10 SCP Commands to Transfer Files_Folders in Linux.pdf

21.11.2014 10 SCP Commands to Transfer Files/Folders in Linux

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10SCPCommandstoTransferFiles/FoldersinLinux

ByPungkiAriantoUnder:LinuxCommandsOn:October4,2013

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LinuxadministratorshouldbefamiliarwithCLIenvironment.SinceGUImodeinLinuxserversisnotacommontobeinstalled.SSHmaythemostpopularprotocoltoenableLinuxadministratortomanagetheserversviaremoteinsecureway.BuiltinwithSSHcommandthereisSCPcommand.SCPisusedtocopyfile(s)betweenserversinsecureway.

Key SCP SSHServer LinuxFree



10LinuxSCPCommands

Thebelowcommandwillreadascopysource_file_nameintodestination_folderatdestination_hostusingusernameaccount.

BasicsyntaxofSCP

scp source_file_name username@destination_host:destination_folder

TherearemuchparametersinSCPcommandthatyoucanuse.Herearetheparametersthatmayusefulondailybasisusage.

ProvidethedetailinformationofSCPprocessusingvparameter

BasicSCPcommandwithoutparameterwillcopythefilesinbackground.Userwillseenothingunlesstheprocessisdoneorsomeerrorappears.Youcanusevparametertoprintdebuginformationintothescreen.Itcanhelpyoudebuggingconnection,authenticationandconfigurationproblems.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -v Label.pdf [email protected]:.

SampleOutput

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -t .OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_configdebug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.debug1: Connection established.debug1: Host '202.x.x.x' is known and matches the RSA host key.debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correctdebug1: Next authentication method: [email protected]'s password:debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).Sending file modes: C0770 3760348 Label.pdfSink: C0770 3760348 Label.pdfLabel.pdf 100% 3672KB 136.0KB/s 00:27Transferred: sent 3766304, received 3000 bytes, in 65.2 secondsBytes per second: sent 57766.4, received 46.0debug1: Exit status 0

Providemodificationtimes,accesstimes,andmodesfromoriginalfiles



Thepparameterwillhelpyouonthis.Anestimatedtimeandtheconnectionspeedwillappearonthescreen.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -p Label.pdf [email protected]:.

SampleOutput

[email protected]'s password:Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 126.6KB/s 00:29

MakefiletransferfasterusingCparameter

OneofparameterthatcanfasteryourfiletransferisCparameter.TheCparameterwillcompressyourfilesonthego.Theuniquethingisthecompressionisonlyhappeninthenetwork.Whenthefileisarrivedtothedestinationserver,itwillreturningintotheoriginalsizeasbeforethecompressionhappen.

Takealookofthesecommands.Itisusingasinglefileof93Mb.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -pv messages.log [email protected]:.

SampleOutput

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -p -t .OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_configdebug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.debug1: Connection established.debug1: identity file /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa type -1debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correctdebug1: Trying private key: /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsadebug1: Next authentication method: [email protected]'s password:debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).debug1: Sending command: scp -v -p -t .File mtime 1323853868 atime 1380425711Sending file timestamps: T1323853868 0 1380425711 0messages.log 100% 93MB 58.6KB/s 27:05Transferred: sent 97614832, received 25976 bytes, in 1661.3 secondsBytes per second: sent 58758.4, received 15.6debug1: Exit status 0

CopyingfilewithoutCparameterwillresult1661.3second.YomaycomparetheresulttothecommandbelowwhichusingCparameter.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -Cpv messages.log [email protected]:.

