10 points checklist of problem areas on TOEFL section 2 : Structure and Written Expression

By adhe

1. Check for subject and verbExample Error : The elephant population it has declined rapidly because many of the animals are killed each year.

2. Check verb agreementExample Error : at the Hermitage, Andrew Jackson’s home in Tennesse, even his glasses have been left exactly where he lay them.

3. Check for full subordinationExample Error : Because wanted to learn fast, the girl studied all the time

4. Check the verbalExample Error : the data on the winter migration patterns of the Monarch butterfly is very interested.

5. Check pronoun form, argument, and tenseExample Error : because they usually receive the same score on standardized examinations, there is often disagreement as to whom is the better student, Bob or Hellen

6. Check the word formExample error : the New York City subway system is the most longest underground railroad operating in the world

7. Check the word orderExample error : the policeman asked the man what was he doing

8. Check for a parallel structure

Example Error : Most of the Cajun French who live in Lousiana can neither read nor writing the French variety that they speak fluently

9. Check for unnecessary repetitionExample Error : A good sentence in English is one that is brief, short, and easy to understand

10. Check for a correct usageExample Error : With the develop of a cheap process for desalination, 97 percent of the earth’s water will become available for the fresh - water purpose

Word endings in English

1. Noun ( person )-er-or-ist-ian

2. Noun ( things)- Nce- Ism- Ness- Logy- Ion- Ty

3. Verb- Ate- Ize- Fy

4. Adjective- Ful- Nt- Al- Ble- Ous

5. Adverb- Ly

Example :

Identify, identical, identity, identically, identification

book

Practice more will make you better in English not only passive but also active

Good Luck

Hardly

Fast

Lately

Item

Itemize

I like reading, watching tv,

studyingWatcha = whataya

We shall call it a day for us now

Give up = give in

General

Truth

Schedule

General truth

Rp

Who = Mr. Kenny is my lecturer at historical class.

He is the leader of the cultural faculty.

Mr. Kenny who is my lecturer at my historical class is the leader of the cultural faculty

Whom

Whose

Which

That

Comparison degrees

Positive = she is as tall as her mother

Comparative= she is taller than her mother

Superlative= she is the tallest girl in her family

The population of the US is greater than…

That of Mexico

Mexico’s one

One of the Mexico

Mexicans

It’s = it is

Its = its fur = belong to

Its’= its’ book

Because + sentence

Because of + phrase

Betty scrampher azar

Richard Murphy

Conditional IF

If I have enough money, I will travel to Ireland. = present

If I were you, I would meet him soon = past

If I had known him in my past life, I would

have told him that he is really special = past future

Conditional if inversion :

If I had had book, I would have told you

Had I had book, I would have told you

A tire , being inanimate

Seldom did he help me

Adverbial + auxiliary + S + V

Never , rarely, Not until, not even once , never again, hardly, not only,

I didn’t come because it rained

I didn’t come because of rain

Know how = to have practical

understanding of something

Take after = similar= the death ring for

Take about

Take back

Take down

Take for

Take from

Take in

Take off

Take on

Take over

As

1. As a member of the class, Do as I say

2. As far as I know him, he is really polite

3. As for me, you are my worl d now

Allow + indirect obj + to infinitive

The harder the worse

The taller the worse

Its = its fur = leather = skin

Leave out all the rest

It’s = it is

Its rain

It rains

It is raining

When we are studying English it rains

That is the music to which I listen

Talk to

Speak with

Double comparative

1. The + comparative + S + V + the +

comparative + S + V Example : the sooner I leave, the earlier I will arrive at your house

2. The more + S + V + the + comparative + S + VExample : the more we get together,

the happier we will beIts = possessive Verse = noun Martin H manserI am eat = I am eating a cake = a cake was being eaten by me

I was eating the cake = the cake

was being eaten by me I read a book = a book is read by me The mosque was being built in 2006, when the constitution was commemorating the founder’s day