esjs fcukek¡xs eq>s d bZ xquk ykHk i gq¡pkvksxs A D; ksafd r qe ; gh pkgksxs fd r qe gj gkyr esa esjs, gl ku d k cnyk pqd k nks

esjk ; g l c d gus d k vFkZ gS & t c fd l h l s d qN ekaxsa] Hkys gh Hkxoku l s gh] r ksi gys ; g l ksp ysa fd ml oLr q d ks ekaxus d s ; ksX; Hkh gS ; k ugha A vxj gS r ks D; k ek¡xd j xyr h r ks ugha d j jgs \ bZ' oj r ks fcuk ekaxs nsus okyk gS A og , d fi r k d h r jgl cd h vko' ; d r k, ¡ t kur k gS A ; fn os fd l h fo' ks"k oLr q d s i k=k gq, r ks og Lo; a gh ns

{217}

nsxk A euq"; d ks r ks d soy ml d h d i k d s i k=k cuus d k i z; Ru d j r s jguk pkfg, AD; ksafd gks l d r k gS ml d h d i k nf"V d ksbZ vewY; oLr q nsus d h gks r Fkk ekaxus d h vknrl s et cwj euq"; d ksbZ NksVh l h r qPN oLr q gh ekaxs A ft l l s og ogh r qPN oLr q gh ysd jjg t k, A

fot ; % d ksbZ mnkgj . k cr kvks A

vt hr % , d ckj d h ?kVuk gS fd fl D[ kksa ds NBs xq# gjxksfcaUn l kfgc t h , d l sodl s xq: ck. kh d k i kB l qu jgs Fks A og l sod xq: ok. kh d k i kB cgqr ' kq¼ r Fkk , d kxz eul s d j jgk Fkk A vr % xq#nso ml i j vfr i zl Uu gks x; s r Fkk og vi uh xn~nh l s l jd usyxs A i jUr q ml l sod d s eu esa xq: ok. kh d s vafr e i | ksa esa i gq¡pus i j l ad Yi mRi Uu gqvkfd vxj ml s xq#nso vi uh ?kksM+h ns nsa r ks D; k gh vPNk gks A cl xq# t h us fQj l s vi usvkl u i j ; Fkk LFkku cSB x; s A t Sl s gh xq: ok. kh d k i kB l ekIr gqvk r ks mUgksaus ml l sodd ks d gk & ge r ks vkt r sjs i j vfr i zl Uu gq, Fks t ks ml ss vi uk fl agkl u gh ns jgs Fks Ai jUr q ml us d Yi uk eas d soy , d ?kksM+h gh ekaxh A bl fy, vc os ?kksM+h gh ns jgs gSa A

foDVj % eSa r qEgkjs fopkjksa l s l ger gw¡ A i jUr q d Hkh&d Hkh vi us i zHkq l s d qN ekaxukHkh i M+r k gS A

vt hr % ogh r ks eSa d g jgk Fkk fd fcuk t : j r d Hkh d qN ugha ekaxuk pkfg, A ; fnt : j r i M+s r ks d ksbZ vPNh oLr q ekaxuh pkfg, A ft l l s fQj d Hkh ekaxus d h vko' ; d r kgh u i M+s A

fot ; % r sjs d gus d k vFkZ gS ge ykyp esa va/ s gksd j ekaxsa A

vt hr % fQj ogh ckr A eSa ; gh r ks cr k jgk gw¡ fd ekaxuk Hkh l h[ kuk i M+r k gS Abl hfy, eSaus cr k; k fd ¶ekaxuk ekaxuq uhd k A ogh oLr q ekaxks t ks ekaxus ; ksX; gS A esjsd gus d k vFkZ gS vxj r qEgsa / u gh ekaxuk gS r ks ekaxks fd gs i zHkq esjs i kl / u d h d eh ugks A esjs d ke d kt esa cjd r sa i M+sa A r sjh d i k nf"V eq> i j l nk jgs A eSa fd l h d keksgr kt d Hkh u cuw¡ bR; kfn A bl esa l Hkh d qN r ks vk t kr k gS A

{218}

t Qj % vt hr d h ckr esa ot +u r ks gS A vPNk r ks vt hr HkkbZ r qe gesa vkt ekaxukgh fl [ kk nks A

vt hr % bl d s fy, eSa r qEgsa , d d gkuh l qukr k gw¡ A ml esa l s r qe yksx l h[ k* vi usvki ysuk A

i zkphu dky d h , d ?kVuk gS fd , d jkt k d k nsgkar gks x; k A ml d s i ' pkr ~ ml d sjkt d qekj us ' kkl u O; oLFkk vi us gkFk esa ys yh A r Hkh jkt ekr k us jkt d qekj d k fookgd jus dk fu' p; fd ; k A i jUr q jkt d qekj , d cgqr i zfr Hkk' kkyh i Ruh d h d keuk d j jgkFkk t ks ml d s ' kkl u O; oLFkk d jus esa l g; ksx ns A vr % ml us jkt ekr k d h vkKk l s vi usl eLr jkT; esa , d vkns' k t kjh d j fn; k fd eq>s fookg d s fy, , d l q; ksX; yM+d h d h[ kkst gS t ks ; qofr ; k¡ bl d s fy, mEehnokj cuuk pkgr ha gSa os vi us fuosnu i =k Hkst sa A fQjD; k Fkk \ fuosnu i =kksa dk <sj yx x; k A jkt d qekj us l Hkh ; qofr ; ksa dks vkeaf=kr d j fy; kAt c l Hkh uo ; qofr ; ka fuf' pr LFkku i j bdV~Bh gqb± r ks jkt d qekj us mud ks , d l axzgky;esa Hkst k t gk¡ l s i zR; sd ; qor h d ks vi us eu i l Un d k mi gkj jkt d qekj d h r jQ l s HkasVd s : i esa Lohd kj d jus gsr q pquuk Fkk A l ks ml l axzgky; esa l Hkh ; qofr ; ksa us , d &, dcgqeqY; mi gkj vi us fy, pqu d j ys fy; k A i jUr q , d ; qor h ml l axzgky; d h i zR; sdoLr q d ks è; ku l s ns[ kr h r Fkk og vkxs c<+ t kr h A t c l c ; qofr ; k¡ vi us eu i l ancgqewY; mi gkj ysd j pyh xb± r ks ogh , d ; qor h vd syh ogk¡ i j jg xbZ A og l axzgky;d s }kj i j jkt d qekj d h ewfr Z d s i kl [ kM+h gks xbZ A t c l axzgky; d s can gksus d k l e;gqvk r ks ml d ks l axzgky; d s }kj i ky us i wNk & D; k vki d ks d ksbZ oLr q i l an ugha vkbZ Abl i j ml ; qor h us ml }kj i ky l s i wNk & D; k ; g jkt d qekj okyh ewfr Z Hkh bl l axzgky;d s mi gkjksa esa l fEefyr gS A }kj i ky us d gk & gk¡ A ; g l qu og ; qor h cksyh r ks eq>scl ; gh jkt d qekj okyh ewfr Z gh pkfg, A ; g ns[ k }kj i ky cksyk A vki ; g r qPN l h oLr qD; ksa ysuk pkgr h gSa \ bl i j ml ; qor h us mÙkj fn; k & t c bl i znZ' kuh d s Lokeh d ksvi uk cuk fy; k r ks ; g l kjh d h l kjh i zn' kZuh esjh gks xbZ A ; g l qu }kj i ky d s : i esa [ kM+s; qojkt us r qjUr ml ; qor h d ks vi uh i Ruh pqu fy; k r Fkk ml l s fookg d j fy; k A

{219}

fot ; % bl d k vFkZ ; g gqvk fd Hkxoku l s Hkh t ks ekaxuk gS og pr qjkbZ l s ekaxk t k; sA

vt hr % fcYdqy ugha A r qeus ckr dks è; ku l s l quk gh ugha A ; gk¡ bl d gkuh esa Li "Vfd ; k x; k gS fd gesa nkr ksa ; kuh oLr q, a l s ugha nkr kj l s I; kj d juk pkfg, A vFkkZr gesaoLr qvksa l s ugha cfYd oLr qvksa d s nsus okys l s I; kj d juk gS A gesa r ks / u] nkSyr ] eksVj ]ed ku bR; kfn l s I; kj d jus d h vknr gS A i jUr q ml i zHkq d ks ft l us ; g l c d qN fn; kgS A Hkwy t kr s gSa A

t Qj % bl d gkuh esa ; g ckr Hkh r ks gS fd ekaxus d s l e; FkksM+k pr qjkbZ d s l kFk d keysuk pkfg, A

vt hr % eq>s , d vkSj ckr ; kn vk xbZ gS A , d HkDr us i zHkq d h [ kwc HkfDr d hAt c i zHkq i zl Uu gks x; s r ks mUgksaus d gk &ekaxks r qEgsa D; k pkfg, A og HkDr d gus yxk& i zHkq eSaus cgqr d fBu r i L; k d h gS A bl fy, eq>s r ks vki esjh l eLr r i L; k d ki wjk&i wjk Qy nsa A ; g pr qjkbZ ns[ k i zHkq d gus yxs & Bhd gS ge , sl k gh d jsaxs A bli j / eZjkt ys[ kk ysd j mi fLFkr gks x; k r Fkk d gus yxk & gs i zHkq ! bl f' kyk d h i zkFkZukgS fd ; g vki d k HkDr eq> i j cSBk d bZ o"kZ r i L; k d j r k jgk gS vr % vc U; k; gksukpkfg, vkSj eq>s mr uk gh l e; bl HkDr i j cSBd j r i L; k d jus dk vf/ dkj gksuk pkfg, Abl i j i zHkq us dgk Bhd gS A vc HkDr d s Åi j og Hkkjh Hkjde f' kyk l okj gqbZ r ks HkDrfpYykus yxk & gs i zHkq ! eq>s {kek d jsa A eq> l s Hkwy gqbZ A eSa vi uh r i L; k d s vfHkekues pr qjkbZ fn[ kkus yxk Fkk l ks vc eq> esa vgad kj i zofÙk ugha jgh A eSa i gys vki d h yhykd ks ugha t ku i k; k Fkk vr % {kek d jsa A

foDVj % fQj fd l i zd kj ekaxuk pkfg, \

vt hr % bl i zd kj ekaxuk pkfg, &

fo. kq r q/ q gks# ft eax. kk fl fj nq[ kk d S nq[ k AA

nsfg ukeq l ar ks[ khvk mr jS eud h Hkq[ k AAi "B ùÿø

{220}

vFkkZr gs i zHkq ! eSa l al kfjd l q[ kksa okyh oLr qvksa esa l s d qN ugha ekax l d r k A D; ksafdbud ks i zkIr d j ysus d s i ' pkr ~ Hkh d Hkh fd l h d ks l q[ kh gksr s ns[ kk ugha x; k A vr % d soyr sjk uke gh pkgr k gw¡ A ft l d s i zkIr gksr s gh eu esa l ar ks"k vk t k; s r Fkk eu d h r ". kk ghfeV t k; s A

, sl s gh cgqr l s vU; mnkgj . k gSa A

jes' k % pyks HkkbZ yksxksa A xkM+h esa cSBks A

vc vkxs pyr s gSa A r Hkh l c ; Fkk LFkku cSB t kr s gSa r Fkk eaft y d h r jQ py i M+r sgSa A FkksM+s gh l e; esa vi us fuf' pr LFkku i j i gq¡p t kr s gSa A

foDVj % i gys t Ynh l s d ke fui Vk ysr s gSa A fQj d gha unh fd ukjs [ kkus d h r S; kjhd j r s gSa A

l Hkh vi us&vi us d ke esa t qV t kr s gSa r Fkk ?kaVs Hkj esa gh d ke fui Vk d j [ kkus d hr S; kjh d j r s gSa A

fot ; % vki yksx unh fdukjs d ksbZ vPNh l h t xg <wa<ks A eSa i Sd yUp d s fMCcs mBkd j ykr k gw¡ A

l Hkh fe=k unh fd ukjs gkFk / ksd j , d LoPN LFkku i j cSBs t kr s gSa A jes' k vi uhxkM+h esa l s Vªkaft LVj fud ky ykr k gS r Fkk fofo/ Hkkj r h }kjk i zl kfj r xkus l quus yxr k gS Ar Hkh l R; d ke fQYe dk , d xkuk vkneh gS cUnj vkneh gS yV~Vw* ' kh"kZd l s ct us yxr kgS A

Jo. k fl a?k % ; g D; k cd okl xkuk gS A

vt hr % xkuk r ks okd bZ okfg; kr gS A i jUr q ; g fQYe ykt okc Fkh A

t Qj % bl fQYe esa Fkk D; k \ , d l R; d s i Fk i j pyus okys dks dne&d ne i jBksd jsa vi eku r Fkk xjhch] Hkq[ kejh d h ekj l guh i M+r h gS A

{221}

vt hr % gk¡ A ; g r ks Fkk gh i jUr q bl d s l kFk vkSj cgqr d qN Fkk t ks vki d h vk¡[ kksaus ugha ns[ kk A

t Qj % og D; k Fkk \ d i ; k gesa Hkh cr kus d k d "V d jsa A

vt hr % ml fQYe dh d gkuh esa , d r jQ / u nkSyr , s' o; Z Fkk A nwl jh r jQ d hfr Z]; ' k] vkRe l Ur ks"k] l Eeku] vknj ] i zfr "Bk r Fkk vkRe&xkSjo gS A

t Qj % FkksM+k foLr kj l s cr kvks \

vt hr % r qe t kur s gks A l R; d ke gj LFkku i j l ekt esa QSy jgh cqjkbZ; ksa r FkkHkz"Vkpkj d k fojks/ d jr k gS A ft l d kj . k ml d s LFkku&LFkku i j ' k=kq mRi Uu gks t kr sgSa A i jUr q ml d s ' k=kq Hkh ml d h bZekunkjh ns[ kd j ml d k eu gh eu l Eeku d jus yxr sgSa A fo' ks"kd j og Bsd snkj ft l d ks yk[ kksa : i ; s d h gkfu gksr h gS A d soy bl fy, l R; d ked h nf"V esa ml d s l Hkh d keksa eaas Hkz"Vkpkj fNi k gS A i jUr q og Bsd snkj l R; d ke d k Hkkjh' k=kq gksus d s ckot wn t c ; g ns[ kr k gS fd l R; d ke okLr o esa vfr bZekunkj O; fDr gS r Fkkog chekj gS A i jUr q xjhch ds d kj. k vi uk bZykt Hkh ugha d jk i k jgk r ks Bsd snkj d s ân;esa l R; d ke d s fy, vFkkg Lusg meM+ i M+r k gS r Fkk og l R; d ke d k bZykt d jokus d hl kspr k gS A bl d k Li "V vFkZ Fkk fd l R; d ke vi us l R; d s ekxZ l s ' k=kqvksa d k eu Hkht hr ysr k gS A bl fQYe d k vFkZ Fkk A vki d ksbZ , d oLr q pqu l d r s gSa A , d r jQ/ u nkSyr r Fkk , s' o; Z nwl jh r jQ dhfr Z ; ' k] t ks fd l h dher esa Hkh ugha [ kjhnk t k l d r kAd soy vkRe l a; e r Fkk R; kx l s i zkIr gksr k gS A

t Qj % ; g , d fQYeh eu x<+r d gkuh Fkh A ; FkkFkZ esa , sl k O; fDr feyuk eqf' d ygh ugha vl EHko Hkh gS A

vt hr % r qe cgqr gh Hkze esa gks A bl ekuo l ekt esa gj d ky esa gj i zd kj d sO; fDr gksr s gh jgr s gSa A fd l h Hkh oLr q d k uk' k ugha gks l d r k A vkfn d ky l s vPNkbZr Fkk cqjkbZ l kFk&l kFk pyr h jgh gS A gk¡ ; g vo' ; gS d Hkh vPNs fopkjksa okys yksxksa d hl a[ ; k d e r Fkk d Hkh vf/ d gksr h jgh gS A i jUr q vPNs O; fDr d s u gksus d k r ks i z' ugh ugha mBr k A

{222}

t Qj % , sl s fd l h O; fDr d k uke r ks cr kvks ft l us / u] nkSyr ] , s' o; Z dks Bqd jk; kgks r Fkk ml d s uke d h d hfr Z nwj&nwj r d QSyh gks \

vt hr % gekjs ns' k esa cgqr l s usr k gq, gSa A i jUr q , d yky cgknqj ' kkL=kh , sl s egkuusr k gq, gSa A ft Ugksaus t u l k/ kj . k d k eu d soy vi uh bZekunkjh] R; kx r Fkk l a; e l st hr fy; k Fkk A okLr o eass mUgksaus / u&nkSyr ] , s' o; Z d s l k/ uksa d ks Bqd jk; k Fkk A bl fy,esjh l e> esa mud h vkt r d ckd h l eLr usr kvksa l s vf/ d i zfr "Bk cuh gqbZ gS A

l Hkh fe=kx.k l R; dke fQYe dh l eh{kk cgqr pko l s l qur s gSa A vc fot ; HkkbZ [ kkukyxk nsr s gSa r Fkk l Hkh fey ck¡Vd j [ kkuk [ kkr s gSa A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ d qN nsj gjh ?kkl i jfoJke d j r s gSa A foJke d s ckn vi us&vi us d ke esa t qV t kr s gSa A d ke vf/ d gSi jUr q l Hkh fe=k ; qfuV eas i gq¡pus d s fopkj l s , d t qV gksd j , sD; wi eSaVl d k Bhd l sbUl i SD' ku d jr s gSa r Fkk QkeZ Hkh fQyvi d jr s t kr s gSa A bl fy, fu/ kZfj r l e; i j l HkhQql Zr i k t kr s gSa r Fkk vi uh ; qfuV d h r jQ py i M+r s gSa A ; qfuV esa oki l i gq¡pus i j l aè; kgks pqd h gksr h gS A bl fy, fcuk nsj fd ; s l Hkh fe=kx. k ' kkSp&Luku d s fy, pys t kr sgSa A oki l ykSVus i j vkt ; qfuV eafnj l s Hkt uksa d s xk; s t kus d h vkokt + vkr h gS A

t Qj % ; g vkokt + d gk¡ l s vk jgh gS \

vt hr % vkt eaxyokj gS A bl fy, efUnj esa Hkt u xk; s t k jgs gSa A

r Hkh Hkt u d h l ekfIr i j t ksjksa l s Loj xwat r k gS A cksy d ". k Hkxoku d h t ; ] cksy' kad j Hkxoku d h t ; ] cksy fo". kq Hkxoku d h t ; A

foDVj % vt hr HkkbZ ; g Hkxoku fd r us gSa \

vt hr % fot ; l s gh i wNks A

fot ; % Hkxoku r ks , d gh gksr k gS A

foDVj % fQj ; g D; k \ ' k¡d j Hkh Hkxoku] d ". k Hkh Hkxoku] fo". kq Hkh Hkxoku \

fot ; % Hkxoku d s vusd : i gSa A

{223}

foDVj % t c Hkxoku , d gh gksr k gS r ks Hkxoku d h t ; d g nsus ek=k l s l Hkh d ht ; gks t kr h gS A fQj vyx&vyx uke ysd j mud h t ; d gus d h D; k vko' ; d r kgS A

fot ; % ; g HkDr ksa d h bPNk i j gS A os i zHkq d ks vusd : i ksa esa ; kn d j r s gSa r Fkk t ;d gr s gSa A

foDVj % ckr d k mÙkj d ksbZ l ar ks"kt ud ugha feyk \

vt hr % foDVj HkkbZ l Hkh esa , sl k gh gS A d ksbZ fd l h d ks l ar ks"kt ud mÙkj ugha nsi kr k A

foDVj % esjs l s i z' u d jks A eSa r qEgsa l ar ks"kt ud mÙkj nw¡xk A

vt hr % ckbZcy d s vuql kj ; ' kq el hg bZ' oj d s bd ykSr s i q=k gSa r ks ; g ckd h yksxfd l dh l ar ku gSa ; k fQj ckd h l f"V d k d ksbZ vyx l s fi r k : i esa i zHkq gksuk pkfg, A ughar ks ; ' kq l kfgc d k i zHkq ; k bZ' oj d k bd ykSr k i q=k gksuk >wBk gS A ckr ; gha i j l ekIr ughagksr h A ; fn ; ' kq l kfgc bZ' oj d s bd ykSr s i q=k gSa r ks i zHkq ; k bZ' oj fd l d k i q=k gS Amud h i Ruh d kSu gS bR; kfn A bl i zd kj d s vusd i z' u mB [ kM+s gksr s gSa A esjs bl i zd kjd s i z' uksa d k d e l s d e r qe mÙkj ugha ns l d r s A

foDVj % eSaus bl i zd kj d s i z' u i j d Hkh fopkj fd ; k gh ugha Fkk A [ kSj--- bl j fookjd ks eSa ppZ esa t kd j Qknj l s i wNw¡xk A

vt hr % t c r qe Qknj l s , d i z' u i wNksxs r ks ogk¡ esjs d qN vksj i z' u Hkh i wN ysukA

foDVj % og i z' u D; k gSa \

vt hr % oSKkfud ksa d s vuql kj d soy ge i Foh fuokfl ; ksa d s fy, fnu jkr gS A t cge vUr fj {k esa t kr s gSa r ks ogk¡ d ksbZ fnu j kr ugha gS A D; ksafd gekjs l kSj eaMy esa , dl w; Z r Fkk i Foh l fgr ukS xzg gSa A vc gekjs l kSj e.My t Sl s d jksM+ksa l kSj e.My , d czã.Meas gSa r ks i zHkq us bl l f"V d h jpuk d soy 6 fnu esa d Sl s d j nh A bl l e; d k fu/ kZj . k

{224}

fd l us fd ; k \ D; k i zHkq Hkh d ksbZ bat hfu; j gS ; k ed Sfud ; k d ksbZ d kjhxj gS ft l d s fy,geus l e; fuf' pr fd ; k gS A

foDVj % r qe d guk D; k pkgr s gks \ esjh l e> esa d qN ugha vk; k A

vt hr % ckbZcy d s vuql kj i zHkq us 6 fnu esa l f"V d h mRi fÙk d h gS A i gys fnui Foh bR; kfn cukbZ A fQj ouLi fr ] fQj i ' kq&i {kh] fQj l w; Z&pUnzek] fQj gok&i kuhr Fkk fQj euq"; A Bhd bl h i zd kj ft l i zd kj d ksbZ ed Sfud d ksbZ xkM+h , sl SEcy d j nsr kgS A

foDVj % vPNk r ks Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc esa i Foh d h mRi fÙk d s fo"k; esa D; k fy[ kk gS\

vt hr % gekj s xzaFkksa esa r ks i zHkq d h efgek esa ; gh d gk x; k gS fd og vuar gS Aml d k Hksn d ksbZ ugha i k l d r k A ml d h efgek fy[ kh ugha t k l d r h A og vouhZ; gSAbl fy, ml d k d ksbZ uki &r ksy cr kuk egkew[ kZr k gS A i Foh d h mRi fÙk d jksM+ksa ckj ml d sgqDe l s {k. k ek=k ; k d Yi uk ek=k l s gh gksr h jgh gS r Fkk fouk' k Hkh gksr k jgk gS A

bl ckr d ks Li "V d jus d s fy, xq: ok. kh d h i afDr gS µ

vki huS vki q l kft vks] vki uS j fpvks ukm A

nq; h d qnj fr l kt h, s] d fj vkl . kq fMBks pkm AA

nkr k d j r k vkfi r aw] r qfl nsofg d j fg i l km A

r aw t k. kksbZ l Hkl S ns] ySl fg ft anq d okm AA

d fj vkl . kq fMBks pkm AAi "B þöý

vFkkZr gs i zHkq r qe us Lo; a d ks Lo; a gh cuk; k gS r Fkk vi uk uke Hkh r qe us Lo; a ghj [ kk gS r Fkk bl d s i ' pkr ~ r qeus i zd fr d k fuekZ.k fd ; k gS A ft l esa r qe Lo; a fojkt ekugks x; s gks r Fkk vi uh cukbZ l f"V d k Lo; a r ek' kk ns[ k jgs gks A Hkko&Lo; a gh l f"V esa

{225}

ck/ d gksd j l f"V d k l apkyu d j jgs gks r Fkk Lo; a gh l f"V d k [ ksy ns[ k jgs gks A

foDVj % r sjk nwl jk i z' u D; k gS \

vt hr % ; gh fd ckbZcy d s vuql kj i zHkq us i Foh i j egki jyks d h A i jUr q i zHkq d s, d l sod us fd ' r h cukbZ ft l es l Hkh i zd kj d s i zkf. k; ksa d k , d &, d t ksM+k ml fd ' r hesa j [ k fy; k A t c egki jyks ; k o"kkZ d k i kuh mr jk r ks fQj l s ml fd ' r h d s cps gq,i zkf. k; ksa l s l f"V d h mRi fÙk gqbZ A

foDVj % D; k er yc \

vt hr % ; gh fd ft l i zHkq us i gys l f"V d h mRi fÙk d h Fkh D; k og nqckjk l f"V d hmRi fÙk ugha d j l d r k Fkk A ; fn i zHkq us vi us l sod d ks ; gh vkns' k nsuk Fkk fd r qe l Hkhi zkf. k; ksa d k , d &, d t ksM+k fd ' r h }kjk l qj f{kr j [ kks A r ks ; g i z' u ; gha i j l ekIr ughagksr k A bl i j vusd vkSj Hkh i z' u mBr s gSa fd og fd ' r h fd r uh cM+h Fkh A ft l esa yk[ kksai zd kj d s i zkf. k; ksa d s t ksM+s d Sl s vk x; s r Fkk mud ks , d LkkFk d Sl s j [ k x; k \ mu fofHkUui zd kj d s i zkf. k; ksa d ks bd V~Bk fd l i zd kj fd ; k x; k r Fkk mud s 40 fnu r d Hkkst u d hD; k O; oLFkk d h xbZ bR; kfn \

foDVj % r sjs vkSj i z' u D; k&D; k gSa \

vt hr % ; gh fd i zHkq l kr osa vkl eku esa jgr k gS A t cfd oSKkfud ksa d s vuql kjvkl eku uke d h d ksbZ oLr q gS gh ugha \ ckbZcy d s vuql kj i Foh pi Vh gS t cfdoSKkfukd sa us Li "V fd ; k gS fd i Foh xksy gS A

foDVj % vPNk eSa r sjs bu i z' uksa d s mÙkj [ kkst fud kyw¡xk A

t Qj % r ks r qEgha cr kvks l c l s vPNk l Ei znk; d kSu l k gS \

vt hr % ; kj l Hkh l Ei znk; vPNs gSa A r qe bl pDd j esa D; ksa i M+ jgs gks \

t Qj % ugha] ugha A r qe br uk t kur s gks r ks d qN u d qN r ks cr kvks \

{226}

vt hr % gekjh Fk; ksjh d s vuql kj µ

l j c / j e efg Ï sl V / j eq AA

gfj d ks ukeq t fi fuj eyq d j eq AA

i "B üöö

vFkkZr l cl s mÙke / eZ gS i zHkq d k fpUr u ; k euu d juk r Fkk mPp vkpj . k j [ kukA

t c xq# ukud nso t h eDd s] enhus x; s r ks ogk¡ i j t hou uke d s ekSyoh us xq#nsol s i wNk fd r qEgkjh nf"V esa fgUnq vPNk gS ; k eql yeku r ks bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us d gk& ' kqHk veyka ck>ksa nksuksa j ksbZ* A vFkkZr vPNs t hou pfj=k d s fcuk nksuksa csd kj gSa A

t Qj % t c fd l h fo' ks"k l Ei znk; d ks vi ukus d k d ksbZ egÙo ugha gS A d soy gfjHkt u ; k bZcknr l s gh O; fDr Js"B cur k gS r ks bu cgqr l s l Ei znk; ksa d h D; k vko' ; d r ki M+ x; h Fkh t ks vkneh us bud h bZt kn d j yh \

vt hr % eSa bl i z' u d k mÙkj nsus l s i gys r sjs l s , d ckr i wNr k gw¡ fd ; fn d ksbZgt d jus t kuk pkgs r ks ml d s fy, dkSu&d kSu l s jkLr s gSa r Fkk d kSu l k l cl s vPNk jkLr kgS \

t Qj % ge Hkkjr okl h gt d s fy, r hu jkLr ksa l s t k l d r s gSa A i gys gokbZ t gkt +l s] nwl jk l eqUnzh t gkt + l s r Fkk r hl jk bZjku&bZjkd l s gksr s gq, i Sny A i jUr q l cl s vPNkr Fkk l cl s t Ynh i gq¡pkus okyk jkLr k gokbZ t gkt + gS A

vt hr % bl d k vFkZ gqvk fd eDd s r Fkk enhus t kus ds fy, yksx r hu vyx&vyxjkLr s vi ukr s gSa A t cfd l Hkh t kur s gSa fd gekjh eaft y , d gS r Fkk l cl s l qxe jkLr kgokbZ t gkt + d k gS A Bhd bl h i zdkj l Hkh yksxksa d k , d gh y{; gS & i zHkq i zkfIr ; k eks{ki zkfIr A i jUr q bl d s fy, cgqr l s l Ei znk; gSa A okLr o esa ; g vyx&vyx uke d sl Ei znk; i zHkq i zkfIr d s jkLr s gSa A vc d soy i z' u ; g jg t kr k gS fd d kSu l k jkLr k vkl kugS ; k d kSu l k et +gc vPNk gS \

{227}

t Sl k fd l Hkh yksx t kur s gSa fd eDd s t kus d s fy, gokbZ t gkt + d k jkLr k Bhd gSi jUr q l Hkh yksx bl j kLr s d ks v i uk ugha l d r s A ; g jkLr k vi ukuk cgqr l s yksxksa d h{ker k l s ckgj gksr k gS D; ksafd ; g jkLr k cgqr eagxk i M+r k gS A bl d s fy, / u vf/ dpkfg, A bl d s foi jhr l eqnzh jkLr s esa / u r ks d e yxr k gS i jUr q l e; vf/ d yxr k gSAcl ; gh ckr vyx&vyx et +gcksa d s fl ¼kar ksa i j ykxw gksr h gS A t Sl k fd ge t kur sgSa fd gokbZ t gkt + d k j kLr k l h/ k gS A og gesa fcuk dgha #ds] fcuk nsj fd ; s] fcuk i js' kkuhl h/ k eDd s i gq¡pk, xk A Bhd bl h i zd kj i zR; sd l Ei znk; d s fl ¼kar gSa A okLr o esa d ksbZHkh fl ¼kar xyr r ks ugha A ; g l Hkh fl ¼kar i zHkq feyu vo' ; d jk; saxs A i jUr q fd l hfl ¼kar esa l e; cgqr yxr k gS A vFkkZr d bZ t Ue ysus i M+ l d r s gSa A gk¡ ; g ckr vyxgS fd bu fl ¼kar ksa d ks vi ukus esa d ksbZ d fBukbZ ugha gksr h A D; ksafd bud s vi ukus esa d ksbZi fjJe ugha d juk gksr k r Fkk u gh buesa d ksbZ uke* d h d ekbZ d juh i M+r h gS A esjker yc fpUr u euu l s vykSfd d ' kfDr vft Zr d jus l s gS A okLr o esa t Sl s eDd s i gq¡pusds fy, t ks t gkt + l s t kuk pkgr k gS ml dks / u vf/ d [ kpZuk i M+r k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kjt ks i zHkq feyu d s fy, t Ynh eaft +y i j i gq¡puk pkgr k gS ml s Hkh i zHkq uke : i h / u i gysvft Zr d juk gksr k gS A ft l l s og l h/ s i zHkq d s i kl i gq¡p l d s A vc i z' u d soy ; ghgS fd fd l l Ei znk; d s fl ¼kar l h/ s i zHkq feyu d jkus d h {ker k j [ kr s gSa A d kSu l s fl ¼kar

l j y r Fkk l qxe gSa A d kSu l s fl ¼kar oSKkfud gSa r Fkk d kSu l s fl ¼kar va/ fo' okl h gSa\

vc ge l Hkh et +gcksa d s fl ¼kar ksa d ks , d nf"V l s ns[ ksaxs A yxHkx l Hkh l Ei znk; ksa esafeyu d s fy, nks jkLr s cr k; s x; s gSa A i gyk fujkd kj mi kl uk r Fkk nwl jk l kd kj mi kl ukA

fujkd kj mi kl uk esa d soy , d i zHkq d h mi kl uk gh gksr h gS A bl i zd kj d h mi kl ukesa d ksbZ nsoh nsor k ugha gksr k A ol d soy jkse&jkse esa jes jke d h mi kl uk d h t kr h gSAbl i zd kj d s jke d h mi kl uk esa d ksbZ ewfr Z ugha gksr h r ks l k/ d d ks fd l h i zd kj d k d ksbZozr use d jus d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k Hkh ugha gksr h A ml d ks d soy vi us var %d j . k esa i zHkwd ks cl kuk gh gksr k gS A bl i zd kj d h mi kl uk esa fd l h Hkh i zd kj d k d ksbZ i zHkq Hkt u d sfy, l e; Hkh fuf' pr ugha d juk gksr k A bl esa r ks eu d ks i zR; sd {k. k d soy i zHkq fpar uesa j [ kk t kr k gS A vr % egki q: "kksa d k d Fku gS µ

{228}

ÅBr cSBr l ksor t kxr , gq euq r q>fg fpr kjS AA i "B øüú

vFkkZr gj {k. k i zHkq r sjh vkjk/ uk esa O; r hr gks A

vc ge l kd kj mi kl uk d ks , d nf"V l s ns[ ksaxs A l kd kj mi kl uk esa , d fo' ks"k ewfr ZbR; kfn d h mi kl uk d s fy, cgqr l h l kexzh d h vko' ; d r k i M+r h gS A bl l kexzh d s gksusi j cgqr l s d eZ d k. M d jus i M+r s gSa r Fkk ml d s i ' pkr ~ ozr ] use d s fy, vyx&vyxl e; fuf' pr d jus i M+r s gSa A bl i zd kj l k/ d , d cgqr cM+s t at ky esa Q¡l d j jg t kr kgS r Fkk og vi us okLr fod i zHkq vkjk/ uk d s y{; l s HkVd t kr k gS A okLr o esa ; g i zHkqfeyu d k jkLr k cgqr gh yEck gks t kr k gS D; ksafd bl esa i zHkq d ks l h/ s ugha vjk/ k t kr k AcfYd mud s }kjk mRi Uu nsoh nsor kvksa d h gh mi kl uk d h t kr h gS A bl d s vfr fjDr bli zd kj d h mi kl uk esa cgqr l h voSKkfud ckr sa Hkh l fEefyr gks t kr h gS r Fkk O; fDr va/fo' okl h gks t kr k gS A

yksx bl jkLr s d ks bl fy, v i ukr s gSa fd bl esa cgqr cM+s i Sekus i j R; kx l a; e ughad juk gksr k r Fkk yksx i zHkq fpar u euu esa Hkh d ksbZ i fj Je ugha d j r s A bl d s foi jhrfujkd kj mi kl uk cgqr vkl ku gS A bl esa cgqr t Ynh i zkfIr gksr h gS A bl esa fd l h i zd kjd s d ksbZ d eZdkaM Hkh ugha d jus gksr s A i jUr q bl esa i zHkq fpar u d s fy, R; kx r Fkk l a; e d jukgksr k gS A ; g d ke cgqr d fBu gksr k gS A Bhd oSl s gh t Sl s / u d ekuk gksr k gS A , sl s ghi zHkq uke d ekuk Hkh d fBu gksr k gS A D; ksafd vf/ d ka' k / u d ekus esa Hkh d qN oLr qvksa d kR; kx r Fkk l a; e d juk i M+r k gS t Sl s / u d ekus d s fy, l e; d k R; kx r Fkk funzk dk R; kxd juk gksr k gS A nwj i zns' kksa esa Hkh t kuk gksr k gS r Fkk d bZ i zd kj d h eql hcr sa mBkuh gksr hgSa A , sl s gh i zHkq uke d h d ekbZ d s fy, Hkh i zR; sd i zd kj d h eql hcr sa mBkuh i M+r h gSa Afunzk d k R; kx d juk gksr k gS A ft àk d s Loknksa d k R; kx d juk gksr k gS A bfUnz; ksa d ks clesa d juk gksr k gS r Fkk vi uk eu t hr uk gksr k gS A t cfd l kd kj mi kl uk d jus okys , sl kd j gh ugha l d r s A cl og r ks d eZd k.M gh d jd s vi us d ks / U; eku ysr s gSa A okLr oesa os i zHkq fpar u d h r jQ , d d ne Hkh vkxs c<+s ugha gksr s A

t Qj % fujkd kj mi kl uk i j d kSu&dkSu l s l Ei znk; py jgs gSa \

{229}

vt hr % d qN l Ei znk; ksa esa nksuksa i zd kj d h mi kl uk i z. kkfy; k¡ i zpfyr gSa A i jUr qfl D[ kksa esa r Fkk bLyke er esa d soy fujkd kj mi kl uk dk ekxZ gh , d ek=k i zHkq feyu d kekxZ d jd s n' kkZ; k x; k gS A ckr d k okLr fod ewy i zHkq Hkt u gh gS A cl ogh fl ¼karl oZJs"B gS t ks t Ynh r Fkk l h/ k i zHkq feyu d jk; s A ft l esa d ksbZ T; knk pDd j ckt +h ; kva/ fo' okl u gks A d soy ogh fØ; k; sa gh d h t k; sa t ks vkRek d ks ' kq¼ d jsa A

r Hkh jksy d ky d k l e; gks t kr k gS r Fkk l Hkh jksy d ky esa l fEefyr gksr s gSa A r n~mi jkUr l Hkh Hkkst u d jus t kr s gSa r Fkk bl ds i ' pkr ~ vkt ds r kt +k l ekpkj i <+us d s fy,fjDjs' ku : e esa bd V~Bs gksr s gSa A

vt hr % l q[ knso HkbZ; k vkt d k D; k ' kqHk l ekpkj gS \

l q[ knso % QhYM ek' kZy ekud ' kkg vc [ ksy l fefr d s vè; {k cuk fn; s x; s gSa A

Jo. k fl a?k % t ur k l jd kj l s i gys yxHkx bud k uke yqIr l k gks x; k Fkk A

fot ; % bud h Hkwy Hkh r ks d ksbZ NksVh ugha Fkh A , d br uk cM+k ft Eesnkj O; fDrfons' kksa esa ; g ckr vfHkeku esa vkd j d gs fd vxj eSa i kfd Lr ku d h r jQ l s yM+r k r ksi kfd Lr ku d h gh t hr gksr h A

vt hr % l PpkbZ r ks ; g gS fd , sl h vfHkeku Hkjh ckr sa og l Hkh yksx d j r s gSa ft ud ksvkfRed Kku ugha gksr k A vkfRed Kku r ks d soy l r xq: d s }kjk gh feyr k gS A okLr oesa bu yksxksa us vkè; kfRed f' k{kk i zkIr d jus d s fy, l eFkZ xq# / kj . k ugha fd ; k gqvk gksr kAbl fy, ; g vgad kj esa vkd j ekr [ kk t kr s gSa A gekjs ; gk¡ , d d gkor i zpfyr gS µ

' kkg fcuk i r ugha AA xq: fcuk xr ugha AA

vxj bl egku t juSy us , d ckj Hkh xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d k t hou ; k mud hjpuk; sa i <+h gksr h r ks ; g bl i zd kj d k ' kCn Hkh u d gr k A

xq# xksfcUn fl a?k , d egku vkfRed ' kfDr d s Lokeh gksr s gq, Hkh vi uh jpukvksa esafouezr k d h l hek; sa gh i kj d j t kr s gSa A og vi us f' k"; ksa d h r Fkk l Sfud : i esa f' k"; ksad h c<+kbZ d j r s gq, fy[ kr s gSa µ

{230}

bugh d h d i k d s l t s ge gSa]

ugha eks l ks xj hc d j ksj i j s AA

xq: xksfcUn fl a?k

bl l s vkxs , d i afDr esa fy[ kr s gSa µ

; q/ ft r s bugh d s i zl kfn] bugh d s i zl kfn l qnku d js AA

bugh d s i zl kfn l q fo| k ybZ]

bugh d h d i k l Hk ' k=kq ej s AA

xq: xksfcUn fl a?k

cl bl h i zd kj d h mud h cgqr l h jpuk; sa gSa t ks mud h vfr fouezr k d h i zr hd gSaA

mnkgj . k d s fy, vi uh jpuk fofp=k ukVd esa fy[ kr s gSa &

eSa gkSa i j e i qj [ k d k nkl k AA

ns[ ku vk; ks t xr r ekl k AA

xq: xksfcUn fl a?k

nqfu; k d s nwl js egki q: "kksa us d gk gS mnkgj . k d s fy, A

; ' kq el hg t h d k d guk gS fd eSa bd ykSr k i q=k gw¡ r Fkk gt +j r eqgEen l kfgc d kd guk gS eSa [ kqnk }kjk Hkst k gqvk i SxEcj gw¡ bl fy, r qe esjs i j bZeku ykvks A Bhd bl hi zd kj Hkxoku d ". k t h d k d guk gS fd eSa bl ; qx d k vor kj gw¡ A eSaus gh d q: {ks=k esaegkHkkj r d k ; q¼ i kaMoksa d ks ft r k; k A r qe esjh ' kj . k esa vkvks eSa r qEgsa eks{k fnyokÅ¡xkbR; kfn A i jUr q xq# xksfcUn fl a?k Bhd bl d s foi jhr d gr s gSa A mud k d Fku gS µ

