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11Page:Page:
22Page:Page:
NAS Battery System(Sodium Sulfur Battery =NaS)
General of NAS BatteryGeneral of NAS Battery
2Na + xS Na2SxDischarging
Charging
Modules(50kW)
1MW system (10mx3mx5mH)
Sulfur(S)
Ceramictube
CellsSodium
(Na)
33Page:Page:
③
FastResponse
①High Energy
Power②
HighEnergyDensity
200MW(1,200 MWh)More than 6 hours a day rated output
Response Time:
2 milliseconds3 times energy densityof conventional battery
1/3 space footprint
Superior Function Superior Function
44Page:Page:
1.0 2.0 100 200 MW0
10min
1h
10h
Time
Output0.5
Comparison of Battery Output MW and duration
1.5
Li-Ion Battery(Handphone, PC)
Li-Ion Battery for EV
min
CapacitorFly Wheel
Large ScaleEnergy Storage
hour
Ni-H Battery (Hybrid Car)
5min
NAS
MW
Lead-acidBattery(Automobile)
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BatteryItem
Lead Acid(Current)
NAS(Base) Lithium Ion Ni-H
Continuous DischargeDuration with rated output
Expected Lifetime(at standard conditions)
Size MWh(1MWx6h)
Weight MWh(1MWx 6h)
Price MWh x15 years
Notes Self Discharge
Memory Effect
6 hours
15 years
1
1
1
No
No
2 hours
3 to 5 years
3 times
6 times
3 to 5 times
Yes
No
3 hours
10 years
2 times
2 times
8 times
Yes
No
2 hours
7 years
3 times
6 times
6 times
Yes
Yes
Comparison Table of Various BatteryComparison Table of Various BatteryComparison Table of Various Battery
Note: These data are typical values and change by the manufacturers
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Installation Record
Production Capacity:90MW/year(current)→150MW/year(2010)
Total: 302MW(215 systems)Previous main application: Load Leveling for buildings or factory
As of the end of 2008
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
設置実績 (MW)
Total 302 MW215 systems
Total 302 MW215 systems
commercialized
Inst
alle
d C
apac
ity
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Application of NAS BatteryLoad Leveling by NAS BatteryLoad Leveling by NAS Battery
Load Leveling
Night Time
Day TimeStorage
DischargePower
Time
2412
More than 270MW records
+ Back up power for outage
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Xcel LuverneChemical Station, Charleston WV
1MW, since July, 2006
Citizens Station, Bluffton OH
2MW, since July, 2008
Balls Gap Station, Milton WV
2MW, since December, 2008
East Busco Station, Churubusco IN
2MW, since January, 2009
AEP NAS Battery Installations in USA AEP NAS Battery Installations in USA (7MW, 4 sites) (7MW, 4 sites)
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Application of Large Capacity Storage Battery
Time (Cycle)
(300MW x 6 hours)
Fast Response
Factory (small-scale)
Stabilizing Output
Renewable Energy・Wind Power・Solar Power
for surplus power
24 hours
Discharge
Charge
Load LevelingSystem
Stabilization
Application
Battery Stationat substation
Smart Grid
High efficiency operationreduce fuel / CO2
Past Current FutureAim
SystemControl
Long Cycle
Load Leveling
Discharge
Charge
Difference of power demand
between day and night
1010Page:Page:
Application of Large Scale BatteryApplication of Large Scale Battery
<Scale> <Application> <Applicable Battery>If grid were a tree.....
Leaf Vein(100V)
Leaf(6kV~)
Branch(20kV~)
Trunk(110kV~)
(Grid Voltage)
・Solar P.V for homeuse with smart meterHome Li-ion battery
(1-10kW)
・Factory or office building(Load Leveling)
SmallLead Acid Battery
or NAS Battery(0.5-2MW)
・Solar・Wind Power(Stabilizing)
・Reducing CO2 by efficient operation of generator(medium scale)
Medium NAS Battery(2~30MW)
・Adjustment of supply and demand(smart grid)・ Reducing CO2 by efficient operation ofgenerator (large scale)
Large NAS Battery(50~300MW)
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Typical NAS Battery ApplicationTypical NAS Battery Application
Minimizing Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emission
3:Ancillary Service
2:Substation Application
1:Stabilizing Intermittent Renewable Energy
Response:10 seconds to 100%Output : Up to 200MW
Smart GridVital role for Smart Gridto stabilize all generationsand grid system
:Charge :Discharge
1212Page:Page:
Application of NAS Battery for Renewable EnergyApplication of NAS Battery for Renewable Energy :Stabilizing the output and the grid
・Scheduled generation of constant output ・Increasing the value of RE・Expanding introduction of RE
・Both wind power and solar power fluctuate depending on the weather
1313Page:Page:
Wind Application : Rokkasho Wind FarmWind Application :Wind Application : Rokkasho Wind FarmRokkasho Wind Farm34MW Battery System for 51MW Rokkasho Wind Firm
33.5m82m
44m
2MW NAS 17sets
2MW PCS 17sets
Flat Control method
51MW
Wind Farm
34MW
NAS Battery System
August 1, 2008 : Power Supply Start to Power Company also JEPX (Japan Electric Power Exchange)
1414Page:Page:
Solar Application: Wakkanai ProjectSolar Application: Wakkanai Project
Project Size・Solar Panel: 5MW・NAS Battery: 1.5MW
1.5MW NAS Battery for 5 MW SolarFinanced by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization)
1515Page:Page:
Wind and solar projects with NAS in USA and EuropeWind and solar projects with NAS in USA and EuropeGermany Berlin, Younicos(New Office and Factory)
Germany Enercon’s 6MW Windturbine with NAS
USA Minnesota, XCEL
PV Panel
NAS in Micro Grid Testing Building
1616Page:Page:
Micro Grid Testing Site with NAS at GermanyMicro Grid Testing Site with NAS at GermanyMicro Grid Testing Site with NAS at Germany
Load Simulator1MWSimulated
SystemActual System
1MW NAS battery installed at Micro Grid Testing Sitein Younicos Inc . Germany (Solar System Integrator).
