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Les aciers inox duplex

Matriau2014

Franois Weisang-Hoinard

Special Coil Nyby

Outokumpu

Date: 25 Novembre 2014


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3/3/2015 2

Les aciers inox martensitiqueso Haut carbone

Les aciers inox ferritiques

o Bas Carbone & Azote, (Mo)

Les aciers inox austnitiques

o Bas Carbone, Ni > %8, ( Mo & N)

Les diffrents types daciers inoxydables

%Cr > 11,5%

Rsistance la corrosion

Les aciers inox austno-ferritiques ou duplex


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Duplex stainless steels: The smart choice

Duplex

Duplex

Exemples

The duplex business

case

Conclusions


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3/3/2015Presentation title, Speaker name Confidential information 4

Un duplex a une structure austno-ferritique

La rpartition est approximativement de 50% ferrite and50% austenite

Les Duplex combinent la plupart des avantages des inoxferritiques et austnitiques

La microstructure duplex apporte de hautes rsistances

mcaniques et une bonne rsistance la corrosionfissurante

Quest-ce quun acier inox Duplex?

Duplex microstructure

Austenitic microstructure


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Caractristiques

Bonne resistance la

piqration et la corrosion

caverneuse

Haute rsistance SCC

(Stress Corrosion

Cracking) et fatigue

corrosion

Proprits mcaniques

leves Bonne rsistance la

Fatigue

Haute absorption dnergie

Haute rsistance lusure

Faible coefficientdallongement

Bonne soudabilit et

aptitudes lusinage


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Steel name EN ASTM/UNS C N Cr Ni Mo Other

LDX 2101 1.4162 S32101 0.03 0.22 21.5 1.5 0.3 5Mn

2304 1.4362 S32304 0.02 0.10 23 4.8 0.3 -

LDX 2404 1.4662 S82441 0.02 0.27 24 3.6 1.5 3Mn

2205 1.4462 S32205 0.02 0.17 22 5.7 3.1 -

4404 1.4404 316L 0.02 - 17.2 10.1 2.1 -

4436 1.4436 316 0.04 - 16.9 10.7 2.6 -904L 1.4539 904L 0.01 - 20 25 4.3 1.5Cu

Elments dalliages des Duplex

PRE : % Cr + 3.3%Mo + 16%N similaire aux inox austnitiques

3/3/2015Duplex for demanding applications/ Lena Wegrelius 6

Importance du rapport Ferrite /Austnite

Teneurs en Ni & Mo diminuent lextra alliage


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LDX 2101 1.4162 S32101 0.03 0.22 21.5 1.5 0.3 5Mn

2304 1.4362 S32304 0.02 0.10 23 4.8 0.3 -

LDX 2404 1.4662 S82441 0.02 0.27 24 3.6 1.5 3Mn

2205 1.4462 S32205 0.02 0.17 22 5.7 3.1 -

4404 1.4404 316L 0.02 - 17.2 10.1 2.1 -

4436 1.4436 316 0.04 - 16.9 10.7 2.6 -904L 1.4539 904L 0.01 - 20 25 4.3 1.5Cu


LDX 2101 1.4162 S32101 0.03 0.22 21.5 1.5 0.3 5Mn

2304 1.4362 S32304 0.02 0.10 23 4.8 0.3 -

EDX 2304 1.4362 S32304 0.02 0.18 23.8 4.3 0.5 -

LDX 2404 1.4662 S82441 0.02 0.27 24 3.6 1.5 3Mn

2205 1.4462 S32205 0.02 0.17 22 5.7 3.1 -

2507 1.4410

4404 1.4404 316L 0.02 - 17.2 10.1 2.1 -

4436 1.4436 316 0.04 - 16.9 10.7 2.6 -

904L 1.4539 904L 0.01 - 20 25 4.3 1.5Cu

Optimisation de la composition chimique

PRE : % Cr + 3.3%Mo + 16%N de 25,6 28

3/3/2015Duplex for demanding applications/ Lena Wegrelius 7

Ajustement du Ni pour contrler la structure ferrite austnite

Conforme :

ASTM S32304

& EN 1.4362


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3/3/2015Presentation title, Speaker name Confidential information 8

Positionnement des duplex

Excellentes combinaisons entre rsistance mcaniques et rsistance la

corrosion

600

550

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

D

e

A

e

c

43074404

4436

4438

4439

904L

254 SMO

4565

LDX 2101

2304

2205

2507LDX 2404

Corrosion Resistance, CPT typical

R

2

M

P

Hot coil

654 SMO

EDX 2304

EDX 2205


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Resistance la Corrosion


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Corrosion par piqre dans leau

