• 10/26 Focus:– The first quarter quarterly exam will

be next Tuesday 10/30.

• Do Now:– Explain the difference between the

Paleolithic era and Neolithic era.

• 11/4 Focus:– The Neolithic Revolution led to

development of permanent settlements and then to the development of civilizations in river valleys.

• Do Now:– Identify two reasons that civilizations

developed in river valleys

Quarterly Exam Review

• Fields of Study and social science tools• Early Humans• Neolithic Revolution & Growth of

Civilizations• River Valley Civilizations:

– Mesopotamia – Egypt – India – China

Economists

• Study the following: – Scarcity of resources– What a society should produce– How to produce it and for whom– Distribution of goods and services

Sociologists

• Study society and social behavior

Archeologists

• Study the physical artifacts of a society

Political Scientists

• Study the origin, development, and operation of political systems

Historians

• Research, analyze, and interpret the past

• Use primary and secondary sources

Anthropologists Anthropologists

• Study the origin and the physical, social, and cultural development of humans

Geographers

• Study the connection between people and the places where they live

1. Which social scientist specializes in studying issues such as labor and availability of goods?

A. anthropologistB. sociologist C. economist D. archaeologist

2. Which aspect of social science would a geographer most likely study in depth?

A. how beliefs influence the behavior of a group of people

B. how economic events influence history

C. how location influences the way people live

D. how people influence governmental decisions

3. Which social scientists are best known for studying the physical artifacts of a culture?

A. GeographersB. ArchaeologistsC. economists D. sociologists

4. When studying ancient civilizations, a geographer would be most interested in looking at

A. language as a form of expressionB. family structureC. climatic influences on food

production D. standards for leadership

Quarterly Exam Review• Identify the theory shown in the image that is

supported by the archeological discoveries made by Mary Leakey?

Quarterly Exam Review• What era of human history is shown in the pictures

below? • What characterized human life during this period?

Quarterly Exam Review• What era of human history is

shown in the picture? • What images in the picture

would lead to this conclusion?

Quarterly Exam Review– Advanced cities– Organized government– Specialization of labor– Organized religion– Social classes– Art and Architecture– Public works– System of record keeping or

writing – Traditional Economy

1. How did the introduction of agriculture affect early peoples?

A. Societies became nomadic.B. Food production declined.C. Civilizations developed. D. Birthrates decreased rapidly.

2. Early peoples who moved frequently as they searched for the food they needed for survival are called

A. hunters and gatherersB. village dwellers C. subsistence farmersD. guild members

3. Presence of public works, art and architecture, organized religions, and systems of writings are associated with:

A. Economic Development in Ancient Egypt

B. Cultural Diffusion in Mohenjo-DaroC. Features of the Old Stone AgeD. Characteristics of Civilizations

4. The term “subsistence farmers” refers to people who grow:

A. enough food to feed an entire villageB. food to sell in village marketsC. just enough food to meet the needs

of the immediate familyD. a single cash crop

Quarterly Exam Review• What characteristic of civilization is shown in the diagrams?• Where is most of the power and wealth found in these diagrams

Quarterly Exam Review• List three common characteristics

found in each of these locations.

Quarterly Exam Review

• Identify how geography effects cultural diffusion

• Identify how geography effects ethnocentrism

Quarterly Exam Review

• Belief Systems– Contrast the Egyptian view of their gods

and the afterlife and Sumerian views of their gods and the afterlife.

Quarterly Exam Review• Identify the civilization that each geographic

characteristic is most closely associated.

Nile River Valley Tigris & Euphrates

Yellow River

Indus River

Deccan Plateau

Himalayas (2)

Waterfalls and Sahara Desert

Gobi Desert

Hindu Kush

Natural Barriers (3)

Khyber Pass

Fertile Crescent

Unpredictable River flooding (3)

Predictable Flooding (1)Lack of Natural Barriers

Quarterly Exam Review

• Identify the civilization that each term is associated with:

Ziggurats

Pyramids

Mohenjo-Daro

Harappa

Oracle Bones

Aryans

Book of the Dead

Hieroglyphics

Cuneiform

Han Dynasty

Caste System

Maurya and GuptaEmpires

Mandate of HeavenHanging Gardens ofBabylon

Pharaohs Gilgamesh

Quarterly Exam Review• Belief Systems

– Compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism

Eightfold Path

Dharma

Karma

Brahman

Reincarnation

Atman

Moksha Nirvana The Caste System

Four Noble Truths No founder Founded by Siddhartha Guatma

Quarterly Exam Review

• Philosophies (Confucianism, Legalism, Taoism) – Identify the philosophy associated with each term,

name, or statement

The Five Relationships Harsh penalties for breaking laws

Seek a balance with nature Filial Piety

Strict control of education and free thinking

Lao Tzu

Placed high value on education rather than punishment

“The Way”

Quarterly Exam Review

• Know the difference between a primary source and a secondary source

Textbook Journal Entry Wikipedia entry

about ancient China

Video showing President

Kennedy being assassinated Documentary on

Ancient Egypt

Autobiography Newspaper article

written during the

Civil War