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Psychosomatic Disorders
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Psychosomatic DisordersDisorders characterized by somatic complaints for which no organic cause could be demonstrated Usually result from emotional factors
Psychosomatic DisordersCharacteristics:Involve the organ system innervate by the autonomic nervous systemPhysiologic changes accompany emotional responses that are intenseSymptoms are physiological rather than symbolic, the emotions beings expressed through the visceraPersistent psychosomatic reactions may produce structural organic changes over time
Psychosomatic DisordersCharacteristics:5. The somatic symptoms afford generous secondary gains for the for the patients in terms of attention
Somatoform disordersRefer to a group of psychiatric disorders whose symptoms are severe enough to cause global impairmentThe clients often present with multiple, recurrent clinically significant somatic complaints, usually colorful and exaggerated hut lacking in factual basis
Somatoform disordersThe condition is characterized by PRIMARY GAIN (relief of anxiety) and SECONDARY gain (special attention)The individual becomes totally focused on the physical symptoms which can severely restrict activitiesThe person visits MULTIPLE health care providers and may undergo unnecessary procedures
Somatoform disordersETIOLOGIES1. Psychodynamic theory= utilization of the mechanism to convert psychic energy to physical manifestations. Conversion represents the symbolic resolution of the anxiety
Somatoform disordersETIOLOGIES2. Neurobiologic theory- neurotransmitter dysregulation. There is deficient communication between the brain hemisphere resulting to difficult expression of emotions, and distress is expressed as physical symptoms
Somatoform disordersETIOLOGIES3. SOCIO-cultural factors- higher among low SES
Types of Somatoform disorders
Types of Somatoform disorders
TypesCharacteristicsPain disorderChronic pain in many anatomic sitesConversion disorderLoss or change in physical functioning that cannot be associated with any organic cause and seems to be associated with psychosocial stressors
Somatoform disordersNURSING MANAGEMENTMainstay treatment is a long term relationship with a health care provider to prevent the patient from seeking multiple providers with multiple recommendationsAssist in psychotherapy as part of the treatment plan Family Education