12 Chapter 7 DATA ANALYSIS - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/41763/12/12...scores of the dependent variable is significantly different among the various industries

DATA ANALYSIS

The various factors were subjected to one way ANOVA. When there are two or more

categories to compare we can apply One way ANOVA (Malhotra & Dash 2009). One of

the assumptions for one way ANOVA is that there must be equality of variance among

the various categories under consideration. Levene‟s test is a measure for the

homogeneity of variance among the various categories. Sig values less than 0.05

indicates that the variance among the various categories is not the same. In this case an

adjustment to F-test is used which was given by Welch. So in the following tables when

Sig value of Levene‟s test is less than 0.05, Welch‟s Sig values are considered else the

usual ANOVA Sig values are taken. Mean scores were calculated for factors where

significant relationship was between independent and dependent variables (Factors) was

observed.

Decision rule for ANOVA/Welch Test: Sig value less than 0.05 indicates that the mean

scores of the dependent variable is significantly different among the various industries.

OCTAPACE PROFILE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND

WORK ENVIRONMENT

Statistics= Mean

Logi Sti cs

Heal th care

Edu Cati on

Manu factur ing

Const ructio n

Leve neSta tistic

Sig

.

F- value

Sig.

Wel ch

Sig

. 1) Free interaction among employees, each respecting others, feelings, competence and sense of judgement.

3.56 3.24 3.00 1.76 2.84 3.903 .00 4

30.01 4

.00 0

28.5 69

.00 0

2) Facing and not shying from problems.

3.54 3.28 2.81 1.88 2.71 .894 .46 8

25.81 0

.00 0

24.4 99

.00 0

3) Offering moral support and help to employees and colleagues in a crisis.

3.48 3.36 3.15 1.60 2.71 .200 .93 8

38.36 8

.00 0

34.9 27

.00 0

4) Congruity between feelings and expressed behavior (minimum gap between what people say and what people do)

3.12 3.00 2.56 1.83 2.25 2.433 .04 8

13.04 3

.00 0

12.8 22

.00 0

5) Preventive actions on most matters.

3.28 3.14 2.77 1.57 2.36 2.653 .03 4

26.09 1

.00 0

28.3 69

.00 0

6) Taking independent action relating to their jobs.

3.22 3.10 2.67 1.36 2.21 3.414 .01 0

31.72 6

.00 0

38.8 93

.00 0

7) Team work and team spirit

3.64 2.94 2.79 1.67 2.66 4.640 .00 1

24.81 2

.00 0

32.2 30

.00 0

8) Trying out innovative ways of solving problems.

3.36 3.00 2.65 1.55 2.59 2.052 .08 8

24.39 0

.00 0

28.9 03

.00 0

9) Genuine sharing of information, feelings and thoughts in meetings.

3.32 3.12 2.88 1.57 2.93 1.157 .33 0

25.84 3

.00 0

25.5 11

.00 0

10) Going deeper rather than doing surface-analysis of interpersonal problems.

3.32 3.06 2.65 1.64 2.68 .625 .64 5

21.92 1

.00 0

21.3 75

.00 0

11) Interpersonal contact and support among people.

3.36 3.02 2.85 2.02 2.48 2.259 .06 3

15.24 7

.00 0

16.8 12

.00 0

12) Tactfulness, smartness and even a little manipulation to get things done.

2.98 2.80 2.63 2.19 2.50 1.088 .36 3

4.400 .00 2

4.40 1

.00 2

13) Seniors encouraging their subordinates to think about their development and take action in that direction.

3.16 3.06 2.62 1.64 2.48 2.378 .05 2

18.77 3

.00 0

25.0 50

.00 0

14) Close supervision of, and directing employees on, action.

3.34 3.02 2.69 1.52 2.55 3.119 .01 6

29.47 8

.00 0

30.6 64

.00 0

15) Accepting and appreciating help offered by others

3.36 3.18 3.12 2.29 2.46 3.033 .01 8

15.20 7

.00 0

14.1 53

.00 0

16) Encouraging employees to take a fresh look at how things are done.

3.46 3.00 2.85 1.33 2.45 5.778 .00 0

37.73 8

.00 0

45.5 35

.00 0

17) Free discussion and communication between seniors and subordinates.

3.40 2.84 2.73 1.33 2.39 5.135 .00 1

32.66 9

.00 0

42.6 72

.00 0

18) Facing challenges inherent in the work situation.

3.48 2.84 2.65 1.52 2.66 2.176 .07 2

29.45 4

.00 0

33.1 39

.00 0

19) Confiding in seniors without fear and they will misuse the trust.

3.42 2.70 2.58 2.43 2.71 4.334 .00 2

8.155 .00 0

10.5 67

.00 0

20) Owning up to mistakes.

3.14 2.96 2.56 1.52 2.68 1.980 .09 8

20.50 7

.00 0

27.7 58

.00 0

21) Considering both positive and negative aspects before taking actions.

3.44 3.36 3.04 2.48 2.55 4.010 .00 4

12.77 9

.00 0

12.5 34

.00 0

22) Obeying and checking with seniors rather than acting on your own.

3.60 3.14 2.90 2.26 2.04 10.93 5

.00 0

29.51 9

.00 0

44.5 40

.00 0

23) Performing immediate tasks rather than being concerned about large organization goals.

2.96 3.16 2.85 3.12 2.88 3.295 .01 2

1.084 .36 5

1.24 1

.29 7

24) Making genuine attempts to change behaviour on the basis of feedback.

3.26 3.14 3.21 2.55 2.70 2.485 .04 4

6.679 .00 0

6.14 2

.00 0

25) Effective managers put a lid on their feelings.

2.42 3.14 2.83 2.83 3.11 2.679 .03 2

4.530 .00 2

4.48 0

.00 2

26) Pass the buck tactfully whenever there is a problem.

1.80 2.56 2.58 2.60 2.68 1.267 .28 4

7.168 .00 0

7.07 5

.00 0

27) Trust begets trust. 3.56 2.92 3.04 2.02 2.55 7.434 .00 0

19.14 2

.00 0

18.4 31

.00 0

28) Telling a polite lie is preferable to telling the unpleasant truth.

2.14 2.58 2.38 1.67 2.43 .586 .67 3

5.391 .00 0

5.27 3

.00 1

29) Prevention is better than cure.

3.30 3.12 2.88 1.36 2.27 2.368 .05 3

28.68 2

.00 0

33.0 62

.00 0

30) Freedom to employees breeds indiscipline.

2.52 2.44 2.40 3.31 2.34 2.792 .02 7

7.152 .00 0

7.38 5

.00 0

31) Usually, emphasis on team work dilutes individual accountability.

2.04 2.52 2.23 3.00 2.52 1.826 .12 4

6.486 .00 0

6.30 8

.00 0

32) Thinking out and doing new things tones up the organization‟s

vitality.

3.60 2.82 2.83 1.38 2.75 3.240 .01 3

35.76 8

.00 0

48.9 14

.00 0

33) Free and frank communication between various levels helps in solving problems.

3.36 3.04 2.77 1.40 2.80 .273 .89 5

36.52 6

.00 0

36.2 12

.00 0

34) Surfacing problems is not enough; we should find the solutions.

3.72 2.98 3.06 1.52 2.77 4.968 .00 1

34.18 9

.00 0

32.9 05

.00 0

35) When the chips are down you have to fend for yourself (people cannot rely on others in times of crisis)

2.90 2.70 2.71 2.43 2.50 5.305 .00 0

1.834 .12 3

1.65 6

.16 5

36) People generally are what they appear to be.

2.34 2.76 2.35 2.48 2.46 6.241 .00 0

1.463 .21 4

1.54 9

.19 2

37) A stitch in time saves nine.

3.72 3.10 3.19 1.38 2.50 3.936 .00 4

50.07 2

.00 0

58.9 19

.00 0

38) A good way to motivate employees is to give them autonomy to plan their work.

3.10 2.82 2.71 1.43 2.39 2.066 .08 6

23.88 2

.00 0

31.7 74

.00 0

39) Employees‟

involvement in developing an organization‟s

mission and goals contributes to productivity.

3.68 3.18 2.67 1.45 2.48 6.724 .00 0

46.98 8

.00 0

60.8 40

.00 0

40) In today‟s

competitive situations, consolidation and stability are more important than experimentation.

3.26 3.16 3.04 1.40 2.54 4.352 .00 2

33.85 6

.00 0

39.7 83

.00 0

WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT AT WORK PLACE

Statistics= Mean Logi stics

Healt hcare

Edu cation

Manufa cturing

Constr uction

Levene Statistic

Sig .

F/Wel ch

Si g.

1. There are proper seating arrangements at your work place.

4.90 4.22 4.31 2.64 3.30 33.137 .00 0

36.478 .00 0

2. There is sufficient lighting, cleanliness, proper temperature and ventilation at your work place.

4.70 4.50 4.06 2.45 3.16 28.815 .00 0

25.164 .00 0

3.You face noise pollution at work place.

2.04 2.38 2.13 3.40 3.23 9.832 .00 0

9.364 .00 0

4.Your work place is hazardous to your health.

1.80 2.30 2.02 2.74 3.68 2.765 .02 8

15.322 .00 0

5. Proper measures have been taken at your work place related to your safety.

4.70 4.24 3.90 1.74 3.02 9.109 .00 0

64.352 .00 0

6. You have to spend a long time in commuting from your residence to work place daily.

3.28 3.16 3.12 3.07 3.59 2.518 .04 2

1.119 .35 1

7. You have been provided at your work place with the adequate tools and equipments with latest technology essential for the work assigned to you.

4.54 3.60 3.58 1.50 3.39 3.043 .01 8

64.601 .00 0

8. You have been provided proper training of using the tools and equipment used in your routine work.

4.40 3.98 3.29 1.40 3.16 7.548 .00 0

73.760 .00 0

9. You are given work load according to your capacity, neither overloaded nor under loaded.

4.08 3.68 3.90 2.14 3.61 1.368 .24 6

13.889 .00 0

10. Working hours at your work place are usually normal except emergency.

4.70 4.20 4.40 3.48 3.70 26.445 .00 0

9.111 .00 0

11. There is two types of duty system i.e. shift duties and straight day duty in your organization.

4.12 3.98 2.50 4.62 3.25 3.524 .00 8

23.584 .00 0

12. Location of your work place and all other departments i.e. Stores & Purchase, Accounts, HR and other authorities is nearby in your organization.

4.62 4.52 4.13 3.71 3.07 18.389 .00 0

13.516 .00 0

13.You have been provided adequate devices with latest technology for communication to interact with other concerned departments as well as knowledge of using the devices is also provided to all the concerned people?

4.82 4.20 3.42 1.38 3.46 18.812 .00 0

112.87 9

.00 0

14. Principle of right man at right place with proper hierarchy of authorities is being maintained during routine working system as per organizational structure.

4.18 3.86 3.85 1.60 3.00 6.610 .00 0

44.410 .00 0

15. You have been informed about service rules, policies and procedures and you feel comfortable with these.

4.66 3.96 3.92 1.38 3.36 9.980 .00 0

104.17 6

.00 0

16.You get all required resources e.g. manpower, raw material, money and machineries as and when needed.

4.58 3.22 3.46 1.86 2.98 5.020 .00 1

35.090 .00 0

17.There are multiple authorities involved in decision making process.

3.98 3.24 3.75 2.95 3.41 2.906 .02 2

3.863 .00 5

18. There are harmonious relations between all H.O.Ds. / Directors of the organization.

4.52 3.72 3.71 2.93 3.14 6.319 .00 0

17.924 .00 0

19. The top management remains in touch directly with the employees at work place.

4.54 3.66 3.54 3.67 2.95 15.928 .00 0

15.467 .00 0

20. The behaviour and attitude of supervisor or immediate boss with subordinates is always supportive and favourable at work place.

4.64 4.10 3.88 2.10 3.16 6.695 .00 0

41.555 .00 0

21. The top management and employees have full trust in each other and their mutual behaviour and attitude of towards each other is always positive.

4.58 3.60 3.50 2.19 3.21 4.033 .00 3

33.231 .00 0

22. The people holding leading positions in the organization are capable enough and their role is always positive.

4.40 3.92 3.50 2.57 3.21 7.379 .00 0

19.037 .00 0

23. Adequate pay and compensation as well as timely payment of dues to employees is ensured by the management.

4.32 3.44 3.52 1.45 3.07 7.560 .00 0

41.661 .00 0

24. There is equal behaviour of leaders with all team members irrespective of their level, gender, caste, region and religion.

4.24 3.78 3.48 1.57 3.18 2.864 .02 4

33.163 .00 0

25. All the employees are respectful and supportive to their colleagues.

4.62 4.08 3.87 1.90 3.04 11.828 .00 0

49.731 .00 0

IMPACT OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT AT

WORK PLACE

Statistics= Mean

Logi stics

Healt hcare

Edu

cation

Manufa cturing

Constr uction

Levene Statisti

c

Sig

.

F/Wel

ch

Si g.

1. Proper seating arrangements increase the efficiency and work output but improper seating arrangements decrease the same.

4.86 4.64 4.56 4.43 3.13 19.202 .00 0

15.448 .00 0

2. Sufficiency of these facilities at your work place increase the efficiency and work output but insufficiency of these facilities decreases the same.

4.92 4.76 4.63 3.88 3.25 42.053 .00 0

20.877 .00 0

3. Noise pollution decreases the efficiency and work output but when there is no noise pollution efficiency and work output increase.

4.66 4.64 4.60 4.00 3.27 26.264 .00 0

11.672 .00 0

4. Hazardous working conditions affect adversely on health and performance of employees at work place.

4.64 4.78 4.29 3.83 3.46 19.089 .00 0

12.483 .00 0

5. Appropriate safety measures keep you anxiety free and your work efficiency and performance increase but improper measures affect adversely.

4.84 4.70 4.73 3.95 3.66 31.059 .00 0

12.874 .00 0

6. Long time spent on commuting affects adversely the work efficiency and performance.

2.46 4.22 4.00 2.81 3.39 9.920 .00 0

13.632 .00 0

7. Availability of adequate tools and technology at work place enhances efficiency and performance.

4.94 4.68 4.77 2.17 3.55 35.090 .00 0

48.904 .00 0

8. Proper training about use of equipment and technology helps in increasing work efficiency and performance but without training performance is poor.

4.68 4.64 4.69 3.86 3.20 34.490 .00 0

13.870 .00 0

9. Your work efficiency and output is more when the work load is according to your capacity, but in case of over load or under load work efficiency and performance is poor.

4.74 4.64 4.62 4.24 3.75 19.359 .00 0

7.196 .00 0

10. In normal working hours the work efficiency and output remains high but in long work hours it decreases.

4.10 4.68 4.25 4.79 3.13 22.782 .00 0

16.848 .00 0

11. Employees feel comfortable and their work efficiency and performance remains comparatively higher in straight day duty than the shift duty.

4.06 4.36 4.29 4.62 3.21 7.043 .00 0

11.569 .00 0

12. Time and energy of employees is wasted, work efficiency and performance is adversely affected due to distance between locations of these departments and work site.

4.62 4.50 4.56 4.10 3.05 14.455 .00 0

12.800 .00 0

13. Communication devices and technology as well as training of their use provided to employees enhance their performance.

4.96 4.76 4.65 1.57 3.48 31.744 .00 0

96.551 .00 0

14. Selection of manpower by matching their capabilities with the work requirements and maintenance of proper hierarchical order keeps the performance high.

4.94 4.56 4.42 1.71 3.23 41.212 .00 0

88.901 .00 0

15. Proper knowledge of organizational rules and procedures, their suitability to employees keeps employees‟ performance

high.

4.68 4.52 4.67 1.52 3.23 19.950 .00 0

81.068 .00 0

16. Availability of resources at the time of requirement keeps the work efficiency and performance high.

4.94 4.64 4.44 1.83 3.39 26.773 .00 0

67.653 .00 0

17. Multiplicity of authorities involved in decision making process causes delay in decisions and decreases work efficiency and performance.