{231}

t ks ge d ks i j esl j mpjS AA

r s l fHk uj d d qaM efg i fj gS AA

eks d kS nkl q r ou d k t kuks AA

; k eS Hksn u j ap i Nkuks AA32AA

xq: xksfcUn fl a?k

mud k bl i zd kj d s d Fku d k Hkko gS esjs f' k"; ksa esa fouezr k vk t k; s A bl fy,mud k vkns' k gS fd esjk f' k"; eu d k uhpk r Fkk efr d k Å¡pk gksuk pkfg, A okLr o esaog ge yksxksa d s fy, vi uk t hou , d mnkgj . k d s : i esa i zLr qr d j jgs Fks A f' k"; ksa esavfHkeku uke d h d ksbZ oLr q gh u gks ft l l s budk d Hkh i r u u gks l d s A D; ksafd vgad kji r u d h ewy t M+ gS A

t Qj % xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d k d Fku gS fd eSa i jes' oj ugha gw¡ A t ks eq>s i jes' ojd gsxk og ud Z d k Hkkxh gksxk r ks r qe yksx mud h D; ksa mi kl uk d jr s gks ; k D; ksa mud h i wt kd jr s gks \

vt hr % r sjs d ks fd l us cr k; k gS fd ge xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d h mi kl uk ; k i wt kd j r s gSa A

è; ku l s l quks bl ekuo l ekt esa ft r us Hkh vor kj i q: "k gq, gSa A fd l h us Hkh ; gnkok ugha fd ; k fd eSa i jes' oj gw¡ A vr % mUgksaus vi us vki d ks i j es' oj d k i q=k] i hj ]i SxEcj ; k vor kj gh cr k; k gS A bu l Hkh egki q: "kksa d k bl ekuo l ekt esa vkus d k, d gh y{; Fkk A l al kj d ks i jes' oj l s feykuk r Fkk i jes' oj d s ekxZ i j pyus d s fy,i Fk i znf' kZr d juk r Fkk yksxksa l s , d i jes' oj d h gh i wt k ; k mi kl uk d jokuh A t ks yksxi jes' oj d ks NksM+ fd l h nwl js d h mi kl uk d jr s gSa og l R; d ks ugha t ku i k; s r Fkk cgqrcM+h Hkwy esa gSa A bUgha ckr ksa d ks en~nsut +j j [ kd j xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us v i us vki d ksd soy i jes' oj d k , d nkl gh cr k; k gS A bl hfy, mUgksaus vi us vki d ks i hj i SxEcj ; kvor kj ugha d gk A mud k er Fkk fd , sl k yksxksa d ks cr kus i j yksx i zHkq ; k i jes' oj d h

{232}

i wt k u d jd s i hj i SxEcjksa d h mi kl uk ; k i wt k ' kq: d j nsr s gSa A t ksfd , d ne xyr gSAokLr o esa l Hkh egki q: "kksa d k y{; t u l k/ kj . k d ks i jes' oj d h mi kl uk ; k i wt k d h r jQyxkuk gS u fd vi uh i wt k d jokuh gS A

bl fy, fl [ k i aFk esa gh egki q: "kksa d s vkxs xq# ' kCn d k i z; ksx gqvk gS D; ksafd i zk. kh r Fkki jes' oj d k esy d jkus okyh , d ek=k ' kfDr xq# gh gS A vr % , d LFkku i j Jh xq# xzaFkl kfgc t h d h jpukvksa esa vafd r gS µ

t s l m pank mxofg l wj t pM+fg gt kj AA

, r s pku. k gksfnvka xqj fcuq ?kksj va/ kj AA i "B ùöý

bl h i zd kj , d vkSj i afDr gS µ

d qaHks c/ k t yq j gS] t y fcuq d qaHk u gksb AA

Kku d k c/ k euq j gS] xqj fcuq Kkuq u gksb AA i "B ùöý

bu l Hkh ckr ksas d ks è; ku esa j [ kd j xq: xksfcUn fl a?k t h us vi us f' k"; ksa r Fkk l sodksa d ksl ko/ ku fd ; k r Fkk dgk fd eSa i jes' oj ugha gw¡ A vr % esjh d ksbZ i wt k ; k mi kl uk ugha d jsxkr Fkk mUgksaus cr k; k eSa d soy vkè; kfRed f' k{kk nsus okyk xq# g¡w A esjk y{; r qe yksxksa d ksi jes' oj l s feykuk r Fkk r qEgkjk ekxZ n' kZu d j r k gS D; ksafd eSa i jes' oj }kj k Hkst k x; kml d k nkl gw¡ A

bu l c ckr ksa d k vè; ; u d jus i j bl ckr dk Kku gksr k gS fd , sl s egki q: "k Hkh gq,gSa t ks vi us y{; esa i wjs mr js gSa r Fkk mud s l sod mud s n' kkZ, ekxZ i j Bhd l s py i k; sgSa A bl d s foi jhr nwl js egki q: "kksa ; k vor kjksa i hj i Sxacjksa us i w. kZr % vi us y{; d h i zkfIrugha d h A vr % mud s eqjhn] l sod r Fkk f' k"; i jes' oj d h mi kl uk u d j mudh mi kl ukd jus yxs gSa A ft l l s og vi us okLr fod mn~ns' ; l s d gha nwj pys x; s gSa A ; g l c d qNbl fy, gqvk fd l Hkh egki q: "kksa us vgad kj esa vi us vki d ks i jes' oj d k bd ykSr k csVk ; ki jes' oj d k : i gh cr k; k A

{233}

okLr o esa xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d k t hou gh fofp=k r Fkk vn~Hkqr gS A mUgksaus vi ust hou d ky esa R; kx r Fkk cfynku d h l Hkh l hek; sa r ksM+ nh A i gys mUgksaus fgUnqRo d h j {kkgsr q vi us fi r k d k cfynku fn; k A r Ri ' pkr vi us pkjksa i q=kksa d k Hkh cfynku ns fn; k Amud h mnkjr k d k mnkgj. k bl ckr l s yxk; k t k l d r k gS fd ; q¼ d ky d h l ekfIr d si ' pkr ~~ xq#nso d h i Ruh ekr k l qUnjh t h d h xq#nso l s t c HksaV gksr h gS r ks og mul s i z' ud j r h gS fd esjs csVs vki d s njckj esa d gha fn[ kkbZ ugha ns jgs r ks xq#nso mÙkj nsr s gSa A vi usf' k"; ksa d ks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, fd µ

bu i q=ku d s l hl i j ] okj nh; s l qr pkj AA

pkj eq, r ks D; k Hk; k] t hor d bZ gt +kj AA

xq: xksfcUn fl a?k

t Qj % t c vki yksx xq: xksfcUn fl a?k t h d h mi kl uk ugha d j r s r ks fQj fd l d hmi kl uk d j r s gks A

vt hr % ge yksx xq#nso t h }kjk cr k, x; s i jes' oj d h gh mi kl uk d j r s gSa A

t Qj % t c vki [ kqnk dh gh bcknr ; k mi kl uk d jr s gSa r ks i jes' oj l s vf/ d egRoxq# d ks D; ksa nsr s gSa \

vt hr % l Hkh cqf¼t hoh eaft y l s i gys eaft y i j i gq¡pkus okys l k/ uksa d ks vf/ degRo nsr s gSa A vxj gekjs i kl , d fo' ks"k y{; ; k eaft y i j i gq¡pus d s l k/ u ugha gksaxsr ks gekjs ogk¡ r d i gq¡pus d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A mnkgj . k d s fy, ] eSa fd l h nwl j segk}hi esa t kuk pkgr k gw¡ r ks eq>s ml d s fy, l k/ uksa d h vko' ; d r k gS A bu l k/ uksa esai kl i ksVZ] oht +k r Fkk fVd V bR; kfn gSa A eSa i gys bud ks i zkIr d jus d s fy, , sMh pksVh d kt +ksj yxkÅ¡xk A esjs fy, l cl s egÙoi w.kZ oLr q ; gh l k/ u gksaxs t ks eq>s eaft +y i j i gq¡pk; saxsAugha r ks eSa d Hkh Hkh eaft y i j ugha i gq¡p l d r k A Bhd bl h i zd kj xq# Hkh i jes' oj feyuesa l cl s cM+k l k/ u gS A bl fy, l cl s vf/ d egRo xq# d ks gh fn; k t kr k gS A fcuk xq#d s i jes' oj feyu gks gh ugha l d r k A Hkys gh i zk. kh d bZ t Ue ys ys A

{234}

v' kksd % vt hr HkbZ; k A fd l fo"k; i j fopkj foe' kZ py jgk gS \

vt hr % r qEgsa r k' k d s i Ùkksa l s Qql Zr fey xbZ \

v ' kksd % vkt r ks geus r k' k NqbZ Hkh ugha A

vt hr % r ks d y d s [ ksy esa gh i sV Hkj x; k gksxk A

l q[ knso % r k' k d s i Ùkkssa l s i sV ugha t sc Hkj r h gS A

vt hr % r qe d c vk; s \

l q[ knso % eSa r ks d c l s ; gh r sj s i hNs [ kM+k gw¡ A

vt hr % r qe r ks d St qvy yho t kus okys Fks A fQj x; s D; ksa ugha \

l q[ knso % d y t k jgk gw¡ A d qN ver l j l s eaxokuk gks r ks cr kvks \

vt hr % Jo. k fl a?k xq: ok. kh d k , d xqVd k fgUnh esa eaxokuk pkgr k gS ml l s feyyks A

l q[ knso % vPNk fey yw¡xk A vki d s fy, d qN ykuk gS r ks cr kvks \

vt hr % gk¡] HkkHkh t h d ks t : j ysr s vkuk A

l q[ knso % t c QSfeyh i j fe' ku fey xbZ gS r ks ml d ks r ks ykÅ¡xk gh r Fkk r qed ks ml l sfeyokÅ¡xk Hkh A i jUr q bl l s i gys r qe gekjh HkkHkh d h ogh d gkuh i wjh l quk Mkyks A

vt hr % og d gkuh r ks yxHkx i wjh gks xbZ gS A ml esa vc l qukus d ks j [ kk gh D; kgS A esjh ekr k&fi r k d ks Hkh esjh i zs; l h Hkk xbZ Fkh l ks vc fookg esa d ksbZ vM+pu Fkh ghugha A

v' kksd % i jUr q ml d s ekr k&fi r k us r ks fojks/ fd ; k gh gksxk \

vt hr % gk¡ i gys&i gy r ks og gekjs fookg d k fu' p; l qu d qN gDd s&cDd s jg

{235}

x; s Fks A i jUr q og pkgr s gq, Hkh fojks/ ugha d j i k; s A D; ksafd eSaus ekr k t h d k l sok Hkko, oa Hkxr h l s eu t hr fy; k Fkk r Fkk eSaus mudk fn; k gqvk opu ; kn fnyk; k fd vki us , dfnu eq>s d qN nsus d k fu' p; fd ; k Fkk A eSa vkt vki l s fi z; k d k gkFk ekax jgk gw¡ A ogpkgr s gq, Hkh u ugha d j l d h A

l q[ knso % D; ksa et +k fd j fd jk d j jgk gS A ckr d ks foLr kj l s l qukvks \

vt hr % t c fi z; k d ks esjs ?kj d s l Hkh l nL; eu l s pkgus yxs Fks r ks vc ge nksuksaesa vkRe&fo' okl cgqr n<+ l ad Yi ys jgk Fkk fd ge , d &nwl js d s gks d s gh jgssaxs A vcgekjh fe=kr k esa , d u; k eksM+ vk x; k Fkk A vc gekjh fe=kr k l k/ kj . k fe=kr k ugha Fkh Aesjs i kl l e; d k vHkko gksr k Fkk A bl fy, t Ynh&t Ynh fey r ks ugha i kr s A i jUr q t cHkh feyr s r Hkh ge nksuksa , d &nwl js d s i zfr vi uh Hkkoukvksa d ks jksd ugha i kr s Fks A gekjk; g feyuk ân; Li ' khZ gksr k A ge vi uh O; kd qyr k vi uh r M+i , d &nwl js l s fNi k ughai kr s Fks A bl fy, vc gekjh ckr sa vf/ d ka' k ft àk l s u gksd j us=kksa l s gksr h A d Hkh&d Hkhr ks , d &nwl js d s us=k bl ckr d ks vupkgs Nyd d j d g t kr s fd vc ; g t qnkbZ l guugha gksr h A i jUr q ge i zse esa ; g l gt r k ykus d k i z; Ru d j r s A bl fy, eSa cgqr fnuksad s i ' pkr ~~ vki l esa feyus d k d k; ZØe cukr k A i jUr q esjk , sl k d jus i j eq>l s fi z; k : Bt kr h r Fkk og cM+s cSjkxh eu l s d gr h r qe cgqr d Bksj ân; d s gks A D; k r qEgsa esjh t +jkl h Hkh ; kn ugha vkr h t ks br us fnuksa d s ckn feyus vkr s gks \

bl d s mÙkj esa eSa d g nsr k A vkt d k ; qx l ekur k d k gS A bl fy, r sjk Hkh Qt +ZgS fd , d vk/ ckj r qe Hkh feyus pyh vkvks A bl i j og d g nsr h A esjk eu ekr kt h r Fkk l Hkh l s feyus d ks d jr k gS A i jUr q eSa ft u l aLd kjksa esa i yh gw¡ A ml d h Nki eq>i j vfeV gS A cl bl fy, , d l ad ksp l k cuk jgr k gS A gkykafd esjk eu mul s ?kaVksacSBd j ckr sa d jus d ks d j r k gS A

vt hr % eq>s l e> esa ugha vkr k l ad ksp fd l ckr d k gS \ vc l Hkh l s r qeHkyh&Hkk¡fr i fj fpr gks r Fkk r sjk og l Hkh l Rdkj d jr s gSa A

{236}

fi z; k % bl fy, r ks eq>s ' keZ vkr h gS fd og esjk l Rd kj d jr s gSa t cfd eSa bl ; ksX;cu ugha i kbZ gw¡ A

vt hr % r qe esa D; k d eh gS A

fi z; k % eSa gw¡ gh D; k \

vt hr % cl r sjh bl fouezr k us esjk r Fkk esjs ekr k&fi r k d k eu t hr fy; k gS A

fi z; k % cl jgus Hkh nks A vc esjh , d r qPN four h eku yks fd r qe eq>l s feyus d el s d e l Ir kg esa , d ckj t +: j vk; k d jksxs A

vt hr % vPNk Bhd gS A i jUr q ; g cr kvks r sjs ?kj i j eq>s r sjs fi r kt h l s ckr d jusesa l ad ksp ugha gksxk A

fi z; k % D; ksa eq>s l r kr s gks \ D; k bl ckj r qe i gyh ckj vkvksxs \ t ks r qEgsa l ad kspgksxk A

bl i j eSaus t Ynh feyus d k ok; nk fd ; k r Fkk ml l s fonk yh A bl i zd kj d qN fnuchr x; s A bl chp eq>s , saIyk; eSaV , sDl past ( jkst +xkj nÝr j) l s , d d ky ySVj feyk Avr % eSa bUVj O; w nsus pyk x; k A ogk¡ l s eSa t c ?kj i j i gq¡pk r ks ogk¡ i j fi z; k ekr k t hd s i kl cSBh ckr ksa esa O; Lr Fkh A , d {k. k eq>s vpEHkk gqvk fd fi z; k esjh xSj gkft jh esaHkh ; gk¡ vkuk i l Un d j r h gS A eq>s ns[ k fi z; k us esjk eqLd jkr s gq, vfHkoknu fd ; k r Fkkcksyh fny d ks fny l s jkg gksr h gS A ns[ kk ! esjs ; gk¡ vkus i j r qe Hkh vpkud ?kj esa ykSVvk; s gks A

bl i j eSaus d gk og r ks gS A r qe eq>s t gk¡ Hkh ; kn d jksxh A ogha i kvksxh A

ekr k t h esjs fy, j l ksbZ ?kj l s [ kkuk ys vk, r ks ge ' kkUr gks x, A

ekr k t h % eSaus i M+ksl esa t kuk gS A os yksx eq>s vi us ; gk¡ d hr Zu d s fy, vkus d kfueU=k. k ns x; s gSa A r qe r c r d ckr sa d jks A eSa t Ynh gh ykSV vkÅ¡xh A ; g d g d jekr k t h i M+ksl esa pyh t kr h gS A

{237}

ekr h t h d s t kus d s i ' pkr ~~ eSaus fi z; k d ks l Ecks/ u fd ; k r Fkk d gk & gk¡ r ks ekr kt hs l s D; k ehBh&ehBh ckr sa d j jgh Fkh \

fi z; k % ckr sa r ks cgqr gqbZ gSa A i jUr q eq>s r ks vkr s gh MkaV l quus d ks feyh gS A

vt hr % og D; ksa \ D; k xyr h d h Fkh r qeus \

fi z; k % cl ; gh fd br us fnu d gk¡ Fkh \ vkbZ D; ksa ugha \

vt hr % r qeus D; k mÙkj fn; k \

fi z; k % esjs i kl mÙkj Fkk gh d gk¡ \ t ks nsr h A

vt hr % fQj Hkh br uh nsj l s D; k&D; k ckr sa jgh Fkh A d gha esjh f' kd k; r sa r ks ughad j jgh Fkh \

fi z; k % vl y esa vkt esjs pqi d s l s vkus d k d kj . k ; gh Fkk fd og l c ckr sa ekr k t hd ks d g Mkyw¡ t ks r qEgkjs l keus d g ugha i kr h gw¡ \

vt hr % og D; k f' kd k; r sa gS \ eq>s Hkh r ks cr kvks A

fi z; k % r qEgkjh gh f' kd k; r sa Hkyk eSa r qEgsa D; ksa cr kÅ¡ \

vt hr % vPNk er l gh A i jUr q ; g r ks cr kvks fd vkt vkSj fd l &fd l fo"k; i jckr sa gqbZ gSa A

fi z; k % r qe r ks t kur s gh gks A eSa bu fnuksa ?kj esa [ kkyh cSBh jgr h gw¡ A l e; ghO; r hr ugha gksr k A vr % t Sl k fd r qEgsa cr k; k Fkk A eq>s gkfLi Vy esa LVSuks d h ukSd jh feyjgh gS A i jUr q esjs ekr k&fi r k esjh bl ukSd jh d s fy, l ger ugha gks jgs A cl ; gh vktd h okr kZ d k eq[ ; fo"k; Fkk A

{238}

vt hr % ekr k t h us r qEgsa D; k l ykg nh gS \

fi z; k % ekr k t h d k d guk Fkk fd vkt d s ; qx esa uj&ukjh d s vf/ d kjksa esa l ekur kgS A bl fy, r qe Lo; a vkRefuHkZj cu t kvks A eq>s r ks bl esa vPNkbZ gh fn[ kkbZ nsr h gS Aekr k t h d k d guk Fkk fd bl vk/ qfud ; qx esa , d r jQ ukfj ; k¡ l ekur k ds vf/ d kjksa d sfy, vkokt r ks mBkr h gS i jUr q os Lo; a vi us : f<+oknh fopkjksa r Fkk , sl s gh l aLd kjksa d k R; kxugha d j i kr h gSa A ; gh ewy Hkwy gh ukjh d ks i NkM+ nsr h gS A mnkgj . k d s fy, ukjh t ci q=k d ks t Ue nsr h gS r ks cgqr [ kq' k gksr h gS A i jUr q i q=kh d s t Ue i j og Lo; a gh [ kq' kh d sLFkku i j fujk' kk O; Dr d jr h gS A D; k ukjh d ks vi uh t kfr d ks t Ue nsus i j vf/ d [ kq' kgksuk pkfg, ; k fujk' k \ ; g vkt d h ukjh d s l Eeq[ k , d Toyar i z' u gS A ; fn ukjhLo; a l ekur k d k vf/ d kj ekaxr h gS r ks ml s Hkh vi uh t kfr dks l ekur k d k vf/ d kj nsd ji zksRl kfgr d juk pkfg, A ckr ; gha i j l ekIr ugha gksr h A ukjh , d r jQ r ks l ekur k d svf/ d kj ek¡xr h gS A nwl jh r jQ vi us vki d ks , d Hkksx d h oLr q cukd j Lo; a gh i q: "kksad s l keus i s' k gks jgh gS A esjk ; g l c d gus d k r kRi ; Z gS A ukfj ; k¡ fcuk fd l h d kj . kvi us cuko Jaxkj esa d qN t : j r l s T; knk è; ku nsr h gSa A r kfd og i q: "kksa d h d f' k' k ; kvkd "kZ. k d k d sUnz cusa A ; g vi us vki d ks , d i Vksyk cukd j i zLr qr d juk gh ukjh d hl c l s cM+h Hkwy gs A t c og l keku vf/ d kj pkgr h gS r ks l knk t hou mPp fopkj okykt hou ewy mn~ns' ; gksuk pkfg, A bl h esa ukjh d ks vkRe&xkSjo i zkIr gksxk A fl [ k xq#t uksad s l e; d h , d ?kVuk gS fd xq# vej nkl t h d s njckj esa fgekpy i zns' k d s eaMh {ks=kd k jkt k vi uh jkfu; ksa l fgr n' kZuksa d ks vk; k Fkk A l Hkh jkfu; ksa us xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k ' kh' k>qd k; k i jUr q NksVh jkuh us t : j r l s T; knk Ükxkaj fd ; k Fkk l ks og xq#nso d s l Eeq[ kvfHku; l k d jus yxh A r Hkh xq#nso d s eq[ kkj fcan l s l fgt Hkko l s fud yk A ; g d eyhd gk¡ l s vk xbZ gS \ cl fQj D; k Fkk \ og i kxy gks xbZ r Fkk vi us d i M+s QkM+us yxhr Fkk t axy d h r jQ Hkkx xbZ A bl ?kVuk d s i ' pkr ~ xq#nso us vkns' k t kjh fd ; k fd d ksbZHkh ukjh / kfeZd LFkkuksa i j cuko Ükaxkj d j d s ugha vk; sxh A r c l s fl D[ kksa esa t c Hkh d ksbZukjh xq# njckj esa mi fLFkr gksr h gS r ks og l h/ k&l k/ k fyckl / kj . k d jr h gS A

ml h l e; l s fl D[ kksa esa ukfj ; ksa d s fy, l kns t hou t hus d k vkns' k gS A

{239}

vt hr % vkt r ks ekr k t h us r qed ks , d cgqr vPNs t hou t hus dk jgL; cr k; k gSA

fi z; k % gk¡ ; g jgL; r ks okLr o esa ukjh t hou esa Økafr yk l d r k gS A ; fn ukjh vi usvfLr Ro d s egRo d ks t ku t k; s A

gk¡ r ks r qEgkjs bUVjO; w d k D; k gqvk \

vt hr % gksuk D; k Fkk \ d soy , d oSd sUl h r Fkk mEehnokj vkB Fks A bl fy, ; gbUVjO; w okLr o esa , d <d ksl yk gh Fkk A

fi z; k % r ks vc fd l h vksj t xg , si ykbZ d j jgs gks \

vt hr % eSa vc bu pDd jksa esa u i M+ d j l suk esa Hkr hZ gksus t k jgk gw¡ A r qe esjs fe=kjkor * d ks r ks t kur h gks u A og l ySDV gks x; k gS r Fkk vk' kk gS eSa Hkh ml h d s vuql kjl ysDV gks t kÅ¡xk A

fi z; k % r qe l suk esa D; ksa t kuk pkgr s gks A d gha vkSj , i ykbZ D; ksa ugha d j d s ns[ kr sA

vt hr % okLr o esa eq>s fl oy esa ukSd jh feyus d h vk' kk gh ugha gS A vxj fey HkhxbZ r ks eq>s esjh ; ksX; r k d s vuql kj esjk VªsM ugha fey i k; sxk A i jUr q vc esjs VªsM d hoSd sfUl ; k¡ l suk esa gSa A l ks ; g ' kqHk l e; [ kksuk ugha pkgr k A bl d s l kFk&l kFk eq>s l Sfudt hou t hus esa cgqr : fp gS A

fi z; k % vxj r qe l suk eas pys x; s r ks d gha nwj cgqr nwj pys t kvksxs \

vt hr % gk¡] ; g r ks gS gh A

fi z; k % D; k r qeus l suk esa t kus d k n<+ fu' p; d j fy; k gS \

vt hr % vHkh r d r ks ; gh fopkj gS A

; g ckr esjs eq¡g l s l qu ml d k eu Hkj vk; k r Fkk og : gkal h vkokt + esa eq>s d qNd guk pkgr h Fkh A i jUr q ml d h vkokt ml d s xys esa gh vVd d j jg xbZ A r Hkh eSausokr koj . k xEHkhj gksr k ns[ k >V l s ml s l kaRouk nsr s gq, d gk & vjh i xyh br uh t Ynh eu

{240}

NksVk d jus yxh A r qe r ks esjh i zsj . kk gks A vxj r qe vi uk eu NksVk d jksxh r ks esjs eui j D; k xqt jsxh A i jUr q esjs ' kCnksa d k ml i j d ksbZ i zHkko ugha i M+k jgk Fkk A r Hkh ml d sus=k Nyd i M+s r Fkk ml us : nu Hkjs ' kCnksa l s esjs i j fxyk f' kd ok fd ; k A

r qe us esjs l s i wNs fcuk l suk esa t kus d k fu' p; d Sl s d j fy; k gS \ D; k esjk r qe i jd ksbZ vf/ d kj ugha \

vt hr % esjs t hou i j d soy r sjk gh vf/ d kj gS A eSa r qEgsa D; k cr kÅ¡ fd esjs t houesa r sjk vc br uk egRo gS fd eSaus ; g fu' p; l cl s i gys r qEgsa gh cr k; k gS r Fkk eSa bl d sfy, l cl s i gys r qel s gh bt kt +r ysuk pkgr k gw¡ A

fi z; k % i jUr q eSaus vUt kus esa t ks Hkfo"; d s fy, l i us l at ks fy, gSa A D; k og fc[ kjd j ugha jg t k; saxs \

vt hr % d Sl h ckr sa d jr h gks A Hkyk , sl k D; ksa gksxk \ D; k eSa d gha fons' kksa esa t k jgkgw¡ fd esjs oki l vkus esa d ksbZ vM+pusa gksaxh A eSa r ks l suk esa t k jgk gw¡ A eSa l nk r qEgkjs l kFki =k O; ogkj l s l Ei dZ cuk; s j[ kw¡xk A r qe eq>s t c pkgks r kj Hkst d j ml h l e; cqyk l d r hgks A

fi z; k % i jUr q eSa r qEgsa vi us l s nwj ugha t kus nsuk pkgr h A esjk eu fd l h vut kus Mjl s vHkh l s d k¡i us yxk gS A

vt hr % eSa r sjs ân; d h Hkkoukvksa d ks l e>r k gw¡ A Bhd bl h i zd kj okLr o esa esjsân; esa Hkh r sjs l s fcNqM+us d k l kspr s gh , d Mj l k l ek t kr k gS A i jUr q esjs l keus , dvkn' kZ gS A vxj eSa Hkh bl i zd kj Hkkoqd cur k gw¡ r ks eSa vi us mn~ns' ; l s fxj t kÅ¡xk A l pr ks ; g gS fd eSaus vi us eu d ks egki q: "kksa d s t hou pfj=kksa l s i zsj . kk nsd j l e>k; k gS A ughar ks esjh gkyr Hkh d qN vPNh ugha gS A eSa r ks i gys&i gy ; g fopkj r sjs r d i gq¡pkus d kl kgl Hkh ugha t qVk i k jgk Fkk A

fi z; k % i jUr q eSa , d ukjh gw¡ A esjs t hou esa d bZ mr kj&p<+ko vk l d r s gSa A eSa r sjsnwj t kus i j fc[ kj d j jg t kÅ¡xh A

{241}

vt hr % gj l eL; k d k l ek/ ku gksr k gS A r sjs vkRe&fo' okl r Fkk n<+ l ad Ri d svkxs d ksbZ foi fÙk fVd sxh ugha A fQj gekjk vki l esa i =k O; ogkj gesa , d &nwl js d s vksjfud V yk; sxk r Fkk gekjh i zsj . kk cud j gesa uot hou i znku d jsxk A bl d s vfr fjDr esjhek¡ r sj s l s vFkkg Lusg d j r h gS A vko' ; d r k i M+us i j r sjh gj i zd kj d h l gk; r k ogd jsxhA

fi z; k % eSa ; g l c t kur h gw¡ A i jUr q eSa vi us eu d ks d Sl s / hj t ca/ kÅ¡ \

vt hr % bl d s fy, r ks ; gh gS t ks esjh i zsj . kk d k Ï ksr gS ogha r sjh i zsj . kk d k Ï ksr gksukpkfg, A vPNk eSa r qEgsa ml egku czãKkuh d h t houh l qukr k gw¡ µ

Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h jpukvksa esa l q[ keuh vFkkZr l q[ kksa d h [ kku uke d h , d ok. khgS A bl jpuk esa xq# vt qZu nso t h us czãKkuh ' kCn d h i fjHkk"kk fy[ kh gS A okLr o esamUgksaus czãKkuh egki q: "kksa d s t hou pfj=k d k fp=k. k fd ; k gS A t c bl ok. kh d ksJ¼kyqvksa us i <+k r ks mud s eu esa ft Kkl k mRi Uu gqbZ fd bl i fjHkk"kk d k t hou O; r hrd jus okyk bl ekuo l ekt esa d ksbZ egki q: "k gS Hkh fd ugha A ; fn gS r ks mud s n' kZu d jusgh pkfg, A ; gh fopkj ysd j xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k , d J¼kyq us four h d h fd gs xq#nso esjhft Kkl k gS fd eSa czãKkuh egki q: "kksa d s n' kZu d juk pkgr k gw¡ A vr % vki d i ; k eq>s , sl segki q: "kksa ds n' kZu vo' ; d jk nsa A r Hkh xq#nso us ml d h four h l g"kZ Lohdkj d j yh r Fkkml J¼kyq dks , d LFkku i j Hkst k A ml egki q: "k (HkkbZ&fHk[ kkjh t h) dk i r k cr k fn; kAt c ; g J¼kyq ogk¡ i gq¡pk r ks ogk¡ i j cgqr [ kqf' k; k¡ euk; ha t k jgh Fkh r Fkk vfr fFk; ksa d kLokxr fd ; k t k jgk Fkk A i wNus i j ekywe gqvk bud s i q=k d s fookg d h r S; kfj ; k¡ gks jghgSa A r c ; g egki q: "k , d d i M+k fl y jgs Fks A egki q: "k us bl J¼kyq d k HkO; Lokxrfd ; k r Fkk vi us i kl cM+s i zse l s cSBk fy; k A r Hkh J¼kyq us i z' u fd ; k & egkjkt vki; g D; k fl y jgs gSa A D; k ; g d ksbZ vfr vko' ; d oLr q gS t ks vki bl ' kqHk ekSd s i j, d kar eas bl s fl y jgs gSa A r Hkh HkkbZ fHk[ kkjh t h us mÙkj fn; k fd l e; vkus i j vki bl sLo; a gh t ku t k, axs fd ; g D; k gS \ bl okr kZyki d s i ' pkr ~ HkkbZ fHk[ kkjh t h d s i q=k d kfookg cgqr / we/ ke l s l Ei Uu gks x; k r Fkk ?kj i j cgw vk xbZ A t Sl s gh yksx c/ kbZ; ka nsusd s fy, bd V~Bs gq, r ks nqYgs d s i sV esa i hM+k gqbZ A og ogha i j d qN gh {k. kksa esa vi uk ' kjhj

{242}

R; kx x; k A bl nq[ kkar ?kVuk l s l kjs ?kj i j ' kksd Nk x; k fd Ur q HkkbZ fHk[ kkjh t h d s psgjsi j d ksbZ fujk' kk d k fpUg r d ugha Fkk A mUgksaus cM+s l gt Hkko l s ogh vi us gkFkksa l s fl ykgqvk d i M+k fud kyk A ml d ks csVs d s d Qu d s : i esa i z; ksx fd ; k r Fkk cM+s ' kkar Hkko l svi us gkFkksa csVs d k vafr e l aLd kj d j fn; k A r c bl J¼kyq l s u jgk x; k A bl us vi uh' kad k O; Dr d h fd t c vki t kur s Fks fd esjs csVs us ej gh t kuk gS r ks vki us ml d kfookg gh D; ksa jpk \ bl d s mÙkj esa HkkbZ fHk[ kkjh t h us d gk & ; g fookg bl d s l a; ksxesa Fkk A esjs csVs us bl d U; k d s oj . k gsr q gh esjs ; gk¡ t Ue fy; k Fkk A D; ksafd bl d s i woZt Ue esa bl d h vfHkyk"kk bl d U; k d ks i zkIr d jus d h Fkh A i jUr q ml l e; ; g l aU; klvkJe esa Fkk A ft l l s , sl k l EHko u Fkk A bl d h HkfDr l Ei w. kZ gks xbZ A i jUr q bl s eks{ki zkfIr ugha gqbZ A D; ksafd bl d s eu esa , d f=k". kk Fkh fd eSa bl yM+d h d ks i zkIr d : ¡ A bli j J¼kyq us cM+h fouezr k l s four h d h fd eq>s ; g oÙkkUr foLr kj i woZd l quk; sa A bl i jHkkbZ fHk[ kkjh t h us ; g ?kVuk l qukbZ &

esjs bl csVs us v i us i woZ t Ue esa Hkh , d d qyhu i fjokj esa t Ue fy; k Fkk A bl d ks; qokoLFkk esa l al kj l s fojkx gks x; k A vr % bl us l U; kl ys fy; k r Fkk ; g , d d qfV; k esavi uh vjk/ uk d jus yxk A t hus d s fy, ; g d Hkh&d Hkh xk¡o o nsgkr ksa esa vkr k r FkkfHk{kk ekax d j i sV d h vkx cq>kr k A d qN fnu , sl s gh O; r hr gks x; s A i jUr q , d fnubl ; qod d ks d gha l s Hkh fHk{kk ugha feyh] D; ksafd , d LoLFk ; qod d ks dksbZ l gt esa fHk{kkugha nsr k A vr % Hkh{kk ek¡xr k&ek¡xr k vUr esa ; g , d ?kj i j i gq¡pk A ogk¡ , d uo; qor hus cM+s l Rd kj l s bl s Hkkst u d jk; k A okLr o esa ; g ; qor h bl ; qod ds r st Loh psgjs l s cgqri zHkkfor gqbZ A NksVh l h vk; q esa gh bl ; qod us cgqr vf/ d i zkfIr d j yh Fkh] bl fy,bl d k eq[ k eaMy fd l h vKkr r st l s ped us yxk Fkk A bl h i zd kj fnu O; r hr gksus yxsAt c bl ; qod d ks d gha l s Hkh fHk{kk ugha i zkIr gksr h r ks bl h uo; qor h d s ; gk¡ pyk vkr kr Fkk ; g ; qor h cM+s Lusgi woZd bl ; qod d ks Hkkst u d jkr h r Fkk Vgy&l sok d jr h AHkkst u mi jkUr ; g r i Loh oki l vi uh d qfV; k esa ykSV vkr k A ; g Øe cgqr fnu pyr kjgk A bl h chp bu nksuksa d ks , d &nwl js l s d qN yxko gks x; k A ; g r i Loh pkgus i jHkh vi us d ks bl cU/ u l s eqDr ugha d j i k; k A cl bl h yxko us , d vfHkyk"kk d ks t Uefn; k fd d k' k ge xgLFkh gksr s r ks --- r Hkh bl ; qod d h HkfDr l Ei w. kZ gks xbZ r Fkk bl us

{243}

vi uk ' kjhj R; kx fn; k A i jUr q eu esa cl h vfHkyk"kk us bl d ks i quj t Ue ysus i j et cwjd j fn; k r Fkk bl us ml h ; qor h d k oj . k fd ; k gS t ks bl d ks Hkkst u d jkr h Fkh A okLr o esabl d h HkfDr l Ei w. kZ Fkh A d soy i qu% t Ue , d NksVh l h vfHkyk"kk us bl s fn; k Fkk t ksvkt i wjh gqbZ gS A bl i zd kj og r i Loh ; qod vc esjs csVs d s : i esa cSd qaB d ks t k jgkgS A bl fy, eq>s fd l h Hkh i zd kj d k ' kksd gks gh ugha l d r k A vr % eSa gj i zd kj l s l Ur q"Vgw¡ A ; g or kUr l qu ml J¼kyq d h ' kad k fuor gks xbZ r Fkk og t ku x; k fd czãKkuhgj l e; i zHkq jax esa jaxs jgr s gSa A mud ks d ksbZ l q[ k nq%[ k ugha gksr k A bud s fy, feV~Vhr Fkk l ksuk , d l eku gS A bud k ' k=kq&fe=k d ksbZ ugha gksr k A vr % ; g xgLFk esa jgr sgq, l al kj l s eu d jd s oSjkxh gksr s gSa r Fkk i zHkq yhyk esa gh] bud h Hkh [ kq' kh gksr h gS A ; gi zHkq d s d ke esa gLr {ksi ugha d j r s A

bl or kar d s i ' pkr ~ eSaus fi z; k d ks l Ecks/ u fd ; k r ks og nwj fopkjksa esa eXu d gha [ kksbZgqbZ Fkh r Hkh og l psr gqbZ r ks eSaus d gk fd l l ksp eas Mwch gks \

fi z; k % r qeus eq>s , d cgqr cM+h i jh{kk esa Mky fn; k gS A D; k gekjs Hkh d ksbZ i woZ t Ued s l aLd kj gS t ks gesa , d &nwl js d s fud V yk; s gSa \

vt hr % D; ksa ugha \ bl d s i hNs vo' ; gh i zd fr d k d ksbZ jgL; gksr k gS A bl fy,gesa d Hkh Hkh vi uk / S; Z [ kksuk ugha pkfg, A gesa gj l e; i zHkq d h yhyk esa [ kq' k jguk pkfg, A

r Hkh eSaus fo"k; cnyk r Fkk fi z; k l s i wNk fd D; k og pk; fi ; sxh \

fi z; k % ekr k t h r ks ?kj esa ugha gSa A D; k vki pk; cuk ysr s gSa \

vt hr % eSa d ksf' k' k d : ¡xk A

fi z; k % esjs gksr s gq, r qe pk; D; ksa cukvksxs \ pk; eSa cukr h gw¡ A

vt hr % i jUr q r qe vHkh j l ksbZ ?kj l s i fj fpr ugha gks A

fi z; k % r ks D; k gqvk \ t c eSaus bl ?kj esa vkus d k fu' p; d j fy; k gS r ks D; ksa uvHkh l s bl j l ksbZ l s i fj fpr gks t kÅ¡ \

{244}

vt hr % Bhd gS A eSa Hkh pk; d k l keku <w¡<us esa r qEgkjh l gk; r k d : ¡xk A t c gej l ksbZ esa pk; bR; kfn r S; kj d j gh jgs Fks fd r Hkh ekr k t h ykSV vkr h gSa A og ged ks fo' ks"kd j fi z; k d ks pk; cukr s ns[ kd j eu gh eu cgqr [ kq' k gksr h gSa A

ekr k t h % fi z; k csVh r qeus r ks esjh l kjh fpar k, ¡ gh feVk nh gSa A eSaus t Sl h d Yi uk d hFkh r qe ml l s d gha d q' ky gks A

; g l qur s gh fi z; k d s psgjs i j ykyhek Nk xbZ A r Hkh ekr k t h us ml s vi us l hus l syxkd j [ kwc I; kj fd ; k A vc fi z; k d h vk¡[ ks d qN Hkhxh gqbZ Fkh A og ; g vn~Hkqr mYyklv i us ân; esa fNi k ugha i k jgh Fkh A

vc fi z; k us gh pk; yxk nh r Fkk ge pk; i hus yxs A

ekr k t h % fQj r qeus D; k fu' p; fd ; k gS \

fi z; k % eSaus vki d s l q>ko d s vuql kj ukSd jh d jd s LokoyEch cuus d k n<+ fu' p;fd ; k gS A okLr o esa eSa r ks vki d s fopkjksa l s voxr gksuk pkgr h Fkh A D; ksafd eq>s Hk; Fkkfd d gha vki esjs bl fopkj d k fojks/ u d jsa A

r Hkh eSaus ekr k t h d ks d gk A eSa od Z' kki t k jgk gw¡ r Fkk mul s vkKk ysd j od Z' kkid s fy, py i M+k A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ fi z; k r Fkk ekr k t h esa D; k&D; k ckr sa gqbZ \ eq>s ekyweugha A

vPNk HkkbZ yksxks ckd h d gkuh fQj d Hkh A D; ksafd vc eq>s uhan cgqr t +ksjksa l s vkjgh gS A

l q[ knso % eSa r ks d y l qcg NqV~Vh i j pyk t kÅ¡xk A vr % eSa r sjh d gkuh r ks l qu ughai kÅ¡xk A

vt hr % vHkh dgkuh cgqr yEch gS A vr % eSa bl oDr i wjh dgkuh l quk ugha i kÅ¡xkAr sjs vkus i j r qEgsa fQj l s l quk nw¡xk A

