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04/20/23 2
Career Planning Process
Process of studying careers, assessing yourself in terms of careers, & making decisions about a future career
Career – goal for work that is fulfilled through an occupation or series of occupations
Your study of careers – early career planning will help you choose the right courses in school
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Career training
Many careers require education & training beyond high school Educational alternatives:
Two-year schools Four-year colleges & universities Private business schools
Consider the cost for further schooling as an investment in your future that will help you earn higher wages & expand your potential.
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Career information resources
Print & media sources Occupational outlook quarterly Occupational outlook handbook Career World Magazine Encyclopedia of Careers & Vocational Guidance
Online sources
Informational interviews – planned discussion with a worker who is willing to help you find out about the work that a person does, preparation needed for a career, & person’s feelings about the career
Help you gain insight into what actually happens in a specific career area.
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Suggested Questions
How did you get your current job?
In what ways do you find your work most satisfying? What are your main frustrations?
What tasks & activities are required in your work?
What are the most important qualifications for working in this field?
What advice would you give a young person who is thinking about this type of work?
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Keep notes on what you learn in your informational interviews
Experiences of others can provide key career planning information
Job shadow- allows you to spend time with a worker for a day or week to learn about a certain occupation (ask your guidance counselor or teacher)
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Business contacts
Networking – process of talking to other people about their jobs
Every person that you meet is a potential contact and can provide support when you start work later in life
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Growth career areas
Future employment opportunities are influenced by geography & business trends
Geographic influences – there may be reasons why you would prefer to live & work near your home
Mobility – willingness & ability of a person to move to where jobs are located
Lack of mobility could lead to unemployment
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Economic & industry trends
Consumer demand, changing demographic trends & new technology are factors that often affect career opportunities
Service industries are expected to have the greatest employment potential
Think about your personal interests & abilities in addition to economic & business trends
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Planning your career
Personal assessments give you a better understanding of the careers that will be best for you
With a thorough self-assessment, you will be more likely to have a satisfying & successful career
Interests
Values – things that are important to you
Talents & abilities
Talent – natural, inborn aptitude to do certain things Ability – quality of being able to perform a mental or physical task
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Employment experience
Work-study programs – combines school with work-related experience
Internships- work experience in organizations while learning about a career field.
Part-time employment – gives you a chance to see if you enjoy a particular career field and helps you make contacts
Volunteer activities – involvement in community service
School activities – school clubs & organizations can result in a range of valuable skills. Goal setting, planning, supervising, & delegating responsibility are activities needed in many employment settings.
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Sources of available jobs
The media
Personal contacts
Business contacts
Career fairs
Governmental employment offices
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Applying for employment
Application activities
Personal data sheet- summary of your important job-related information. List education & work experience as well as your references
Application form – asks for information related to employment
Resume- tool that provides information about you to a potential employer Personal information Career objective – personal employment goal Education Experience Career-related honors & other activities
Be sure your resume is presented in a professional manner – clean, organized, with no errors. Limit your resume to one page.
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References
List of people who can give a report about your character, education, & work habits
Teachers, previous employers, supervisors, or co workers.
Be sure to obtain permission from the people who you plan to use as references
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Career portfolio
Tangible evidence of your ability & skills
Include the following: resume, sample reports, presentation materials from school projects, articles of community activities you have participated in, & letters of recommendation
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Application cover letter
Expresses your interest in the job
Draw attention & interest from the reader
Introduction – indicate reason for writing, brief summary of your experience & qualifications
Development – highlight background & experiences that specifically qualify you for the job
Conclusion - ask for the opportunity to discuss your qualifications in more detail
Targeted letter
Quick summary of your ability to meet the needs of an organization
Emphasize achievements & skills so you will be invited for an interview.
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Online application process
Online applications
May also be asked some preliminary questions to determine your suitability for the position available
Avoid bold, underline, and italics
Do not use attached files that may be difficult to open
Online resumes are scanned for keywords to identify candidates with necessary job qualifications
Cyber interviewing
Screening interview using video conferencing
Others require that you post preliminary interview responses online
May also be used to test a person’s ability in job-related situations.
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Securing a job
Interview process
Employment interview- two-way conversation in which the interviewer learns about you & you learn about the job & the company
Before you interview Prepare by obtaining more information about
your prospective employer & the job for which you’re applying
Typical questions that you should ask
What training opportunities are available to employees?
What qualities do your most successful employees possess?
What new opportunities are your company considering in the next few years?
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During the interview
Appearance, manners, use of language, & general ability for the job are things they’re looking at
Avoid talking too much, but answer each question completely using good eye contact
Stay calm & thank the interviewer for the opportunity to discuss the job & your qualifications
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After the interview
Send a follow-up letter to express your appreciation for the opportunity to interview
Evaluate your interview performance
Write notes about areas in which you need improvement
Be patient after the interview. It may take a couple weeks for them to complete all their interviews & make a selection
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Job offers
Consider several factors before accepting or declining the position
Salary & financial factors – the type of work & your experience will affect your rate of pay
Position may also include employee benefits (insurance, vacation time, & retirement programs)
Part-time or seasonal employees may or may not be offered benefits
Organizational environment
Leadership style, dress code, the physical workspace, & social atmosphere should be explored as well when making a decision
Advancement potential & training programs should be assessed also
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On-the-job behavior
Job success strategies – Things to consider as you prepare for the first day of work
Ask questions Avoid complaining Honor the time for breaks Consider your appearance Be on time Be friendly with everyone Show you are dependable Follow the rules
Mentor
Experienced employee who serves as counselor to a person with less experience
Frequently offer specific advice related to work assignments as well as general career guidance
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