3.74 4.36 3.83 3.43 2.80 5.646 .00 0

11.139 .00 0

18. Harmonious relations between key persons keep employees‟ performance high.

4.78 4.44 4.50 3.00 3.41 11.697 .00 0

21.800 .00 0

19. Top management‟s

regular supervision affects the work efficiency and performance of employees positively.

4.76 4.46 4.35 2.62 3.30 51.493 .00 0

23.815 .00 0

20. Supportive behaviour and positive attitude of superiors with subordinates encourage the employees and their output is high.

4.94 4.64 4.62 2.17 3.21 25.983 .00 0

67.531 .00 0

21. Mutual trust, supportive behaviour and positive attitude of management towards employees keep their morale and performance high.

4.84 4.44 4.48 2.31 3.59 20.028 .00 0

43.489 .00 0

22. Capability and dependability of the leaders give the direction to employees and their performance is affected accordingly.

4.72 4.64 4.44 3.83 3.23 24.941 .00 0

13.605 .00 0

23. Inadequate salary and compensation as well as delay in payment of dues cause demotivation, low morale consequently low productivity.

4.52 4.70 4.56 4.64 3.30 11.772 .00 0

9.969 .00 0

24. Discriminate behaviour of a leader affects the team spirit and performance of employees adversely.

4.76 4.70 4.62 4.50 3.41 20.872 .00 0

8.835 .00 0

25. „Employees‟ team spirit

and support to each other at work place result into high morale and high productivity.

4.92 4.76 4.65 3.05 3.32 46.467 .00 0

25.849 .00 0

OCTAPACE PROFILE

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND WORK ENVIRONMENT

Statements:

1. For the first statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.903 (Sig 0.004). It indicates

the use of Welch test statistics (28.569 Sig 0.000). Welch test indicates a significant

difference among the mean scores of organizational culture and work environment. It

was noted that the respondents from Manufacturing as well as construction gave

rather low value about the free interaction in their sectors, while others were

almost neutral in their reactions. The reason for the same have been observed (1)

Superiority Complex amongst the employees working at senior positions (2) The

junior employees are discouraged to project and discuss their problems before the

seniors (3) Biased behavior of the bosses (4) No solution of problems is provided in

spite of repeated complaints (5) Importance given blindly to senior persons but

ignorance of junior employees by the top management too.

2. For the second statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 0.894 (Sig 0. 468). It

indicates the use of F-statistics (25.81 Sig 0.000). F-value indicates a significant

difference among the mean scores of organizational culture and work environment.

The respondents from Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries have

given rather low value about the statement that facing and not shying from

problems at work place. The reasons behind such responses are (1) Lack of mutual

trust and team spirit amongst employees (2) Biased behavior of Departmental Heads

with their subordinates (3) No specified responsibilities and accountabilities.

3. For the third statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 0. 200 (Sig 0. 938). It



The scholar observed that the respondents from Manufacturing and Construction

Industries have given rather low value rate about Offering moral support and help

to employees and colleagues in a crisis at their work place. The reasons of the

same are: (1) Lack of mutual trust and team spirit (2) Biased leadership (3) Bad

interpersonal relationship (4) Different regional and cultural background (5) Having

bad experience in past i.e. not fulfilling the given words.

4. For the fourth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.433 (Sig 0.048). It

indicates the use of Welch test statistics (12.822 Sig 0.000). Welch test indicates a

significant difference among the mean scores of organizational culture and work

environment. It has been found during the research study that the respondents from

Manufacturing and Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about

congruity between feelings and expressed behavior (minimum gap between what

people say and what people do). The reasons of the same are: (1) It has been

observed that people despite spending a sizeable time period together at their work

place, they are not loyal to each other (2) There is always difference between their

oral statements and practical behavior of people at their workplace.

5. For the fifth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.653 (Sig 0.034). It indicates



was noted that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing and Construction

Industries have given rather low value rate about preventive actions on most

matters. The reasons of the same are: (1) People working in these industries were

observed ignorant and forgetful about the losses caused due to carelessness or not

taking preventive measures (2) Poor supervision and execution of established

procedures (3) Attitude of compromising and adopting shortcut methods to do the

work (4) Scarcity of resources (5) Inadequate or sometimes no support by the

authorities or management.

6. For the sixth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.414 (Sig 0.010). It indicates



The scholar observed that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing and

Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about taking independent

action relating to their jobs. The reasons of the same are: (1) People do not have

liberty of taking their own actions or decisions in relation to their job. (2) No

delegation of authorities (3) Ambiguous and indecisive situations prevailing several

times even in crucial mattes.

7. For the seventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 4.640 (Sig 0.001). It



environment. It was observed that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing

and Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about team work and

team spirit. The reasons of the same are: (1) Biased behavior of managers with their

subordinates (2) Managing methods adopted by the managers that is based on divide

and rule principle (3) Different cultural background, languages, regional and social

traditions (4) Decisions taken on the basis of assumption and presumptions with

prejudiced mentality.

8. For the eighth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.052 (Sig .088). It



The respondents from Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries have

given rather low value rate about trying out innovative ways of solving problems.

The reason for the same have been observed (1) traditional attitude of their

managements (2) poor financial position (3) incompetent leaders (4) scarcity of

resources.

9. For the ninth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 1.157 (Sig .330). It indicates

the use of F-statistics (25.843 Sig 0.000). F-value indicates a significant difference

among the mean scores of organizational culture and work environment. The scholar

in his study found that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing and

Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about the statement,

Genuine sharing of information, feelings and thoughts in meetings. The reasons

of the same have been observed as (1) The people in management are not

professionally qualified, (2) They have business more than their capacity and their

manpower is always over burdened with work load, so they do not have time for

meetings (3) Lack of mutual trust and bad interpersonal relations (4) Incompetent

leadership and leaders‟ negative and biased behaviour.

10. For the tenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be .625 (Sig .645). It indicates

the use of F-statistics (21.921 Sig 0.000). F-value indicates a significant difference

among the mean scores of organizational culture and work environment. During the

research study the scholar found that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing

and Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about the statement,

Going deeper rather than doing surface-analysis of interpersonal problems

which is due to following reasons (1) Ignorance of top management or owners(2)

Improper organizational structure (3) Lack of professionalism and the management

believes blindly on feedback of some trustworthy persons and all decisions are taken

on the basis of those trustworthy people‟s feedback.

11. For the eleventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.259 (Sig .063). It



was noted that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing and Construction

Industries have given rather low value rate about the statement, Interpersonal

contact and support among people. The reasons for the same are (1) people are

from different social backgrounds i.e. language, religion, culture, (2) poor literacy

rate, (3) lack of behavioural training, (4) less efforts from the management side (5)

clashing ego of employees.

12. For the twelveth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 1.088 (Sig .363). It



has been observed that the respondents from all industries i.e. Logistics, Healthcare,

Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries have given rather low value

rate about the statement, Tactfulness, smartness and even a little manipulation to

get things done. The reasons for the same are (1) poor managerial skills of a

particular manager (2) The background of the supervisory staff (3) leadership

behavior.

13. For the thirteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.378 (Sig .052). It



has been observed that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing and


Seniors encouraging their subordinates to think about their development and

take action in that direction. The reasons for the same are (1) the employees are

discouraged to do their individual development because their seniors have fear that

the juniors would leave the organization, if they get themselves developed (2)

Groupism and biased leadership (3) Ignorance by management (4) Excess work load

(5) No initiatives and less interest to learn by the juniors.

14. For the fourteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.119 (Sig .016). It



environment. It was noticed that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing and

Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about the statement, Close

supervision of, and directing employees on, action. The reasons for the same are

(1) Interpersonal relations between supervisory staff and subordinates are not good

(2) Carelessness at the end of supervisory staff (3) Groupism amongst the employees

(4) Biased behavior of Departmental Head, Unit Head or Managers.

15. For the fifteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.033 (Sig .018). It



environment. The scholar found that the respondents from Manufacturing and


accepting and appreciating help offered by others. The reasons for the same are

(1) Interpersonal relations between supervisory staff and subordinates are not good

(2) Distrust or lack of mutual trust on colleagues at work place (3) Groupism amongst

the employees and no team spirit amongst colleagues(4) No help is provided by the

colleagues when someone was in need (5) Biased behavior of Departmental Head,

Unit Head or Managers.

16. For the sixteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 5.778 (Sig .000). It



environment. In the study of organizations where survey has been carried out the

scholar has found that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing and


Encouraging employees to take a fresh look at how things are done. The reasons

for the same are: (1) Excess workload (2) Poor supervision (3) No accountability and

responsibility fixed (4) No fear of loosing business.

17. For the seventeenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 5.135 (Sig .001). It



environment. It could be found during the survey of various industries that the

respondents from Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries

have given rather low value rate about the statement, Free discussion and

communication between seniors and subordinates. The reasons for the same are:

(1) People at senior positions are very egoistic (2) Lack of knowledge and self-

confidence (3) Usual shouting and ignominious behavior by the seniors on their

juniors for small- small mistakes (4) Excess communication gap between senior and

juniors (5) Important information communicated by juniors are ignored or given no

value by the seniors at all levels. (6) Demoralized and demotivated subordinate staff.

18. For the eighteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.176 (Sig .072). It



was noted that the respondents from Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and

Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about the statement, Facing

challenges inherent in the work situation. The reasons for the same are (1) No

sense of belongingness with organization. (2) No accountability and responsibility

fixed (3) Let go attitude of employees (4) Poor supervision, (5) Lack of guidance, (6)

Lack of support from seniors (7) Lack of knowledge and self-confidence (8) No

training to employees.

19. For the nineteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 4.334 (Sig .002). It



environment. It has been noted that the respondents from Healthcare, Education,

Manufacturing and Construction Industries have given rather low value rate about

the statement, Confiding in seniors without fear and they will misuse the trust.

The reasons for the same are: (1) Experience of distrust faced in the past (2) Use and

throw behavior of seniors (3) Leaders are not trustworthy.

20. For the twentieth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 1.980 (Sig .098). It



has been observed that the respondents from Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing


Owning up to mistakes. The reasons for the same are: (1) Fear of getting punished

(2) Fear of getting disrepute (3) Employees making a significant place into eyes of

seniors by flattery or cleverness instead of doing real work.

21. For the twenty-first statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 4.010 (Sig .004). It



environment. It was observed that the respondents from Manufacturing and


Considering both positive and negative aspects before taking actions. The reasons

for the same are: (1) Decisions are taken on the basis of feedback of trustworthy

people instead of finding real facts by doing proper enquiry and the trustworthy

people several give wrong feedback. (2) Decisions are taken with biasness and

prejudices.

22. For the twenty-second statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 10.935 (Sig .000).

It indicates the use of Welch test statistics (44.540 Sig 0.000). Welch test indicates a


environment. It has been noted that the respondents from Education, Manufacturing


Obeying and checking with seniors rather than acting on your own. The reasons

for the same are: (1) It is only followed when the employee is newly inducted, later

all becomes very casual. (2) Attitude of assumption and presumption.

23. For the twenty-third statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.295 (Sig 0.012). It

indicates the use of Welch test statistics (1.241 Sig .297). Welch test indicates a


environment. The scholar has noted that the respondents from Logistics and

Education, Industries have given rather low value rate about the statement,

Performing immediate tasks rather than being concerned about large

organization goals. The reasons for the same is that the management is not serious

about bringing required improvement at base level, but focusing on bigger target.

24. For the twenty-fourth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.485 (Sig 0.044). It



environment. It was found in the study that the respondents from Manufacturing and


Making genuine attempts to change behaviour on the basis of feedback. The

reasons for the same (1) No penal action is taken (2) Wrong doers are supported by

the senior persons in the organization. (3) Work performance is given more

importance than the behavior.

25. For the twenty-fifth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.679 (Sig 0.032). It



environment. The scholar found about the statement that effective managers put a

lid on their feelings the respondents from Logistics, Education and Manufacturing

Industries have responded that it is belief which is shared by only some persons in

the Organization. The reasons for the same is lack of abilities to understand such

facts.

26. For the twenty-sixth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 1.267 (Sig .284). It



was found about the statement that pass the buck tactfully whenever there is a

problem in this connection the respondents from all the organizations of Logistics,

Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries have responded

that this is belief which is shared by only some persons in the Organization. The

reasons for the same are: (1) Management‟s attitude (2) Vigilant supervisor, managers

and team leaders. (3) Fairness in the organizational culture (4) Respect to honesty and

diligence (5) Fixed accountabilities and responsibilities.

27. For the twenty-seventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 7.434 (Sig 0.000).

It indicates the use of Welch test statistics (18.431 Sig .000). Welch test indicates a


environment. It was noted that the respondents from Healthcare, Manufacturing and

Construction Industries have given their response that it is a belief which is shared

by only some persons in the Organization about the statement, Trust begets trust.

The reasons for the same are: (1) Poor leadership (2) Poor team spirit (3) Lack of

behavioural training (4) Ignorance of management (5) Selfishness in the culture.

28. For the twenty-eighth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be .586 (Sig .673). It



has been found about the statement that Telling a polite lie is preferable to telling

the unpleasant truth the respondents from all the organizations of Logistics,

Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries have opined that it

is a belief which is shared by only some persons in the Organization. The reasons

for the same is that in today‟s business scenario transparency is expected from every

one, so people usually be straight forward.

29. For the twenty-ninth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.368 (Sig .053). It



About the statement that Prevention is better than cure it was noted that the

respondents from the organizations of Education, Manufacturing and Construction

Industries have responded that belief which is shared by only some persons in the

Organization. The reasons for the same is (1) Lose administration (2) Poor

supervision and execution of instructions (3) Lack of punishment (4) Informal

relationship (5) Impact of flattery in organizational culture.

30. For the thirtieth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.792 (Sig .027). It



environment. It was found in the research study that the respondents from Logistics,

Healthcare, Education and Construction Industries have responded that it is a belief

which is shared by only some persons in the Organization about the statement that

freedom to employees breeds indiscipline. The reasons for the same is that the

every employee wants to work freely and able to give better result rather than being

under continuous supervision and guidance of some senior.

31. For the thirty-first statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 1.826 (Sig .124). It



was found in the survey that the respondents from the organizations of Logistics,

Healthcare, Education, and Construction Industries have responded that it is a belief

which is shared by only some persons in the Organization about the statement,

usually, emphasis on team work dilutes individual accountability. The

respondents find the statement wrong because in team work also everyone‟s duties

and responsibilities are established and they are accountable for the same.

32. For the thirty-second statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.240 (Sig .013). It



environment. The respondents from Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and

Construction Industries have responded to the questions of research study that it is a

belief which is shared by only some persons in the Organization about the

statement, thinking out and doing new things tones uuuupppp thethethethe oooorrrrgagagagannnnizaizaizaizattttioioioionnnn‟‟‟‟ssss vitalivitalivitalivitality.ty.ty.ty.

The reasons for the same (1) Lack of awareness amongst the employees. (2) Lack of

training programmes to enhance employees knowledge and skills.

33. For the thirty-third statement, Levene‟s value was found to be .273 (Sig .895). It



The scholar found in the responses received from the respondents of the organizations

of Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries that it is a belief which is

shared by only some persons in the Organization about the statement, free and

frank communication between various levels helps in solving problems. The

reasons for the same (1) Lack of awareness amongst the employees. (2) Lack of

training programmes to enhance employees knowledge and communication skills (3)

No training programme about behavior modification (4) Less liberty (5) Hierarchical

gap.

34. For the thirty-fourth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 4.968 (Sig .001). It



environment. It was noted that the respondents from Healthcare, Manufacturing and

Construction Industries that it is a belief which is shared by only some persons in

the Organization about the statement, surfacing problems is not enough; we

should find the solutions. The respondents do not agree with this statement because

they usually suggest the solution of problem faced by them at their workplace.