{245}

l q[ knso % D; ksa Vjd k jgk gS \ eq>s oki l vkus esa d qN fnu yxsaxs A r c r d esjhft Kkl k vr Ir jgsxh A

vt hr % vPNk r ks fQj l quks A

eSa vi us d k; ZØe d s vuql kj vi us l kjs i zek. k i =k ysd j Hkr hZ gksus pyk x; k A

jax: fVax vkfQl j us esjs i zek. k i =k ns[ kr s gh eq>s eSfMd y VSLV d s fy, Hkst fn; k AeSa ogk¡ l s fQV gksd j ykSV vk; k A r Hkh eq>s r Fkk nwl j s ; qod ksa d ks Vªsfuax d s fy, l SaVj esaHkst s t kus d k vkns' k ns fn; k x; k A ge yksxksa d ks , d l kFk ewoeSUV vkMZj r Fkk jsyos okjUVns fn; s x; s A bl chp geus vi uh vko' ; d r k d k l keku ?kj l s ysuk Fkk A l ks geus , dd k; Zd ze cuk; k fd ge yksx jsyos LVs' kuksa i j gh , d fuf' pr l e; esa feysaxs A vr % eSa?kj i j i gq¡pk r Fkk l cd ks vi us Hkr hZ gksus d k l Uns' k l quk fn; k A ?kj esa esjk fd l h us fojks/ugha fd ; k A cl br uk d gk fd Hkr hZ gksus l s i gys gekjh l ykg r ks yh gksr h A [ kSj l Hkhl Ur q"V Fks fd eq>d ks esjh bPNk vuql kj mUufr d jus d k ekSd k fey x; k gS A eSa vc fi z; kd s ?kj i gq¡pk A r c fi z; k ?kj i j ugha Fkh A bl fy, eSa ekr k t h d s i kl cSB x; k A r Hkhog d gus yxh & csVk cgqr fnuksa ckn vk; s gks A eq>s r qEgkjh cgqr ; kn vkr h gS A ns[ ku esjk gkFk fcYd qy i gys t Sl k gks x; k gS A vc r ks ekywe Hkh ugha gksr k fd fd esjk gkFkd Hkh t yk Hkh Fkk A vxj r qeus esjk bZykt + ugha fd ; k gksr k r ks esjs gkFk d ks vPNs gksus esacgqr fnu yxr s r Fkk gks l d r k Fkk fd ; g , sl k Bhd gksr k Hkh fd ugha D; ksafd cgqr fnui gys esjk i kao mcyr s gq, i kuh l s t y x; k Fkk r Fkk cgqr fnuksa esa Bhd gqvk Fkk] ysfd ubl i j vHkh Hkh nkx gSa A bl i j eSaus d gk & Hkxoku d h d i k l s vki d k gkFk Bhd gksukgh Fkk A cl eSa r ks , d cgkuk ek=k gh gw¡ A ' kk; n ekr k t h d ks esjs bl mÙkj i j l Ur ks"kugha gqvk A mUgksaus d gk & csVk og r ks Bhd gS A i jUr q r qe esjs fy, i zHkq d s nwr cud jvk; s Fks A l ks esjk gkFk esjh d Yi uk l s d gha i gys vPNk gks x; k gS A bl d s mÙkj esa eSausd gk A ekr k t h vki cgqr mPp t hou t hus okyh gSa A gj l e; i zHkq fpUr u esa jgr h gSaAi zHkq us vki d s nq%[ k d ks t ks vki d s HkkX; esa Fkk A cgqr d e d j d s fn; k gS A vFkkZr l wyhd k d k¡Vk cuk fn; k Fkk A vr % vki d k gkFk r ks ml i zHkq d h d i k l s Bhd gksuk gh Fkk A

{246}

; g l qu ekr k t h d s eu esa ft Kkl k mRi Uu gks xbZ r Fkk i wNus yxh fd csVk t ks HkkX;d h js[ kk vuql kj geus Qy Hkksxuk gS A ml esa i zHkq Hkt u d jus l s d eh ; k d ksbZ var j gksl d r k gS A vc mud h ft Kkl k ' kkUr d jus d s fy, eq>s mud ks , d d Fkk l qukuh i M+h Ar c eSaus ekr k t h d ks cr k; k fd NVs fl [ k&xq# gfjxksfcUn t h d s njckj esa l qd sr eaMh d kjkt k n' kZuksa gsr w vk; k A t c og njckj esa mi fLFkr gqvk r ks d hr Zuh t RFkk d hr Zu d j jgkFkk A r c og ; g ' yksd i <+ jgs Fks &

¶ys[ kq u feVbZ gs l [ kh t ks fyf[ kvk d j r kfj A

vki s d kj . kq ft fu d hvk d fj fd j i k i xq / kfj A i "B ùý÷

; g jpuk l qu jkt k d s eu esa ' kad k mRi Uu gqbZ fd t c ekuo d ks vi us fo/ kr k }kjkfy[ ks ys[ k Hkksxus gh gSa A ml esa d ksbZ i fj or Zu ugha gks l d r k r ks fQj D; ksa Hkt u canxhd juh gS ; k fQj D; ksa l k/ q l ar ksa r Fkk l k/ l axr esa vkuk gS A r Hkh ml jkt k us fu. kZ; fd ; kfd eSa d y gh oki l ykSV t kÅ¡xk r Fkk xq#nso l s oki l t kus d h vkKk ek¡xus yxk A xq#nsous ml d s eu d h ' kad k t ku yh A bl fy, jkt k l s d gk fd t c r qe br us nwj l s vk; s gksr ks nks&pkj fnu vkSj Bgj t kvks A i jUr q jkt k oki l t kus d s fy, d bZ cgkus cukus yxkr ks xq#nso us d gk & vPNk d y dk fnu gekjs i kl Bgjks A ge l Hkh f' kd kj [ ksyus pysaxsAf' kd kj d s i zyksHku l s jkt k , d fnu Bgj x; k A t c og jkr d ks l ks; k r ks ml us , d l i ukns[ kk fd og , d Hkaxh d k yM+d k gS A ml d s choh&cPps r Fkk og , d xk¡o esa t houO; r hr d j jgs gSa A r Hkh ml {ks=k esa vd ky i M+ t kr k gS A d gha vukt d k nkuk Hkh [ kkusd ks ugha feyr k A vr % ; g Hkaxh d k yM+d k Hkw[ k feVkus d s fy, , d o{k i j p<+ t kr kgS r Fkk ml o{k d s t axyh Qy vi us cPpksa r Fkk vi uh choh d ks nsr k gS A r Hkh bl d k i k¡oml o{k d d Pph Mky i j t kr k gS A Mky VwV t kr h gS A Hkaxh l EHky ugha i kr k gS r Fkkt ehu i j i V[ kh [ kkd j fxj r k gS vkSj ej t kr k gS A bl d s i V[ kh [ kkd j t ehu i j fxjusl s jkt k dh vk¡[ k [ kqy t kr h gS r Fkk og vi us ' kjhj esa pksV yxus d h i hM+k d k vuqHko d jr kgS A r Hkh og bl Hk; kud l i us d s d kj . k fcLr j i j mBd j cSB t kr k gS r Fkk l i us d sn' ; ksa esa , d ckj fQj l s [ kks t kr k gS r ks ml d ks d qN , sgl kl gksr k gS fd okLr o esa ; g l i ukgh ugha Fkk A d qN ; FkkZFk Hkh Fkk D; ksafd l i us d s choh cPpksa d h ; kn okLr fod t Sl h Fkh

{247}

[ kSj --- og ml l e; l i us d ks Hkqykus d s [ ; ky l s ' kkSp Luku d s fy, pyk x; k A i jUr qnkr qu d jus i j nk¡r ksa l s ogh t axyh Qy d s Vqd M+s fud yus yxs A r c Hkh jkt k us bl l i usi j d ksbZ fo' ks"k egRo ugha fn; k A fnu fud yus i j jkt k xq#nso d s l kFk f' kd kj d ks pyi M+k A r Hkh xq#nso us vkns' k fn; k fd ft l d s vkxs l s f' kd kj fud ys ogha vkneh f' kd kjd s i hNs ?kksM+k yxk; s ckd h ugha A bÙkQkd l s jkt k d s l keus l s , d fgju fud yr k gS r ksjkt k ml d s i hNs ?kksM+k yxk nsr k gS A bl i zd kj jkt k f' kd kj d s i hNs Hkkxr s&Hkkxr s ?kust axyksa esa l s t c xqt j r k gS r ks fgj . k u t kus d gk¡ yqIr gks t kr k gS r Fkk og , d xk¡o d hr jQ fud y vkr k gS A r Hkh jkt k d ks cgqr t ksjksa l s I; kl yxr h gS A og i kuh d h [ kkstesa py i M+r k gS A i kuh d h [ kkst d jr s&d jr s ml s jkr d s l i us d s vuql kj og xk¡o vi ukt kuk&i gpkuk l k yxr k gS A d kSr wgyo' k og vkxs c<+r k gS r ks ogk¡ d s LFkku r Fkk oLr q, ¡ml s l fn; ksa l s t kuh i gpkuh yxr h gS A r Hkh ogk¡ d s d qN cPps jkt k d ks ns[ k ysr s gSa AcPps [ kq' kkh l s mNy&mNy d j fpYykuk ' kq: d j nsr s gSa fd cki w vk x; k cki w vk x; k A; g l c l qud j jkt k mu cPpksa d ks è; ku l s ns[ kus yxk fd ; g cPps r ks esjs jkr d s l i usokys gh gSa A r c jkt k d s vk' p; Z d k fBd kuk ugha jgk t c cPpksa d k gYyk&xqYyk l qud jxk¡o d s yksx Hkh bd V~Bs gks t kr s gSa A r Hkh jkt k D; k ns[ kr k gS fd os l Hkh yksx t kus i gpkusgSa A muesa jkr d s l i us okys ek¡&cki r Fkk i Ruh Hkh Fks t ks fd jkt k d ks ?ksj ysr s gSa A l Hkh?kj i j pyus dk vkxzg d jr s gSa fd r qe dy ejus dk cgkuk d jds fd / j pyk x; k Fkk A ; g?kksM+k r Fkk cf<+; k i ks' kkd dgk¡ l s yk; k gS A ml h l e; xq#nso l Hkh l kfFk; ksa ds l kFk ogk¡ i gq¡px; s r Fkk mu yksxksa d s ?ksjs l s jkt k d ks fud kyr s gSa i jUr q os yksx jkt k d ks NksM+r s ugha A bli j xq#nso mud k fu. kZ; d jr s gSa fd ; g l qd sr eaMh d k jkt k gS A bl d s l kFk bl d s l SfudHkh gSa A t ks r qEgkjk O; fDr ejk gS ml d h d cz d ks ns[ kks fd ml d k ' ko ml esa gS fd ughaAt c mu yksxksa us ml d h d cz [ kksnh r ks og ' ko ogha feyk A bl i j mu yksxksa us jkt k d ksNksM+ fn; k A jkLr s esa xq#nso us jkt k l s i wNk & r qeus vi us i fjokj d ks i gpku gh fy; kgksxkA bl i j og cksyk & gs xq#nso ! eSa ; g vki d h ek; k ugha t ku i k; k A , d r jQr ks og i fj okj okLr o esa esjk gh Fkk A D; ksafd j kr esa t ks eSaus l i uk ns[ kk Fkk og r ks ; ghFkk fd eSaus bl i fjokj esa , d t Ue d k t hou ft ; k gS A bl i j xq#nso us d gk & ; gd kSr qd r sjs eu esa cl h ' kad k d k l ek/ ku Fkk A bl i j jkt k us d gk & og d Sl s \ xq#nso

{248}

us cr k; k & ; g ckr Bhd gS ys[ k u feVs gs l [ kh] t ks fy[ k; k d j r kj * A i jUr qHkt u cUnxh r Fkk l k/ q l Ur ksa d h l axr d jus l s bu ys[ kksa esa es[ k* ekjh t k l d r h gS AvFkkZr r qeus , d t Ue Hkaxh d s ; gk¡ ysuk Fkk A i jUr q r qe l k/ l axr esa vk; s gks A bl fy,; g r sj k t Ue l i us eas i wjk d j fn; k x; k gS A

; g oÙkkar l qu ekr k t h d s psgjs i j l Ur ks"k d k Hkko Nk x; k A r Hkh fi z; k Hkh vk xbZAfi z; k d s l kFk ml d h HkkHkh Hkh Fkh A HkkHkh us eq>s ns[ kr s gh fxys f' kd os Hkjs vUnkt esa d gkµ vt hr HkbZ; k r qeus r ks gesa Hkqyk gh fn; k gS A d Hkh gekjs ; gk¡ vkr s gh ugha D; k ckrgS A

vt hr % D; k cr kÅ¡ HkkHkh t h A Hkkx&nkSM+ esa l e; gh ugha feyk A

HkkHkh % d Sl h Hkkx nkSM+ \

vt hr % ; gh ukSd jh d s pDd j esa A

HkkHkh % D; k d ksbZ ckr cuh \

vt hr % gk¡ eq>s vc l suk esa ukSd jh fey xbZ gS A d y eSa Vªsfuax d s fy, bZ-, e-bZ- d sl SUVj esa d qN vU; l kfFk; ksa d s l kFk t k jgk gw¡ A okLr o esa eSaus vki l s fonk ysus d s fy,vki d s ; gk¡ vkuk Fkk A

; g l qur s gh og xEHkhj gks xbZ r Fkk d gus yxh & r qe ; g D; k d g jgs gks \ D; kr qe l peqp Hkr hZ gks x; s gks \

vt hr % gk¡ HkkHkh t h eSaus l suk esa t kuk gh mfpr l e>k gS A

HkkHkh % i jUr q r qeus fu. kZ; ysus l s i gys vkxs i hNs Hkh l kspk gS A r qEgkjs l suk esa t kusi j ubZ l eL; k, ¡ mB [ kM+h gksxh A

vt hr % HkkHkh fpUr k d jus d h d ksbZ ckr ugha gS A gj l eL; k d k l ek/ ku gksr k ghgS A eSa vki d k b' kkjk t ku x; k gw¡ A ml d s fy, eSa ; gh d gw¡xk fd t Sl k vki l ksp jghgS oSl k gS ugha A D; ksafd Hkkjr h; l suk Hkh vc cgqr i zxfr d s i Fk i j gS r Fkk Hkkjr h; l suk

{249}

d k i quZxBu d jd s bl s cgqr vk/ qfud cuk fn; k gS A l Sfud ksa d s i fj okjksa d ks os l Hkhl q[ k&l qfo/ k feyr h gS t ks ' kk; n gh fd l h vl Sfud d eZpkjh d s i fjokj d ks feyr h gSa A

HkkHkh % eSa ; g l c d qN t kur h gw¡ A i jUr q r qe nwj cgqr nwj pys t kvksxs A

vt hr % bl oSKkfud ; qx esa nwjh d ksbZ egRo ugha j [ kr h A cl ân; esa Lusg gksukpkfg, A

r Hkh gekjh ckr phr l qud j ekr k t h chp eas gh eq>s i wNr h gS fd csVs eSa ; g D; k l qujgh gw¡ \ D; k r qe QkSt esa pys t kvksxs \

vt hr % gk¡ ekr k t h A eSa vkt vki d s i kl vki d k vk' khZokn ysus vk; k gw¡ A

ekr k t h % D; k r qEgkjs ekr k&fi r k us bl d k fojks/ ugha fd ; k \

vt hr % ugha] fcYd qy ugha A

esjs bl mÙkj i j og ' kkUr gks t kr h gS A r c cgw d ks i kl cqykd j og d qN d gr hgS A fQj FkksM+h nsj esa ckt +kj pyh t kr h gS A ' kk; n d qN t yi ku d s fy, oLr q, ¡ [ kjhnusxbZ gS A HkkHkh j l ksbZ ?kj esa pk; r S; kj d jus yx t kr h gS A

vt hr % fi z; k] r qe cgqr mnkl t ku i M+r h gks \

fi z; k % r qe t ks eq>s ea>/ kj esa NksM+ pys gks A

vt hr % eSa r sjh Hkkoukvksa d ks l e>r k gw¡ i jUr q bl i zd kj Hkkoqd cuus l s Hkh r ks d ksbZckr ugha cusxh A

fi z; k % r qe i q: "k gks bl fy, r qe esjh d et ksfj ; k¡ ugha l e> l d ksxs A

vt hr % eSa Hkh r qEgkjh r jg , d / M+d r k ân; j [ kr k gw¡ r Fkk l c dqN vuqHko d j jgkgw¡ A i jUr q Qd Z br uk gh gS fd r qe l c d qN d g ysr h gks r Fkk eSa d qN d g ugha i kr k A

fi z; k % fQj r qe D; ksa t kucw> d j vi us r Fkk esjs chp nhokj [ kM+h d j jgs gks \

{250}

vt hr % vxj r qe esjh nf"V l s bl h d ks ns[ kksxh r ks r qEgsa d ksbZ nhokj ut +j ugha vk; sxhAokLr o eas ge nwj jg d j Hkh , d &nwl js d s vkSj fud V vk; saxs A gekjs ân; esa , d &nwl jsd s i zfr Lusg vkSj Hkkouk, ¡ vkSj i zcy gksxh A r qe esjs ykSVus d k bUr t +kj d jksxh r ks ; gbUr t +kj vkSj Hkh l q[ knk; h gksxk A l PpkbZ r ks ; g gS fd eSa r sjs l s , d fnu d s fy, HkhfcNM+uk ugha pkgr k A cl r qEgsa i zkIr d jus d s fy, vkRe&fuHkZj cuuk pkgr k gw¡ A ft ld kj . k eq>s d qN l e; d s fy, r sjs l s nwj jguk gh gksxk A

fi z; k % eSa Hkh bl h ckr d ks l kspd j l Ur ks"k d j jgh gw¡ fd r qEgsa d qN cuuk gS A ml d sfy, eq>s Hkh d qN R; kx d juk gh gksxk A

vt hr % t hou esa i zse d jus okyksa d s eè; l a; ksx fo; ksx r ks yxk gh jgr k gS A bl hl s i zse esa r M+i r Fkk vVwVr k i Snk gksr h gS A

fi z; k % i jUr q eSa ; g l c t kur h gqbZ Hkh r sjk fcNksM+k l gu ugha d j i k jgh A u t kusD; ksa t c l s r qeus eq>s cr k; k gS fd eSa l suk esa t k jgk gw¡ r ks cl r c l s gj l e; eu esa , dcspSuh l h jgus yxh gS A

vt hr % fi z; k r qe eq>s d qjsn jgh gks A r sjh bu ckr ksa l s esjh Hkkouk; sa fQj l s r M+i mBhgSa A

fi z; k % eSa D; k d : ¡ \ ; g l kspr s gh fd r qe nwj d gha t k jgs gks esjk eu NVi Nkusyxr k gS A

r Hkh fi z; k d h vk¡[ ks Hkj vk; ha A r c eSa Hkh ml d s : nu l s i zHkkfor gq, fcuk u jgl dkA

r c eSaus Hkjs gq, eu l s d gk & fi z; k fo' okl j [ kks A eSa t gk¡ Hkh jgw¡xk r sjh ; kn gj{k. k vi us ân; esa l at ks d s j [ kw¡xk A

i jUr q fi z; k r ks Hkkoukvksa d h ck<+ eas cg jgh Fkh A eSaus ml d s us=k vi us : eky l s i kasNusd k i z; Ru fd ; k r Hkh og esjs xys fyi V xbZ A vc eq>l s Hkh u jgk x; k A eSaus ml d ks

{251}

vi us ân; l s yxk fy; k r Fkk ml d k efLr "d pwe fy; k A ml d s d s' kksa d ks gkFk l s l gykr sgq, I; kj fn; k A l kFk gh eSaus l kRouk Hkjs ' kCnksa eas d gk & eSa t Ynh gh ykSV d j r qEgsa l nkd s fy, vi uh cuk yw¡xk A

; g ' kkjhfjd Li ' kZ gekjs d bZ o"kks± d s i fjp; esa i gyk vol j Fkk A vHkh ge , d ubZvuqHkwfr esa [ kks, gh gq, Fks fd r Hkh HkkHkh us d ejs esa i zos' k fd ; k A r c ge l EHkys i jUr qHkkHkh dh i Suh nf"V l s d qN fNi k u Fkk A og >V l s cksyh & vjh ns[ kr h D; k gks \ feyyks] fey yks A fQj u t kus d c ; g ykSVd j vk; saxs A

; g l qur s gh fi z; k d s psgjs i j ykt d h ykfyek nkSM+ xbZ A i jUr q HkkHkh d gk¡ ekuusokyh Fkh ml us fi z; k d ks i d M+ d j esjs l s fHkM+k fn; k r Fkk cksyh & fe; ka choh jkt h r ks D; kd jsxk d kt +h A

r Hkh ekr k t h ckt +kj l s ykSV vkr h gSa r Fkk HkkHkh pk; yxkr h gS A ge l Hkh fey ds pk;i hr s gSa A pk; d s eè; HkkHkh cr kr h gS fd fi z; k d ks ukSd jh fey xbZ gS A ; g t kud j eq>svk' p; Z gksr k gS fd br us l e; r d ; g ' kqHk l ekpkj fi z; k us Lo; a eq>s D; ksa ugha cr k; k Abl fy, eSa fi z; k d ks l Ecks/ u d j d s i wNr k gw¡ & D; k ; g l p gS \ bl d s mÙkj esa ogxEHkhjr k l s fl j fgykd j Lohd kj d j r h gS A r Hkh eSa i z' u d j r k gw¡ fd r qeus eq>s br usl e; r d ; g ' kqHk l ekpkj Lo; a D; ksa ugha cr k; k \

fi z; k % eSa cr kuk r ks pkgr h Fkh A i jUr q r qEgkjs t kus d k l qud j d qN eu d h , sl hvoLFkk gks xbZ Fkh fd eq>s vi uh [ kq' kh r qEgkjs t kus d s vkxs cgqr Qhd h l h yxh A

vt hr % fi z; k r qe r ks , sl s gh fujk' kk d h ckr sa d j r h jgr h gks A okLr o esa vkt r kscgqr [ kq' kh d k fnu gS A D; ksafd ge nksuksa vkRefuHkZj cuus d s fy, u; s t hou esa i zos' k d jj gs gSa A

i jUr q fi z; k d s eu i j esjh ckr ksa d k d kssbZ i zHkko ugha i M+k A og oSl h d h oSl h gheqj>kbZ l h cSBh jgh A cl bl i zd kj okr koj . k xEHkhj cuk jgk A r c eSaus pk; i hus d si ' pkr ~ ekr k t h l s fonk yh A eq>s fonk d j r s l e; fi z; k d qN i hNs gh jgh A D; ksafdml d h vk¡[ ks vc vupkgs Nyd i M+h Fkha A og mUgsa i ksaNus d k i z; kl d j jgh Fkh A

{252}

cl bl i zd kj eSa ogk¡ l s ykSV vk; k r Fkk Vªsfuax d s fy, nwl js fnu vi us l kfFk; ksa d sl kFk l SaVj d s fy, py i M+k A vPNk eq>s vc uhan cgqr l r k jgh gS A l ks l q[ knso HkbZ; kvc vkKk nks A eSa l ksus d s fy, pyw¡ A bl i j l Hkh fjDj s' ku : e l s v i uh cSfjd ksa esat kd j l ks t kr s gSa A

••••••••••••••••••••

vxyh l qcg i jsM i j vks-l h- l kfgc d h r jQ l s l wpuk nh t kr h gS fd t ks t okuvejukFk ; k=kk d s fy, t kuk pkgr s gSa os vi us&vi us uke uksV d jok; as A ; g l Uns' kfeyr s gh bl fe=k eaMyh* esa l s cgqr l s fe=k Hkh uke uksV d jokr s gSa A ft l esa vt hr ]fot ; ] Jo. k fl a?k] v' kksd r Fkk jRu l fEefyr gksr s gSa A l wph r S; kj gksus i j vks-l h- l kfgc, d cM+h xkM+h fMVsy d j nsr s gSa t ks nksi gj d s Hkkst u mi jkar l Hkh d ks r hFkZ ; k=kk d s fy, yspyr h gS A cgqr yEcs l Qj d s i ' pkr ~ nwl js fnu yxHkx 4 ct s l qcg l Hkh t okuksa d ks ; gxkM+h l ksukekxZ d s vkxs okyVky i j i gq¡pk nsr h gS A l Hkh t oku t Yn gh ' kkSp o Luku l sfuoÙk gksd j ; qfuV l s ykbZ l kexzh l s pk; r S; kj d j r s gSa r Fkk t Ynh gh pk; l ekIr d j/ q¡/ ys i zd k' k esa i fo=k xqQk d h r jQ i zLFkku d j nsr s gSa A yxHkx 1 fd yksehVj vkxs c<+usi j l q; ksZn; d s fpUg Li "V gksus yxr s gSa A i oZr ksa esa l s gksr h gqbZ , d i xMaMh i j l Hkhfe=kx. k i gq¡p t kr s gSa r Fkk ckdh ; qfuV ds ; qod d qN vf/ d mRl kg d s d kj. k t Ynh vkxsc<+ t kr s gSa A

vt hr % l Hkh d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s gq, d gr k gS fd ; fn ; k=kk d k l q[ k pkgr s gks r ksFkksM+k / hjs pfy; s A bl l s ge vi us y{; esa fcuk Fkd s i gq¡p t k; saxs r Fkk bu i zkd fr dje. kh; n' ; ksa d s l kSUn; Z d k Hkh vkuUn ys l d saxs A

; g l qu l Hkh fe=k bl fopkj l s l ger gks t kr s gSa r Fkk i zkd fr d n' ; ksa d s l kSUn; Z esa[ kks t kr s gSa A fo' ks"kd j [ kkbZ; k¡ r Fkk ukyksa esa cQZ d s <sjksa d ks vk' p; Z l s ns[ kr s gSa A D; ksafdbu cQZ d h pV~Vkuksa d s uhps l ss unh cg jgh gS r Fkk Åi j i ' kq py fQj jgs gSa A r Hkh oki lykSVr s gq, d qN yksx fn[ kkbZ i M+r s gSa A buesa l s vf/ d ka' k us l k/ q os' k / kj . k fd ; k gqvk gSAbu yksxksa us vi us gkFkksa esa Hkk¡fr &Hkk¡fr d s l kt & Me: ] fcxqy] fpeVk] ' ka[ k] f=k' kwy] ex

{253}

Nkyk] d e.My bR; kfn fy, s gq, gSa A buesa l s vf/ d ka' k d s fl j eq.Ms gq, gSa r Fkk d qN , dus nk<+h r Fkk d s' k j [ ks gq, gSa A i jUr q vi us d s' kksa d h yVsa cuk j [ kh gSa A bl d s vfr fjDrbu yksxksa us Hkxos d i M+ksa d s l kFk xys esa cM+h&cM+h : nzk{k d h ekyk, a i gu j [ kha gSa r Fkk ; gl Hkh yksx Hkxoku ' kad j t h d s uke d h t ; &t ; d kjk d j r s gq, vk jgs gSa A

fot ; % eSaus bl l k/ q e. Myh d ks d qN fnu i gys i Sny ; k=kk d s fy, vkr s ns[ kk Fkk A; gk¡ i j , d &nks fnu i gys gh i gq¡p x; s gksaxs A i jUr q vkt ykSV jgs gSa A

jRu % ; g cU/ uksa l s eqDr yksx gSa A eu d s jkt k gSa A l q[ ke; t hou t hr s gSa A t gk¡pkgs bud ks fd l h i zd kj d h fpar k fQd j r ks gksr k ugha A

vt hr % jRu HkkbZ r qEgkjh ckr d h i jh{kk d jus d ks eu gks jgk gS A

jRu % D; k er yc \

vt hr % ; gh fd bu l k/ q : i / kj . k d jus okyksa d ks d ksbZ fpar k fQd j ugha gS A D; k; s l Hkh eu l s Hkh l k/ q gks pqd s gSa \

jRu % ; g i jh{kk r qe d Sl s yksxs \

vt hr % bud s fud V vkus i j eSa bul s okr kZyki d : ¡xk A cl ml h esa eSa ckr ksa gh ckr ksaesa bud s ân; d s Hksn bUgha d s eq[ k l s d gyok yw¡xk A

fot ; % yks os yksx vk gh x; s gSa A

vt hr % l k/ wvksa d s vkus i j l k/ qvksa d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s gq, A vHkh vejukFk fd r uhnwj gS \

, d t Vk/ kjh l k/ q % yxHkx nl fd yksehVj A

vt hr % vki yksx br uh t Ynh oki l D; ksa ykSV jgs gSa \

l k/ w % csVk geus vi us vkJe esa ykSVuk gS r Fkk ogk¡ d h O; oLFkk d juh gS A

{254}

vt hr % egkjkt t c vki br uh nwj l s vk; s gSa r ks d qN fnu r ks Bgjuk gh Fkk A

l k/ w % csVk vejukFk esa Bgjus d s l k/ u mi yC/ ugha gSa r Fkk ogk¡ cgqr vf/ d l nhZHkh gS \

vt hr % i jUr q egkRek t h vki r ks l U; kl h gSa A vki us r ks vf/ d ka' k t hou , sl s ghfut Zu LFkkuksa esa r Fkk l k/ uksa d s vHkko esa O; r hr fd ; k gqvk gksxk A ogk¡ i j r ks esyk gS r Fkkl jd kj d h r jQ l s ; kf=k; ksa d s fy, l q[ k l qfo/ k d h O; oLFkk Hkh gS A ogk¡ vki pkgr s r ksBgj l d r s Fks A

l k/ w % csVs l ks r ks Bhd gS A gesa r ks n' kZuksa d h vfHkyk"kk Fkh l ks d j fy, gSa A vHkhvi us vkJe t Ynh i gq¡puk t : jh gS A D; ksafd vkJe d h O; oLFkk esa d bZ i zd kj d h ck/k, ¡ mRi Uu gks pqd h gksaxh A

vt hr % egkjkt vki D; ksa O; FkZ d h fpar kvksa esa vi us vki d ks my>k jgs gSa \ ; gl Hkh d k; Z i zHkq Lo; a d jsaxs A vki d ks r ks bl je. kh; LFkku esa gh d gha è; ku exu gks t kukpkfg, Fkk A

l k/ w % csVk ge è; ku gh yxkr s gSa A ml d s fy, gh geus vkJe r Fkk vU; l q[ k l qfo/kvksa d s l k/ u t qVk; s gq, gSa A t gk¡ ge vi uh vko' ; d r k d s vuql kj t hou ; ki u d jsa r FkkfpUr u euu Hkh d jsa A

vt hr % vki d k xgLFk vkJe d ks R; kxus d k D; k ykHk gqvk t cfd fpar u euu d sfy, Hkh l q[ k l qfo/ k; ksa d s l k/ u t qVkus i M+r s gSa \

r Hkh nwl jk jksMk (d s' kfoghu) l k/ w % vki yksxksa d s i kl ekfpl r ks gksxh \

vt hr % esjs i kl r ks ugha gS A i jUr q vki d ks ekfpl d h D; k vko' ; d r k i M+ xbZ gS\

jksMk l k/ w % / qezi ku d jus d k eu gks jgk gS A

vt hr % i jUr q egkjkt vki r ks l U; kl h gSa A t c vki us l al kj gh R; kx fn; k gS r ks; g bl l al kj d h Hkn~nh oLr q gS A vki us bl d k R; kx D; ksa ugha fd ; k \

{255}

l k/ w % csVs geus r ks l al kj d h r qPN oLr q ek; k* d k R; kx fd ; k gS A ' kjhj d ks t hforj [ kus d s fy, [ kkus i hus d h r ks vko' ; d r k i M+r h gh gS A

vt hr % i jUr q egkjkt t hfor jgus d s fy, r ks l k/ kj . k Hkkst u gh i ; kZIr gS A ml d sfy, u' kksa d h D; k vko' ; d r k gS \

l k/ w % cPpk ; g u' ks ugha gSa A ge yksx l ek/ h yxkus d s fy, bl s , d l k/ u d s : iesa i z; ksx d j r s gSa A

vt hr % i jUr q egkjkt vHkh r ks vki d ksbZ l ek/ h yxkus d h fLFkfr esa ugha gSa r Fkk ogl k/ uk Hkh D; k ft l esa u' kksa d k l gkjk fy; k t k; s A okLr o esa r ks l k/ uk r ks d soy eu d ksl k/ us d ks gh d gr s gSa A vxj d ksbZ l k/ w os' k / kj . k d jd s og eu d k xqyke cur k gS aeu d ks ugha l k/ r k r Fkk eu d ks [ kq' k d jus d s fy, u' ks d jr k gS r ks , sl k O; fDr l k/ q ughai k[ k. Mh gS A i zHkq d h nf"V esa nksgjk vi jk/ h Hkh gS A Bhd ml h i zd kj ft l i zd kj d ksbZl Ur jh i gjk nsr s gq, Lo; a gh pksjh d j ys A bl i zd kj ml i j nksgjk vi jk/ gks t kr k gSAi gyk pksjh d jus d k nwl jk xn~nkjh d jus d k A Bhd bl h i zd kj l k/ q os' k / kj . k d jus okykvxj d ksbZ u' kk d j r k gS r ks og , d r ks u' ks d jus d k vi jk/ h gS r Fkk nwl jk l k/ q os' k /kj . k d jd s eu d ks u l k/ i kus d k A

l k/ q % i jUr q ; g cwVh r ks Lo; a f' ko Hkxoku i hr s Fks r Fkk l Hkh l k/ w e. Mfy; ksa esabl d k l sou gksr k gS A r Hkh r ks bl d k uke f' ko cwVh gS A

vt hr % , d r ks vki vi jk/ d jr s gSa r Fkk vi us d qd eks± i j i nkZ Mkyus d s fy, vkiHkxoku f' ko dk uke ysd j mudks cnuke d jus dk nqLl kgl d j jgs gSa t ks fd egkvi jk/ gSA

l k/ q % l Hkh l k/ q i hr s gSa A eSa vd syk FkksMs+ i hr k gw¡ A

vt hr % gk¡ Bhd gS A vki d h r jg vkt d y cgqr l s xfy; ksa ckt +kjksa esa xkat k i hr s?kwe jgs gSA A vxj og d guk ' kq: d j nsa fd ; g r ks f' ko cwVh gS A f' ko Hkxoku Hkh i hr sFks r Fkk ge Hkh i zHkq è; ku gsr q gh i h jgs gSa r ks D; k l ekt mu yksxksa d h ckr eku ys fd ; gu' ks esa csgks' k ugha A ; g r ks i zHkq è; ku esa l ek/ h yxk; s cSBs gSa A

{256}

jRu % vt hr HkbZ; k D; kas cgl esa my> jgs gks \

jRu % ( l k/ q d ks l Eckspu d j r s gq, ) yks HkkbZ ; g ekfpl yks A

og i k[ k.Mh xkat s okyh fl xzsV t ykd j pyk t kr k gS A

vt hr % ns[ k fy; k u ; gh r sjs l k/ w Fks u A okLr o esa Qd hjk Qd hjh cgqr nwj* gS A

fot ; % vt hr HkkbZ D; k fl D[ kksa esa l U; kl ugha ysr s \

vt hr % Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h fFk; kSjh d s vuql kj d soy eu d k gh l U; kl ysuk gSA' kjhj dk l U; kl , d i k[ kaM gS A D; ksafd , sl k O; fDr l ekt d s fy, dbZ i zdkj dh l eL; k, a[ kM+h d j nsr k gS r Fkk vi uh ft +Eesnkfj ; ksa l s Hkh eq¡g eksM+ ysr k gS A bl fy, ogh i z. kkyhvi ukuh gS A t ks gj O; fDr vkl kuh l s vi uk l d s D; ksafd xgLFk vkJe i zd fr d k fl ¼kargS r Fkk l U; kl ge yksxksa }kjk cuk; k x; k , d d eZ gS A ; fn i zHkq i zkfIr d soy l U; kfl ; ksad ks gh gks r ks xgLFkh bl vewY; Qy i zkfIr l s jg t k; sa r Fkk L=kh t kfr d ks r ks d Hkh Hkh i zHkqi zkfIr u gksr h A i jUr q , sl k ugha gS A i zHkq i zkfIr r ks d soy eu d h , d fo' ks"k voLFkk l sgh gksr h gS A og gj uj&ukjh d ks gks l d r h gS A t ks v i us eu d ks l k/ ysr k gS A ; geu d ks l k/ us l s foi jhr gS A og l al kj d h l Hkh oLr qvksa l s eksgokl uk ugha j [ kr k gS A cll Hkh oLr qvksa d k i z; ksx d j r s gq, è; ku i zHkq d s Hk; esa j [ kuk fd d ksbZ ' kfDr gS t ks gekjs gjd k; Z d ks ns[ k jgh gS A bl r jg fujar j i zHkq d s i zr hr h Hkko esa jgd j ge l al kj d h l HkhoLr qvksa d ks d soy eu d jd s R; kxsaxs] ' kjhj l s ugha r ks ; g gekjk l cl s cM+k R; kx vkSj l U; klgksxk A bl d s fy, xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h us vi uh , d jpuk esa bl i zd kj fy[ kk gS µ

j s eu , sl ks d fj l aU; kl k AA

cu l s l nu] l cS d j l e>gq] eugh ekfga mnkl k AA

t r d h t Vk] t ksx d ks et uq] use d s u[ ku c<+vks AA

Kku xq# vkr e mi nsl gq] uke fcHkwr yxkvks AA

vyi vgkj l qyi l h fuanzk] n; k fNek r u i zhfr AA

l hy l ar ks[ k l nk fuj ckfgcks gSocks f=kxq. k vr hfr AA

d ke] Øks/ ] gad kj ] yksHk] gB] eksg u eu l ks y; koS AA

r cgh vkr e r r d ks nj l s] i j e i qj [ k d g i koS AA xq: xksfcUn fl a?

