1963-1969 1963 Pres. Johnson becomes the 36 th President after JFK’s assassination Pres. Johnson...
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Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson 1963-1969
1963-1969 1963 Pres. Johnson becomes the 36 th President after JFK’s assassination Pres. Johnson pledges support for Pres. Kennedy’s legislative agenda,
1963 Pres. Johnson becomes the 36 th President after JFKs
assassination Pres. Johnson pledges support for Pres. Kennedys
legislative agenda, which included civil rights & education
legislation
Slide 4
Important events & bills passed Economic Opportunity Act
(1964) a variety of educational, employment, and training programs
which were the foundation of the war on poverty 1964 election-
elected w/ a 61% popular vote for his first term Great Society
program in 1965- aid to education, protection of civil rights,
urban renewal, Medicare, conservation, beautification, control
& prevention of crime and delinquency, promotion of the arts,
& consumer protection
Slide 5
Civil Rights Movement events- 1964 Mississippi Freedom Summer-
voter registration in the state. December 10 - Dr. Martin Luther
King is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize Civil Rights Act of 1964-
Right to vote, guarantee access to public accommodations, and
withhold federal funds from programs that discriminate.
http://www.history.com/videos/10-days-freedom-summer
Slide 6
Civil Rights Movement events- 1965 February 21 - Malcolm X is
shot to death in Manhattan, New York, probably by three members of
the Nation of Islam. March 7 - Bloody Sunday: Civil rights workers
in Selma, Alabama begin a march to Montgomery but are stopped by a
massive police blockade as they crossed the Edmund Pettus Bridge.
Many marchers are severely injured and one killed. Voting Rights
Act of 1965 passed
http://www.history.com/videos/malcolm-x#malcolm-x
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAsset
Id=A1B7C0D3-32CE-4D53-96A1-FE79CC5F78C0
Slide 7
Civil Rights Movement events- 1966 & 1967 1966 June 5 -
James Meredith begins a solitary March Against Fear from Memphis,
Tennessee to Jackson, Mississippi. Shortly after starting, he is
shot with birdshot and injured. He continues the march later. Black
Panthers founded by Newton & Seale in California 1967 June 13 -
Thurgood Marshall is the first African American appointed to the
U.S. Supreme Court.
Slide 8
Civil Rights Movement events- 1968 April 4 - Dr. Martin Luther
King is shot and killed in Memphis, Tennessee by James Earl Ray.
April 11 - Civil Rights Act of 1968 is signed. The Fair Housing Act
is Title VIII of this Civil Rights Act - it bans discrimination in
the sale, rental, and financing of housing.
Slide 9
Vietnam War- background (1940s) *dont write, but get info. from
the blog 1945 After Chinese and French rule and Japanese
occupation, Ho Chi Minh and his People's Congress create the
National Liberation Committee of Vietnam to form a provisional
government. Japan transfers all power to the Viet minh. Ho Chi Minh
Declares Independence of Vietnam British Forces Land in Saigon,
Return Authority to French 1946 France recognizes Vietnam as a
"free state" within the French Union. Indochina War Begins
*Following months of steadily deteriorating relations, the
Democratic Republic of Vietnam launches its first concerted attack
against the French.
Slide 10
*Ho Chi Minh Bringer of Light "My only desire is that all of
our Party and people, closely united in struggle, construct a
peaceful, unified, independent, democratic and prosperous, and make
a valiant contribution to the world Revolution." (Hanoi, 10 May
1969.)
Slide 11
Vietnam War- background (1950-1955) *dont write, but get info.
from the blog 1950 Chinese, Soviets Offer Weapons to Viet minh The
United States sends $15 million dollars in military aid to the
French for the war in Indochina. Included in the aid package is a
military mission and military advisors. 1954 Battle of Dien Bien
Phu Begins *A force of 40,000 heavily armed Vietminh lay siege to
the French garrison at Dien Bien Phu. French defeated. *President
Eisenhower outlines the Domino Theory: "You have a row of dominoes
set up. You knock over the first one, and what will happen to the
last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. Geneva
Meeting Begins *Vietnam is divided at the 17 th parallel Viet minh
flag French at Dien Bien Phu
Slide 12
Vietnam War- background (1955-1959) *dont write, but get info.
from the blog 1955 Ngo Dinh Diem becomes President of Republic of
Vietnam 1956 French Leave Vietnam 1959 North Vietnam forms Group
559 to begin infiltrating weapons into South Vietnam via the Ho Chi
Minh Trail. The Trail will become a strategic target for future
military attacks.
Slide 13
Vietnam War- background (1960-1962) *dont write, but get info.
from the blog 1960 Hanoi forms the National Liberation Front for
South Vietnam. The Diem government dubs them "Vietcong. 1962 The
U.S. Air Force begins using Agent Orange -- a defoliant that came
in metal orange containers-to expose roads and trails used by
Vietcong forces. Viet cong flag Agent Orange being dropped
Slide 14
Vietnam War- background- 1963 *dont write, but get info. from
the blog 1963 Tensions between Buddhists and the Diem government
are further strained as Diem, a Catholic, removes Buddhists from
several key government positions and replaces them with Catholics.
