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Thailand e-Commerce Strategies 110 July 2002
Thailand E-Commerce Strategies
in relationship withNational Economic & Social Development Plan
andNational ICT Strategies (IT 2010 & ICT Master
Plan)
Somnuk Keretho, Ph.D.*Director, Electronic Commerce Resource Center (ECRC)National Electronics and Computer Technology Center
(NECTEC)Thailand
“UNCTAD Expert Meeting on Electronic Commerce Strategies:The Basic Elements of an Enabling Environment for E-Commerce”
Geneva, Palais des Nations10 – 12 July 2002
*Also an assistant professor in Computer Engineering,
Kasetsart University, Thailand.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 210 July 2002
Presentation Outline
National Social & Economic Development Plan
National ICT Policy Framework: IT 2010 National ICT Master Plan (2001-2006)
A Vision of Knowledge-based and Sustainable Society
E-Commerce Strategies Implementing the Vision Conclusion
Thailand e-Commerce Strategies 310 July 2002
Thailand ICT Strategies and Practices
Aligning national ICT policies, strategies and work programs with
The 9th National Economic and Social Development Plan
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 410 July 2002
The 1st National IT Policy: IT 2000
Endorsed by the Cabinet in Feb 1996
National IT Committee (NITC) is institutionalized.Awareness: 1995-1996 were declared the National IT Years.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 510 July 2002
IT2000IT2000 - National IT Policy
GOODGOVERNANCE
Sustainable Economic Power
in Southeast Asia
NATIONALINFORMATION
INFRASTRUCTURE
HUMANRESOURCE
Social Equity and Prosperity
Environmental-friendly Society
ITIT--ENABLED THAILANDENABLED THAILAND
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 610 July 2002
Improvement Opportunities for IT2000
The Leaders from the very top are needed. The Prime Minister is the NITC chairman. Government CIOs Program is a strategic move.
Integration with other development policies Stakeholders from both private & public must
participate from the beginning Implementation/Action Plans must be explicit.
Measuring/Monitoring Mechanisms are needed.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 710 July 2002
Policy Coherence/Integration
IT 2010: National IT Policy Framework National ICT Master Plan (2001-
2006)
The 9th National Social and Economic Development Plan (2001-2006)
Thailand’s Vision Towards the Knowledge-based and Sustainable Society/Economy
+
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 810 July 2002
Timeline for IT2010 and the five-year National ICT Master Plan
96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
IT2000 (1996-2000)
IT2000 (1996-2000)
IT2010 Policy (2001-2010)
IT2010 Policy (2001-2010)
National ICT Master Plan2001-2006
National ICT Master Plan2001-2006
Ninth National Economic and Social
Development Plan 2001-2006
Ninth National Economic and Social
Development Plan 2001-2006
Year
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 910 July 2002
Guiding Principle
Sufficiency Economy“Through his caring leadership, His Majesty has earned the abiding love and profound respect of his people, and through his thinking he has laid the foundation for and inspired his country’s development strategy. His Majesty’s philosophy of a "sufficiency economy" now lies at the heart of Thailand’s development thinking, and indeed it will serve as the blueprint for the country’s next economic and social development plan.”
“The "sufficiency economy" philosophy centres on the concept of moderation and self-reliance. It sets out to shield the country from external shocks, and discourages exploitation of others. Its values include honesty and integrity. It seeks to achieve balance and justice.”