{257}

vt hr % l PpkbZ r ks ; g gS fd l Hkh l Ei znk; bl r F; d ks ekur s gSa fd i zHkq d s ; gk¡gekjk ogh d k; Z Lohd kj gksr k gS t ks ge eu l s d jr s gSa A ' kjhj }kjk fd ; s x; s d k; Z d k ogk¡d ksbZ fo' ks"k egRo ugha gksr k A d soy ' kjhj }kjk fd ; s x; s d k; Z okLr o esa vi us vki d ks/ ks[ kk nsus ek=k gS fd eSa , d cgqr cM+k HkDr gw¡ A l PpkbZ r ks ; g gS fd O; fDr t c eul s d k; Z u d j ' kjhj l s d k; Z d jr k gS r c ml d s l c d k; Z d eZd k.M ek=k gh jg t kr s gSa Aog vi us okLr fod y{; d h i zkfIr d j gh ugha i kr k A , sl k gh , d i z' u xq# ukud nsot h i j mÙkjk[ kaM dh ; k=kk d jr s l e; fl ¼ yksxksa us fd ; k Fkk fd vki r ks xgLFkh gks t cfdge r ks l U; kl h gSa A bl fy, ge Js"B gSa A bl i j xq#nso us mÙkj fn; k fd gs Hkaxj ukFkbl esa r qEgkjk nks"k ugha A r qEgkjh ek¡ d k gS A ft l us r qEgsa t Ue r ks fn; k gS A i jUr q ; gugha cr k; k fd og Lo; a xgLFkh u gksr h r ks vkt r qEgkjk vfLr Ro Hkh u gksr k A vxj l HkhO; fDr xgLFk vkJe d ks NksVk ; k uhpk t kuus yxs r ks bl l al kj d h mRi fÙk gh l EHko ujgs A bl i j xq#nso us Hkaxj ukFk l s i z' u fd ; k fd ; fn r qe xgLFk d ks uhpk ekur s gks r ksfQj xgfLFk; ksa d s ; gk¡ fHk{kk ek¡xus D; ksa pys t kr s gks \ ml s bl d k mÙkj ugha l w>k Abl fy, og fu: Ùkj gksd j ' kkUr jgk A

v' kksd % vt hr HkbZ; k ge d ksbZ Hkh d k; Z eu l s d jsa A ' kjhj l s u d jsa A bl l s r qEgkjkD; k vFkZ gS \

vt hr % bl i z' u d s mÙkj esa eSa r qEgsa , d l Pph d Fkk l qukr k gw¡ A

bl ckj xq# xksafcUn fl a?k t h ; q¼ d ky esa jkr d s l e; vi us VSaUV esa foJke d j jgsFks A r c muds VSUV d s ckgj mud s pkj f' k"; l ar jh d s : i esa i gjk ns jgs Fks fd r Hkh d qNnwj xk¡o esa uV yksxkas }kjk vk; ksft r d k; ZØe d s l axhr d h e/ qj èofu; k¡ xwat us yxha A blèofu d ks l qu bu pkjksa us vki l esa fopkj fd ; k fd ; g ukVd ns[ kk t k; s A i jUr q nskl ar fj ; ksa d k fopkj Fkk fd ge M; wVh i j gSa bl fy, gekjk ogk¡ t kuk vi jk/ gSa A i jUr q nksl ar fj ; ksa us fopkj fd ; k fd Bhd gS ge yksx d qN l e; d s fy, ogk¡ gks vkr s gSa A r c r dr qe yksx ; gk¡ i j gh jgks r Fkk os ukVd ns[ kus pys x; s A i jUr q ogk¡ i j mu nksuksa l ar fj ; ksad k eu ukVd ns[ kus esa yxk gh ugha A cl bu nksuksa d s eu esa Hk; l ek; k jgk fd geusvi jk/ fd ; k gS A ge M; wVh l s D; ksa vk; s A bl i zd kj bud k eu M; wVh i j gh jgk A bl d s

{258}

foi jhr M; wVh i j r Sukr l ar fj ; ksa d s eu esa fopkj mRi Uu gqvk fd ge D; ksa u ukVd ns[ kuspys x; s r Fkk os eu gh eu l axhr d h èofu l s ukVd d k vuqeku yxkr s jgs A t c l qcggqbZ r ks xq#nso us vkns' k fn; k fd t ks jkr esa M; wVh l s xSj gkft j Fks A mud ks i s' k fd ; k t k; sAt ks ukVd ns[ kus x; s gq, Fks mud ks i s' k d j fn; k x; k A i jUr q xq#nso us d gk ; g yksxokLr o esa mi fLFkr Fks A D; ksafd ; g eu d jd s M; wVh ns jgs Fks A i jUr q t ks vi us vki d ksgkft j l e> jgs gSa A okLr o esa ogh xSj gkft j Fks A D; ksafd mud k eu r ks ukVd ns[ kusesa Fkk A vr % xq#nso us Li "V fd ; k fd gekjs ; gk¡ r ks gkt +jh eu d h gh ekuh t kr h gS r ud h ugha \

jRu % ckr r ks l e> esa vkr h gS A i jUr q nqfu; k d s O; ogkj esa ' kjhj d s d k; Z d ks ghegRo fn; k t kr k gS A t Sl s & eku yks ge yksx gh M; wVh i j gksa r ks gekjs eu d ks fd lus ns[ kk gS A ' kjhj d ks gh gkt +j ns[ kk t k; sxk \

vt hr % cl ; gh l al kfjd r Fkk vykSfd d ckr ksa esa vUr j gksr k gS A l al kfjd ckr ksa esal kjk egRo ' kkjhfjd d kj&O; ogkj d ks feyr k gS A i jUr q vkè; kfRed nqfu; k esa ' kjhj feF;gS A vkRek vej gS A bl fy, ogk¡ l Hkh egRo eu }kjk fd ; s x; s l ad Yi d ks gh fn; k t kr kgS A

jRu % ge yksx t ks ' kjhj }kjk Hkt u vkjr h r Fkk ozr use d jr s gSa A ml d k d ksbZ egRougha \

vt hr % egRo r ks gS A vxj ' kjhj d s l kFk eu Hkh i zHkq vkj r h esa t qM+ t k; s ugha r ks; g l c d eZ d kaM ek=k r Fkk t x fn[ kkok gS A i zHkq d s ; gk¡ bl d k d ksbZ egRo ugha A ughar ks i zR; sd vkj r h r Fkk i wt k d jus okys d ks i zHkq i zkfIr gks t kr h r Fkk og ge yksxksa esa Js"Bekuo cu t kr k A i jUr q , sl k ugha gS A

jRu % bl d k D; k vFkZ gqvk \ gesa i zHkq i zkfIr ugha gks l d r h \

vt hr % bl d s fy, eSa r qEgsa , d y?kw d Fkk l qukr k gw¡ A , d ckj d qN f' k"; xq#xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s l Eeq[ k mi fLFkr gq, fd ge gj jkst + xq: ok. kh i <+r s gSa A i jUr q gekjs

{259}

t hou esa d ksbZ ØkfUr d kjh i fjor Zu ugha gqvk A u gh gekjs ân; esa ' kkfUr mRi Uu gqbZ gSAbl d k D; k d kj . k gS \ bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us d gk vPNk bl i z' u d k mÙkj r qEgsa d ynksi gj d ks fn; k t k; sxk A

xehZ d s fnu Fks A nwl js fnu xq#nso us vkns' k fn; k fd vkt d ksbZ i kuh ugha fi ; sxk At c l c yksxksa d ks I; kl l r kus yxh r ks os xq#nso d s i kl vk; s fd egkjkt I; kl yxh gS Ai kuh i hus d h vkKk nhft , A r c xq#nso us d gk l Hkh vi us fy, i hus d s yksVs Hkjd j esjsi kl vk t kvks A t c l c yksx i kuh Hkjs yksVs ysd j mi fLFkr gks x; s r ks xq#nso us vkns' k fn; kfd l Hkh vi us&vi us yksVksa }kjk i kuh l s d qYys d jks A exj i kuh i huk ugha gS A l Hkh f' k"; ksaus gqDe d s vuql kj l kjs i kuh d s d qYys gh fd ; s ml s fi ; k ugha A r c xq#nso us l Hkh f' k"; ksad ks l e>kr s gq, d gk t Sl s i kuh ds d qYys d jus ek=k l s I; kl ugha cq>r h r Fkk O; kd qyr k cuhjgr h gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj xq: ok. kh i <+us ek=k l s ' kkfUr ugha feyr h A d soy xq: ok. kh eq¡gl s i <+r s jguk i kuh d s d qYys d jus d s l eku gS A t Sl s gh vki i kuh d s d qYys u d j ml sfi ; saxs oSl s gh vki d h I; kl r Fkk O; kd qyr k l ekIr gksxh r Fkk r fIr feysxh A Bhd oSl s ghxq: ok. kh d s Hkko eu esa cl us l s r Fkk ml i j t hou ; ki u d jus l s gh ' kkfUr r Fkk t houesa ØkfUr d kjh i fjor Zu gksr k gS A

fot ; % vxj d ksbZ O; fDr eu l s gh i zHkq vkjk/ uk d jr k gks A ml d h vkjk/ uk t xfn[ kkok u gks r ks ml esas d Sl k ØkfUr d kjh i fjor Zu fn[ kkbZ nsr k gS \

vt hr % , sl s O; fDr n<+ l adYi r Fkk vkRefo' okl h gks t kr s gSa A mudk t hou Hk; j fgrgks t kr k gS A mnkgj . k d s fy, eSa r qEgsa , d , sfr gkfl d ?kVuk l qukr k gw¡ A

, d l e; egkjkt k j. kt hr fl a?k d h l suk; sa muds t juy gjh fl a?k uywos dh d ekaM esai s' kkoj d s {ks=k esa i Bkuksa l s Hk; ad j ; q¼ esa t w> jgh Fkh A i Bku l sukvksa d h l a[ ; k d ghavf/ d gksus d s d kj . k fl [ k l suk i j i Bkuksa d k ncko cuk gqvk Fkk A bl fy, gjh fl a?kuywos us j . kt hr fl a?k d ks vkSj l suk Hkst us d k l ans' k }kjk vuqjks/ fd ; k A t c ; g l ans' kj . kt hr fl a?k d s i kl i gq¡pk r ks og Lo; a Hkkjh l suk ysd j i s' kkoj d h r jQ py i M+s A t cog fl a/ q unh i j i gq¡ps r ks ogk¡ i j ' k=kq l suk }kj k ukoksa d k i qy r ksM+ fn; k x; k Fkk A vc

{260}

j . kt hr fl a?k d s l keus i jh{kk d h ?kM+h Fkh A unh i kj d jus d ks d ksbZ l k/ u u i kd j mUgksaus, d n<+ fu' p; fd ; k r Fkk i zHkq d s l Eeq[ k gksd j (vjnkl ) vkjk/ uk d h fd gs i zHkq gjgkyr esa ; g unh i kj d juh gh gS A vc esjh bTt +r r sjs l kFk esa gS r Fkk og Lo; a vi us?kksM+s l fgr unh esa ?kql x; s r Fkk Bhd unh d s eè; esa ?kksM+s d ks jksd l Hkh l suk d ks unh i kjd jus d k vkns' k fn; k A t c j . kt hr fl a?k d h l suk us ; g vnHkwr peRd kj ns[ kk fdfl a/ w unh t Sl s Hk; ad j unh us j . kt hr fl a?k d ks jkLr k ns fn; k gS r Fkk mud s ?kksM+s d h d soyVk¡xs gh i kuh esa Mwch gSa r ks l kjh l suk esa l kgl d h ygj nkSM+ xbZ r Fkk og yksx j . kt hr fl a?kd k vuql j . k d jr s gq, i kj gksus yxs A i jUr q j . kt hr fl a?k unh d s chp esa [ kM+s jgs r Fkk mll e; og xq: ok. kh d h , d i afDr i <+ jgs Fks A t c mud s yxHkx l Hkh l Sfud i kj gks pqd sr ks og Hkh unh i kj d j x; s A i jUr q d qN , d l Sfud t ks mud s d qN gh i hNs unh i kj d jusesa yxs gq, Fks A os unh i kj u d j l d s A t Sl s gh j . kt hr fl a?k unh d s ckgj vk; s A osl Sfud unh esa cg x; s A unh d s ml i kj ; g n' ; ogk¡ [ kM+k , d eYykg ns[ k jgk Fkk t ksfd ' k=kq l suk d k xqIr pj Fkk A ml d s d Fku vuql kj j . kt hr fl a?k ml l e; , d xq: ok. khd k ' yksd i <+ jgs Fks t ks fuEufyf[ kr gS &

eaus d h xfr d gh u t kb AA

t s d ks d gS fi NS i Nqr kb AA

d kxfn d ye u fy[ k. kgk# AA

eaus d k cfg d j fu ohpk# AA

, sl k ukeq fuj at uq gksb AA

t s d ks eafu t k. kS efu d ksb AA

i "B ý

{261}

ml l e; j . kt hr fl a?k ds var %d j. k esa i zHkq dh vFkkg ' kfDr r Fkk vi uh vkjk/ uk i jvkRefo' okl t kxr gks x; k Fkk A r Hkh og t i q t h l kfgc dh i afDr ; k¡ i <+us yxk Fkk A i afDr ; ksadk Hkko bl i zdkj gS µ

gs i zHkq ! t ks r sjh ' kfDr r Fkk r q> i j fo' okl j [ kr s gSa A mud h xfr vFkkZr mud hckr sa gh d gh ugha t k l d r ha A vxj d ksbZ r sjh ' kfDr d k o. kZu d jr k gS ; k ml d k vuqekuyxkd j ' kCnksa }kjk cr kuk pkgr k gS r ks og Hkh ckn esa i ' pkr ki eas gh jgr k gS A D; ksafdog t kur k gS fd t ks Hkh eSaus cr k; k gS A og ml i zHkq d h efgek esa cgqr r qPN gS A okLr oesa i zHkq dh efgek dk vuqHko gh fd ; k t k l d r k gS A og dkxt + ; k d ye d s }kjk fy[ kh ughat k l d r h A t ks i zHkq d h vi kj ' kfDr l s i fjp; i k ysr s gSa A og bl ekuo l ekt d s gji zd kj d s Hk; l s eqDr gks t kr s gSa A i zHkq uke gh gS ft l d h d ksbZ l ekur k ugha d j l d r kAvxj d ksbZ i zHkq i j J¼k r Fkk fo' okl j [ ks A

v' kksd % bu l c ckr ksa d k vFkZ gqvk fd O; fDr d ksbZ Hkh gks ml d s var %d j . k d h' kq¼r k i j fuHkZj gS i zHkq i zkfIr A

vt hr % eSa bl d s l eFkZu esa r qEgsa , d ckr cr kuk pkgr k gw¡ A , d ckj gekjs NBsxq# gjxksfcUn t h i j , d i hj us vki fÙk d j r s gq, i z' u fd ; k fd d gk¡ xq# ckck ukudQd hj r Fkk d gk & vki jkt l h BkV&ckV] , s' o; Z d s t hou t hus okys A vki d h r qyukvkè; kfRed nf"V l s ckck ukud l s gks gh ugha l d r h A bl fy, eSa vki d ks mud k mÙkjkf/d kjh ekur k gh ugha A bl d s mÙkj esa xq# gjxksfcUn l kfgc t h us mÙkj fn; k µ

vkSj r bZeku] nkSyr xqt j ku]

i q=k fu' kku] d j uh i z/ ku A

Qd hj fgUnq uk eqLyeku

bl mÙkj d k l h/ k vFkZ Fkk fd xgLFk vkJe esa jg d j Hkh Js"B] mÙke r Fkk vknZ' kt hou ft ; k t k l d r k gS t ks fd i k[ kaMh l k/ w l U; kfl ; ksa l s d gha vf/ d i zHkq i zkfIr d jl d r k gS A

{262}

Jo. k % ns[ kks ; gk¡ fd r uh gjh&gjh ?kkl gS A ; gk¡ FkksM+h nsj d s fy, foJke d j ysr sgSa A

jRu % gk¡ ; kj ] esjk Hkh l k¡l Qwy jgk gS A FkksM+h nsj ; gha l qLr k ysr s gSa A

l Hkh bl ckr esa l ger gksd j ogk¡ i j cSB t kr s gSa A

fot ; % , d ckr cr kvks vt hr HkbZ; k A ge fgUnqvksa esa , d&nwl js ds nsoh&nsor kvksad s ; k vor kjksa d s fo"k; esa t gk¡ ekU; kr k; sa cgqr gSa A ogk¡ fuUnk Hkh cgqr gksr h gS A t Sl sJh d ". k t h d h jkl yhyk i j r Fkk e; kZnk i q"kksZÙke Jh jke pUnz t h }kjk l hr k d s i fjR; kxi j A D; k bl i zd kj d h r qEgkjsa ; gk¡ Hkh ckr sa gksr h gSa \

vt hr % gekjs ; gk¡ i j l Hkh egki q: "kksa d ks d soy xq# d k LFkku fn; k t kr k gS A vr %xq# d h fuank d nkfpr d h gh ugha t k l d r h A ; gk¡ , d ckr è; ku j [ kus ; ksX; gS ; fn gevi us ekr k&fi r k d k Lo; a cgqr vf/ d l Eeku d jr s gSa r ks LoHkkfod gs fd gekjs cPps ; kgekjs fe=kx. k Hkh gekjs ekr k&fi r k d k l Eeku d jsaxs A Bhd bl d s foi jhr ; fn ge vi usekr k&fi r k d k Lo; a gh l Eeku ; k vknj ugha d jr s r ks ge nwl jksa l s Hkh d ksbZ vk' kk ugha j [ kl d r s fd og gekjs ekr k&fi r k d k l Eeku ; k vknj d jsa A okLr o esa og gekjk ghvuql j . k d jsaxs A vFkkZr os Hkh gekjs ekr k&fi r k d ks d ksbZ fo' ks"k egRo ugha nsaxs A bl fy,; fn ge pkgr s gSa fd gekjs xq: t uksa ; k vor kjksa d ks nwl js yksx Hkh l Eeku d h nf"V l s ns[ ksar ks i gys gesa Lo; a mud k l Eeku r Fkk vknj d juk gS A bl ckr d ks Li "V d jus d s fy,eSa r qEgsa fczfV' k d ky d h , d ?kVuk l qukr k gw¡ A

t Sl k fd r qe t kur s gh gks fd fczfV' k d ky l s gh Hkkj r h; l suk esa efUnj ] xq#¼kjs]efLt n r Fkk fxj t k bR; kfn gqvk d j r s Fks r Fkk l Hkh l Sfud vi uh bPNk vuql kj ghO; fDr xr mi kl uk esa Lor U=k Fks A bl i zd kj , d fcxzsM esa , d vaxzst + fczxsMh; j d ks ?kjl s d ksbZ ' kqHk l ekpkj feyk A ml d s eu eas bPNk mRi Uu gqbZ fd bl [ kq' kh esa eSa l Hkh i zd kjd s l Sfud ksa d ks Hkh l fEefyr d jd s mud h Hkh i z' kUl k i zkIr d : ¡ A vr % ml us vkns' k fn; kfd d y d s d k; ZØe d k i zkjEHk / kfeZd d k; ZØeksa l s gksxk A vr % l Hkh l Ei znk; ksa d s xazFkksad k i kB fd ; k t k; sxk A bl i zd kj , d fuf' pr LFkku i j d k; ZØe d s vk; kst u d k

{263}

fu/ kZj . k fd ; k x; k A nwl js fnu ekSyoh] i afMr r Fkk i knjh l kfgc vi us&vi us xazFk ysd jfuf' pr LFkku i j i gq¡p x; s A i jUr q Kkuh t h us fczxsMh; j l kfgc l s i zkFkZuk d h fd Jh xq#xzaFk l kfgc d ks ; gk¡ i j ykus l s i gys ; gk¡ i j VSUV r Fkk ' kkfe; kuksa d h O; oLFkk gksuh vfuok; ZgS A bl d s vfr fjDr ge VSUV esa , d fo' ks"k i zd kj d k eap ; k LVst r S; kj d jsaxs A fQjogha Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h l okjh vk; sxh A r Hkh fczxsMh; j l kfgc d s vkns' k l s r qjUr r Ecw' kkfe; kus r Fkk eap cuok; k x; k A r c d gha xzaFkh t h us l Hkh J¼kyqvksa r Fkk l gk; d ksa d ksysd j Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h l okjh i jEi jkxr fu; e l s ykus d h O; oLFkk d h A l cl s vkxs, d cM+s or Zu esa i kuh ysd j , d l sod ekxZ eas i kuh d k fNM+d ko d jus yxk A r kfd/ wy u mM+s A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ d qN J¼kyqvksa us vi us&vi us l kt + ysd j d hr Zu ' kq: d jr sgq, pyuk i zkjEHk d j fn; k A r Hkh xzaFkh t h us xazFk l kfgc d h i kyd h d ks fl j i j mBk fy; kr Fkk og Hkh d hr Zu e. Myh }kjk xk; s x; s ' kCn (ok. kh) d h i afDr ; k¡ i <+us yxs A xzaFkh t hd s i hNs d s l sod xzaFk l kfgc d h i kyd h i j poj d jus yxk r Fkk l cd s i ' pkr ~ ckd hJ¼kyw py i M+s r Fkk ' kCn d hr Zu d h i afDr ; ka i <+us yxs A bl i zd kj ; s yksx Jh xq# xzaFkl kfgc d h l okjh ysd j eap d h r jQ py i M+s A jkLr s esa t ks Hkh J¼kyq Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgcd h l okjh ns[ kr k A og [ kM+k gks t kr k r Fkk cM+h J¼k l s ' kh' k >qd kd j ueLd kj d jr s gq,i zkFkZuk d jr k r Fkk xq#nso d h l okjh d s l kFk gks ysr k A ; g n' ; nwj [ kM+s fczxsMh; j l kfgcLo; a Hkh ns[ k jgs Fks A vr % og Hkh [ kM+s u jg l d s r Fkk og vi us LFkku l s pyd j ckd hJ¼kyqvksa d h r jg xq#nso d h l okjh d h vxokbZ d jus yxs A t c ; s yksx VSUV esa r S; kj eapi j i gq¡ps r ks xzaFkh t h us xq#nso d h l okjh eap i j i zd k' keku d jd s vjnkl d h r Fkk ml d si ' pkr ~ l Hkh J ¼kyqvksa us ' kh' k >qd k; k r Fkk ; Fkk LFkku cSB x; s A bu yksxksa esafczxsMh; j l kfgc Lo; a Hkh Fks A r Ri ' pkr dhr Zu i zkjEHk d j fn; k x; k A r c fczxsMh; j l kfgcvi us vki esa , d u; k i fjor Zu ns[ kd j vi us vki i j i z' u d j jgs Fks fd l Hkh / eks± d svuq; kf; ; ksa us vi uh&vi uh / kfeZd i qLr d sa ; gk¡ i j ykus esa fd l h Hkh i zd kj d h i gys l sd ksbZ r S; kjh ugha d h A u gh br us cM+s Lokxr l s vi uh / kfeZd i qLr d ; gk¡ yk; s gSa r Fkku br us cM+s i Sekus i j mud s l kFk J¼kyw gh gSa A vr % eSa d soy Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h r jQbl fy, vkd "V gqvk gw¡ A D; ksafd ; s yksx vi us xq# d k vFkkg l Eeku r Fkk vknj Hkkoj[ kr s gSa A bud s ân; esa vFkkg J¼k&HkfDr gS A okLr o esa / eZ uke gh J¼k HkfDr d k

{264}

gS A bl fy, bUgksaus eq>s vi uh r jQ vkd f"kZr d j fy; k gS A vr % esjk ' kh' k Jh xq# xzaFkl kfgc d h r jQ >qd x; k gS A bl ?kVuk d s i ' pkr ~ fczxsMh; j l kfgc us ?kks"k. kk d h fd ; fnbl ekuo l ekt esa fd l h xzaFk d k l Eeku gksr k gS r ks og Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d k gh gS AD; ksafd bl l s cM+d j nqfu; k d s nwl js yksx vi us fd l h Hkh i fo=k xzaFk d k l Eeku r Fkk vknju d j i k; s gSa u d j i k; saxs A

fot ; % bl ckr d ks r ks ekuuk gh i Ms+xk fd Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d s l Eeku d k vn~Hkqrfu; e gS A

v' kksd % og r ks Bhd gS A i jUr q vkt l s t ks xzaFk 375 o"kZ i woZ jpk x; k gS A ml esaLoHkkfod gS fd vkt d qN u d qN ewy xzaFk l s var j gks A D; ksafd , d &nwl js d h i kaMwfyfiesa r Fkk fi zfUVx i zSl ksa esa ckj&ckj Ni us i j d qN u d qN r ks vUr j vk gh t kr k gS A

vt hr % ; g vki d h ' kad k t gk¡ ns[ kus eas Bhd i zr hr gksr h gS A ogk¡ okLr o esa fuewZygS D; ksafd Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h jpuk d s ewy vfLr Ro d ks cuk; s j [ kus esa d qN r F; l keusvkr s gSa t ks bl ' kad k r Fkk Hkze d k l ek/ ku d j nsr s gSa D; ksafd Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. khd h ' kq¼r k d s fy, cgqr l h vkgqfr ; k¡ nh x; ha gSa A t c vkfn Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h jpukxq# vt qZu nso t h d jok pqd s Fks r ks mu fnuksa xq#nso d s bl xzaFk d h nwj&nwj r d i zfl f¼QSyh gqbZ Fkh A bl d s d kj . k xq#nso d s d Vq vkykspd ' ks[ k vgen l j fganh us xq#nso d sfo: ¼ ml l e; d s ' kkl d t gk¡xhj d s i kl pqxyh d j nh fd vt qZu nso us , d xzaFk r S; kjfd ; k gS ft l esa bLyke d s fo: ¼ ckr sa d gha xb± gSa A ; g l qur s gh og vkx ccwyk gks mBkAr Hkh , d , sfr gkfl d ?kVuk ?kfVr gqbZ A t gk¡xhj d k cM+k yM+d k [ kql jks ckxh gks x; k r Fkkml us v i us fi r k d s fo: ¼ cxkor d j nh A cki csVs esa ; q¼ gqvk A ft l esa [ kql j ksi jkft r gksd j vkxjs l s ykgkSj d h r jQ Hkkx [ kM+k gqvk A jkLr s esa og xq# vt Zqu nso dsnjckj esa n' kZuksa gsr q : dk r Fkk ml us xq#nso ds yaxj l s Hkkst u fd ; k A ; g l ekpkj Hkh xq#nsod s d Vq vkykspd ksa }kjk t gk¡xhj d s i kl i gq¡pk fn; k x; k fd vt Zqu nso us r sjs ckxh yM+d sd ks i ukg nh gS r Fkk ml d h l gk; r k d j jgs gSa A cl fQj D; k Fkk ! t gk¡xhj us vi us yM+d s[ kql jks dks i dM+d j gR; k d jokus ds i ' pkr ~ ykgkSj esa xq#nso dks vkfn xzaFk l fgr cqyk Hkst kAr c xq#nso vi us i k¡p i zeq[ k l sod ksa d h ns[ k&js[ k esa vkfn xzaFk* d ks l kFk ysd j ykgkSj i gq¡p

{265}

x; s A r c t gk¡xhj us xq#nso i j i z' u fd ; k fd r qeus esjs ckxh yM+d s d ks i ukg nh gS \bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us d gk gekjk LFkku] xq# ckcs ukud d k ?kj gS A ; g Qd hjksa d kLFkku gksus d s d kj . k l Hkh d s fy, [ kqyk gS A ; gk¡ fd l h d ks Hkh vkus d h i w. kZ Lor U=kr k gSAbl fy, [ kql jks ckxh Fkk ; k ugha A bl ckr d k gekjs l s d ksbZ l aca/ ugha gS A vc ml d knwl jk i z' u Fkk fd vki us t ks xzaFk jpk gS A ml esa bLyke d h r kSghu gS A mÙkj esa xq#nsous d gk i zR; {k d ks i zek. k d h vko' ; d r k ugha gksr h xzaFk t kapk t k l d r k gS A r c t gk¡xhjckn' kkg us i ksFkh l kfgc d h ok. kh i <+okd j l quh A r c i zFke ckj ; g jpuk ml l e; i <+usd ks feyh µ

[ kkd uwj d j na vkye nqfuvkb AA

vl eku ft eh nj [ kr vkc i Snkbfl [ kqnkb AAûAA vad % ÷üý

; g gqDeukek@okD; t gk¡xhj d ks cgqr vPNk yxk i jUr q ' ks[ k vgen l j fganh d ksvi uh ckt +h gkj r h gqbZ vuqHko gqbZ vkSj og d gus yxk fd bl d yke d ks bu yksxksa usfu' kkuh yxk d j j [ kk gqvk gS bl fy, ml h LFkku l s i <+k gS A vr % fd l h nwl j s LFkku l si <+d j ns[ kk t k, A bl i j t gk¡xhj us vi us gkFkksa l s d qN i "B i yV d j nqckjk i <+us d kvkns' k fn; k A

bl ckj Hkh t ks gqDe vk; k og bl r jg gS µ

vofy vyg uwj mi kbvk d qnj fr d s l Hk cans AA

, d uwj r s l Hkq t xq mi ft vk d ks Hkys d mu eans AA vad ûýþù

bl ' kCn d ks Jo. k d j t gk¡xhj i zl Uu gks x; k A i jUr q nq"V t q.Myh us nqckjk d gfn; k fd ; g d yke Hkh bu yksxksa us d . BLFk fd ; k ekywe i M+r k gS A bl fy, fd l h , sl s(vkneh) O; fDr d ks cqykvks t ks xqjeq[ kh v{kjksa d k Kku j [ kr k gks] r kfd ml l s bl d yked s ckjs Bhd i r k yx l d s A

{266}

r c , d xSj&fl [ k O; fDr (vkneh) d ks cqyk; k x; k t ks fd xqjeq[ kh i <+uk t kur k FkkAml d ks (xq#) xzaFk l kfgc esa l s i kB i <+us d k vkns' k fn; k x; k A ml O; fDr us t c (xq#)xzaFk l kfgc l s i kB i <+uk ' kq: fd ; k A ; g fuEufyf[ kr gqDeukek (okd ) vk; k µ

fcl j xbZ l Hk r kfr i j kbZ t c r s l k/ l axfr eksfg i kbZ AA

vad % ûüùù

bl gqDeukes d ks l qud j t gk¡xhj i q.kZr % l ar q"V gks x; k fdUr q t q.Myh d s yksx i jkt ;ekuus d ks r S; kj ugha Fks A mUgksaus d gk Bhd gS i jUr q bl xzaFk esa gt +jr eqgEen l kfgc r FkkbLyke d h r kjhQ fy[ kuh gksxh A bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso t h us d gk fd bl xazFk esal kEi znkf; d fuj i s{kr k r Fkk l ekur k d ks vk/ kj ekur s gq, bykok fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k d hi z' kal k ugha fy[ kh t k l d r h r Fkk uk gh fd l h fo' ks"k l ei znk; d h Lr qfr fy[ kh t k l d r hgS A bl xzaFk esa d soy fujkd kj i j ekRek d h gh Lr qfr d h xbZ gS A t gk¡xhj us t c ; gmÙkj l quk r ks og ' kkUr gks x; k A i jUr q ' ks[ k vgen l j fganh r Fkk ' ks[ k Qjhn cq[ kkjh t ksfdi gys l s vkx ccwys gq, cSBs Fks A mud k d guk Fkk fd ; g r ks ckn' kkg d h r kSghu gS vkSj(xq#) vjt u d h ckr ksa l s cxkor d h cw vkr h gS A bl fy, bl d ks ekQ ugha d juk pkfg, Abl i zd kj pki ywl ksa d s pqaxy esa Qal d j ckn' kkg Hkh xq#nso i j ncko Mkyus yxk fd mud ksml (xq#) xazFk ( l kfgc) esa gt +j r eqgEen l kfgc vkSj bLyke d h r kjhQ esa t +: j d qNfy[ kuk pkfg, A xq#nso us bl i j vi uh vl eFkZr k n' kkZr s gq, Li "V bad kj d j fn; k A clfQj D; k Fkk A nq"Vksa d ks vol j fey x; k A mUgksaus ckn' kkg d ks foo' k fd ; k fd (xq#)vj t u ckxh gS t ksfd ckn' kkg d h gqDe vnwyh , oa xqLr k[ kh d j ml d h NksVh l h ckr d ksHkh Lohd kj d jus d ks r S; kj ugha bl fy, ml d ks eR; q n.M fn; k t kuk gh mfpr gS A

bl r jg ckn' kkg us (xq# t h) i j , d yk[ k : i ; s n.M dk vkns' k fn; k vkSj og Lo; aogk¡ l s i zLFkku d j fl a/ {ks=k d h vksj pyk x; k A D; ksafd og t kur k Fkk fd pki ywl ksa usml l s xyr vkns' k fnyok; k gS A ckn' kkg d s pys t kus d s i ' pkr ~ nq"Vksa us ykgkSj d s xouZjeqr Zt k [ kku l s ek¡x d h fd og (xq#) vj t u l s n. M d h jkf' k ol wy d js A xq#nso t h usn.M d k Hkqxr ku d jus l s Li "V bad kj d j fn; k D; ksafd t c d ksbZ vi jk/ fd ; k gh ugha r ks

{267}

n.M D; ksa Hkjk t k, \ ykgkSj d h l axr esa l s d qN / uh fl D[ kksa us n.M d h jkf' k vnk d juhpkgh fd Ur q xq#nso us fl D[ kksa d ks euk d j fn; k vkSj d gk l axr d k / u fut h d keksa i ji z; ksx d juk vi jk/ gS A vkRe l qj {kk vFkok O; fDr xr LokFkZ d s fy, l axr d s / u d knq: i ; ksx d juk mfpr ugha gS A

xq#nso t h us ml h l e; l kFk esa vk, gq, fl [ k l sod ksa d ks vkns' k fn; k fd os vkfnJh xq# xzaFk l kfgc* d s Lo: i d h l sok&l EHkky d j r s gq, ver l j oki l ykSV t k, a Axq#nso d ks vuqHko gks x; k Fkk fd nq"V t q. Myh d s yksx] vkfn Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. khesa feykoV d jok d j i jes' oj d h efgek dks l ekIr d jus d h d ksf' k' k t +: j d jsaxs] D; ksafdmudks bLykeh i zpkj esa yksd fi z; ok.kh ck/ d i zr hr gksr h Fkh A okLr o esa os yksx ugha pkgr sFks fd t u l k/ kj . k d h Hkk"kk esa vkè; kfRed Kku ck¡Vk t k, D; ksafd mud h r Fkkd fFkri hjh&Qd hjh (xq# Mae) d h nqd ku d h i ksy [ kqy jgh Fkh A

nsousr gh nq"V yksx vi us "kM~; U=k esa l Qy ugha gq, _ oSl s vi uh vksj l s mUgksaus d ksbZd ksj d l j ckd h ugha NksM+h Fkh A bl fy, fd l h u; s d kaM l s i gys (xq#) xzaFk l kfgc d sLo: i d ks l qj f{kr LFkku i j i gq¡pk nsuk t : jh Fkk A

ykgkSj d k xouZj eqjr t +k [ kku xq#nso t h ds t hou pfj=k l s cgqr i zHkkfor Fkk A vr %og d qN fu. kZ; ys ugha i k jgk Fkk A r Hkh pUnw nhoku us ml d h l eL; k gy d j nh fd eSa; g jkf' k t ek d j nw¡xk A c' kr s± fd xq#nso d ks esjs gokys d j nsa A eSa l kspwxka fd eSaus ; gjkf' k vi uh csVh d s ngst esa nh gS A pUnw xq# t h d ks ?kj ys t kd j et cwj d jus yxk fdesjh yM+d h d k fj ' r k vi us yM+d s d s fy, Lohd kj d j ysa A i jUr q xq#nso t h ugha ekus Abl i j xq#nso t h d ks ykgkSj d s ' kkgh fd ys esa yk; k x; k r Fkk ogk¡ i j ' ks[ k vgen d s vkns' kd s vuql kj d kt +h us mud ks bLyke Lohd kj d jus d ks d gk A ugha r ks ' kjgk d kuwu d svUr xZr eR; q n. M fn; k t k, xk A i jUr q xq# t h us d gk eq>s n. M Lohd kj gS A eSa bluk' koku ' kjhj d k eksg ugha d j r k A eSa vi us fo' okl i j n<+ r Fkk vfMx gw¡ A r c d kt +hd s vkns' k d s vuql kj xk; d h r kt +h [ kky e¡xokbZ xbZ A bl l s i gys fd og i gq¡ps xq#nsot h d ks ; kr uk, ¡ nsuk i zkjEHk d j nh x; ha A okLr o esa mud k mn~ns' ; xq#nso t h d ks Mjk&/ ed kd j bLyke Lohd kj d jkuk Fkk A i jUr q xq#nso t h fopfyr ugha gq, A

{268}

i gys mud ks / wi l s gq, xeZ yksgs d h pknj i j fcBk fn; k x; k A mu fnuksa t wu d keghuk Fkk] vr % l [ r xehZ i M+ jgh Fkh A i jUr q xq#nso ml i j , sl s fojkt s t Sl s fd l h d kyhui j cSBs gks A t c eql yeku l wQh Qd hj l kb± fe; k ehj t h d ks l wpuk feyh fd xq# vt qZunso d ks bl Hkh"k. k xehZ esa xeZ yksgs i j d "V fn; s t k jgs gSa r ks og r qjUr xq#nso d s l Eeq[ kmi fLFkr gq, r Fkk four h d jus yxs fd gs xq#nso ! vki r ks l Ei w. kZ d ykvksa esa l keF; Z gSa]l jc ' kfDr eku gSa A fQj ; g mi nzo vki D; ksa l gu d j j gs gSa A bl i j xq#nso t h usmÙkj fn; k & eSa bl l c d k; Z esa Hkh i zd fr d k [ ksy ns[ k jgk gw¡ A vr % eSa ml i zHkq d s gqDeesa [ kq' k gw¡A bl d s l kFk gh mud s ' kh' k i j / wi l s xeZ jsr Mkyh xbZ A ft l l s xq#nso t h d ksud l hj QwV i M+h r Fkk og csl q/ gks x; s D; ksafd og jkr Hkj l s Hkw[ ks I; kl s Fks A t c nq"Vksaus ns[ kk fd ' kjgh d kuwu (; kl k) d s vUr xZr r ks [ kwu ugha cguk pkfg, r ks mUgksaus xq# t hd ks gks' k esa ykus d s fy, i kuh esa Mky fn; k A i jUr q mu d h csgks' kh u VwVh A bl i jmUgksaus ml Vc d ks mcky fn; k A mud k fopkj Fkk fd xeZ i kuh d s l sd l s gks' k vk, xh]i jUr q bl i zd kj xq#nso t h d k nsgkUr gks x; k A r c nq"Vksa us mud s ' ko d ks jkoh unh esacgk fn; k r Fkk vQokg mM+kbZ fd xq#nso t h us Luku d jus d h bPNk i zd V d h Fkh A Lukud jus i j og ogk¡ l s ugha ykSVs A nwl jh vQokg mM+kbZ fd xq#nso t h d h eR; q d s i hNs pUnwd h ?kjsyw ' k=kqr k gS A mUgksaus r qt d s&t gk¡xhjh uked i qLr d esa vi uh r jQ l s fuEufyf[ krbCckj r fy[ k Mkyh A ft l l s t ul k/ kj . k Hkze esa i M+ x; k A

xksbanoky eas] O; kl unh------ ; kr uk, ¡ nsd j gR; k d j nh t k, A

jRu % gk¡ A vi uh ; qfuV esa r ks bl fnu d ks d Pph yLl h d h Nchy yxkd j [ kwceukr s gSa A

vt hr % l Hkh HkDr t uksa d ks ml i zHkq d k gqDe ekuus d s fy, d Pph yLl h fi ykbZt kr h gS A ft l l s mud h ' kghnh i j d ksbZ fo?u u Mkys A

fot ; % r ks xq#nso us xzaFk l kfgc esa fd l h Hkh i zd kj d s i fjor Zu d jus d ks u Lohd kjd s fy, vi us i zk. kksa d h vkgqfr ns nh A D; k bl d s vfr fjDr Hkh , sl h d ksbZ d Fkk gS t ks xzaFkl kfgc d h ok. kh d h ' kq¼r k r Fkk v[ kaMr k cuk; s j [ kus d s fy, i zfl ¼ gks \

{269}

vt hr % gk¡ , d cgqr cM+h , sfr gkfl d ?kVuk bl ds ckn esa ?kVh A t c ckn' kkg ' kkgt gk¡fcekj gks x; k r ks ml us v i us cM+s yM+d s nkjk f' kd ksg d ks xn~nh i j cSBk fn; k A i jUr qvkSjaxt sc us vi us nwl js nksuksa HkkbZ; ksa d ks HkM+d k d j vi us l kFk feyk fy; k fd nkjk f' kd ksgd kfQj gS A bl d s jgr s bLyke [ kr js esa gS A eSa d soy bLyke d h l sok d juk pkgr k gw¡Aeq>s fd l h i zd kj d s ' kkl u d k d ksbZ ykyp ugha gS A eSa r qe d ks xn~nh nsd j Lo; a bcknrd s fy, gt d jus pyk t kÅ¡xk A os yksx ml d h ckr ksa esa vk x, A ft l l s bud h l sukus l wQh fopkjksa okys nkjk f' kd ksg d ks i jkft r d j fn; k A i jkft r gksd j nkjk f' kd ksg l kr osaxq# gfj jk; s t h d s i kl i gq¡pk A xq#nso nkjk f' kd ksg d s l wQh fopkjksa l s vfr i zl Uu gq, Abl fy, mUgksaus nkjk f' kd ksg d ks ojnku ek¡xus d ks d gk A bl i j nkjk f' kd ksg us xq#nso l si zkFkZuk d h fd eq>s vc fd l h i zd kj d h r ". kk ugha gS A bl i j xq#nso us d gk & vxjr qe pkgks r ks r sjs d ks r sjk jkT; oki l fnyok l d r s gSa A bl i j nkjk f' kd ksg us d gk & vcr ks eq>s bl l kal kfjd jkT; d h bPNk gh ugha gS A ; fn vki eq> i j d i kyq gq, gSa r ks eq>sl Pps jkT; fl agkl u i j cSBkbZ; s A bl i j xq#nso us ml d h bPNk d k gh ojnku ns fn; k Abl d s i ' pkr ~ og ykSgj pyk x; k A vkSjaxt s+c us nkjk f' kd ksg d k i hNk fd ; k r Fkk ml d ksi d M+d j fnYyh pk¡nuh pkSd esa bZn okys fnu , d f=kr HkhM+ d s l keus d Ry d jok fn; k Avc ml d k d ksbZ cM+k ' k=kq ckd h u cpk Fkk l ks ml us vi uh l suk; sa xq# gfj jk; s t h d ks i d M+eaxkus d s fy, Hkst ha fd bUgksaus esjs HkkbZ d ks i ukg nh Fkh A i jUr q vkSjaxt +sc d h l suk; sa jkLr sesa gSt +s d s d kj . k ogk¡ ugha i gq¡p i k; ha A vf/ d ka' k l Sfud gSt +s d s d kj . k jkLr s esa gh ej x; sAbl ?kVuk d s ckn vkSjaxt +sc us d qN fnu i ' pkr ~ fQj l s l suk Hkst h fd xq#nso d ks i d M+ykvks A i jUr q ml d h ; g d ksf' k' k Hkh ukd ke jgh A bl ckj vkSajxt +sc d h l suk esa nks xqVgks x; s A ft l l s nksuksa xqVksa esa Hk; ad j ; q¼ gqvk A bl ; q¼ eas cgqr l s ; ks¼k ogha [ ksr jgsAl ks ckd h l suk fQj oki l ykSV xbZ A r hl jk ckj ck<+ d s d kj . k d bZ l Sfud og x; s vr %l suk oki l ykSV xbZ A ; g ns[ kd j fd esjh l suk d hjr i qj r d i gq¡pus esa vl Qy jgr h gSvkSjaxt s+c us uhfr esa i fjor Zu fd ; k A r c ml us , d pki ywl hi w. kZ i =k xq#nso d ks fy[ kokd j Hkst k fd vki gekjs Hkh xq# gSa D; ksafd vki d s ct qxks± us gekjs ct qxks± d ks l kr ckn' kkgh; k¡c[ ' kh gSa A l ks eSa vki d s n' kZu d juk pkgr k gw¡ A bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us fnYyh vkus l sl kQ bad kj d j fn; k r Fkk fy[ kk fd r qe eDd kj gks bl fy, ge r sj s t Sl s >wBs] cbZeku]

