Weapons Fundamentals References: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1 FM 23-27-MK-19, 40mm Grenade Machine Gun, Mod.3
NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 2 NAVFAC P-315, Naval
Construction Force Manual
Slide 3
Weapons Fundamentals FM 23-99, Mortars NAVEDTRA 12443, Gunners
Mate FM 23-0, M16A1 and M16A2 Rifle Marksmanship TM-5855-214-10,
Night Vision Sight, Crew Served Weapons TM-11-5855-213-23&P,
Night Vision Sight, Individual Weapon
Slide 4
Weapons Fundamentals TM-SW215-AK-MNO-010, Night Vision Sight,
Individual Goggles NAVSEA OP 4067, Operators Manual for AN/VPS-11,
Pocket Scope Night Vision Device
M60 Machine Gun Loading Point weapon down range Place safety in
the F (fire) position Use cocking handle to pull the bolt to the
rear When the sear holds bolt rearward, return cocking handle
forward and place the safety in the S (safe) position
Slide 14
M60 Machine Gun Loading Raise the cover and ensure the feed
tray, receiver and chamber are clear Place the first round in the
feed tray groove and close the cover, making sure the round stays
in the groove Move safety to F The weapon is now ready to fire
Slide 15
M60 Machine Gun Un-Loading Point weapon down range Move safety
to F (fire) position Pull charging handle rearward to lock the bolt
to the rear, then return the charging handle forward Place the
safety in the S (safe) position (cont)
Slide 16
M60 Machine Gun Un-Loading Raise the cover and remove the belt
and rounds from the tray. Ensure that chamber and face of bolt are
clear Lower feed tray and close cover CAUTION- DO NOT ALLOW BOLT TO
SLAM FORWARD ON EMPTY CHAMBER
Slide 17
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.3 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the M60 Machine Gun. Length Weight
Maximum Range Maximum Effective Range
Slide 18
Weapons Fundamentals Safeties Ammunition Rates of Fire Types of
Fire Types of mounting pods Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee
Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 19
M60 Machine Gun Length: 42.4 Inches Weight18.5 lbs Maximum
Range: 3725 meters Maximum Effective Range: 1100 meters
Slide 20
M60 Machine Gun Safeties Safety lever on left side of trigger
housing The bolt cannot be pulled rearward or released to go
forward while on safe.
M60 Machine Gun Rates of Fire Sustained - 100 rnds/minute Rapid
- 200 rnds/minute Cyclic - 550-600 rnds/minute
Slide 23
M60 Machine Gun Types of Fire Grazing Fire - Not less than 1m
above and no higher than 68 inches above the ground. Can exist for
700m over level or evenly sloping ground. Plunging Fire that
strikes the ground from above at a considerable level. Beaten zone
is considered the danger space.
Slide 24
M60 Machine Gun Types of Fire OverheadFire delivered over the
heads of troops. Usually plunging fire.
Slide 25
M60 Machine Gun Mounting Pods Integral Bipod Part of the barrel
group Provides effective firing platform M122 Tripod Stable and
durable mount Provides for greater accuracy Includes a traversing
and elevating mechanism and the pintle and platform group
Slide 26
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.4 Name the three types of
emplacements that might be employed in a defensive position.
Reference: NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 2
Slide 27
M60 Emplacements Employed as a squad (sqdldr & 2-4 person
gun tms) Support the rifleman in offense & defense Provide
heavy volumes of controlled, accurate and continuous fire Engage
predetermined targets in all visibility conditions Provide long
range, close defensive and final protective fires Basis for FPFs in
the defensive fire plan
Slide 28
M60 Emplacements Cover likely avenues of approach Provide
grazing fire Assigned to each gun Normally does not exceed 800 mils
right to left (45 degrees) Adjacent Machine gun squad sectors
should overlap.
Slide 29
M60 Emplacements Initial Fire Command - The units leaders means
of controlling the fires of his unit. A way of telling you what
weapon, where, at what, how far, when to commence firing.
Remembered by the acronym ADDRAC
Slide 30
Employment--ADDRAC ALERT - The first element, alerts you that a
command is coming. DIRECTION - Directs your attention in a
direction or to the target. Can be skipped if the target is
singular and obvious. DESCRIPTION - A description of the target or
targets in short accurate words. Can combine a reference point in
this element as well.
Slide 31
Employment--ADDRAC RANGE - The estimated range of the target to
be engaged. ASSIGNMENT/METHOD - Only used if the need to assign
different sectors of fire exists or to indicate a method of
engagement. CONTROL/COMMAND - Used to tell you when to start
placing fire on the target.
Slide 32
Employment Final Protective Fire (FPF) - Defensive fire
designed to break up the enemys assault under any condition of
visibility. A prearranged barrier of fire laid down just in front
of the defense. Also planned to destroy or limit enemy penetrations
into the defense. Fired on verbal command or predetermined
signal.
Slide 33
Employment Final Protective Lines (FPL) - Predetermined line of
fire to obtain the maximum grazing fire from the weapon. Used in
terrain that has short ridges, draws and irregular slopes.
