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In this sec*on we are going to learn about a type of pollu*on that is familiar to many of us: Los Angeles smog. This is also o<en called photochemical smog. It is well known that this smog has nega*ve health effects and that, when it is at its worse, people can directly feel the effect through tearing eyes and difficulty breathing. However, the probably most obvious effect of smog is the forma*on of par*cles that degrade the visibility in many ci*es. Here you can see such an example for Los Angeles. Many of you have probably see this type of haze during sunny days in Los Angeles or when you fly into the LABasin. It should be noted that, while o<en called Los Angeles smog, this phenomenon can be found in may urban areas. You may have seen recent headlines of air pollu*on in China, which shows the prevalence of photochemical smog in ci*es. 1

10a_b Los Angeles Smog.scripts (1)

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Page 1: 10a_b Los Angeles Smog.scripts (1)

In  this  sec*on  we  are  going  to  learn  about  a  type  of  pollu*on  that  is  familiar  to  many  of  us:  Los  Angeles  smog.  This  is  also  o<en  called  photochemical  smog.  It  is  well  known  that  this  smog  has  nega*ve  health  effects  and  that,  when  it  is  at  its  worse,  people  can  directly  feel  the  effect  through  tearing  eyes  and  difficulty  breathing.  However,  the  probably  most  obvious  effect  of  smog  is  the  forma*on  of  par*cles  that  degrade  the  visibility  in  many  ci*es.  Here  you  can  see  such  an  example  for  Los  Angeles.  Many  of  you  have  probably  see  this  type  of  haze  during  sunny  days  in  Los  Angeles  or  when  you  fly  into  the  LA-­‐Basin.  It  should  be  noted  that,  while  o<en  called  Los  Angeles  smog,  this  phenomenon  can  be  found  in  may  urban  areas.  You  may  have  seen  recent  headlines  of  air  pollu*on  in  China,  which  shows  the  prevalence  of  photochemical  smog  in  ci*es.    

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Here  is  one  ar*cle  published  in  2013  in  the  New  York  Times,  describing  the  impact  of  smog  on  human  health.  If  you  pay  aQen*on  you  will  see  that  ar*cles  on  air  pollu*on  appear  regularly  in  the  press,  showing  that  this  topic  remains  one  of  our  most  severe  environmental  problems.    

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In  this  sec*on  we  will  discuss  various  aspects  of  Photochemical  smog.  We  will  use  Los  Angeles  as  our  example  because  it  is  were  this  type  of  smog  was  first  recognized  and  because  LA  is  on  the  forefront  in  comba*ng  this  type  of  air  pollu*on.  Also,  for  many  of  us  this  type  of  smog  is  part  of  our  daily  life  and  we  can  o<en  see  its  effects.  We  will  begin  this  sec*on  with  a  short  movie  that  presents  the  history  of  smog  in  Los  Angeles.    We  will  then  present  the  main  chemical  components  of  LA  smog  and  compare  them  to  those  from  London  type  smog.  As  some  of  the  main  pollutants  are  chemically  formed  in  the  atmosphere,  we  will  then  learn  about  the  chemistry  of  smog,  and  in  par*cular  the  forma*on  of  ozone.  We  will  then  show  how  par*cles,  another  component  of  smog,  decrease  visibility  in  urban  areas.  Finally  we  will  discuss  the  various  environmental  policies  and  measures  that  have  led  to  an  improvement  in  air  quality  in  Los  Angeles  and  how  the  future  of  LA  smog  will  look  like.  

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Some  of  you  may  have  heard  about  air  pollu*on  in  the  1960  and  1970’s  in  Los  Angeles,  but  it  is  hard  to  comprehend  how  severe  air  pollu*on  was  then  in  Los  Angeles.  We  therefore  will  start  with  a  sec*on  on  the  history  of  LA  smog,  to  understand  how  bad  air  quality  was  in  the  past,  what  was  done  to  improve  air  quality,  and  to  put  today’s  air  quality  in  perspec*ve    In  the  following  we  will  show  a  movie  that  presents  the  history  of  Los  Angeles  pollu*on.  This  movie  was  made  by  the  California  Air  Resources  board,  the  state  agency  that  is  in  charge  of  air  quality  in  the  state  of  California.  Pleas  pay  aQen*on  to  the  movie  as  we  will  ask  you  to  provide  a  short  summary  about  the  severity  of  past  air  pollu*on  and  how  it  compares  to  today  at  the  end.  

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