{270}

Qjsch d s xq# d Hkh Hkh ugha cur s A r c vkSjaxt s+c us xq#nso d ks fy[ kk & vki us r ks nkjkf' kd ksg d ks jkt xn~nh feyus d k ojnku fn; k gS l ks og >wBk gqvk A D; ksafd eSaus ml d hgR; k d jok nh gS A bl d s mÙkj esa xq#nso us fy[ kk & geus r ks nkjk f' kd ksg d ks d gk Fkkfd ge r qEgsa fnYyh d h l yr ur fnyokr s gSa A i jUr q og bl d k bPNqd gh ugha Fkk A ml usr ks bl d s cnys l R; r Fkk vVy ' kkl u ekaxk Fkk l ks geus ml s ns fn; k gS A ; fn r qEgsa blckr i j ' kad k gks r ks r qe jkr d ks l ksr s l e; nkjk f' kd ksg d k eu esa è; ku d jd s l ks t kvksr ks r qEgsa ge ml d k vVy ' kkl u Hkh fn[ kk nsaxs A ; g i =k feyr s gh vkSajxt s+c us xq#nso d sl q>ko d s vuql kj jkr l ksr s l e; eu esa nkjk f' kd ksg d k è; ku fd ; k r Fkk l ks x; k A ml d ksl i us esa fn[ kkbZ fn; k fd , d vn~Hkqr jkt njckj yxk gqvk gS ft l d s fl agkl u i j nkjkf' kd ksg fcjkt eku gS r Fkk pkjksa r jQ nkjk f' kd ksg d s HkO; Lokxr ds fy, ml ds jkt njckjhvnHkqr i ks' kkd ksa esa r S; kj [ kM+s gSa A r Hkh ml d k è; ku vi uh r jQ t kr k gS r ks D; k ns[ kr kgS fd eSa Lo; a Hkaxh d s d i M+s i gus gw¡ r Fkk esjs gkFk esa >kî -w gS A r Hkh ogk¡ i j [ kM+k l ar jhbl Hkaxh d ks ykr sa ekjr k gS r Fkk d gr k gS & ns[ kr k ugha csod qQ A egkjkt nkjk f' kd ksgd k njckj l t pqd k gS vkSj r w vHkh >kî -w yxk jgk gS A r Hkh vkSjaxt +sc d h uhan VwV xbZr Fkk og d ej esa i M+h ykr d h i hM+k d k vuqHko d jus yxk A bl l i us d ks ns[ kd jvkSjaxt +sc d ks xq# gfj jk; s l kfgc i j cgqr Øks/ vkr k gS r Fkk og Hkk¡fr &Hkk¡fr d h pkysal kspus yxr k gS A bl d s i ' pkr ~ Hkh vkSjaxt +sc ugha ekuk A ml us ' kkl u d s u' ks esa xq#nsol s cgqr l s Qjsci w. kZ i =k fy[ ks A ft l d kj . k xq#nso t h us vi us cM+s yM+d s j ke jk; s d ksfnYyh vkSjaxt s+c d k vfHkeku r ksM+us d s fy, Hkst fn; k A t c jke jk; d hjr i qj l s fnYyhd s fy, pyus yxs r ks xq#nso l s mUgksaus i zkFkZuk d h fd gs xq#nso eq> esa d ksbZ fo' ks"k cy ughagS A vr % eSa fd l i zd kj vkSjaxt +sc d k vfHkeku r ksî -wxk r ks xq#nso us mud ks ojnku fn; kfd t ks Hkh r sjh ft àk l s ' kCn fud ysxk A xq# ukud d h d i k }kjk og l R; gh gksxk A

cl fQj D; k Fkk A jke jk; s t h us bl ckr d h i jh{kk ysus d s fy, fcuk t qr h cSyhxkM+h d ks vkns' k ns fn; k fd r qe py i M+ks A xkM+h ml h {k. k py i M+h A r Hkh xq# gfj j k; st h us jke jk; s d ks l ko/ ku fd ; k fd fcuk t +: j r fd l h i zd kj d h Hkh vkfRed ' kfDr d ki z; ksx ugha d juk pkfg, A

{271}

d qN gh fnuksa esa jke j k; s t h fnYyh i gq¡p x; s A ogk¡ vkSjaxt +sc i gys l s gh mud ksvkt +ekus d s fopkj l s r S; kj cSBk Fkk A jke jk; s d s ogk¡ i gq¡pus i j vkSjaxt +sc us mud ks d M+hi jh{kk esa Mky fn; k A i jUr q jke jk; s us vi uh vykSfd d ' kfDr d s peRd kj fn[ kkd j ml svpEHks esa Mky fn; k A bl i zd kj jkejk; s t h us 72 vykSfd d peRd kj fn[ kk, A

i jUr q ; g l c vykSfd d d fj ' es vkSjaxt +sc d s njckj esa , d enkjh d s [ ksy cu d jjg x; s A D; ksafd jke jk; s t h vykSfd d ' kfDr d k nq: i ; ksx d jus yxs Fks r Fkk og vi usy{; l s HkVd x; s Fks A bl i zd kj vkSjaxt s+c d s , d njckjh us jke jk; s t h i j i z' u fd ; kfd t c r qe d gr s gks fd (xq#) xzaFk l kfgc fuj i s{k gS r ks ml esa bLyke vFkok eqLyekuksad h fuank D; ksa gS \ mnkgj . k d s fy, xq# ukud nso t h d k d Fku gS µ

feV~Vh eql yeku d h i sM+S i bZ d qfevkj AA

?kfM+ HkkaMs bZVka d hvk t ynh d j s i qd kj AA

i "B ùöö

vFkZ µ d soy eql yeku d h feV~Vh gh t ks d cj esa gksr h gS A ml feV~Vh d s cr Zud qEgkj }kjk cukd j vkx esa t yk t yk d j r i k; s t kr s gSa A t cfd eql yekuksa d s fo/ kud s eqr kfcd eqnsZ d ks t yk, t kus d h l wj r esa ml d h csvnch gksr h gS A

okLr o esa bl ' yksd d k l h/ k r Fkk l Ppk mÙkj Fkk fd gs nqfu; k okyksa ! fd l h Hkze esaer i M+ks fd fgUnq d s ' ko d ks t ykus l s eks{k gS ; k eql yeku d s ' ko d ks t ykus l s nkst d AcfYd nksuksa d h feV~Vh t yr h gS A fgUnq d s ejus i j r qjUr r Hkh r Fkk eql yeku d s nQukusd s cgqr fnu i ' pkr ~ ml d h dcj d h feV~Vh fpd uh gksus ds dkj. k d qEgkj cr Zu cukus d sfy, ys t kr s gSa A gs l al kjokfl ; ksa ! i zHkq i zkfIr bu ckr ksa i j fuHkZj u gkssd j ' kqHk t hou t husesa gh gS A l cd k , d y{; gksuk pkfg, i zHkq i zkfIr A

i jUr q jke jk; s t h us vkSjaxt s+c d h pki ywl h d jus ds fy, d soy ; g dgd j ml s [ kq' kd juk pkgk fd ; g i afDr xyr gS A okLr o esa feV~Vh eql yeku d h ugha dgk x; k] feV~VhcsbZeku d h d gk x; k gS A

{272}

cl fQj D; k Fkk A fnYyh d s J¼kyq f' k"; ksa us xq# gfj jk; l kfgc d ks i =k fy[ kk fdjkejk; vkSjaxt +sc d h pki ywl h d jus yx x; k gS r Fkk ml s ; g Hkh è; ku ugha jgk fd og D; kd j jgk gS A ml us ; gk¡ r d fd vkfn xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh r d d ks xyr cr kd j ml s[ kf.Mr d jus d k vl Qy i z; kl fd ; k gS A

; g i =k feyr s gh xq#nso us jke jk; s d ks n.M : i eas , d i =k fy[ kk fd r qeus vkSjaxt +scd ks d soy [ kq' k d jus d s fy, t kucw> d j xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh d k Hkkjh vi eku fd ; k gSAvr % r qe eq>s vc v i uk eq¡g u fn[ kkuk A

; g i =k i zkIr d j r s gh j ke j k; s t h cgqr i ' pkr ki d jus yxs A bl d s i ' pkr ~~vkSjaxt +sc }kjk nku esa nh xbZ Hkwfe esa mUgksaus vi uk fuokl LFkku cuk fy; k ft l l s ml LFkkud k uke Msjk i M+ x; k A ckn esa vaxzst +ksa }kjk ml LFkku d ks nks ?kkfV; ksa d s chp d s LFkku i jgksus i j nwu* ' kCn vkSj l kFk esa t ksM+ fn; k x; k t ks fcxM+d j nsgjknwu uke l s i zfl ¼ gqvk Avkt ; gk¡ >aMs okys eksgYys esa gj o"kZ j ke jk; s d h ; kn esa mRl o euk; k t kr k gS A

bl n"Vkar d ks l quus i j l Hkh fe=k vkxs pyus d s fy, mB [ kM+s gq, r Fkk vejukFk t hd h i fo=k xqQk d h r jQ py i M+s A vc vkxs d k jkLr k d qN vf/ d l ad jk Fkk A l ks ; gyksx , d d s i hNs , d gksd j pyus yxs A d qN gh nwj ; gh i xMUMh i gkM+h d s uhps mr jusyxh A D; ksafd , d ukyk i kj d juk Fkk A okLr o esa ; gh ukyk vejukFk t h d h xqQk d si kl l s xqt j d j vk jgk Fkk A vc t Ynh gh l Hkh fe=k i gkM+h d s uhps mr j vk; s r Fkk ukyki kj d j d s fQj l s i gkM+h d s ml r jQ i gkM+ i j p<+us yxs A i gkM+h i j p<+r s gh cgqr l sJ¼kyqvksa d h HkhM+ vkr h gqbZ fn[ kkbZ nsus yxh A okLr o eas ; g yksx i gyxke l s gksr s gq,nwl js jkLr s l s n' kZuksa gsr q vk jgs Fks A d qN i f' peh ns' kksa d s yksx ft uesa vf/ d ka' k fgIi h yksxgh Fks] fn[ kkbZ i M+us yxs A vc fnu d s 10 ct s d k l e; gks x; k Fkk l ks vf/ d HkhM+ d sd kj . k vc , d esyk l k i zr hr gks jgk Fkk A yxHkx , d fd yksehVj vkxs nks i gkfM+; ksa d schp esa pyus i j bu nksuksa i gkfM+; ksa d h vki l h nwjh vf/ d gks xbZ Fkh r Fkk vc i gkfM+; ksa d schp eas vPNk LoPN eSnku i zkjEHk gks jgk Fkk A d qN yksx ukys d s t y esa J¼k l s Lukud j jgs Fks t cfd i kuh d s r ki eku r Fkk cQZ d s r ki eku esa d ksbZ [ kkl vUr j ugha Fkk Ad qN gh vkxs cgqr l s r Ecw yxs gq, Fks A d qN , d esa l jd kjh d eZpkjh r Fkk d qN , d esa

{273}

O; ki kjh yksxksa us nqd kusa yxk j [ kha Fkha A i jUr q bul s d qN gh nwj gV d j d qN HkDr t uksa }kjkl Hkh ; kf=k; ksa d s fy, i wjh Nksys d s HkaMkjs d k vk; kst u fd ; k x; k Fkk A t Sl s gh ; g fe=ke. Myh ogk¡ i j i gq¡ph r ks ogk¡ d s l soknkjksa us cM+s fouez Hkko l s i zkFkZuk d h fd vki i zl kn: i esa vo' ; gh Hkkst u d jsa A

Hkkst u d jd s l Hkh vkxs c<+us yxs A r Hkh ogk¡ d s O; ki kfj ; ksa l s Qwy ekyk; sa r Fkk d qNvU; l kexzh [ kjhnh A t ks HkasV p<+kbZ t k l d s A l keus gh eafnj d ks l hf<+; k¡ t k jgh Fkh Ai jUr q mu i j HkDr ksa d h vFkkg HkhM+ fn[ kkbZ ns jgh Fkh r Fkk i qfyl }kjk fu; a=k. k fd ; k t kjgk Fkk A l Hkh fe=kx. k HkhM+ d k vuqeku yxkus yxs fd ; fn ge d r kjksa esa [ kMs+ gks t kr sgSa r ks ckjh d c vk; sxh \ bl fy, t ks J¼kyq f' kofyax d s n' kZu d j d s ykSV jgs Fks mul si wNk x; k fd vki d ks d r kjksa esa fd r uk l e; yxk r ks mUgksaus cr k; k fd yxHkx r hu ?kaVs[ kM+s jgus i j ckjh vkbZ gS A bl i j nwl jk i z' u i wNk x; k fd D; k vki us f' kofyax d s n' kZufd ; s r ks mÙkj Fkk fd bl o"kZ cQZ d k fyax r S; kj gh ugha gqvk D; ksafd bl o"kZ ekSl e cgqrgh l kQ jgk gS A vr % l nhZ d e jgh gS A vc r hl jk i z' u Fkk fd t c vki d r kjksa esa[ kM+s ckjh vkus d h i zr h{kk d j jgs Fks r ks D; k ml l e; Hkh br uh gh HkhM+ Fkh A mÙkj Fkk ughaAml l e; cgqr gh l qcg d k l e; Fkk l ks J¼kyw d e gh Fks A vc vuqeku yxk; k x; k fd; fn d r kjksa esa [ kM+s gksr s gSa r ks yxHkx pkj ?kaVs i zr h{kk d juh i M+r h gS A vU; Fkk oki l h esa cgqrnsj gks t k; sxh r Fkk jkr gksus d k Mj gS A oSl s pk¡nuh jkr Fkh A i jUr q ckd h l kFkh i zr h{kkd j r s jgsaxs A vc fopkj i zkjEHk gqvk fd D; k fd ; k t k, A l ks vt hr d s d gus i j fdvki yksx n' kZu d jks eSa r ks ; gha i j d soy Luku d jd s gh vi us d ks / U; eku yw¡xk D; ksafdeq>l s br uh yEch d r kjksa esa br us yEcs l e; r d [ kM+k ugha jgk t k; sxk A bl r jg Jo. kfl a?k r Fkk vt hr fl a?k Luku d h r S; kjh esa t qV x; s r Fkk v' kksd ] fot ; r Fkk jRu ; g r huksavi us&vi us >ksys bUgha d ks Fkekd j d r kjksa esa n' kZuksa gsr q [ kM+s gks x; s A vc Jo. k fl a?k r Fkkvt hr us , d l qUnj je. kh; LFkku ns[ k ogk¡ l keku j [ kk r Fkk Luku fd ; k A bl d s i ' pkr ~~esys eas ?kwed j eu cgykus yxs A cgqr yECkh i zr h{kk d s i ' pkr ~~ r huksa fe=k n' kZu d jd s ykSVvk; s i jUr q r huksa d ksbZ fo' ks"k i zl Uu ugha Fks ; k r ks ; s yEch d r kjksa l s Fkd s gq, Fks ; k i afMr ksad s O; ogkj l s vl ar q"V Fks A [ kSj--- ; g VwVs gq, eu l s vk feys vkSj t Ynh oki l pyus d kvkxzg d jus yxs A vc vt hr l s u jgk x; k A ml us i z' u fd ; k D; k ckr gS \ HkkbZ

{274}

yksxksa r qEgkjs psgjksa i j vc fujk' kk l h fn[ k jgh gS og l qcg okyk mRl kg d gha fn[ kkbZ ghugha nsr k \ bl i j fot ; us mÙkj fn; k & , sl h r ks d ksbZ ckr ugha gS A cl r qe yksx gekjsl s vPNs gh jgs gks A D; ksafd r qe yksxksa d ks yEch&yEch d r kjksa esa ?kaVksa [ kM+s gksuk t ks ughai M+k r Fkk r qe yksxksa us Luku d s l kFk&l kFk l Sj d jus d k Hkh [ kwc vkuUn t ks i zkIr fd ; k gSAcl l Hkh fe=k ykSVus d h t Ynh d jus yxs r Fkk yEcs&yEcs d ne mBkus yxs A okLr o esal w; Z vLr gksus esa vc vf/ d l e; ugha Fkk A vr % t Ynh&t Ynh oki l l e; i j i gq¡pkt k; s] l cd k ; gh fopkj Fkk A vc bl r jQ l s oki l ykSVr s gq, <yku Fkh l ks vki l esa vkxsc<+us d h gksM+ yx xbZ A bl ckj yxHkx Ms<+ ?kaVs d s Hkhr j gh okyVky oki l i gq¡p x; s Aogk¡ i j l Hkh us foJke fd ; k r Fkk pk; d h [ kkst d jus yxs i jUr q ogk¡ i j nks , d nwd kuksad s vfr fjDr d qN Fkk gh ugha A bu nqd kuksa i j Hkh HkhM+ vf/ d gksus d s d kj . k d gha Hkhckjh vkus d h vk' kk ugha Fkh A r Hkh ekywe gqvk fd l hek l qj {kk cy }kjk l Hkh ; kf=k; ksa d kspk; r Fkk Hkkst u yaxj : i esa l sok gsr w fn; k t k jgk gS A r c l Hkh fe=k e.Myh us pk; r FkkHkkst u fd ; k ft l l s l Hkh vi us esa r kt +xh vuqHko d jus yxs A

fot ; % ; g f' kofyax t ks ; gk¡ cur k gS A D; k ; g i zd fr d k vn~Hkqr d fj ' ek gS ; kbl esa Hkh d ksbZ jgL; fNi k gqvk gS \

v' kksd % bl esa r ks eq>s fcYd qy l k/ kj . k l h ckr gh fn[ kkbZ nh gS A bl fyax cuusd h fof/ d h r qyuk ge , d cM+h eksecÙkh d ks t ykd j ml d ks d qN Å¡pkbZ l s Vs<+k d jd sfi ?kys gq, ekse d h cwUnkckUnh (dropping) d jd s ns[ k l d r s gSa A og fi ?kyk gqvk ekseuhps fxj r s gh t eus yxr k gS A / hjs&/ hjs ekse i j ekse fxjd j t eus l s , d fyax d svkd kj d h oLr q cu t kr h gS A cl ; gh ckr ; gk¡ i j ykxw gksr h gS A i gkM+h d s Åi j l sfxjus okys i kuh d k r ki eku uhps vkr s br uk d e gks t kr k gS fd og t e t kr k gS r ks/ hjs&/ hjs fyax d k fuekZ. k gksr k gS A oSl s r qe vuqeku yxk gh l d r s gks fd ; gk¡ xehZ d sekSl e esa Hkh br uh T; knk B. M gksr h gS r ks l fnZ; ksa esa fd r uh l nhZ gksr h gksxh \

vt hr % l nhZ d s fnuksa esa eSaus t okgj Vuy esa d bZ LFkkuksa i j ykos d s : i esa i kuh d ksNksVs&NksVs l wjk[ kksa l s ckgj fud yr s ns[ kk gS A d bZ LFkkuksa i j r ks t gk¡ i kuh d ks fd l h i kbZi; k fd l h vU; oLr q d k l gkjk feyk gksr k gs r ks ogk¡ i j i kuh fyax : i Hkh / kj . k fd ; k gqvk

{275}

ns[ kk gS A okLr o esa i gkM+h l s ckgj fud yus i j ckgj d k r ki eku ' kwU; l s Hkh d e gksus d sd kj . k i kuh t eus yx t kr k gS D; ksafd d ksbZ Hkh l qjax gok d ks vi us Hkhr j [ khapr h gS ft l l sr ki eku l k/ kj . k l s d gha d e gks t kr k gS A

vc l Hkh vi uh xkM+h dh [ kkst esa py i Ms+ A yxHkx , d fdyksehVj vkxs cM+h xkfM+; ksad s [ kM+s gksus d s LFkku i j xkM+h i zfr {kk d j r h gqbZ feyh A ckd h yksx i gys gh i gq¡p pqd sFks A l Hkh d s i gq¡pus i j xkM+h Jhuxj d s fy, py i M+h A yxHkx v/ Zjk=kh d s l e; xkM+hJhuxj i gq¡p xbZ A vc fopkj fd ; k x; k fd Jh uxj d s vkokxeu f' koj (trasit) esajkr fcr kbZ t k; s A ogk¡ i gq¡pus i j l Hkh us foJke fd ; k r Fkk l qcg ' kkSp&Luku l s fui Vd jd qN [ kjhnus d s fy, ' kgj ?kweus py i M+s A

Jo. k % ; gk]¡ Jhuxj esa xq# gjxksfcUn t h d k xq#}kjk gS A eSa ml d s n' kZu d jukpkgr k gw¡ A

vt hr % t c ge yksx ; gk¡ vk; s gq, gSa r ks ogk¡ i j Hkh pysaxs A

; g fopkj foe' kZ d jd s l Hkh n' kZuksa d s fy, vi uh xkM+h d ks ys pyus i j l ger gkst kr s gSa r Fkk n' kZuksa d s fy, i gq¡pr s gSa A vc l Hkh vi us&vi us t wr s r Fkk vi uh&vi uhonhZ l s cSYV mr kjd j fVd V ?kj esa t ek d jkr s gSa A

v' kksd % vt hr HkbZ; k eSaus t wr s r ks l Hkh t xg mr kjr s ns[ kk gS A i jUr q ; gk¡ l Hkh d kscSYV Hkh mr kjuh i M+ jgh gS A bl d k D; k d kj . k gS \

vt hr % okLr o esa ; gk¡ d soy fouezr k d s fy, cSYV mr kjh t k jgh gS A D; ksafd gevi us xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k fouez gksd j i zkFkZuk d j l d sa A t Sl k fd r qe t kur s gks fdpkt Z' khV i j l Hkh l Sfud ksa d h cSYV mr jok yh t kr h gS A bl ckr d k r kRi ; Z d soy vi usvi jk/ ksa d h {kek ; kpuk d jus l s gh gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj gekjk cSYV mr kjd j xq#nso d sl Eeq[ k mi fLFkr gksus d k vfHki zk; gS fd ge xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k vfr fouez gksd j mud hd i k d s i k=k cu l d sa A oSl s fl [ k fl ¼kar l Hkh l Sfud nf"Vd ks. k d ks en~nsut +j j [ kd jcuk; s x; s gSa A

{276}

jRu % ; kj r qe xq#}kjs d s HkkbZ t hs D; ksa ugha cu t kr s A r sjs bl Kku l s l cd ks ykHkgks t kr k \

vt hr % l PpkbZ r ks ; g gS A eSa vfr cq¼w gw¡ A Kku r ks eq>l s d ksl ksa nwj gS A okLr oesa t ks l Pps vFkks± esa fl [ k gSa A og eq>l s yk[ kksa xq. kk vf/ d Kku j [ kr s gSa A

jRu % D; k ft Ugas bu ckr ksa d k Kku ugha gS og l Pps fl [ k ugha gSa \

vt hr % fcYdqy l h/ h l h ckr gS A , d od hy dk csVk od hy ugha gks l d r k A , dMkDVj d k csVk ; k bat hfu; j d k csVk MkDVj ; k bat hfu; j ugha gks l d r k A gk¡ ; g r ks gksl d r k gS A ml okr koj . k esa jgus l s d qN ml fo"k; d k Kku vo' ; gks A ft l d k ml d seu i j i zHkko gksr k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj fl [ k d k csVk fl [ k ugha gksr k A cl ml d s eui j ml okr koj . k esa jgus l s i zHkko cuk jgr k gS A okLr o esa fl [ k ogh gksr k gS t ks MkDVj]od hy] bat hfu; j ; k fd l h vU; fMxzh d s ysus okys d h r jg fl [ k fQykl Qh d k vè; ; ud jr k gS r Fkk vè; ; u i wjk d jd s fl [ k cur k gS D; ksafd fl [ k i aFk d ksbZ va/ fo' okl ugha gSAl PpkbZ r ks ; g gS fd i wjs Kku fcuk t Sl s MkDVjh ; k od kyr v/ wjh gS A Bhd bl h i zd kji wjs vè; ; u fcuk fl D[ kh fcYd qy v/ wjh gh gS A

vc l Hkh d M+kg i zl kn ysd j xq#nso d s l Eeq[ k mi fLFkr gksd j i zkFkZuk d jr s gq, i zl knHkasV p<+kr s gSa r Fkk d hr Zu njckj esa ; Fkk LFkku cSBd j gfj ; ' k l quus yx t kr s gSa A i jUr qJo. k fl a?k Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h i kyd h i j poj d jus yx t kr k gS r Fkk d qN l e;i ' pkr ~~ og xzaFk l kfgc d k : eky mBkd j n' kZu d jus d h ps"Vk d jr k gS r Fkk ogk¡ l s gksr kgqvk nwl js d ejs esa pyk t kr k gS A t gk¡ Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d k nwl jk Lo: i vFkkZr nwl jhi zfr ; ka (l SUph; ka) l q' kksfHkr gks jgh Fkh A og ogk¡ i j Hkh cgqr fouezr k l s ' kh' k >qd kd j i qu%poj d jus yxr k gS r Fkk fQj xzaFk l kfgc d h : ekyk gVkd j n' kZu d jus d h ps"Vk d jusyxr k gS A ; g l c n' ; nwj cSBk vt hr ns[ kr k jgr k gS A t c l Hkh fe=k oki l ykSVr syxr s gSa r c l c xzaFk l kfgc dks ueLd kj d jr s gq, ' kh' k >qd kd j ykSV vkr s gSa A i jUr q Jo. kfl a?k gj LFkku r Fkk njokt s+ i j ' kh' k >qd kr k gqvk ykSVr k gS A ; g l c ns[ kd j vt hr Jo. kfl a?k l s i z' u i wNr k gSA

{277}

vt hr % Jo. k] eSa r sjs l s , d i z' u i wNuk pkgr k gw¡ & ge vi us vks-l h- d ks fnu esafd r uh ckj l ywV d j r s gSa \ D; k ckj&ckj l ywV d jus i j og cgqr [ kq' k gks t kr k gS \

Jo. k % eSa r sjs i z' u d k vFkZ l e> x; k gw¡ A r sjk ; g i z' u esjs ckj&ckj efLr d >qd kusr Fkk ueLd kj d jus d s fy, gS A i jUr q ckr ; g gS fd esjh J¼k gS r Fkk eSaus , sl k gh l h[ kkgS A

vt hr % eSa ekur k gw¡ fd r sjs ân; esa esjs l s d gha vf/ d vi kj J¼k gS A i jUr q gesayd hj d k Qd hj ugha cuuk pkfg, A cfYd okLr fod r F; ksa l s voxr gksuk pkfg, Aft l i zd kj ge vi us vks-l h- d ks fnu esa nks ckj l ywV nsr s gSa A , d vkus d k r Fkk , d t kusd k A Bhd ml h i zd kj gesa vi us xq#nso d ks Hkh d soy nks ckj gh ' kh' k >qd kd j ueLd kjd juh pkfg, A , d vkus i j r Fkk nwl jh t kus i j A ft l i zd kj gekjk vks-l h- ckj&ckj d hl ywV l s [ kq' k ugha gksr k A cfYd og i js' kkuh vuqHko d jr k gS A Bhd ml h i zd kj gesa vi usxq#nso t h d ks i js' kku d jus d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha gS A okLr o esa ' kjhj d ks >qd kus d hvi s{kk d gha vf/ d egÙo eu d ks >qd kus d k gS A vPNk eSa , d ckr r qEgsa ; gk¡ cr kr k gw¡fd ge fujkd kj d s mi kl d gSa A bl d k l h/ k l k vFkZ gS & i zHkq l oZO; ki d gS A t c i zHkql oZO; ki d gS r ks og gj LFkku i j gS A ml d ks ' kjhj l s d e r Fkk eu l s vf/ d ueLd kjd juh gS A bl fy, Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d k : ekyk mBkuk ; k t xg&t xg i j ueLd kjd juk xyr gS A ge d soy ' kCn d ks gh xq# ekur s gSa t ks fujkd kj gS ; k ge bl i zd kj Hkhfopkj d j l d r s gSa fd gekjs l keus cgqr l s gekjs l s Å¡ps jSad d s vf/ d kjhx.k [ kM+s gSa geusmud ks fo' k* d juk gS vFkok l ywV nsuk gS] r ks D; k ge l Hkh d ks ckjh&ckjh l ywV d jaxs\; k fQj d soy l hfu; j vf/ d kjh d ks l ywV nsd j vi uk d ÙkZO; i w. kZ l e>saxs \

Jo. k fl a?k % l Sfud fu; eksa d s vuql kj r ks d soy l hfu; j vf/ d kjh d ks l ywV nsuk ghi ; kZIr gS ckd h vf/ d kfj ; ksa d ks l ywV d jus d h vko' ; d r k ugha D; ksafd mud ks vi us vkifo' k* eku fy; k t kr k gS A

vt hr fl a?k % bl fy, gesa d soy i zd k' keku Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc dks gh ueLd kj d juhpkfg, t ksfd mfpr Hkh gS A

{278}

bl d s i ' pkr ~~ l Hkh fe=k fQj l s Jhuxj ykSV vkr s gS r Fkk l Hkh ckt kj l s l keku cxSjk[ kjhnus d s fy, t kr s gSa A

fot ; % (nqd kunkj l s) bl l sc d h i sVh d k D; k Hkko gS A

nqd kunkj % ; g vejh l scksa d h i sVh gS A bl d k ewY; 40 : i ; s gS A ; g l sc l c l svPNs gksr s gSa A

fot ; % bl esa fd r us fd yksxzke l sc gksxsa \

nqd kunkj % yxHkx 12 fd yksxzke A

vt hr % bl d k ot u i sVh l fgr 12 fd yksxzke gks l d r k gS r c Hkh ; g l sc cgqreagxsa gq, yxHkx 4 : i ; s i zfr fd yks A ; g Hkko r ks gj t xg fey gh jgs gSa fQj ; gk¡ l sbd V~Bs ys t kus d k D; k ykHk A

nqd kunkj % ugha l kfgc] [ kqnk d l e ; g l sc 12 fdyks l s T; knk gS r Fkk bl l s de Hkkovki d ks d gha ugha fey l d r s A

vt hr % vxj bl i sVh esa l sc vPNs ugha fud ys ; k bl l s l Lr s gesa bl h ckt kj esa feyx, r ks \

nqd kunkj % ugha l kfgc d l e d qjku d h ge >wB ugha cksyr k A ; s l Hkh l sc vPNkgS vkSj ckt kj d s Hkko gh vki d ks csp jgs gSa A

fot ; % eSa , d i sVh l sc ys ysr k gw¡ A

vt hr % i gyh ckr r ks ; g fd ; g nqd kunkj gesa onhZ i gus ns[ kd j l sc e¡gxsa cr k jgkgS A vxj ysus gh gSa r ks i sVh [ kqyokd j l scksa d ks t k¡p yks d gha d ksbZ [ kjkc ; k nkx+h r ks ughavkSj ot +u Hkh d jok yks A

fot ; % ; g nqd kunkj t c br uh d l esa mBk jgk gS r ks l c d qN Bhd gh gksxk A

{279}

vt hr % r qe br uh t Ynh er d jks ge nwl js nqd kunkjksaa l s Hkko i wN ysr s gSa A r cnwl js nqd kunkjksa l s vejh l scksa d s [ kqys fcd us d k Hkko i wNr s gSa r ks ekywe gksr k gS fd r hu: i ; s i zfr fd yks d k Hkko py jgk gS A vf/ d ysus i j i sVh eqÝr ] i Sfdax pkft Zt ugha fy; kt kr k A

vt hr % (fot ; d ks Lecksf/ r d j r s gq, ) vc cr k og d l esa d gk¡ gSa \

fot ; % ; s yksx br uh >wBh d l esa D; ksa mBkr s gSa \

vt hr % gekjs ct qxks± }kjk , d d gkor i zpfyr d h xbZ gS &

¶pksj ka ; kj ka nk d l eka uky O; ogkj A

vFkkZr l Hkh csbZeku >wBh d l esa [ kkd j gh nwl jksa d ks / ks[ kk nsr s gSa A

fot ; % vc ; g d Sl s t kuk t k, fd ; g vkneh >wBh d l esa mBk jgk gS A

vt hr % cl ; g ckr l e> yks t ks O; fDr fcuk fd l h d kj . k ; k fcuk fd l h d s d gsd l e ysr k gS og i Dd k >wBk csbZeku O; fDr gS A ml i j t ks fo' okl d jsxk og / ks[ kk[ kk; sxk A bl d s foi jhr l Ppk O; fDr d Hkh Hkh fd l h d s yk[ k d gus i j Hkh d l e ughamBkr k A Hkys gh ml d h ckr fcYd qy l R; i j vk/ kfj r gh D; ksa u gks A

l Hkh vi uh vko' ; d r k dk l keku [ kjhnd j oki l vi uh ; qfuV d s fy, py i M+r s gSaA

l Hkh Fkds gq, gksus d s d kj .k t Ynh gh [ kkuk [ kkd j l ks t kr s gSa A vxyh l qcg t c czsdQkLV d jus yxr s gSa r Hkh l q[ knso vk t kr k gS A

vt hr % l q[ knso HkbZ; k r qe ?kj l s d c ykSVs \

l q[ knso % eSa d y ' kke d ks gh i fjokj l fgr ykSVk gw¡ A

vt hr % br uh t Ynh Hkh D; k Fkh \ ?kj x; s Fks r ks d qN fnu jguk Fkk A

l q[ knso % ?kj i j fd l d s fy, j guk Fkk \ eSa i fjokj t ks l kFk ys vk; k gw¡ r Fkk fQjvkmV i kl esa ?kj i j jgus d ks fnu Hkh r ks ugha Fks \

{280}

vt hr % vPNk r ks vkSj l quk A l c d q' ky eaxy gSa A

l q[ knso % t h] l c d q' ky eaxy gSa A gk¡ r qe l qukvks A r qEgkjh vejukFk ; k=kk d Sl h jgh\

vt hr % ; kj ; k=kk r ks cgqr vPNh jgh A i jUr q r qEgkjs fcuk l c l wuk&l wuk l k Fkk A

l q[ knso % D; ksa ckr sa cukr k gS \ ; g D; ksa ugha d gr k fd ; k=kk fcuk HkkHkh d sl wuh&l wuh l h jgh A

vt hr % ; k=kk d h ckr gh D; k \ r qEgkjh HkkHkh d s fcuk r ks ; g t hou Hkh l wuk gS AeSa r ks bl ; k=kk d s l wusi u d h ckr d g jgk Fkk A

fot ; % yks l q[ knso HkbZ; k pk; fi ; ks A

l q[ knso % ugha HkkbZ A eSa vHkh&vHkh pk; i h d j vk; k gw¡ A

fot ; % vc gekjs ; gk¡ d h pk; r qEgsa dgk¡ vPNh yxsxh \ HkkHkh ds gkFkksa d h t ks pk;i hus d ks feyus yxh gS A

l q[ knso % d Sl h ckr sa d j r s gks \ vkt ?kj l s pk; i h yh gS ugha r ks eSa vki yksxksa l sek¡xd j i h ysr k A

fot ; % ver l j l s vkSj D; k&D; k yk; s gks A

l q[ knso % Jo. k fl a?k us , d fgUnh esa Ni k gqvk xq: ok. kh d k xqVd k eaxk; k Fkk A ogml d s fy, yk; k gw¡A i jUr q fgUnh d h O; kd j . k d s vuql kj ml xqVd s esa xq: ok. kh v' kq¼ i <+ht kr h gS A D; ksafd xq: ok. kh l s vufHkK O; fDr bl ckr d ks ugha t ku i kr s A

vt hr % fgUnh ds xqVd s xq: ok.kh l s vufHkK O; fDr ; ksa r d xq: ok.kh i gq¡pkus d k dsoyl k/ u ek=k gSa A

l q[ knso % vxj vi fj fpr O; fDr xq: ok. kh v' kq¼ i <+s r ks gesa D; k ykHk \ gesa r ksml d s mPpkj. k d ks ' kq¼ d juk pkfg, A

{281}

vt hr % t gk¡ ; g i z' u l h/ k l knk gS A ogk¡ vi us esa ; g cgqr l h xaHkhj r Fkk t fVyl eL; k, a fy, gq, gS A eku yks vxj fgUnh d h O; k[ ; k d ks en~nsut +j j [ kr s gq, mPpkj. kd h ' kq¼r k i j è; ku d safnzr d j r s gSa r ks cgqr l s fo}kuksa d k er gS fd , sl k d juk Jh xq#xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh [ k. Mu d juk gS A t ks fd cgqr cM+k vi eku gS A vxj T; ksa d k R; ksagh fy[ kr s gSa r ks nwl jh fyfi ; ksas esa mPpkj . k esa var j vkr k gS A

l q[ knso % fQj bl l eL; k d k D; k l ek/ ku gks l d r k gS \ fo' ks"kd j NksVh b d hek=kk f * r Fkk NksVs m d h ek=kk q* t ksfd fcuk fd l h d kj . k Ni h gqbZ gksr h gS \

vt hr % xq#ck. kh d h ys[ ku i z. kkyh esa t ks vUr j fn[ kkbZ nsr k gS ml d s i hNs HkfDrd ky esa x| vkSj i | fy[ kus d s fy, vyx&vyx fod fl r gqbZ nks i z. kkfy; ka gSa ft ud sQyLo: i x| r Fkk i | fy[ kus d h i jEi jk esa fHkUur k i kbZ t kr h gSA bl d s nks eq[ ; d kj . kFksA i gyk i nksa d ks xk; u d yk d s vuql kj fy[ kuk vR; ko' ; d Fkk] ft l l s i zR; sd i n d ksfd l h fo' ks"k fu/ kZfj r jkx esa vyki k t k l d sA vr % O; at uksa vkSj Lojksa d k l eqfpr i z; ksxd jd s fy[ kus d k Hkj l d i z; Ru fd ; k x; k ft l l s xk; u d yk esa l gt r k vkSj l jyr k vkl d sA nwl jk d kj . k Fkk&i nksa d k NUnksa esa oxhZd j. k] t c egka£"k fi axy t h us NUn ' kkL=k d hmRi fÙk d h vkSj NUnksa d s fu; eksa d h i zLr qfr d h] ft l esa o. kZ vkSj ek=kkvksa d h l a[ ; k ; fr ]xfr vkSj y; d s fo' ks"k fu; eksa i j v f/ d cy fn; k] ft l d s vk/ kj i j o. kksZa vFkokek=kkvksa d s d qy ; ksx d s vuql kj NUnksHksn fd ; k t k l d sA

uksV&HkfDr dky dh yxHkx l Hkh dkO; jpuk, a bl h fof/ fo/ ku vuql kj fyfi &c¼feyr h gSa] fo' ks"k&d j xksLokeh r qyl h nkl d k jke pfj r ekul * egk&d kO; bl l anZHk esamYys[ kuh; gSA

d - l axhr fo| k d s d kj .k vUr j&

1- o. kZ ekyk esa ; * vkSj o* nks , sl s O; at u gS t ks fd okLr o esa v¼ZLoj gSaA bUgsa nks Lojksaesa foHkkft r fd ; k t k l d r k gS vFkok ; g d g l d r s gSa fd bu d h mRi fÙk nks Lojksad s l a; ksx l s gqbZ gSA

{282}

2- g* o. kZ d h Hkh mRi fÙk Loj ; a=k eq[ k l s gksr h gSA vr % bl o. kZ d ks v% d s LFkku i jfol xZ d s : i esa xk; u d yk d ks nh?kZ cukus d s fy, i z; ksx fd ; k t kr k gSA

[ k- NUnksa d k oxhZd j . k d jus d s fy, &

1- bl i z. kkyh vuql kj d kO; d ks fyfi &c¼ d jr s l e; O; at uksa d k i wjk Lo: i fy[ kukvfuok; Z Fkk] Hkko ; g fd v Loj j fgr vFkok vk/ s o. kZ ugha i z; ksx fd ; s t k l d r sA

2- ft u o. kksZa d k foPNsn l EHko gS mu d ks O; at u d s LFkku i j Lojksa esa cny d j fy[ kkx; k ft l l s ek=kkvksa d h fxur h vFkok t ksM+ esa l jyr k r Fkk l gt r k fey l d hA

mnkgj . k d s fy, ; * r Fkk o* o. kZ

; * o. kZ d s LFkku i j fHkUu&fHkUu Lojksa d k i z; ksx&

i | Lo: i x| Lo: i

ekbvk f $ k ¾ ; ek; k

fxvk f $ k ¾ ; x; k

i kbvk f $ k ¾ ; i k; k

fi vkj f $ k ¾ ; I; kj

f/ vku f $ k ¾ ; è; ku

fxvku f $ k ¾ ; X; ku (Kku)

l fr f $ k ¾ ; l R;

fl vk. ki k f $ k ¾ ; L; k. ki ka

fyf[ kvk f $ k ¾ ; fy[ k; k

{283}

nquhvkaf $ k ¾ ; nqfu; k

dksb b ¾ ; dks;

l ksb b ¾ ; l ks;

t ksb b ¾ ; t ks;

gksb b ¾ ; gks;

