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Lesson 4- Sketching and Dimensioning Techniques Cave paintings discovered in France indicate that human beings have been using pictures to communicate ideas for tens of thousands of years. The expression “one picture is worth a thousand words” is used in many places. In engineering and architecture, a picture is used to express a design idea, concept, or potential solution for a problem. Sometimes the picture is a simple sketch; other times it is a complex drawing.
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PURPO
SE OF
SKETCHING
Use with pages 37, 38, 39 of your Notebook
PURPOSES OF SKETCHINGThink through a design
Convey your ideas
Uses lines and symbols to describe a design
COMMON USES OF SKETCHING
Brainstorm
Communicate
Document Measurements
ADVANTAGES OF SKETCHINGConvenient
Inexpensive
SKETCH TYPE AND DETAIL
Simple & Less Detail
Vs.
Highly Detailed &Complex
Speed, with neatness, is Key
TYPE OF SKETCH AND AMOUNT OF DETAIL
Depends upon:1. Purpose – What do you want the sketch to
show?
2. Audience – Who is going to view the sketch?
3. Design Intent – Does the sketch show enough detail for full understanding of an idea?
Take Out1. A Pencil
2. Activity Sketching Techniques
(Use Graph Paper on page 39)
SKETCHING TECHNIQUESUse the following slides to properly
sketch several different size;
Inclined Line
Horizontal (Run)
Vert
ical
(Ris
e)Lines Arcs Circles
SKETCHING TECHNIQUESSketching a Line
1) Identify Start and End Points
2) Sketch short light lines connecting points
3) Darken line with short overlapping strokes
SKETCHING TECHNIQUESSketching an Arc
1) Draw light intersecting lines
2) Mark off equal distances where arc will start
3) Sketch diagonal line between marks
SKETCHING TECHNIQUESSketching an Arc Continued
4) Find center mark 5) Sketch the arc
6) Darken object lines
SKETCHING TECHNIQUESSketching a Circle
1) Find Center andSet up the radius
2) Lightly square in the diameter
3) Sketch diagonals
SKETCHING TECHNIQUESSketching a Circle Continued
4) Identify triangle centers
5) Sketch arcs
6) Darken object
ALPHABET OF LINES
Construction Line- Thin light lines that serve as guides while sketching or drawing.
Object Line- A heavy solid line used on a drawing to represent the outline of an object after drawing construction lines.
Hidden Line- A line type that represents an edge that is not directly visible because it is behind or beneath another surface.
Center Line- A line type that is used to indicate the center of circles and arcs.
Also can be used to indicate the axis of symmetry.
A
B
C
D
7. LABEL EACH OF THE LINE TYPES IN THE DRAWING BELOW.
Construction Line
ALPHABET OF LINES
Thin light lines that serve as guides while sketching or drawing.
ALPHABET OF LINES
Object LineA heavy solid line used on a drawing to represent the outline of an object after drawing construction lines.
ALPHABET OF LINESHidden Line
A line type that represents an edge that is not directly visible because it is behind or beneath another surface.
ALPHABET OF LINES
Center Line
A line type that is used to indicate the axis of symmetry for a part or feature. Required in circles and arcs.
SIZE AND PROPORTION
Size: Height, width, depth distances
Proportion: Size of an object relative to
another object
SIZE AND PROPORTIONCompare the houses. Which one is
drawn to proportion?
SIZE AND PROPORTION TECHNIQUE
Using a pencil to measure for size
SIZE AND PROPORTION TECHNIQUE
Using a pencil to measure for size
SHADINGProvides a more realistic image
Shows how light reflects on the object
More appropriate for an artistic sketch
CONCLUSION QUESTIONS:Answer the following questions in complete sentences using specific details in your Journal.
1. How will sketching help you solve technical problems?
2. Why is it important to use the proper line types?
When finished answering questions read Introduction for Sketching Practice
Image Resources
Microsoft, Inc. (2008). Clip Art. Retrieved October 20, 2008, from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx
