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African Burial Ground. 18 th Century New York. African Burial Ground Burial # 6. Plan view of burial sites at the New York African Burial Ground showing the location of excavated burials (419). Research questions: culture & power, not race (see Perry and Blakey pp. 49-50). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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18th Century New YorkAfrican Burial Ground
African Burial Ground Burial # 6
Plan view of burial sites at the New York African Burial Ground showing the location of
excavated burials (419)
Research questions: culture & power, not race(see Perry and Blakey pp. 49-50)
• What are the cultural and geographical roots of the individuals interred in the African Burial Ground?
• What biological characteristics and cultural traditions remained unchanged and which were transformed during the creation of African American society and culture?
• What was the physical quality of life for Africans enslaved in New York City during the colonial period and how was it different from the quality of life in their African homeland?
• What were the modes of resistance and how were they creatively reconfigured and used to resist oppression and to forge a new African American culture?
Cluster Diagram based on concentrations of
trace elements found in teeth and other sources
suggests many adults were African born while children were American
Strontium isotopes
Burial 101
Burial 340 waist beads
Detail of Southeast section of the New York African Burial Ground showing the location of
excavated burials
371
377
375
383
365
335 & 356
340
Burial 375
African Labor
Promotional Illustration for New Amsterdam, 1623
Skeletal Traumas
• Dental enamel hypoplasia
•High Lead levels
• Hypertrophy/ Enthesopathies
• Lipping (sexed)
Burial 25: gunshot trauma
Burial 323: Autopsy Victim
1788 Doctor’s RiotsUsually, the students had contented themselves with ripping open the graves of
strangers and negroes, about whom there was little feeling; but this winter they dug up respectable people, even young women, of whom they made an indecent exposure.
Plan view of burial sites at the New York African Burial Ground showing the location of
excavated burials in color
African Burial Ground Research and Recommendation Reports
http://www.africanburialground.gov/ABG_FinalReports.htm
Changes in the burial of Africans in Early New York
‘That after the Expiration of four weeks from the dates hereof no Negroes be buried within the bounds & Limits of the Church Yard of Trinity Church, that is to say, in the rear of the present burying place & that no person or Negro whatsoever, do presume after the terme above Limited to break up any ground for the burying of his Negro, as they will answer it at their perill’
Trinity Church Vestry Minutes, October 25, 1697 (cited in Perry et al 2006:42)
St. Paul’s colonial cemetery in modern New York City
Plan view of burial sites at the New York African Burial Ground
Common burial position at African Burial Ground
Copper alloy straight pins
replicas