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10.1
Behavior
Cell-network
Protein
Gene G2 G3G1
P1
Environment(stimuli, nutrients, temperature, etc.)
G4
P2 P3 P4
C2 C3 C4
B2 B3 B4
10.2
Healthy queen(diploid)
Nonhealthy drone(haploid)
uurr X UR
Unhealthy workers(diploid)
uUrR
BACKCROSS
Healthy queen(diploid) uurr X
uruRUrUR
F1 drones from unfertilized eggs
(haploid)
EXPECTED: 25% 25% 25% 25%
OBSERVED: 21% 31% 21% 27%
r: removes dead larvae U: fails to uncap R: fails to removeu: uncaps cells
10.3
P(parental population)
Ch
arac
ter
Frequency
High
Low
F1
(first filial generation)
F2
(second filial generation)
Ch
arac
ter
FrequencyC
har
acte
r
Frequency
Ch
arac
ter
Frequency
Ch
arac
ter
Frequency
10.4
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Parental Control High Low
Groups
Dis
crim
ina
tion
Sco
re
CS+
CS-
10.5
0
1
2
3
4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Generations
Pro
port
ion
of F
lies
Avo
idin
g C
S+
High
Low
F1 cross
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Generations
Geo
tact
ic S
core
High
Low
High relaxed
Low relaxed
10.6
40
45
50
55
60
Per
cent
age
of M
atin
gs
Within
Between
Selected lines Adh strain Wild type
10.7
10.8
bmal1
clk CLOCK
BMAL1 E-box
E-box
per 1,2,3
cry 1,2
PER
CRY
(a)
(b)
Exp
ress
ion
(% o
f m
axim
um
)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Time (h)
0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 24
per
PER
BMAL1
bmal1
Acquisition training STM MTM
LTM(spaced training)
ARM(massed training)
• dunce• rutabaga• fasciclin II• volado • amnesiac
• radish
• CREB?
10.9
1 7 14 21 28 30 Training (Days) Recall
(elevated CaMKII)
1 7 14 21 28 30 Training (Days) Recall
1 7 14 21 28 30 Training (Days) Recall
1 7 14 21 28 30 Training (Days) Recall
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Context CS
Fre
ezi
ng
(%
)
Wild Type
Transgenic
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Context CS
Fre
ezi
ng
(%
)
Wild Type
Transgenic
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Context CS
Fre
ezi
ng
(%
)
Wild Type
Transgenic
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Context CS
Fre
ezi
ng
(%
)
Wild Type
Transgenic
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
10.10
