2010/5/20

1

E h t f S i i R i t f B ildiEnhancement of Seismic Resistance of Buildings

15-16 March 2010

1

Taiki Saito

Chief Research EngineerInternational Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering,

Building Research Institute

Enhancement of seismic resistance of buildings is the high priority in Peru to reduce the human losses due to earthquakes. To achieve this objective, we set the following research subjects:

1. Development of seismic performance model of buildings in Peru

2. Development of seismic evaluation and2. Development of seismic evaluation and rehabilitation technologies for buildings in Peru

3. Enhancement plan of seismic resistance of buildings in Peru

4. Dissemination of knowledge to Latin countries

2010/5/20

2

Development of seismic performance model of buildings in Perumodel of buildings in Peru

Identification of building types Study of building damage (in Peru, Chile)

Creating database of test results and models Conducting structural tests Development of performance model

stone

adobe

masonrymasonry

RC

2010/5/20

3

Quite a few researches have been done conducting structural tests of masonry structures around the world to evaluate the

Creating database of test results and models

- Material properties- Failure patterns- Mathematical models- Design equations- etc.

tests of masonry structures around the world to evaluate the seismic resistance capacity. However, the test results and obtained knowledge are not shared among countries.

etc.

Database for seismic performance of masonry structures are quite useful to share the knowledge and develop effective technology to enhance seismic resistance of buildings.

piece

mortar

thickness (t)load

load

Height (h)

Specimen for compression test

piece

mortar

thickness (t)load

load

Height (h)

Specimen for compression test

piece

mortar

thickness (t)load

load

Height (h)

Specimen for compression testload

load

L2

L1

L2 L1

load

load

L2

L1

L2 L1

Conducting structural tests

Compression test on masonry prism

Di l

Full scale test of confined masonry house

Diagonal compression test on masonry prism

2010/5/20

4

Flexural and Rocking FailuresFlexural and Rocking Failures

Flexural Failure Rocking Failure

Shear FailuresShear Failures

Sliding Failure Diagonal FailureJoint Failure

Out of Plane FailuresOut of Plane Failures

Out-of-plane failure tests are very limited since it requires dynamic loading facility

Tilting table test of Adobe house in El Salvador, JICA-TAISHIN Project

Shaking table test, Sidney

2010/5/20

5

Development of seismic evaluation and rehabilitation technologies for buildings in Perurehabilitation technologies for buildings in Peru

Development of seismic screening method of buildings Computer simulation for seismic evaluation

Development of rehabilitation technologies Conducting structural tests to verify the technologies Conducting structural tests to verify the technologies

Seismic Structural Index Is

TSFCI DS

Seismic Evaluation Standard in Japan

ϕ: story indexSD: irregularity index T: age index

C (Resistance)

I ＞0 6

To be strong?

Is＞0.6 (Safe)

Seismic IndexIs＜0.6 (Danger)

F (Ductility)

To be ductile

Existing Building

2010/5/20

6

Computer simulation for seismic evaluationDEM analysisFEM analysis

Frame analysis (STERA 3D Software)

Development of rehabilitation technologies

Is = (φ× C×F ) × S × T

Improve CReplace brick wall to infill RC wall

C (Resistance)

Is＞0.6 (Safe)

Improve C & F Retrofitting by steel brace

Seismic index in Japanese screening method

Is (φ× C×F ) × SD × T

Improve F

Retrofitting by FRP sheetF (Ductility)

(Safe)

Seismic IndexIs＜0.6 (Danger)

Existing Building

2010/5/20

7

Development of rehabilitation technologies

Oil DamperRetrofit using seismic dampers

Damper

Damper

(Safe)

C (Resistance)

OILES Co.http://www.oiles.co.jp

Oil Damper

Steel Damper

Energy dissipation by Dampers

(Danger)

Existing Building

F (Ductility)

Kajima Co.http://www.kajima.co.jp

Many other devices

Development of rehabilitation technologies

Retrofit using seismic isolation

Laminated Rubber bearing

(Safe)

C (Resistance)

Lead damper

Steel damper

Existing Building

( )

(Danger)

F (Ductility)

2010/5/20

8

Enhancement plan of seismic resistance of buildings in Perubuildings in Peru

Study on specific buildings in Peru Important buildings (church, hospital, school, etc.) Historical buildings (world heritage, colonial age, etc.) Residential buildings (in urban area)

Test and analysis of existing buildings Non-destructive test such as micro-tremor measurement Sampling test for material strength Computer simulation of seismic performance

Proposal of enhancement plan

Protection of world heritage against earthquakes

Micro tremor measurement

①②

③④⑦

⑧

Location of microtremor measurements

①②

③④⑦

⑧

①②

③④⑦

⑧

Location of microtremor measurements

FEM analysis

⑤

⑥

⑧⑤

⑥

⑧⑤

⑥

⑧

2010/5/20

9

Seismic vulnerability assessment of Lima Centro

on 16 March, 2010

5-year activity plan Database Structural test Structural analysis

List of input Equipment

P l Personnel List of output Evaluation method Rehabilitation method Enhancement plan