35. For the thirty-fifth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 5.305 (Sig .000). It



environment. The study says that the respondents from all the organizations of

Logistics, Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and Construction Industries have

responded that it is a belief which is shared by only some persons in the

Organization about the statement that when the chips are down you have to fend

for yourself (people cannot rely on others in times of crisis. The respondents do

not agree with this statement because they feel that they usually rely upon each other,

when they are in trouble and also extend mutual support.

36. For the thirty-sixth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 6.241 (Sig .000). It



environment. The scholar found in his study that the respondents from all the

organizations of Logistics, Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and Construction

Industries have responded that it is a belief which is shared by only some persons in

the Organization about the statement that people generally are what they appear

to be. The respondents do not agree with this statement because (1) People do not

keep their words several times (2) People are very diplomatic at workplace (3) Lack

of mutual trust (4) Usually experience difference between oral statements and

practical working.

37. For the thirty-seventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.936 (Sig .004). It



environment. It was noted that the respondents from the organizations of

Manufacturing and Construction Industries have responded that it is a belief which is

shared by only some persons in the organisatio about the statement that a stitch in

time saves nine. Reason of this Disagreement with the statement by the respondents

is due to (1) Lack of awareness and low literacy level (2) No training programme for

knowledge enhancement.

38. For the thirty-eighth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.066 (Sig .086). It



was noted that the respondents from the organizations of Healthcare, Education,


shared by only some persons in the organization about the statement that a good

way to motivate employees is to give them autonomy to plan their work. The

reasons for the same (1) Lack of awareness amongst the employees. (2) Lack of

training programmes to enhance employees‟ knowledge (3) Lack of will power to

accept responsibilities (4) Escapist attitude.

39. For the thirty-ninth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 6.724 (Sig .000). It



environment. It has been observed that the respondents from the organizations of


shared by only some persons in the Organization about the statement that

eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss‟‟‟‟ iiiinnnnvolvvolvvolvvolveeeemmmmeeeennnnt t t t in in in in ddddeeeevvvveeeelolololoppppiiiinnnngggg an an an an oooorrrrgagagagannnnizaizaizaizattttioioioionnnn‟‟‟‟ssss mmmmisisisisssssion ion ion ion aaaannnnd d d d goagoagoagoallllssss

contributes to productivity. Reason of this disagreement with the statement by the

respondents is due to (1) Lack of awareness and low literacy level (2) No training

programme for knowledge enhancement of employees (3) Often ignorance by

seniors.

40. For the fortieth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 4.352 (Sig .002). It



environment. It was noted that the respondents from the organizations of


shared by only some persons in the Organization about the statement that in

todaytodaytodaytoday‟‟‟‟ssss ccccoooommmmppppeeeetitititittttiveiveiveive sisisisittttuuuuaaaattttioioioionnnns,s,s,s, ccccoooonnnnsosososolllliiiiddddaaaattttionionionion aaaannnndddd stabstabstabstabiiiilllliiiitytytyty aaaarrrreeee mmmmoooorrrreeee iiiimmmmppppoooorrrrtanttanttanttant

than experimentation. Reason of this disagreement with the statement by the

respondents is due to (1) Lack of awareness and low literacy level (2) No training

programme for knowledge enhancement of employees (3) Less involvement of

employees in decision making processes.

WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT AT WORKPLACE

1. For the first statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 33.137 (Sig .000). It indicates


difference among the mean scores of working conditions and work environment. It

was noted that on the statement that there are proper seating arrangements at your

work place the respondents of Logistics, responded as Strongly Agree, Healthcare

and Education Industries have responded to the option Somewhat Agree and the

respondents of Manufacturing and Construction Industries responded to Neither

Agree nor Disagree. On searching the reasons of such responses the scholar has

found that there were seating facilities provided on the work places of Logistics,

Healthcare and Education Industries. Although there were some deficiencies like old

and broken furniture, availability of chairs or stools were less than strength of

employees yet people were found satisfied with the arrangements. In the

Manufacturing and Construction Industries respondents have responded to Neither

Agree nor Disagree. However, the facilities have been provided at construction sites

but the employees are not able to avail due to nature of work and prevailing working

condition such as location of site, multiple places of work and frequently changing

situations.

2. For the second statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 28.815 (Sig .000). It


significant difference among the mean scores of working conditions and work

environment. It was noted that on the statement that there is sufficient lighting,

cleanliness, proper temperature and ventilation at your work place the

respondents of Logistics, Healthcare have responded to Strongly Agree, the

Education Industries have responded to the option Somewhat Agree and the

respondents of Manufacturing and Construction Industries responded to Neither

Agree nor Disagree respectively. The scholar has found the reasons of such

responses about provisions of lighting, cleanliness, temperature and ventilation that

on the work places of Logistics, Healthcare Industries that (1) Adequate provisions

have been made (2) Workers were found satisfied and comfortable during their work

process with those provisions (3) The workers were found able to give their best

output and they felt that their performance was not adversely affected due to the

above provisions. The respondents of Manufacturing units have responded to the

option Somewhat Disagree because of non-availability of proper provisions

mentioned above and difficulties were faced during working. The reasons of the same

were (i) No permanent person appointed to look after such responsibilities. (ii)

Resources are not available (3) No financial support from management (4) Ignorance

of management/ ownership. The respondents of Construction Industry have

responded to the option Neither agree nor Disagree because (a) usually at

construction sites all most all activities are outsourced to the contractors who does not

follow all the norms and save money (b) Principal Employer does not take much pain

to ensure the proper provisions (c) Although, the government officials visit and check

at work site, but they do not do their duties honestly and point out deficiencies rather

they take bribe from the contractors and give correct report (d) Workers at such sites

never raise any objection because they do not have courage due to poverty, illiteracy

and migratory nature of work and their poverty.

3. For the third statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 9.832 (Sig .000). It indicates



was noted that the respondents from Logistics, Healthcare and Education industries

have responded to the option Somewhat Disagree and the respondents of

Manufacturing and Construction industries have responded to Neither agree nor

Disagree about the statement that you face noise pollution at work place. The

reason of Somewhat Disagreement by the respondents of Logistics, Healthcare and

Education industries that (1) All literate people are working in these industries who

are usually aware of disadvantages of noise pollution (2) Preventive measures have

been taken as well as necessary instruction have been displayed at various common

places for the people to keep silence. (3) In Education and Healthcare sector noise is

never permitted. The reasons of response that Neither agree nor Disagree from the

respondents of other two industries (1) There are problems, but the people have fear

of loosing job if they respond anything against the company‟s management system,

so they gave such response (2) People working at worker level sometimes do not

know what to reply, so they opted the middle path.

4. For the fourth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.765 (Sig .028). It



environment. It was noted that the respondents from Logistics, Healthcare, Education

and Manufacturing industries have responded to Somewhat Disagree and the

respondents of Construction industry have responded to Neither agree nor Disagree

about the statement that your work place is hazardous to your health. The scholar

has also observed that in Logistics, Healthcare and Education and Manufacturing

industries (1) Proper measures have been taken to avoid hazourds (2) People are

being provided regular training to make them aware of their safety from occupational

hazards. Opposite to that in construction industry (i) There are problems with

Construction Industry, but the people have fear of loosing job if they respond

anything against the company‟s management system, so they gave such response (ii)

People working at worker level sometimes do not know what to reply, so they opted

the middle path.

5. For the fifth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 9.109 (Sig .000). It indicates



was noted that the respondents from Logistics, Healthcare and Education industries

have responded to Strongly Agree or Somewhat Agree and the respondents of

Manufacturing and Construction industry have responded Somewhat Disagree and

Neither agree nor Disagree respectively about the statement that proper measures

have been taken at your work place related to your safety. The scholar has also

observed that in Logistics, Healthcare and Education industries (i) Safety measures

were taken adequately. (ii) Enough safety devices were provided to the workers as

well as they were provided proper training for use of devices (iii) all necessary

instructions were displayed at prominent places for the knowledge of workers.

Opposite to that Manufacturing and Construction industries (1) No safety norms and

instructions were displayed for workers (2) No safety devices were provided to them

(3) No training was being provided to the workers regarding safety at work place.

6. For the sixth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.518 (Sig .042). It indicates

the use of F-statistics (1.119 Sig .351). F-value indicates a significant difference

among the mean scores of working conditions and work environment. It was noted

that the respondents from all industries Logistics, Healthcare, Education,

Manufacturing and Construction Industries have responded to Neither Agree nor

Disagree about the statement that you have to spend a long time in commuting

from your residence to work place daily. The scholar has observed that there are

some people who commute from their homes to work place from very distant places

but they have become accustomed to that routine, so they do not feel it.

7. For the seventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.043 (Sig .018). It



environment. It was noted that the respondents from Logistics have responded to

Strongly Agree but the people from Healthcare and Education and Construction

industries have responded to the option Neither Agree nor Disagree and the

respondents of Manufacturing industry have responded to the option Somewhat

Disagree about the statement that you have been provided at your work place with

the adequate tools and equipments with latest technology essential for the work

assigned to you. The scholar has also observed that all the employees of Logistics

Company where study was carried out were strengthened by providing them (1)

Latest machines, tools and equipments with latest technology (2) They were being

provided training about the use of new technology time to time. But the reasons of

neutral responses of Healthcare, Education, Manufacturing and Construction is

because that they do not want to highlight the weaknesses of their organization but

the same time they could not also give false information so they have adopted a

middle path which shows that there are problems.

8. For the eighth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 7.548 (Sig .000. It indicates



was noted that the respondents from Logistics and Healthcare have responded to the

option Somewhat Agree and Education and Construction industries have responded

to Neither agree nor Disagree but the respondents of Manufacturing industry have

responded to the option Strongly Disagree about the statement that you have been

provided proper training of using the tools and equipment used in your routine

work. The scholar has also observed in Logistics and Healthcare Industries that all

the workers were provided training time to time training of latest technology as well

as newly commissioned machines, tools and equipments. But the respondents of

Education and Construction have adopted middle path by opting neutral option

because they do not want to respond about weaknesses of the Organization, but they

are not being provided any training and the respondents of Manufacturing industry

have responded to Strongly Disagree means that they are not at all provided any

training regarding the use of new machine or technology.

9. For the ninth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 1.368 (Sig .246. It indicates



was noted that the respondents from Logistics, Healthcare, Education and

Construction industries have responded to the option Somewhat Agree and the

respondents of Manufacturing industry have responded to the option Somewhat

Disagree about the statement that you are given work load according to your

capacity, neither overloaded nor under loaded. The scholar has also observed that

the workers in all industries except Manufacturing found quite comfortable with the

work load provided to them. They were neither over loaded nor under loaded. But the

workers of Manufacturing industry were very much over loaded and working under

tremendous pressure.

10. For the tenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 26.445 (Sig .000. It indicates



was noted that the respondents from all the organizations of Logistics have responded

that they are Strongly Agree but Healthcare and Education responded to Somewhat

Agree but Manufacturing and Construction industries have responded to Neither

Agree nor Disagree about the statement that working hours at your work place are

usually normal except emergency. The scholar has done a deep study and found that

usually there are normal working hour, but sometimes they have to overstay due work

exigencies.

11. For the eleventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 3.524 (Sig .008) It



environment. It was noted that the respondents from the organizations of Logistics

and Healthcare have responded to the option Somewhat Agree, Manufacturing

responded to Strongly Agree and the respondents of Education and Construction

industries have responded to Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement that

there is two types of duty system i.e. shift duties and straight day duty in your

organization. The scholar could found out the reasons of such responses that (1)

Logistics, Healthcare and Manufacturing are such industries where round the clock

work is under process, so it is inevitable to have shift duties and in Construction and

Education Industries it is not necessary to have shift duties, but many times on need

based temporary shift duties are detailed.

12. For the twelveth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 18.389 (Sig .000) It



environment. It was noted that the respondents from the organizations of Logistics,

Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing have responded to the options Strongly

Agree and Somewhat Agree but the respondents of Construction Industry responded

to Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement that location of your work place

and all other departments such as Stores & Purchase, Accounts, HR and other

authorities is nearby in your organization. It has been observed by the scholar that

in almost all the organizations the location of above mentioned departments are in

same premises and nearby. At sites of Construction Industry sometimes due to non-

availability of space and nature of work the location of these departments may be

away from work site.

13. For the thirteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 18.812 (Sig .000) It




have responded to Strongly Agree, Healthcare responded to Somewhat Agree,

Education and Construction industries have responded to Neither Agree nor

Disagree and the Manufacturing Industry have responded to Strongly Disagree

about the statement that you have been provided adequate devices with latest

technology for communication to interact with other concerned departments as

well as knowledge of using the devices is also provided to all the concerned

people. The scholar has observed that in all the industries except Manufacturing the

employees have been provided communication devices with latest technology and

they have been adequately trained to have effective use of the devices but scarcity has

also been noticed with Education and Construction Industries and in Manufacturing

Industry neither the devices have been provided nor the workers are being provided

awareness training about the use of such devices.

14. For the fourteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 6.610 (Sig .000) It




and Healthcare have to Somewhat Agree, Education and Construction industries

have responded to Neither Agree nor Disagree and the Manufacturing Industry have

responded to Strongly Disagree about the statement that principle of right man at

right place with proper hierarchy of authorities is being maintained during

routine working system as per organizational structure. The scholar has observed

that at the recruitment and induction of employees is often done on the basis of match

between their job specification and job requirement as well as hierarchical orders as

per organizational structure in Logistics, Healthcare Industries. In the Education and

Construction Industries very often principles and hierarchical orders are compromised

due certain reasons (1) Immediate requirements of manpower (2) Not getting the right

man for right place and work is adversely affected. In Manufacturing Industry it was

noticed that neither the principle of right man at right place is being followed nor

hierarchical order is being adhered because of owner‟s low level of literacy and

attitude, pressure from the customer, improper organizational structure and

unprofessional employees.

15. For the fifteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 9.980 (Sig .000) It



environment. It was noted that the respondents of Logistics industry have responded

to the option Strongly Agree, Healthcare to Somewhat Agree, Education and

Construction industries have responded to the option Neither Agree nor Disagree

but the respondents of Manufacturing Industry have responded as Strongly Disagree

about the statement that you have been informed about service rules, policies and

procedures and you feel comfortable with these. The scholar has asked questions

to the employees and found in his research that employees are being provided

induction and orientation training programme and informed about services rules and

policies of the organizations in Logistics. Although same procedure is followed in

Healthcare, Education Industries too yet due to lack of understanding about the

question the responses have been given in neutral way but Construction companies

but the same practice was not found to be adopted by the Manufacturing Industry.

16. For the sixteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 5.020 (Sig .000) It



environment. It was noted that the respondents of Logistics industry have responded

to the option Strongly Agree, Healthcare, Education and Construction industries

have responded to the option Neither Agree nor Disagree but the respondents of

Manufacturing Industry have responded as Strongly Disagree about the statement

that you get all required resources e.g. manpower, raw material, money and

machineries as and when needed. The scholar in his research found that the

problems of getting required resources on time are not faced by the people working

with Logistics. But in Healthcare, Education and Construction Industries there are

few problems but the people do not want to highlight the weaknesses of the

organization. Manufacturing Industry very often the problem of not having raw

material and stoppage of production line is faced due to nonpayment of material to

vendors.

17. For the seventeenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.906 (Sig .022) It




and Education Industries have responded to the option Somewhat Agree Healthcare,

Manufacturing and Construction industries have responded to Neither Agree nor

Disagree about the statement that there are multiple authorities involved in

decision making process. The scholar found during his research that there used to be

multiple authorities involved in decision making process of all the organizations.

Respondents of Logistics and Education have agreed, but others have neither agreed

nor Disagreed in their response because they have neither taken this questionnaire

seriously nor they wanted to reply clearly.

