MMDSTMMDSTMetro Manila Developmental Metro Manila Developmental

Screening TestScreening Test

MMDSTMMDSTMetro Manila Developmental Metro Manila Developmental

Screening TestScreening Test

DMSF CollegeDMSF College

Theories of development

• Intellectual/cognitive Development – Jean Piaget

• Emotional Development – Erik Erikson

• Development of Sexuality – Sigmund Freud

• Moral Development – Lawrence Kohlberg

• Spiritual/Faith development – James Fowler

Overview

• It is an early detection model that applies to the detection of developmental disabilities in children aged six & a half years old and younger

• Developed by Dr. William K. Frankenburg & associates in 1967 for the Denver children.

• Modified & adapted by Dr. Phoebe D. Williams on Metro Manila Children

Overview

• Design for health professionals such as nurses, doctors and health workers so that slow development may be recognized, referrals made & appropriate therapy prescribed as soon as possible.

• It is a SCREENING test.• It is intended as a screening instrument

to determine whether a child’s development is within normal range.

Overview

• It is NOT an intelligence test

• It is NOT a diagnostic test

• It is NOT a predictor of future adaptive or intellectual ability.

MMDST Kit

• Bright red yarn (pom-pom)• Rattle with a narrow handle• Eight 1-inch colored wooden blocks (red, blue,

yellow, green)• Small clear glass/bottle with 5/8 inch opening• Small bell with 2 ½ inch-diameter opening• Rubber ball 12 ½ inches in diameter• Cheese curls• Pencil and bond paper

The Test form

• 4 Aspects of child’s development evaluated by MMDST/DDST

• (1) Personal – Social »Task which indicate the child’s

ability to get along with people and to take care of himself/ herself.

4 Aspects of child’s development evaluated by

MMDST/DDST

• (2) Fine Motor Adaptive»Task which indicate the child’s

ability to see and to use his hands to pick up objects and to draw.

4 Aspects of child’s development evaluated by

MMDST/DDST

• (3) Language»Task which indicate the child’s

ability to hear and follow directions and to speak.

4 Aspects of child’s development evaluated by

MMDST/DDST

• (4) Gross Motor»Task which indicate the child’s

ability to sit, walk and jump.

Test Procedure• Establish rapport with the mother/ caregiver• Make the child as comfortable as possible• Calculate the child’s age• Draw the age line• Select the items to be administered• Administer the test• Score the results• Interpret test results• Explain overall interpretation of test result to

parent or caregiver

Test Scores

• Passed ( P )

• Failed ( F )

• Refused ( R)

• No Opportunity ( NO )

Calculating the child’s age

– This is the first step and will be the basis for drawing the age line later and determine the test items to be administered.

– Ask for the birth date of the child and calculate the exact age using this formula:

• Date of test minus birth date equals age of child; calculate first the days, then months and then years.

• Example: Birth date : March 10, 2004 Date of Test: June 20, 2006

Year Month DayDate of test 06 06 20

Birth Date -04 - 3 -10____________________________

Age of child 02 3 10

Therefore the age of the child is 2 years 3 months and 10 days

• BorrowingDate of test: Feb. 5, 2006Birth date: March 10, 2004

Year Month Day

Date of test 06 02 05

Birth date -04 -03 -10____________________________

Age of child 1 10 25

Therefore the age of the child is 1 year 11 months and 25 days

Adjustment for prematurity

• Make adjustments if the child is 2 years or younger.

• Subtract the number of weeks of prematurity.

• If more than 2 years it is no longer necessary to compensate for prematurity.

Selecting items to be administered

All items crossing the age line should be administered

The child should have a minimum of three passes to the left of any failure; and

Each sector should have at least three passes and three failures.

Scoring delays in development

• An example of no opportunity is in the item – pedals tricycle. If the child has never had an opportunity to try a tricycle then the item should be scored as no opportunity and not failed or refused.

Scoring delays in development

• Scores is to be written on the 50% hatch mark.

• A test item that is failed and which falls completely to the left of the age line is considered a delay.

Scoring delays in development

• Delays on the test form are emphasized by shading the right end of the bar of the delayed item.

• If the age line touches the right end of the bar, the item is not considered a delay.

Interpreting test results

*The MMDST result is interpreted as:NORMALQUESTIONABLE

ABNORMALUNTESTABLE

Follow these simple steps:• Step 1 – Mark each delay by heavily

shading the right end of the bar;• Step 2 – Count the number of

sectors that have 2 or more delays;• Step 3 – Count the number of

sectors that have 1 delay with no passes intersecting the age line in the same sector;

• Step 4 – Interpret the result using the following criteria.

Discussing test result

• Overall interpretation of test results should be given to parent in general terms.

• If the child has done well – praise and reassure the parent the child is developing as he/she should be.

• If the child has a number of delays remind them it is a screening test and you would like to test the child again within approximately 2 weeks.

Thank you !!!

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