Source: UNCTAD X Conference Statement, Expression of appreciation to His Majesty the King of Thailand, Bangkok 12-19 Feb 2000. http://www.unctad-10.org/pdfs/ux_td388.en.pdf
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1010 July 2002
National IT Policy Framework:National IT Policy Framework: IT2010
Towards the Knowledge-based & Sustainable Towards the Knowledge-based & Sustainable Economy/SocietyEconomy/Society
BuildBuildHuman Human CapitalCapital
PromotePromoteInnovationInnovation
Strengthen Strengthen Information Information
Infrastructure Infrastructure && IndustryIndustry
KnowledgeKnowledgeBased Based
EconomyEconomy
endorsed by National IT Committee
in Oct 2001 www.nitc.go.th
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1110 July 2002
National ICT Master Plan
Thailand e-Commerce Strategies 1210 July 2002
Thailand E-Commerce Strategies and Experiences
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1310 July 2002
E-Commerce Policy FrameworkEC for Entrepreneurs Competitiveness
EC for Exports of Trade & Services, EC for Domestic Consumption
E-Commerce Asthe National Trade Strategy
E-Commerce Asthe National Trade Strategy
Promote the
EC deployment among
business sectors
Promote the
EC deployment among
business sectors
Build Trust &Confidence
Build Trust &Confidence
Governmentrenovates &
creates market
Governmentrenovates &
creates market
Create an environment for fair
competition and protect consumers
Create an environment for fair
competition and protect consumers
Participate proactively with EC-related international forumParticipate proactively with
EC-related international forumPublic hearingand governmentendorsed in 2000
EC Strategyis integratedwithin IT 20101.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1410 July 2002
E-Commerce Strategies
1. International EC Strategy• EC as the National Trade Strategy• Sector-Specific Policies to Promote EC• Integrated International Trade & EC Policy
2. Awareness Strategy3. Legal & Regulatory Strategy4. Payment & Security Strategy5. EC Measurement and Monitoring6. EC Promotion for SME7. Human Capacity Building 8. Infrastructure
• Network Infrastructure• Technical Standards &
Protocols/Interoperability
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1510 July 2002
Strategic Areas of EC Development
ElectronicCommerceStrategies
Prime Movers e.g.ISPs, Marketplaces, SME’s
Sectoral industries
International
Info Resources
R&D
Taxation
ManpowerInternetTelecom
Infrastructure
ConsumerProtection
IPR
Privacy Law
E-transactionLaw
Payment Standard Issues
Authorizationand Certification
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1610 July 2002
Legal Framework
Electronic Transaction Law (incorporating Digital Signature) enacted since Nov 2001
Information Infrastructure Law* According to Section 78 of Thailand
Constitution, a Universal Access Law could ensure
accessibility and equitably for all citizens. Data Privacy Law*
Computer Crime Law*
Electronic Fund Transfer Law***These bills are under reviewed by the cabinet**This law is in a drafted stage by stakeholders
.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1710 July 2002
Economy at the Grass Roots LevelA holistic-approach development
Financial & Healthcare One million baht loan for each village (~70,000 villages)
30-baht Universal Health Care ProjectInfrastructure, Awareness Creation & Education “Internet Tambons”
Internet Access for all 7,000 district administrative offices Thailand “SchoolNet Project” Community-Access Services “Telecenter Project”Product Development, e-Marketing, e-Commerce “One District (Tambon), One Product” (OTOP) e-Commerce for OTOP e.g. ThaiTambon.com
Thailand e-Commerce Strategies 1810 July 2002
Infrastructure & Accessibility
Sustainability & Scalabilityto ensure expandability,
affordability, portability and adoptability
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 1910 July 2002
Internet in Schools
According to UNDP Human Development Report 2001,“Making New Technologies Work for Human Development”,
SchoolNet Thailand is the first nation wide, free-access network for education in South-East Asia.
Narrowing the Digital Divide
Internet
2 Mbps5.6 Mbps
4,300 Schools are now online
CAT
TOT
SchoolNet Access is available free of charge to schools nationwide. Phone call is USD 0.10 per call everywhere
Targeting5,000 Schools by the endof 2002
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2110 July 2002
Content Creation
“I” over “T”
“I”nformation is more important than “T”echnology.*
*Also a policy emphasized the Prime Minister.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2210 July 2002
Digital Library for SchoolNet
Collaboration with Kasetsart University To create educational web sites in Thai language for secondary schools
students Classified into 7 academic subjects;
1000 lessons Computer Science Mathematics Physics Biology Chemistry Environment Engineering
http://school.net.th/library/
KasetsartUniversity
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2310 July 2002
http://school.net.th/library/
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2410 July 2002
Community Empowermen
t
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2510 July 2002
“Internet Tambons” Internet access centers (PCs, Intranet work
for Ministry of Interior, and Internet access for community) at all district offices (~7,000 tambons) End of 2001: 1,000 offices already connected. End of 2002: 3,000 offices more End of 2003: the rest of 3,000 offices
25 information/database systems are also developed to provide useful contents and serve the work of Department of Local Administration, Ministry of Interior (MoI).