SampleOutput

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -p -t .OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_configdebug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.debug1: Connection established.debug1: identity file /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa type -1debug1: Host '202.x.x.x' is known and matches the RSA host key.debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correctdebug1: Next authentication method: publickeydebug1: Trying private key: /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsadebug1: Next authentication method: [email protected]'s password:debug1: Enabling compression at level 6.



debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]debug1: Sending command: scp -v -p -t .File mtime 1323853868 atime 1380428748Sending file timestamps: T1323853868 0 1380428748 0Sink: T1323853868 0 1380428748 0Sending file modes: C0600 97517300 messages.logmessages.log 100% 93MB 602.7KB/s 02:38Transferred: sent 8905840, received 15768 bytes, in 162.5 secondsBytes per second: sent 54813.9, received 97.0debug1: Exit status 0debug1: compress outgoing: raw data 97571111, compressed 8806191, factor 0.09debug1: compress incoming: raw data 7885, compressed 3821, factor 0.48

Asyoucansee,whenyouareusingcompression,transferprocessisdonein162.5second.Itis10timesfasterthannotusingCparameter.Ifyouarecopyingalotfilesacrossthenetwork,Cparameterwouldhelpyoutodecreasethetotaltimeyouneed.

Thethingthatweshouldnoticethatcompressionmethodwillnotworkonanyfiles.Whenthesourcefileisalreadycompressed,youwillnotfindanyimprovementthere.Filessuchas.zip,.rar,pictures,and.isofileswillnotaffectedbyCparameter.

Selectanotherciphertoencryptfiles

BydefaultSCPusingAES128toencryptfiles.Ifyouwanttochangetoanotherciphertoencryptit,youcanusecparameter.Takealookofthiscommand.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -c 3des Label.pdf [email protected]:.


AbovecommandtellSCPtouse3desalgorithmtoencryptfile.PleasebecarefulthatthisparameterusingcnotC.

Limitingbandwidthusage

Anotherparameterthatmayusefulislparameter.Thelparameterwilllimitthebandwidthtouse.Itwillbeusefulifyoudoanautomationscripttocopyalotoffile,butyoudontwantthebandwidthisdrainedbytheSCPprocess.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -l 400 Label.pdf [email protected]:.


The400valuebehindlparameterismeanthatwelimitthebandwidthforSCPprocessonly50KB/sec.OnethingtorememberthatbandwidthisspecifiedinKilobits/sec(kbps).Itismeanthat8bitsequalwith1byte.

WhileSCPcountsinKilobyte/sec(KB/s).SoifyouwanttolimityourbandwidthforSCPmaximumonly50KB/s,youneedtosetitinto50x8=400.

SpecifyspecificporttousewithSCP

UsuallySCPisusingport22asadefaultport.Butforsecurityreason,youmaychangetheportintoanotherport.Forexample,weareusingport2249.Thenthecommandshouldbelikethis.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -P 2249 Label.pdf [email protected]:.




MakesurethatitusecapitalPnotp,sincepisalreadyusedforpreservedtimesandmodes.

Copyfilesinsidedirectoryrecursively

Sometimesweneedtocopydirectoryandallfiles/directoriesinsideit.Itwillbebetterifwecandoitin1command.SCPsupportthatscenariousingrparameter.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -r documents [email protected]:.

[email protected]'s password:Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13scp.txt 100% 10KB 9.8KB/s 00:00

Whenthecopyprocessisdone,atthedestinationserveryouwillfoundadirectorynameddocumentswithallitsfiles.Thefolderdocumentsisautomaticallycreated.

Disableprogressmeterandwarning/diagnosticmessage

Ifyouchoosenottoseeprogressmeterandwarning/diagnosticmessagesfromSCP,youmaydisableitusingqparameter.Herestheexample.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -q Label.pdf [email protected]:.

[email protected]'s password:pungki@mint ~/Documents $

Asyoucansee,aftertheyouenterthepassword,thereisnoanyinformationaboutSCPprocess.Aftertheprocessiscomplete,youwillbeseeapromptagain.

CopyfilesusingSCPthroughProxy

Proxyserverisusuallyusedinofficeenvironment.Natively,SCPisnotproxyconfigured.Whenyourenvironmentusingproxy,youhavetotellSCPtocommunicatewiththeproxy.

