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8/12/2019 1a. Basic Structure of Aircraft and Controls (1)
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AIRCRAFT AND PARTS
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AERODYNAMICS
Two Greek words : aerios , concerning the air and
dynamis , which means force.
Aerodynamics is the study of forces and the resulting
motion of objects through the air.
Humans have been interested in aerodynamics and
flying for thousands of years, although flying in a heavier-than-air machine has been possible only in the last hundred
years.
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TYPES OF AIRCRAFT***
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GENESIS OF AIR POWER
Man’s dream was to fly when he saw birds in the sky.
The Chinese invented the big man-lifting kites at least
2300 years ago for military reconnaissance.
The use of airship in warfare was proposed as early as1670 by the Italian. Balloon was first used in 1794 during
the French Revolution. Australians used hot air balloons
against Italy for aerial bombardment in 1849.
17 December 1903 has become the greatest date in
the history of aviation as Wright Brothers were the first
men to achieve powered, sustained and controlled flight.
Cont
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GENESIS OF AIR POWER***
Powered ac was first used in war in 1911 during the
Italo-Turkish war. The period between WW-I and WW-II was markedby the development of vision and theory to use air power bythree prophets of air power – Gulio Douhet (Italian Army
Officer), William Mitchell (founder of USAF) and HughTrenchard (father of RAF).
The high-speed bombers like Boeing B-17 Flying
Fortress were developed in 1930. WW-II gave a giant leapto evolution of air power in all aspect. WW-II necessitatedproduction of long range fighters and Spitfire, Hurricane,ME-109, FW-190, P-47 Thunderbolt, P-40 Curtis and P-51
Mustang. Carrier based B-52 was developed during WW-II.Cont
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ISOMETRIC VIEW OF A TYPICAL AIRCRAFT
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BASIC STRUCTURE OF AN AIRCRAFT
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FORCES ACT ON AIRCRAFT
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AIRCRAFT CONTROLS
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Primary Control Surfacess.
Aileron.
Elevator.
Rudder.
Secondary Control Surfaces.
Slat (Auxiliary Aerofoil).
Flap.
Air Brake.
AIRCRAFT CONTROLS
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FUNDAMENTAL FLIGHT CONTROL
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SECONDARY CONTROLS OF AN AIRCRAFT
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SECONDARY CONTROLS OF AN AIRCRAFT
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AIRCRAFT CONTROLS
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FIRST AIRCRAFT OF THE WORLD
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AIRCRAFT OF EARLY AGE
A S
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AIRSHIP
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AIR SHIP
FREE BALLOONS
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FREE BALLOONS
CAPTIVE BALLOONS
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CAPTIVE BALLOONS
LAND PLANE
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LAND PLANE
SEA PLANE (FLOAT PLANE)
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SEA-PLANE (FLOAT PLANE)
AMPHIBIAN
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AMPHIBIAN
HELICOPTER
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HELICOPTER
GYROPLANE
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GYROPLANE
ORNITHOPTER
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ORNITHOPTER
GLIDER
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GLIDER
KITES
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KITES