Slide 34
Employment Characterized by: Flanking Fire : Provides effective
frontal coverage Interlocking: Reduces number of gaps &
provides mutual support Grazing: Bullet does not rise above avg ht
of person. Flat or even slope 700m max.
Slide 35
Employment Principle Direction of Fire (PDF) - Used when
terrain does not allow for effective FPL. Used to cover dangerous
avenues of approach. May fall within the sector of fire or
compromise either boundary.
Slide 36
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.5 Name the members of a
gun team and state what they are responsible for carrying into a
combat situation. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 37
M60 Gun Team Team Leader Gunner Ammo 1 Ammo 2
Slide 38
M60 Gun Team Team Leader - Usually A PO2, responsible for
effective employment of the gun. Responsible for changing the
barrels during firing. Carries spare barrel kit, M122 tripod, one
bandoleer of ammo and armed with a 9mm pistol.
Slide 39
M60 Gun Team Gunner - Usually a PO3. Actually fires and
maintains the gun. Carries the gun, one bandoleer of ammo and armed
with a 9mm pistol.
Slide 40
M60 Gun Team Ammo 1 - Usually a CN, acts as the supply person
for the team. Carries one box of ammo, spare barrel case with
T&E. Armed with an M16. Ammo 2 - Usually a CA. Carries two
boxes of ammo. Armed with an M16.
Slide 41
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.6 Describe how tracer
rounds are used. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook,
Vol. 1.
Slide 42
M60 Tracer Rounds Observation of fire, Incendiary effects,
Signaling, Training.
Air-cooled Belt-fed Blow back operated Automatic weapon Fires
from open bolt position Crew served
Slide 46
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.8 Describe
loading/unloading procedures for the 40mm Machine Gun Reference: FM
23-27-MK-19, 40mm Grenade machine Gun, Mod. 3
Slide 47
40mm Machine Gun Loading Keep the weapon down range Make sure
the bolt is forward. If not take the weapon off safe and ease the
charging handles forward. Open the cover Insert the first round
through the feed throat
Slide 48
40mm Machine Gun Loading Insert the first round through the
feed throat Place the first round into the feeder. Female link
first. Push the round across the first pawl Move the slide assembly
to the left
Slide 49
40mm Machine Gun Loading Close the cover Unlock and grasp the
charging handles and charge weapon
Slide 50
40mm Machine Gun Un-Loading Place weapon on safe Open cover
Remove remaining rounds and inspect chamber Once clear, close
cover
Slide 51
40mm Machine Gun Un-Loading Place weapon on fire and use
charging handles to ride bolt forward or press trigger sending the
bolt forward.
Slide 52
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.9 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the 40mm Machine Gun. Length Weight
Maximum Range Arming Range Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 53
Weapons Fundamentals Muzzle velocity Rates of Fire Safety
Ammunition Types Reference : FM 23-27-MK-19, 40mm Grenade machine
Gun, Mod. 3 and NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol.
2.
Slide 54
40mm Machine Gun Length: 43.1 inches Weight: 75.6 lbs Range -
maximum effective 1500m maximum 2212m
Slide 55
40mm Machine Gun Arming Range M383 HE Round 18 to 36 meters
M918 TP Round 18 to 30 meters
Slide 56
40mm Machine Gun Muzzle Velocity: 790 fps Rate of Fire: 325 to
375 rds/min Safety: Thumb switch with Safe and Fire positions
Slide 57
40mm Machine Gun Ammunition M383 HE - High explosive, designed
to inflict personnel casualties. Arming distance of 18 to 36m. 15m
casualty radius M430 HEDP -High explosive, dual purpose
Slide 58
40mm Machine Gun Ammunition M385E4/M385A1 - Training Practice
with propellant. Max range 2200m M918 TP - Target round with a
flash signature. Max range 2200m M922 Dummy - Inert
The.50-caliber machine gun is a belt-fed, crew-served,
recoil-operated, air-cooled weapon. It can be set for automatic and
semiautomatic fire. The weapon does not have any safeties.
M2 Machine Gun Loading Automatic mode Make sure gun is clear
Close the bolt Close feed cover Lock down the bolt latch release
Insert the ammo
Slide 64
M2 Machine Gun Loading Cock the gun (the gun is now half-
cocked) Re-cock the gun (now it is fully-cocked)
Slide 65
M2 Machine Gun Loading Single shot mode Make sure gun is clear
Close the bolt Close feed cover Rotate bolt latch release lock in
the up position to the right
Slide 66
M2 Machine Gun Loading Insert the ammo Cock the gun (the gun is
now half-cocked) Re-cock the gun (now it is fully-cocked) To fire
another round you must push the bolt release allowing the bolt to
go home
Slide 67
M2 Machine Gun Un-Loading Place the gun in single shot mode
Pull slide handle to the rear and lock bolt rearward Open the feed
cover
Slide 68
M2 Machine Gun Un-Loading Clear all remaining links or rounds
Inspect chamber insuring it is clear Press the bolt latch release
and ride the bolt forward Close the feed cover and pull the bolt to
the rear
Slide 69
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.12 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the M2 Machine Gun Length Weight
Maximum Range Maximum Effective Range Range Reference: NAVEDTRA
12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 70
Weapons Fundamentals Muzzle velocity Direction of Feed Rates of
Fire Types of Fire Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1.