Heresthescenario.Theproxyaddressis10.0.96.6andtheproxyportis8080.Theproxyalsoimplementeduserauthentication.First,youneedtocreate~/.ssh/configfile.Secondyouputthiscommandinsideit.

ProxyCommand /usr/bin/corkscrew 10.0.96.6 8080 %h %p ~/.ssh/proxyauth

Thenyouneedtocreatefile~/.ssh/proxyauthwhichcontain.

myusername:mypassword

AfterthatyoucandoSCPtransparentlyasusual.

Pleasenoticethatcorkscrewismightnotinstalledyetonyoursystem.OnmyLinuxMint,Ineedtoinstallitfirst,usingstandardLinuxMintinstallationprocedure.

$ apt-get install corkscrew

Forotheryumbasedsystems,userscaninstallcorkscrewusingthefollowingyumcommand.

# yum install corkscrew

Anotherthingthatsince~/.ssh/proxyauthfilecontainyourusernameandpasswordincleartextformat,pleasemakesurethatthefilecanbeaccessedbyyouonly.

Selectdifferentssh_configfile

Formobileuserwhooftenswitchbetweencompanynetworkandpublicnetwork,itwillbesuffertoalwayschangesettingsinSCP.Itisbetterifwecanputadifferentssh_configfiletomatchourneeds.



Bio LatestPosts

Heresasamplescenario

Proxyisusedincompanynetworkbutnotinpublicnetworkandyouareregularlyswitchnetwork.

pungki@mint ~/Documents $ scp -F /home/pungki/proxy_ssh_config Label.pdf

[email protected]:[email protected]'s password:Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13

Bydefaultssh_configfileperuserwillbeplacedin~/.ssh/config.Creatingaspecificssh_configfilewithproxycompatible,willmakeyoueasiertoswitchbetweennetworks.

Whenyouareoncompanynetwork,youcanuseFparameter.Whenyouareonpublicnetwork,youcanskipFparameter.

ThatsallaboutSCP.YoucanseemanpagesofSCPformoredetail.Pleasefeelfreetoleavecommentsandsuggestions.

PungkiArianto

CurrentlyIamaLinux/Unixadministrator.ButIalsoplayWindowsbothinserveranddesktoparea.Interestedininformationtechnology,informationsecurityandwriting.

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24Responses

Kamisays:1. October5,2013at3:04am

Thanks,greatandvaluablesummary.

Reply

RoseHosting.comsays:2. October5,2013at6:27pm

nicewriteuponmostcommonscpusageexamples.itwillsurelybeusefultoanyonelookingonhowtousescp.

toaddtoit,onecanalsousescptoedit/createfilesremotelyusingvim+scp.forexample,toedit/etc/hostsonaremoteserverwheresshislisteningonport8822onecando:

vimscp://root@:8822//etc/hosts

ifsshisonitsdefaultport22thenthe:8822partcanbeomitted

itcomeshandysometimessoIthoughtwillshareitwithyou)

Reply

PungkiAriantosays:October8,2013at2:12pm

Thankyouforyourshare.Itishandy:)

Reply

3. Rahulsays:October6,2013at7:48am

[email protected]:.

compressoptionmostusefultomeasitransferlotoffilesthatcouldbecompressed.

Reply


Thankyou.Nicetoseethisarticlecanbeuseful



Reply

4. Johnsays:October6,2013at11:03am

Itsworthnotingthatrsyncwillhappilycopyoversshandwillthereforedoalloftheabovewiththesamesecuritybutwithmuchmorepowerfulcopyingoptions.

Reply

marksays:November20,2014at1:36am

Andrsyncwillalsocopyhiddenfileswhilescpdoesnot

Reply

5. HkonNsays:October6,2013at4:50pm

WhileSCPcountsinKilobyte/sec(KB/s).SoifyouwanttolimityourbandwidthforSCPmaximumonly50KB/s,youneedtosetitinto50x8=400.