HkS , s ¾ S ¾ ; Hk;

t S , s ¾ S ¾ ; t ;

ft m f $ k $ q ¾ ; ksaT; ksa

fl m f $ k $ q ¾ ; ksaL; ksa

frm f $ k $ q ¾ ; ksaR; ksa

fdm f $ k $ q ¾ ; ksaD; ksa

o. kZ o* d s LFkku i j fofHkÂ Loj ksa d k mi ; ksx

i | Lo: i k $ q ¾ o x| Lo: i

dqvkjh v $ m ¾ o Dokjh

nqvkj v $ m ¾ o n~okj (}kj )

l qvku v $ m ¾ o Loku

l qvkeh v $ m ¾ o Lokeh

l qj v $ m ¾ o Loj

{284}

m ¾ o

nsm m ¾ o nso

ukm m ¾ o uko

i m.k m ¾ o i o.k

t hm m ¾ o t ho

g o. kZ fol xZ (%) v% d s : i esa èouh d ks nh?kZ d jus d s fy, i z; ksx fd ; k x; k gSA

i | Lo: i vFkok l gt i kBu esa y?kq : i esa x| Lo: i

[ ksr kg g ¾ (%) vFkkZr ¾ va ¾ a[ ksr ka

l ar kg g ¾ (%) vFkkZr ¾ va ¾ al ar ka

xyhvg g ¾ (%) vFkkZr ¾ va ¾ axfy; ka

l cnkg g ¾ (%) vFkkZr ¾ va ¾ al cnka

i | Lo: i esa fol xZ (%) ¾ (g) $ m ¾ gq gS mu d k l gt i Bu esa x| Lo: i esamPpkj. k fuEufyf[ kr gksxkA

i | esa x| esa

fopgq (g ¾ a] q ¾ ks) ¾ ksa fopksa

l ar gq (g ¾ a] q ¾ ks) ¾ ksa l ar ksa

vanjgq (g ¾ a] q ¾ ks) ¾ ksa vanjksa

t kxgq (g ¾ a] q ¾ ks) ¾ ksa t kxkas

{285}

ft u ' kCnksa d s vUr esa fol xZ g ¾ (%) d s l kFk NksVh b d h ek=kk (f) gS t ks fd l gti Bu l e; vFkok x| Lo: i esa NksVh (, ) ¾ s d h ek=kk esa cny t kr h gS vkSj fol xZ (%)¾ g NksVs v a ( a ) esa c ny t kr k gSAt Sl s &

i | Lo: i esa x| Lo: i

i kofg ( f ¾ s$ g ¾ a ) ¾ sai kosa

l ksgfg ( f ¾ s$ g ¾ a ) ¾ sal ksgsa

vk[ kfg ( f ¾ s$ g ¾ a ) ¾ savk[ ksa

xkofg ( f ¾ s$ g ¾ a ) ¾ saxkogsa

efg ( f ¾ s$ g ¾ a ) ¾ saesa

ekfg ( f ¾ s$ g ¾ a ) ¾ saek, a

uksV %d qN ' kCnksa esa g* o. kZ] ' kCnksa d s vUr esa ' kCn d h vi uh mRi fÙk d k vaxgksr k gS r Fkk ogk¡ i j og O; at u Lo: i i z; ksx gqvk gksr k gS ogk¡ i j ; g fu; e ykxw ugha gksr kAmnkgj. k ds fy, ] t Sl s&

i | Lo: i esa x| Lo: i

ekgq ekg

jkgq jkg

i fr l kgqi fr l kg

; fn , sl s ' kCnksa d ks nh?kZ d juk gksr k gS r ks ogk¡ g* o. kZ fol xZ (%) Lo: i esa vyx l si zd V d jus d s fy, nksckjk fy[ kuk gksr k gS vFkkZr , d l e; esa nks g* o. kZ bd V~Bs i z; ksxfd , t kr s gS] t Sl s&

{286}

eqggq ¾ eqgksa

fl vkggq ¾ L; kgksa

Fksggq ¾ Fksgksa

d i kggq ¾ d i kgksa

HkfDr d ky d k d kO; r Fkk xq#ck. kh d s ' kCnksa d s var esa NksVs m d h ek=kk ( q) r FkkNksVh b d h ek=kk, a (f) fy[ kh gqbZ feyr h gSa i jUr q mu d ks or Zeku d ky esa i <+k ugha t kr kvFkkZr os yqIr vFkok ' kkUr gks t kr h gSaA okLr o esa mu fnuksa vyx&vyx i zns' kksa esa bu d kmPpkj.k ogk¡ dh i zFkk vuql kj fHkUu&fHkUu gksr k FkkA d gha&d gha bu d k mPpkj. k y?kq : iesa r Fkk d gha&d gha bu d k mPpkj . k nh?kZ : i esa gksus d k i zpyu FkkA ; fn d ksbZ egkuqHkkobu dk y?kq : i esa mPpkj.k d jus esa n{k gS r ks bu ds mPpkj.k d jus i j vFkZ&cks/ fcyd qyLi "V gks t kr k gSA fd Ur q or Zeku d ky esa i at kch (xq#eq[ kh) fyfi d s i kBd bu d kmPpkj.k ugha d jr sA D; ksafd os yksx bu ek=kkvksa d k mPpkj. k d juk / hjs&/ hjs Hkwy pqd s gSA

nkghBQ? vki hUgS ¾ vki huS%

fJeBQk bdUgk ¾ bduk%

fXnktfBQ f/ vkofUg ¾ f/ vkofu%

fsBQk fr Ugk ¾ fr uk%

fiBQk ft Ugk ¾ ft uk%

UBQh vksUgh ¾ vksuh%

fdZ;fDQ fnl af.g ¾ fnl f.k%

ubzfBQ pyafUg ¾ pyfu%

{287}

xq#ck. kh esa d qN , sl s ' kCn feyr s gSa ft u d h èofu nh?kZ d jus d s fopkj l s mu d s i k¡od s uhps vk/ k Þ* o. kZ d k fpUg ( Q*) fn; k x; k gksr k gS] ft Ugsa xqjeq[ kh fyfi l s nsoukxjh esa i fjo£r r d jr s l e; g d s vk/ s fpUg d ks i w. kZ d j d s ml l s i gys okys o. kZ d ksvk/ k d j d s fy[ kk gqvk ns[ kk x; k gSA okLr o esa , sl s ' kCnksa d ks nso ukxjh esa fyI; kUr j . kd jr s l e; fol xZ ¾ v% (%) }kjk n' kkZ; k t kuk pkfg, A

xq#ck. kh esa ' k* o. kZ d k i z; ksx ugha fd ; k x; kA bl o. kZ d s fod Yi esa l * o. kZ l sgh d k; Z fl f¼ d j yh xbZ gSA bl d s nks eq[ ; d kj . k gSaA i gyk & mu fnuksa yksd Hkk"kk esa' k o. kZ d h èofu ugha Fkh] d soy ' k* o. kZ d k mi ; ksx l aLd r vFkok r Rl e : i ' kCnksa esa ghgksr k FkkA D; ksafd xq#ck. kh fofHkUu egki q#"kksa }kjk j fpr ] mud s i zns' kksa dh LFkkuh; yksd Hkk"kkgS] ft u esa ' kCnksa d k r n~Hko Lo: i d k i z; ksx fd ; k x; k gS vr % bu ' kCnksa esa ' k* O; at ud h èofu ugha gksr hA nwl jk d kj . k&d kO; d s r qd kar d ks feykus d s fy, d soy l * o. kZ d si z; ksx l s l gt r k r Fkk l jyr k feyr h gS D; ksafd d kO; d h Nan cUnh d s fu; e vuql kjr qd kar esa gYd h l h èofu d h v' kqf¼ Hkh Lohd k; Z gksr h gSA

l Hkh fe=k d qN l e; d s vkjke d s fy, vi uh cSfjd esa i gq¡pr s gSa r ks D; k ns[ kr s gSa fdfot ; d qekj d h pkj i kbZ d s i hNs d h r Lohj t yh gqbZ gS r Fkk cSfjd esa / q¡vk Hkjk gqvk gSA

jRu % (fot ; d ks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, ) r qeus t kr s l e; vxjcÙkh D; ksa ugha cq>kbZ Ans[ kks r ks r qEgkjh guqeku t h d h r Lohj t y d j jk[ k gks xbZ gS A

fot ; &(vk' p; Z l s) ; g D; k gks x; k \ ' kqØ gS fd l h nwl jh oLr q us vkx i d M+ yhgksr h r ks l R; kukl gks t kuk Fkk A

t Qj % HkbZ; k FkksM+k è; ku j [ kk d jks A

vt hr % pyks t ks gksuk Fkk gqvk A vc t Ynh l s bl r Lohj d ks mr kj d j d gha fNi knks ugha r ks i s' kh ' kq: gks t k; sxh A

r c l c feyd j / q, ¡ d s fu' kku r Fkk t ys gq, d kxt + ds Vqd M+s gVkus d k i z; Ru d jr sgSa A

{288}

t Qj % vt hr HkkbZ ; g r Lohj Hkh r ks , d i zd kj d h ewfr Z i wt k gh gS A ft l s / wi ; kvxjcÙkh nsuh gksr h gS A ; s t ks vki yksxksa d s xq#t uksa d s fp=k Ni s gq, gSa D; k ; g ewfr Z i wt kugha gS \

vt hr % vki Bhd d g jgs gSa A ; g i zFkk Hkh xyr gS A gesa vkns' k gS d soy i kjczãi jes' oj d s vfr fjDr fd l h d ks Hkh i wt k ugha d juh D; ksafd fd og fujkd kj gS vr % ml d hr Lohj ; k fp=k gks gh ugha l d r k i jUr q d qN Hkzfer yksx egki q: "kksa (/ kfeZd O; fDr Ro okysyksx) d s fp=kksa d h dYi uk ' kfDr l s fuekZ.k d j fQj mud h i wt k i zkjEHk d j nsr s gS t cfd; g d k; Z vi us vki d ks i Fk Hkz"V d jus d s r qY; gS A

l q[ knso fl a?k % l ekt esa t kxfr ykus d h vfr vko' ; d r k gS D; ksafd bl l e; gekjkl ekt HksM+pky d s d kj . k nqfo/ k esa mY>k gqvk gS A

fot ; % fp=kksa d k vi uk egÙo gS D; ksafd bud k eu efLr "d i j xgjk i zHkko i M+r kgS A vkt d k ehfM; k l ekt d ks fp=kksa }kjk gh i zHkkfor d j r k gS A

vor kj fl a?k % r sjh ckr esa r F; gS i jUr q t gk¡ fp=kksa esa vkd "kZ. k gS ogk¡ ewy fl ¼kar ksai j i gjk nsuk Hkh vfr vi us y{; l s gh u HkVd t k; s D; ksafd O; fDr fo' ks"k d h i wt k eks{kugha fnyok l d r h vr % t ho vkRek d ks fQj l s pkSjkl h d s pØ esa HkVd uk i M+ l d r k gSAvr % ; g fp=k ugha Ni us pkfg; sa A D; ksafd ; s fp=k t c i qjkus ; k jn~nh gks t kr s gSa r ks cgqrvi eku gksr k ns[ kk x; k gS A

vt hr % ; g ckr Hkh fd l h gn r d Bhd gS A

vor kj % bl d k fQj D; k l ek/ ku gS fd gekjs i woZt ksa d s fp=kksa r Fkk l kfgR; d kvi eku u gks A l kFk gh l kFk mu r Lohjksa d ks ewfr Z d h r jg yksx i wt sa Hkh u \

vt hr % yksxksa esa vPNs fp=kksa r Fkk vPNs l kfgR; d s l kFk t kxfr ykbZ t k; s fd os ewfr Zd h r jg , sfr gkfl d fp=kksa d ks Hkh u i wt as r kfd mud s i qjkuk gksus i j Hkh mud ks l aHkkysa Ai qjkus fp=kksa r Fkk l kfgR; d ks l e; l e; t ykr s jgsa A

{289}

r Hkh nwl jh i jsM dh l hVh ct r h gS A ft l d s l kFk l Hkh od Z' kki esa vi us&vi us dk; Zi j t kus d s fy, Qkyhu gks t kr s gSa r Fkk nks feUV d s ekSu i zkFkZuk d s i ' pkr ~~ l Hkh LVkQ d ksvi us dk; Z i j Hkst fn; k t kr k gS A yxHkx nl ct d j i Sar kyhl feUV i j Vh czsd dh l hVhct r h gS r ks l Hkh pk; i hus ykSV vkr s gSa A r Hkh D; k ns[ kr s gSa fd d qN efgyk, ¡ jkLr k HkVdt kus d s d kj . k ; qfuV ykbZu d s vanj vk t kr h gSa A efgykvksa d ks cgqr vknj Hkko l s oki lt kus d s fy, d gk t kr k gS fd vki t gk¡ t kuk pkgr h gS og ekxZ ; g ugha gS A cfYd l kFkgh esa , d i xM. Mh gS ft l l s vki d ks t kuk gS A

foDVj % (pk; i hr s gq, ) vxj ; g efgyk; sa fd l h i kfd Lr kuh l Sfud ksa d s i kl l sxqt j t kr h r ks mu yksxkssa us bud h bTt +r i j gkFk Mky nsuk Fkk A i jUr q Hkkj r h; l suk d st oku gSa ft Ugksaus efgykvksa d k i wjk l Eeku gh ugha fd ; k cfYd mud s Hkwys HkVd s d SEi esaHkh vkus i j vknj l fgr mud k ekxZ n' kZu fd ; k gS A

t Qj % ; g ckr r qe d Sl s d g l d r s gks \

foDVj % eSaus l u~ 1971 d s caxyk ns' k d s ; q¼ esa Hkkx fy; k Fkk vr % eSa vi us vuqHkod s vk/ kj i j ; g cr k jgk gw¡ A

fot ; % ; kj fQj ogk¡ d h d qN ?kVuk; sa r ks l qukvks A

foDVj % caxyk ns' k esa i kfdLr kuh l Sfudksa d s vR; kpkjksa d h D; k d gkuh cr kÅ¡ A t cgekjh ; qfuV es?kky; i zns' k l s caxyk ns' k esa i zos' k d j xbZ r ks ogk¡ i gys&i gys l Hkh xk¡o[ kkyh fn[ kkbZ i M+ jgs Fks A vkxs c<+us i j d qN xk¡o t ys gq, fn[ kkbZ fn; s A ' kk; n ogk¡ d syksx Hkkx d j Hkkj r vk x, Fks A bl d s ckn d qN nsgkr h fn[ kkbZ fn; s t ks cgqr gh cqjhvoLFkk esa Fks A t Sl s gh Hkkj r h; l suk us i kfd Lr kuh l suk d ks [ knsM+k r c i kfd Lr kuh ekspks±i j d qN LFkkuh; vkSj r sa fuZoL=k i k; ha xbZ A mul s i wNr kN d s ckn mu vkSj r ksa cr k; k fdi kfd Lr kuh l suk d s t okuksa us mud s l kFk cgqr gh uhp O; ogkj fd ; k gS A t Sl s & d bZvkSj r ksa d h gR; k d j nh] d bZ; ksa d s Lr u (o{kLFky) d kV fn; s r Fkk d bZ vkSj r ksa d s l kFkl kewfgd : i l s cykRd kj d s ckn mud h ; kSuh ekxZ esa l axhus Mkyd j mud h gR; k d j nh A

{290}

vr % ge l Hkh ukjh; ksa d ks cqjh r jg i hVk t kr k gS r Fkk oL=kghu voLFkk esa jgus d ks et cwjfd ; k t kr k gS A

t Qj % QkSt h l Hkh , sl s gh gksr s gSa A ft l d k nko yxr k gS A d e ugha d jr k A d kSul k QkSt h gS t ks vkSj r ksa d s fy, ugha ej r k \

foDVj % i jUr q vi us ns' k d s l Sfud ksa us ogk¡ i j d ksbZ , sl k d ke ugha fd ; k ft l d h gesaXykfu gks \

t Qj % Hkkjr h; l suk mu yksxksa d h r jQ l s yM+ jgh Fkh t cfd i kfdLr kuh QkSt mudsfo: ¼ A vr % bl hfy, ; g Qd Z ns[ kus esa vk; k gS A

foDVj % ; g ckr fcYd qy xyr gS A ge r ks vkØe. kd kjh (geykoj ) Fks t cfdLFkkuh; ukxfjd mud h i zt k Fks A gekjh l Sfud Vqd fM+; k¡ t gk¡ Hkh xbZ ogha ge yksxksa usfl ofy; u d k eu t hr k] vR; kpkj r ks nwj d h ckr jgh A

fot ; % okLr o esa Hkkj r h; l suk esa vuq' kkl u cgqr Å¡ps Lr j d k gS A

vt hr % ; g ckr r ks Bhd gS gh bl d s l kFk Hkkj r h; l suk r Fkk i kfd Lr kuh l suk d sl aLd kjksa esa cgqr vUr j gS t ks bl ckr d k ewy d kj .k jgk gS A Hkkjr h; l aLdfr esa ukjh t kfrd ks cgqr vknj& l Eeku fn; k t kr k gS i jUr q bLykeh l aLd fr esa ukj h d ks i q: "kksa l svyx&vyx j [ kk t kr k gS A ft l l s ogk¡ (i kfd Lr ku esa) ukjh i q: "kksa d s fy, , d vt wckcu t kr h gS A oSl s vfgal k i zeks / ekZ vFkok n; k / eZ d k ewy gS A ; s gekjs fl ¼kar Hkh gSaft l d s d kj . k gekjs l aLd kjksa esa vUr j gS A

foDVj % r qe Bhd d gr s gks A ge bZl kbZ; ksa esa Hkh nhu nqf[ k; ksa d h l sok d jus d s fy,i zsj . kk nh t kr h gS A

vt hr % Hkkj r h; l suk d h fl [ k ; qfuVksa essa , d o"kZ esa r hu xq: i oZ eukus d h i zFkk gS A; g xq: i oZ gSa & xq# ukud t ; Ur h] xq# xksfcUn t ; Ur h r Fkk cSl k[ kh ; k [ kkyl k t Uefnol A bu r huksa gh i oks± i j fl [ k l Sfud vi us ; gk¡ t u l k/ kj . k d ks vkeaf=kr d jr s gSa r Fkk

{291}

mud ks vi us gkFkksa l s r S; kj fd ; k gqvk i zl kn o yaxj fn; k t kr k gS ; k Nd kr s gSa A blt ul ewg esas vkSjr sa] cPps] ; qofr ; ka r Fkk o¼ l Hkh r ks gksr s gSa A ft ud ks fl [ k l Sfud cgqrI; kj r Fkk J¼k l s Hkkst u d jkr s gSa A mud h l sok d j r s gSa r Fkk vi us d ks / U; ekur s gSa Avr % bl l sok Hkko d s l Ei d Z l s l Sfud ksa d s ân; esa n; k r Fkk l sok d h mRi fÙk gksr h gS t ksvkxs pyd j , d l ar fl i kgh d ks t Ue nsr h gs A ; g l sok d jus okyk l Sfud d Sl s mUghat ul k/ kj . k d s l ewg i j vR; kpkj d j l d r k gS ft ud h ml us vi us gkFkksa l s l sok d h gSr Fkk mud ks vi us ân; l s I; kj fd ; k gS A

fot ; % l u~ 1965 d s ; q¼ esa Msjk ckck ukud l SDVj i j r Hkh r ks uo ; qofr ; k¡ vi usfl j i j [ kkuk r Fkk nw/ mBkd j vi us l Sfud HkkbZ; ksa d s fy, cs [ kVd s ys vkr h Fkh r Fkkd gr h Fkh fd t gk¡ esjk HkkbZ yM+ l d r k gS A eSa ogk¡ D; k [ kkuk nsus ugha vk l d r h \

Vh czsd l ekIr gksr s gh l Hkh vi us&vi us dk; Z i j oki l ykSV t kr s gSa r Fkk vi us&vi usd ke esa O; Lr gks t kr s gSa A nksi gj d s [ kkus d s l e; l q[ knso d ks ; qfuV ykbZu esa ns[ kd jfot ; l q[ knso d ks i z' u d j r k gS fd [ kkuk [ kkus ?kj ugha x; s \

l q[ knso % ?kj cgqr nwj gS A vxj ?kj i j pyk t kÅ¡xk r ks l e; vuql kj ykSV ughai kÅ¡xk A vr % eSa [ kkuk vi us l kFk gh yk; k gw¡ r Fkk l q[ knso [ kkuk xeZ d jus yxr k gS A

vt hr % (l q[ knso d ks l Ecks/ u d jr s gq, ) r qEgkjk vkt cynso jkt l s >xM+k D; ksa gksjgk Fkk \

l q[ knso % d ksbZ [ kkl ckr ugha gS A cl ; g yksx fe=kr k i j nkx yxkus yxr s gSa A

vt hr % fQj Hkh d ksbZ r ks ckr gqbZ gksxh \

l q[ knso % fi Nys eghus ml us eq>l s 100 : i ; s m/ kj fy, Fks A vc og nsus d k ukegh ugha ys jgk A t cfd bl eghus d h r u[ kkg Hkh fey xbZ gS A

vt hr % r qeus ml d ks 100 : i ; s fd l fy, fn; s Fks \ ml d ks bu : i ; ksa d h D; kt : j r i M+ xbZ Fkh \

{292}

l q[ knso % (d qN >sai r s gq, ) cl oSl s gh fn; s Fks A

vt hr % r qe eq>l s d qN fNi k jgs gks \ ckr D; k gS \ cr kr s D; ksa ugha \

l q[ knso % D; k cr kÅ¡ A , d fnu cynso t q, esa cSBk gqvk Fkk fd r Hkh og cgqr i Sl sgkj x; k A i jUr q vpkud , d ckj bl d s i kl d qN vPNs i Ùks vk x; s r ks bl d s i kl pkyc<+kus d s fy, i Sl s ugha Fks A r Hkh bl us esjh feUur sa d jd s 100 : i ; s m/ kj ys fy; s A ; gok; nk d jd s fd ; g 100 : i ; s l qcg ykSVk nsxk A i jUr q vkt r d i Sl s ugha fn; s t cfdr u[ okg Hkh bl s fey pqd h gS A

vt hr % bl esa xyr h ml d h ugha] xyr h r sjh gS A r qed ks ekywe ugha fd fd l d ksfd l l e; i Sl k m/ kj fn; k t kr k gS r Fkk fd u fl ¼kar ksa i j fe=kr k d k ne Hkjk t kr k gS A


vt hr % er yc l kQ gS A m/ kj ml h O; fDr d ks nsuk pkfg, t gk¡ i wjk fo' okl gks fdt ks / u vki us ml s fn; k gS og ml d k l nqi ; ksx d jsxk A esjs d gus d k Hkko gS fd vki d kfn; k / u fd l h vPNs d k; Z esa yxuk pkfg, A ft l l s ysus okys d k r Fkk ml d s i fjokj t uksad k d qN Hkyk gksr k gks A ft l l s og r qEgkjk ½.kh cu t k; sxk r Fkk ml s i Sl k ykSVkus d s fy,mRl kg feysxk A l kFk gh og vki d k l nSo vkHkkjh jgsxk fd veqd O; fDr us esjh d fBui kfjokfjd i zfLFkfr ; ksa esa vkfFkZd l gk; r k d h gS A i jUr q r qeus ml s t q, d s fy, i Sl s fn,t ks fd ml d s fd l h d ke ugha vk; s r Fkk og jd e ml us gkj nh ft l d kj . k og r qEgsa: i ; k nsus d k nks"kh i kr k gS r Fkk r sjs ½.kh gksus d s LFkku i j og r sjk ' k=kq cu x; k gS D; ksafdog vxj 100 : i ; s ykSVkr k gS r ks ml d s i kl ?kj Hkst us d ks cpsxk D; k \

l q[ knso % i jUr q eSaus ml d s et cwj d jus r Fkk fe=kr k d k okLr k nsus i j gh fn; s Fks A

vt hr % Bhd gS A vc , d fl ¼kar l e> yks fd ; fn ge fd l h vPNs Qy d h i zkfIrd h bPNk d jr s gSa r ks ml d ks i zkIr d jus d s fy, gesa vPNs l k/ uksa dk i z; ksx vfr vko' ; dgS ugha r ks xyr l k/ uksa l s Qy d h i zkfIr Hkh xyr gh gksxh A

{293}


vt hr % er yc l kQ gS A ; fn ge fd l h d ks fe=k cukuk pkgr s gSa ; k fd l h d s d kevkuk pkgr s gSa r Fkk cnys esa ; g vk' kk d j r s gSa fd og Hkh gekjs d ke vk; s r ks gesa ml d hl gk; r k fd l h vPNs d ke esa gh d juh pkfg, A ugha r ks l gk; r k ysus okyk O; fDr d soyl e; d k ykHk mBk ysr k gS A i jUr q foi fÙk d ky esa vi us fd ; s d k nks"k Hkh nwl jksa i j ghyxkus d k i z; Ru d j r k gS A mnkgj . k d s fy, cykRd kj] [ kwu r Fkk pksjh t Sl s vi jk/ ksa esal gk; r k d jus okys O; fDr l gk; r k i kus okyksa l s vf/ d n. M i kr s ns[ ks x; s gSa A D; ksafdeq[ ; v i j k/ h l gk; r k d jus okys d ks l Qy gksus i j d soy [ kq' k gh d j r s gSa A i jUr qvl Qy gksus i j vi us l gk; d d ks vi us l s vf/ d nks"kh Bgjkd j Q¡l okus d h d ksf' k' kd j r s gSa A bl fy, l nSo l gk; r k d jus l s i gys ; g t ku ysuk t +: jh gS fd esjh nh gqbZl gk; r k bUgha fl ¼kar ksa i j fpj LFkkbZ fe=kr k Hkh cuh jg l d r h gS ; k ugha \

d qN l e; i ' pkr ~~ goynkj est j vt hr d s i kl vkr k gS r Fkk , d r kj (VSfyxzke)nsr k gS fd ; g r qEgkjs uke vk; k gS A vt hr l Hkh d ke NksM+d j ml d ks i <+r k gS r Fkk l gtHkko l s vi us i kl j [ k ysr k gS A r Hkh bl r kj d s fo"k; esa l Hkh fe=kksa d ks ekywe gks t kr kgs A

goynkj est j % ?kj esa l c Bhd Bkd r ks gS u \

vt hr % ; g r kj [ kq' kh d k gS A esjs ; gk¡ , d yM+d s us t Ue fy; k gs A

goynkj est j % fQj r ks cgqr &cgqr c/ kbZ gks A

bl ' kqHk l ekpkj d ks l qu l Hkh fe=k ml h {k. k , d =k gks t kr s gSa r Fkk vt hr l s r kj d ket +ewu i <+us d ks d gr s gSa A

foDVj % ; kj ; g r ks cr k r kj esa D; k fy[ kk gS A ge Hkh r ks ns[ ksa A r qe , sl s ' kkUrcSBs gks t Sl s d qN gqvk gh ugha gS A

vt hr % vd ky i qj [ k* d k yk[ k&yk[ k / U; okn d jr k gw¡ A ft l us eq>s , d vkSjcsVk fn; k gs A ; g yks r kj i <+ks A

{294}

fot ; % (r kj i <+r s gq, ) vkt ge , d cM+h nkor d s gd nkj gks x, gSa A

vt hr % ; kj nkor Hkh gks t k; sxh A

l q[ knso % eSa fQj eqxsZ d k bUr t ke d : ¡ A

vt hr % nkor eSaus nsuh gS r ks esjh bPNk d s vuqd wy gh gksxh A

fot ; % nkor nsuh gS r ks ysus okyksa d h bPNk d s vuql kj gh nks A ge r ks i kVhZ pkgr sgSa A

vt hr % eSa bl [ kq' kh d s ' kqHk vol j i j l Hkh d k eq¡g ehBk d jokuk pkgr gw¡ u fdd M+ok A vxj eSaus vki yksxksa d ks je i kVhZ ns Hkh nh r ks] vf/ d ka' k yksx i hd j d ksbZ xyrckr gh d g t k; saxs A i jUr q ehBh oLr q ; k feBkbZ [ kkd j l Hkh ' kqHk ckr gh d gsaxs A ft l d heq>s r Fkk esjs uot kr f' k' kq d ks vfr vko' ; d r k gS A

fot ; % vxj r qe gekjh [ kq' kh d s fy, i kVhZ ns jgs gks r ks gesa r ks je vkSj eqxZs esa gh[ kq' kh feyr h gS A t c ge [ kq' k gksaxs r ks ge yksx vi us vki vi us Hkr ht s d ks vk' khokZn nsaxsA

vt hr % eSa l S¼kfUr d O; fDr gw¡ A , sl s cgd kos esa vkus okyk ugha A t c eSa je i hr kgh ugha r ks nwl jksa d ks fi ykus d s fy, Hkh foo' k D; ksa gksÅ¡ \

foDVj % NksM+ks bl fookn d ks A NqV~Vh d s i ' pkr ~ l c d qN fuf' pr d j ysaxs A

NqV~Vh d s ckn l Hkh , d =k gksd j vt hr d ks ?ksj ysr s gSa fd vc nkor d h ckr r ; gkst k; s A

vt hr % eSa nkor vki d ks gh ugha cfYd l kjh ; qfuV d ks nkor d juk pkgr k gw¡ A esjsfy, l Hkh , d l eku gSa A bl fy, eSaus oSV d SUVhu esa d y d s fy, j l xqYys r Fkkxqykct kequksa d k vkns' k fn; k gS a

l q[ knso % ; g r ks vkSj Hkh vPNh ckr gS A i jUr q bl [ kq' kh d s ekSd s i j cl gekjs fy,, d eqxsZ r Fkk , d je d h cksr y d k cUnkscLr vyx l s d juk gksxk A

{295}

vt hr % , sl k d Hkh ugha gks l d r k A D; ksafd eSa l Hkh d s l kFk , d t Sl k gh O; ogkjd juk pkgr k gw¡ A l kFk gh eSa je d h i kVhZ d s fy, r ks d r bZ r S; kj ugha gw¡ A

t Qj % r qe yksx D; ksa bl d s i hNs i M+s gq, gks A r qEgsa i kVhZ pkfg, og r qEgsa feysxh ghAvc ; g r ks ml d h bPNk i j NksM+ nks og i kVhZ d Sl s nsuk i l an d jr k gs A vl y esa ; g Kkuhè; kuh vkneh gS A r qEgsa je d h i kVhZ d gk¡ l s nsxk \

fot ; % ; g Kkuh cus ; k czãKkuh geus r ks je d h gh i kVhZ ysuh gS A

vt hr % ( l c d ks vi uh ckr l e>kus d k i z; kl d j r s gq, ) je i hus l s vki d ks D; kfeysxk \ ?kaVs nks ?kaVs d k l : j A fQj ; g r qEgkjk je okyk u' kk mr j gh t k, xk A i jUr qvd ky i qj [ k d s uke d k u' kk l nhoh gS A

l q[ knso % yks d j nh uk Kkfu; ksa okyh ckr A

t Qj % vt hr HkbZ; k Kkuh r Fkk czãKkuh esa D; k var j gksr k gS \

vt hr % Kkuh r ks , d l k/ kj . k O; fDr gksr k gS A d soy ge ml s Kkuh bl fy, d gr sgSa fd og cgqr l h / kfeZd i qLr d ksa d k vè; ; u d j pqd k gksr k gS r Fkk og ' kkL=k easvPNs&vPNs r d Z d j l d r k gS A okLr o esa ; g , d i <+k fy[ k cqf¼t hoh O; fDr gksr k gSAbl d s foi jhr czãKkuh og O; fDr gksr k gS ft l us / kfeZd i qLr d ksa ds Kku d ks ân; esa cl kfy; k gksr k gS r Fkk ml h vkn' kZ i j vi uk l eLr t hou ; ki u d jr k gS A nwl js ' kCnksa esa ; gO; fDr i <+k gqvk u gksd j xq<+k gqvk gksr k gS A bud s t hou d h fo' ks"kr k ; g gksr h gS fdt ks ckr bud s eq[ k i j gS ogh bud s ân; esa gksxh A vFkkZr bud s t hou esa Ny d i V ughagksr k ; k nwl js ' kCnksa eas og Hkhr j r Fkk ckgj l s , d t Sl k gh gksr k gS A l cl s cM+h fo' ks"kr k; g gS fd ; s yksx csi jokg gksr s gSa A bud ks fd l h pht + l s eksg ugha gksr k A bud s fy,feV~Vh r Fkk l ksuk , d l keku gksr k gS A bud ks ' k=kq r Fkk fe=k esa d ksbZ Hksn t ku ugha i M+r kAr kRi ; Z ; g gS fd bu yksxksa d h l Hkh fØ; k, a oSl h gh gksr h gSa t Sl h d ksbZ vpsr voLFkk okykO; fDr d jr k gS A bl d k vFkZ ; g ugha fd bud k efLr "d ugha gksr k cfYd bud h voLFkkfd l h xgjs u' ks esa Mwcs gq, O; fDr t Sl h gksr h gS A ft l d ks d ksbZ gks' k ugha gksr h ; k og vi uh

{296}

l q/ &cq¼ [ kks; s fd l h l : j eas gksr k gs A ft l d ks vi us csxkus d h d ksbZ [ kcj ugha gksr h Al p r ks ; g gS fd Hkt u cUnxh Hkh , d l : j gS A bl hfy, HkDr t uksa us d gk gS &

r w i h yS] r w i h yS] uke egk j l i h yS AA

bl d k l h/ k vFkZ gS u' kksa esa egku u' kk i zHkq d k uke gh gS A D; ksafd bl l s d soy ykHkgh gS A gkfu d k i z' u gh ugha mBr k A bl d s vfr fjDr bl d ks i zkIr d jus d s fy, fd l hi zd kj d s / u d h vko' ; d r k Hkh ugha i M+r h r Fkk ; g vi uh bPNk vuql kj O; fDr bl s i hl d r k gS A bl esa fo' ks"kr k ; g gS fd bl d k l : j , d ckj O; fDr d ks p<+ t k; s r ks fQjmr j r k ugha A vFkkZr ml s ckj&ckj cqfu; knh u' kksa d s vuql kj i huh ugha i M+r h A

fot ; % bl u' ks d ks fd l i zd kj fi ; k t kr k gS \

vt hr % ; g i z' u t gk¡ vi us vki esa fofp=k gS A ogk¡ mr uk t fVy Hkh gS A bl d smÙkj l s i gys gesa ; g t kuuk t : jh gS fd l k/ kj . k u' kk d jus okys D; ksa i hr s gSa \ esjs fopkjl s l k/ kj . k yksxksa d k u' kk d jus d k eq[ ; d kj . k gksr k gS vi us efLr "d d ks vpsr voLFkkesa d juk ft l l s og vi uh d qN l e; d s fy, l q/ cq/ [ kks nsa r Fkk nqfu; k l s cs[ kcj nq%[ kksafpUr kvksa l s nwj d qN {k. k vkuan esa O; r hr d jsa A

bl d k vFkZ gS euq"; v i us efLr "d d ks ' kkUr d jus d k i z; Ru d j r k gS ; k ogefLr "d esa , d ' kwU; voLFkk ykuk pkgr k gS A ft l l s og vkuane; t hou t h; s A i jUr q; g l c euq"; ksa d ks fey ugha i kr k A D; ksafd d f=ke u' ks {kf. kd gksr s gSa r Fkk cgqr t Ynhvi uk i zHkko [ kks nsr s gSa A ft l l s euq"; fQj l s mUgha my>uksa esa vi us d ks f?kjk gqvk i kr kgS A bl d s foi jhr uke egkj l ; k i zkd fr d u' kk d jus okys vi us fopkjksa d ks fcYd qy cUnd j vi uk è; ku , d d sUnz fcUnq , d vksad kj i j d sfUnzr d j r s gSa r Fkk fd l h , d ' kCn l si zHkq d ks l Ecks/ u d j r s jgr s gSa A bl l Ecks/ u d jus d s l e; esa og O; fDr ml fujkd kji zHkq d s ckjs esa vi us fopkj ' kfDr l s ml d s gksus ; k u gksus r Fkk : i ] jax ; k vkd kj d s fo"k;esa Hkh vuqeku ugha yxkr k A u gh fd l h i zd kj d h , sl h d Yi uk d j r k gS A og d soyvuqHko d jr k gS A Bhd ml h i zd kj ft l i zd kj ge / wi esa cSBs l w; Z d h xehZ vuqHko d jr sgSa A i jUr q ge ml d s fo"k; esa vuqeku ugha yxkr s fd og fd r uk xeZ] fd r uk cM+k r Fkkfd r uk nwj gksxk bR; kfn A

{297}

l q[ knso % ; g uke vH; kl D; k gS \

vt hr % i zHkq esa vHksnr k i zkIr d jus d h fØ; k d ks uke vH; kl d gr s gSa A

t Qj % ; g r sjk uke egkj l Hkh cqM~<s gksus i j t +: j i h d s ns[ ksaxs A

vt hr % t ks d k; Z vki ; qokoLFkk esa ugh d j i k; s A og d k; Z vki cq<+ki s esa d Hkh Hkhugha d j l d r s \

t Qj % l Hkh yksx Hkt u cUnxh d s fy, cq<+ki s d h gh voLFkk d ks Bhd cr kr s gSa A

vt hr % vki us ft u yksxksa d h bl i zd kj d h ckr sa l quh gSa A og bl fo"k; esa fcYd qyHkh vuqHko ugha j [ kr s A D; ksafd mUgksaus d Hkh bcknr ugha d h A bcknr d juk Hkh mr ukgh d fBu gS ft r uk fo| k ; k / u vft Zr d juk A fo| k i kuk ; k / u i zkIr d juk cq<+ki s esaugha gks l d r k A D; ksafd ml l e; ' kjhj l kFk ugha nsr k A bl h i zd kj uke egkj l i huk Hkhcgqr d fBu dk; Z gS A bl esa Hkh , d ; qok ' kjhj d h vfr vko' ; d r k gS A bl d s fy, HkDrQjhn t h d k d Fku gS &

ns[ kq Qjhnk t q Fkhvk] nk<+h gksbZ Hkwj AA

vxgq usM+k vkbvk] fi Nk j fgvk nwfj AA

i "B ùý÷ø

; Fkk

j axq ekf. k yS fi vkfj vk t k t ksouq um gqyk AA

fnu FkksM+M+s Fkd s Hkbvk i qj k. kk pksyk AA

i "B üý

vFkkZr i zHkq d s i kl t kus d s fy, FkksM+s gh fnu jg x; s gSa A ' kjhj cq<+k gks pyk gS r FkkFkd k gkjk gS A bl fy, bl ' kjhj l s uke egkj l i huk Hkh cgqr d fBu gS A

{298}

vt hr % bl d s fy, eSa ; g d g l d r k gw¡ A ft l i zd kj t hou esa vPNh cqjh vknr sa; qokoLFkk ds i zkjEHk esa gh i M+ t kr h gSa ; g cq<+ki s r d vDl j cuh jgr h gS A Bhd bl h i zd kjfpUr u euu d juk ; k uke egkj l i hus d h vknr Hkh ; qokoLFkk esa gh i M+r h gS A cq<+ki s esa; g d k; Z d juk v l EHko r ks ugha d fBu t : j gS A D; ksafd cq<+ki s esa t hou esa ; d k; di fjor Zu ykuk dksbZ l jy dk; Z ugha gS A l p r ks ; g gS fd bl uk' koku ' kjhj d k D; k Hkjksl kfd vkt gS d y ugha A D; k ekywe gekjh vk; q nh?kZ gqbZ Hkh r ks cq<+ki s esa ; g ' kjhj u ekywefd u i fj fLFkr ; ksa esa f?kjk gqvk gksxk A u t kus gesa r c r d d bZ ' kkjhfjd jksx yx pqd s gksaxsAft l d kj . k ge nwl jksa d s eksgr kt gks t k, axs A , sl h n' kk esa r c ge D; k [ kkd uke egkj lfi ; saxs A

t Qj % pyks HkbZ; k Bhd gS A eq>s Hkh vHkh l s uke egkj l i huk fl [ kk nks A

vt hr % l cl s i gyh ckr l h[ kus d h gS fd , d cr Zu esa vxj d ksbZ xanh oLr q i M+h gksr ks ge ml h xanh oLr q okys cr Zu eas ' kq¼ nw/ Mky nsa r ks ml d k D; k gksxk \

t Qj % og nw/ Hkh [ kjkc gks t k; sxk A

vt hr % cl bl h ckr d ks xq# ukud nso t h us bl i zd kj cr k; k gS µ

HkkaMk / ksb cSfl / wi nsogq r m nq/ S d m t kogq AA

i "B ÷üø

ngh t ekus d s fy, or Zu d ks l kQ d jd s / wi esa l w[ kkuk gksr k gS A vFkkZr or ZuLoPN d juk vfuok; Z gS A Bhd bl i zd kj uke vH; kl d s fy, ' kq¼ vkgkj r Fkk xyrckr ksa d k R; kx vo' ; d gS A bl h ckr d ks l e>us d s fy, xq#nso vi uh ok. kh esa bl i zd kjHkh d gr s gSa µ

j l q l qbuk j l q #i k d kef. k j l q i j ey d h okl q AA

j l q ?kksM+s j l q l st k eanj j l q ehBk j l q ekl q AA

, r s j l l j hj d s d S ?kfV uke fuokl q AAi "B ûÿ

{299}

bl d k Hkko gS ; fn vki uke egkj l i huk pkgr s gSa r ks t ks vki feF; k j l d s Loknksaesa i M+s gSa A mud ks R; kxks A ; gk¡ ; g feF; k j l & l ksuk] pk¡nh] vkSj r ] i j fuUnk]vPNh&vPNh l okjh] vPNs&vPNs ed ku] vPNs Lokfn"V [ kk| i nkFkZ] ' kjkc] ekal ]bR; kfn] mnkgj . k l keus j [ kd j cr k; k gS fd ; fn bl r jg l kal kfjd j l ksa d s eksg esa ; fnge Mwcs jgsaxs r ks bl r jg d s eksg Þn; esa j [ kd j ge vi us ?kV esa uke j l d ks fLFkj ughaj[ k l d r s A

l q[ knso % r qe nqfu; k Hkj d h Kku d h ckr as d j r s gks A D; k r qEgkjk t hou Hkh br ukmTt oy gS \

vt hr % eSa ; g ekur k gw¡ fd t c r d vi us Lo; a d k t hou pfj=k vknZ' k* u gks r ksnwl jksa d ks mi ns' k ugha nsuk pkfg, A , sl s O; fDr ; ksa d s fy, Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h , d jpukesa fy[ kk gS µ

voj mi nsl S vkfi u d jS AA

vkor t kor t ueS ejS AA

i "B üöù

foDVj % r qeus =kqfV; ksa d h ckr d gh gS A eSa bl ckr l s l ger gw¡ fd vkt d s ; qxesa ' kk; n gh d ksbZ O; fDr gks t ks i w. kZ : i esa / kfeZd xzaFkksa d s mi ns' kksa i j vkn' kZ t hou t hr kgks A mi ns' k r ks yk[ kksa gSa i j vey esa d kSu ykr k gS \

t Qj % vt hr eSa i gys Hkh cgqr l h ; qfuVksa esa jg pqd k gw¡ A cgqr l s fl D[ kksa d ks vi usO; ogkfjd t hou eas ns[ kk Hkh gS r Fkk d bZ; ksa d s l kFk r ks cgqr ?kfu"B l Ei d Z jgk gS i jUr qt ks r qeus fl D[ kksa d h i fjHkk"kk cr kbZ Fkh A oSl s r ks yxHkx d ksbZ fn[ kkbZ ugha nsr k D; ksafd vf/d ka' k fd l h u fd l h : i eas r Eckd w [ kkr s ns[ ks t kr s gSa A nk<+h d kVh gqbZ gksr h gS A os' ; k ; knwl jh vkSj r ksa d s i kl Hkh t kr s ns[ kk gS r Fkk d bZ; ksa d ks r ks eSaus gyky ekal Hkh [ kkr s ns[ kk gSAmud k d guk gksr k gS fd bu ckr ksa l s D; k vUr j i M+r k gS A fl D[ kh r ks eu d h gksr h gs Aer yc r ks gS fny d ks l e>kuk pkgs ; g ekus] pkgs u ekus A bl d s vfr fjDr yxHkx ' kjkcr ks eSaus gj fl [ k d ks i hr s ns[ kk gS A