M2 Machine Gun Maximum Range: 6800 (M2 Ball) Maximum Effective
Range: 1830 meters Muzzle Velocity: 3050 fps (2080 mph) Direction
of Feed: Load so double end loop on ammo belt clicks into the
feedway
Slide 73
M2 Machine Gun Rates of Fire Sustained - 40 rnds or less/minute
Rapid - 40 rnds or more/minute Cyclic - 450-550 rnds/minute
Slide 74
M2 Machine Gun Types of Fire Automatic: Short burst are
recommended over sustained firings. Semiautomatic: Single Shot
Fire
M2 Machine Gun Headspace Headspace - Distance between the bolt
face and the base of a seated cartridge (rnd). Correct when:
Recoiling groups are fully forward No independent rearward movement
between the bolt, barrel and barrel extension
Slide 77
M2 Machine Gun Headspace Must be checked and set before gun is
fired, When barrel is replaced and When correct setting is in
doubt
Slide 78
M2 Machine Gun Headspace Headspace Gauge Tool used to check and
set headspace Has GO-NO GO reading
Slide 79
M2 Machine Gun Headspace Adjustment Insert the GO side of the
gauge between the bolt and rear of the barrel (T-slot) The gauge
should enter freely up to the center ring Remove the gauge and
place the NO-GO side in the T-slot If the NO-GO side does not
enter, the headspace is set correctly
Slide 80
M2 Machine Gun Headspace Adjustment Headspace Too Tight The GO
side of the gauge cannot enter freely Pull back on the charging
handle While holding it back, unscrew the barrel one notch (click)
Ease the bolt forward Recheck the headspace with the gauge
Slide 81
M2 Machine Gun Headspace Adjustment Headspace Too Loose If it
is too loose the NO-GO side of the gauge will enter freely To
adjust it follow the same procedures as if it were to tight, but
tighten the barrel
Slide 82
M2 Machine Gun Timing Timing - Ensures that firing takes place
when the recoiling parts are between.020 and.116 inch out of the
battery (fully forward).
Slide 83
M2 Machine Gun Timing Correct when: recoiling parts are locked
together Firing takes place just before the recoiling parts are in
the battery The gun fires on the FIRE gauge And WILL NOT on the
NO-FIRE gauge
Slide 84
M2 Machine Gun Timing Adjustment Timing Adjustment Checked with
the FIRE (.020 in) and NO-FIRE (.116 in) gauges Must be checked
and/or set each time headspace is adjusted and whenever timing is
questionable
Slide 85
M2 Machine Gun Timing Adjustment Timing Adjustment Steps Check
headspace first Ensure gun is cocked and bolt forward Raise the
extractor Retract the bolt far enough to insert the FIRE gauge
Slide 86
M2 Machine Gun Timing Adjustment Timing Adjustment Steps
Continued Place it between the extension and the trunnion block
Allow the barrel extension to close on the gauge Depress the
trigger, the firing pin should release
Slide 87
M2 Machine Gun Timing Adjustment Retract the bolt far enough to
remove the FIRE gauge, cocking the gun and allow the bolt to go
forward Retract the bolt far enough to insert the NO-FIRE gauge,
place it in the same position Depress the trigger, the firing pin
should not release
Slide 88
M2 Machine Gun Timing Adjustment Timing Late The firing pin
will not release when the FIRE gauge in in place. If this happens
perform the following: Remove FIRE gauge
Slide 89
M2 Machine Gun Timing Adjustment Remove backplate assembly
Locate and turn the trigger bar adjusting nut one notch to the
right Reinstall the backplate assembly Reinsert the FIRE gauge and
test again
Slide 90
M2 Machine Gun Timing Adjustment Timing Early The firing pin
will release when the NO- FIRE gauge in in place. If this happens
perform the following: Perform the same steps as if it were late
except turn the trigger bar adjusting nut on notch to the left
Slide 91
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.14 Describe the tactical
purposes of the 60mm mortar Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee
Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 92
60mm Mortar
Slide 93
Tactical Purpose of Weapon Enables fires over hills, forests,
walls or other defenses Can reach far beyond flat trajectory
weapons
Slide 94
60mm Mortar Crew is protected from enemy fire and observation
Can be used as an offensive or defensive weapon
Slide 95
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.14 State two methods of
firing the 60mm mortar Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 96
60mm Mortar Methods of Firing Conventional Mode The M7
baseplate, the sight unit, and the bipod are used. Handheld Mode
Used on patrols with minimum deployment
Slide 97
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.15 Describe loading and
unloading procedures for the 60mm mortar. Reference: NAVEDTRA
12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 98
M224 60mm Mortar
Slide 99
60mm Mortar Loading Drop-Fire Method (Conventional mode) Drop
round from top Hand-held Mode Drop round from top
Slide 100
60mm Mortar Loading
Slide 101
60mm Mortar Un-Loading Misfires - A round that has been dropped
but failed to fire. A complete failure to fire. Immediate action -
Switch to trigger mode and attempt to fire. If it fails again,
switch selector to safe and kick the lower portion of the cannon to
dislodge the round. If this fails attempt to trigger fire
again.