Valable pour Eau pH 6-8

Lger renouvellement

Soudures bien

dcapes/nettoyesAggressivit augmente avec

Baisse du pH

Teneurs croissante enagents oxydant

et vice versa

Temperatures etconcentrations en chlorure maximales en eauLgrement chlore (


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Corrosion Caverneuse dans leau

Valable pour

Eau pH 6-8 Lger renouvellement

Aggressivit augmente avec

Baisse du pH

Teneurs croissante enagents oxydant

et vice versa

Conditions trs corrosivesdans les changeur plaques

Temperatures etconcentrations en chlorure maximales en eauLgrement chlore (


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Fissuration sous tension, SCC

904L254 SMO

4565654 SMO

Acier Austnitiques hautes teneursen Ni and Mo

+Ni

LDX 2101

2304

LDX 240422052507

-Ni

Les aciers duplex plusconomiques

Les chlorures favorisent la SCCSensibilit des aciers austenitiques standard 4301& 4404

Augmentation de la rsistance au SCC:

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Gamme de produits disponibles

HRP(P), Tles Quarto:

t = 2-100* mm

CPP(H), Bobines & tles:

t = 4-10* mm CR (C), Bobines & tles :

t = 0.1-6* mm

Billettes, fil machine, barres

et fer bton

Tubes

Tubes rectangulaires

Elments de structure

Accessoires

Produits de soudage

*Max/min. Epaisseurs fonction de la nuance et de la largeur.

Hors-groupe Outokumpu


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Le Benefice des duplex est conomique

Plus faibles paisseurs- Advantage conomique

Maintenance minimale,Plus longue dure de vie- Advantage global

teneur nickel plus faibles-

Stabilit des cots

Courtesy of Highland Group

Courtesy by Voith


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Limites en temprature de Service

-40

250

[

C]

Tempratures de service recommandespour les inox duplex: -40 to 250C

Temperatures leves (>250C):

Risques de fr gilis tion

Tempratures cryogniques (


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Bonne soudabilit Paramtres de soudage diffrents des inox austnitiques:

o Gomtrie du joint, pntration

o Gaz de purge & de soudageo Produits dapport sur-allis

o Vitesse de soudage

o

Apport de chaleur, dilution & structures intermtalliques

Soudage des inox duplex


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Duplex et l Environment

Un Produit Responsable

Base de ferrailles 100% recyclable

Faible taux de relargationdions mtalliques danslenvironment

Grande durabilit: pluslongue dure de vie moins

de maintenance Aucune protection polluante

de la surface Utilisation des proprits

mcaniques pour rductiondes poids: gain en nergieet en CO2 mis danslatmosphre


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Duplex

Duplex:

Exemples

The duplex business

case

Conclusions


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Challenge

Achieving the highest standards in thepassage that links the GuggenheimMuseum to the University of Deusto, to

match the museums architectural designand to educate students about theaesthetic merits and potential of stainlesssteel.

Solution

Duplex 2304 with a special platesurface finish for enduring beauty.A great example of value creation,where weight reduction, lower life cyclecosting and sustainability is realized.

Case AB&C: Bilbao bridge, Spain


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Challenge

Identifying the right material for the bridgestubular, load-bearing arches.

Solution

Duplex 2304 to provide first-rate corrosionresistance in the atmospheric conditionscoupled with excellent mechanicalproperties, cost-efficiency, and ease offabrication.

photo courtesy: Cimolai

photo courtesy: Cimolai

Case AB&C: Celtic Gateway footbridge, Holyhead, UK


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Challenge

To substitute austenitic 4404 pipes in

water heaters. To find a more cost

effective material, better properties;lower thermal expansion and reduced

risk of stress corrosion cracking (SCC).

Solution

Lean Duplex LDX 2101 provides

weight reduction 30% and fulfilling the

requirements for better material

performance.

Case Industrial Heating & Cooling: Water heating


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Case Domestic Heating & Cooling: Water heaters

Challenge

Find a cost efficient alternative to enamel carbonsteel, copper or claded solutions, with suitable

properties for highly automatic multiple production.At the same time make it possible to increase lifetime, avoid the need of sacrificing anode andreduce weight.

Solution

Water Heaters in LDX2101 or 2304 is a perfectproduct for regions with Scandinavian or Euro-peanwater quality. The strength of duplex allows at least

a 30% wall thickness reduction, making the boilerboth easier to handle and cheaper to produce. Nocoating or pressure supporting material is needed.For more demanding environments, 2205 isrecommended. Domestic Water Heater, courtesy of

Kingspan Hot Water Systems LTD


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Case Heavy transport: Road tankers

Challenge

To let tank maker INDOX of Spain produce all-stainless LNG tankers with the objectives toimproved quality, cost-efficiency and reducedtanker weight.