SCPcountsinkilobits,youmean.Kb/s.Otherwiseyouwouldnthavetomultiply..

Reply


Yes.Itwasmymistake.ImeanSCPcountinkilobits.IcrosscheckedwithSCPmanualpages.Thankyou

Reply

6. HkonNsays:October6,2013at4:52pm

SCPdisplaysthespeedinKB/swouldbebettertosay.Youshouldclearifyitmorethattheparameterexpectsbits,butitdisplaysinbytes..

Reply

7. mariosays:November16,2013at5:39am

Thanksalotveryuseful!Keepwriting,please!

Reply

PungkiAriantosays:November19,2013at12:02am

Thankyouverymuch.



Reply

8. Aktarsays:January27,2014at10:59am

ThanksalotfortheinfoItsveryuseful.

Reply

9. Aktarsays:January27,2014at11:03am

Justwantedtoknowindetailhowwecanusedifferentconfigfile.Wouldbereallygreatifyouprovidethedetaileddescription.

Reply

10. Nitinsays:February26,2014at3:35pm

Hi,Thanksforsharingimportantinformation,buthoweveritdoesnotsolvemyproblem.

Ihaveonebackupserverandonemainftpserver.Ihavetoexecuteascriptfrombackupservertomovethefilesfromapath1onmainftpservertoanotherpath2onthesamemainftpserver.Icannotusesshforthis.

Canyousuggestmehowcaniperformthis??

Anyinformationandguidancewillbeappreciable.

Thanksagainfortheinformation.

Reply

11. Adnsays:March31,2014at12:56am

Thisisaterrificpost!Ithelpedmetobackupallofmydatafrommypreviouscomputertomynewone.Thescprandyoujustsavedmealotofmoney!Haha

ThankyousomuchandkeepgoingonsharingallofthishelpfulstufftoalltheLinuxcommunity.

Reply

12. Willsays:April10,2014at12:30am

Incrediblyusefulstuff.Thanksomuchforpublishing.Cisalifesaver!

Reply

13. MarkChamberssays:April14,2014at1:29pm



Excellentwriteup.Veryhelpful.Thankyou!ButthelocaluserdirectoryonMacOSXwasntbeingrecognizedforme.Itkeptthrowingmeanosuchdirectoryerror.Icouldonlygetittofindafolderinmyrootdirectory,butthetransferbrokeoffandnothingwasactuallycopied,possilbyduetopermissionsaccessingarootdirectory,forwhichIneededapasswordjusttocreateanewfolder.Anysuggestions?

Mycommandwasasfollows,forcopyingremotetolocal:scpprCroot@lvps17877101202:/var/www/vhosts~/Downloads/ppcombackup

Reply

14. TonyKellersays:July23,2014at12:59am

WhatisthepathsyntaxforcopyingafilefromaLinuxboxtoaWindowsbox?Iwillhaveakeysomycommandwouldlike:

scp$FILE_HOME/${CSV1}svc_usercopy@$job_server:D:\KronosMasterFileDirectory\Employees\EmployeesImport.csv

IdontknowiftheLinuxservercareswhattheWindowsdirectorylookslikeornot.Anyideasonhowthisshouldlook?

Reply

RaviSaivesays:July23,2014at3:26pm

Noidea,neverevertriedthis.

Reply

15. Jagdishkumarsays:July31,2014at2:38pm

Hi,

IjustwanttosayyouAllguysforsharinghelpfulinformation.Pleasekeepitupsowecanlearnalot:):)

Reply

16. Guilhermesays:August1,2014at12:59pm

Ialsowanttoletyouknowhowthiswashelpfulforme!

Reply

17. MrGenkisays:August25,2014at11:08am

ISSHedintomyiphone,andattemptedtocopyafileontolocalhost.Whenaskedforapassword,ienteredmypasswordiusetologintothelocalhost,howeverigetapasswordincorrecterror.anysuggestions?

Reply



18. GauravGuptasays:September22,2014at7:36pm

Helpfulblog

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