Slide 102
60mm Mortar Un-Loading Finally, if this fails, ensure the
selector is on safe, have the gunner slowly lift the base cap end
as the a-gunner places their hands around the outer edge of the
muzzle. As the round slides out the a-gunner stops it with their
thumbs and removes it. It is then placed in the designated
area.
Slide 103
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.17 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the 60mm Mortar Length Weight
Ammunition types Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook,
Vol. 1.
Slide 104
Weapons Fundamentals Maximum Effective Range Maximum/Minimum
elevations Propellant increment charges Safety Reference: NAVEDTRA
12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1 and FM-23-99 Mortars.
60mm Mortar Ammunition Types High Explosive (HE) - Used to
destroy or cause casualties to personnel, emplacements and
vehicles. Causes damage by blast, fire and fragmentation. Smoke,
White Phosphorus (WP) - Used for screening, casualties, incendiary
and signaling. Causes material damage by fire.
Slide 107
60mm Mortar Ammunition Types Illuminating (ILLUM) - A flare
attached to a parachute. Used for battlefield illuminating and
signaling. Training Practice (TP) - Similar to HE without explosive
filler. Training - Completely inert.
Slide 108
Ranges of Ammunition High Explosive (HE) - 3490m/400-70m Smoke,
White Phosphorus (WP) - 1630m/400-70m Illuminating (ILLUM) -
951m/NA Training Practice (TP) - 3490/NA Training - Completely
inert NA Max/Min Elevation - 700-1600 mils
Slide 109
60mm Mortar Propellant increment charges Impact Fuze: causes
the round to function when it comes in contact with an object.
Graduated Time Fuzes: Causes the round to function at a prescribed
time after the round is fired. Also known as Time Fuzes
Slide 110
60mm Mortar Propellant increment charges Variable Time Fuzes.
Contain their own radio transmitter and receiver. They transmit a
radio signal. This signal is reflected back to the fuze. As the
round approaches an object, the strength of the reflected signal
increases. The round explodes at a predetermined strength.
Slide 111
60mm Mortar Safety Safety If a crew member is within one meter
of the muzzle during firing, hearing protection must be used. Never
put your hands in front of the muzzle.
Slide 112
60mm Mortar Safety When cleaning the bore, be careful not to
leave any waste on the firing pin.
Slide 113
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.18 Describe the role and
mission of the following. Forward Observer (FO) Fire Direction
Center (FDC) Fire Support Coordinator (FSC) Reference: NAVEDTRA
12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 114
60mm Mortar Forward Observer The eyes of the indirect fire team
Primary mission is locating suitable targets and calling for and
adjusting fire on these targets. Additional mission of collecting
intelligence.
Slide 115
60mm Mortar Fire Direction Center Provides the CO with a way to
control and quickly mass fires Located in the HQs section of the
mortar platoon Processes the calls for fire by plotting them on the
firing chart From this chart, firing data is prepared and announced
to the gun crews
Slide 116
60mm Mortar Fire Support Coordinator Approves all calls for
fire that are requested. De-conflicts different fire missions in
TOAR Ensures data for fire missions is accurate
Description Light weight Single shot Breech loaded Pump action
Shoulder fired weapon Attaches to the M16 rifle
Slide 120
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.20 Describe how the 40mm
grenade launcher is held when fired. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003,
Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 121
40mm Grenade Launcher Firing Positions Standing - Used with
targets less than 100m. Face target then half right, Right hand
pistol grip, left on magazine. Kneeling - Good for level ground or
ground that slopes upward towards target. Place body perpendicular
to target. Same firing position as standing.
Slide 122
40mm Grenade Launcher Firing Positions Prone - Same as with
rifle. When firing long range place butt of weapon on the deck
Holding the 40mm grenade launcher.
Slide 123
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.21 Describe loading and
unloading procedures for the 40mm grenade launcher. Reference:
NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 124
Loading and Unloading Ensure the weapon is on safe Press the
barrel latch and slide barrel forward Insert round into the chamber
Slide the barrel closed Weapon is now loaded Open barrel to eject
round to unload 40mm Grenade Launcher Loading/Unloading
Slide 125
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.22 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the 40mm Grenade Launcher Weight
Ammunition type Maximum Effective Range Range(area target)
Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 126
Weapons Fundamentals Maximum Effective Range Range(point
target) Maximum Range Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 127
40mm Grenade Launcher Weight Total weight unloaded - 3 lbs
Total weight loaded - 3.5 lbs Total weight with M16 - 11 lbs
Slide 128
40mm Grenade Launcher Ammunition Types HE round - High
explosive, designed to inflict personnel casualties. 5m casualty
radius. Danger radius of 30m. Arms within 14m to 27m. HE air burst
- Lands on the deck and bounces up 2m to explode. 5m casualty
radius. Arms within 14m to 27m.