Infrastructure
Thailand e-Commerce Strategies 2610 July 2002
E-Commerce for the Grass Roots Level
E-Commerce forLocal Products and Local
Tourist Attractions
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2710 July 2002
www.ThaiTambon.com Supported by Prime Minister Thaksin
Shinawatra, and Community Development Department (MoI) Content development about products
champions of each district July 2002: 4,256 districts - 14,586 products,
6,103 local tourist attractions and 41,907 web pages
Products from community (e.g. house wives, farmers, local handicraft groups, etc.)
End of 2002: All 7,000 districts will be included.
Content Development
For i-Commerce
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2810 July 2002
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 2910 July 2002
Arts and cultural productsReady for the world-wide markets: Quality & Standards Development
Hand-painted benjarong bowls.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3010 July 2002
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3110 July 2002
E-Commerce Maturity Model3 levels of Development
i-Commerce Products Information available on the web,Buying and selling on the usual (analog) channel e.g. telephone, and fax
c-BusinessIntegrating/Collaborating with the back office information systems, e.g inventory and financial systems,and connecting with business partners
t-Commerce Ordering the products online (online transaction),E-Payment could be available online.
1.
3.
2.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3210 July 2002
E-Commerce for Rural DevelopmentCommunity-access centers - Pilot
Projects
E-MailE-Commerce of Local Products
E-Tourism
Telephone/Fax
E-Education
Printing Services
News Services
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3310 July 2002
“e-Commerce Telecenter” Pilot Project
for Community Products and Local Tourist Attractions
Community Access Centers e.g. telephones, fax, Internet access points
Collaborative spirit with the community Information suitable to the need of the community Information available from the community Education, e.g. SchoolNet, Community Training Products Development, e.g. standards, packaging Marketing & Management Logistics and Delivery Payment Transaction
Research/Study e.g. Social and economics impacts of IT in rural areas
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3410 July 2002
Community owned & operated Telecenters – Pilot Projects
Collaboration between many agencies, such as NECTEC, Community Organization Development Institute (NGO), Private Company (under the project funded by CIDA)
Pilot implementation prior to the enactment of National Information Infrastructure Law*
*According to Thailand’s Constitution Section 78:It is the responsibility of the State to provide
information infrastructure universally and equally accessible to all.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3510 July 2002
NECTEC Telecenters Project
Starting small & Learning from communities Concerning social issues, not technology issues Looking from the community perspectives/needs
Community Opinion, Ownership & Operation 4 pilot projects in 4 provinces: Lampang,
Pisanulok, Surin, and Chantaburi. Information Access & E-Commerce Services Business Model Study, e.g. logistics, stocks Social Impact Study, e.g. impact analysis
An initiative to bridge the digital divide in local community
Telecenters are operatedby monks/temples, schools, NGO’s offices, post offices,and Tambons offices.
Thailand e-Commerce Strategies 3710 July 2002
E-Commerce Strategiesfor specific-industrial
sectors
E-Commerce for Fashion (Gems, Jewelry, Clothes, etc.)
E-TourismB2B e-Commerce (e-Distribution)
are among the most successful e-commerce sectors in Thailand
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3810 July 2002
“Trust & Confidence” Samples Of Some Successfule-Business Practices
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 3910 July 2002
Lessons Learned from successfulB2B e-Commerce Business Modelscould be adopted, adjusted and promoted for other industrialsectors.
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 4010 July 2002
Conclusion
PM Thaksin Shinawatra’s Policy Development at the Grass Roots Level Bridge the digital divide gap with IT, but Emphasize more on the “I” than buying the
“T” Focus more on content and skills than purchasing technology
Local Heritage/Wisdom and Education Revolution towards Knowledge-based Economy
IT 2010 combined within the 9th National Social & Economic Plan (2001-2006)
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 4110 July 2002
Conclusion – Key Factors
e-Leaderships Prime Minister, Government CIO’s,
government/private sectors get involved, … National IT Framework and
Implementation Mechanisms Legislation Development Information Infrastructure Content & Information Services
Development Human Resource Development
Thailand e-Commerce Strategies 4210 July 2002
The Challenge is in
“Implementing the Vision.”
Thailand e-Commerce
Strategies 4310 July 2002
Thank you
For more information
www.ecommerce.or.thwww.nitc.go.th
www.nectec.or.th
Somnuk Keretho, Ph.D.Director, Electronic Commerce Resource Center (ECRC)National Electronic and Computer Technology Center
(NECTEC)[email protected]