12/8/14Do Now:- Using the list of rhetorical devices, complete the rhetorical strategies pre-assessment.Homework:- None

Content Objective (What): Students will review rhetorical appeals by examining advertisements.

Language Objective (How): Students will analyze advertisements and the intended audience, purpose, and rhetorical appeals. Students will record their findings on the handout

Understanding Key Terms

Rhetoric is the art of effective speaking or writing. It includes the use of figurative language and/or other writing techniques that help make an argument persuasive.

Rhetorical strategies/Rhetorical devices are specific techniques a writer uses to develop and shape his/her writing to effectively convey ideas to an audience.

Examples of other rhetorical devices:

Allusion - a reference to an event, literary work or person - I can’t do that because I am not Superman.

Amplification - repeats a word or expression for emphasis - Love, real love, takes time. Analogy - compares two different things that have some similar characteristics - He is flaky as a

snowstorm. Anaphora - repeats a word or phrase in successive phrases - "If you prick us, do we not bleed? If

you tickle us, do we not laugh?” (Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare) Appositive - places a noun or phrase next to another noun for descriptive purposes - Mary,

queen of the land, hosted the ball. Assonance -the repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds (not always at the beginning of

words) Apples are awesome, Go and mow the lawn. Cause/Effect: setting up an argument in which the narrator provides a cause (a reason why

something happens) and then the subsequent effect(s) (what happens as a result). Comparison & contrast-mode of discourse where two or more things are compared, contrasted,

or both Connotation-the underlying, implied meaning of a word or phrase Counter-argument/rebuttal/refutation- an argument technique where opposing arguments are

anticipated and negated Denotation -the dictionary definition of a word Diction -word choice an author uses to persuade or convey tone, purpose, or effect Deductive reasoning -movement from the general to the specific Didactic-writing with an instructive purpose or lesson Either/or - a choice or division limited between two options- We found ourselves in an either-or

situation. Enumeration - makes a point with details - Renovation included a spa, tennis court, pool and

lounge. Euphemism-a less harsh way of expressing unpleasant information- death referred to as one’s

passing Inductive reasoning -movement from the specific to the general Inference- a conclusion or proposition arrived at by considering facts, observations, or data Jargon-specialized language of a trade or profession- Socratic Seminar, Graphic Organizer Juxtaposition-location of one thing adjacent to another to create an effect or reveal an attitude Knowledge of audience: structuring an argument in ways that appeal to a particular specific

audience Mode of discourse -the way in which information is presented in written or spoken form Paradox -statement that seems contradictory but may probably be true Parallel structure/Parallelism - uses words or phrases with a similar structure - I went to the

store, parked the car, and bought a pizza. Periodic sentence-a long sentence in which the main clause is not completed until the end-In

spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued. Point of view- the angle of considering things, which shows the opinion or feelings of the

individual Rhetorical question-a question that is asked simply for the sake of stylistic effect Style-the manner in which a writer combines and arranges words, shapes ideas, and utilizes

syntax and structure Syntax -the way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences

Name ____________________________ Date: December 8, 2014 English 10 Rhetorical Devices Pre-Assessment Carefully read through the definitions for each rhetorical strategy on the colored sheet provided. For each of the terms on the pre-assessment worksheet, identify how well you think you know and understand that literary term. Then place that term in one of the categories below. All the terms on the worksheet (about 40 of them) should appear in one of these three columns.

1. Level 9-10: Really well- I can put the definition in my own words, I feel confident that I can identify an example of this technique used in writing, and I think I can apply this strategy to my own writing.

2. Level 7-8: Reasonably well- I can define the term reasonably well, and I may be able to identify this technique in writing. I do not think I am able to apply this rhetorical device to my own writing.

3. Level 0-6: Don’t really know- either “I never heard this term before” or “I may have heard this term before” but I can’t really define the term or explain its role in literature.

1. I know this term really well 2. I know this term reasonably well 3. I don’t really know this term

Essential Question:

How can rhetorical strategies help a writer to construct and enhance a written argument?

Rhetoric in the real worldUnit Goals: to learn about specific types and examples of

rhetorical strategies to understand and appreciate how rhetorical

devices can influence and enhance an oral or written argument

to use rhetorical devices in your own writing to create a more interesting, thoughtful, and persuasive argument

Why study rhetorical strategies?

In both speech and writing, rhetorical strategies can influence what you have to say by….o generating interest in an audience o highlighting certain ideaso improving the flow (fluency) of words and

ideaso directing attention to a specific ideao persuading a reader

Persuasive Techniques in Advertising

Read, Write, Think Video

Rhetorical Appeals: these are the three main avenues by which people are persuaded • Logos: Strategy of reason, logic, or facts. Any type of

argument which appeals to someone’s rational side is appealing to logos.

• Ethos: Strategy of credibility, authority, or character. Appeals to ethos demonstrate the author’s trustworthiness, expertise, and honesty and attempt to put the author in a more positive light to the audience.

• Pathos: Strategy of emotions and affect (the way the piece makes us feel). Pathos appeals to an audience’s sense of anger, sorrow, pity, and/or excitement.

- Volkswagen Commercial- Bounty Commercial- Extra Commercial- Chevy Commercial

Television Commercials