Slide 129
40mm Grenade Launcher Ammunition Types HEDP - High explosive,
can penetrate 2 inches of steel. 5m casualty radius. TP - Training
round with a flash signature. Danger radius of 20m
Slide 130
40mm Grenade Launcher Maximum effective range(area target) Max
effective range (area tgt) - 350m Maximum effective range(point
target) Max effective range (pt tgt) - 150m Max range - 400m
Slide 131
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.23 Describe the operation
of the 12- gauge shotgun. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12443, Gunners
Mate
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.24 Describe loading and
unloading procedures for the 12-gauge shotgun. Reference: NAVEDTRA
12443, Gunners Mate
Slide 135
12-Gauge Shotgun Loading Single Load Ensure the weapon is on
safe Press the action lock lever and slide barrel (fore-end)
rearward
Slide 136
12-Gauge Shotgun Loading Insert round into the barrel chamber
Slide the barrel closed Weapon is now loaded
Slide 137
12-Gauge Shotgun Loading Magazine Load Ensure the weapon is on
safe Slide barrel (fore-end) forward Insert round into the
magazine
Slide 138
12-Gauge Shotgun Loading Weapon is now loaded without round in
chamber Open and close barrel to chamber a round Unloading Open
barrel to eject round to unload
Slide 139
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.25 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the 12 gauge shotgun. Length
Safeties Ammunition type Reference: NAVEDTRA 12443, Gunners
Mate
Slide 140
12-Gauge Shotgun Length: 39 inches Safeties: Safety switch on
top Ammunition type: 12 ga, 2 - 2 3/4 in 00 buck, military
round
M16A2 Rifle Description Lightweight Gas operated Air cooled
Magazine fed Shoulder fired Semi-automatic or fully automatic
Slide 144
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.27 Describe how the
5.56mm M16A2 rifle is held when firing. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003,
Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 145
M16A2 Rifle How the weapon is held when fired. Shoulder fired
Semi-automatic or fully automatic
Slide 146
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.28 Describe loading and
unloading procedures for the the 5.56mm M16A2 rifle. Reference:
NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 147
M16A2 Rifle Loading Ensure the rifle is on safe With the bolt
locked to the rear, insert a magazine. Release the bolt catch and
allow the bolt to go forward. This chambers a round from the
magazine. The rifle is now loaded and in condition one
Slide 148
M16A2 Rifle UnLoading Ensure the rifle is on safe After the
last shot the bolt should lock to the rear. If so, just remove the
magazine and inspect the chamber. If The bolt does not lock to the
rear, pull the charging handle rearward and lock the bolt rearward
using the bolt catch. Repeat the second step to complete the
unloading process.
Slide 149
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.29 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the M16A2 rifle Length Weight
Maximum Range Maximum Effective Range Muzzle velocity
Slide 150
Weapons Fundamentals Safeties Magazine capacity Types of
Ammunition Rates of Fire Modes of Fire Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003,
Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1 and Fm 23-9, M16 Rifle
Marksmanship
Slide 151
M16A2 Rifle Length: 39in with flash suppressor Weight: 7.8 lbs
Maximum Range: 3600 meters
Slide 152
M16A2 Rifle Maximum Effective Range: Point Target 550 meters
Area Target 800 meters Muzzle Velocity: 3100 fps
Slide 153
M16A2 Rifle Safeties: The rifle will not fire when placed in
safe mode. Magazine capacity: 20 - 30 rounds
Slide 154
M16A2 Rifle Types of ammunition: 5.56mm Ball - Standard round
5.56mm Tracer - Used to mark targets or cause incendiary effects
5.56mm Blank - Training round 5.56mm Dummy - Totally inert for
training
Slide 155
M16A2 Rifle Rates of Fire: Semi-Automatic: 45 round per minute
Automatic: 90 rounds per minute Sustained: 12 to 15 rounds per
minute
Slide 156
M16A2 Rifle Modes of Fire Semiautomatic Fire mode - The trigger
must be pulled each shot. Automatic Fire mode - Rifle will continue
to fire as long as the trigger is held back.
Slide 157
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.30 State the six types of
grenades. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol.
1.
Slide 158
Grenades
Slide 159
Six types of grenades FragmentationIllumination
ChemicalIncendiary SmokePractice
Slide 160
Fragmentation Grenades Used to produce casualties by high
velocity projection of fragments Effective casualty producing
radius is 15 meters M67 Fragmentation grenade
Slide 161
Used to illuminate terrain in night time operations Once pin is
pulled, GRENADE MUST BE THROWN! MK1 Illumination grenade
Illuminating Grenades
Slide 162
Used for incendiary, screening, signaling, training and riot
control purposes M25A2 CS Riot grenade Chemical Grenades
Slide 163
Used to ignite combustible material and destroy all types of
equipment Incendiary Grenades AN-M14 Incendiary grenade
Slide 164
Used to screen movement, mark targets and signal M34 WP Grenade
M15 WP Grenade M8 Smoke Grenade Smoke Grenades
Slide 165
Used to train personnel in the care, handling, and use of
grenades prior to using actual service grenades. M57 grenade
Practice Training Grenades
Slide 166
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.31 State hand grenade
safety procedures. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 167
Grenades Safety All personnel handling casualty producing
grenades must wear proper protection Never attempt to de-fuse hand
grenades Do not remove the safety pin until ready to throw Do not
attach grenades to clothing or equipment.
