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Terrestrial BiomesTerrestrial Biomes
Biomes- Community in a food web all adapted to particular abiotic conditions. So,
the abiotic factors determine the biome!
Biomes- Community in a food web all adapted to particular abiotic conditions. So,
the abiotic factors determine the biome!
Major Terrestrial Biomes:•Tundra•Taiga•Temp Deciduous Forest•Tropical Grasslands•Temperate Grasslands•Tropical Rainforests•Chapparal•Desert
Major Terrestrial Biomes:•Tundra•Taiga•Temp Deciduous Forest•Tropical Grasslands•Temperate Grasslands•Tropical Rainforests•Chapparal•Desert
Abiotic factors determine biomesAbiotic factors determine biomes
Terrestrial Biomes•Latitude- Earth/sun relationship; angle of rays; # daylight hrs•Global atmospheric circulation•Global ocean circulation•Coastal/Continental•Topography- Elevation
Terrestrial Biomes•Latitude- Earth/sun relationship; angle of rays; # daylight hrs•Global atmospheric circulation•Global ocean circulation•Coastal/Continental•Topography- Elevation
Biome VegetationTemperature & Precipitation
Biome VegetationTemperature & Precipitation
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Biome Vegetation, Latitude, and Altitude
Biome Vegetation, Latitude, and Altitude
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Latitude: Distance north or south of the equator measured in degreesAltitude: Height of an object above sea level
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Terrestrial Biomes MapTerrestrial Biomes Map
TundraTundra• Northern Arctic Pole regions• Long, cold winters• Little precipitation• Short growing season• Treeless w/mosses, lichens,
shrubs• Permafrost• Bogs in summer• Musk Oxen, Snowy Owls,
arctic foxes, caribou, migratory birds, insects
• Northern Arctic Pole regions• Long, cold winters• Little precipitation• Short growing season• Treeless w/mosses, lichens,
shrubs• Permafrost• Bogs in summer• Musk Oxen, Snowy Owls,
arctic foxes, caribou, migratory birds, insects
TaigaBoreal ForestTaigaBoreal Forest
• Northern Europe, Asia and N.America
• Largest biome• Cold w/long winters & high
snowfall• Summers bring nearly
constant daylight• Coniferous Forest • Moose, Bear, Wolves,• Snowshoe Hare
• Northern Europe, Asia and N.America
• Largest biome• Cold w/long winters & high
snowfall• Summers bring nearly
constant daylight• Coniferous Forest • Moose, Bear, Wolves,• Snowshoe Hare
Temperate Deciduous ForestTemperate Deciduous Forest
• North Eastern US, Western Europe, Eastern Asia
• Extreme temp differences between winter & summer
• 4 distinct seasons• Trees lose their leaves• Birch, beech, maple, oak• Deer, fox, coyote,
chipmunks/squirrels
• North Eastern US, Western Europe, Eastern Asia
• Extreme temp differences between winter & summer
• 4 distinct seasons• Trees lose their leaves• Birch, beech, maple, oak• Deer, fox, coyote,
chipmunks/squirrels
Tropical Grasslands (Savannas)Tropical Grasslands (Savannas)
• Central S.America, Central Africa, N.Australia, India
• Wet & dry seasons, but warm year round
• Scattered trees, grasses, shrubs• Giraffe, zebra, antelope, lions,
hyenas• Plants w/vertical leaves, large
horizontal roots, thorns
• Central S.America, Central Africa, N.Australia, India
• Wet & dry seasons, but warm year round
• Scattered trees, grasses, shrubs• Giraffe, zebra, antelope, lions,
hyenas• Plants w/vertical leaves, large
horizontal roots, thorns
Temperate Grasslands(Prairies/Steppes)Temperate Grasslands(Prairies/Steppes)• Interior of N. America, S. America, Asia
& Africa• Nutrient rich, fertile soils
– Slow decay• Hot summers/cold winters• Moderate rain, but not enough to
support trees• Tall & short grasses, flowers & herbs
w/deep root systems – Drought & Fire
• Antelope, bison, owls, prairie dogs & prairie chickens
• Interior of N. America, S. America, Asia & Africa
• Nutrient rich, fertile soils – Slow decay
