105687960 Solar Tracking System

8/11/2019 105687960 Solar Tracking System

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Under the Supervision of Mr. Kuldeep Singh

By:-

Arun Singh

Suhail Khan

Rahul Ramakrishnan

E.C.,4thYear


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1. Introduction.

2. Technology used.

3. Components.

4. Circuit diagram5. Applications.

6. Advantages.

7. Conclusion.


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Extracting useable electricity from the sun was made possible by the

discovery of the photoelectric mechanism and subsequent development

of the solar cell.

A semi conductive material that converts visible light into a direct currentby using solar arrays, a series of solar cells electrically connected, a DC

voltage is generated which can be physically used on a load.

Titanium oxide cells, with a peak laboratory efficiency of 32% and

average efficiency of 15-20% are used in solar cellls.

Light gathering is dependent on the angle of incidence of the lightsource providing power (i.e. the sun) .


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This project shows the potential system benefits of simple

tracking solar system using a stepper motor and light sensor.

This method is increasing power collection efficiency bydeveloping a device that tracks the sun to keep the panel at a

right angle to its rays.

A solar tracking system is designed, implemented andexperimentally tested.


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The major components used in this project are

Microcontroller.

Motor driver.

DC Motor .

LDR.


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The microcontroller used here is a common 8 bit Atmel microcontroller

AT89s8253.

It is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller.


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MOTOR

DRIVER

Here we used L293D to drive themotors, whatever signals itreceives from the microcontrolleron the basis of that it will drivethe motors.

An H-bridge is an electroniccircuit which enables a voltage tobe applied across a load in eitherdirection.

These circuits are often usedin robotics and other applications

to allow DC motors to runforwards and backwards.

H-bridges are availableas integrated circuits, or can be

built from discrete components.


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A current-carrying conductor generates a magnetic field; when this is then

placed in an external magnetic field, it will experience a force proportional

to the current in the conductor, and to the strength of the external magnetic

field.


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A photo resistor or light dependent resistor (LDR) is a resistor whose resistance

decreases with increasing incident light intensity.

A photo resistor is made of a high resistance semiconductor.

If light falling on the device is of high enough frequency, photons absorbed by

the semiconductor give bound electrons enough energy to jump into theconduction band.

The resulting free electron (and its whole partner) conduct electricity, therebylowering resistance.


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Solar lighting.

Solar vehicles.

Solar chemical [Solar chemical processes use solar energy to drive

chemical reactions.].

Electrical generation [Sunlight can be converted into electricity].

Cooking.

Water treatment [Solar distillation can be used to make saline or brackishwater potable.].

Heating, cooling and ventilation.


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The main reason to use a solar tracker is to reduce the cost of

the energy you want to capture.

They are beneficial because thesuns

position within the skywill change gradually over the course of a day.

A tracker produces more power over a longer time than a

stationary array with the same number of modules.

Gain varies significantly with latitude, climate, and the type

of tracker you chooseas well as the orientation of a

stationary installation in the same location.


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This presentation serves as a means of controlling a

sun tracking array with an embedded

microprocessor system. Specifically, it demonstrates

a working software solution for maximizing solar

cell output by positioning a solar array at the point

of maximum light intensity. This project presents a

method of searching for and tracking the sun andresetting itself for a new day.


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105687960 Solar Tracking System