18. For the eighteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 6.319 (Sig .000) It




responded to Strongly Agree, Healthcare and Education responded to Somewhat

Agree but Construction and Manufacturing industries have responded to Neither

Agree nor Disagree about the statement that there are harmonious relations

between all H.O.Ds./ Directors of the organization. The scholar has observed that

there are harmonious relations between the Departmental Heads/ Directors of the

organizations of Logistics, Healthcare and Education Industries. There are

disharmony of relations between some managers due to their ego, but the respondents

have deliberately opted middle path answer because they do not want to highlight the

weaknesses of their organization.

19. For the nineteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 15.928 (Sig .000) It




responded to Strongly Agree, Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing responded

to Somewhat Agree but Construction industry have responded to Neither Agree nor

Disagree about the statement that the top management remains in touch directly

with the employees at work place. It has been noticed by the scholar during his

research study that senior people of management frequently meet the people at their

work place in order to keep their morale high as well as supervise them and the

frequent meetings and visits are possible at the places where workplaces are near to

Head Office. In opposite to that in Construction Industry the scholar found that visit

and meetings of senior people at their work site are very rare due to distance and

remote location of the site from head Office.

20. For the twentieth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 6.695 (Sig .000) It





Agree. Manufacturing industries have responded to Strongly Disagree but

respondents of Construction Industry responded to Neither Agree nor Disagree

about the statement that the behaviour and attitude of supervisor or immediate

boss with subordinates is always supportive and favourable at work place. It has

been found that the immediate bosses and supervisor at work place in Logistics,

Healthcare, Education industries were very much supportive because of their culture

of professionalism and management‟s philosophy. But in Manufacturing and

Construction Industry the behavior and attitude of immediate bosses and supervisors

was biased and non-supportive because of management‟s ignorance as well as

believing on wrong persons.

21. For the twenty-first statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 4.033 (Sig .003) It







about the statement that the top management and employees have full trust in

each other and their mutual behaviour and attitude of towards each other is

always positive. The scholar has found in Logistics, Healthcare, Education and

Construction industries full of mutual trust between management and employees

because the employees are loyal, honest and dedicated to their work at the same time

the management is always supportive with them in all circumstances but in the

Manufacturing Industry it has been noticed that there was lack of mutual trust

between management and employees because of selfish attitude from both side.

22. For the twenty-second statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 7.379 (Sig .000) It







about the statement that the people holding leading positions in the organization

are capable enough and their role is always positive. The scholar has found that

people working in Logistics, Healthcare, Education and industries were capable and

befitting in their positions as well as having positive attitude towards their other staff

members because (1) they are professionally qualified and behaviourally trained (2)

Recruit and selection of manpower is on the basis of principle of right man at right

place (3) Organizational culture follows the principle of respect for each other. But

opposite to that in Manufacturing Industry it was found that people holding senior

positions are neither capable nor able to handle those responsibilities. This is because

of (i) Wrong Selection Process (ii) Low level of compensation paid to the employees.

The cause of ambiguous response of respondents of construction industry is that they

do not want to tell any weakness of the company due to fear of loosing job.

23. For the twenty-third statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 7.560 (Sig .000) It




and Education Industries have responded to Somewhat Agree and Healthcare and

Construction industries have responded as Neither Agree nor Disagree but the

respondents of Manufacturing Industry have responded and responded Strongly

Disagree about the statement that adequate pay and compensation as well as

timely payment of dues to employees is ensured by the management. The

compensation paid to employees working in Logistics, and Education is at par with

other industries in the market which makes the employees satisfied. In Healthcare and

Construction respondents did not want to answer clearly because of fear and in

Manufacturing it has been noticed that neither equity is maintained nor timely

payment is made to the workers.

24. For the twenty-fourth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 2.864 (Sig .024) It




and Healthcare have responded to Somewhat Agree, Education and Construction

industries have responded as Neither Agree nor Disagree but the respondents of

Manufacturing Industry have responded and responded Strongly Disagree about the

statement that there is equal behaviour of leaders with all team members

irrespective of their level, gender, caste, region and religion. The scholar found

that there is equal behavior with every employee irrespective of his/ her level, caste,

religion and region because there is complete professionalism in organizations of

Logistics and Healthcare but in Education and Construction industries people did not

want reply clearly because of fear. But it has been found in the Manufacturing

Industry that there is biasness on the basis of region, religion and caste as well as

gender of the employees because the owner himself is not adequately qualified and

having no knowledge of professionalism.





have responded to Strongly Agree, Healthcare responded to Somewhat Agree,

Education and Construction industries have responded as Neither Agree nor

Disagree but the respondents of Manufacturing Industry have responded and

responded to Strongly Disagree about the statement that all the employees are

respectful and supportive to their colleagues. It has been found that the employees

working in Logistics, Healthcare, Education and Construction industries have the

culture of respecting each other at their work place. That is because of (1)

Management‟s attitude (2) Educated employees (3) Market awareness amongst

employees. But in Manufacturing Industry the culture of respect to each other was not

found because of (1) Low level of education of owners as well as employees. (2)

Recruitment through recommendations of relations and hiring incompetent persons

(3) No knowledge of professionalism

IMPACT OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON

EEEEMMMMPLPLPLPLOOOOYEYEYEYEEEEE‟‟‟‟SSSS PEPEPEPERRRRFFFFORORORORMMMMAAAANNNNCECECECE

1. For the first statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 19.202 (Sig .000) It indicates

the use of Welch test statistics (15.448 Sig .000). Welch test indicates a significant

difference among the mean scores of impact of working conditions and work

environment on employees‟ performance. It was noted that the respondents from the

organizations of Logistics, Healthcare and Education Industries have responded to the

option Strongly Agree and Manufacturing Somewhat Agree but the respondents of

Construction Industry have responded to the option Neither Agree nor Disagree

about the statement that proper seating arrangements increase the efficiency and

work output but improper seating arrangements decrease the same. The scholar

could find that Organizations have provided proper seating arrangements in Logistics,

Healthcare and Education and Manufacturing Industries so there is no adverse impact

on the performance of employees working in these industries but the employees of

construction industry are not comfortable with seating arrangements provided at their

work site hence they are not able to give their cent percent output.

2. For the second statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 42.053 (Sig .000) It


significant difference among the mean scores of impact of working conditions and

work environment on employees‟ performance. It was noted that the respondents

from the organizations of Logistics, Healthcare and Education Industries have

responded to the option Strongly Agree and Manufacturing Somewhat Agree but

the respondents of Construction Industry have responded to the option Neither Agree

nor Disagree about the statement that sufficiency of these facilities (lighting,

cleanliness, temperature) at your work place increase the efficiency and work

output but insufficiency of these facilities decreases the same. It has been noticed

during the research that Organizations have made adequate arrangements in Logistics,

Healthcare and Education and Manufacturing Industries so there is no adverse impact

on the performance of employees working in these industries but the employees of

construction industry are not comfortable with lighting, cleanliness, temperature and

ventilation system provided at their work site hence they are not able to give their

cent percent output.

3. For the third statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 26.264 (Sig .000) It indicates





option Strongly Agree and Manufacturing Somewhat Agree but the respondents of

Construction Industry have responded to the option Neither Agree nor Disagree

about the statement that noise pollution decreases the efficiency and work output

but when there is no noise pollution efficiency and work output increase. The

researcher has studied and found that as far as noise pollution is concerned the

respondents have responded negatively, but there is no adverse impact of noise

pollution on the performance of employees working in these industries has not been

affected adversely, but the reasons of having more noise pollution and no adverse

impact on employees‟ performance of all industries. But the performance of

construction workers have been adversely affected that is why they did not deny

rather they gave neutral statement.

4. For the fourth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 19.089 (Sig .000) It






the respondents of Construction Industry have responded to the option Neither Agree

nor Disagree about the statement that hazardous working conditions affect

adversely on health and performance of employees at work place. Scholar found

in his study that the performance of employees working with the organizations of

Logistics, Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing Industries was unaffected due to

hazardous working conditions because they knew that adequate preventive measures

have been taken at their work place, but the performance of employees working in the

Construction Industries were found that neither any improvement nor decline because

it is not felt that there are hazardous working conditions.

5. For the fifth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 31.059 (Sig .000) It indicates





option Strongly Agree and Manufacturing, Construction Industries have Somewhat

Agreed but about the statement that proper measures have been taken at your

work place related to your safety. The scholar has received the responses from the

respondents of all five industries that they are working with free mind without a fear

of any accident and miss-happening, so their performance has also improved.

6. For the sixth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 9.920 (Sig .000) It indicates




organizations of Logistics are Somewhat Disagree, Healthcare and Education

Industries have responded to the option Somewhat Agree and Manufacturing,

Construction Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree but about the statement

that long time spent on commuting affects adversely the work efficiency and

performance. The scholar has carried out his research study at five industries out of

them the performance of employees of Logistics Industry are found improved

because they are not commuting daily from their homes to work place as they have

been provided accommodation near to the work place. The performance of employees

working in Healthcare and Education Industry has been found declining due to mental

and physical exertion and tiredness arising due to daily travelling from their home to

work place but no impact on the performance of employees of Manufacturing,

Construction Industries is found because of their daily travelling. The scholar opines

that the impact is there but it has never been noticed by anyone from that point of

view.

7. For the seventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 35.090 (Sig .000) It





responded to the option Strongly Agree and Manufacturing Somewhat Disagreed

but the Construction Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the

statement that availability of adequate tools and technology at work place

enhances efficiency and performance. The employees of first three industries are

performing well because they have been provided all necessary tools, equipments and

machineries with latest technology, so their work has become easier as well as

working speed and effectiveness has increased. Opposite to that the employees of

Manufacturing Industry have not been provided all these facilities, so their work

efficiency and productivity is low. The employees working in Construction Industry

are not able to understand about the impact on their performance due to low literacy

level, however the scholar has found that their performance is positively affected by

new technology and equipments.

8. For the eighth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 34.490 (Sig .000) It






the Construction Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement

that proper training about use of equipment and technology helps in increasing

work efficiency and performance but without training performance is poor. It

has been observed that due to regular training for use of new technology and

machineries provided to the employees of Logistics, Healthcare, Education and

Manufacturing Industries their performance has improved. Their efficiency and

productivity has increased, customers‟ complaints have decreased and consequently

there is enhancement in overall business volume and profitability. The employees of

construction responded to a neutral option because of their non-seriousness towards

the questionnaire but the scholar has observed that several workers were working

with latest machineries and other equipments which made their work quite easy as

well as there was manifold improvement in their work output and productivity.

9. For the ninth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 19.359 (Sig .000) It indicates





option Strongly Agree and Manufacturing Somewhat Agree but the Construction

Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement that your work

efficiency and output is more when the work load is according to your capacity,

but in case of over load or under load work efficiency and performance is poor.

It has been observed that due to regular work load given according to maximum

capacity of the employees of Logistics, Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing

Industries their performance has improved. It has been observed that they could finish

the task within stipulated time period as well as less faults and rework in comparison

to earlier chances when they were overloaded with the work that time it was noticed

that very frequently mistakes were committed during work process, accidents took

place, rework had to be done and wastage of time energy cost a huge amount.

However, the employees of construction industry are not able to understand the

reality due to their low literacy level as well as they are not concerned with pendency

of work and loss caused due the same, because maximum workers are working under

subcontractors that to daily basis wages so they do not apply their mind in such

consequences because they are only interested in the money which they will get at the

end of the day with which they will purchase their food and eat. But the scholar has

observed that the workload which is more than capacity of an individual the

performance was bound to go down.

10. For the tenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 22.782 (Sig .000) It indicates




organizations of Logistics, Healthcare and Manufacturing Industries have responded

to the option Strongly Agree and Education Somewhat Agree but the Construction

Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement that in normal

working hours the work efficiency and output remains high but in long work

hours it decreases. The scholar has observed during the research study that due to

routine and genuine working hour the performance of employees working with

Logistics, Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing Industries was found increased.

It has been observed that they could finish the task within stipulated time period as

well as less faults and rework in comparison to those employees who have to work

for long hours that time it was noticed that very frequently mistakes were committed

during work process, accidents took place, rework had to be done and wastage of time

energy cost a huge amount. Everybody comes to his/ her work place with a mindset

that he/ she will return to home after a stipulated time period but when one is asked to

stay for a longer period than the stipulated one, the individual gets mentally disturbed

and loss of interest and concentration immediately takes place and any performance

given by the employee will be halfheartedly. In such situations it had been

experienced that occurrence of accidents, mistakes in work output, rejections and

rework have increased which has resulted into wastage of time, energy and other

indirect cost to the organization. The above situations are applicable to every

industry including the employees of construction industry who are not able to

understand the reality due to their low literacy level as well as they are not concerned

with delay in work completion and loss caused due the same, because maximum

workers are working under subcontractors that to daily basis wages, so they do not

apply their mind in such consequences because they are only interested in the money

which they will get at the end of the day with which they will purchase their food and

eat. But the scholar has observed that the workload which is more than capacity of an

individual the performance was bound to go down.

11. For the eleventh statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 7.043 (Sig .000) It




from the organizations of Logistics, Healthcare and Manufacturing Industries have

responded to the option Strongly Agree and Education Somewhat Agree but the

Construction Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement that

employees feel comfortable and their work efficiency and performance remains

comparatively higher in straight day duty than the shift duty. As it has been

mentioned in the previous statement that every individual has mindset and it is also

natural that everyone likes to work during the day time and sleep in night time, so it

has been experienced that the work efficiency and performance output of people is

comparatively higher in straight day duty than the night shift duty. Other reasons for

the same are (1) A person who awakes in night and sleeps in day can never have

proper sleep during the day time and he wouldn‟t feel fresh in the night when he will

come to work (2) Rate of absenteeism in night shift workers is also higher than the

day duty and that absenteeism decrease productivity. This has been agreed by almost

all respondents, however the employees of Construction Industry have not directly

agreed but indirectly they have also not denied the same.

12. For the twelveth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 14.455 (Sig .000) It





responded to the option Somewhat Agree and Manufacturing Strongly Agree but


that time and energy of employees is wasted, work efficiency and performance is

adversely affected due to distance between locations of these departments (Store

& Purchase, Accounts, HR) and work site. These are the departments with which

requirements of employees working in each and every functional department of any

organization are inevitably connected and the distant location of these departments

from the work place will consume a large part of time of every work whoever visits

there during working hours and that will have an adverse impact on efficiency and

productivity of the workers. Almost all the employees of every organization where

study has been carried out agreed to this fact that distant location of supporting

departments has an adverse impact on their performance.

13. For the thirteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 31.744 (Sig .000) It





responded to the option Strongly Agree and Manufacturing Somewhat Disagree but


that communication devices and technology as well as training of their use

provided to employees enhance their performance. All the employees of those

organizations where research study has been carried out strongly accepted that the

communication devices with latest technology used in day to day working have a

significant positive impact on their day to day performance, but the employees of

Manufacturing Industry have Disagreed with the statement because they have not

been provided such facilities and their performance at workplace is poor. The

employees of Construction Industry however neither agreed nor Disagreed but the

scholar has observed that wherever latest technology and devices have been provided

to the workers including Manufacturing and Construction Industry the work process

has become easier, efficiency or human resources increased as well as productivity.

14. For the fourteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 41.212 (Sig .000) It







that selection of manpower by matching their capabilities with the work

requirements and maintenance of proper hierarchical order keeps the

performance high. Impact of performance of employees has been found positive in

the Logistics, Healthcare and Education because in these organizations before

recruitment of any employee the Human Resources Department checks the

qualification, skills and experiences of applicants and match the same with job

specification of various positions. No recruitment is done as „square peg in round

hole‟ at the same times it has been properly take care that everybody has been

assigned task according to their abilities and skills within the periphery of

organizational hierarchical structure and no violation of such principles. This has an

impact on the employees‟ performance that quantity and quality of their production or

services provided by them is always at higher side and appreciated by their

customers.

