(Microsoft PowerPoint - JST 2nd meeting in Dalian\(hama\).ppt
[\214\335\212\267\203\202\201[\203h])OOOOOOOOUTLINEUTLINEUTLINEUTLINEUTLINEUTLINEUTLINEUTLINE
OFOFOFOFOFOFOFOF THISTHISTHISTHISTHISTHISTHISTHIS
STUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDY
Permeability
Temperature Humidity
Frost damage
Simulation model for durability design
Permeability
Temperature Humidity
Frost damage
Understanding the moisture state in concrete
structures
Exposure test by model specimens
Survey of the actual structures
4
frost damage
ASTM and the deterioration of existing structures
12 November, 2010 2nd JST Meeting in Dalian, China
Wall modelWall model Slab modelSlab model
EEEEEEEEXPOSUREXPOSUREXPOSUREXPOSUREXPOSUREXPOSUREXPOSUREXPOSURE
TESTTESTTESTTESTTESTTESTTESTTEST BYBYBYBYBYBYBYBY
MODELMODELMODELMODELMODELMODELMODELMODEL
SPECIMENSSPECIMENSSPECIMENSSPECIMENSSPECIMENSSPECIMENSSPECIMENSSPECIMENS
Measurement period (2years)
SensorSensor
50 60 70 80 90 100
50 60 70 80 90 100
R e la ti v e h u m id it y i n c o n c re te
a t fr e e z in g ( % R H )
R e la ti v e h u m id it y i n c o n c re te
a t fr e e z in g ( % R H )
MMMMMMMMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUM
TEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURE
ANDANDANDANDANDANDANDAND
RELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVE
HUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITY
2mm(1
2mm 10mm 50mm
Minimum freezing temperature Minimum freezing temperature
R e la ti v e h u m id it y i n c o n c re te
a t fr e e z in g ( % R H )
R e la ti v e h u m id it y i n c o n c re te
a t fr e e z in g ( % R H )
First year
12 November, 2010 2nd JST Meeting in Dalian, China
SSSSSSSSURVEYURVEYURVEYURVEYURVEYURVEYURVEYURVEY OFOFOFOFOFOFOFOF
THETHETHETHETHETHETHETHE
ACTUALACTUALACTUALACTUALACTUALACTUALACTUALACTUAL
STRUCTURESSTRUCTURESSTRUCTURESSTRUCTURESSTRUCTURESSTRUCTURESSTRUCTURESSTRUCTURES
12 November, 2010 2nd JST Meeting in Dalian, China
WWWWWWWWINTERINTERINTERINTERINTERINTERINTERINTER
SNOWSNOWSNOWSNOWSNOWSNOWSNOWSNOW
CONDITIONSCONDITIONSCONDITIONSCONDITIONSCONDITIONSCONDITIONSCONDITIONSCONDITIONS
8
80
85
90
95
100
105
A
A sluice
R e la ti v e h u m id it y i n c o n c re te
a t fr e e z in g ( % R H )
MMMMMMMMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUMINIMUM
TEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURETEMPERATURE
ANDANDANDANDANDANDANDAND
RELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVERELATIVE
HUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITYHUMIDITY
A sluice
Slab n=105) Upper wall n=28) Lower wall n=34)
9
80
85
90
95
100
105
B
Minimum freezing temperature
Minimum freezing temperature
R e la ti v e h u m id it y i n c o n c re te
a t fr e e z in g ( % R H )
R e la ti v e h u m id it y i n c o n c re te
a t fr e e z in g ( % R H )
B sluice
Slab n=118) Upper wall n=103) Lower wall n=83)
12 November, 2010 2nd JST Meeting in Dalian, China
CyASTM-sp = C×F×s×p×Ra90
Cy ASTM-sp Equivalent cycles to ASTM cyclesyear C Coefficient of
curing conditions
F Coefficient of freezing and thawing conditions
s Condition factor of sunshine
p Factor of degradation process
EEEEEEEEQUIVALENTQUIVALENTQUIVALENTQUIVALENTQUIVALENTQUIVALENTQUIVALENTQUIVALENT
CYCLESCYCLESCYCLESCYCLESCYCLESCYCLESCYCLESCYCLES TOTOTOTOTOTOTOTO
ASTM C666 AASTM C666 AASTM C666 AASTM C666 AASTM C666 AASTM C666
AASTM C666 AASTM C666 A
Ra90∑-ts/18)β
12 November, 2010 2nd JST Meeting in Dalian, China
RRRRRRRRELATIONSHIPELATIONSHIPELATIONSHIPELATIONSHIPELATIONSHIPELATIONSHIPELATIONSHIPELATIONSHIP
BETWEENBETWEENBETWEENBETWEENBETWEENBETWEENBETWEENBETWEEN
RRRRRRRRAAAAAAAA90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 ANDANDANDANDANDANDANDAND
RDMRDMRDMRDMRDMRDMRDMRDM
(% )
B :lower wall
A :upper wall
Yearly number of equivalent cycles to ASTM Ra90
R e la ti v e d y n a m ic m o d u lu s o f e la s ti c it y
Ra90-A Number of equivalent cycles to ASTM by concrete
temperature
Ra90-EEffective number of freeze/thaw cycles Number of equivalent
cycles to ASTM over 90RH
B :slab
A :slab
40
60
80
100
Durability factor by
ASTM C666 B
RDM after 27years
D u ra b ili ty f a c to r o r R D M ( % )
AAAAAAAANNNNNNNN
EXAMPLEEXAMPLEEXAMPLEEXAMPLEEXAMPLEEXAMPLEEXAMPLEEXAMPLE
OFOFOFOFOFOFOFOF
LONGLONGLONGLONGLONGLONGLONGLONG--------TERMTERMTERMTERMTERMTERMTERMTERM
OUTDOOROUTDOOROUTDOOROUTDOOROUTDOOROUTDOOROUTDOOROUTDOOR
EXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSURE
TESTTESTTESTTESTTESTTESTTESTTEST
RESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTSRESULTS
27
S Using freestone
F Using flyash
nonAE after exposure test
exposure
D u ra b ili ty f a c to r o r R D M ( % )
12 November, 2010 2nd JST Meeting in Dalian, China
OOOOOOOOBSERVATIONBSERVATIONBSERVATIONBSERVATIONBSERVATIONBSERVATIONBSERVATIONBSERVATION
OFOFOFOFOFOFOFOF WATERWATERWATERWATERWATERWATERWATERWATER
INFILTRATIONINFILTRATIONINFILTRATIONINFILTRATIONINFILTRATIONINFILTRATIONINFILTRATIONINFILTRATION
INTOINTOINTOINTOINTOINTOINTOINTO AIRAIRAIRAIRAIRAIRAIRAIR
VOIDVOIDVOIDVOIDVOIDVOIDVOIDVOID
Air void
FFFFFFFFUTUREUTUREUTUREUTUREUTUREUTUREUTUREUTURE
STUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDYSTUDY
Permeability
Temperature Humidity
Frost damage
Simulation model for durability design
Permeability
Temperature Humidity
Frost damage
Thank you for your kind attention!