1717Page:Page:
Substation ApplicationSubstation Application
① 100 % rated operation(RO) : the most efficient and stable
③ Power above 100% RO is discharged from NAS
② Power below 100% RO is charged to NAS
The most efficient and stable operation of gas turbineby hybrid NAS Battery system
Min. Fuel Consumption
0 20 40 60 80 100
Generator Output [%]
CO2
/Out
put
[w
t-CO
2/kW
]
CO2 Gas generation ratio
Min. CO2 Output
Reducing CO2 Emission
1818Page:Page:
Balancing Supply and Demand is important for Stabilizing Grid
Maintain 50±0.5Hz
Mechanism of System Stabilization
applyapply
Adjusting output of utilities’ generator to balance
Generation Increase
↓Frequency
up
Demand up↓
Frequency down
Frequency
Supply Demand
1919Page:Page:
Ancillary Services ApplicationAutomatic Control of Fluctuant Frequency
(Apply by high capacity and fast response battery)
Frequency50H
Frequency Up
①Stand-by
Discharge
Charge
②Discharge
③Charge
<Service> ① Stand-by (waits for output)② Discharge NAS battery when frequency down③ Charge NAS battery when frequency up
Frequency Down
2020Page:Page:
Application for SMART GRIDApplication for SMART GRID
Smart Grid
NAS system can have vital role for Smart Gridto stabilize all generationand grid system
Office Smart Meter
Information System
HomeFuel Cell
Factory
Photovoltaic
Fossil Generator
Wind Turbine
MW Class Energy Storage System Control System Energy Storage
2121Page:Page:
US Smart Grid Funding Program
SGDP: Smart Grid Demonstration ProgramTotal of 615 Mil. US$①Smart Grid : 8 ~12 projects (~100 Mil.US$ / project)
(Storage Battery can be included up to 20% of total project budget)
②Energy Storage : 180~210Mil. US$ (total 12~19 projects)(one-half of Storage Battery is supported)
・Load Leveling・Ancillary Service・Distributed Energy Storage for Grid Support・CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage)・Energy Storage Technologies
SGDP: Smart Grid Demonstration ProgramTotal of 615 Mil. US$①Smart Grid : 8 ~12 projects (~100 Mil.US$ / project)
(Storage Battery can be included up to 20% of total project budget)
②Energy Storage : 180~210Mil. US$ (total 12~19 projects)(one-half of Storage Battery is supported)
・Load Leveling・Ancillary Service・Distributed Energy Storage for Grid Support・CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage)・Energy Storage Technologies
US Smart Grid Funding Program
1. 15 candidates for demonstration projects2. Plan to participate NEDO・US Smart Grid Demo. in New Mexico
2222Page:Page:
Large Scale Grid Control by NAS Battery Station
DispatchCenter
中央監視制御システム
:Existing Grid Control
Substation
Substation
Substation
Substation
Substation
SubstationGeneration
2323Page:Page:
系統制御所
CISC
Large Scale Grid Control by NAS Battery Station
Battery Station
Battery StationBattery Station(20-50MW)
Battery StationBattery Station(20-50MW)
:Control by NAS battery station
2424Page:Page:
<Next Step>
*CISC:Central IntegratedSystem Controller
Large Scale Grid Control by NAS Battery StationLarge Scale Grid Control by combining
existing grid control and NAS battery station
Dispatch Center CISC *
Battery StationBattery Station
(20-50MW)
Battery StationBattery Station
(20-50MW)
:NGK Supply Scope:Existing Grid ControlSubstationSubstation Solar Wind
S
Substation
Generation
SubstationSubstation
2525Page:Page:
Solution to Growth of Renewable EnergyGrowth of Renewable Energy
1. Fluctuation Output (Wind, etc)2. Overflow of Surplus Power (PV)
-> unable to stabilize the systemSolution :①Battery Storage②Pumped Storage Power③Dismantle Coal-fired power
(in UK)
Surplus energy exists, even at “zero” control powerDemand
of Power
Base
(HydroEnergy
+NuclearPoweretc)
FirePower
ControlPower
System problem by surplus energy becomes obvious
UK・Germany・Denmark
Growth ofSolar & Wind Energy
Expansion of Needs of Storage Batteries