19th July 2012July 2012 PEA Building 4, 5th Floor, Theater ...wadethai.org/smartthai/docs/WS_PEA_MEA/2_Metering And Communication... · LTE-service (4G)* √* Future fixed wireless

Funded by:

European Union

Smart/Intelligent Grid Development and Deploymenti Th il d (S t Th i)in Thailand (Smart Thai)

Smart Thai Workshop: Metering and CommunicationMetering and Communication

M J B dMr. Juergen BenderGlobal Head Utility Solutions, Orga Systems

19th July 201219th July 2012PEA Building 4, 5th Floor, Theater Room

Leadership through Innovation

Smart Thai Workshop: Metering and Communication

Reduce meter dependence.

Improve revenue assurance and

response to non-technical losses.

Build an engaged customer

base, leading to optimized

demand-response.

Address needs of vulnerable

segments through innovative

pricing and payments schemes.

Provide customers with choice.

What does a Smart Utility do?

10.07.2012 Page: 2 © 2012 Orga Systems GmbH | All rights reserved | orga-systems.com

Smart Grids Are The Backbone Of The Future Energy System

© 2011 Orga Systems GmbH | All rights reserved | orga-systems.com Page: 3 10.07.2012

Source: Accelerating Smart Grid Investments, World Economic Forum

Smart D

Substation

Smart T

Substation

Smart T

Substation

Smart D

Substation

Grid-based

renewables

Grid-based

storage

Nuclear

Power Plant

Coal & Gas

Plant with CCS

Natural Gas

Transmission

CO2

Transport

Tidal Power

Hydrogen, biofuels & gasoline/ diesel distribution infrastructure

Bio-fuels

Production

H2 production/

electrolysis

H2 storage/

generation

HVDC link to

neighbouring grids

CHP/District

heating

network, DC

Micro Grid

Embedded

storage

Photo Voltaic

Heat pump

Smart

Sensors

Smart Buildings

Smart Homes

Sensors,

smart switches

Highly insulated

housing structure

Micro

generation Photovoltaic roof

tiles

Dynamic control of

refrigeration and HVAC

Demand side

management

High efficiency

appliances

Wind Farm

Wind Farm

Generation

Smart

Meter

Low Power

Radio

Network

Plug-in hybrid

In-house data

on usage and

costs

Fault

location

Embedded

renewables

Transmission & Distribution

Retail

Sensing, control and integration

Other infrastructure

Automatic fault

isolation

Fault

location

Storage and demand shifting

Electricity / heat generation

Power transmission & distribution / communication network

Part of smart grid is an integrated, bidirectional communication

infrastructure to connect grid and metering components to utility systems.


Typical Utility IT-Landscape

SOA Architecture

Gateway In-house

Terminal

Specific Smart Metering IT

In-house

Terminal

Electricity

Meter

Gas

Meter

Water

Meter

Heat

Meter Short-range

Communication

Wire

PLC

Radio

PLC

Radio

Long-range Communication

Broadband Cable

Broadband DSL

GSM/ GPRS

Gateway

Concentrator

Meter Data

Management

System

Meter

Management

System

Meter

Operating

Systems

Meter

Operating

Systems

Meter

Operating

Systems

Billing

Claims

Management

CRM

EDM

Failure

Management

Forecast/

Sourcing

…

Procure

Reading Data

Conduct

Blocking

Restrict

Performance

…

Local System

Components

CentralSystem

Components Communication

Link

Bidirectional

Communication

Source: Smart Metering als Nukleus für das Energieversorgungsunternehmen der Zukunft (2009)

Getting the communications selection right is critical because of its

infrastructure nature and cost.


AMR/AMI Communications Taxonomy

Communications Infrastructure

Narrow-band

Wired

Powerline Carrier (PLC)

Telephone

Wireless

Fixed

1-way

Timed Response

Mesh

Polling

2-way

Satellite

Mesh

Master -Slave

Mobile

1-way

2-way

Broadband

Wired

Broadband Powerline

Cable/DSL/

Fiber

Wireless

Fixed

Mesh

Master-Slave

Mobile

Description

The technologies in red represent

the first wave installed by utilities

The green technologies are now

displacing the red in terms of

purchases

While it was deemed a viable

technology, no commercial

broadband cable, DSL or fiber

offering existed for AMI during the

project

Limited broadband wireless

solutions existed during the project

AMR Technologies – Mobile and/or one-way

Cost and/or technical infeasibility

Emerging AMI Technologies

Technology Overview

Telco (hardware) providers are entering the Smart metering market


Telecom Companies

The telecommunication industry is a vital part of modern society reportedly

representing 3% of the gross world product in 2006*

Telecommunications providers have the infrastructure and capability to

exchange large amounts of information on a daily basis

The existing telecommunication networks could thus prove the ideal form of

communication for smart meters

Vodafone is the world’s leading mobile telecommunications company and

could be a key player in this arena

Cisco as a IP player wants to enter and has started to acquire the respective

skills (acquisition of Arch Rock for Mesh & IPv6 skills)

Key challenges remain however, including:

‒ Extent of coverage and capacity of the network

‒ Partnerships: would suppliers partner with one telco (regional) or would

the government nominate one telco to run the entire network (national)?