15. For the fifteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 19.950 (Sig .000) It







that proper knowledge of organizational rules and procedures, their suitability to

eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeees s s s kkkkeeeeeeeepppps s s s eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss‟‟‟‟ ppppererererffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaancncncnceeee hhhhigigigighhhh. . . . The companies of Logistics,

Healthcare and Education Industries have a proper induction and orientation

programmes of the employees at the time of their joining and before placing them to

their assigned task, they are made to undergo the orientation training. In the

orientation training programme new comers are acquainted with all rules and policies

of the organization. The employees working in these organizations have responded

that the prior knowledge of the relevant rules and policies of the organization has

made their way of working prominent, so they know what ought to do and what not

ought to do. The Organization‟s rules and policies are suitable to all the employees.

This clarity of rules and policies has helped the employees to save their time at work

place as well as maintaining harmony of relations within the organization. The

performance of employees working in Manufacturing Industry is found poor as well

as dissatisfaction and disharmonious relations have been found because the workers

are always in the state of uncertainty and ambiguity about rules and policies what to

do and when to do and how to do which have an adverse impact of individual

behavior, makes them disloyal, insincere and disgruntled employees. There is no clear

policy and no provision of induction orientation programmes. Although, the

employees of Construction Industry have neither agreed nor Disagreed with the

statement but the in fact the scholar has observed that this kind of irregularities are

more in the construction companies because the maximum workers are contractual

and working of daily wages basis, so they do not care for any rules and procedures of

the organization.

16. For the sixteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 26.773 (Sig .000) It




from the organizations of Logistics, Healthcare Industries have responded to the

option Strongly Agree, Education Somewhat Agree and Manufacturing Somewhat

Disagree but the Construction Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the

statement that availability of resources at the time of requirement keeps the work

efficiency and performance high. The performance of employees in any

organization depends upon availability of resources on right time and right place

according to desired specification and it has been found that in three organizations i.e.

Logistics, Healthcare and Education where the scholar has carried out his research

study the performance of employees remains always at high level because they get all

the required resources such as Men, Material, Machine, Method and Money on time

required for desired production and services. But the employees‟ performance in

Manufacturing Industry usually found poor due to stoppage of work every now and

then sometime raw material is not available, sometime right manpower is not

available to perform the task, sometimes the employees do not how operate the

particular machine or a tool and sometime financial crisis. Although, the employees

desire to perform yet their performance remains poor due to non-availability of other

nonhuman resources. This problem is even existing in the Construction Industry too

despite the employees have neither accepted nor denied this problem. They have

given the neutral response because of lack of knowledge and interest about the

questionnaire.

17. For the seventeenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 5.646 (Sig .000) It





responded to the option Somewhat Agree and Manufacturing and Construction

Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement that multiplicity of

authorities involved in decision making process causes delay in decisions and

decreases work efficiency and performance. Where there are more than one

persons are involved in decision making process of any organization it has been

observed that the performance of employees gets affected adversely as the scholar has

found the same thing in the organizations of Logistics, Healthcare and Education

Industries where study has been done by the scholar. But the employees of

Manufacturing and Construction Industries might have neither accepted nor denied

about the above statement but the scholar has observed that the performance of

employees has gone down several times due to delay in decisions because of non

consensus amongst the authorities, sometimes non-availability of the other authority

and sometimes due to ego or unhealthy relationship between the deciding authorities.

18. For the eighteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 11.697 (Sig .000) It




from the organizations of Logistics and Education Industries have responded to the

option Strongly Agreed, Healthcare responded to Somewhat Agree but

Manufacturing and Construction Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about

the statement that harrrrmmmmoooonnnnioioioiouuuussss rrrreeeelatiolatiolatiolationnnnssss bbbbeeeettttwwwweeeeeeeennnn kkkkeeeeyyyy ppppeeeerrrrsosososonnnnssss kkkkeeeeeeeepppp eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss‟‟‟‟

performance high. It has been experienced in the Logistics and Healthcare

Industries that good mutual relations amongst the senior people of various

departments within an organization makes the employees to perform better because

the employees do not have any fear and anticipation of negative reaction from

anybody in the organization, even if any miss happening takes place than also the

employees are sure that the problem would be solved by the senior people of affected

departments because they know that there is good understanding amongst officials.

Opposite to this spirit the employees of Manufacturing and Construction Industries

are not sure whether there will be negative impact or positive impact, they will work

under constraint in which conditions the performance never improves even if it does

not go down.

19. For the nineteenth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 51.493 (Sig .000) It




from the organizations of Logistics Industries have responded to the option Strongly

Agreed, Healthcare and Education responded to Somewhat Agree but


the statement that top top top top mmmmaaaannnnagagagageeeemmmmeeeennnntttt‟‟‟‟ssss rrrreeeegggguuuullllarararar ssssupupupuperererervisvisvisvisiiiion on on on aaaaffffffffecececectstststs the the the the wwwwoooorrrrkkkk

efficiency and performance of employees positively. The top officials of the

Logistics Industry keep on making frequent supervision and monitoring to their

various branches where the operational work is carried out by the employees. The

employees keeping in mind that any senior person may come at any time they always

remain punctual and regular to their work place, they maintain discipline in their

general behavior and working system. Other side if they face any problem at their

work place they an easy access to their authority and get their problem solves, hence

it has been found that the employees‟ performance of all such branches is always

better than others. In the Education and Healthcare Industry too same situation has

been observed but Manufacturing and Construction Industries the employees are not

sure whether their performance will be affected by the presence and supervision of

any senior person of the management because they did not notice any effect on their

performance due to presence or supervision of senior person at shop floor or work

site.

20. For the twentieth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 25.983 (Sig .000) It





responded to the option Strongly Agreed, Manufacturing Somewhat Disagree and

Construction Industries have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement

supportive behaviour and positive attitude of superiors with subordinates

encourage the employees and their output is high. The employees‟ performance in

the Logistics, Healthcare and Education Industries has been noticed good and

improved because of the impact of supportive behavior and attitude of their

supervisors and managers at work place. The supervisory staff is found always

respectful to their subordinates, listening their problems seriously and providing

solutions, the supervisory and managerial staff usually teach and train their

subordinates about the issues which they do not know. Consequently the employees

feel homely and fearless, they do not hesitate in asking any help from their seniors,

they communicate freely with each other to seek the solution of all kinds of problems.

Thus the work efficiency and output of such employees is always high. The

employees of Manufacturing Industry do not get proper guidance and support from

their seniors, so their performance has been noticed as poor. The impact on

employees performance in construction company is neither negative poor nor positive

because the almost all activities are outsourced to petty contractors on piece rate

bases and those petty contractors are one of the workers themselves that to from same

family, so in such situation every worker work with honesty and commitment because

they have their vested interest also. The principal employer does not need to supervise

the workers they only take the status report of the work from the petty contractors.

21. For the twenty-first statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 20.028 (Sig .000) It




from the organizations of Logistics Industries have responded to the option Strongly

Agreed, Healthcare and Education responded to Somewhat Agree but


the statement mutual trust, supportive behaviour and positive attitude of

management towards employees keep their morale and performance high. The

employees‟ performance in the Logistics, Healthcare and Education Industries has

been noticed good and improved because of the impact of mutual trust supportive

behavior and attitude of the management towards employees at work place. The

representatives of management are found always respectful to their employees,

listening their problems seriously and providing solutions, consequently the

employees feel homely and fearless, they do not hesitate in asking any help from their

seniors, they communicate freely with each other to seek the solution of all kinds of

problems. Thus the work efficiency and output of such employees is always high. The

employees of Manufacturing Industry do not that their management has trust in them

as well having negative attitude towards the employees so they do not work with full

zeal and enthusiasm as well as fearlessly, so employee performance of Manufacturing

Industry is noticed poor. The impact on employees performance in construction

company is neither negative poor nor positive because the almost all activities are

outsourced to petty contractors on piece rate bases and those petty contractors are one

of the workers themselves that to from same family, so in such situation every worker

work with honesty and commitment because they have their vested interest also. The

management does not come to meet the workers they only take the status report of the

work from the petty contractors.

22. For the twenty-second statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 24.941 (Sig .000) It




from the organizations of Logistics and Healthcare Industries have responded to the

option Strongly Agreed, Education and Manufacturing responded to Somewhat

Agree but Construction Industry have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the

statement capability and dependability of the leaders give the direction to

employees and their performance is affected accordingly. The employees‟

performance in the Logistics, Healthcare and Education Industries has been noticed

good and improved because of the impact of abilities and capabilities of the

supervisory and managerial staff. The supervisors and managers are found always

respectful to their employees, listening their problems seriously and providing

solutions, consequently the employees feel homely and fearless, they do not hesitate

in asking any help from their seniors, they communicate freely with each other to

seek the solution of all kinds of problems. Thus the work efficiency and output of

such employees is always high. The impact on employees performance in

Construction company is neither negative nor positive of abilities and capabilities of

leaders of the organizations because the almost all activities are outsourced to petty

contractors on piece rate bases and those petty contractors are one of the workers

themselves that to from same family, so in such situation every worker work with

honesty and commitment because they have their vested interest also. The

management does not come to meet the workers they only take the status report of the

work from the petty contractors.

23. For the twenty-third statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 24.941 (Sig .000) It




from the organizations of Logistics and Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing

Industries have responded to the option Strongly Agreed, but Construction Industry

have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement inadequate salary and

compensation as well as delay in payment of dues cause demotivation, low

morale consequently low productivity. Yes the scholar has found on the basis of

research study carried out in Logistics and Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing

Industries that performance of the employees go to worse if insufficient amount of

compensation is paid to the employees, the equity of compensation is not maintained

e job, so the work will be adversely affected at same level in same organization of

same industry, delay in making payment of salary due to any reason. The employees

will feel demoralized, demotivated and dissatisfied, unwilling to go to work place and

unwilling to do any work. It will increase rate of absenteeism and employee turnover.

Trained employees will leave the work will be adversely affected. Rejections and

failures of services will take place that will cause customers‟ dissatisfaction, loss of

business and profitability. The impact on employees performance in Construction

company is neither negative nor positive of abilities and capabilities of leaders of the

organizations because the almost all activities are outsourced to petty contractors on

piece rate bases and those petty contractors are one of the workers themselves that to

from same family, so in such situation every worker work with honesty and

commitment because they have their vested interest also. But their performance will

also be adversely affected, if the payment of petty contractor is not made in time or

paid low compensation than which they deserve. They will leave the work from that

site and search another company.







have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement discriminate behaviour of a

leader affects the team spirit and performance of employees adversely. As

mentioned in twenty-third statement the same thing is applicable for this statement

also that the scholar has found on the basis of research study carried out in Logistics

and Healthcare, Education and Manufacturing Industries that performance of the

employees go to worse if there is discrimination on the basis of any factor in the

behavior of managers, supervisory staff and the people working at leading position in

an organization. The discriminatory behavior of a responsible person of nay

organization will damage the team spirit of employees of an organization, they will be

non-cooperative with each other and performance of every employee will be

adversely affected. The employees will feel demoralized, demotivated and

dissatisfied, unwilling to go to work place and unwilling to do any work. It will

increase rate of absenteeism and employee turnover. Trained employees will leave the

work will be adversely affected. Rejections and failures of services will take place

that will cause customers‟ dissatisfaction, loss of business and profitability. The

impact on employees performance in Construction company is neither negative nor

positive of behavior of leaders of the organizations because the almost all activities

are outsourced to petty contractors on piece rate bases and those petty contractors are

one of the workers themselves that to from same family, so in such situation every

worker work with honesty and commitment because they have their vested interest

also. But their performance will also be adversely affected, if the petty contractors be

treated with biasness and discrimination.

25. For the twenty-fifth statement, Levene‟s value was found to be 46.467 (Sig .000) It






have Neither Agree nor Disagree about the statement eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss‟‟‟‟ tttteeeeaaaam sm sm sm sppppiritiritiritirit aaaannnnd d d d

support to each other at work place result into high morale and high

productivity. Employees working all level in every organization are strongly agreed

that a good team spirit is always inevitably help in enhancing the employees‟

performance at work place. If there is good team spirit among the workers they will

feel happy and homely at their work place. They will work with full zeal and

enthusiasm which will result into high level of work efficiency and productivity.

Although the respondents of Construction Industry have neither agreed nor Disagreed

might be due to their non-seriousness towards my research yet the scholar has found

it universally applicable including construction industry.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid Very low value

Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

32 12.8 12.8 12.8

41 16.4 16.4 29.2

93 37.2 37.2 66.4

84 33.6 33.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND WORK ENVIRONMENT

Data Analysis:

1) Free interaction among employees, each respecting others feelings,

competence and sense of judgment.

Fairly high value (37.2 percent) has been observed amongst the employees for free

interaction and respect for each other‟s feelings, competence and sense of judgment. In

some organizations it has also been noticed at very low value (12.8 percent). The reason

for very high value or fairly high value in the organizational cultures is that the people are

following concept of team spirit and own accountability for each other‟s work. The

reason of very low value is lack of team spirit, self centeredness, and their ego.

2) Facing and not shying from problems.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

28 11.2 11.2 11.2

58 23.2 23.2 34.4

82 32.8 32.8 67.2

82 32.8 32.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

It has been observed that people working in the industry are fighting with problems and

giving their solutions instead of escaping from them. As shown in the above chart that the

level of this value in maximum organizational culture is either „Very High Value‟ or

„Fairly High Value‟ (32.8 percent) but in few organizations it has also been observed at

lower level (11.2 percent). This is all because of the attitude of employees towards

problems arising during the work performance. They get adequate support and guidance

from their superiors in searching solutions of the problems. The low value has been

observed in the culture where supervisory staff is non-cooperative.

Frequ

ency

Percen

t

Valid

Percent

Cumulativ

e Percent

Valid Very low

value

Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

35 14.0 14.0 14.0

44 17.6 17.6 31.6

82 32.8 32.8 64.4

89 35.6 35.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

3) Offering moral support and help to employees and

colleagues in a crisis.

A very high value (35.6 percent) has been observed that a culture has developed at work

places in the industries that people extend their support to each other whenever they are

in any sort of crisis. In few organizations the mutual cooperation and support is observed

at a very low value (14 percent). The reasons for very high or fairly high value is regular

training of employees on team spirit development and professionalism, opposite to this

the reason of very low value in the culture of organizations is lack of professionalism,

training and less importance to human resources.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

51 20.4 20.4 20.4

75 30.0 30.0 50.4

55 22.0 22.0 72.4

69 27.6 27.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

4 Congruity between feelings and expressed behaviour (minimum gap

between what people say and what people do)

The difference between the words and actions of people has been observed significantly

at rather low value (30 percent) in some organizations and at the same time it has also

been found at very high value (27 percent) in the culture of some other organizations. The

main reason of very low value is lack of mutual trust and interaction. The reason of very

high value is high level of team spirit and interaction.

5) Preventive actions on most matters

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

50 20.0 20.0 20.0

53 21.2 21.2 41.2

81 32.4 32.4 73.6

66 26.4 26.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

In order to prevent any accident, loss of production, and loss of manpower or any other

loss a habit of taking preventive measures has been adopted in the culture of every

organization in modern business management. The level of this activity is fairly high

value (32.4 percent) has been found in most of the organizations which follow quality

management system and every quality system recommends the implementation of

preventive measures. However, in some organizations this has also been observed at

rather low value (21.2 percent) because of poor supervision and lack of quality

management systems.

6) Taking independent action relating to their jobs

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

57 22.8 22.8 22.8

65 26.0 26.0 48.8

63 25.2 25.2 74.0

65 26.0 26.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

The independence of taking decisions and actions is not provided by every organization.