Slide 168
Grenades Safety Riot control grenades should not be thrown
within 5 meters of personnel Smoke grenades should not be used in
closed areas Wait 5 min before approaching a dud Wait 30 min before
approaching a chemical dud
Slide 169
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.32 Describe the uses of
fragmentation and chemical hand grenades. Reference: NAVEDTRA
12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 170
Grenades Fragmentation Grenade Used to produce casualties by
high velocity projection of fragments M67 Fragmentation
grenade
Slide 171
Grenades Chemical Grenade Used for incendiary, screening,
signaling, training and riot control purposes M25A2 CS Riot
grenade
Slide 172
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.33 State when, if ever,
the safety pin of the MK 1 illuminating grenade can be replaced.
Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 173
Illuminating Grenades Once pin is pulled, GRENADE MUST BE
THROWN! NEVER REPLACE THE SAFETY PIN MK1 Illumination grenade
Claymore Mine Description A directional, fixed-fragmentation
mine that is designed primarily for use against massed infantry
attacks. It is equipped with a fixed plastic, slit type sight,
adjustable legs and two detonator wells.
Slide 177
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.35 Describe the
placement, arming and safety requirements of the Claymore mine
Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 178
Claymore Mine Placement Placement Should be sighted on a point
8 ft high at a distance of 50 meters.
Slide 179
Claymore mine Arming Arming Pull tape tab from blasting cap.
Lay wire between mine and firing position, wrap wire around leg of
mine and bury if possible.
Slide 180
Claymore mine Arming Arming Insert cap into either detonating
well and lock with shipping plug-priming adapter. Recheck aiming of
mine.
Slide 181
Claymore mine Safety The safety bail on the firing device has
two positions. When up it is in the safe position. Down is the fire
position.
Slide 182
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.36 Describe the coverage
and methods of fire for the Claymore mine. Reference: NAVEDTRA
12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 183
Claymore mine Coverage Effective coverage - Placement no closer
than 5 m and no farther apart than 45 m. A preferred lateral and
rearward separation distance is approximately 25 meters.
Slide 184
Claymore mine Coverage The first 50 m at a 60 deg angle is
considered the kill zone 100 m is moderately effective 250 m in
dangerous 100m behind the mine is the danger area
84mm M136 (AT-4) Description Lightweight Self contained
anti-armor weapon Free flight fin stabilized cartridge packed in an
expendable launcher One piece Right shoulder fired only
Man-portable
Slide 188
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.38 Describe how to hold
the AT4 when firing. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat
Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 189
84mm M136 (AT-4) Standing - Used when firing on moving or
stationary targets from behind a protective barrier such as a wall
or barricade. Most unstable and exposed position.
Slide 190
84mm M136 (AT-4)
Slide 191
Kneeling - Used for firing on moving or stationary targets.
Maximum use of support is essential for stability Sitting - Used
for firing on stationary targets. More suitable than kneeling
position.
Slide 192
84mm M136 (AT-4)
Slide 193
Slide 194
Prone - The least stable position. Affords the most protection.
The danger area extends for 60m with a 90 degree angle behind the
weapon The weapon must not have any obstructions closer than 5 m to
the rear of the weapon.
Slide 195
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.39 State the following
capabilities/characteristics of the AT4 Length Weight Maximum Range
Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 1.
Slide 196
Weapons Fundamentals Maximum Effective Range Muzzle velocity
Controls Ammunition
AT4 Controls Transport Safety Pin. Blocks the movement of the
firing pin and prevents it from striking the cartridge percussion
cap.
Slide 201
AT4 Controls Cocking Lever: When the cocking lever is in the
SAGE position, there is no contact between the firing rod and the
trigger. Forward Safety. Prevents the firing rod from striking the
firing pin.
Slide 202
AT4 Misfire Procedures Causes - A complete failure to fire
caused by a faulty firing mechanism or faulty element in the
propellant charge. Action: Shout misfire Maintain sight
picture
Slide 203
AT4 Misfire Procedures Release safety catch Re-cock the weapon
Check back blast area and attempt to fire Repeat if necessary
Slide 204
AT4 Misfire Procedures If still fails, release safety catch and
return cocking lever to the safe position. Reinsert the transport
safety pin, lay weapon on ground and notify chain of command.
Minimum arming range: 10 meters
Slide 205
AT4 Safety Precautions Take care in selecting positions for
firing. Avoid areas that could cause you to fire through a screen
of brush or trees. Impact with a twig or branch may deflect the
rocket or cause it to detonate. You must try to obtain concealment,
but not at the risk of safety.