‒ What relationship would exist between MOPs and the communications

supplier? Training etc.

Description

http://www.jasperwireless.com/index.php

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/hmpgs/index.html

http://www.google.de/imgres?imgurl=http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/events/e-inclusion/2008/images/logos/alcatel.jpg&imgrefurl=http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/events/e-inclusion/2008/sponsor/&usg=__t4r0m54KRiIJQiiI71IcRk-07xo=&h=298&w=856&sz=71&hl=de&start=4&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=KmDsJh0hK7Hx1M:&tbnh=50&tbnw=145&prev=/images?q=alcatel+logo&um=1&hl=de&rls=com.microsoft:en-US&tbs=isch:1

No Single Technology Is Best Suited For All Utilities.


Technology Strengths Weaknesses Ideal Customer

PLC Leverages existing network.

Deployment costs not driven

by distance

Moderate cost per meter

(~$60-$90)

A few successful large-scale

deployments.

Low data rate limits

functionality

Incompatibility with some

distribution systems.

Roll-out economics

dependent upon enabling at

substation level

Rural/low meter density

utilities

Basic functionality, not

gateway services, is focus of

deployment

Fixed

Wireless

Two-way communication to

meter provides greater

capabilities

New technologies provide

increased reliability and RF

signal strength (e.g., use of

repeaters, 900 MHz)

Lower costs resulting from

fewer collectors.

High cost per meter point

>$100

Network costs (either to

purchase spectrum or

ongoing usage)

Private network deployment

economies heavily dependent

on meter density

High meter density

Advanced functionality

requirements

Broadband Transfers large quantities of

data quickly and reliably

Provides platform for offering

advanced services, such as

home security and home

automation

Installation costs are high –

longer term payback

Full deployment limited to

existing infrastructure

Urban, high meter density

utilities

Advanced functionality

Desire not to build out a new

or separate network

DIFFERS PER COUNTRY Communications Technology Comparison

International Telco Operators Are Facing The Challenge Of Defining An Architecture That

Supports Smart Grid Operators.


Besides public Internet, other public telecommunications services have importance

The Client Network is increasingly important

The Last Mile provides entry ("Access") and distributed to many locations. This may require a combination of an "Area Network (NAN) and a Field Area Network (FAN)

A Substation Network is the "Local Network" in a "substation."

An example of a Distribution Substation Network is an "Intelligent Medium Voltage Area

Utilility included LANs can be found in Data Centers and Operations Centers

A function of the Backhaul is aggregating information flows from multiple access networks: "Aggregation Network’.

Smart Grid Communication Architecture

An Utilities Tailored Telecommunications Architecture Has Four Layers:

Core, Aggregation, Regional And Neighborhood Area Networks.


Smart Grid Locations

Aggre

gation N

etw

ork

Aggregation Network

Aggregation Network

Central Locations

End-to-end Network Performance

Decentral Locations

End-to-end Network Virtualization

End-to-end Network Information

End-to-end Network Management

NOC*

Offices

Data Center

Workspace on-route

Large Consumpt.

EV Charging Point

Minor Consumpt.

Public

Lighting

Electric transport

Business Center

Sub-Station E

Reception Station G

IDR/iMSR*

District Station G

Medium Voltage Space

Transfer Station G

Aggregation Network

Core Network

‘Backbone’

Regional

Network Neighborhood Area

Network

Neighborhood Area

Network

Regional Network

Regional Network

Neighborhood Area

Network

Neighborhood Area

Network

Regional Network

Workplace Home

‘Backhaul’

‘Last mile’ / ‘Access’

‘BAN’

‘HAN’

‘HAN’

‘IAN’

‘MAN’

‘LAN’

‘LAN’

‘LAN’

‘LAN’

NOC = Network Operations Center

There Are Many Communication Solutions Possible While Some

Technologies Are Still Under Development.


Solution

Core

Aggr.

Regio

Are

a

Description

IP/MPLS over fiber √ State-of-the-art core technology for safely connecting different (Aggregation) networks, widely used by

telcos.

Radio Point to Point √ Microwave or Wimax, good and easy to install solution for wireless medium-haul, line-of-sight needed.

Ethernet over fiber √ Fixed technology for Regional or Aggregation level over medium distances to extend to a core network.

xDSL √ √ Market Service that can be used on Regional, but also on Aggregation level, typically few Mbps. Typical

unmetered modem.

