1.5 What strategies can be used to address climate change?A) At an international levelB) By governmental actionC) By pressure groups and individuals.

There are two approaches:

Adaptation

Mitigation

Adaptation is when strategies are used where people cope with climate change. People change their way of life. This is not a solution but a reaction.

Mitigation is when a strategy is in place to reduce the effects of climate change. This can be done at various scales from local to national to global mitigation.

Adaptation is directly linked to development.

• Wealthy countries have the resources to adapt. Poor countries lack this ability.

To be able to adapt the following would need to be

done:• Reduce global poverty• Increase access to resources• Improve education• Improve health and population

stability• Improve infrastructure

Adaptation/ Mitigation

Adaptation or Mitigation?

• Adjustment in natural or human systems to a new or changing environment.

• An anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases. 

Adaptation/Mitigation Venn diagram

• Sea defences.• Renewable energy.• Move from coastal areas threatened

by sea level rise.• Planting trees.• Promoting use of public transport.• International treaties to lower

greenhouse gas emissions.• Develop ecotourism.

• More mitigation Lower impacts to adjust to.

• More adaptation Less notice of climate change.

PROBLEM…

Gwaith cartref

• Research the following: – Carbon capture technology– Geo-engineering

Questions:1. What is the difference between

adaptation and mitigation?2. What is an example of a mitigation

strategy?3. What is an example of an

adaptation strategy?4. Which type of strategy will have the

biggest reduction in greenhouse gases?

LET’S LEARN SOME CASE

STUDY EXAMPLES!!

Adaptation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mitigation

None ----------------------------------Reduction in greenhouse gases ---------------------------- Significant

Land-use planning

Agricultural technology

Geo-Engineering

Sustainable development

Carbon capture technology

Carbon neutraldevelopmen

t

Adaptation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mitigation

None -------------------------------Reduction in greenhouse gases ----------------------------------- Significant

Land-use planning

Agricultural technology

Geo-Engineering Sustainable development

Carbon capture technology

Carbon neutraldevelopment

1. Prevent development

on flood plains/ Coasts.

2.Build fire breaks around urban areas

1. Drought tolerant crops

2. Water harvesting

3. Use of grey water

1. Orbiting solar shields

2. High yield variety

1. Reduce resource Consumption

2.Increased recycling

3. Locally sourced food products

4. Alternative transport

1. Large scale carbon capture technology applied to power

stations and

industries.

1.Afforestation

2. Renewable energy supplies

3.International

agreements.

Adaptation --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mitigation

None -----------------------------------Reduction in greenhouse gases ----------------------------------- Significant

Land-use planning

Agricultural technology

Geo-Engineering Sustainable development

Carbon capture technology

Carbon neutraldevelopment

1. Prevent development on flood plains/ Coasts.

2.Build fire breaks around urban areas

1. Drought tolerant crops

2. Water harvesting

3. Use of grey water

1. Orbiting solar shields

2. High yield variety

1. Reduce resource Consumption

2.Increased recycling

3. Locally sourced food products

4. Alternative transport

1. Large scale

carbon capture technology applied to power stations and industries.

1.Afforestation

2. Renewable energy supplies

3.International agreements.

1. Shrewsbury

2. Australia (Melbourne/

Sydney)

1. India (Green revolution)

2. California

3. Western Europe

1. No case study- costs too much

2. South East Africa

1. UK2. RCT3. Co-op supermarket4.London (Bikes/Charges)

1. UK coal fired power stations

1.Brazilian rainforest2. Cemaes wind farm/ Dinorwig hydro electric power3. Kyoto

Fire breaks in Australia

• A gap in vegetation (barrier)• Reduce the threat of bush fires.• Melbourne is already surrounded by

more than 500km of fire breaks.• This was extended in 2011.• Focus on areas identified as high

risk.

Green revolution

• 1940-1970• HYV of cereal grains, Irrigation,

modernisation and management.• Saved India from mass famine in

1961• 1960- rice yield 2 tons per hectare,

by 1990- 6 tons per hectare

Use of greywater

• Used water (laundry, bathwater etc)• Recycled on site• Environment agency promotes it’s

use• We all produce approx. 120 litres of

greywater a day, which could be redued to 30 litres.

Alternative transport

• London schemes• Congestion charges- Introduced in 2003-

busy areas- ~ £10 per day (Fines for not paying)

• Incentives- electric cars

• Bikes- London cycle hire- available 24/7• 15,000 docking stations around London.• Cover 65km2

Carbon capture technology

• Aim- to trap greenhouse gases after burning fossil fuels.

• Why am I telling you?

• http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/interactive/2008/jun/12/carbon.capture

Colour code your table to indicate whether the schemes

are individual, national or international.

• https://practicalaction.org/geography-natural-environments-videos

1.4. What are the issues resulting from climate

change?

a) Changes in biomes.b) Changes in societyc) Increasing levels of extreme

weather d) Impacts of changing sea levele) Impacts in the UK

Gwaith cartref