1.2 Genes: Answers and Questions

Page 16-28

Chromosomes

• Found in the nucleus• Thread-like structure

• Found in pairs

• DNA is made up of genes• Genes code for genetic traits

DNA

• 4 types of building blocks: C, G, A, T

• Genes control what proteins you produce

(lifestyle too)

DNA screening

PKU

• Baby blood is tested for phenylalanine, a protein.

• PKU• Down Syndrome• Huntington disease• Breast cancer• Cystic fibrosis• Spina bifida

Ethics

Big cost of drug research… can you charge a lot for needed drugs?

Transgenic GMO

• Genetically modified organisms

Cloning

• Creating identical copies of an organism

Cloning

Carrot

Cloning

• sheep

DNA mutation

Mutations

mutagens

A substance or factor that causes changes in the DNA:• U.V. light• Pollution• Radiation• Chemicals