Broadband √ Offered by cable companies over coax (DOCSIS), typically few Mbps. Unmetered modem.

Fiber to the X

service √ √ Fiber to the Home 'or' to the Curb‘, also capable of unlocking substations. For example, base station

aggregation or E-meter connections. Unmetered modem.

PLCoMV √* Power Line Communications over Medium Voltage, promising technology but still under development

CDMA √ Cellular, wireless technology widely used commercially in North America and Asia; high investment, good

(indoor) coverage

Rfmesh / RFstar √* Neighborhood Area Network; successful in North America, and (yet) new in Europe, initiatives put in motion

in Europe

GPRS-/UMTS √ GPRS / UMTS service (2.5 / 3G) GPRS (2.5G) future is uncertain, UMTS (3G) is the state-of-the-art,

includes a core and aggregation solution

LTE-service (4G)* √* Future fixed wireless solution will gradually become available from 2012, includes Aggregation and Core

PLC o LV (2G) √ Power Line Communications over Low Voltage, widely used in Western Europe, especially Italy (ENEL)

PLC o LV (3G)* √* Promising but still under development, will be feasible within 2-3 years

Europe's Choice At The Moment Is PLC 2G With GPRS.


ENEL

ENEL

EANDIS

ERDF

Germany

Sweden

Finland

UK

Spain

Netherlands

PLC Data-collectors to 2G, GPRS at Regional Level

LINKEM 3.4 Ghz Wimax for Distribution Automation

PLC Noise Filter and 2G with Gateway for DSL and GPRS

PLC with 2G GPRS and DSL

MUC concept

PLC with GPRS GPRS next to Regional level

PLC 2G and 3G with DSL at Regional Level

GPRS rollout (Centrica)

INTEGRIS Research into hybrid PLC & Wireless Communications,

led by ENDESA

CDMA Proof of Concept 450 MHZ

Current Technologies in Europe


Communication Technologies

Smart Metering / Smart Grids

Technical and Economical Comparison

Communication Channels


Line Switched Packet Switched

Land Line (PSTN / ISDN)

Narrow Range Radio (Pager)

Wireless Network (GSM / CDMA)

Powerline DLC / PLC / BPL

Land Line (LAN / WAN / DSL)

Wireless Network (GPRS / 3G / WiMax)


GSM GPRS

Line Switched Tariff, connection time based Each participant has an exclusive channel. During idle periods the channel can not be used by others Time consuming connection and disconnection establishing Permanent Allocation of a limited portion of the bandwidth Low Band Width Suitable for continuous data streams with real time requirements Not suitable for any burst traffic QoS guaranteed

Packet switched Tariff volume based Channel allocation on demand. In idle time channel can be used by others Channel is permanent available 24h Temporary allocation of whole bandwidth to one user High Bandwidth Unsuitable for continuous data streams with real time requirements Suitable for burst traffic QoS depends on behaviour of the other users in the network

GPRS Technical Parameters


Dynamical allocation of speech – and data channels Asynchronous channel allocation Data transmission is packet switched A GPRS session can use multiple channels

Speech

Packet Switched Data

GPRS Session 1

GPRS Session 2

Combined Speech GPRS Data Channel

Fixed Allocated GPRS Data Channel

Communication Line Switched


PSTN

Radio Network

M E T E R

M D C M S

Analogue Analogue

ISDN ISDN

ISDN

Analogue

GSM

GSM

Comms Adapter

Comms Connection

*200ms

*100ms

*800ms

*1200ms

*1500ms

* Average time to establish connection

Communication Line Switched


Client Server

Server Client

Operation Variances

Pull

*Push

*Cost of communication are with the client

Tariff: Connection Time

Communication Packet Switched


I N T R A N E T

M E T E R

M D C M S

GPRS

3G/LTE

BPL/PLC

WLAN

DSL

Firewall

S E C U R I T Y VPN IPSec

Email ftp

switching center

NMC

Backhaul (Internet)

Comms Adapter

Comms Connection

Communication Packet Switched


Client Server

Server Client

Operation Variances

Pull

Push

Internet Connection / Intranet Tariff: Volume

Connection Cost Tariff: Volume

Assessment Operational Variances


Pull Push

+

-

Technical on site effort very low Centralized admin Execution verification

Synchronous Process (access possible at any time)

Timing Bandwidth usage, high technical effort

Bandwidth usage optimal

Asynchronous Process Decentralized Administration

Execution Verification Fault processing

Thank you!


Documents

19th July 2012July 2012 PEA Building 4, 5th Floor, Theater ...wadethai.org/smartthai/docs/WS_PEA_MEA/2_Metering And Communication... · LTE-service (4G)* √* Future fixed wireless