{300}

vt hr % vki d k d guk Bhd gS A bl d s d bZ d kj . k gSa µ i gyk] ; qok i h<+h t c ?kjksal s nwj jgus yxr h gS r ks mu i j cM+s&ct qxks± d k vd qa' k l ekIr gks t kr k gS ft l l s osvk/ qfud r k d h vkM+ esa ns[ kk ns[ kh euekuh d jus yxr s gSa A nwl jk] d qN , d d ks r ks vYivk; q esa vi uh l H; r k] bfr gkl r Fkk fl ¼kar ksa d k Kku gh ugha gksr k ft l l s os HkVd t kr sgSa A r hl jk] os yksx Hkh / hjs&/ hjs i r u d h vksj c<+us yxr s gSa t ks l Rl ax esa l fEefyr gksukNksM+ nsr s gS A pkSFkk] okLr o esa vki d k l Ei d Z ft u yksxksa l s gS A mud k i s' kk gksr k gS MªkbZoj; k eSd Sfud vFkkZr VSDuhf' k; u bR; kfn A ; g yksx yxHkx l Hkh cnuke gh gksr s gSa Hkys ghfd l h l Ei znk; d s gksa A bl d s vfr fjDr bu yksxksa esa vf/ d ka' k vui <+ r Fkk vl H; gSa Aft Ugksaus d Hkh d ksbZ vi uk fl ¼kar gh ugha cuk; k r Fkk bUgksaus / kfeZd ckr ksa esa u : fp ysuhgS u gh fd l h i zd kj d k vè; ; u d juk gS A vr % buesa r Fkk Hknzi q: "kksa (gentlemen)esa d qN vUr j gksr k gS A t gk¡ r d Å¡ps pfj=k d k i z' u gS fd l h l Pps fl [ k d s ; fn r qen' kZu d juk pkgr s gks r ks r qe fd l h ver / kj . k fd ; s gq, O; fDr d s t hou d ks fud V l sns[ kus d h d ksf' k' k d jks A og okLr o esa xq# xksfcUn fl a?k t h d s mi ns' kksa r Fkk fl ¼kar ksa i jpyus okyk l Ppk fl [ k gksr k gS A

t Qj % r qEgkjk d guk Bhd gS A i jUr q eSaus r ks mu yksxksa d ks Hkh ns[ kk gS t ks i <+s fy[ ksgSa r Fkk Å¡ps i nksa i j gS A

vt hr % mu i j vi us&vi us ?kj ds jgu&l gu r Fkk t hou pfj=k d k vl j gksr k gSAl PpkbZ r ks ; g gS t Sl s fd fl [ k ' kCn l s fofnr gS f' k"; A l Ppk f' k"; ; k fl [ k og gS t ksxq: d s l Eeq[ k fo| kFkhZ cud j mud k mi ns' k / kj . k d js ; k vè; ; u d js A

Jo. k % r sjh ckr esa r ks d qN r F; gS A i jUr q vkt d s fl D[ kksa r Fkk i qjkr u fl D[ kksad s t hou pfj=k esa cgqr var j vk x; k gS A bl d k D; k d kj . k gS \

vt hr % t gk¡ r d i qjkr u fl D[ kksa d k i z' u gS A ml l e; fl D[ kksa i j yk[ kksa i zd kjd h foi fÙk; k¡ Fkh A fo' ks"kd j eqxy l kezkT; us fl [ k gksuk xSj d kuwuh ?kksf"kr fd ; k gqvk FkkAbl fy, ml l e; ogh O; fDr fl [ k cur s Fks t ks xq#nso d s pj . kksa esa vi uk r u eu / uvfi Zr d j nsr s Fks r Fkk ml l e; t Uet kr fl [ k d ksbZ ugha Fkk A i jUr q vkt vf/ d ka' k

{301}

fl [ k t Uet kr gSa bl fy, eu d s n<+ r ks d e ns[ kus d ks feyr s gSa A d soy bl fy, fd vcfl [ k cuus d h t hou vFkok eR; q t Sl h d ksbZ d l kSVh ugha gS A l cl s cM+h ckr gS fd , s' o; Zd s d kj . k os xq: l s cseq[ k gks x; s gSa A bl fy, mud s pfj=k esa fxjkoV vk jgh gS A xq# t hus d gk gS µ

j gr I; kj h eq> d ks fl [ k I; kj k ukgha AA

bl h okr kZyki esa jksy d ky d k l e; gks t kr k gS r Fkk l Hkh jksy d ky esa l fEefyr gksusi gq¡p t kr s gSa A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ l Hkh [ kkuk [ kkr s gSa r Fkk foJke d s fy, vi us&vi us foLr jksai j i gq¡p t kr s gSa A

jRu % vkt v[ kckj i <+us ugha pyuk \

vt hr % vkt eu ugha gS A cl ; gh Vªkaft LVj l s l ekpkj l qu yw¡xk A

jRu % pyks ; kj ogha d qN nsj xi ' ki pysxh A

vt hr % ugha HkbZ; k] eSa bl i f=kd k d k vè; ; u d j jgk gw¡ A ; g i f=kd k eq>s oki ld juh gS ugha r ks ; g v/ wjh jg t k; sxh A

jRu % ; g i f=kd k fd l d h gS \ bl esa fd l fo"k; i j fy[ kk gqvk gS \

vt hr % ; g i f=kd k eSa vor kj fl g l s ek¡x d j yk; k gw¡ A og , d / kfeZd l aLFkk l s; g i f=kd k gj eghus eaxokr s gSa r Fkk bl esa xq# ukud nso t h d s fe' u d k i zpkj gS A

jRu % xq# ukud nso t h d k t hou , d vn~Hkqr r Fkk vkn' kZe; Fkk A bl esa d ksbZvfr ' k; ksfDr ugha A

t Qj % xq# ukud nso t h dh gekjs ; gk¡ Hkh cgqr ekU; r k gS A mud ks ge yksx gt +jrckck ukud d gr s gSa A

fot ; % og , d vykSfd d ' kfDr d s Lokeh Fks A

{302}

foDVj % vt hr HkkbZ , d r jQ r qe d gr s gks fd gekjs ; gk¡ d jkekr ; k d fj ' esfn[ kkuk euk gS A nwl jh r jQ r qe d gr s gks fd xq# ukud nso t h vykSfd d ' kfDr d sLokeh Fks r Fkk mud s t hou esa mud h d bZ d jkekr sa ns[ kus d ks feyh gSa A t Sl s oyh d a/ kjhus mu i j , d cM+h pV~Vku Qsad h r ks mUgksaus vi uk , d gkFk vkxs d jd s og pV~Vku oghai j jksd nh ft l esa vkt Hkh i Ut s d s fu' kku gSa A

vt hr % eSa vki yksxksa d ks i gys Hkh cr k pqd k gw¡ fd vykSfd d ' kfDr nks i zd kj d hgksr h gS A i gyh ½f¼ r Fkk nwl jh fl f¼ A fl f¼; ksa d ks i z; ksx esa ykus d s fy, t U=k] eU=kr Fkk r U=k d jus i M+r s gSa A i jUr q ½f¼ , d l gt Hkko l s mRi Uu gksus okyh ' kfDr gS At ks fd l h O; fDr fo' ks"k esa gj {k. k l ekbZ jgr h gS A bl ' kfDr d s i z; ksx d s fy, ml O; fDrd ks d qN Hkh ugha d juk gksr k A d soy mud h d Yi uk gh l R; : i / kj . k d jr h t kr h gS A; g fØ; k Lo; a gh gksr h gs A D; ksafd i zd fr ml O; fDr d s i hNs gks ysr h gS A , sl k O; fDrvxj l gt Hkko l s d ksbZ ' kCn eq¡g l s fud kyr k gS r ks og Hkh l R; gh gksr k gS A bu ckr ksaesa mud k d ksbZ gkFk ugha gksr k A D; ksafd og Lo; a ; g l c d qN d jus d s fy, eu l s d HkhHkh ugha l kspr s u gh d qN d jus d s fy, d ksbZ i z; Ru d j r s gSa A ge nwl js ' kCnksa esa ; g d gl d r s gSa fd i zHkq Lo; a mu O; fDr ; ksa d s vax&l ax gksr k gS A vc ge d g l d r s gSa fd ogd jkekr fn[ kkr s ugha A og Lo; a i zxV gks t kr h gS D; ksafd i zHkq us bu HkDr x. kksa d h j {kkd juh gksr h gS A ; gk¡ r d xq# ukud nso t h d k i z' u gS A mud s t hou d h i zR; sd ?kVuk, d vnHkqr gS A t ks i zR; {k d ks i zek. k d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha gksr h A mnkgj. k d s fy,vkt l s 500 o"kZ i woZ xq#nso t h us gt kjksa ehy yEch ; k=kk dh A t cfd ml l e; ; kr k; krd s l k/ u Fks gh ugha r Fkk mUgksaus vf/ d ; k=kk, a nqxZe LFkkuksa r d d h gSa A; gha i j cl ughaAog t gk¡ Hkh x; s mUgksaus ogk¡ l k/ kj . k t ur k d k eu t hr k r Fkk mud ks mUgha d h Hkk"kk esami ns' k fn; k A t cfd vkt ge bl oSKkfud ; qx esa , d &nwl js d k eu ugha t hr l d r sr Fkk ge Hkkj r d h gh nwl jh Hkk"kkvksa l s fcYd qy vufHkK gSa A gesa nwl js i zns' kksa eas ?kqer s gq,cgqr l e; gks pqd k gS r Fkk gekjh gh ; qfuV esa nf{k. k Hkkj r d s i zkUr ksa d s l Sfud cgql a[ ; kesa gSa A r c Hkh ge mud h Hkk"kk d ks fcYd qy l e> ugha i kr s A ckr ; gha i j l ekIr ughagksr h A vkt ge yksx vi us gh cPpksa d s eu i j Hkh ' kkl u ugha d j i kr s A i jUr q mUgksausyk[ kksa yksxksa d s ân; i j ' kkl u fd ; k A t ks fd Hkk¡fr &Hkk¡fr d s fopkjksa okys r Fkk

{303}

Hkk¡fr &Hkk¡fr d h Hkk"kkvksa okys Fks A ; g ' kkl u Hkh d soy I; kj d k Fkk t ks fd ogk¡ i j vktr d ns[ kus d ks feyr k gS A bl fy, fr Ccr esa xq# ukud nso t h d ks ukud ykek d gr sgSa r Fkk vjc esa gt j r ckck ukud d g d j ; kn d j r s gSa A

fot ; % d qN yksxksa d k d Fku gS fd t c xq# xksfcUn fl a?k us vi us i k¡p f' k"; ksa d ksver / kj . k d jk; k r ks mUgksaus i k¡pksa f' k"; ksa d ks vi us r Ecw esa [ kM+k d j fn; k Fkk r Fkk mud sLFkku i j i k¡p cd js d kV fn; Fks A

vt hr % HkbZ; k eSa bl cgl esa ugh my>uk pkgr k A cl br uk d gw¡xk fd i zR; {k d ksi zek. k d h vko' ; d r k ugha gksr h A D; k ; g ckr d e gS fd i k¡p f' k"; ksa d ks yyd kjk t kjgk gS fd gS d ksbZ t ks eq>s vi uk fl j HksaV esa ns r Fkk l kFk gh [ kwu l s l uh gqbZ r yokjckj&ckj fn[ kkbZ t k jgh gS r ks LoHkkfod gS l cdk Hk; Hkhr gksuk A bl xEHkhj r Fkk Hk; Hkhrokr koj . k esa ft u f' k"; ksa us vi us xq# i j J¼k&HkfDr j [ kr s gq, vi us vki d ks xq#nso d spj . kksa esa l efi Zr fd ; k os r ks / U; gSa gh A i jUr q l cl s c<+d j / U; r ks mud s xq#nso gSa Aft u i j mud ks br uh vi kj J¼k HkfDr gS A okLr o esa ; g i jh{kk d h ?kM+h Fkh A ; g i k¡pgh f' k"; bl esa l oZi zFke mÙkh. kZ gq, A r kRi ; Z ; g gS fd mu f' k"; ksa us r ks vi uh r jQ l sxq#nso d ks vi us fl j HksaV esa ns fn; s Fks A ; g i z' u vc vyx l s gSa fd xq#nso us mud s fl jd kVs ; k cd js A vc ge bl ?kVuk d ks vkt d s l anHkZ esa d g l d r s gSa fd muesa usr Rod jus d h Hkh vn~Hkqr {ker k Fkh A t cfd vkt d s ; qx esa ge yksx vi us gh i k¡p HkkbZ; ksad ks l kFk feyd j pyus d s fy, ugha d g l d r s A bl h ckr d ks eq[ ; j [ kd j r c xq#nsot h us d gk Fkk µ

l ok yk[ k l s , d yM+kÅ¡ AA

r cS xksfcUn fl a?k uke d gkaÅ AA

cynso % (cSBr s gq, ) eSa r ks ukfLr d vkneh gw¡ A bl fy, r qEgkjh ckr sa l quus yxk Fkkfd bZ' oj uke d h oLr q i j yksx d Sl s fo' okl d j ysr s gSa \

vt hr % bZ' oj d s vfLr Ro d ks u Lohd kj d jus d k D; k d kj . k gS \ i gys r ks ; ggekjk ' kjhj gh ml d h vn~Hkqr jpuk gS A

{304}

cynso % eSa r ks bZ' oj uke d h fd l h ' kfDr d s vfLr Ro d ks Lohd kj gh ugha d j r k AD; ksafd eq>s d ksbZ Hkh vkt r d ml d s gksus d k i zR; {k i zek. k ugha ns i k; k A t gk¡ r d bl' kjhj d k i z' u gS ; g esjs ek¡ cki }kjk eq>s fn; k x; k gS A

vt hr % HkbZ; k vxj r qe pkgks r ks eSa r qEgkjh bl ' kad k d k l ek/ ku d jus d k i z; Rud j r k gw¡ A

cynso % D; ksa ugha] r qe Hkh eq> l s ekFkk i Pph d j d s ns[ k yks A

vt hr % ; kj r sjk VªsM oSYMj d k gS bl fy, r qe bl ckr d ks Hkyh&Hkk¡fr t kur s gks fdgeus t gk¡ oSfYMax d juh gksr h gS ogk¡ ge vFkZ yhM yxk nsr s gSa r Fkk ml t kWc d ks ckn esaoSYM d j r s gSa A eku yks t kWc* d ksbZ cgqr cM+h e' khu gS r ks vFkZ yhM ml e' khu d s d ksusesa , d LFkku i j yxk; saxs A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ oSfYMax fd l h Hkh t xg d jsa A ogk¡ gj LFkku i jgesa d jUV feysxk A vc eq>s cr kvks d jUV ml l eLr e' khu esa l ek; k gqvk fn[ kkbZ D; kasugha nsr k \

cynso % eSa i ksft fVo yhM l s t c e' khu d h ckMh d ks oSfYMax d : ¡xk r ks d jUV Li "Vfn[ kkbZ nsxk A

vt hr % fcYd qy Bhd gS A ml l e; d jUV Li "V : i esa i zxV gks t k; sxk A ; fneSa ml h l e; fi Nys d ksus l s vFkZ yhM gVk nw¡ r ks \

cynso % r ks Li "V gs i kSft fVo yhM Li ' kZ d jus i j Hkh ckMh esa d jUV mRi Uu gksr sfn[ kkbZ ugha nsxk A

vt hr % cl eSa Hkh ; g d guk pkgr k gw¡ fd ml i zHkq d h T; ksfr gj i zk. kh esa l ekbZ gqbZgS A Bhd ml h i zd kj t Sl s e' khu eas d jUV r Fkk og gj ml LFkku i j i zxV gks t kr k gS At gk¡ d ksbZ Hkh i zk. kh v i us eu d k i kSft fVo d uSD' ku ml d s l kFk t ksM+r k gS A bl d svfr fjDr gj og i zk. kh t M+ gks t kr k gS ; k ej t kr k gS A Bhd ml e' khu d h r jg t ci zHkq uSxsfVo : i h v i uh l Ùkk gVk ysr k gS A

{305}

cynso % ; g ckr dqN t Pkh gS A i jUr q O; fDr t ks Hkh d k; Z d jr k gS og vi uh fgEerl s d j r k gS A i jUr q yksx ml d k Js; Hkh i zHkq d ks nsr s gSa fd ; g ml h d h d i k l s l Ei Uugqvk gS A ; g d gk¡ r d Bhd gS \

vt hr % t Sl s vki oSfYMax d j r s gSa A ; g vki d k d eZ gS A d eks± d s fy, i zk. khLor U=k gS A i jUr q vki vi uh d kjhxjh d h ; ksX; r k i j vfHkeku i zkjEHk d juk ' kq: d j nsar ks og xyr h gksxh A Bhd bl h i zd kj vki oSfYMax d j r s l e; t kWc d s vuql kj d jUVc<+kr s r Fkk d e d jr s jgr s gSA A vxj vki d ks vki d h vko' ; d r k vuql kj d jUV u feysr ks D; k vki d soy vi uh d kjhxjh ; k ; ksX; r k d s cycwr s i j t kWc l Qyr ki woZd i wjk d jl d saxs \ d n~kfi ugha A t Sl s vki d ks vi uh vko' ; d r k vuql kj d jUV pkfg, A Bhd bl hi zd kj i zHkq us fd Ugha fo' ks"k O; fDr ; ksa esa vi uh T; ksfr l Ùkk d k d qN vf/ d va' k mud ks nsfn; k gksr k gS ft l l s os yksx l ekt esa l Qyr k l s d k; Z d jr s gSa r Fkk mud k r st + i zr ki cukgqvk gksr k gS A ; g l c d qN i zHkq d h d i k l s gh l EHko gksr k gS A bl okr kZ d s i ' pkr ~ l Hkh, d &nwl js d ks ' kqHkjkf=k d gd j vi us&vi us fcLr j i j pys t kr s gSa A

(vxyh l qcg)

vxyh l qcg l Hkh ugk&/ ksd j o i wt k&i kB d j vi uh&vi uh r S; kjh esa t qVs gq, gksr sgSa r Hkh eSl Cok; ] gfjd k cgknqj vkr k gS vkSj vt hr d ks d gr k gS µ vki d ks osV d SaUVhubUpkt Z us cqyk; k gS A

vt hr % vPNk mul s d g nks & eSa vk jgk gw¡ A

fot ; % j l xqYys r Fkk l eksl ksa d s vkMZj d s fo"k; esa gh r qEgsa egs' k fl ag* us cqyk; kgksxkA

foDVj % egs' k r ks fl [ k ugha gS A og d Sl s fl ag* gks x; k \

fot ; % fl ag* ml d h t kfr gS A

foDVj % fl ag* ' kCn d k vFkZ D; k gS \

{306}

fot ; % ; g ckr r ks vki d ks vt hr gh cr k; sxk i jUr q eSa br uk t kur k gw¡ fl D[ kksa d svfr fjDr d qN ohj* t kfr ; k¡ vkSj Hkh gSa t ks vi us ukeksa d s l kFk fl ag* ' kCn d k i z; ksxd jr h gS A t Sl s & t kV] jkt i wr ] xksj [ ks] x<+okyh r Fkk Mksxjs] bR; kfn A

vt hr % fl ag* ' kCn d k vFkZ l aLd r Hkk"kk d s vuql kj ' ksj gS vFkkZr ohj&; ks¼k A t gk¡r d fl D[ kksa d s ukeksa d k i z' u gS mud s ukeksa d s vUr esa fl a?k ' kCn d k i z; ksx vfuok; Z gSD; ksafd ; g ' kCn gekj s xq# us v i us i q=k ekud j gesa fn; k gS ckd h vk/ k uke gekj sekr k&fi r k j [ kus d k vf/ d kj j [ kr s gSa A

fot ; % vki yksx fl ag* ' kCn d ks fl a?k* esjk er yc gS g* d h t xg ?k* D; ksafy[ kr s gSa \

vt hr % t c d ksbZ ' kCn l aLd r l s LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa vi uk : i cnyd j i zkd r cut kr k gS r ks LFkkuh; yksx vi uh Hkk"kk esa ukeksa d k Hkh mPpkj . k d jr s gSa A mnkgj. k d s fy,& esjs fe=k d k uke gS t l chj fl a?k i jUr q bl d k l aLd r esa : i gksxk ; ' kohj fl ag A , sl sgh , d O; fDr d k uke gS jke* i jUr q d sjyk {ks=kh; O; fDr d k uke gksxk jkeu* bR; kfnA

r Hkh vor kj fl a?k vt hr d ks feyus pyk vkr k gS A

vor kj % vt hr r qeus og ekfl d i f=kd k i <+ yh gS fd ugha \

vt hr % vHkh r ks , d vk/ vè; k; jgr k gS A fo' ks"kd j l r xq: ckck ukud * okykA

foDVj % ckbZcy d h , d d Fkk esa gS fd ; h' kq el hg l kfgc d ks , d J¼kyq us l r xq:d gd s l Ecks/ u fd ; k r ks ; h' kq el hg l kfgc us bl ckr d k fojks/ fd ; k fd eSa l r xq: ughagw¡ D; ksafd eSa l R; ugha gw¡ A eSa uk' koku ' kjhj fy, gq, gw¡ A d soy , d ek=k l R; i zHkq ghgS A og vej gS A i jUr q r qe yksx v i us xq: t uksa d ks l r xq: D; ksa d gr s gks \

vt hr % vi us vFkks± esa ; h' kq el hg t h d k fopkj Hkh fcYd qy Bhd Fkk A i jUr q gekjkl r xq: d gus d k mn~ns' ; gh vyx gksr k gS A gekjk l r xq: ' kCn d s mPpkj. k l s r kRi ; Z gSfd og xq# t ks l R; d k cks/ gesa d jkr k gS vFkkZr l R; d h f' k{kk nsus okyk vè; ki d A

{307}

ft l i zdkj vyx&vyx f' k{kkvksa (fo"k; ksa) d s vyx&vyx vè; ki d gksr s gSa r Fkk mud ksl Ecks/ u d j r s l e; ge d gr s gSa fd ; g vè; ki d vaxzst +h d k gS r Fkk ; g vè; ki dbfr gkl d k gS A Bhd bl h i zd kj ge ml O; fDr fo' ks"k d ks l Rxq: d gr s gSa t ks Lo; a i gysl R; dh i zkfIr d j pqd k gks r Fkk vc t u l k/ kj. k d ks l R; d h i zkfIr d k ekxZ n' kZu d jr kgks A

r Hkh i jsM l e; gks t kr k gS r Fkk l Hkh Qkfyu gksus d s fy, cSfjd ksa l s ckgj vk t kr s gSaAvkt QLV i jsM ds i ' pkr ~~ vt hr goynkj est j l s dgd j ?kks"k.kk d jokr k gS fd esjh r jQl s l Hkh yksxksa d ks vkt ' kke d ks pk; i kVhZ d k fuea=k. k gS A ; g pk; i kVhZ eSa vi us i q=k d st Ue d h [ kq' kh esa ns jgk gw¡ A bl i j l c r kfy; k¡ ct kd j fuea=k. k d s fy, Lohd fr i znkud j r s gSa A vkt [ kkus d h NqV~Vh d s i ' pkr ~~ vt hr r Fkk ml d s l kFkh od Z' kki esa vkfQl jl kfgc l s d gd j NqV~Vh d j ysr s gSa r Fkk od Z' kki ugha vkr s A [ kkuk [ kkus d s r qjUr ckn; g fe=k yksx oSV d SUVhu esa ?kql t kr s gSa r Fkk IysVas Xykl bR; kfn fxur s gSa A i jUr q vHkh[ kk| l kexzh r S; kj gksus esa d qN nsj gS A l Hkh fe=k ogha b/ j&m/ j d h xIi sa yxkus esa O; Lrgks t kr s gSa A

foDVj % vc r sj s nks yM+d s gks x; s gSa A vHkh vkSj l ar ku d jus d k bjknk gS ; k ughaA

vt hr % vkt d h fo' o O; ki h l eL; kvksa d ks ns[ kr s gq, ; g nks l ar kusa cgqr gSa A

fot ; % bl l e; fo' o d h yxHkx fd r uh vkcknh gS \

vt hr % yxHkx pkj vjc A

fot ; % l cl s vf/ d vkcknh fd u d h gS r Fkk fd r uh gS \

vt hr % l cl s vf/ d vkcknh fØ' p; uksa d h gS r Fkk d qy , d vjc nl d jksM+ gS A

fot ; % fl D[ kksa d h t ul a[ ; k fd r uh gS \

vt hr % l cl s d e d soy nks d jksM+ d s yxHkx A

fot ; % fl D[ kksa d h l a[ ; k br uh d e D; ksa gS \

{308}

vt hr % fl [ k i aFk d h mRi fÙk d ks dksbZ vf/ d l e; ugha gqvk r Fkk fd l h Hkh l Ei znk;d s i zpkj d s fy, jkt uSfr d ' kfDr d h Hkh vfr vko' ; d r k gksr h gS A t ks fl D[ kksa d s i klugha gS A bl d s l kFk fl D[ kksa d s d qN fu; e fl ¼kar gSa A ft l d kj . k pfj=kghu r Fkk d k; jO; fDr fl D[ kh d ks NksM+ i r u d h vksj c<+ t kr s gSa A

foDVj % vkf[ kj fl [ k i aFk esa , sl h D; k fo' ks"kr k gS fd u; s yksx bl s Js"B l Ei znk;ekud j vi uk; sa \

vt hr % bl fo"k; esa eSa d qN d gw¡xk r ks vki d s eu i j ; g i zHkko cuk jgsxk fd eSat Ue l s fl [ k gw¡ A bl fy, LoHkkfod gS eSa fl [ k fl ¼kar d s fo"k; esa t ks d g jgk gw¡ A ogesjk O; fDr xr Lusg d s d kj . k gS bl fy, eSa vki d ks , d l Pph vkSj cgqr i zfl ¼ d qN o"kZi gys Hkkj r d s vkxjk uxj esa ?kVh ?kVuk l qukr k gw¡ t ks vi us vki esa , d vn~Hkqr d s l kFkvknZ' ki w. kZ Hkh gS A

yxHkx vkt l s 28 o"kZ i woZ l u~ 1952 esa vkxjk uxj d s U; k; ky; d k U; k; / h' kft ud k uke eqgEen nhu Fkk A mUgksaus vi us d k; Z d ky esa vusd ksa O; fDr ; ksa d ks ' ki FkfnyokbZ t ks fd vyx&vyx l Ei znk; ksa d s vuq; k; h Fks A mud s ân; esa , d d Yi uk ust Ue fy; k fd l Hkh l Ei znk; okys esjs l Eeq[ k ' ki Fk ysr s gSa A i jUr q d kSu l s yksx vf/ d r jl Pph ' ki Fk ysr s gSa r Fkk vi us bZ"V i j vFkkg fo' okl j [ kr s gSa A vr % mUgksaus bl d k; Z d sfy, l osZ{k. k d jus d h Bku yh A , d fnu mUgksaus vi uh os' kHkw"kk cny yh r Fkk jkr d sl e; ekSyoh l kfgc l s fouez i zkFkZuk d h fd eSa eql kfQj gw¡ vr % eq>s jkr Hkj Bgjus r Fkk[ kkus d k l gkjk pkfg, A bl i j ekSyoh l kfgc us nks Vwd mÙkj fn; k ekQ d juk ; gk¡ [ kkusd k d ksbZ i zcU/ ugha gS r Fkk jguk pkgr s gks r ks fd l h eql kfQj [ kkus pys t kvks A ; g mÙkjl qu og fQj , d cM+s efUnj esa x; s r Fkk ogk¡ i j Hkh i afMr t h d s l Eeq[ k ; gh i z' u j [ kk AmUgksaus Hkh Li "V mÙkj fn; k HkDr x. k t h ; gk¡ i j jgus r Fkk [ kkus d h d ksbZ O; oLFkk ugha gSAbl d s i ' pkr ~~ og U; k; / h' k t h fxj t s i gq¡ps A ogk¡ i j Hkh mUgksaus i knjh l kfgc l s ; gh i z' ucgqr fouezr k l s nksgjk; k r Fkk d gk Qknj eq>s jkr fcr kus r Fkk [ kkus d h t : j r gS A bli j Qknj us vl eFkZr k i zd V d j r s gq, d gk eq>s vQl ksl gS fd eSa vki d h bl i zd kj d hd ksbZ l gk; r k ugha d j i kÅ¡xk A r Hkh eqgEen~nhu l kfgc fujk' k gksd j vkxjk d s ekbZ Fkku

{309}

uked xq#}kjs i gq¡ps A ; gh i z' u ogk¡ i j mUgksaus fd ; k A r c jkr d kQh gks pqd h Fkh A ogk¡d s l soknkjksa us mul s r qjUr d gk A vki gkFk eq¡g / ksysa r Fkk yaxj esa pys vkvks A ogha i jcSBd j i z' kknk Nd ks (Hkkst u d jks) r c D; k Fkk A eqgEennhu l kfgc [ kkuk [ kkus i gq¡p x; sr Fkk mUgksaus Hkj i sV Hkkst u fd ; k A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ fQj mUgksaaus jkr Hkj Bgjus d s fy, LFkkud h i zkFkZuk d h A r Hkh , d l soknkj t h mud ks vi us l kFk LVksj d hi j d s i kl ys x; s A t gk¡mud ks , d d ejs d h pkch ns nh xbZ A ft l esa , d pkj i kbZ i j fcLr j yxk gqvk Fkk A vr %og ogha i j foJke d jus yxs A i jUr q t c v/ Zjkf=k d k l e; gqvk r ks mUgksaus ogk¡ l s ogfcLr j l esVk A ft l i j og l ks jgs Fks r Fkk ?kj d ks pys x; s A yxHkx , d l Ir kg cknog fQj ml h xq#}kjs t k i gq¡ps r Fkk mUgksaus ogh i z' u fQj nksgjk; k fd eq>s [ kkuk] [ kkuk gSAr c l soknkj us d gk vki i afDr esa cjkt ks r Fkk i z' kknk Nd ks A bl d s i ' pkr ~ og fQj cksysAeq>s jkr Hkj d s fy, foJke d h t : j r gS A r c l soknkjksa us mud ks , d d ejk ns fn; k fdvki ; gk¡ foJke d jsa A r Hkh eqgEen nhu l kfgc us d gk vki d k d qN fnu i gys d ksbZfcLr j r ks ugha [ kks x; k Fkk \ bl i j l Hkh l soknkjksa us d gk ugha egkjkt ; gk¡ i j fd l h Hkhi zd kj d h d ksbZ pksjh ugha gksr h A i jUr q eqgEen nhu t h ds ckj&ckj dgus i j fd vki ; knd jks vki dk dksbZ fcLr j [ kks; k gks A bl i j eq[ ; l soknkj us d gk & gs HkDr x. k! ; gk¡ fd l hHkh i zd kj d h d ksbZ pksjh ugha ekuh t kr h A D; ksafd ; gk¡ l s ft l d ks t : j r gksr k gS og yst kr k gS r Fkk ft l d s ân; esa J¼k gksr h gS og ns t kr k gS A bl fy, pksjh fd l ckr d h\

; g l qu os"kHkw"kk cnys gq, eqgEen nhu t h us ogha cgqr fouezr k l s d gk fd eSa , dl Ir kg i gys ; gk¡ i j eql kfQj : i eas vk; k Fkk r Fkk vki d k , d fcLr j pksjh d jd s ys x; kFkk A d soy vki l cd h eSa i jh{kk ys jgk Fkk fd d kSu l s yksx l sok Hkko HkfDr esa l Ei w. kZgSa r Fkk d kSu&d kSu l s yksx d soy <ksax jpr s gSa A ml l e; mUgksaus ogk¡ mi fLFkr l Hkh l k/l axr d ks i zkFkZuk d h fd eSa fl [ k cuuk pkgr k gw¡ A bl i j ogk¡ mi fLFkr t u l ewg us d gkBhd gS A bl l s i gys fd vki fl [ k cusa vki d ks n<+ l ad Yi d s fy, i gys yaxj eas jgd j; kf=k; ksa dh l sok d juh gksxk A r Ri ' pkr vki d sk ver / kj . k d jk; k t k; sxk A r c eqgEennhu t h us vi us i n l s R; kx i =k ns fn; k r Fkk og ekbZ Fkku uked xq#}kjs esa l sok d jus yxsAdqN l e; i ' pkr ~ mUgksaus ver / kj.k d j fy; k r Fkk mud k uke eku fl ag j[ kk x; k t ks fdvkt d y f' kjkse. kh xq#}kjk i zcU/ d d esVh d s vUr xZr i zpkj d k; Z esa yxs gq, gSa A vcbud s i fjokj d s yxHkx l Hkh l nL; ksa us ver / kj . k fd ; k gqvk gS A

{310}

bl n"Vkar d s mi jkUr l Hkh Xykl IysVsa mBkd j Mk; fuax gky esa i gq¡ps r Fkk ogk¡d jkd jh est +ksa i j l t k nsr s gSa A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ l eksl s] j l xqYys r Fkk xqykc t kequ bR; kfnIysVksa esa l t kr s gSa A d qN gh nsj esa od Z' kki cUn gks t kr k gS r Fkk NqV~Vh gksr s gh l Hkh t okubk; fuax gky esa vt hr d s fuea=k.k i j i gq¡p t kr s gSa A bl h chp [ kk| l kexzh vkWfQl j eSlr Fkk t s-l h-vks- eSl d s fy, Hkst nh t kr h gS A l Hkh vi uh&vi uh IysVksa d s i kl i gq¡p t kr sgSa r ks pk; ck¡Vh t kr h gS A bl d s l kFk gh i kVhZ i zkjEHk gks t kr h gS A i kVhZ d s i ' pkr ~ l Hkhvt hr d ks ml d s yM+d s d s t Ue i j c/ kbZ nsr s gq, fonk gksr s gSa A l c d s pys t kus i jvc fe=k eaMyh cps gq, eky i j gkFk l kQ d jus yxr h gS A

l q[ knso % vjs HkkbZ esgur r ks vt hr us d h gS A ft l d s yM+d k i Snk gqvk gS A

fot ; % (g¡l r s gq, ) l cl s T; knk HkkHkh us esgur d h gS A ft l us , d LoLFk f' k' kq d kst Ue fn; k gS A i jUr q ml cspkjh d ks d qN Hkh ugha feysxk [ kkus d ks \

v ' kksd % vjs r qe r ks i xys gks A og r ks ?kh] nw/ r Fkk i at hjh mM+k jgh gksxh A

foDVj % gk¡ ; kj ] r qe HkkHkh l s ge yksxksa d ks d c feyok jgs gks \

vt hr % eSa , d eghus d s ckn yxHkx nks eghus d h NqV~Vh t kÅ¡xk A cl ml d s cknQSfeyh i j fe' ku ysd j ml s ysr k vkÅ¡xk A

l q[ knso % ml d s vkus esa r ks vHkh cgqr nsj gS A og d gkuh] esjk er yc gs v i uhi zsed Fkk d k vfUr e va' k Hkh l quk Mkyks A

v' kksd % gk¡] gk¡ A ; kj og d gkuh vHkh Hkh v/ wjh gS A t Ynh l s l quk Mkyks fd fd lfof/ d s vuql kj r qEgkjk fookg gekjh HkkHkh t h l s gqvk A

vt hr % t c eSaus vki d ks vi us t hou d s br us cM+s jgL; cr k; s gSa r ks ; g jgL; Hkhcr k gh nsr k gw¡ A

t c eSa Hkr hZa gks x; k r ks gekjk u; k l EcU/ i =k O; ogkj }kj k LFkkfi r gqvk A eSausi gys&i gy vi us d q' ky&eaxy r Fkk ; Fkk&LFkku i gq¡pus d h l wpuk nsus d h vkSi pkfjd r k

{311}

fuHkkr s gq, , d cgqr l af{kIr l k i =k fi z; k d ks fy[ kk fd eSa Bhd&Bkd l e; vuql kj i gq¡px; k gw¡ A cl fQj D; k Fkk ml us bl ds mÙkj esa vfr Lusgi w.kZ r Fkk Hkkoqd i =k fy[ kus i zkjEHkd j fn; s A eSa i gys i =k d k mÙkj Hkh ugha ns i kr k Fkk fd nwl jk i =k esjs i kl fxys&f' kd osHkjk i gq¡p t kr k fd r qe esjs i =k d k mÙkj br uh nsj l s D; ksa nsr s gks A og Hkh br uk l af{kIrl k] D; k r qe eq>s Hkwy x; s gks A ; gk¡ esjk r ks ; g gky gS fd eq>s r qEgkjs fcuk l kjk t houuhj l fn[ kkbZ ns jgk gS A vc eSa Hkh i =k d ks cuk l aokj d s mÙkj nsus d h d ksf' k' k d j r k Ai jUr q og ckr d gk¡ t ks ml d s i =kksa esa gksr h Fkh A i =kksa }kjk I; kj t r kus esa] l p r ks ; g gSeSa d ksjk d kxt Fkk A eq>s l e> eas ugha vkr k Fkk fd eSa ml d s Lusgi w. kZ r Fkk Hkkoqd i =kksad k D; k mÙkj nw¡ A cl eSa ml s l kaRouk nsus d s fy, t Ynh oki l ykSVus d k vk' ol u ns nsr kAi jUr q bu vk' okl uksa l s r ks ckr cur h ugha Fkh A bl fy, eSa fd l h i zse i =k fy[ kus d s n{kO; fDr d h [ kkst esa jgus yxk A i jUr q eSa vi us ân; d s jgL; Hkh fd l h d ks cr kuk ughapkgr k Fkk A bl fy, eSaus cgqr l k i zse&i =k O; ogkj uked l kfgR; [ kjhn Mkyk A i jUr q eq>sbud ks i <+us i j fuj k' kk gh gqbZ A D; ksafd bu i qLr d ksa esa cgqr l Lr s fd Le d s I; kj d ki zxVkok Fkk ; k d gha&d gha Hkn~ns fd Le d s et kd Fks A t ks fd esjs fopkjksa l s d ksl ksa nwj FkkAbl fy, eSaus vi us ekufl d Lr j d ks ns[ kr s gq, bu l Hkh i qLr d ksa d ks t yk Mkyk r Fkk vceSa vi us ân; d h Hkkoukvksa d ks gh VwVs&QwVs ' kCnksa esa O; Dr d jus yxk A vc esjh i zs; l hesjh d Yi uk d h Hkh i zsj . kk cu pqd h Fkh A l ks esjh d ye esa Hkh / hjs&/ hjs , d l kfgR; dkj dhl h t ku vkuh ' kq: gks x; h A bUgha fnuksa eq>s fi z; k d k , d fo' ks"k i =k feyk A ft l esa ml usfy[ kk Fkk fd ml us t ks ukSd jh d h Fkh og ml l s l Ur q"V ugha Fkh A D; ksafd vc ml d k : i; kSou ; gk¡ ' k=kq cu jgk gS vkSj bTt +r vkc: [ kr js esa gS A fo' ks"kd j t c l Ir kg eas , dckj ukbZV M; wVh i M+r h gS A l kFk d s d qN d eZpkjh ml i j d qN fnuksa l s cqjh nf"V j [ kusyxs gSa A