Slide 206
AT4 Safety Precautions To prevent the rocket from striking the
foreground and causing serious injury to personnel, maintain the
launcher in the firing position until the rocket has left the
launcher. Avoid the blast of flame and ejected residue to the rear
of the launcher. Remove flammable material, such as dry vegetation,
from the backblast area.
Slide 207
AT4 Safety Precautions Keep personnel and ammunition clear of
the rear danger area unless adequate shelter protection is
provided. Sand or loose dirt in the backblast area can also reveal
your position to the enemy. Do not fire rockets at temperatures
below - 40 F or above 140 F. Never fire a damaged weapon.
Slide 208
AT4
Slide 209
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.40 Describe the use and
purpose of the range card as it relates to each weapon system.
Reference: NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 2
Slide 210
Range Cards Cards are the basis for the fire plan at the
company level. Each crew served weapon will have one. All
supporting fires, security sectors and defensive coordination are
planned using the machine guns fire as the base from which to
build.
Slide 211
Range Cards Two cards are prepared, one for the gun and the
other goes to higher HQ. Cards should be passed on to relieving
units. Patrols can use your card to locate FPLs and identify dead
space. Cards must be neat and prepared using a universal
format.
Slide 212
Range Cards Gun Identification Block - Identifies what gun the
card belongs to and the date it was drawn.
Slide 213
Range Cards Weapon Symbol - Single dot for the gun and a solid
arrow extending out along the FPL or PDF.
Slide 214
Range Cards Magnetic Orientation Line and Location Grid
Coordinates - A means for others to positively locate your gun
position. The line is drawn from a prominent terrain feature that
is located behind friendly lines. The grid coordinates are recorded
next to the dot in the machine gun symbol.
Slide 215
Range Cards Sector Limits - Drawn as broken lines ending in
arrow heads. If using an FPL only one sector limit will be drawn
because one will be the same as the FPL.
Slide 216
Range Cards Grazing Fires - If an FPL is used, a heavy shaded
area is drawn along the inside of the FPL. This will indicate the
limits of grazing fire obtainable. Any dead space is shown by
breaks in the shading. Record the near and far limits of the dead
space in meters or record the range next to the ends of the shaded
areas.
Slide 217
Range Card Symbols Terrain Features - Draw only those terrain
features that significantly add to the clarity of the range card.
If the feature is drawn, draw it to the correct perspective. Wooded
area hill
Slide 218
Range Card Symbols Location of Friendly Troops or Equipment -
Draw any friendly positions or equipment that is either in or near
the sector limits of the machine gun. 1st Sqd Water tower
Slide 219
Range Card Symbols Targets - Draw targets to perspective and
label them with a number. The number one target will be either the
FPL or the left sector limit. If the FPL is on the right sector
limit, number all other targets sequentially from right to left.
All other times number from left to right.
Slide 220
Range Card Symbols One method is to record data directly on the
sketch along the leading line to the target. The other method is to
use the data block of the card.
Slide 221
Sample Range Card 2 1st Sqd 2nd Sqd 3rd Sqd AB100 1 300 m 400
m
Slide 222
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.41 Describe the
effectiveness and employment of early warning devices and
pyrotechnics Reference: NAVEDTRA 12003, Seabee Combat Handbook,
Vol. 1.
Slide 223
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics Trip Flares Booby Traps
Explosive Devices Non-explosive Devices
Slide 224
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics Trip Flares Used
primarily to illuminate and to give warning of attacking or
infiltrating enemy troops. Place along a likely avenue of approach
and activated by the enemy. Normally not used in any other
operation other than defensive.
Slide 225
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics
Slide 226
Booby Traps Can be explosive or non-explosive. Used primarily
to incapacitate, wound or kill and unsuspecting person when they
disturb a apparently harmless object. There are improvised and
manufactured
Slide 227
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics Improvised - Constructed
from standard firing devices, explosives, weapons, missiles or
other materials used for other purposes. Manufactured - Standard
devices made at a factory. Made to look like useful objects.(books,
pipes or bottled drinks)
Slide 228
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics Explosive Devices Booby
traps laid along paths and trails to delay and frustrate patrols
and foot troops. Most are improvised with either pressure release,
pull or pull release devices.
Slide 229
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics Grenade Trap - Setup
with wire to pull pin when tripped over. Grenade in can - Grenade
in can with pin removed. Trip wire pulls grenade from can. Mud Ball
Mine - Grenade packed in mud. Mud dries and cracks grenade
explodes.
Slide 230
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics Non-Explosive Devices
All are improvised with locally available material. Either pressure
release, pull or pull release devices. Punji Stakes - Bamboo spikes
placed in the ground protruding just enough to produce injury.
Slide 231
Early Warning Devices and Pyrotechnics Foot Traps - Small pits
combined with spike boards placed along paths or trails. Deadfalls
- Various devices are suspended above jungle paths and trails.
Designed to fall or swing in an arc and strike victims as they pass
below.