• Hot summers/cold winters• Moderate rain, but not enough to
support trees• Tall & short grasses, flowers & herbs
w/deep root systems – Drought & Fire
• Antelope, bison, owls, prairie dogs & prairie chickens
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Tropical Rain ForestTropical Rain Forest• Around the Equator- SE Asia, C &
S.America, Africa • Wet, Hot, & Humid• >200-450cm rain/year• Strong sunlight all year• Nutrient poor soils (fast decay)• >1/2 of worlds plant & animal species• Produce 40% of Earth’s oxygen and~1/4
of all medicines• Covers 7% Earths surface (used to be 20%)
• Around the Equator- SE Asia, C & S.America, Africa
• Wet, Hot, & Humid• >200-450cm rain/year• Strong sunlight all year• Nutrient poor soils (fast decay)• >1/2 of worlds plant & animal species• Produce 40% of Earth’s oxygen and~1/4
of all medicines• Covers 7% Earths surface (used to be 20%)
Temperate Rain ForestTemperate Rain Forest
• Pacific NW US (Wa), Central Europe, Australia, New Zealand
• High Precipitation & Humidity; Moderate Temps (cool and moist)
• Evergreen trees draped in lichens & mosses
• Ferns• Frogs, bears, wolves, red pandas, wombats
• Pacific NW US (Wa), Central Europe, Australia, New Zealand
• High Precipitation & Humidity; Moderate Temps (cool and moist)
• Evergreen trees draped in lichens & mosses
• Ferns• Frogs, bears, wolves, red pandas, wombats
ChaparralChaparral• West coastal regions of the
Mediterranean, US, Chile, Africa, Australia
• Temperate shrubland• Moisture and temps b/w
grasslands and deserts– Dry, coastal climate, little/no rain in
summer• Small shrubs w/leathery leaves
(water) & oils (fire)– Herbs like Sage and Bay
• Animals adapted to both– Quail, lizards, snakes
• West coastal regions of the Mediterranean, US, Chile, Africa, Australia
• Temperate shrubland• Moisture and temps b/w
grasslands and deserts– Dry, coastal climate, little/no rain in
summer• Small shrubs w/leathery leaves
(water) & oils (fire)– Herbs like Sage and Bay
• Animals adapted to both– Quail, lizards, snakes
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
DesertsDeserts• The Americas, Asia Australia,
& Africa• Precipitation (rain) less than
25cm/year• Scattered vegetation & dry• Very hot days, cold nights• Plants & animals adapted for
little moisture• Cacti (succulents)• Thorny devil, hawks, tortoise,
camels
• The Americas, Asia Australia, & Africa
• Precipitation (rain) less than 25cm/year
• Scattered vegetation & dry• Very hot days, cold nights• Plants & animals adapted for
little moisture• Cacti (succulents)• Thorny devil, hawks, tortoise,
camels
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check
1. What is a biome?2. What are the major terrestrial biomes?3. What are the abiotic factors that dictate terrestrial
biomes?
1. What is a biome?2. What are the major terrestrial biomes?3. What are the abiotic factors that dictate terrestrial
biomes?
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check AnswersTerrestrial Biomes
Self-Check Answers1. What is a biome? Groups of ecosystems with organisms
adapted to particular abiotic factors2. What are the major terrestrial biomes? Tropical Rain Forests, Temperate Deciduous Forests, Taiga, Tropical Grassland, Temperate Grassland, Chaparral, Deserts, and Tundra3. What are the abiotic factors that dictate terrestrial biomes? Latitude, global wind & ocean currents, proximity to water (coastal or inland), topography (elevation).
1. What is a biome? Groups of ecosystems with organisms adapted to particular abiotic factors
2. What are the major terrestrial biomes? Tropical Rain Forests, Temperate Deciduous Forests, Taiga, Tropical Grassland, Temperate Grassland, Chaparral, Deserts, and Tundra3. What are the abiotic factors that dictate terrestrial biomes? Latitude, global wind & ocean currents, proximity to water (coastal or inland), topography (elevation).