Buddhist monks protest Diem's intolerance for other religions and
the measures he takes to silence them. In a show of protest,
Buddhist monks start setting themselves on fire in public places.
With the approval of the United States, operatives within the South
Vietnamese military overthrow Diem. He and his brother Ngo Dinh Nhu
are shot and killed. Thch Qung c & self-immolation
Slide 15
Last words The last words of Thch Qung c before his
self-immolation were documented in a letter he had left: Before
closing my eyes and moving towards the vision of the Buddha, I
respectfully plead to President Ngo Dinh Diem to take a mind of
compassion towards the people of the nation and implement religious
equality to maintain the strength of the homeland eternally. I call
the venerables, reverends, members of the sangha and the lay
Buddhists to organize in solidarity to make sacrifices to protect
Buddhism. David Halberstam wrote: I was to see that sight again,
but once was enough. Flames were coming from a human being; his
body was slowly withering and shriveling up, his head blackening
and charring. In the air was the smell of burning human flesh;
human beings burn surprisingly quickly. Behind me I could hear the
sobbing of the Vietnamese who were now gathering. I was too shocked
to cry, too confused to take notes or ask questions, too bewildered
to even think... As he burned he never moved a muscle, never
uttered a sound, his outward composure in sharp contrast to the
wailing people around him.
Slide 16
Vietnam War- 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Incident On August 2, three
North Vietnamese PT boats allegedly fired torpedoes at the U.S.S.
Maddox, located off the coast of North Vietnam. A second attack is
alleged to have taken place on August 4. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution-
Aug. 7 approved by Congress & authorizes LBJ to "take all
necessary measures to repel any armed attack against forces of the
United States and to prevent further aggression." The Resolution
allows Johnson to wage all out war against North Vietnam without
ever securing a formal Declaration of War from Congress. The
reports now appear to have been mistaken. Later, when more
information about the Tonkin incident became available, many
concluded that Johnson and his advisers had misled Congress into
supporting the expansion of the war. In 1965, President Johnson
commented privately: "For all I know, our Navy was shooting at
whales out there."
http://www.history.com/videos/lbj-gulf-of-tonkin-incident
Slide 17
Vietnam War- 1965 Sustained American bombing raids of North
Vietnam, dubbed Operation Rolling Thunder, begin in February. The
nearly continuous air raids will go on for three years. The first
American combat troops arrive in Vietnam to defend the U.S.
airfield at Danang. The practice of protesting U.S. policy in
Vietnam by holding "teach-ins" at colleges and universities becomes
widespread. The first "teach-in" -- featuring seminars, rallies,
and speeches -- takes place at the University of Michigan.
http://www.history.com/videos/operating-rolling- thunder
Slide 18
Vietnam War- 1967 Vietcongs massive system of tunnels is
discovered Napalm being used
http://www.history.com/shows/cities-of-the-underworld/videos/cities-
of-the-underworld-3-vietnam-vinh-moc-tunnels#cities-of-the-
underworld-3-vietnam-vinh-moc-tunnels
Slide 19
150 miles of tunnels Some 23 ft. deep Room for 16,000 viet cong
http://www.history.com/videos/vietnams-underground-warfare#vietnams-
underground-warfare Tunnel Rats- American soldiers sent to seek out
enemies in the tunnels
http://www.history.com/videos/tunnel-rats-show-courage#tunnel-rats-show-
courage
Slide 20
Rolling trap Folding chair trap See-saw trap Trap door trap The
spikes under the trap door
Slide 21
Vietnam War- 1968 North Vietnamese Launch Tet Offensive-
Turning point in the Vietnam War North Vietnam army & viet cong
vs. South Vietnam army, U.S., and its allies From a military point
of view, Tet is a huge defeat for the Communists, but turns out to
be a political and psychological victory. My Lai Massacre Search
& destroy mission No viet cong found, but b/w 300-500 My Lai
villagers murdered. initially covered up by high-ranking army
officers, but it was later made public by former soldiers. Dont
write: Later during the courts-martial, platoon leader Lieutenant
William Calley was accused of directing the killings, and in 1971
he was convicted of premeditated murder and sentenced to life in
prison; five other soldiers were tried and acquitted. Many,
however, believed that Calley had been made a scapegoat, and in
1974 he was paroled.
Slide 22
The end for LBJ 1968- LBJ announces he wont run for re-election
in order to devote his time to seeking peace in Vietnam & at
home "I shall not seek, nor will I accept the nomination of my
party for another term as your President."
http://www.history.com/videos/history-rocks-vietnam-
soldier#history-rocks-vietnam-soldier Nixon LBJ LBJ died Jan. 22,
1973 at age 64, from a third heart attack. (two days after Pres.
Nixons inauguration).