Slide 232
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.42 Describe the tactical
employment and purpose of naval Mobile Construction Battalion
weapon systems. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook,
Vol. 2.
Slide 233
Weapons Systems Automatic Rifleman - M16 rifle, backbone of the
defense of the squad. Positioned first by the squad leader. The
remainder of the fire team is positioned around the automatic
rifles.
Slide 234
Weapons Systems Rifleman - M16 rifle, positioned so they can
cover the entire fire team sector. The position must provide
support and protection for the Automatic rifleman.
Slide 235
Weapons Systems Grenadier - M203 grenade launcher, positioned
to cover the dead space in the defense. M60E3 - Support the
rifleman in the offense and defense. Provide heavy volumes of
controlled fires. Provide FPFs. Cover likely avenues of approach.
Provide grazing fire.
Slide 236
Weapons Systems M2.50 Cal Machine Gun - Provide protection for
motorized movement. Destroy lightly armored vehicles. Defend
against low-flying hostile aircraft. MK19 40mm Grenade Launcher -
Used to provide direct and indirect firing. Role is similar to the
M60E3 and M2.
Slide 237
Weapons Systems AT-4 - Used against armored personnel carriers.
Can be used to disable a battle tank (mobility kill) if struck
properly
Slide 238
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.43 Describe the various
rates of fire. Rapid Sustained Cyclic Reference: FM 23-9 M16
Marksmanship.
Slide 239
Rates of Fire Rapid - 150 to 200 rounds per minute Sustained -
12 to 15 rounds per minute Cyclic - 700 to 800 rounds per
minute
Slide 240
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.44 Describe the various
methods of fire. GrazingPlunging OverheadFixed
TraversingSearching
Methods of Fire Grazing - Not less than 1m above and no higher
than 68 inches above the ground. Can exist for 700m over level or
evenly sloping ground. Plunging - Fire that strikes the ground from
above at a considerable level. Beaten zone is considered the danger
space.
Slide 243
Methods of Fire Overhead - Fire delivered over the heads of
troops. Usually plunging fire Overhead Fixed fire - for targets
requiring only one aiming point. Continuous as long as target
remains in the zone of fire.
Slide 244
Methods of Fire Searching fire - Distributed in depth by
changing the elevation of the gun. Used against deep targets,
firing a burst each time elevation changes. Traversing fire -
Distributed in width by changing the horizontal direction of the
gun. Firing a burst each time the gun changes direction.
Slide 245
Methods of Fire Combined Traversing & Searching -
Distributed in width & depth by changing the elevation and
horizontal direction of the gun.
Slide 246
Methods of Fire Swinging Traverse fire - Delivered against
targets to wide to cover the traversing hand wheel. Also used on
targets moving so rapidly across the gunners front they cannot
maintain effective fire using the traversing hand wheel. Cannot be
fired from bipod or vehicles.
Slide 247
Methods of Fire Free gunfire - Delivered from the tripod mount
against targets requiring rapid and major changes in direction and
elevation. Can also be used from a vehicle mount when the target
cannot be covered adequately by aiming points. Cannot be fired from
bipod mount.
Slide 248
Weapons Fundamentals PQS Question 104.45 Describe the use and
purpose of the following Night Observation Devices. AN/PVS-4
(individual) AN/PVS-5 (crew serve)
Slide 249
Weapons Fundamentals AN/PVS-7C (night goggles) AN/PVS-11
(pocket scope) Reference: TM-5855-214-10, Night Vision Sight, Crew
Served Weapon
Slide 250
Weapons Fundamentals TM-11-5855-213-23&P, Night Vision
Sight, Individual Weapon TM-SW215-AK-MNO-010, Night Vision Sight,
Individual Goggles NAVSEA OP 4067, Operators Manual for AN/VPS-11,
Pocket Scope Night Vision Device
Slide 251
AN/PVS-4
Slide 252
Night Vision Devices AN/PVS-4 (Individual) AN/PVS-4 -
Individual use. Portable, battery operated, electro - optical
instrument used for observation and aimed fire of weapons at night.
Magnification - 3.6x Range - 400-600m (man size tgt)
Slide 253
AN/PVS-5
Slide 254
Night Vision Devices AN/PVS-5 (Crew Serve) AN/PVS-5 - Crew
served and M16 use. Portable, battery operated, electro - optical
instrument used for observation and aimed fire of weapons at night.
Magnification - 5.6x Range - 1000-1200m (vehicle size tgt)
Slide 255
AN/PVS-7C
Slide 256
Night Vision Devices AN/PVS-7C (Night Goggles) AN/PVS-7C - Hand
held or head mounted night vision system that enables walking,
driving, weapon firing, short range surveillance, map reading and
vehicle maintenance in both moonlight and starlight. Range - min
9.8
Slide 257
Night Vision TOA AD AE NIGHT VISION GOGGLES1027 CSW NIGHT
VISION SIGHT48 INDIVIDUAL WEAP SIGHT49 NIGHT VISION
POCKETSCOPE28