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check
4. Which biome has more nutrient rich soil- Rain forests or grasslands?5. What are epiphytes? 6. What two factors help determine the type of vegetation in an ecosystem?7. How are tundra and desert biomes similar?8.In which biome do plants tend to have the deepest root systems?9.Describe two adaptations animals have to help them survive in their biome.
4. Which biome has more nutrient rich soil- Rain forests or grasslands?5. What are epiphytes? 6. What two factors help determine the type of vegetation in an ecosystem?7. How are tundra and desert biomes similar?8.In which biome do plants tend to have the deepest root systems?9.Describe two adaptations animals have to help them survive in their biome.
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check AnswersTerrestrial Biomes
Self-Check Answers4. Which biome has more nutrient rich soil- Rain forests or grasslands? Grasslands- slow decay returning nutrients to the soil5. What are epiphytes? Plants that use the surface of a tree to grow.6.What two factors help determine the type of vegetation in an ecosystem? Temperature & Precipitation7.How are tundra and desert biomes similar? Low Precipitation8. In which biome do plants tend to have the deepest root systems? Temperate Grasslands (Tall prairie grasses)9.Describe two adaptations animals have to help them survive in their biome. Camouflage, nocturnal, thick skin, body armor, long necks & tongues
4. Which biome has more nutrient rich soil- Rain forests or grasslands? Grasslands- slow decay returning nutrients to the soil5. What are epiphytes? Plants that use the surface of a tree to grow.6.What two factors help determine the type of vegetation in an ecosystem? Temperature & Precipitation7.How are tundra and desert biomes similar? Low Precipitation8. In which biome do plants tend to have the deepest root systems? Temperate Grasslands (Tall prairie grasses)9.Describe two adaptations animals have to help them survive in their biome. Camouflage, nocturnal, thick skin, body armor, long necks & tongues
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check
10. Describe two adaptations plants have to help them resist drought and fire.11. Compare and contrast biomes and ecosystems.12. As moisture decreases, what happens to vegetation in a biome?13. What is the relationship between roots and erosion?14. What is permafrost? How does permafrost contribute to the preservation of animals remains like mammoths?
10. Describe two adaptations plants have to help them resist drought and fire.11. Compare and contrast biomes and ecosystems.12. As moisture decreases, what happens to vegetation in a biome?13. What is the relationship between roots and erosion?14. What is permafrost? How does permafrost contribute to the preservation of animals remains like mammoths?
Terrestrial BiomesSelf-Check AnswersTerrestrial Biomes
Self-Check Answers10. Describe two adaptations plants have to help them resist drought and fire. Thick, fleshy leaves, leathery leaves, waxy leaves and deep vertical roots, dense layers of roots, leaves with oils.11. Compare and contrast biomes and ecosystems. Biomes are large regions characterized by particular climate, and types of plants and animals. An ecosystems is a particular community plus the abiotic factors. Ecosystems can be groups into biomes.12. As moisture decreases, what happens to vegetation in a biome? Direct relationship- So, vegetation decreases as moisture decreases13. What is the relationship between roots and erosion? Large roots/root systems hold the soil in place.14. What is permafrost? How does permafrost contribute to the preservation of animals remains like mammoths? Permafrost is the layer of soil in the tundra that remains frozen. Cold temps and frozen ground of the tundra slows bacterial growth so organisms don’t decompose as quickly.
10. Describe two adaptations plants have to help them resist drought and fire. Thick, fleshy leaves, leathery leaves, waxy leaves and deep vertical roots, dense layers of roots, leaves with oils.11. Compare and contrast biomes and ecosystems. Biomes are large regions characterized by particular climate, and types of plants and animals. An ecosystems is a particular community plus the abiotic factors. Ecosystems can be groups into biomes.12. As moisture decreases, what happens to vegetation in a biome? Direct relationship- So, vegetation decreases as moisture decreases13. What is the relationship between roots and erosion? Large roots/root systems hold the soil in place.14. What is permafrost? How does permafrost contribute to the preservation of animals remains like mammoths? Permafrost is the layer of soil in the tundra that remains frozen. Cold temps and frozen ground of the tundra slows bacterial growth so organisms don’t decompose as quickly.