In some organizations the employees enjoy complete independence at very high value (26

percent), in some organizations in certain matters they are given freedom and in some

organizations authorities are completely centralized and employees have been found

enjoying freedom at rather low value (26 percent). This is all because of Management

Philosophy, Leaders‟ attitude or the people working on managerial positions, but

maximum impact is attitude and philosophy of the management of concerned

organization. Employees‟ aptitude level is also a deciding factor for giving independence

in taking action.

7) Team work and team spirit

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

44 17.6 17.6 17.6

61 24.4 24.4 42.0

53 21.2 21.2 63.2

92 36.8 36.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Although in the culture of maximum

and team spirit is at very high

been noticed that team w

level or low level of va

methods and tricks adopted

managers are biased and

wherever the managers are

e of maximum organizations it has been observe

y high value (36.8 percent) yet in some organiz

work and team spirit is at very low value (17.6 p

alue system in the organizational culture is d

dopted by the managers/ leaders of the organization.

d prejudiced with their subordinates the team

re fair in dealing with their subordinates, the tea

ed that team work

zations it has also

percent). The high

due to managing

on. Wherever the

spirit is low and

eam spirit is high.

8) Trying out innovative ways of solving problems

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

45 18.0 18.0 18.0

66 26.4 26.4 44.4

67 26.8 26.8 71.2

72 28.8 28.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

The scholar has observed at a very high value (28.8 percent) as trying out innovative

ways of solving problems. The reason for adopting of innovative methods for solution of

problems is technological advancement and use of technology in order to enhance

efficiency and productivity of all resources. It saves time, energy and cost. Another

reason of adopting innovative ways is the competitive market where the customers prefer

to obtain services from the organization which is more innovative. However, it has also

been found that still some organizations are applying it at very low value (18 percent)

because of traditional attitude of their managements and poor financial position.

9) Genuine sharing of information, feelings and thoughts in meetings

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

41 16.4 16.4 16.4

46 18.4 18.4 34.8

83 33.2 33.2 68.0

80 32.0 32.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

The scholar has observ

genuine sharing of inform

solutions at fairly high va

been noticed that they d

observed at very low va

high value is their busine

very low value is that the

have business more than

work load.

ved that maximum organizations have cultur

rmation, feelings and thoughts in meetings for

alue (33.2 percent), but at the same time few organi

do not have this types of practices in their cult

alue (16.4 percent). The reason of having this

ess requirement and other side reason for having

the people in management are not professionall

their capacity and their manpower is always ov

re of conducting

for finding proper

rganizations have

ture and they are

practice as fairly

ving this practice as

ly qualified, they

over burdened with

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

44 17.6 17.6 17.6

54 21.6 21.6 39.2

84 33.6 33.6 72.8

68 27.2 27.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

10) Going deeper rather than doing surface-analysis of interpersonal

problems

The scholar has found in his survey that in the organizations where people are

professionally qualified in management and working on managerial positions the

decisions are taken after deep analysis regarding solutions of interpersonal problems and

they are rated as „fairly high value‟ (33.6 percent), but it has also been found that in some

organizations this value system is rather low value (21.6 percent) because of lack of

professionalism and the management believes blindly on feedback of some trustworthy

persons and all decisions are taken on the basis of those trustworthy people‟s feedback.

11) Interpersonal contact and support among people

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

27 10.8 10.8 10.8

78 31.2 31.2 42.0

72 28.8 28.8 70.8

73 29.2 29.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

In some organizations it h

(29.2 percent). The reas

educated and trained a

relationship, encouragement

low value (10.8 percent)

social backgrounds i.e. la

training, less support from

has been found in the organizational culture as

sons of very high value are that the people a

as well as they know the art of maintaining

ment from management and senior leaders. The

nt) or rather low value (31.2 percent) is people a

anguage, religion, culture, poor literacy rate, lac

m the management and clashing ego of employee

a very high value

are professionally

maintaining interpersonal

The reason for very

are from different

ck of behavioural

ees.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

38 15.2 15.2 15.2

73 29.2 29.2 44.4

82 32.8 32.8 77.2

57 22.8 22.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

12) Tactfulness, smartness and even a little manipulation to get things

done

Management is to get the work done through others which can only be achieved by

adopting tactfulness, smartness and some time manipulations. The scholar has observed

that these skills are being used by all the organizations as fairly high value (32.8 percent)

but in some organizations at rather low value (29.2 percent). Adopting the same at high

or low level depends upon the managerial skills of a particular manager. The background

of the supervisory staff and leadership behavior are the major reason behind such type of

cultures.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

42 16.8 16.8 16.8

79 31.6 31.6 48.4

61 24.4 24.4 72.8

68 27.2 27.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

13) Seniors encouraging their subordinates to think about their

development and take action in that direction.

It has been found that 27.2 percent of the employees feel that the senior employees of

organizations encourage their subordinates to learn more and do their individual

development because the culture of those organizations has been developed on this

philosophy that for organizational development employees‟ individual development is

must. In some organization the employees (31.6 percent) are of opinion that the

employees are discouraged to do their individual development because they have fear

they would leave the organization, if they get themselves developed.

14) Close supervision of, and directing employees on, action

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

44 17.6 17.6 17.6

55 22.0 22.0 39.6

93 37.2 37.2 76.8

58 23.2 23.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of study of various organizational cultures

the scholar has found that 37.2 percent employees feel that they are supervised closely

during working and directed by their seniors. The reasons of the close supervision and

persistent guidance at work place are: (1) To maintain efficiency and high performance

of employees. (2) To ensure minimum rejections and re-work (3) To achieve the targeted

goal within stipulated time period as well as according to desired quality.

15) Accepting and appreciating help offered by others

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

26 10.4 10.4 10.4

46 18.4 18.4 28.8

107 42.8 42.8 71.6

71 28.4 28.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of 42.8 percent employees have responded

that they accept the help offered by others at their workplace and appreciate the same.

The reasons of offering and accepting help appreciating are (1) In modern business

management it has become mandatory for all to work as team and support each other

whenever needed. (2) In maximum business processes the performance of one person

depends upon other, so it is inevitable to accept the help and appreciate the provider.

16) Encouraging employees to take a fresh look at how things are done

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

53 21.2 21.2 21.2

51 20.4 20.4 41.6

75 30.0 30.0 71.6

71 28.4 28.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of 30 percent employees of the

organizations surveyed have responded that they are being encouraged to take a fresh

look at how the things have been done by them. The reasons of adopting this practice are

(1) To maintain standard of the quality of product or services as desired by the customers

(2) To ensure minimum rejections and re-work (3)To ensure customers‟ satisfaction and

less complaints (3) To retain existing business and attract new customers (4) To increase

volume of business and profitability.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

59 23.6 23.6 23.6

50 20.0 20.0 43.6

79 31.6 31.6 75.2

62 24.8 24.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

17) Free discussion and communication between seniors and

subordinates

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of 31.6 percent employees of all

organizations have responded that they have free discussion and communication with

their seniors and subordinates because they understand the value of free and frank

communication with each other (1) It helps in knowing the root causes of problems

existing at their workplaces and find appropriate solution. (2) It helps in maintaining

harmonious relations between employees at their workplace. (3) It helps in keeping

everyone happy, healthy and prosperous (4) it helps in enhancing employee‟s efficiency,

performance and productivity.

18) Facing challenges inherent in the work situation

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

45 18.0 18.0 18.0

58 23.2 23.2 41.2

82 32.8 32.8 74.0

65 26.0 26.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of 32.8 percent employees of total

respondents have agreed that they have culture of facing and solving inherent problems

arising suddenly and unexpectedly during their work performance process because at

attitude has developed amongst the maximum employees that facing and solving of

problems is the only way to survive in their profession instead of escaping from those.

Secondly the organizations are providing necessary training time to time to their

employees in order to make them capable.

19) Confiding in seniors without fear and they will misuse the trust.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

31 12.4 12.4 12.4

62 24.8 24.8 37.2

89 35.6 35.6 72.8

68 27.2 27.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of 35.6 percent employees of total

organizations surveyed have trust in their seniors and they confide in them without any

fear. They believe in their seniors because they are supported by their seniors in crucial

circumstances, the seniors own the responsibilities and accept credit as a team leader in

case of success and take discredit also on their shoulders when there are failures, but they

do not leave their juniors in a fix, so the juniors are confiding in their seniors without fear

of misusing their trust.

20) Owning up to mistakes

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

47 18.8 18.8 18.8

67 26.8 26.8 45.6

73 29.2 29.2 74.8

63 25.2 25.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

The respondents have ra

total strength of responde

Value with 26.8 percent,

18.8 percent. The reason

come from different org

organizations people are

and disloyalty in the cul

showing themselves that th

rated on the statement as Fairly High Value with

ents. However, respondents have also responde

nt, Very High Value with 25.2 percent and Very

of such difference of opinion amongst the respo

ganizations where organizational culture is dif

always honest and truthful and at some places d

lture people do not own their mistakes and a

s that they are always right and never commit any mist

with 29.2 percent of

ed as Rather Low

Low Value with

spondents that they

different. In some

due to dishonesty

always tell lie for

stake.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

25 10.0 10.0 10.0

40 16.0 16.0 26.0

100 40.0 40.0 66.0

85 34.0 34.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

21) Considering both positive and negative aspects before taking

actions.

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of basis of survey and responses of 40

percent employees of various organizations of different industries that in their

organizational culture before taking action all positive and negative aspects are

considered because the decision makes believe in principle of natural justice as well as

one must be rewarded judiciously with a fruit of his/ her performance, commitment,

devotion, dedication and loyalty and to create win – win situation for all.

22) Obeying and checking with seniors rather than acting on your own.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

34 13.6 13.6 13.6

58 23.2 23.2 36.8

85 34.0 34.0 70.8

73 29.2 29.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0


percent employees of various organizations of different industries that they obey their

seniors and check with them first than taking any action at their own. This is followed in

order to keep everyone in loop as well as maintain team spirit and be sure about the

correctness of work done by them.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

25 10.0 10.0 10.0

42 16.8 16.8 26.8

95 38.0 38.0 64.8

88 35.2 35.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

23) Performing immediate tasks rather than being concerned about

large organization goals.


percent employees of various organizations of different industries that they concentrate

on the tasks assigned to them at individual group level rather than considering large goal

at organizational level because they know that the tasks assigned to them are the part of

organizational goal and accomplishment of those tasks is the only way to achieve large

goal of the organization.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Rather low

value

Fairly high

value

Very high

value

Total

21 8.4 8.4 8.4

43 17.2 17.2 25.6

106 42.4 42.4 68.0

80 32.0 32.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

24) Making genuine attempts to change behaviour on the basis of

feedback.

Fairly High Value has been rated on the basis of survey and responses of 42.4 percent

employees of various organizations of different industries, the people have agreed that

they attempt to bring necessary improvement in their behaviour at workplace whenever

they are made aware of their weaknesses. This attitudinal change could be possible to

bring to the employees due to regular training programmes/ workshops on workplace

behaviour organised time to time for cultural development.

25) Effective managers put a lid on their feelings

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid Few or none has this

belief

Some share this belief

Fairly widely shared

belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

33 13.2 13.2 13.2

43 17.2 17.2 30.4

97 38.8 38.8 69.2

77 30.8 30.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

On the basis of survey and responses of 38.8 percent employees of various organizations

of different industries, it is Fairly and Widely Shared Belief that it is very difficult to

understand the emotions of people working on managerial postions, because they usually

hide their emotions at workplace. The managers have to do it, otherwise they woul lose

their effectiveness of control over their subordinates.

26) Pass the buck tactfully when ever there is a problem

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

52 20.8 20.8 20.8

78 31.2 31.2 52.0

77 30.8 30.8 82.8

43 17.2 17.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

On the basis of survey and responses received from 31.2 percent employees of various

organizations of different industries that some people share this belief that the people

pass the buck on others whenever any problem exists and at the same time it is also Fairly

and Widely Shared Belief of 30.8 percent people. The people feel so because the tactful

people do not own responsibility of any failure or difficult task but they will be ahead for

sharing credit of success.

27) Trust begets trust

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

34 13.6 13.6 13.6

49 19.6 19.6 33.2

90 36.0 36.0 69.2

77 30.8 30.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

If you believe others, th

with Fairly Widely Shar

workplaces. 30.8 percent

they will believe you, the 36 percent employees

red Belief regarding mutual trust amongst emp

employees have this belief at Very Widely Shar

s have responded

mployees at their

red Value.

28) Telling a polite lie is preferable to telling the unpleasant truth

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

77 30.8 30.8 30.8

71 28.4 28.4 59.2

61 24.4 24.4 83.6

41 16.4 16.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Few people or none has

unpleasant truth, expressed

say that only some peopl

Belief and 16.4 percent

working in various industries.

every one, so maximum people

this belief that it is better to tell a lie politely th

ssed this opinion by 30.8 percent of total responde

le have this belief, 24.4 percent say it as a Fairl

people say it as Very Widely Shared Belief amongst

tries. In today‟s business scenario transparency

um people are found straight forward.

y than speaking any

ents, 28.4 percent

ly Widely Shared

mongst the people

is expected from

29) Prevention is better than cure

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

67 26.8 26.8 26.8

42 16.8 16.8 43.6

60 24.0 24.0 67.6

81 32.4 32.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Prevention is better than cure although this is very widely shared belief as per responses

received from 32.4 percent employees of different organizations of various industries

surveyed by the scholar yet 26.8 percent employees of same organizations feel that none

has this belief. The reason behind this difference of opinion has been observed because of

compromising attitude adopted by the employees at supervisory level who are

responsible for implementation of instructions.

30) Freedom to employees breeds indiscipline

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

47 18.8 18.8 18.8

71 28.4 28.4 47.2

74 29.6 29.6 76.8

58 23.2 23.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Freedom to employees at their workplace breeds indiscipline is the fairly widely shared

belief of 29.6 percent people of various organizations working in different industries,

28.4 percent people feel that this belief is shared by some people, 23.2 percent agree it as

a very widely shared belief and 18.8 percent say that none has such belief. It has been

observed that due to lack of supervision only indiscipline crops up otherwise freedom of

at workplace to worker does not bred indiscipline.

31) Usually, emphasis on team work dilutes individual accountability

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

53 21.2 21.2 21.2

75 30.0 30.0 51.2

80 32.0 32.0 83.2

42 16.8 16.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

32 percent employees of different industries working with various organizations accept

that it is fairly widely shared belief that usually emphasis of team work dilutes individual

accountability, 30 percent say that only some people have this belief, 21.2 percent say

that none has this belief and 16 percent say that it is very widely shared belief. The reason

of such difference of opinion is the experience of people responded, but the equal

accountability of each member of team dilutes due to poor or biased leadership.

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Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

53 21.2 21.2 21.2

42 16.8 16.8 38.0

77 30.8 30.8 68.8

78 31.2 31.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

The maximum strength of respondents 31.2 percent say that it is very widely shared

belief that thinking out and doing new things is organization‟s vitality. This opinion has

come out on the basis of practical experience of people.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

43 17.2 17.2 17.2

48 19.2 19.2 36.4

95 38.0 38.0 74.4

64 25.6 25.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

33) Free and frank communication between various levels helps in solving

problems

It is fairly widely shared belief as per maximum responses received from 38 percent of

employees working with various organizations of different industries that a

communication without barriers between all levels of employees is always helpful to

solve any problem because it only due to communication failure when any failure takes

place. No failure will take place if the proper and timely communication is ensured.

34) Surfacing problems is not enough; we should find the solutions

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

46 18.4 18.4 18.4

44 17.6 17.6 36.0

61 24.4 24.4 60.4

99 39.6 39.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

The maximum employees of various industries are agreeing that it is not enough to detect

the problems, we must find the solutions too, if we want to succeed. In the result of this

survey with the responses of 39.6 percent employees it is a very widely shared belief.