Solution

Outer hull fabricated out of LDX 2101. Thecustomer, Spanish trucking company HAM,can retain its preferred all-stainless look of

tankers without coating, while gaining thebenefits of LDX 2101.

Courtesy of INDOX


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Case Energy: Storage tanks for bioethanol

Challenge

More economical bioethanol fermentation tanksthan ones built out of the conventional stainless

material, austenitic 1.4301/1.4307 (304/304L).By tank fabricator CITAL of Italy.

Solution

Tank wall structures built out of LDX 2101,with the benefit in total of 15% saving inmaterial. CITAL made the grade selection

solely on the basis of the potential formaterial weight reduction.

Courtesy of CITAL


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Case Oil & Gas: Plate heat exchangers

Challenge

To solve the problem of the short service lifeaveraging 3 months presented by austenitic

1.4404 (316L) plates in plate air-cooler and plateshell heat exchangers, while increasing heattransfer capacity. R&D by Gansu LankePetrochemical Equipment of China.

Solution

Heat exchanger plates made out of Duplex 2205with a new design. The design, previouslyconsidered impossible to produce from Duplex

2205, was made possible by strong R&D supportfrom Outokumpu. Duplex 2205 heat exchangerplates have service life of 2 years or more, helpingto reduce maintenance shutdowns.


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Case Pulp & Paper:Worlds largest digester, Jinhall mill, China

Challenge

The adoption of closed systems to reduce emissions,and the implementation of measures to improve the

efficiency of cooking processes, have resulted insevere corrosion of carbon steel digesters. Thats why1.4404/316L has become the dominant constructionmaterial, but there are even more cost effectivesolutions

Solution

Duplex steels like 2205 and 2304 provide greatercorrosion resistance than 1.4404. Their superiorstrength allow thickness reductions up to and even

more than 30%, meaning considerable cost savings.Kvaerner Pulping now boasts the worlds largestdigester in China. 3000 metric tons of 2205: 75 m talland 12.5 m in diameter.

Courtesy of Kvaerner


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Case Water Treatment:Desalination plant

Challenge

Freshwater is one of the worlds most valuableresources. Desalination is the process of obtaining

freshwater from seawater. Yet, desalination faceschallenges: high demands on materials and highcosts, which can discourage investment in newplants.

Solution

The evaporation chambers of three new MSFdesalination plant extensions by FISIA of Italy willhave a DualDuplex construction, using a

combination of the more corrosion resistant 2205and LDX 2101 in less corrosive sections. Mostcost effective solution utilizing both strength andcorrosion resistance.


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Duplex

Duplex:

Exemples

The duplex business

case

Conclusions


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les Duplex business cases sont construits :

Caractristiques:

Proprits mcaniques Bonne resistance la

corrosion localise Haute rsistance SCC

(Stress Corrosion Cracking)et fatigue corrosion

Bonne rsistance la

fatigue Haute nergie dabsorption Haute rsistance lusure Faible Cef dallongement Bonne soudabilit et bonne

usinabilit Disponibilit des produits

Bnfices:

Diminution despaisseurs

Meilleure stabilit desprix

Plus longue dure de vieet faibles cots demaintenance

Duplex adds superior value!

Opportunits:

Rduction du poids total Optimisation des cots:

Cot matire lnvestment Initial Maintenance Cot global

Augmentation de la durede vie


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Duplex potential

LCC saving:

~30%

Total initial cost*:

Surface protection

cost:

Total LCC:

Operating cost:

Elapsed time between

maintenance events:

Life cycle duration:

234 kEuro

C-Steel170 kEuro

100 Euro/m2

1000 m2

15 years

30 years

64 kEuro

LDX 2101170 kEuro

0 kEuro

170 kEuro

No surface

protection

required!

30 years

*Assume equal initial cost level: lower material cost for the carbon steel levels

the initial measure taken for protecting its plate surfaces.

Duplex adds superior value:

Opportunities: Weight reduction

Improved cost efficiency Material cost

Initial investment cost

Maintenance cost

Life Cycle Costing

Increased service life

Duplex as a substitute for carbon steel

Total Life Cycle Costing for storage tank


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Plus dinformation sur les Duplex

Learn more:www.outokumpu.comProducts >>About Stainless >>


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Outokumpu Corrosion Handbook 20 technical articles, describing corrosion

types, and performance of stainless steels

in a variaty of applications

28 isocorrosion diagrams

Corrosion tables for around 450 differentchemicals, showing the resistance of

different grades

Useful physical tables and conversion

tables

3/3/2015 36


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Des guides pratiques

Des brochures spcifiques pourchaque march

Autre source dinformation


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Un mondequi dure toujours

Documents

1702 KN Weisang-Hoinard