; g i =k D; k Fkk \ esjs fy, pqukSr h Fkh A i jUr q eSa cgqr nwj gksus d s d kj . k ml d ksfd l h Hkh i zd kj d k l g; ksx r ks ns ugha l d r k Fkk A vr % l eL; k d k l ek/ ku d jus gsr q eSausfi z; k d ks fy[ kk fd r qe , d / S; Zoku LokoyEch fuHkhZd ukjh gks A ; fn r qeus bl NksVs l sl ad V d k l keuk l kgl l s u fd ; k r ks ckd h ukfj ; k¡ t ks vi us d ks vcyk ekur h gSa A muesar Fkk r q> esa D; k vUr j gqvk A vc r qEgsa fl [ k ukfj ; ksa d h r jg ' kL=k vFkkZr d i k. k / kj . k

{312}

d j ysuh pkfg, A ft l l s r qEgsa vkRecy feysxk A bl fo"k; i j fopkj foe' kZ d s fy,r qe r qjUr esjh ek¡ l s feyks A og r qEgsa i zR; sd i zd kj d h vkRel qj{kk d h f' k{kk r Fkk ' kL=k /kj . k d jus d k i jh{k. k l e; jgr s ns nsxh A ; g i =k i kr s gh og esjh ek¡ d s i kl ; gh my>hgqbZ l eL; k ysd j i gq¡ph r Fkk esjh ek¡ d ks fi z; k us cr k; k fd ml d s d k; kZy; d s d eZpkjh ml suhj l yM+dh dgd j l Ecks/ u d jr s gSa t cfd i gys&i gy l Hkh deZpkjh esjk l Eeku d jr sFks r Fkk f' k"Vkpkj l s O; ogkj d jr s Fks A i jUr q / hjs&/ hjs os l Hkh eq>l s d qN vuqfpr ykHkmBkuk pkgr s gSa A bl fy, os yksx vDl j v ' yhy et +kd r Fkk O; ax d j r s jgr s gSa Ai gys&i gy ; s yksx eq>l s cgqr pki ywl h i w. kZ >wBs fn[ kkos d k vi uRo t r kr s jgr s Fks Ai jUr q t c eSaus bl d s mÙkj esa mnkl hur k fn[ kkbZ r Fkk eSa gj l e; xEHkhj psgjs i j n<+r k ykr sgq, ' kkUr cuh jgr h gw¡ r ks ; s yksx ckS[ kyk mBs gSa A

; g l qu esjh ek¡ us ml s / hjt ca/ k; k r Fkk dgk l c dqN / hjs&/ hjs Bhd gks t k, xk A cl' kr Z ; gh gS fd r qe vi uk / S; Z ugha [ kksuk r Fkk v i us d ks l nSo l kekU; cuk; s j [ kus d ki z; Ru d j r h jguk A bl i j mUgksaus fi z; k d ks d qN , sfr gkfl d ohjkaxuksa d k mYys[ k Hkhfd ; k r Fkk ' kju d kSj r Fkk l qUnjh d h ohj xkFkk, ¡ l quk; ha A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ mUgksaus fi z; k d ks, d NksVs vkd kj d h d i k. k nh A l kFk gh mUgksaus ml d ks d i k. k / kj . k d juk r Fkk ml d kfoi fÙk d ky esa i z; ksx d juk fl [ kk; k A bl 9 bap d h d i k. k d ks i kd j fi z; k vfr i zl UuFkh A ml esa vc , d u; k g"kZ mYykl r Fkk mRl kg Hkj pqd k Fkk A og vc vi us dks l qj f{krvuqHko d jus yxh Fkh A

eq>s , d fnu fi z; k d h HkkHkh d k r kj feyk fd r qEgkjh fi z; k , sjSLV gks xbZ gS A eSa blfofp=k r kj i j vHkh fopkj d j gh jgk Fkk fd r Hkh eq>s esjh ekr k d k , d , Dl i zSl i =k feykft l esa fi z; k d s d Sn gksus d k i wjk fooj . k foLr kj i woZd Fkk A ; g i wjk fd Ll k i <+r s gh eSausr qjUr d St qvy yho yh r Fkk ?kj d ks oki l pyk x; k A ?kj i j i gq¡pus i j ns[ kk fd esjsekr k&fi r k us fi z; k d ks t +ekur i j fjgk d jok d j vi us ?kj i j ys vk; s gSa A ; g ns[ k eq>scgqr jkgr gqbZ A vc fi z; k l s esjk l keuk gqvk r ks og eq>s ns[ kd j Hkkoqd r k esa j ks i M+h Aml d h fgpd h l h ca/ xbZ A ml d s d aB l s i z; Ru d jus i j Hkh d ksbZ ' kCn ugha fud y jgkFkk A r Hkh eSaus ml s mRl kfgr d j r s gq, d gk eSaus r sjh vn~Hkqr ohj r k d h xkFkk i <+h gS A t ks

{313}

eq>s ekr k t h us fy[ kh Fkh A r Hkh eSaus ml d s d s' kksa d ks gkFkksa l s l gykr s vkSj I; kj l s / hj tca/ kr s gq, d gk A vc t qnkbZ d s fnu l ekIr gks x; s gSa A vr % r qe fuf' pr gks t kvks AeSa r qEgsa vc l nk d s fy, vi uk yw¡xk A r Hkh eSaus fi z; k d k : nu can d jokus r Fkk ml d kè; ku ck¡Vus d s fopkj l s ml i j i z' u fd ; k ; g nqf[ kr ?kVuk d Sl s ?kfVr gqbZ A bl i z' ud s mÙkj esa ml us eq>s cr k; k fd eSaus vki d s l q>ko d s vuql kj ekr k t h l s , d d i k. k i zkIrd j yh Fkh r Fkk ml dsk oL=kksa ds uhps / kj . k d jus dk fu; e r Fkk ml dk l ad V dky esa i z; ksxHkh l h[ kk Fkk A cl eSa bl d i k. k d ks i zkIr d j d s l Ur q"V Fkh A l kFk gh esjk eukscy vccgqr Å¡pk gks pqd k Fkk A eSa vc vi us d ks d Hkh Hkh vcyk ukjh ugha l e>r h Fkh A D; ksafdd i k. k gj {k. k esjs l kFk jgr h Fkh A eq>s vc vd syki u egl wl gh ugha gksr k Fkk D; ksafd esjhvkRek d i k. k / kj . k d jus d s i ' pkr ~ cyoku gksr h t k jgh Fkh A eSa vc fd l h ' kqHk l e;d h r yk' k esa Fkh A t c bl d i k. k d k l Qy i z; ksx d j d s fd l h nq"V d ks n.M fn; k t kl d s A cl ; g esjh euksd keuk cgqr t Ynh i wjh gks xbZ A vxys gh l Ir kg esjh , d jkrd s fy, ukbZV M; wVh Fkh fd bÙkQkfd ; k eq>l s xank O; ogkj d jus okys nks d eZpkfj ; ksa d hHkh , d l kFk M; wVh Fkh A okLr o esa mUgksaus feyhHkxr d jd s esjh M; wVh d s l kFk vi uh M; wVhyxokbZ Fkh A eSa Hkh bl ckr l s vut ku u Fkh A l ks eSa ml fnu vkus okys l ad V d k l keukd jus d s fy, eu gh eu d k; ZØe cuk jgh Fkh A m/ j os nq"V xqaMs Hkh eq>s vi us t ky esaQl kus d k d k; ZØe cuk jgs Fks A i gys&i gy r ks og nq"V eq>l s pki ywl h i w. kZ cgkuscuk&cukd j ckr sa d jr s jgs A d Hkh os pk; eaxokr s r Fkk d Hkh l e; O; r hr d jus gsr qpqVd qys l qukus yxr s A eSa l ko/ kuh l s mud h l Hkh i zd kj d h gjd r ksa d ks ns[ kr h jgh r Fkkvi us d ks l kekU; cuk; s j [ kus d k i z; Ru fd ; k A t Sl s gh vk/ h jkr d k l e; gksus d ks Fkkfd r Hkh os v' yhy fd Le d s pqVd qys l qukus yxs r Fkk eq>l s cnr eht h l s i s' k vkus yxs Ar c eSaus mud ks Øks/ esa MkaVk fd bu ckr ksa d k i fj . kke vPNk ugha gksxk A r Hkh og nksuksaeq> i j ; d k; d >i Vs A vpkud geys l s mu nksuksa us eq>s cqjh r jg vi uh ckt wvksa esat d M+ fy; k A bl cqjh i fj fLFkfr d ks ns[ k eSaus vi uk / S; Z ugha [ kks; k A r Hkh eSaus vi us ' kCnksaesa feBkl ykr s gq, d gk & Bhd gS eSa r qEgkjh gw¡ i jUr q bl i zd kj r ks r qe yksxksa d ks d ksbZykHk ugha gksxk A eSa , d l e; esa , d d k gh l ax d j l d r h gw¡ A bl fy, eq>l s t cjnLr hu d jks A r c D; k Fkk A muesa l s , d eq>s l kFk ysd j ] l kFk d s , d kar d ejs eas py i M+k A

{314}

ckgj l s nwl js us d ejs d k njokt k can d j fn; k A vc eSaus cgqr l ko/ kuh l s oL=k mr kjusd k vfHku; d jr s gq, oL=kksa d s uhps l s d i k. k fud ky d j vpkud i wjs t +ksj l s vi us i klokys xqM~Ms d s i sV esa ns ekjh A t Sl s gh esjh d i k. k ml d s i sV esa xgjkbZ esa ?kl h og cgqrt ksjksa l s fpYyk; k fd ej x; k cpkvks A r Hkh >V l s ckgj l s nwl js xqaMs us njokt +k [ kksy fn; kAokLr o esa og xqaMk ckgj njokt +s i j gh [ kM+k i gjk ns jgk Fkk r Fkk l kFk gh vanj gksus okyhgj i zd kj d h vkokt d ks l qu jgk Fkk A ?kk; y xqaMs d s ph[ kus i j eSaus r qjUr vi uh d i k. kml d s i sV essa l s oki l [ khap d j fud ky yh A vc esjs gkFkksa esa [ kwu l s l uh d i k. k Fkh t ksckgj l s njokt +k [ kksyus okys xqaMs d ks eSaus Mjkr s gq, fn[ kkbZ r Fkk eSa ml d h r jQ >i Vh A og; g Hk; Hkhr n' ; ns[ kd j r qjUr ogk¡ l s Hkkx [ kM+k gqvk r Fkk ml us i qfyl d ks VsyhQksu d jd sbl ?kVuk d h l wpuk ns nh A d qN gh nsj ckn ogk¡ i qfyl vk xbZ A i qfyl vkus l s i gysogk¡ i j gLi r ky d s vU; d eZpkjh Hkh vk x; s Fks r Fkk mUgksaus esjs d ks ?ksj fy; k r Fkk eq>l snq?kZVuk d s fo"k; esa i wNus yxs A l kFk gh os ml xq.Ms d ks i zkFkfed fpfd Rl k nsus yx x; sAi qfyl d s vkr s gh eq>s i qfyl us vi uh fgjkl r esa ys fy; k r Fkk d ksr oky l kfgc us eq>l sHkk¡fr &Hkk¡fr ds i z' u i wNs A bl ?kVuk d k i zR; {kn' khZ (p' enhn) , d ek=k ogh nwl jk xq.Mkgh Fkk l ks ml us esjs fo: ¼ xokgh nh r Fkk d gk fd ; g yM+d h gR; k d jus d s bjkns l s ' kL=k/ kj . k d jd s ?kj l s gh vkbZ Fkh r Fkk esjs l kFkh d ks vi us t ky esa Ql kd j bl us ml d h gR; kd jus d k vl Qy i z; kl fd ; k gS A vc i qfyl d k , d ek=k i z' u Fkk & r qEgkjs i kl ; gd i k. k d gk¡ l s vkbZ A bl i j eSaus d gk eSa ; g vkRe l qj {kk d s fy, / kj . k d j r h gw¡Ar ks mud k nwl jk i z' u Fkk & d i k. k d soy fl [ k efgyk; sa gh / kj . k d jr h gSa A t cfd r qefgUnq efgyk gks \ bl i j eSaus d gk & eSaus fl [ k l Ei znk; vi uk fy; k gS A i jUr q og blckr dk d ksbZ Bksl l cwr pkgr s Fks A bl fy, eSaus d g fn; k & eSa , d fl [ k ; qod d h eaxsr jgw¡ A r Hkh og yksx vki d s ckjs esa i wjh t kud kjh pkgr s Fks t ks eSaus mud ks ns nh A i jUr q vci qfyl esjh ckr d h i qf"V d jus d s fy, esjs ekr k&fi r k l s bl ckr d h l PpkbZ t kuus d sfy, mRl qd Fkh A bl fy, eSau vi us ?kj d k i r k u cr kd j vki d s ; gk¡ d k i r k cr k fn; kfd esjs l l qj ky i j esjs fxjÝr kj gksus d k l ekpkj ns nks A okLr o esa i qfyl , sl h ckr ghpkgr h Fkh A ft l l s mud ks esjs fl [ k gksus d k i zek. k fey l d s A t Sl s gh esjk l ans' k ; gk¡ekr k t h d ks feyk A og r qjUr fi r k t h d s l kFk d ksr okyh i gq¡ps r Fkk mUgksaus esjh ckr d h

{315}

i qf"V d j nh A bl i j d ksyoky us fi r k t h l s i z' u fd ; k & vt hr fl a?k r qEgkjk D; kyxr k gS \ fi r kt h us d gk & vt hr fl a?k esjk yM+d k gS t ks fd vHkh l suk d h ukSd jh d jjgk gS A bl i j ml us fQj i wNk & ; g yM+d h D; k r qEgkjh gksus okyh cgw gS \ fi r k t hus d gk & gk¡ A fQj fi r k t h us esjh t ekur nh r Fkk eq>s fjgk d j yk; s A vc d slvnkyr esa pysxk A ; g ?kVuk l qu eSaus i wNk & r qEgkjh HkkHkh HkbZ; k] ekr k&fi r k t h r qel sfeyus ugha vk; s D; k \ bl i j fi z; k us cr k; k & HkkHkh HkbZ; k d ksr okyh i gq¡ps Fks r FkkmUgksaus Hkh esjh t +ekur d jokus d s fy, vnkyr esa d kQh nkSM+&/ wi d h A i jUr q eSa mud sl kFk ugha xbZ A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ esjs ekr k&fi r k Hkh ; gk¡ eq>l s feyus vk; s Fks A i jUr q esjh ek¡d ks bl fofp=k ?kVuk i j fo' okl gh ugha gks jgk Fkk A fo' ks"kd j r qEgkjh esjh fe=kr k d h ckrmud s xys ugha mr j jgh Fkh A og vpEHks esa Fkh fd gekjh fe=kr k d k jgL; mud ks D; ksaugha ekywe gks l d k A t c mud ks ; g ekywe gqvk gS fd vki d s ekr k&fi r k eq>s d bZ o"kks±l s v i uh gksus okyh cgw d s : i esa I; kj d j r s vk jgs gSas r ks ; g ckr mud s fy, , d cM+hfofp=k i gsyh Fkh fd vt hr l s r ks eSa Hkyh&Hkk¡fr i fj fpr gw¡ A i jUr q eSa r ks ml s vi us yM+d sfouksn d s fe=k d s : i esa gh t kur h jgh gw¡ A eq>s r ks ekywe gh ugha gqvk fd fi z; k d h vt hrl s fe=kr k Hkh gS A

eSa ; g l c l qud j eqLd jk fn; k r Fkk cksyk & Bhd gS A eSa vkt r qEgkjs ; gk¡ ekr k t hd ks feyus t kÅ¡xk A

t c eSa fi z; k d s ; gk¡ t kus d ks r S; kj gqvk r ks esjh ekr k t h Hkh esjs l kFk py i M+h A r ceSaus mul s i wNk & vki D; ksa fi z; k d s ; gk¡ t kuk pkgr s gSa A og cksyh & r w Hkh i xyk gS AeSa r ks vkt fi z; k d h ek¡ l s ml s l nk d s fy, r sj s fy, ek¡x ykÅ¡xh A bl i j >V l s eSausckr cnyr s gq, d gk & fi z; k d h ek¡ ml d ks vi us l kFk D; ksa ugha ys xbZ A bl d s mÙkj esaekr k t h us eq>s cr k; k & og r ks fi z; k d sk vi us l kFk ys t kus d s fy, gh vk; s Fks A i jUr qeSaus fi z; k d ks ugha Hkst k A d soy bl fy, fd fi z; k d s ogk¡ t kus i j xyh eksgYys d s yksxksaesa fi z; k d s fo"k; esa xyr / kj . kk cuus yxsxh r Fkk yksxksa esa bl d h i gpku , d [ kwuh yM+d hd s : i esa gksus yxsxh A bl l s i gys fd yksxksa d s eu esa xyr / kj . kk; sa cusa A eSa bl d kfookg r sjs l s d jokuk pkgr h gw¡ A ft l l s ; g nq?kZVuk / qa/ yh i M+ t k; sxh A

{316}

d qN gh nsjh esa ge fi z; k d s ?kj i gq¡p x; s A fi z; k d h ek¡ us gekjk HkO; Lokxr fd ; kr Fkk eq>s l Ecks/ u d j d s d gk & vt hr csVk ! r w r ks Nyh; k gS js A esjh eeZ i V~Vh d jusd s cgkus r qeus esjh csVh d k eu gh t hr fy; k gS A bl d s mÙkj esa eSaus d gk & ekr k t h, sl k gS ugha] t Sl k vki us l ksspk gS A esjh r ks fi z; k l s yxHkx ml ?kVuk l s nks o"kZ i woZ d hfe=kr k gS A ; g t kud j mud ks vkSj Hkh vpEHkk gqvk r Fkk d gus yxh & t c r qe esjs ; gk¡vkr s t kr s Fks r ks fi z; k d ks eSaus d Hkh Hkh r qEgkjs esa fnypLi h ysr s ugha ns[ kk A bl d s mÙkjesa eSaus d gk & r c ge vi us d ks l kekU; cuk; s j [ kus d k i z; Ru d j r s jgr s Fks A bl d si ' pkr ~~ mUgksaus i wNk & r qe fd r us fnu d h NqV~Vh vk; s gks A r c eSaus cr k; k & d soy nksl Ir kg d h A r Hkh esjh ek¡ us fi z; k d h ek¡ l s cM+s fouez Hkko l s vi us vkus d k d kj . k cr kr sgq, d gk & eSa r qel s vt hr d s fy, fi z; k d ks ek¡xus vkbZ gw¡ A r c og d qN xEHkhj gks xbZAD; ksafd mud s l keus d bZ i zd kj d h l kekft d l eL; k; sa Fkh A r c og pkgr s gq, Hkh gk¡ ughad g i kbZ A cl d soy br uk d gk & vc cPps l ; kus gks x; s gSa A bud h bPNk d s fo: ¼r ks d qN fd ; k ugha t k l d r k A t c vki fi z; k d ks br uk pkgr h gSa r ks fi z; k gS gh r qEgkjhAvc eSa chp esa jksM+k d Sl s cu l d r h gw¡ A i jUr q fi z; k d s fi r k l s eq>s fopkj&foe' kZ d jusnks A D; ksafd d bZ i zd kj d s t kr &fcjknjh okys br jkt d jsaxs A r Hkh fi z; k d s fi r k t h Hkhvk x; s A mUgksaus l kjh okr kZyki l qud j d gk & eSa vt hr d ks cgqr i l Un d j r k gw¡ Avt hr eq>s cgqr Hkyk yM+d k yxr k gS A i jUr q t gk¡ r d fj ' r s ukr ksa d k i z' u gS A eSa br uht Ynh d ksbZ fu. kZ; ugha d j i kÅ¡xk A eq>s l kspus d k ekSd k nks D; ksafd gekjs nksuksa i fjokjksa d kjgu&l gu cgqr fHkUu&fHkUu gS r Fkk gekjs fopkjksa esa Hkh cgqr fHkUur k gS A r Hkh esjh ek¡us d gk Bhd gS A vki vki l esa fopkj foe' kZ d j ys A i jUr q eSa bUgha fnuksa vt hr d kfookg d j nsuk pkgr h gw¡ A ; g l qu fi z; k d s fi r k t h cksys & fi z; k d k fookg br uh t Ynhd Sl s l aHko gks l d r k gs A t cfd fookg d s fy, eq>s d bZ i zd kj d h r S; kfj ; k¡ d juh gksxhr Fkk fi z; k d s fy, eq>s ngst Hkh r ks t qVkuk gS A bl d s mÙkj esa esjh ek¡ us d gk & vkifd l h Hkh i zd kj d h d ksbZ fpUr k u d jsa A D; ksafd vki d ks fi z; k d s fy, fd l h i zd kj d sngst d h d ksbZ vko' ; d r k ugha r Fkk vki d ks ml d s fookg d s fy, d qN Hkh ugha d jukgksxk D; ksafd fi z; k d k eSa Lo; a vk/ qfud <ax l s fcuk ngst fcuk fd l h fn[ kkos d s vt hr d sl kFk vi uh i zFkk vuql kj d : ¡xh A ; g l qu fi z; k d s ek¡ cki , d nwl js d k eq¡g r kd us yxs

{317}

fi z; k d h ek¡ cgqr d fBur k l s u pkgr s gq, Hkh l kgl cVksj d j cksyh & t Sl h vki dh bPNkgks] d jks A

ogk¡ l s ykSV d j esjh ek¡ us esjs fi r k t h d ks fi z; k d s ek¡&cki l s gqbZ okr kZyki l s voxrd jk; k A r Hkh fi r k t h us d gk & vPNk Bhd gS A vkus okys j fookj d ks bu nksuksa d kfookg xq#}kjs esa vkuan dkj t d s : i esa l Ei Uu d j fn; k t k, xk A eSa l Hkh i zd kj d k i zcU/d j nsr k gw¡ A r qe fi z; k d s ek¡&cki d ks bl ckr d h l wpuk ns nks A

vxys nks fnuksa d s i ' pkr ~~ j fookj d k fnu i M+ jgk Fkk A l ks l Hkh i zd kj d h t Ynh ghr S; kfj ; k¡ gks x; ha A l Hkh fud Vofr Z; ksa d ks l wpuk ns nh xbZ fd j fookj d ks LFkkuh; xq#}kjsesa vt hr d k fi z; k d s l kFk vkuan d kj t gS A

jfookj i zkr % d ky gh ge nksuksa d ks , d VSDl h }kjk xq#}kjs i gq¡pk; k x; k A ogk¡ i j xzaFkhl kfgc vFkkZr Kkuh t h r Fkk vU; x. kekU; O; fDr ; ksa us gekjk Lokxr fd ; k r Fkk ge nksuksad ks d qN l e; d s fy, , d LFkku i j cSBk d j vkxkeh xgLFk vkJe d s vkn' kZ t hou d sd qN fl ¼kar cr k; s r Fkk eq> l s i wNk & D; k r qeus ver / kj . k fd ; k gS \ bl i j eSaus dgkvHkh r ks / kj . k ugha fd ; k gS A bl i j mUgksaus fi z; k l s i wNk & r qe ver / kj . k d jukpkgr h gks r ks ml us >V l s Lohd fr ns nh A i jUr q eSa ver / kj . k d jus l s d qN vkukd kuhd jus yxk fd ver / kj . k d jus d s i ' pkr ~~ cgqr mPp t hou t huk gksr k gS A vr % eSa vi usvki d ks bl ; ksX; ugha cuk i k; k A D; ksafd eSa ?kj l s ckgj l suk esa ukSd jh d j jgk gw¡ A i jUr qog d gk¡ ekuus okys Fks A mUgksaus eq>s d gk xq#nso d k ver / kj . k d juk l Sfud ksa d s fy,vfr vko' ; d gh ugha] vfuok; Z Hkh gS A D; ksafd fl [ k d h mRi fÙk gh l Sfud nf"V d ks. kd ks l Eeq[ k j [ k d s d h xbZ gS A bl d s l kFk gh v; ksX; euq"; ver / kj . k d jus i j ghl q; ksX; cur k gS r Fkk r Hkh og mPp t hou pfj=k l s t h l d r k gS r Fkk mUgksaus cr k; k fdxq#nso d k vkns' k gS fd µ

/ j s d s' k i kgqy fcuk Hks[ kh ewM+k fl [ k AAesj k nj l u ukfg fr l i ki h fr vkxS fc[ k AA

{318}

bl d s vfr fjDr mUgksaus cr k; k fd xq#nso d s cgqr d Ms+ vkns' k gSa fd t ks fl [ k d s' kr Fkk ' kL=k / kj . k ugha d j r k A eSa ml s d Hkh n' kZu ugha nsr k A bl ckr d s fy, mu yksxksaus eq>s xq# xksfcUn fl ag t h d h j fpr jpuk; sa l quk; ha A ft l esa mUgksaus vi us i zR; sd f' k";d s fy, ver / kj . k d juk vfuok; Z cr k; k Fkk A l ks eSaus mu yksxksa d h i zsj . kk i kd j r qjUrver / kj . k d juk Lohd kj d j fy; k A r Hkh esjk r Fkk fi z; k d k uke mUgksaus ver / kj . kd jus okyksa d h l wph esa fy[ k fy; k A ver / kj . k d jokus d k d k; ZØe o"kZ esa nks ; k r huckj , d cgqr cM+s l ekjksg d s vk; kst u d j ds fd ; k t kr k gS A bl ckj ver / kj . k d jokusd k vk; kst u cSl k[ kh d s i oZ d ks Fkk A l ks ge nksuksa d ks cSl k[ kh d s fnu ; Fkk LFkku i jmi fLFkr gksus d ks d gk x; k A bl d s i ' pkr ~~ ge nksuksa d ks Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d s l Eeq[ kcSBk fn; k x; k A d hr Zuh t RFkk d hr Zu d j jgk Fkk r Fkk xq#}kjs ds gky esa i zfr fnu d h Hkk¡frl axr ksa d k l ewg i gys l s gh fojkt eku Fkk A r Hkh fi z; k d s ekr k&fi r k r Fkk HkbZ; k HkkHkh Hkhogk¡ vk x; s A mUgksaus esjs fi r k t h l s i wNk fd ge r ks vki d s vkuan d kj t * d s fo"k;esa d qN Hkh ugha t kur s l ks gesa cr kvks fd gesa D; k&D; k d juk gS \ D; k&D; k l kexzhpkfg, r Fkk fd l &fd l d ks : i ; s bR; kfn nsus gksr s gSa \ bl i j esjs fi r k t h us mud ksl e>kr s gq, cr k; k & vc vki d ks d qN Hkh ugha d juk gS A d soy vi uh J¼k vuql kjvki d ks i zl kn HkasV d juk gS A ml d s fy, vki i Sl s ; gha t ek d jok d j j l hn i zkIr d j ysar Fkk d hr Zuh t RFks d ks Hkh bl h i zd kj vi uh J¼k vuql kj yxHkx 11 : i ; s uxn ns nsuk Ar c mUgkasus nwl jk i z' u fd ; k fd bl d s vfr fjDr gesa D; k d juk gS A fQj esjs fi r k t hus mud ks cr k; k fd cl vki d sk vc ; gk¡ i j t u l ewg esa fojkt eku gksuk gS A r Hkh xzaFkht h us xq# xzaFk l fgc d h fookg l EcU/ h fo' ks"k jpukvksa d k mPpkj. k fd ; k t ks fd Qsjksa d sl e; gh i <+h t kr h gS A fQj ogh jpuk; sa d hr Zuh t RFks us xkd j i <+uh ' kq: d j nh A r Hkhge nksuksa nwYgk&nqYgu d ks xzaFk l kfgc d h i fjØek d s i ' pkr ~ ge yksx i qu% ml h LFkku i jcSB x; s A r Hkh xzaFkh t h us nqckjk xq: ok. kh mPpkj . k d h r Fkk mud s i ' pkr ~ ogha jpuk xkd j jkxh fl a?kksa }kjk i <+h xbZ A ; gh pkj Qsjs gekjs vkuan d kj t * vFkkZr fookg gqvk A bld k; ZØe d s i ' pkr ~~ gesa Qwy ekyk; sa i guk; ha x; ha A r Hkh ge yksxksa d ks ogk¡ l s mBkd jvyx&vyx] Øe' k% efgykvksa r Fkk i q: "kksa esa cSBk fn; k x; k r Fkk vjnkl (i zkFkZuk)d h xbZr Fkk ml d s i ' pkr ~~ ogk¡ i j mi fLFkr yksxksa us ge (nwYgk&nqYgu) d ks HkasV esa vi uh r jQ

{319}

l s : i ; s ( ' kxu) mi gkj Lo: i fn; k r Fkk l kFk gh l Hkh yksxksa us esjs ekr k&fi r k d ks c/ kbZnh A r Hkh fi z; k d h HkkHkh us ' kad k O; Dr d h fd bl fookg d k d ksbZ gesa i zek.k i =k feyukpkfg, r Fkk bl fookg d k ; gk¡ fjd kMZ gksuk pkfg, A ; g l qu esjs fi r k t h us r qjUr xq#}kjsd s i z/ ku r Fkk l SØsVjh l kfgc l s ckr d h A mUgksaus d gk bl fookg d ks ge yksxksa us vi usj ft LVjksa eas fy[ k fy; k gS A vc d soy vki yksxksa d s gLr k{kj gksus ckd h gSa r Fkk vki d ksd y bl d k , d i zek. k&i =k Hkh cuokd j ns fn; k t k; sxk A vc gekjh r jQ l s pk; r Fkkuk' r s d k vk; kst u fd ; k x; k Fkk A l kjs t ul ewg d ks r qjUr pk; uk' r k ck¡Vk x; k A ; gns[ k fi z; k d s fi r k t h us d gk eSa ?kj l s cgqr cM+h / u jk' kh ysd j pyk Fkk fd u t kus ogk¡ i jfd r uk [ kpZ gks A i jUr q eq>s r ks vki us [ kpZ d jus d k ekSd k gh ugha fn; k A eSa fi z; k d ksd qN ngst Hkh nsuk pkgr k gw¡ A

bl i j esjh ek¡ us d gk & csVh vki d h gS A t c vki d s ; gk¡ Qsjk Mkyus vk; sxh r ksvki vi us eu d h bPNk i wfr Z d j ysuk A i jUr q gekjh okLr fod fookg d h ; gh i zFkk gSfd bl d s vuql kj yM+d h okyksa d ks yxHkx d qN Hkh ugha [ kpZ d juk i M+r k A bl i j fi z; kd h HkkHkh cksyh ; g vkuan dkjt * r ks nqfu; k ds l cl s l Lr s fookgksa esa l s , d gqvk A r Hkh fi z; kd s ekr k&fi r k us ge nksuksa d ks vk' khZokn fn; k r Fkk ge yksx mul s fonkbZ ysd j ?kj ykSVvk; s A bl i zd kj gekjk fookg l Ei Uu gks x; k A

bu fnuksa fi z; k d ks [ kwu d jus ds vl Qy i z; kl d s vi jk/ esa l Li SaM d j fn; k x; k FkkAvr % og Qql Zr esa Fkh vc eqd nesa d h d kjokbZ d h r kjh[ k r hu eghus d s i ' pkr ~~ Fkh AD; ksafd vnkyr us ?kk; y xq.Ms d s LoLFk gksus r d l e; c<+k fn; k Fkk A vc yxHkx esjsi kl d soy , d l Ir kg d h NqV~Vh Fkh A eSa l Ir kg d s i ' pkr ~~ oki l ykSV vk; k A r hu eghusd s i ' pkr ~~ eqd nek ' kq: gqvk ft l esa fi z; k us Li "V ' kCnksa esa cr k fn; k& eq>s ; g yksx d qNfnuksa l s yxkr kj i js' kku d j jgs Fks r Fkk eq>l s dbZ i zd kj ds v' yhy et +kd r Fkk O; aX; d jusyxs Fks A esjs ' kkUr r Fkk xEHkhj jgus i j ; g yksx eq>s uhj l d gus yx x; s Fks A bu yksxksad h gj jkst + d h c<+r h gqbZ d wnf"V eSa ns[ k jgh Fkh A eq>s ' kad k cuh jgr h Fkh fd d ksbZ l e;(dql e; ) eq>l s cykRd kj d jus d h d ksf' k' k d jasxss A vr % eSaus vi uh vkRe&l qj{kk ds fy,, d fl [ k ukjh gksus d s ukr s d i k. k ' kL=k d s : i esa / kj . k d j yh Fkh A bu l Hkh ckr ksa d s

{320}

i zek. k esa gekjh r jQ d s od hy us esjs r Fkk fi z; k d s chp esa l q>koksa d s vknku i znku d s fy,t ks i =k O; ogkj gqvk Fkk] og i =k r Fkk gekjs fookg d k i zek. k i =k U; k; ky; esa i zLr qr d jfn; s A bl d s foi jhr fojks/ h od hy d ksbZ Bksl nyhysa i zLr qr ugha d j i k; k vr % U; k; / h' kus fu. kZ; fi z; k d s i {k esa fn; k r Fkk fi z; k d ks l Eeku l fgr cjh d j fn; k A U; k; ky; d s blfu. kZ; d s i ' pkr ~ fi z; k d ks ukSd jh i j fQj l s ys fy; k x; k A i jUr q og vc ukSd jh d hbPNk gh ugha j [ kr h Fkh A bl fy, ml us R; kx&i =k nsus d s fy, eq>l s i wNk r ks eSaus l q>kofn; k fd i gys M; wVh TokbZu d j yks A ft l l s r qedks fi Nyk osr u i wjk fey t k; sxk A bl d si ' pkr ~~ ?kj&xgLFkh d k cgkuk fy[ kd j R; kx&i =k ns nsuk A vr % fi z; k us , sl k gh fd ; k Avc Vªsfuax Hkh l ekIr gks xbZ Fkh A esjh i ksl fVax enzkl d s LVs' ku od Z' kki esa gks xbZ Fkh Aogk¡ i j i gq¡p d j eSaus QSfeyh&i zfe' ku ys yh r Fkk NqV~Vh ysd j fi z; k dks vi us l kFk ys x; kA

yks HkkbZ yksxksa vc esjh i zsed Fkk l ekIr gksr h gS A

l q[ knso % , d ckr esjh l e> esa ugha vkbZ fd fi z; k d h t +ekur gksus d s i ' pkr ~~ ogD; ksa ugha vi us HkbZ; k HkkHkh d s l kFk pyh xbZ \

vt hr % esjh ek¡ us ; gk¡ cgqr nwj nf"V d k i fjp; fn; k Fkk A og t kur h Fkh fd vxjfi z; k vi us ?kj ; k HkkbZ d s ?kj pyh xbZ r ks bl d s fookg esa d qN vM+pusa vk l d r h gSa Abl fy, mUgksaus fi z; k d ks fl [ kk fn; k fd r qe vc v i us ; gk¡ ugha t kuk A D; ksafd eSausvt hr d ks i =k fy[ kd j cqyk j [ kk gS A ml d s vkr s gh eSa r qe nksuksa d k fookg t Ynh gh d jnw¡xh A Hkys gh bl fo"k; i j r qEgkjs ekr k&fi r k gel s l ger gks ; k u gksa A D; ksafd vcr qe ckfyx gks xbZ gks A bl fy, vc d kuwuh : i l s mud h l gefr u feyus i j Hkh d ksbZQd Z i M+us okyk ugha gS A

fu"d "kZ µ

fl [ k i aFk d s l aLFki d Jh xq# ukud nso t h us l eLr ekuo l ekt d s mRFkku ds fy,t ks i z; kl fd ; s muesa l cl s i gys ; g ukjk cqyan fd ; k] ¶u d ksbZ fgUnq u d ksbZ eql yeku Aft l d k r kRi ; Z gS fd l eLr ekuo t kfr , d fi r k i jes' oj d h l ar ku gS vFkkZr , d fi r k, d l d s ge ckfjd * xq: no t h us r c ; g vuqHko fd ; k fd t u l k/ kj . k ds nq%[ kksa d k ewy

{321}

d kj . k vKkur k] i jk/ hur k] vkfFkZd fo"ker k r Fkk t kfr &i kfr i j vk/ kfj r oxhZd j. kbR; kfn gS A vr % mUgksaus bu l kekft d cqjkbZ; ksa l s t w>us r Fkk , d vkn' kZ l kekt d hLFkki uk d jus ds fy, t hou i ¼fr esa ewyHkwr i fjor Zu vfuok; Z l e>r s gq, , d l cy&LorU=kvFkok LokoyEch O; fDr Ro d s ekuo d h i fjd Yi uk d h A t ks fd l nSo fuLokFkZ Hkko l si j fgr esa d k; Zj r jgs A , sl s l Ei w. kZ l efi Zr , oa fu"Bkoku O; fDr ; ksa d s ; ksxnku l s t fVy, oa t ksf[ ke Hkjh l eL; kvksa d s l ek/ ku gsr q] mUgksaus ml l e; d s Øwj ' kkl d ksa] l ekt d sl ad h.kZ fopkj / kjk okys LokFkhZ r Fkk d qfVy i zofr Z d s yksxksa l s yksgk ysus d h Bku yh A xq#nsous fopkj fd ; k fd l Ùkk/ kjh d ks / ehZ i q: "k gksuk pkfg, vFkok l Ùkk d ks / ehZ i q: "kksa d s gkFkksaesa l kSai k t kuk pkfg, vU; Fkk vknZ' k l ekt d h d Yi uk O; FkZ gS A mUgksaus bl y{; d hi zkfIr d s fy, l ar &fl i kgh vFkok jkt ; ksx (ehjh&i hjh) dh ubZ vknZ' k i z. kkyh d k l w=ki krfd ; k A ft l l s ' kksf"kr oxZ d ks mud s ewy ekuo* vf/ d kj fnyok, t k l ds r Fkk l ekt esafd l h O; fDr ds l kFk Hkh jax&uLy] / eZ] t kfr ] Hkk"kk] fyax] vehjh&xjhch vkSj ekfyd&ukSd jd s vk/ kj i j d ksbZ HksnHkko u fd ; k t k l d s A l ekt d s l Hkh oxks± d ks i zR; sd nf"V l sl ekur k fnyokuk r Fkk ekuo l ekt d ks , d l w=k esa ck¡/ uk xq#nso d k eq[ ; y{; Fkk]ft l l s , d u; s oxZfoghu l ekt d ks , d l w=k esa ck¡/ uk xq#nso dk eq[ ; y{; Fkk] ft l l s, d u; s oxZfoghu l kekt d h mRi fr gks l d s vFkkZr l eLr i zk. kh ek=k d k d Y; k. k gks Axq#nso ds ' kCnksa esa l jcr nk Hkyk* r kRi ; Z ; g gS fd mTt oy vkpj .k okys (fodkj j fgr )euq"; t ks l nSo l kekt d Y; k. k d s fy, d k; Zjr jgsa r kfd l ekt dks ubZ fn' kk nh t k l d sAbl d ks l kd kj : i nsus d s fy, mUgksaus ØkfUr d kjh vkns' k t kjh fd ; k µ

t m r m i zse [ ksy. k d k pkm AAfl # / fj r yh xyh esj h vkm AAbr q ekj x i S# / j ht S AAfl # nht S d kf. k uk d ht S AA

xq# ukud nso t h] j kx i zHkkr h] i "B ûþûü

bl mn~ns' ; d h i wfr Z d s fy, mUgksaus vi uk f=k&l w=kh; d k; ZØe i zLr qr fd ; k vFkkZrfd j r d jks] oaM Nd ks] uke t i ks A , sl s U; kjs euq"; d h : i js[ kk Lo; a xq# ukud nso t h

{322}

us r S; kj d h vkSj vi us mÙkjkf/ d kfj ; ksa d ks fn' kk funsZ' k Hkh fn; s fd os bl d k; Z d ks vkxsc<+kus d k vfHk; ku t kjh j [ ksa] ft l d ks mud s vkB mÙkjkf/ d kfj ; ksa us vkxs c<+k; k vkSj nl osaxq#nso t h us bl vkns' k d ks l kd kj : i nsd j [ kkyl k i aFk d h l t uk d h A ft l d k i zk: ir S; kj d jus esa l eLr xq# l kfgcku d ks yxHkx 230 o"kZ yxs A

t xr xq# ukud nso t h d h l qfu; ksft r i zfØ; k d s i fj . kkeLo: i mPp ekuoh; ewY; ksad ks i zfr f"Br d jus esa l eLr xq# l kfgcku d k l eku ; ksxnku jgk A t c nl osa xq# xksfcUnfl a?k t h us [ kkyl k i aFk d ks l Ei w. kZ fd ; k r ks mUgksaus ml s U; kjk r Fkk vukfn cukus d s fy,d qN fo' ks"k vkns' k fn; s] ft l l s [ kkyl k i aFk d k Lo: i d Hkh Hkh i fjofr Zr u gks & ¶i wt kvd ky d h] i jpk ' kCn d k , oa nhnkj [ kkyl s d k vFkkZr , d i jefi r k i jes' oj d h i wt k& ekxZ n' kZu Jh xq# xzaFk l kfgc d h ok. kh d k & n' kZu nhnkj l k/ l axr d s A

[ kkyl k vd ky i qj [ k d h QkSt AAi zxfV; ks [ kkyl k i j ekr e d h ekSt AA

••••••••••••••••••••

Documents

{1} - sikhworld.infosikhworld.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Mitr_Mandli.pdf · r Fkk ejh =kfV; k d fy, vi u l >ko r Fkk fopkj l e> voxr djk, ft l l s e vi uh =kfV; k dk i u% l