This attitude has gradually getting developed amongst the people of various organizations

that the manager alone cannot give solution of every problem arising at work place,

hence it is inevitable to find the solution of problems by every individual.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

33 13.2 13.2 13.2

76 30.4 30.4 43.6

86 34.4 34.4 78.0

55 22.0 22.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

35) When the chips are down you have to fend for yourself (people cannot rely

on others in times of crisis)

34.4 percent employees of various organizations in different industries have accepted it

as Fairly widely shared belief that at the time of crisis people do not believe each other,

30.4 percent say that it is a belief shared by some people, 22 percent say that it is very

widely shared belief and 13.2 percent say that none has this belief. At the time of crisis

due to shortage of resources people lose mutual trust

36) People generally are what they appear to be

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

50 20.0 20.0 20.0

75 30.0 30.0 50.0

81 32.4 32.4 82.4

44 17.6 17.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

In the industries it is fairly widely shared belief with response of 32.4 percent employees

that people generally are what they appear to be, 30 percent have responded that some

people only share this belief, 20 percent say that none has this belief and 17.6 percent

accept as very widely shared belief. Usually it is true that people are what they appear to

be but in certain circumstances people pretend to be different from their originality which

may due to selfishness, malicious motive or professional need.

37) A stitch in time saves nine

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

52 20.8 20.8 20.8

31 12.4 12.4 33.2

77 30.8 30.8 64.0

90 36.0 36.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Maximum people working

very widely shared belie

and desired results, 30.8 p

belief completely and 12.4

belief. It is globally prove

result.

king in industries (36 percent out of total strength) f

ief that any action taken at appropriate time alw

percent feel as fairly widely shared belief, 20.8

2.4 percent people are agree that only some p

ed fact that any work done on right time will alw

ngth) feel that it is a

lways gives correct

percent deny this

people share this

lways give desired

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

51 20.4 20.4 20.4

67 26.8 26.8 47.2

82 32.8 32.8 80.0

50 20.0 20.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

38) A good way to motivate employees is to give them autonomy to plan their

work

32.8 percent of employees say that it is fairly widely shared belief that a good way to

motivate employee is to give them autonomy of planning and execution at workplace. By

giving autonomy it is possible to get better results, but these are also probabilities that

people may become lose discipline due to lack of supervision and guidance and result

may get deteriorated, hence autonomy can be given but under proper supervision.

39)39)39)39) EEEEmmmmpppployloyloyloyeeeeeeeessss‟‟‟‟ iiiinnnnvolvevolvevolvevolvememememennnntttt inininin ddddeeeevvvveeeelolololoppppiiiinnnngggg anananan oooorrrrgagagagannnnizaizaizaizattttioioioionnnn‟‟‟‟ssss mmmmisisisisssssionionionion aaaannnndddd goalsgoalsgoalsgoals

contributes to productivity

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

47 18.8 18.8 18.8

49 19.6 19.6 38.4

79 31.6 31.6 70.0

75 30.0 30.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

31.6 percent employees say it as Fairly widely shared belief and 30 percent say very

widely shared belief that involvement of employees in developing Organization‟s mission

and goals contributes to better productivity. It is correct because it is employee who has

achieve the goal so it would be helpful that the mission, vision, target and strategy is

already clear to them, so they wouldn‟t need spend time, energy and cost on clarification

from their leaders again and again.

40)40)40)40) InInInIn todaytodaytodaytoday‟‟‟‟ssss ccccoooommmmppppeeeetitititittttiiiiveveveve sitsitsitsituuuuaaaattttioioioionnnns,s,s,s, consoconsoconsoconsolllliiiiddddaaaattttionionionion aaaannnndddd stastastastabbbbiiiillllityityityity aaaarrrreeee mmmmoooorrrreeee

important than experimentation

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


belief



belief

Very widely shared

belief

Total

53 21.2 21.2 21.2

32 12.8 12.8 34.0

97 38.8 38.8 72.8

68 27.2 27.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

38.8 percent employees of industries accept it as Fairly widely shared belief that in

today‟s competitive situations consolidation and stability is more important than

experimentation. Consolidation and stability save time energy and cost and these are

wasted in experimentation so in this tough competition one must concentrate on

consolidation, stability rather than experimentation.

WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT AT WORK PLACE

1. There are proper seating arrangements at your work place.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid Strongly Disagree

Disagree

Neither Disagree nor

agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

31 12.4 12.4 12.4

18 7.2 7.2 19.6

21 8.4 8.4 28.0

54 21.6 21.6 49.6

126 50.4 50.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

50 percent employees working with different organizations of various industries have

strongly agreed that they have been provided proper seating facilities at their workplace,

21.6 percent responded as agreed but 12.4 percent are strongly Disagree. The employer

and managers are well aware of the good and bad impact of workers‟ comfort and

discomfort respectively, so they try to keep them comfortable. But at some organizations

facilities are not provided due to financial problems, shortage of space.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

38 15.2 15.2 15.2

15 6.0 6.0 21.2

20 8.0 8.0 29.2

62 24.8 24.8 54.0

115 46.0 46.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

2. There is sufficient lighting, cleanliness, proper temperature and ventilation

at your work place.

46 percent employees working with different organizations of various industries have

strongly agreed to have cleanliness, lighting and adequate temperature s at their

workplace, 24.8 percent responded as agreed, 15.2 percent are strongly Disagree. The

employer and managers are well aware of the good and bad impacts of such working

conditions, so they try to provide them adequate lighting, temperature and cleanliness.

3.You face noise pollution at work place

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

76 30.4 30.4 30.4

68 27.2 27.2 57.6

28 11.2 11.2 68.8

30 12.0 12.0 80.8

48 19.2 19.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

The 30.4 percent of employees surveyed have strongly Disagreed, 27.2 percent Disagreed

of facing noise pollution, but 19.2 percent strongly agreed of facing the same. Almost all

the organizations are well aware of adverse impacts of noise pollution and its preventive

measures, so in order to prevent decrease in workers efficiency and productivity

maximum organizations take preventive measures. There are some organizations which

do not pay attention on such issues and avoid spending money.

4.Your work place is hazardous to your health

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

109 43.6 43.6 43.6

31 12.4 12.4 56.0

24 9.6 9.6 65.6

42 16.8 16.8 82.4

44 17.6 17.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

A large part of employees‟ strength working in industries has strongly Disagreed with

43.6 percent of total strength to have hazardous working conditions. Now days the

government has made laws against hazardous working conditions to ensure healthy

working conditions of industrial workers, so it is mandatory for every employer to abide

by the laws against hazardous working conditions and maximum employers are

complying with the statutory norms.

5. Proper measures have been taken at your work place related to your safety.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

40 16.0 16.0 16.0

25 10.0 10.0 26.0

30 12.0 12.0 38.0

63 25.2 25.2 63.2

92 36.8 36.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

36.8 percent employees have strongly agreed, 25.2 percent agreed that their employers

have taken provided adequate support to ensure workers safety at their work places.

There are statutory guidelines framed by the government for every employer to ensure

safety of industrial workers at their workplaces. The employers are also following

maximum safety norms as well as create awareness through training of workers to ensure

their safety. 16 percent workers strongly Disagreed where the employer and workers both

are observed negligent about safety measures.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

48 19.2 19.2 19.2

38 15.2 15.2 34.4

32 12.8 12.8 47.2

66 26.4 26.4 73.6

66 26.4 26.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

6. You have to spend a long time in commuting from your residence to work

place daily.

26.4 percent of total workers surveyed have strongly agreed and 26.4 percent agreed to

have been spending a long time on commuting from residence to workplace, 19.2 percent

strongly Disagreed and 15.2 percent Disagreed for the same. Maximum industrial

workers are facing problem of getting accommodation near to workplace due to several

reasons, so they have to spend a big amount of time on commuting, but some

organizations provide accommodation within their own campus, there such problem is

not faced.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

42 16.8 16.8 16.8

33 13.2 13.2 30.0

32 12.8 12.8 42.8

73 29.2 29.2 72.0

70 28.0 28.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

7. You have been provided at your work place with the adequate tools and

equipments with latest technology essential for the work assigned to you.

29.2 percent industrial workers have agreed and 28 percent strongly agreed to have been

provided adequate tools and equipments with latest technology to perform their duties at

their workplaces, opposite to that 16.8 percent have strongly Disagreed, 13.2 percent

Disagreed for the same. The prevailing competition in business and technological

advancement has emphasized the employers to equip their workers with above said

strength otherwise survival in the market will become difficult.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

49 19.6 19.6 19.6

31 12.4 12.4 32.0

35 14.0 14.0 46.0

65 26.0 26.0 72.0

70 28.0 28.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

8. You have been provided proper training of using the tools and equipment

used in your routine work.

28 percent employees of various industries have strongly agreed, 26 percent agreed to

have been provided training for the use of tools and equipment used at their workplaces.

The training of workers has become the part of organizational culture today without

which no organization can compete the market and stay in their business, hence all

employer provide the adequate training to their workers. Of course 19.6 percent people

have strongly Disagreed with it, because of poor financial position.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

42 16.8 16.8 16.8

30 12.0 12.0 28.8

27 10.8 10.8 39.6

55 22.0 22.0 61.6

96 38.4 38.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

9. You are given work load according to your capacity, neither overloaded nor

under loaded.

38.4 percent people have strongly agreed and 22 percent have agreed that they have been

given work load according to their capacities. However, 16.8 percent strongly disagree

and 12 percent disagree. This is all because of the prevailing culture at workplace in

different organizations. The managers, who understands and with scientific approach

never compel the employee to take work load more than their capacity but in some

organizations where professionalism does not exist there the people are given work more

than their capacity.

10. Working hours at your work place are usually normal except emergency.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

26 10.4 10.4 10.4

14 5.6 5.6 16.0

13 5.2 5.2 21.2

51 20.4 20.4 41.6

146 58.4 58.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

58.4 percent of total employees surveyed have strongly agreed that they have normal

working hours except emergency. In today‟s business scenario every businessman is very

much calculative and calculate about cost of man, material, machinery, water and

electricity etc. spent during extra working hours of workers as well as statutory norms

related to over time, keeping in view all above factors every employer today wants that

every task must be finished within normal working hour except emergency.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

28 11.2 11.2 11.2

40 16.0 16.0 27.2

38 15.2 15.2 42.4

31 12.4 12.4 54.8

113 45.2 45.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

11. There is two types of duty system i.e. shift duties and straight day duty in

your organization.

45.2 percent of total employees surveyed have responded to strongly agree that that they

have straight duty system and shifts of duty system. The organizations of manufacturing,

healthcare and logistics industry are having shift duties because of their nature of

business.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

31 12.4 12.4 12.4

16 6.4 6.4 18.8

21 8.4 8.4 27.2

36 14.4 14.4 41.6

146 58.4 58.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

12. Location of your work place and all other departments i.e. Stores &

Purchase, Accounts, HR and other authorities is nearby in your organization.

58.4 percent of total workers have responded to strongly agree that locations of all

concerned departments are within vicinity. It is part of planning before establishing any

business unit because keeping all concerned departments in vicinity saves time, energy,

manpower and cost.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

47 18.8 18.8 18.8

21 8.4 8.4 27.2

22 8.8 8.8 36.0

74 29.6 29.6 65.6

86 34.4 34.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

13.You have been provided adequate devices with latest technology for communication to interact with other concerned departments as well as knowledge of using the devices is also provided to all the concerned people?

34.4 percent employees of industries have responded as strongly agree, 29.6 percent

agree that they have been provided communication devices with latest technology at their

workplaces to interact with each other. The communication is life line of any

organization, so it is inevitable to have these devices. Although 18.8 percent people have

strongly Disagreed with above facility yet that is under development.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

47 18.8 18.8 18.8

33 13.2 13.2 32.0

23 9.2 9.2 41.2

80 32.0 32.0 73.2

67 26.8 26.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

14. Principle of right man at right place with proper hierarchy of authorities is being maintained during routine working system as per organizational structure.

At the time of recruitment it is ensured that right man must be placed at right place and

hierarchical order of authorities must be followed in working system in the organization.

It has been found that 32 percent people have agreed and 26.8 percent strongly agreed

with above statement. In order to ensure quality production, manpower retention, reduce

rejections and rework it is necessary to follow it.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

49 19.6 19.6 19.6

18 7.2 7.2 26.8

25 10.0 10.0 36.8

69 27.6 27.6 64.4

89 35.6 35.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

15. You have been informed about service rules, policies and procedures and you feel comfortable with these.

The 35.6 percent employees of various organizations have strongly agreed, 27.6 percent

agreed with the fact that they have been made aware of organizational policies, rules and

procedures of routine working as well entitlement of employees. In order to implement

proper professionalism and systematic working it is mandatory for every organization to

make the employees acquainted with their all rules.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

52 20.8 20.8 20.8

30 12.0 12.0 32.8

37 14.8 14.8 47.6

63 25.2 25.2 72.8

68 27.2 27.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

16.You get all required resources e.g. manpower, raw material, money and machineries as and when needed

The 27.2 percent employees of various organizations have strongly agreed, 25.2 percent

agreed with the fact that they get all the raw material and other resources in time for

performing their duty at workplace. Delay in providing resources or not providing

resources will lead to loss of production or poor services, customers‟ dissatisfaction

consequently loss of business and profitability.

17. There are multiple authorities involved in decision making process

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

37 14.8 14.8 14.8

30 12.0 12.0 26.8

35 14.0 14.0 40.8

71 28.4 28.4 69.2

77 30.8 30.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Multiple authorities have to be involved in the decision making processes of the

organization during routine working as mentioned in the above chart 30.8 percent

employees have strongly agreed and 28.4 percent agreed with fact of implementation of

above statement. This kinds of systems are adopted to avoid mistakes and have opinions

of all experts so that the decisions should not be proved as wrong.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

23 9.2 9.2 9.2

25 10.0 10.0 19.2

48 19.2 19.2 38.4

83 33.2 33.2 71.6

71 28.4 28.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

18. There are harmonious relations between all H.O.Ds. / Directors of the

organization.

33.2 percent employees of various organizations have agreed, 28.4 percent strongly

agreed with the fact of having harmonious relations between all H.O.Ds and Directors.

The harmonious relationship helps in maintaining industrial peace, better productivity,

happiness and healthy work environment which helps in manpower retention and quality

of production in time.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

32 12.8 12.8 12.8

33 13.2 13.2 26.0

26 10.4 10.4 36.4

58 23.2 23.2 59.6

101 40.4 40.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

19. The top management remains in touch directly with the employees at work

place.

40.4 Percent employees of various organizations strongly agreed and 23.4 percent agreed

with the fact that the top management remains directly in touch with workers at their

workplace. This is good for development of organizational culture and work

environment. It keeps the people motivated and disciplined.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

30 12.0 12.0 12.0

27 10.8 10.8 22.8

40 16.0 16.0 38.8

65 26.0 26.0 64.8

88 35.2 35.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

20. The behaviour and attitude of supervisor or immediate boss with

subordinates is always supportive and favourable at work place.

In different industries and organizations 35.2 percent employees have strongly agreed and

26 percent agreed that the behavior and attitude of supervisors or immediate bosses with

subordinates is always supportive and favorable at workplace. This helps is maintaining

industrial peace and higher productivity and profitability.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

25 10.0 10.0 10.0

47 18.8 18.8 28.8

42 16.8 16.8 45.6

62 24.8 24.8 70.4

74 29.6 29.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

21. The top management and employees have full trust in each other and their

mutual behaviour and attitude of towards each other is always positive.

As shown in the above chart that 29.6 percent are strongly agree and 24.8 percent agree

with the statement that mutual trust between employees and management full and their

mutual behavior and attitude are also positive. This is required to maintain good relations,

keep people motivated.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

31 12.4 12.4 12.4

22 8.8 8.8 21.2

45 18.0 18.0 39.2

84 33.6 33.6 72.8

68 27.2 27.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

22. The people holding leading positions in the organization are capable

enough and their role is always positive.

