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10.1 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Goals Understand sites
Design a site structure
Understand operations masters
Place domain controllers
10.2 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Sites
Logical representations of physical structure
Locations where all computers are well-connected
Well-connected means that all computers in a single site are connected by high-speed, reliable, and cost-effective links (such as a LAN)
Sites and site links have three main purposes
Controlling replication
Providing local logons
Controlling certain directory-enabled applications (Dfs)
Understanding Sites
(Skill 1)
10.3 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Controlling replication
Types of replication
Intrasite
Occurs spontaneously based on database changes
Allows for fast database convergence, but can be chaotic and bandwidth-intensive
Intersite
Occurs between designated bridgehead servers according to a schedule and interval
Always compressed
Path can be influenced by modifying the costs associated with site links
Understanding Sites (2)
(Skill 1)
10.4 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Site link properties
Sites participating in the link
Schedule upon which the link should be used
Interval in which replication will occur over the link
Cost for the link
Understanding Sites (3)
(Skill 1)
10.5 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Figure 10-2 an example site link
(Skill 1)
10.6 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Site design
An important aspect of overall Active Directory design
Components
Defining sites
Associating subnets with sites
Defining site links
Defining site link bridge
Defining preferred bridgeheads
Designing a Site Structure
(Skill 2)
10.7 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Defining sites
In most networks, each physical location is its own site
If links between locations are fast, reliable, and inexpensive, may be able to combine more than one physical location into a single site
Designing a Site Structure (2)
(Skill 2)
10.8 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Associating subnets with sites
Subnets are used to allow clients to determine the site to which they are connected in order to correctly locate local servers
Create and configure site links
Mirror physical connectivity
Specify site link properties: cost, schedule, and interval
Designing a Site Structure (3)
(Skill 2)
10.9 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Site link schedule
To define, analyze the physical link(s) between sites with a monitoring application to determine periods of peak activity and amount of available bandwidth during period
If link(s) have a low amount of available bandwidth during peak periods, configure a schedule for the site link that excludes peak periods
Designing a Site Structure (4)
(Skill 2)
10.10 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Site link bridging
Automatically enabled by default
Allows direct replication to occur between sites that do not have a dedicated site link
Designing a Site Structure (7)
(Skill 2)
10.11 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Preferred bridgeheads
Bridgeheads are the focus of intersite replication
Knowledge Consistency Checker
Creates connection objects only between bridgehead servers for intersite replication
You can provide KCC with a list of one or more preferred bridgehead servers
Designing a Site Structure (8)
(Skill 2)
10.12 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Figure 10-8 Automatic site link bridging allows replication from site A to site C
(Skill 2)
10.13 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Figure 10-10 Specifying a preferred bridgehead
server
(Skill 2)
10.14 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Flexible Single Masters of Operations (FSMOs)
Commonly referred to as operations masters
Two general types of functions
Forest-wide operations master roles
Schema master
Domain naming master
Domain-wide operations master roles
Primary domain controller (PDC) emulator
Relative identifier (RID) master
Infrastructure master
Understanding Operations Masters
(Skill 3)
10.15 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Flexible Single Masters of Operations (FSMOs)
When you create the first domain in a new forest, all five operations master roles are assigned to the first domain controller in the domain
In child domains, only the domain-wide operations masters roles are assigned to the first domain controller in the domain
Understanding Operations Masters (2)
(Skill 3)
10.16 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Domain controller placement
Goals
Ensure that logons are possible regardless of any single point of failure
Ensure that logons are performed locally whenever possible
Each site should contain at least one domain controller
To ensure local logons in case of any single point of failure, need two domain controllers
Placing Domain Controllers
(Skill 4)
10.17 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Also analyze need for supporting servers
Global catalog server
DNS servers
DHCP servers
WINS server
Placing Domain Controllers (2)
(Skill 4)
10.18 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Placement of FSMO roles
Assign two forest-wide roles to a high-uptime server
Assign schema master and domain naming master roles to a single domain controller
Always have at least one additional domain controller to act as a standby operations master
Assign both the RID master and PDC emulator roles to the same domain controller
Do not assign the infrastructure master role to a domain controller that is also a global catalog server if there is more than one domain
Placing Domain Controllers (3)
(Skill 4)
10.19 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Figure 10-11 Planning forest-wide operations master roles
(Skill 4)
10.20 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-297 Designing a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure
Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure
Figure 10-12 Planning domain-wide operations
master roles
(Skill 4)