33.6 percent people have responded to have agreed and 27.2 percent strongly agreed with

the statement that people holding key positions are capable enough to discharge their

duties as per positions held by them. It is necessary to place the capable people on key

positions to keep control.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

58 23.2 23.2 23.2

36 14.4 14.4 37.6

26 10.4 10.4 48.0

54 21.6 21.6 69.6

76 30.4 30.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

23. Adequate pay and compensation as well as timely payment of dues to

employees is ensured by the management

30.4 percent people are strongly agree and 23.2 percent are strongly Disagree with the

statement that they are being paid adequate salary as per their work performance and on

time. Disparities in compensation of employees create disputes and spoil industrial peace

leading to low productivity and profitability.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

51 20.4 20.4 20.4

32 12.8 12.8 33.2

29 11.6 11.6 44.8

66 26.4 26.4 71.2

72 28.8 28.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

24. There is equal behaviour of leaders with all team members irrespective of

their level, gender, caste, region and religion.

There is equal behavior of leaders with all subordinate employees irrespective of their

level, caste, religion, region and gender strongly agreed by 28.8 percent, agreed by 26.4

percent. The biasness of behavior of any leader spoils harmony of mutual relations at

work place, causing low productivity.

25. All the employees are respectful and supportive to their colleagues.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

38 15.2 15.2 15.2

29 11.6 11.6 26.8

31 12.4 12.4 39.2

63 25.2 25.2 64.4

89 35.6 35.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

All the employees are respectful and supportive to each other at their work place strongly

agreed by 35.6 percent and agreed by 25.2 percent. Respect to each other at work place

keeps people highly motivated and high morale consequently high performance and

production.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

20 8.0 8.0 8.0

10 4.0 4.0 12.0

17 6.8 6.8 18.8

33 13.2 13.2 32.0

170 68.0 68.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

IMPACT OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORK ENVIRONMENT

1. Proper seating arrangements increase the efficiency and work output but

improper seating arrangements decrease the same.

68 percent employees have strongly agreed with the statement as shown in the above

chart. Proper seating arrangements keep a person physically and mentally comfortable

and one applies his full efforts and concentration of work which results into high

performance and productivity but opposite to that poor seating arrangements will make a

person uncomfortable and less concentrated to work.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

22 8.8 8.8 8.8

9 3.6 3.6 12.4

14 5.6 5.6 18.0

37 14.8 14.8 32.8

168 67.2 67.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

2. Sufficiency of these facilities at your work place increase the efficiency and

work output but insufficiency of these facilities decreases the same.

Sufficient lighting, air and adequate temperature at work place will help in increasing

efficiency of people at work place but insufficiency and inadequacy will decrease

efficiency and productivity of people at their workplace. It has been strongly agreed by

67.2 percent people working in the industries. Inadequacy of above facilities affects

adversely on the physical and mental health of a person.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

19 7.6 7.6 7.6

16 6.4 6.4 14.0

15 6.0 6.0 20.0

41 16.4 16.4 36.4

159 63.6 63.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

3. Noise pollution decreases the efficiency and work output but when there is

no noise pollution efficiency and work output increase.

Strongly agreed by the 63.6 percent people working in the industries that noise pollution

decrease the efficiency and work performance of employees at their work places. Noise

pollution causes irritation, distract concentration and cause mental imbalance to the

people working in noise polluted environment

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

25 10.0 10.0 10.0

11 4.4 4.4 14.4

19 7.6 7.6 22.0

30 12.0 12.0 34.0

165 66.0 66.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

4. Hazardous working conditions affect adversely on health and performance

of employees at work place.

66 percent employees have strongly agreed with the statement that hazardous working

conditions affect adversely on health and performance of employees at work place. Yes,

it is true that hazardous working conditions cause ill health to the workers which directly

impacts on the work performance of an employee.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

10 4.0 4.0 4.0

14 5.6 5.6 9.6

18 7.2 7.2 16.8

38 15.2 15.2 32.0

170 68.0 68.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

5. Appropriate safety measures keep you anxiety free and your work efficiency

and performance increase but improper measures affect adversely.

It is true that appropriate safety measures at work place keep the workers free from

worries and improve efficiency and performance but improper measures keep a man

worried and reduce efficiency and performance at work place. The 68 percent people

working in industries have strongly agreed with this statement. In unsafe working

conditions worker wouldn‟t be able to concentrate on his work properly consequently his

efficiency will go down and low performance.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

53 21.2 21.2 21.2

28 11.2 11.2 32.4

26 10.4 10.4 42.8

52 20.8 20.8 63.6

91 36.4 36.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

6. Long time spent on commuting affects adversely the work efficiency and

performance.

36.4 percent people have strongly agreed and 20.8 percent agreed with the statement that

long hours of commuting affect adversely on employee efficiency and performance, but

21.2 percent have strongly Disagreed. The long hours of journey cause physical and

mental exhaustion which obviously gives negative impact on employee‟s performance at

work place.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

27 10.8 10.8 10.8

16 6.4 6.4 17.2

19 7.6 7.6 24.8

37 14.8 14.8 39.6

151 60.4 60.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

7. Availability of adequate tools and technology at work place enhances

efficiency and performance.

60.4 percent people working in industries have strongly agreed that availability of tools

and technology at work place enhance the efficiency and work performance of

employees. It requires less energy and time of an employee to any task, if he is provided

with appropriate tool, technology and equipments.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

19 7.6 7.6 7.6

18 7.2 7.2 14.8

14 5.6 5.6 20.4

41 16.4 16.4 36.8

158 63.2 63.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

8. Proper training about use of equipment and technology helps in increasing

work efficiency and performance but without training performance is poor.

It has been strongly agreed by 63.2 percent people working in industries that properly

trained workers will use the equipments effectively consequently his/her efficiency and

performance will be increased but untrained person cannot use the tools properly so his

performance will be down. Training makes a man perfect. It saves his energy and time

and saved energy and time can be utilized to produce more.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

7 2.8 2.8 2.8

17 6.8 6.8 9.6

9 3.6 3.6 13.2

56 22.4 22.4 35.6

161 64.4 64.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

9. Your work efficiency and output is more when the work load is according to

your capacity, but in case of over load or under load work efficiency and

performance is poor.

64.4 percent people working in industries have strongly agreed that employee‟s work

output and efficiency will be increased if one is given work according to his/her capacity

but the workload more or less than individual‟s capacity will lead to low efficiency and

productivity.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

20 8.0 8.0 8.0

17 6.8 6.8 14.8

11 4.4 4.4 19.2

61 24.4 24.4 43.6

141 56.4 56.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

10. In normal working hours the work efficiency and output remains high but

in long work hours it decreases.

It has been strongly agreed by 56.4 percent of industrial workers that in normal working

hours the efficiency and performance will be higher but long working hours reduce the

same due to mental and physical exhaustion.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

12 4.8 4.8 4.8

19 7.6 7.6 12.4

34 13.6 13.6 26.0

59 23.6 23.6 49.6

126 50.4 50.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

11. Employees feel comfortable and their work efficiency and performance

remains comparatively higher in straight day duty than the shift duty.

Maximum 50.4 percent respondents out of total industrial workers have strongly agreed

that employees feel comfortable and their performance is observed high during the

straight day duty in comparison with night shift duty. It is natural phenomena that during

the day a person feels more energetic rather than night time.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

24 9.6 9.6 9.6

18 7.2 7.2 16.8

15 6.0 6.0 22.8

34 13.6 13.6 36.4

159 63.6 63.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

12. Time and energy of employees is wasted, work efficiency and performance

is adversely affected due to distance between locations of these departments

and work site.

63.6 percent employees working in the industries have strongly agreed with the statement

that time and energy of employees is wasted, work efficiency and performance is

adversely affected due to distance between locations of these departments and work site.

The long distance between one the departments consumes time, human energy and

sometimes incur cost too.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

40 16.0 16.0 16.0

11 4.4 4.4 20.4

17 6.8 6.8 27.2

34 13.6 13.6 40.8

148 59.2 59.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

13. Communication devices and technology as well as training of their use

provided to employees enhance their performance.

It has been accepted and strongly agreed by the 59.2 percent workers that communication

devices and technology as well as training of their use provided to employees enhance

their performance. If the people are trained about the use of technological devices, they

will work more in less time, so the time saved can be utilized for extra production/

services and whatever extra is done will amount to enhanced performance.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

43 17.2 17.2 17.2

17 6.8 6.8 24.0

11 4.4 4.4 28.4

47 18.8 18.8 47.2

132 52.8 52.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

14. Selection of manpower by matching their capabilities with the work

requirements and maintenance of proper hierarchical order keeps the

performance high.

Yes, it has been strongly agreed by the 52.8 percent and agreed by 18.8 percent industrial

workers that the selection of manpower by matching their capabilities with the work

requirements and maintenance of proper hierarchical order keeps the performance high.

The principle of right man at right place provides experts of particular work who always

perform better in quality as well as quantity.

15. Proper knowledge of organizational rules and procedures, their suitability

totototo eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss kekekekeeeeeppppssss eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss‟‟‟‟ pepepeperrrrffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaancncncnceeee hhhhigigigighhhh....

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

44 17.6 17.6 17.6

18 7.2 7.2 24.8

12 4.8 4.8 29.6

48 19.2 19.2 48.8

128 51.2 51.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Proper knowledge of organizational rules and procedures, their suitability to employees

keeps employees‟ performance high. The 51.2 percent people working in industries have

strongly agreed and 19.2 percent agreed with the given statement. Person with proper

knowledge will work fearlessly and no rework will have to be done. Knowledge of who‟s

who in what matter is also helpful in getting the work done efficiently and effectively.

Hence, the performance of employee will be high.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

37 14.8 14.8 14.8

14 5.6 5.6 20.4

20 8.0 8.0 28.4

43 17.2 17.2 45.6

136 54.4 54.4 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

16. Availability of resources at the time of requirement keeps the work efficiency and performance high.

54.4 percent people have strongly agreed with the statement that availability of resources

at the time of requirement keeps the work efficiency and performance high. Again if all

the resources are available for use at the time of requirement, so no time is wasted, no

disturbance of mind set consequently productivity will be more.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

23 9.2 9.2 9.2

35 14.0 14.0 23.2

46 18.4 18.4 41.6

56 22.4 22.4 64.0

90 36.0 36.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

17. Multiplicity of authorities involved in decision making process causes delay in decisions and decreases work efficiency and performance.

The 36 percent people working in different organizations have strongly agreed, 22.4

percent agreed with the opinion that multiplicity of authorities involved in decision

making process causes delay in decisions and decreases work efficiency and

performance. Many times due to non availability of one authority the important decisions

remain pending and several task related to that decision get delayed and delay in any

work makes the performance of employees poor.

18. Harmonious relations between key persons keeeeepppp eeeemmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss‟‟‟‟ ppppeeeerrrrffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaannnncccceeee

high.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

17 6.8 6.8 6.8

16 6.4 6.4 13.2

39 15.6 15.6 28.8

44 17.6 17.6 46.4

134 53.6 53.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

53.6 percent industrial workers of various organizations have strongly agreed, 17.6

percent agreed that the harmonious relations between key persons keep employees‟

performance high. Good relations between key persons usually help in removing

obstacles of work and bad relations always become cause of obstruction for work. In

disharmonious relations one authority does not support another rather creates obstacles.

19. TopTopTopTop mmmmaaaannnnagagagageeeemmmmeeeennnntttt‟‟‟‟ssss rrrreeeegggguuuularlarlarlar susususupppperererervisvisvisvisiiiionononon afafafafffffecececectstststs tttthhhheeee wwwwoooorrrrkkkk efficiency and

performance of employees positively.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

33 13.2 13.2 13.2

16 6.4 6.4 19.6

17 6.8 6.8 26.4

54 21.6 21.6 48.0

130 52.0 52.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

Top management‟s regular supervision affects the work efficiency and performance of

employees positively. 52 percent workers have strongly agreed, 21.6 percent agreed with

the said statement. It has been observed that whenever any member of management

available at work place the workers are found more concentrated, efficient and cautious

about quality as well as more disciplined, it is true that frequent supervision of

management is helpful in enhancing workers efficiency and performance.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

29 11.6 11.6 11.6

22 8.8 8.8 20.4

23 9.2 9.2 29.6

32 12.8 12.8 42.4

144 57.6 57.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

20. Supportive behaviour and positive attitude of superiors with subordinates

encourage the employees and their output is high.

57.6 percent respondents have strongly agreed, 12.8 percent agreed with the statement

that supportive behaviour and positive attitude of superiors with subordinates encourage

the employees and their output is high. Due to supportive behavior of superior the

subordinate will not hesitate to ask when he is stuck and that will help him in avoiding

delay and maintaining quality as well.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

24 9.6 9.6 9.6

21 8.4 8.4 18.0

18 7.2 7.2 25.2

60 24.0 24.0 49.2

127 50.8 50.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

21. Mutual trust, supportive behaviour and positive attitude of management towards employees keep their morale and performance high.

Mutual trust, supportive behaviour and positive attitude of management towards

employees keep their morale and performance high as it has been strongly agreed by 50.8

percent and agreed by 24 percent employees working in various organizations. Mutual

trust, supportive behavior and positive attitude of management create respect, sense of

belongingness, devotion and loyalty and sincerity amongst workers.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

17 6.8 6.8 6.8

10 4.0 4.0 10.8

33 13.2 13.2 24.0

45 18.0 18.0 42.0

145 58.0 58.0 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

22. Capability and dependability of the leaders give the direction to employees and their performance is affected accordingly.

Capability and dependability of the leaders give the direction to employees and their

performance is affected accordingly. This statement has been strongly agreed by 58

percent and 13 percent agreed. If the leader is incapable very soon he will lose his control

over his subordinates consequently the performance of everyone will be adversely

affected.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

17 6.8 6.8 6.8

14 5.6 5.6 12.4

12 4.8 4.8 17.2

38 15.2 15.2 32.4

169 67.6 67.6 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

23. Inadequate salary and compensation as well as delay in payment of dues cause demotivation, low morale consequently low productivity.

67.6 percent employees have strongly agreed with the statement inadequate salary and

compensation as well as delay in payment of dues cause demotivation, low morale

consequently low productivity. The compensation is the biggest motivator and delay in

payment as well as inadequate compensation often give birth to employees‟

dissatisfaction resulting into poor performance.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

17 6.8 6.8 6.8

11 4.4 4.4 11.2

12 4.8 4.8 16.0

32 12.8 12.8 28.8

178 71.2 71.2 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

24. Discriminate behaviour of a leader affects the team spirit and performance of employees adversely.

As it has been strongly agreed by 71.2 percent people of industrial workers that biased

and discriminate behaviour of a leader affects the team spirit and performance of

employees adversely. The biased behavior of any team leader will lead to conflicts,

disharmony at work place and disturbance in work environment. People will lose their

interest from work and less output.

Frequency

Percent

Valid

Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Disagree


agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Total

28 11.2 11.2 11.2

13 5.2 5.2 16.4

17 6.8 6.8 23.2

25 10.0 10.0 33.2

167 66.8 66.8 100.0

250 100.0 100.0

25. EEEEmmmmpppployeloyeloyeloyeeeeessss‟‟‟‟ tttteeeeaaaammmm ssssppppiritiritiritirit aaaannnndddd ssssuuuuppppppppoooorrrrtttt ttttoooo eeeeaaaacccchhhh othothothotheeeerrrr atatatat wwwwoooorrrrkkkk pppplacelacelacelace rrrreeeessssuuuultltltlt

into high morale and high productivity.

Employees‟ team spirit and support to each other at work place result into high morale

and high productivity has been agreed by 66.8 percent workers of various organizations

in different industries. Team spirit keeps employees happy and fearless and fully

concentrated on their work leads to high performance.

Documents

12 Chapter 7 DATA ANALYSIS - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/41763/12/12...scores of the dependent variable is significantly different among the various industries